leptin and lauric-acid

Evidence on the association between fatty acids and adiponectin and leptin concentrations is scarce and inconsistent, which may in part be due to limitations of dietary reporting methods. We aimed to estimate the association of fatty acids, derived from a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and measured in the erythrocyte membrane, with adiponectin and leptin concentrations.. We studied 330 non-institutionalized inhabitants of Porto (52.4% women; age range: 26-64 years) evaluated in 2010-2011, as part of the EPIPorto cohort study. Fatty acids were derived from a validated semiquantitative FFQ and measured in the erythrocyte membrane by gas chromatography. Serum concentrations of adiponectin and leptin were determined through radioimmunoassay. Regression coefficients (β) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were obtained from linear regression models, after controlling for gender, age, education, leisure time physical activity and total body fat percentage (obtained from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry).. Fatty acids measured by FFQ showed no significant associations with both adipokines. Lauric and linoleic acids, measured in the erythrocyte membrane, were significantly and positively associated with adiponectin (β=0.292, 95% CI: 0.168-0.416; β=0.150, 95% CI: 0.020-0.280) and leptin (β=0.071, 95% CI: 0.003-0.138; β=0.071, 95% CI: 0.002-0.140), whereas total n-3, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids were significantly but negatively associated with adiponectin (β=-0.289, 95% CI: -0.420 to -0.159; β=-0.174, 95% CI -0.307 to -0.040; β=-0.253, 95% CI -0.383 to -0.124) and leptin (β=-0.151, 95% CI: -0.220 to -0.083; β=-0.080, 95% CI: -0.151 to -0.009; β=-0.146, 95% CI: -0.214 to -0.078). Positive significant associations of palmitic and trans-fatty acids with adiponectin were also observed.. A positive association of lauric and linoleic acids and a negative association of total n-3 fatty acids with both adipokines were observed only with fatty acids measured in the erythrocyte membrane.

Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adiponectin; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet; Dietary Fats; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Erythrocyte Membrane; Fatty Acids; Female; Humans; Lauric Acids; Leptin; Linear Models; Linoleic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Motor Activity; Prospective Studies; Socioeconomic Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Trans Fatty Acids; Triglycerides

Evidence on the relation of saturated fatty acids (SFA) with inflammatory markers and adipokines is scarce and inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the association of the intake of total SFA, their subtypes (lauric, myristic, palmitic, and stearic acids), and SFA to polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ratio (SFA/PUFA ratio) with serum concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), adiponectin, and leptin among Portuguese adults.. We studied 395 non-institutionalized inhabitants of Porto (52.2% women; age range: 26-64 y) who were evaluated in 2010-2011, as part of EPIPorto study. Fatty acids intake was assessed with a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Blood was sampled after an overnight fast and serum concentrations of hs-CRP (through particle-enhanced immunonephelometry), adiponectin, and leptin (through radioimmunoassay) were determined. Regression coefficients (β) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained from linear regression models, stratified by sex.. After adjusting for age, education, regular physical exercise, smoking, and central body fat percentage, hs-CRP was significantly and positively associated with lauric (β = 0.218; 95% CI, 0.071-0.365) and myristic acids (β = 0.220; 95% CI, 0.073-0.368) and with SFA/PUFA ratio (β = 0.171; 95% CI, 0.022-0.320) in men, but not in women. For adiponectin and leptin, no significant associations with SFA intake were observed in either sex.. A detrimental role of lauric and myristic acids and of high SFA/PUFA ratio is suggested by their association with elevated hs-CRP concentrations in men. Our findings may be helpful in the planning of dietary modifications aimed at the modulation of inflammatory activity that could be an intermediate step to coronary events.

Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adiponectin; Adult; Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein; Dietary Fats; Fatty Acids; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Female; Humans; Lauric Acids; Leptin; Male; Middle Aged; Myristic Acid; Nutrition Assessment; Portugal; Prospective Studies; Socioeconomic Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult