kynurenic acid has been researched along with tryptophan in 521 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 198 (38.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 38 (7.29) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 39 (7.49) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 134 (25.72) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 112 (21.50) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Bellows, DS; Clarke, ID; Diamandis, P; Dirks, PB; Graham, J; Jamieson, LG; Ling, EK; Sacher, AG; Tyers, M; Ward, RJ; Wildenhain, J | 1 |
| Bühlen, E; Bühner, R; Byrd, DJ; Kochen, W | 1 |
| Forman, P; Justice, P; Tabahoff, B; Wong, PW | 1 |
| Lemonnier, FJ; Scotto, JM; Thuong-Trieu, C | 1 |
| Guseĭnova, RS | 1 |
| Bossé, TR; Donald, EA | 1 |
| Muramatsu, S; Suzuki, M; Takahashi, T; Watanabe, M; Yoshida, M | 1 |
| Allegri, G; Baccichetti, F; Costa, C; De Antoni, A; Vanzan, S | 1 |
| Abdel-Tawab, GA; El-Kholy, ZA; El-Sewedy, SM; El-Zoghby, SM | 1 |
| Allegri, G; Costa, C; De Antoni, A | 1 |
| Abdel-Rafea, A; Abdel-Tawab, GA; El-Dardiri, N; El-Kabariti, H; El-Kholy, ZA; Mostafa, MH; Saad, AA | 1 |
| De Bruin, EJ; Hankes, LV; Jansen, CR; Schmaeler, M | 1 |
| Matsushima, M; Yonese, Y | 1 |
| Fokkens, W; Haije, WG; Hop, WC; Peters, HA; Portengen, H; Teulings, FA; van der Werf-Messing, B | 1 |
| Gonzalez, V; Jones, CL | 1 |
| Brown, RR; Yeh, JK | 1 |
| Bender, DA; Humm, RP; Smith, WR | 1 |
| Kurbanov, Kh | 1 |
| Collipp, PJ; Goldzier, S; Snyder, R; Soleymani, Y; Weiss, N | 1 |
| Arend, RA; Brown, RR; Leklem, JE; Linkswiler, H; Rose, DP | 1 |
| Brown, RR; Hankes, LV; Jansen, CR; Leklem, JE | 1 |
| Ionascu, L; Ionescu, G; Romas, NA; Sholem, S; Veenema, RJ | 1 |
| Balachandar, V; Chen, SY; Collipp, PJ; Maddaiah, VT; Sharma, RK | 1 |
| Barlow, GB; Wilkinson, AW | 2 |
| Korkhov, VV | 1 |
| Feltkamp, H; Patt, V | 1 |
| Musajo, L | 1 |
| Budny, JA; Henderson, LM; Swan, PB; Triebwasser, KC | 1 |
| Pewnim, T; Seifert, J | 1 |
| Beal, MF; Bird, ED; Matson, WR; Milbury, P; Ogawa, T; Ryan, EA; Storey, E | 1 |
| Alesiani, M; Davolio, P; Lombardi, G; Moroni, F; Pellicciari, R; Russi, P | 1 |
| Heyes, MP; Markey, SP; Saito, K | 1 |
| Frank, JA; Gravell, M; Heyes, MP; Jordan, EK; Lee, K; Markey, SP; Saito, K; Snoy, PJ | 1 |
| Brodie, MJ; Connick, JH; Heywood, GC; Sills, GJ; Stone, TW; Thompson, GG | 1 |
| Carlà, V; De Luca, G; Moroni, F; Politi, V; Russi, P | 1 |
| Morgan, PF | 1 |
| Bender, DA; Njagi, EN | 2 |
| Savvateeva, E | 1 |
| Elderfield, A; Truscott, R | 1 |
| Di Stazio, G; Lavaggi, MV; Margonelli, A; Politi, V | 1 |
| During, MJ; Freese, A; Heyes, MP; Markey, SP; Martin, JB; Matson, WR; Roth, RH; Swartz, KJ | 1 |
| April, M; Blackmore, D; Eckhaus, M; Gravell, M; Heyes, MP; London, WT; Markey, SP; Vickers, JH; Yergey, JA | 1 |
| Beninger, RJ; Boegman, RJ; Jhamandas, K | 1 |
| Beal, MF; Bird, ED; Gamache, PH; Matson, WR; Swartz, KJ | 1 |
| Beninger, RJ; Bialik, M; Boegman, RJ; Jhamandas, K | 1 |
| Dedhia, M; Heyes, MP; Lackner, A; Mefford, IN; Quearry, BJ | 1 |
| Beal, MF; During, MJ; Freese, A; Swartz, KJ | 1 |
| Kimbrough, TD; Llewellyn, GC; Weekley, LB | 1 |
| Schwarcz, R; Speciale, C; Ungerstedt, U | 1 |
| Carlà, V; Moroni, F; Russi, P | 1 |
| Izuta, S; Shibata, Y; Takeuchi, F; Tsubouchi, R | 1 |
| Halsey, MJ; Hawley, D; Joseph, MH; Wardley-Smith, B | 1 |
| Shibata, Y; Takeuchi, F; Tsubouchi, R | 1 |
| Abdel-Hamied, HA; Abdel-Tawab, GA; Aboul-Azm, T; Ebied, SA; el-Kholy, ZA; el-Sharaky, AS; el-Toukhy, MA | 1 |
| Kanoh, T; Mizoguchi, I; Suzuki, T | 1 |
| Beni, M; Carlà, V; Lombardi, G; Moroni, F; Russi, P | 1 |
| Goto, S; Kido, R; Ogawa, Y; Okayama, A; Okuno, E; Takikawa, O; Wada, H; Yamatodani, A | 1 |
| Fun, L; Goto, S; Ogawa, Y; Okayama, A; Wada, H; Yamatodani, A | 1 |
| Depner, TA; Gulyassy, PF; Jarrard, EA; Tavares-Almeida, I | 1 |
| Lee, CM; Leklem, JE | 1 |
| Palmieri, F; Quagliariello, E | 1 |
| Swanbeck, G; Wennersten, G | 1 |
| Kaseda, H; Kido, R; Ora, H | 1 |
| Brown, RR; Madsen, PO; Price, JM; Wolf, H | 1 |
| Brown, RR; Hankes, LV; Lippincott, S; Schmaeler, M | 2 |
| Boucek, RJ; Dietrich, LS; Hlavackova, V | 1 |
| Bowman, AL; Hogue, DE; Travis, HF; Warner, RG | 1 |
| Brown, RR; Leklem, JE; Woodford, J | 1 |
| Crawford, MA; Hansen, IL; Lopez, A | 1 |
| Hochberg, K; Kochen, W | 1 |
| Brown, RR; Burney, SW; Friedell, GH; Price, JM | 1 |
| Hardy, J; Heeley, AF; Heeley, ME; Soothill, JF | 1 |
| Brown, RR; Price, JM; Yess, N | 1 |
| Leklem, JE | 1 |
| Curzon, G; Green, AR | 1 |
| Berg, CP; Loh, HH | 4 |
| Allegri, G; Costa, C; Crepaldi, G; De Antoni, A; Muggeo, M | 1 |
| Houpt, JB; Hunt, M; Ogryzlo, MA | 1 |
| Chen, J; Matchett, WH | 1 |
| Abdel-Daim, MH; Abdel-Tawab, GA; Amer, MS | 2 |
| Brown, RR; Wolf, H | 1 |
| Brown, RR; Hankes, LV; Jansen, CR; Leklem, J; Mekel, RC | 1 |
| Eichelberg, D; Wessing, A | 1 |
| Masana, Y; Nakagawa, I; Suzuki, T; Takahashi, T | 1 |
| Lakatos, C; Smith, HG | 1 |
| Beisel, WR; Rapoport, MI | 2 |
| Hardeland, R | 1 |
| Binazzi, M; Calandra, P | 1 |
| Linkswiler, HM; Shin, HK | 1 |
| Allegri, G; Costa, C; De Antoni, A; Rubaltelli, FF | 1 |
| Ricós, C; Sabater, J | 1 |
| Allegri, G; De Antoni, A | 1 |
| Chen, NC; Gholson, RK | 1 |
| Anya, AO | 1 |
| Brown, RR; Karp, WB; Robertson, AF; Schuerger, GS | 1 |
| Elias, EG; Ezdinli, E; Gailani, S; Nussbaum, A; Silvernail, P | 1 |
| Heinmets, F | 1 |
| Abdel-Tawab, GA; Kelada, FS; Konbar, AA; Moustafa, MH | 1 |
| Abul-Fadl, M; Hamza, S; Khalafallah, A; Khattab, M | 1 |
| Bühner, R; Bührlen, E; Byrd, D; Kochen, W | 1 |
| Adams, PW; Rose, DP; Strong, R | 1 |
| Brown, RR; Carlson, IH; Davis, HL; Leklem, J | 1 |
| Cochran, DG; Mullins, DE | 1 |
| Grimm, U; Knapp, A; Schmitz, W; Schulz, M | 1 |
| Daniel, LJ; Gray, LF | 1 |
| Feltkamp, H; Wierny, W; Zilliken, F | 1 |
| Payne, IR; Walsh, EM; Whittenburg, EJ | 1 |
| Lu, GH; Meyer, K; Payne, IR | 1 |
| Bryan, GT | 1 |
| Kido, T | 1 |
| Beisel, WR; Hornick, RB; Rapoport, MI | 1 |
| Kochen, W | 1 |
| Abdel-Daim, MH; Abdel-Tawab, GA; el-Sawy, MF; el-Sewedy, SM | 1 |
| Boyd, AE; Francesconi, RP; Mager, M | 1 |
| Brown, RR; Hankes, LV; Jesseph, J; Leklem, J; Schmaeler, M | 1 |
| Hahn, K | 1 |
| Brown, RR; Friedell, GH; Leklem, JE | 1 |
| Johnson, BF; Stanier, RY | 1 |
| Gursel, E; Karp, F; Marshall, S; Seneca, E; Stern, F; Zinsser, HH | 1 |
| Abulaban, FS; Sanders, RB | 1 |
| Ling, KH; Yang, SS | 1 |
| Bakri, M; Carlson, JR | 1 |
| Abdel-Daim, MH; Abdel-Tawab, GA; Girgis, LH; Kelada, NL; Moursi, GE | 1 |
| Mainardi, L; Pasquariello, G | 1 |
| Igari, T; Tsuchizawa, M | 1 |
| McGinty, F; Rose, DP | 1 |
| Gibbs, DA; Watts, RW | 2 |
| Korbitz, BC | 1 |
| Brown, RR; Hankes, LV; Leklem, JE; Schmaeler, M | 1 |
| Abbassy, AS; Abdel-Tawab, GA; el-Sewedy, SW; Hassanein, EA; Kholief, TS; Zeitoun, MM | 1 |
| Berger, H; Ziegler, E | 1 |
| Abdel-Daim, MH; Abdel-Tawab, GA; Kholief, TS; Konbar, AA | 1 |
| Brown, RR; DeGeorge, FV | 1 |
| Abdel-Tawab, GA; el-Shafei, AK; el-Zoghby, SM; Kelada, FS | 1 |
| Mainardi, L; Pasquariello, G; Tenconi, LT | 1 |
| Feigin, RD; Shaw, RC | 1 |
| Kido, R; Oira, H; Tanaka, H | 1 |
| Arakawa, T; Nakagawa, H; Tada, K; Yokoyama, Y; Yoshida, T | 2 |
| Feuerstein, M; Sönnichsen, N | 1 |
| Boruchow, IB; Ludwig, GD; Wontorsky, D | 1 |
| Abdel-Tawab, GA; Abdel-Wahab, AF; Ibrahim, EK; Mousa, AH; Moustafa, MH; Saad, AA | 1 |
| Jackson, M; McManus, IR | 1 |
| Macnicol, PK | 1 |
| Brown, RR; Rose, DP; Yao, YS | 1 |
| Feuerstein, M; Kölzsch, J; Sönnichsen, N | 1 |
| Heilmann, HH; Knapp, A; Stolp, A; von Sudhodoletz, O | 1 |
| Drenick, EJ; Swendseid, ME; Vinyard, E | 1 |
| Nath, MC; Shastri, NV | 1 |
| Hood, LV; Winefordner, JD | 1 |
| Abbassy, AS; Abdel-Tawab, GA; el-Sewedy, SM; Hassanein, EA; Kholief, TS; Zeitoun, MM | 1 |
| Madras, BK; Sourkes, TL | 1 |
| Kido, R; Matsumura, Y; Noguchi, T; Sakurane, T | 1 |
| Knapp, A | 2 |
| Chetaille, M; Christiansen, J; Cotte, J; Poulet, F | 1 |
| Consonni, V; Giovannini, M | 1 |
| Hill, HD; Roszel, NO; Summer, GK | 1 |
| Komrower, GM; Westall, R | 1 |
| Banowsky, L; Pipkin, G; Schlegel, JU | 1 |
| Drenick, EJ; Joven, CB; Swendseid, ME; Vinyard, E | 1 |
| Linkswiler, H | 1 |
| Lipton, R; Melicow, MM; Price, TD | 1 |
| Kido, R; Matsumura, Y; Noguchi, T; Tsuji, T | 1 |
| Benassi, CA; De Antoni, A; Veronese, FM | 1 |
| Linkswiler, H; Miller, LT | 1 |
| Leibenguth, F | 1 |
| Crokaert, R; Geeraerts, F; Schimpfessel, L | 1 |
| Beaudry, P; Civatte, J; Dreux, C; Garnier, JP; Jeanmougin, M | 1 |
| Lohman, TG; Wirth, JC | 1 |
| Hattori, M; Kotake, Y | 1 |
| Boots, LR; Cornwell, PE; Monti, JA; Williams, SA | 1 |
| Hoes, MJ; Sijben, N | 1 |
| Bermond, P | 1 |
| Hauer, B; Lingens, F | 1 |
| Bryan, GT; Ertürk, E; Matsushima, M; Takano, S | 1 |
| Allegri, G; Cardin Dè Stefani, EL; Costa, C; De Antoni, A; Vanzan, S | 1 |
| Kawai, H; Kusaka, K; Miyoshi, K; Nakahira, H; Takuma, M; Yagida, M | 1 |
| Fujinaga, T; Kido, R; Nakamura, J; Ohkawa, T; Sangen, H | 1 |
| Bamji, MS; Prema, K; Safaya, S | 1 |
| Kabuto, H; Kurimoto, T; Mori, A; Takei, M; Yokoi, I | 1 |
| Altemus, M; Demitrack, MA; Gold, PW; Heyes, MP; Pigott, TA | 1 |
| Chen, CY; Heyes, MP; Markey, SP; Naritsin, DB; Saito, K | 1 |
| Byar, D; De Pauw, M; Lockwood, R; Newling, DW; Robinson, MR; Smith, PH; Stevens, I; Sylvester, R | 1 |
| Boni, RL; Markey, SP; Naritsin, DB | 1 |
| Carpenedo, R; Chiarugi, A; Costantino, G; Mahmoud, MR; Mattoli, L; Moroni, F; Natalini, B; Pellicciari, R; Sadeghpour, BM | 1 |
| Heyes, MP; Major, EO; Markey, SP; Milstien, S; Saito, K; Vickers, JH | 1 |
| Hayakawa, T; Kondo, T; Mushiage, M; Shibata, K; Tsuge, H | 1 |
| Hansen, DK; Lunte, SM | 1 |
| Watanabe, M | 1 |
| Acuña-Castroviejo, D; Molina-Carballo, A; Muñóz-Hoyos, A; Rodríguez-Cabezas, T; Ruiz-Cosano, C; Uberos-Fernández, J | 1 |
| Kondo, T; Miki, A; Shibata, K | 1 |
| Dong-Ruyl, L; Nakano, K; Sawada, M | 1 |
| Goodman, CB; Heyliger, SO; Ngong, JM; Soliman, KF | 1 |
| Hodgkins, PS; Lee, SC; Scharfman, HE; Schwarcz, R | 1 |
| Fornstedt-Wallin, B; Fredriksson, G; Lundström, J; Luthman, J; Schwarcz, R | 1 |
| Jirgensons, J; Jurika, E; Rudzite, V | 1 |
| Goda, K; Hamane, Y; Kishimoto, R; Ogishi, Y | 1 |
| Pawlak, D; Takada, A; Takada, Y; Urano, T | 1 |
| Arun, P; Deepadevi, KV; Kurup, PA; Manojkumar, V; Ravikumar, A | 1 |
| Bragina, J; Heisenberg, M; Kamyshev, N; Kornhuber, J; Popov, A; Riederer, P; Savvateeva, E; Senitz, D | 1 |
| Baran, H; Budka, H; Hainfellner, JA; Kepplinger, B; Mazal, PR; Schmid, H | 1 |
| Kankofer, M | 1 |
| Nicholls, T; Nitsos, I; Smythe, G; Walker, DW | 1 |
| Fukuwatari, T; Hayakawa, F; Morikawa, Y; Shibata, K; Sugimoto, E | 1 |
| Buczko, W; Mysliwiec, P; Pawlak, D; Tankiewicz, A | 1 |
| Buczko, W; Malyszko, J; Mysliwiec, M; Pawlak, D; Pawlak, K | 1 |
| Fukuwatari, T; Shibata, K; Sugimoto, E | 1 |
| Amirkhani, A; Bergquist, J; Heldin, E; Markides, KE | 1 |
| Darlington, LG; Stone, TW | 1 |
| BEHRMAN, EJ; TANAKA, T | 1 |
| BENASSI, CA; COPPINI, D; MONTORSI, M | 1 |
| HAYAISHI, O; KOBAYASHI, S; TASHIRO, M; TSUKADA, K | 1 |
| HELLSTROM, B; VASSELLA, F; WENGLE, B | 1 |
| BEHRMAN, EJ; STELLA, EJ | 1 |
| ALLEGRI, G; BENASSI, CA; PERISSINOTTO, B | 2 |
| CAREDDU, P | 1 |
| ANTAL, L; D AN, S; GYOERFFY, A; SZEGEDI, G | 1 |
| ALLEGRI, G; BENASSI, CA; BENASSI, P; RABASSINI, A | 1 |
| CREPALDI, G; PARPAJOLA, A | 1 |
| MIYATAKE, M; SHIBA, S; TERAWAKI, A | 1 |
| BERGER, H; HOTTINGER, A | 1 |
| HAYASHI, H; KAWAMURA, M; MINOJIMA, A; MIZUNO, T; OKINAKA, T; SATO, I | 1 |
| MENCZYK, Z | 1 |
| BROWN, RR; FLINN, JH; PRICE, JM; YESS, N | 1 |
| CLAMP, JR; KOMROWER, GM; WESTALL, RG; WILSON, V | 1 |
| BENSON, GD; HAEFFNER, LJ; KOWLESSAR, OD | 1 |
| BROWN, RR; BRYAN, GT; PRICE, JM | 2 |
| BROWN, RR; BRYAN, GT; MORRIS, CR; PRICE, JM | 1 |
| HATANAKA, M; HAYAISHI, O; KUNO, S; KURIHARA, N; NAKAJIMA, M; TANIUCHI, H | 1 |
| ABUL-FADL, MA; KHALAFALLAH, AS | 1 |
| PINALS, RS | 1 |
| PASQUARIELLO, G | 1 |
| DRUCKMAN, R; FRENCH, JH; GRUETER, BB; O'BRIEN, D | 1 |
| CAREDDU, P; MAINARDI, L; TENCONI, LT | 1 |
| MAINARDI, L; TENCONI, LT | 1 |
| Johnson, MS; Moretti, L; Pentikäinen, OT; Settimo, L | 1 |
| Fukuoka, S; Fukuwatari, T; Ohsaki, S; Sasaki, R; Shibata, K; Suzuki, Y | 1 |
| Cai, T; Chen, A; Di Prospero, NA; Du, F; Guidetti, P; Melendez-Ferro, M; Sapko, MT; Schwarcz, R; Tagle, DA; Whetsell, WO; Yu, P | 1 |
| Rho, JM | 1 |
| Koek, GH; Maes, M; Robaeys, G; Scharpé, S; Verkerk, R; Wichers, MC | 1 |
| Amirkhani, A; Arvidsson, B; Bencsik, K; Bergquist, J; Boda, K; Markides, KE; Rajda, C; Seres, E; Vécsei, L | 1 |
| Hughes, TK; Juelich, T; Rady, PL; Smith, EM; Tu, H; Tyring, SK | 1 |
| Ling, L; Reagan, J; Simonavicius, N; Swaminath, G; Tian, H; Wang, J; Wu, X | 1 |
| Darlington, LG; Forrest, CM; Mackay, GM; Oxford, L; Stone, TW; Stoy, N | 1 |
| Perez-De La Cruz, V; Santamaria, A | 1 |
| Kim, YK; Leonard, BE; Myint, AM; Park, SH; Scharpé, S; Steinbusch, HW; Verkerk, R | 1 |
| Buczko, P; Dziemiańczyk, D; Grabowska, SZ; Pawlak, D; Szarmach, IJ; Tankiewicz, A | 1 |
| Miüller, N; Schwarz, MJ | 1 |
| Bosmans, E; Kubera, M; Maes, M; Mihaylova, I; Ruyter, MD | 1 |
| GULLBERG, ME; HEIDELBERGER, C | 2 |
| Fukuwatari, T; Shibata, K | 3 |
| Robotka, H; Rózsa, E; Toldi, J; Vécsei, L | 1 |
| Bienenstock, J; Clarke, G; Desbonnet, L; Dinan, TG; Garrett, L | 1 |
| Fukuwatari, T; Okuno, A; Shibata, K | 2 |
| Baran, H; Kepplinger, B | 1 |
| Ao, X; Luo, XB; Mo, XM; Pi, LG; Tang, AG | 1 |
| Fotopoulou, C; Hasper, D; Pschowski, R; Reinke, P; Schefold, JC; Schuett, C; Volk, HD; von Haehling, S; Zeden, JP | 1 |
| Kanth, VR; Lavanya, K; Raju, TN; Srinivas, J | 1 |
| Deng, W; Ding, M; Ma, L; Wang, W; Xu, B | 1 |
| Senggunprai, L; Yamazoe, Y; Yoshinari, K | 1 |
| Fülöp, F; Klivényi, P; Toldi, J; Vámos, E; Vécsei, L; Zádori, D | 1 |
| Mysliwiec, M; Pawlak, D; Pawlak, K | 1 |
| Fotopoulou, C; Fusch, G; Hammoud, B; Hasper, D; Meisel, C; Pschowski, R; Reinke, P; Schefold, JC; Schütt, C; Volk, HD; Von Haehling, S; Zeden, JP | 1 |
| Chen, Y; Guillemin, GJ; Meininger, V | 1 |
| Gao, P; Zhao, J; Zhu, D | 1 |
| Luo, XB; Ren, YP; Tang, AG; Xiang, ZY; Zhou, QX | 1 |
| Molina-Carballo, A; Muñoz-Hoyos, A; Romero, J; Uberos, J | 1 |
| Bien, B; Gulaj, E; Pawlak, D; Pawlak, K | 1 |
| Domanska, G; Drude, S; Fusch, G; Kiank, C; Otten, W; Schuett, C; Zeden, JP | 1 |
| Dahl, ML; Engberg, G; Erhardt, S; Holtze, M; Linderholm, KR; Olsson, SK; Samuelsson, M; Skogh, E | 1 |
| Fukushima, T; Iizuka, H; Ishii, K; Ogaya, T; Song, Z | 2 |
| Cho, YH; Choi, D; Hwang, GS; Jung, J; Kim, J; Lee, HS; Park, HJ; Park, M; Ryu, DH; Shim, SB | 1 |
| Carlà, V; Cavone, L; Cosi, C; Cozzi, A; Mannaioni, G; Maratea, D; Moroni, F; Sili, M | 1 |
| Müller, N; Myint, AM; Schwarz, MJ | 1 |
| Kim, YK; Leonard, BE; Mueller, HH; Myint, AM; Scharpé, S; Schwarz, MJ; Steinbusch, HW; Verkerk, R; Zach, J | 1 |
| Breda, C; Campesan, S; Giorgini, F; Green, EW; Kyriacou, CP; Muchowski, PJ; Sathyasaikumar, KV; Schwarcz, R | 1 |
| Galecki, P; Maes, M; Rief, W; Verkerk, R | 1 |
| Ares, AM; Bernal, J; Bernal, JL; Nozal, MJ; Soto, ME | 1 |
| Chen, H; Gao, P; Luo, X; Ni, P; Xu, B; Zhan, Y; Zhao, J; Zhu, D | 1 |
| Agraharm, SG; Gundae, S; Munipally, PK; Turlapati, NR; Valavala, VK | 1 |
| Bermudez, I; Franklin, M; Gaburro, S; Murck, H; Singewald, N | 1 |
| Buurman, WA; Dekker, J; Jonkers, DM; Keszthelyi, D; Masclee, AA; Troost, FJ; van Donkelaar, EL | 1 |
| Maes, M; Rief, W | 1 |
| Azechi, H; Board, M; Yamamoto, T | 1 |
| Notarangelo, FM; Schwarcz, R; Wang, JZ; Wang, XD | 1 |
| Du Preez, JL; Harvey, BH; Möller, M | 1 |
| Furuse, M; Kurata, K; Nagasawa, M; Ogino, Y; Tomonaga, S; Yoshida, J | 1 |
| Tan, L; Yu, JT | 1 |
| Choi, YH; Cui, J; Du, GH; Gao, XX; Li, ZY; Qin, XM; Tan, XJ; Tian, JS; Xing, J; Zheng, XY; Zhou, YZ | 1 |
| Aiello, R; Camastra, C; Chimirri, S; Citraro, R; De Sarro, G; Donato, G; Mainardi, P; Perucca, E; Russo, E; Scicchitano, F | 1 |
| Darlington, LG; Stone, TW; Stoy, N | 1 |
| Buerger, K; Guillemin, GJ; Hampel, H; Schwarz, MJ; Teipel, SJ | 1 |
| Coppola, A; Ilkayeva, O; Levin, ED; Maggioni, M; Newgard, CB; Slotkin, TA; Stevens, RD; Wenner, BR | 1 |
| Kołosowska, K; Lehner, M; Maciejak, P; Płaźnik, A; Sobolewska, A; Szyndler, J; Turzyńska, D | 1 |
| Brusov, OS; Kliushnik, TP; Kopeĭko, GI; Tiganov, AS | 1 |
| Eussen, SJ; Midttun, Ø; Nygård, O; Tell, GS; Theofylaktopoulou, D; Ueland, PM; Ulvik, A; Vollset, SE | 1 |
| Fukuwatari, T; Hiratsuka, C; Saito, K; Sano, M; Sasaki, S; Shibata, K | 1 |
| Zhao, J | 1 |
| Dankers, AC; Dijkman, HB; Hoenderop, JG; Masereeuw, R; Mutsaers, HA; Russel, FG; Sweep, FC; van den Heuvel, LP | 1 |
| Fukuwatari, T; Funakoshi, H; Kadota, E; Kanai, M; Nakamura, T; Sano, M; Shibata, K; Terakata, M | 1 |
| Carvalho, AM; de França Fonteles, MM; de Sousa, FC; Dias, ML; Freire, LV; Rios, ER; Rocha, NF | 1 |
| Gregory, JF; Nijhout, HF; Reed, MC; Rios-Avila, L; Sitren, HS | 1 |
| Baranyi, A; Breitenecker, RJ; Kapfhammer, HP; Meinitzer, A; Putz-Bankuti, C; Rothenhäusler, HB; Stauber, R; Stepan, A | 1 |
| Chi, YY; Coats, B; da Silva, VR; Garrett, TJ; Gregory, JF; Lamers, Y; Midttun, Ø; Muller, KE; Percival, SS; Quinlivan, EP; Ralat, MA; Rios-Avila, L; Shankar, MN; Stacpoole, PW; Ueland, PM | 1 |
| Chugani, DC; Jyoti, A; Kannan, RM; Kannan, S; Lesniak, WG; Louissaint, N; Mishra, MK; Romero, R | 1 |
| Ding, M; Fan, Z; Feng, C; Gao, J; Yang, X; Zhen, Q; Zhu, M | 1 |
| Fang, Q; Harris, TH; Horning, KJ; Hunter, CA; Notarangelo, FM; Schwarcz, R; Thomas, MA; Wilson, EH | 1 |
| Fu, H; Liu, X; Wang, J; Yu, W; Zheng, D; Zhu, L | 1 |
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| Banister, SD; Guillemin, GJ; Karl, T; Kassiou, M; Lim, CK; Purves-Tyson, T; Weickert, CS; Zavitsanou, K | 1 |
| Chaker, H; Genestet, C; Guery, B; Le Gouellec, A; Polack, B; Stasia, MJ; Toussaint, B | 1 |
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| Bellgowan, PS; Bodurka, J; Dantzer, R; Drevets, WC; Savitz, J; Smith, CM; Teague, TK; Victor, TA; Wurfel, BE | 1 |
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| Adams, S; Braidy, N; Brew, BJ; Bustamante, S; Guillemin, GJ; Lim, CK; McDonald, KL; Sundaram, G; Teo, C; Zinger, A | 1 |
| Abdelmoaty, S; Bhat, M; Dahl, ML; Engberg, G; Erhardt, S; Finn, A; Kegel, ME; Larsson, MK; Lundberg, K; Orhan, F; Samuelsson, M; Schuppe-Koistinen, I; Schwieler, L; Sellgren, C; Skogh, E; Svensson, C | 1 |
| Chi, YY; Coats, B; Gregory, JF; Midttun, Ø; Rios-Avila, L; Stacpoole, PW; Ueland, PM | 1 |
| Ashrafi, K; Cunningham, KA; Lemieux, GA; Lin, L; Mayer, F; Werb, Z | 1 |
| Beconi, M; Bonelli, F; Caretti, F; Chan, K; Dominguez, C; Herbst, T; Lyons, K; Monteagudo, E; Munoz-Sanjuan, I; Orsale, MV; Orsatti, L; Speziale, R; Toledo-Sherman, L; Veneziano, M; Zini, M | 1 |
| Dąbrowski, R; Hagman, R; Kocki, T; Pastor, J; Turski, WA; Tvarijonaviciute, A | 1 |
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| Brody, LC; Brosnan, JT; Brosnan, ME; Deac, OM; Fan, R; Gibney, ER; Laird, E; Midttun, Ø; Mills, JL; Molloy, AM; Shane, B; Ueland, PM; Wang, Y | 1 |
| Elizondo, G; García-Lara, L; González-Esquivel, D; Pérez-Severiano, F; Segovia, J | 1 |
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| Bergink, V; Burgerhout, KM; Drexhage, HA; Hoogendijk, WJ; Kushner, SA; Myint, AM; Schütze, G; Schwarz, MJ; Veen, C | 1 |
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| Bodurka, J; Dantzer, R; Drevets, WC; Ford, BN; Meier, TB; Morris, HM; Savitz, J; Teague, TK; Victor, TA; Wurfel, BE | 1 |
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| de Bie, J; Grant, R; Guest, J; Guillemin, GJ | 1 |
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| Dabrowska, M; Jasiewicz, M; Kaminski, KA; Kazimierczyk, R; Knapp, M; Moniuszko, M; Musial, WJ; Pawlak, D; Rusak, M | 1 |
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| Engberg, G; Erhardt, S; Goiny, M; Liu, XC; Mathé, AA | 1 |
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| Cobb, SR; Dalton, RN; Darlington, LG; Forrest, CM; Kennedy, PG; Rodgers, J; Stone, TW; Turner, C | 1 |
| Davies, N; Hilder, EF; Jose, MD; Karu, N; McKercher, C; Nichols, DS; Shellie, RA | 1 |
| Bhat, M; Cannon, TD; Engberg, G; Erhardt, S; Hultman, CM; Johansson, V; Kegel, ME; Landén, M; Schuppe-Koistinen, I; Schwieler, L; Wetterberg, L | 1 |
| Gabriele, S; Gevi, F; Persico, AM; Zolla, L | 1 |
| Bengesser, SA; Birner, A; Dalkner, N; Fellendorf, FT; Fuchs, D; Hamm, C; Herzog-Eberhard, S; Kapfhammer, HP; Maget, A; Mangge, H; Moll, N; Pilz, R; Platzer, M; Queissner, R; Rauch, P; Reininghaus, B; Reininghaus, EZ; Schütze, G; Schwarz, M; Zelzer, S | 1 |
| Anderson, G; Carvalho, AF; Geffard, M; Kanchanatawan, B; Maes, M; Ruxrungtham, K; Sirivichayakul, S | 1 |
| Bengesser, SA; Birner, A; Dalkner, N; Fellendorf, FT; Fuchs, D; Hamm, C; Herzog-Eberhard, S; Hörmanseder, C; Kainzbauer, N; Maget, A; Mangge, H; Mansur, RB; McIntyre, RS; Moll, N; Pilz, R; Platzer, M; Queissner, R; Rauch, P; Reininghaus, EZ; Schütze, G; Schwarz, MJ; Zelzer, S | 1 |
| Jünemann, AG; Maciejewski, R; Matysik-Woźniak, A; Paduch, R; Rejdak, R; Turski, WA | 1 |
| Jóźwiak, K; Kocki, T; Targowska-Duda, KM; Turski, WA; Wnorowski, A; Zakrocka, I | 1 |
| Chaleckis, R; Ohashi, K; Takaine, M; Wheelock, CE; Yoshida, S | 1 |
| Acharjee, A; Cooke, A; Griffin, JL; Koulman, A; Murfitt, SA; Roberts, LD; Sawyer, Y; Wang, X; Zaccone, P | 1 |
| Sherin, PS; Sormacheva, ED; Tsentalovich, YP | 1 |
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| Fan, L; Fang, J; Song, J; Tong, Q; Xiong, W; Yang, G | 1 |
| Arnhard, K; Fuchs, D; Koal, T; Oberacher, H; Pitterl, F; Sperner-Unterweger, B | 1 |
| Fülöp, F; Hertelendy, P; Toldi, J; Vécsei, L | 1 |
| Navrotskaya, V; Oxenkrug, G; Turski, W; Wnorowski, A | 1 |
| Chen, B; Hu, L; Mai, N; Ning, Y; Shang, D; Wen, Y; Wu, Y; Zhang, M; Zhong, X | 1 |
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| Caso, JR; García-Bueno, B; Leza, JC; Madrigal, JLM; Martín-Hernández, D; Tendilla-Beltrán, H | 1 |
| Cline, MA; Kadomoto, Y; Khan, MSI; Makino, R; Tachibana, T | 1 |
| Carvalho, LA; Clarke, G; Díaz, LE; Gómez-Martínez, S; Marcos, A; Michels, N; Olavarria-Ramirez, L; Widhalm, K | 1 |
| Allers, KA; Doolin, K; Farrell, C; Frodl, T; Harkin, A; Liesener, A; O'Hanlon, E; O'Keane, V; Pleiner, S; Roddy, D; Tozzi, L | 1 |
| Cui, T; Du, TT; Huang, D; Jiang, XH; Qiu, HM; Wang, NR | 1 |
| Arnone, D; Dantzer, R; Salem, H; Saraykar, S; Selvaraj, S; Teixeira, AL | 1 |
| Kanchanatawan, B; Maes, M | 1 |
| Inglot, M; Laskus, T; Malyszczak, K; Pawlak, D; Pawlowski, T; Radkowski, M; Zalewska, M | 1 |
| Bryn, V; Halvorsen, B; Isaksen, J; Maes, M; Ormstad, H; Saugstad, OD; Skjeldal, OH; Verkerk, R | 1 |
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| Boeira, SP; de Gomes, MG; Del Fabbro, L; Donato, F; Filho, CB; Goes, AR; Jesse, CR; Puntel, RL; Souza, LC | 1 |
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| Chen, L; Li, H; Li, M; Liu, W; Ning, Y; Wang, C; Zhan, Y; Zheng, W; Zhou, Y | 1 |
| Chen, L; Li, H; Liu, W; Ning, Y; Wang, C; Zhan, Y; Zheng, W; Zhou, Y | 1 |
| Carrillo Mora, P; García Muñoz, I; García-Juárez, B; Gómez-Manzo, S; González-Esquivel, D; Jiménez Herrera, B; Marcial-Quino, J; Pérez de la Cruz, G; Pérez de la Cruz, V; Pineda, B; Ramírez-Ortega, D; Ramos-Chávez, LA; Ríos, C; Roldán-Roldán, G; Sánchez Chapul, L | 1 |
| Baldessarini, RJ; Comparelli, A; Corigliano, V; Curto, M; Fazio, F; Ferracuti, S; Lionetto, L; Nicoletti, F; Simmaco, M | 1 |
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| Gasior, M; Kocki, T; Mitosek-Szewczyk, K; Tulidowicz-Bielak, M; Turski, WA; Wróbel-Dudzińska, D; Żarnowska, I | 1 |
| Kubo, H; Morikawa, M; Mouri, A; Nabeshima, T; Nakamura, Y; Okada, T; Ozaki, N; Saito, K; Shiino, T; Teshigawara, T; Yamamoto, Y | 1 |
| Han, XM; Lu, YN; Qin, YJ; Rang, Y; Wang, NX; Zhai, XJ; Zhang, XL; Zhu, Y | 1 |
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| Cho, JH; Eisenberger, NI; Faull, K; Hwang, L; Irwin, MR; Kruse, JL; Olmstead, R | 1 |
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| Rachwał, K; Sadok, I; Staniszewska, M | 1 |
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| Gelpi, M; Lebech, AM; Lundgren, J; Midttun, Ø; Mocroft, A; Nielsen, SD; Trøseid, M; Ueland, PM; Ullum, H | 1 |
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| Allers, KA; Harkin, A; McLoughlin, DM; Ryan, KM | 1 |
| Araos, P; Campos-Cloute, R; Castilla-Ortega, E; Colado, MI; García-Marchena, N; O'Shea, E; Pavón, FJ; Pedraz, M; Rodríguez de Fonseca, F; Ruiz, JJ; Santín, LJ; Serrano, A; Suárez, J; Vidal, R | 1 |
| Ballard, ED; Deng, ZD; Farmer, CA; Gold, PW; Henter, ID; Kadriu, B; Kraus, C; Machado-Vieira, R; Moaddel, R; Park, LT; Shovestul, B; Yuan, P; Zarate, CA | 1 |
| Savina, ED; Sherin, PS; Tsentalovich, YP | 1 |
| Baer, W; Felger, JC; Goldsmith, DR; Haroon, E; Miller, AH; Patel, T; Welle, JR; Woolwine, BJ | 1 |
| Chen, X; Chen, Y; Gui, S; Liu, L; Liu, Y; Pu, J; Ran, Y; Song, X; Tian, L; Wang, H; Xie, P; Xu, S; Yang, L; Yu, Y; Zhang, H; Zheng, P; Zhong, X | 1 |
| Bloch, W; Hardt, L; Joisten, N; Kiesl, D; Knoop, A; Koliamitra, C; Kummerhoff, F; Metcalfe, AJ; Schenk, A; Thevis, M; Walzik, D; Zimmer, P | 1 |
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| Frye, RF; Garrett, TJ; Shoulders, BR; Singh, S; Solberg, LM; Voils, SA | 1 |
| Langner, E; Makuch-Kocka, A; Plech, T; Pożarowski, P; Szalast, K; Walczak, K | 1 |
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| Cseh, EK; Klivényi, P; Körtési, T; Nánási, N; Párdutz, Á; Polyák, H; Tajti, J; Vécsei, L; Veres, G; Zádori, D | 1 |
| Fan, N; Lu, H; Luo, Y; Ni, X; Wen, Y; Zhang, M; Zhang, Z | 1 |
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| Anderson, JF; Dahmani, M; Neelakanta, G; Sultana, H | 1 |
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| Amin, SG; Dong, F; Gowda, K; Hao, F; Koo, I; Kris-Etherton, PM; Murray, IA; Patterson, AD; Perdew, GH; Smith, PB; Tindall, AM | 1 |
| Baumgartner, R; Berg, M; Forteza, MJ; Hansson, GK; Hedin, U; Hjorth, SA; Ketelhuth, DFJ; Matic, L; Paulsson-Berne, G; Polyzos, KP; Schwartz, TW | 1 |
| Cuellar Leal, VA; Dantzer, R; de Dios, C; Hunt, C; Macedo E Cordeiro, T; Selvaraj, S; Soares, JC; Suchting, R; Teixeira, AL | 1 |
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| Bartoli, F; Callovini, T; Carrà, G; Cavaleri, D; Cioni, RM; Crocamo, C; Misiak, B; Savitz, JB | 1 |
| Abuşoğlu, S; Akça, ÖF; Baysal, T; Bilgiç, A; Oflaz, MB; Sadıç Çelikkol, Ç; Sivrikaya, A; Ünlü, A | 1 |
| Benevenuto, D; Fries, GR; Kahlon, R; Kazimi, IF; Kurian, S; Quevedo, J; Saxena, J; Saxena, K; Scaini, G; Soares, JC; Valvassori, SS; Zeni, CP | 1 |
| Becker, LB; Choi, J; Choudhary, RC; Hayashida, K; Kim, J; Kim, N; Nishikimi, M; Shoaib, M; Stevens, JF; Yagi, T; Yin, T | 1 |
| Brundin, L; Erhardt, S; Khanlarkhani, N; Landén, M; Pålsson, E; Schwieler, L; Sellgren, CM; Trepci, A | 1 |
| Bugajska, J; Inglot, M; Janocha-Litwin, J; Malyszczak, K; Marciniak, D; Pawlak, D; Pawlowski, T; Zalewska, M | 1 |
| Dei Cas, M; Foschino, R; Iriti, M; Laganaro, A; Paroni, R; Vigentini, I; Vitalini, S | 1 |
| Avitabile, T; Choragiewicz, T; Fiedorowicz, M; Grieb, P; Kamińska, A; Kocki, T; Nowakowska, D; Rejdak, R; Toro, MD; Turski, WA; Wertejuk, K; Wełniak-Kaminska, M; Zweifel, S | 1 |
| Plech, T; Szelest, M; Walczak, K | 1 |
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| Chiappelli, J; Cui, Y; Hong, LE; Huang, J; Kochunov, P; Tan, S; Tan, Y; Tian, B; Tian, L; Tong, J; Wang, Z; Yang, F; Zhang, P; Zhou, Y | 1 |
| Bartoli, F; Callovini, T; Carrà, G; Cavaleri, D; Cioni, RM; Crocamo, C | 1 |
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| Broadhurst, DI; Cai, Y; Casanovas-Massana, A; Israelow, B; Iwasaki, A; Johnson, CH; Khan, SA; Kim, DJ; Klein, J; Ko, AI; Lucas, C; Ma, S; Mao, T; Moore, AJ; Muenker, MC; Oh, JE; Rattray, NJW; Silva, J; Takahashi, T; Wong, P; Yan, H | 1 |
| Allers, KA; Beekman, ATF; Giltay, EJ; Keller, S; Milaneschi, Y; Niessen, HG; Penninx, BWJH; Schoevers, RA; Süssmuth, SD | 1 |
| Braidy, N; Guillemin, GJ; Joisten, N; Ruas, JL; Zimmer, P | 1 |
| Gu, Y; Ji, C; Jie, X; Liu, X; Lu, Z; Mo, Y; Wang, L | 1 |
| Morozova, OB; Sherin, PS; Yurkovskaya, AV | 1 |
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| Chen, W; Fang, J; Feng, C; Han, Y; Hou, P; Liu, Z; Melino, G; Shao, C; Shi, Y; Verkhratsky, A; Wang, Y; Xu, C; Zuo, M | 1 |
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| Ataei, S; Azcarate-Peril, A; Carroll, I; Fransson, E; Jin, W; Kimmel, M; Knickmeyer, R; Lun, K; Meltzer-Brody, S; Plantinga, A; Rackers, H; Wu, M; Xia, K | 1 |
| Butler, MI; Clarke, G; Cryan, JF; Dinan, TG; Long-Smith, C; Moloney, GM; Morkl, S; O'Mahony, SM | 1 |
| Giltay, EJ; Hebbrecht, K; Morrens, M; Sabbe, B; van den Ameele, S; van Nuijs, ALN | 1 |
| Fukushima, T; Onozato, M; Sakamoto, T; Umino, M | 1 |
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| Cai, H; Cao, T; Chen, Q; Jiao, S; Wang, L; Wu, X; Yang, C; Yang, D; Yang, P; Zeng, C; Zhang, S; Zhu, Z | 1 |
| Al-Hakeim, HK; Almulla, AF; Maes, M; Solmi, M; Tunvirachaisakul, C; Vasupanrajit, A; Verkerk, R | 1 |
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| Beyeh, NK; Haddad, A; Karle, A; Sabbagh, N; Szczęśniak, MM; Taimoory, SM; Trant, JF; Trivedi, E; Twum, K | 1 |
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| Abusoglu, S; Eryavuz Onmaz, D; Kuzu, M; Sivrikaya, A; Tezcan, D; Unlu, A; Yerlikaya, FH; Yilmaz, S | 1 |
| Betti, L; Carmassi, C; Carpita, B; Cremone, IM; Dell'Osso, L; Giannaccini, G; Massimetti, G; Nardi, B; Palego, L | 1 |
| Boos, D; Chuang, TD; Khorram, O; Quintanilla, D | 1 |
| Li, R; Long, X; Mu, L; Qiao, J; Wang, S; Zhang, C; Zhang, Y; Zhao, Y | 1 |
| Al-Hakeim, HK; Almulla, AF; Amrapala, A; Jaleel, AKA; Maes, M; Oxenkrug, G; Supasitthumrong, T; Tunvirachaisakul, C | 1 |
| Buyukkoruk, M; Candansayar, S; Deveci-Bulut, TS; Gulbahar, O; Kucukkarapinar, M; Senol, E; Yay-Pence, A; Yaz-Aydin, G; Yildiz, Y | 1 |
| Arakawa, M; Miyake, Y; Okubo, H; Sasaki, S; Tanaka, K | 1 |
| Dai, M; Huang, X; Jiang, Z; Kou, S; Li, X; Sun, L; Wang, Q | 1 |
| Arnhard, K; Fuchs, D; Geisler, S; Gleissenthall, GV; Kemmler, G; Mechtcheriakov, S; Oberacher, H; Schurr, T; Unterberger, C | 1 |
| Yamamoto, T | 1 |
| Błońska, A; Chojnacki, C; Chojnacki, J; Konrad, P; Medrek-Socha, M; Poplawski, T; Przybylowska-Sygut, K | 1 |
| Deng, P; Jiang, H; Li, K; Long, D; Peng, J; Wang, K; Zeng, J | 1 |
| Budzynska, B; Kaszubska, K; Kotlinska, JH; Lemieszek, MK; Marciniak, S; Marszalek-Grabska, M; Rzeski, W; Turski, WA; Winiarczyk, S; Zakrocka, I | 1 |
| Chen, L; Chen, Y; Li, H; Sun, D; Xiang, K; Yang, Y; Zhang, J | 1 |
| Chen, GJ; Feng, R; Kong, L; Liu, KY; Sang, YR; Tao, FB; Wang, S; Yu, SX | 1 |
| Andrea, G; Cristina, B; Fabio, T; Luca, P; M C, BJ; Nicoletta, B; Sara, C; Silvia, A; Silvio, B; Veronica, R | 1 |
| Chen, S; Chen, Z; Li, Q; Lin, S; Tao, Y; Tong, Y; Wang, P; Wang, T; Xu, Z | 1 |
| Antony, J; Ardern-Holmes, S; Bandodkar, S; Dale, RC; Gill, D; Guillemin, GJ; Guller, A; Gupta, S; Han, VX; Heng, B; Innes, EA; Jones, HF; Kothur, K; Menezes, MP; Mohammad, S; Patel, S; Pires, AS; Tantsis, E; Troedson, C; Tsang, E; Webster, R; Wienholt, L; Yan, J | 1 |
| Al-Hakeim, HK; Almulla, AF; Maes, M; Oxenkrug, G; Thipakorn, Y; Tunvirachaisakul, C; Vasupanrajit, A | 1 |
| Paluszkiewicz, P; Parada-Turska, J; Turska, M; Turski, WA | 1 |
| Fathi, M; Hajibeygi, R; Jazi, K; Klegeris, A; McElhinney, A; Sayehmiri, F; Shool, S; Sodeifian, F; Tavasol, A; Tavirani, MR; Vakili, K; Yaghoobpoor, S | 1 |
| Chen, B; Cheng, L; Gao, X; Han, L; Li, J; Wang, C; Wang, L; Wang, M; Zhang, Z | 1 |
| An, H; Bai, L; Fan, H; Ma, B; Ma, T; Qi, S; Wang, Z; Yang, F; Yun, Y; Zhang, Q; Zhao, W | 1 |
| Anderson, EW; Aranow, C; Arazi, A; Diamond, B; Furie, RA; Goodwin, S; Jin, Y; Mackay, M; Roeser, J; Shih, A; Volpe, B | 1 |
| Guan, Q; Han, Q; Liao, C; Wang, G; Yang, C; Zhao, J | 1 |
| Fathi, M; Hajiesmaeili, M; Jazi, K; Klegeris, A; Mafi, Z; McElhinney, A; Mohamadkhani, A; Sayehmiri, F; Tavasol, A; Vakili, K; Yaghoobpoor, S | 1 |
| Banerjee, J; Chandra, PS; Dey, S; Dixit, AB; Dubey, V; Tripathi, M | 1 |
| Coico, R; Pato, M; Sales, PMG; Schrage, E | 1 |
| Körtési, T; Spekker, E; Vécsei, L | 1 |
| Bours, MJL; Breukink, SO; Brezina, S; Eussen, SJPM; Gigic, B; Gsur, A; Holthuijsen, DDB; Janssen-Heijnen, MLG; Keulen, ETP; Kok, DE; Midttun, Ø; Ose, J; Roekel, EHV; Ueland, PM; Ulrich, CM; Weijenberg, MP | 1 |
| Ageev, AA; Appolonova, SA; Belenkov, YN; Korobkova, EO; Kozhevnikova, MV; Krivova, AV; Moskaleva, NE; Privalova, EV; Shestakova, KM | 1 |
| Bolaños-Jiménez, F; Croyal, M; García Santillán, JA; Gourdel, M; Mezo-González, CE; Reyes-Castro, LA | 1 |
| Allers, KA; Beutel, ME; Borta, A; Koeck, T; Lackner, K; Michal, M; Münzel, T; Niessen, HG; Schulz, A; Schuster, AK; Strauch, K; Süssmuth, SD; Wild, PS; Zahn, D | 1 |
| Andersen, ML; Eggertsen, PP; Hansen, J; Nielsen, JF; Olsen, RKJ; Palmfeldt, J | 1 |
| Blasiak, J; Chojnacki, C; Chojnacki, M; Fila, M; Gąsiorowska, A; Konrad, P; Popławski, T | 1 |
| Błońska, A; Chojnacki, C; Chojnacki, M; Konrad, P; Podogrocki, M; Poplawski, T | 1 |
| Cao, H; Chen, X; Gao, X; Gong, Z; Huang, P; Huang, Y; Li, Y; Lun, J; Zhou, B; Zhou, C; Zou, J | 1 |
| Janáky, T; Körtési, T; Nánási, N; Szok, D; Tajti, J; Tömösi, F; Tuka, B; Vécsei, L; Veréb, D | 1 |
| Adhikari, BM; Buchanan, RW; Chen, S; Hare, SM; Kane-Gerard, S; Kelly, DL; Mo, C; Notarangelo, FM; Rowland, LM; Sathyasaikumar, KV; Schwarcz, R; Seneviratne, C; Wijtenburg, SA | 1 |
| Huang, S; Li, L; Shang, D; Wang, Z; Wen, Y | 1 |
| Chen, J; Fang, X; Ling, Y; Liu, S; Su, KP; Tang, W; Wang, G; Wang, Y; Yang, Y; Zhang, C; Zhang, X; Zhou, C | 1 |
| Bi, Y; Chen, Y; Ju, Y; Li, L; Liao, M; Liu, B; Liu, J; Ma, M; Ou, W; Qin, Y; Zhang, Y | 1 |
| Abusoglu, S; Ekmekci, AH; Isık, SMT; Onmaz, DE; Ozturk, S; Unlu, A | 1 |
| Deuschle, M; Fornal, E; Gilles, M; Kozub, A; Lamadé, EK; Marszalek-Grabska, M; Pedraz-Petrozzi, B; Stachniuk, A; Szalaj, K; Trzpil, A; Turski, WA | 1 |
| Ashida, H; Harada, Y; Kanai, T; Koda, Y; Melhem, H; Mikami, Y; Miyamoto, K; Nemoto, Y; Niess, JH; Okamoto, R; Sato, T; Sujino, T; Suzuki, S; Suzuki, T; Tanaka, KF; Teratani, T; Tomura, M; Yonemoto, Y; Yoshimatsu, Y; Yoshimura, A | 1 |
| Bigelman, E; Dassa, B; Dorot, O; Entin-Meer, M; Itkin, M; Keren, G; Kleinberg, Y; Malitsky, S; Pasmanik-Chor, M; Pichinuk, E | 1 |
| Bjørke-Monsen, AL; Ebbing, C; Sakkestad, ST; Ueland, PM; Ulvik, A; Varsi, K | 1 |
| Ang, K; Ching, J; Gurung, RL; Kestenbaum, BR; Kovalik, JP; Lee, J; Lee, LS; Lim, SC; Liu, JJ; Liu, S; M, Y; Shao, YM; Sharma, K; Subramaniam, T; Sum, CF; Wee, HN; Zheng, H | 1 |
| Berkecz, R; Domoki, F; Körmöczi, T; Kovács, V; Remzső, G; Tóth-Szűki, V; Vécsei, L | 1 |
| Davison, AS; Goodacre, R; Kell, DB; Roberts, I; Taylor, JM; Winder, CL; Wright Muelas, M | 1 |
| Al-Hakeim, HK; Jasim, ZA; Stanek, A; Zolghadri, S | 1 |
| Bours, MJL; Breukink, SO; Eussen, SJPM; Gsur, A; Holthuijsen, DDB; Janssen-Heijnen, MLG; Keulen, ETP; Kok, DE; Ueland, PM; Ulvik, A; van Roekel, EH; Weijenberg, MP | 1 |
41 review(s) available for kynurenic acid and tryptophan
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Testing the functional capacity of the tryptophan-niacin pathway in man by analysis of urinary metabolites.
Topics: Adult; Amides; Amines; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Equipment and Supplies; Female; Hormones; Humans; Indican; Ion Exchange Resins; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Methods; Niacinamide; Nicotinic Acids; Phenols; Pregnancy; Pyridoxine; Spectrophotometry; Tryptophan; Vitamins; Xanthurenates | 1965 |
Quantitative aspects of tryptophan metabolism in humans and other species: a review.
Topics: Age Factors; Amides; Animals; Carbon Isotopes; Cats; Dogs; Female; Glucuronates; Glycine; Hippurates; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Indican; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Lysine; Male; Mice; Niacinamide; Nicotinic Acids; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pyridines; Pyridones; Pyridoxine; Rats; Serotonin; Sex Factors; Species Specificity; Swine; Time Factors; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1971 |
The role of urinary tryptophan metabolites in the etiology of bladder cancer.
Topics: Alcohols; Amino Acids; Animals; Carcinogens; Ethers; Female; Humans; Indican; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Mice; Mucous Membrane; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Phenylbutyrates; Quinolines; Rats; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Xanthurenates | 1971 |
[Consideration on tryptophan metabolism].
Topics: Animals; Carotenoids; Cats; Epinephrine; Histamine; Indoleacetic Acids; Kynurenic Acid; Melatonin; Norepinephrine; Pigmentation Disorders; Rats; Serotonin; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1971 |
[Microanalysis of tryptophan metabolites].
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Animals; Fluorometry; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Mice; Microchemistry; Tryptophan; Ultraviolet Rays; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms | 1997 |
Endogenous kynurenines as targets for drug discovery and development.
Topics: Animals; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Design; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Signal Transduction; Technology, Pharmaceutical; Tryptophan | 2002 |
Basic science behind the catastrophic epilepsies.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Child; Child, Preschool; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; N-Methylaspartate; Quinolinic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serotonin; Spasms, Infantile; Tryptophan | 2004 |
Integrative hypothesis for Huntington's disease: a brief review of experimental evidence.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Excitatory Amino Acids; Humans; Huntington Disease; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Neurons; Nitro Compounds; Oxidative Stress; Propionates; Quinolinic Acid; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Trinucleotide Repeats; Tryptophan | 2007 |
The immunological basis of glutamatergic disturbance in schizophrenia: towards an integrated view.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Astrocytes; Brain; Carrier Proteins; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; Cytokines; Dinoprostone; Dopamine; Dysbindin; Dystrophin-Associated Proteins; Glutamine; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenic Acid; Neuregulins; Psychoneuroimmunology; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase | 2007 |
Kynurenines in chronic neurodegenerative disorders: future therapeutic strategies.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Mitochondrial Diseases; NAD; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2009 |
Kynurenine pathway in schizophrenia: pathophysiological and therapeutic aspects.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Mice; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Synaptic Transmission; Tryptophan | 2011 |
The kynurenine pathway in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanistic and therapeutic considerations.
Topics: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Huntington Disease; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Microglia; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Parkinson Disease; Quinolinic Acid; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tryptophan | 2012 |
An expanding range of targets for kynurenine metabolites of tryptophan.
Topics: Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Oxidation-Reduction; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2013 |
[New findings in the study of the pathogenesis and treatment of endogenous depression].
Topics: Biomarkers; Cytokines; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Tryptophan | 2012 |
Scavenging of reactive oxygen species by tryptophan metabolites helps Pseudomonas aeruginosa escape neutrophil killing.
Topics: Cystic Fibrosis; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrolases; Immune Evasion; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Neutrophils; Oxygen Consumption; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tryptophan | 2014 |
Ischemic Stroke and Kynurenines: Medicinal Chemistry Aspects.
Topics: Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Quinolinic Acids; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Stroke; Tryptophan | 2018 |
Organ Co-Relationship in Tryptophan Metabolism and Factors That Govern the Biosynthesis of Nicotinamide from Tryptophan.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-Dioxygenase; 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Animals; Diet; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; Niacinamide; Nutritional Status; Pentosyltransferases; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan; Vitamin B Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 2018 |
Role of Kynurenine pathway and its metabolites in mood disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies.
Topics: Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Mood Disorders; Quinolinic Acid; Serotonin; Signal Transduction; Tryptophan | 2018 |
An integrated meta-analysis of peripheral blood metabolites and biological functions in major depressive disorder.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tryptophan | 2021 |
Tryptophan metabolites modify brain Aβ peptide degradation: A role in Alzheimer's disease?
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Neprilysin; Tryptophan | 2020 |
Systematic Review of the Kynurenine Pathway and Psychoneurological Symptoms Among Adult Cancer Survivors.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Cancer Survivors; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Tryptophan | 2020 |
Effect of immune activation on the kynurenine pathway and depression symptoms - A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Topics: Depression; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Prospective Studies; Tryptophan | 2020 |
Blood-based kynurenine pathway alterations in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Quinolinic Acid; Schizophrenia; Tryptophan | 2020 |
The kynurenine pathway in bipolar disorder: a meta-analysis on the peripheral blood levels of tryptophan and related metabolites.
Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Observational Studies as Topic; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2021 |
A New Insight into the Potential Role of Tryptophan-Derived AhR Ligands in Skin Physiological and Pathological Processes.
Topics: Animals; Carbazoles; Chloracne; Dermatitis, Atopic; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Ligands; Melanoma; Mice; Microbiota; Oxidative Stress; Psoriasis; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; Skin; Skin Diseases; Skin Neoplasms; Skin Physiological Phenomena; Tryptophan; Vitiligo | 2021 |
Dysregulation of kynurenine pathway and potential dynamic changes of kynurenine in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Topics: Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Quinolinic Acid; Schizophrenia; Tryptophan | 2021 |
Tryptophan Catabolites in Bipolar Disorder: A Meta-Analysis.
Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Depression; Humans; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tryptophan | 2021 |
The kynurenine pathway in chronic diseases: a compensatory mechanism or a driving force?
Topics: Chronic Disease; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2021 |
Redressing the interactions between stem cells and immune system in tissue regeneration.
Topics: Animals; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Cell Differentiation; Cell Proliferation; COVID-19; Humans; Immune System; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Inflammation; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; Interferon-gamma; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Macrophages; Mice; Muscles; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; Regeneration; Stem Cells; Tryptophan; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2021 |
A review of chromatographic methods for bioactive tryptophan metabolites, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, quinolinic acid, and others, in biological fluids.
Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2022 |
The tryptophan catabolite or kynurenine pathway in schizophrenia: meta-analysis reveals dissociations between central, serum, and plasma compartments.
Topics: Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Quinolinic Acid; Schizophrenia; Tryptophan | 2022 |
The Tryptophan Catabolite or Kynurenine Pathway in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Topics: Aged; Alzheimer Disease; Brain; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Kynurenine-3-monooxygenase (KMO): From its biological functions to therapeutic effect in diseases progression.
Topics: Disease Progression; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Tryptophan | 2022 |
The Tryptophan Catabolite or Kynurenine Pathway in a Major Depressive Episode with Melancholia, Psychotic Features and Suicidal Behaviors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Topics: Albumins; Amino Acids; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Quinolinic Acids; Suicidal Ideation; Tryptophan | 2022 |
A Review of the Health Benefits of Food Enriched with Kynurenic Acid.
Topics: Brain; Food; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Dynamic changes in metabolites of the kynurenine pathway in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease: A systematic Review and meta-analysis.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Adenosine; Alzheimer Disease; Humans; Huntington Disease; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; NAD; Niacinamide; Parkinson Disease; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Dynamic changes in kynurenine pathway metabolites in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review.
Topics: Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Multiple Sclerosis; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Linking nervous and immune systems in psychiatric illness: A meta-analysis of the kynurenine pathway.
Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Immune System; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tryptophan | 2023 |
Exploring the Tryptophan Metabolic Pathways in Migraine-Related Mechanisms.
Topics: Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Migraine Disorders; Pain; Serotonin; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Kynurenine metabolite changes in individuals with alcohol use disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Topics: Alcoholism; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tryptophan | 2023 |
The kynurenine pathway in major depressive disorder under different disease states: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Topics: Biomarkers; Depression; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2023 |
19 trial(s) available for kynurenic acid and tryptophan
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Pyridoxine treatment of childhood bronchial asthma.
Topics: Adolescent; Asthma; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Placebos; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1975 |
Metabolism of tryptophan and niacin in oral contraceptives users receiving controlled intakes of vitamin B6.
Topics: Contraceptives, Oral; Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Nicotinic Acids; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1975 |
Studies on tryptophan metabolism in male subjects treated with female sex hormones.
Topics: Aminohippuric Acids; Chlorotrianisene; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diethylstilbestrol; Glucuronates; Humans; Indican; Isonicotinic Acids; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Mestranol; Niacinamide; Norethindrone; Norethynodrel; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Progestins; Prostatic Diseases; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Prostatitis; Pyridones; Pyridoxine; Spectrophotometry; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Xanthurenates | 1970 |
Tryptophan metabolism during infectious illness in man.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aminohippuric Acids; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diazonium Compounds; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Phlebotomus Fever; Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever; Tryptophan; Tularemia; Typhoid Fever; Xanthurenates | 1970 |
Vitamin B6 status and static muscle function. 2 case reports.
Topics: Adult; Contraceptives, Oral; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Menstruation; Muscle Contraction; Muscles; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1984 |
The clinical significance of disordered renal excretion of xanthurenic acid in depressive patients.
Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Time Factors; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1981 |
Tryptophan metabolites, pyridoxine (vitamin B6) and their influence on the recurrence rate of superficial bladder cancer. Results of a prospective, randomised phase III study performed by the EORTC GU Group. EORTC Genito-Urinary Tract Cancer Cooperative G
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antineoplastic Agents; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Double-Blind Method; Europe; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Prognosis; Proportional Hazards Models; Prospective Studies; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Xanthurenates | 1995 |
IDO and interferon-alpha-induced depressive symptoms: a shift in hypothesis from tryptophan depletion to neurotoxicity.
Topics: Adult; Depression; Dioxygenases; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hepatitis C, Chronic; Humans; Immunotherapy; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Interferon-alpha; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Tryptophan | 2005 |
Interferon-beta affects the tryptophan metabolism in multiple sclerosis patients.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adult; Chromatography; Female; Humans; Interferon-beta; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting; Time Factors; Tryptophan | 2005 |
Treatment with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor is associated with reduced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity and kynurenine pathway catabolites in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock.
Topics: Aged; Calcitonin; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; HLA-DR Antigens; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Placebos; Protein Precursors; Quinolinic Acid; Sepsis; Serotonin; Shock, Septic; Treatment Outcome; Tryptophan | 2010 |
Does acute tryptophan depletion affect peripheral serotonin metabolism in the intestine?
Topics: Adult; Central Nervous System; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Serotonin; Tryptophan; Young Adult | 2012 |
Supplementing healthy women with up to 5.0 g/d of L-tryptophan has no adverse effects.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Biomarkers; Body Mass Index; Cross-Over Studies; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Niacinamide; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Placebos; Tryptophan; Young Adult | 2013 |
Plasma kynurenic acid/tryptophan ratio: a sensitive and reliable biomarker for the assessment of renal function.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Kidney Function Tests; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Tryptophan | 2013 |
Metabolite profile analysis reveals association of vitamin B-6 with metabolites related to one-carbon metabolism and tryptophan catabolism but not with biomarkers of inflammation in oral contraceptive users and reveals the effects of oral contraceptives o
Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Carbon; Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Metabolome; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Tryptophan; United States; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency | 2015 |
Effect of l-tryptophan and its metabolites on food passage from the crop in chicks.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Alanine; Animals; Asparagine; Chickens; Crop, Avian; Gastrointestinal Motility; Glycine; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2018 |
Kynurenine metabolism and inflammation-induced depressed mood: A human experimental study.
Topics: Adult; Affect; Cytokines; Depression; Endotoxins; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Quinolinic Acid; Sex Factors; Tryptophan; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2019 |
Exercise and the Kynurenine pathway: Current state of knowledge and results from a randomized cross-over study comparing acute effects of endurance and resistance training.
Topics: Adult; Cross-Over Studies; Endurance Training; Exercise; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Interleukin-6; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Male; Quinolinic Acid; Resistance Training; Transaminases; Tryptophan | 2020 |
Effects of dietary tryptophan supplementation on body temperature, hormone, and cytokine levels in broilers exposed to acute heat stress.
Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Body Temperature; Chickens; Cytokines; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Dioxygenases; Female; Heat Stress Disorders; Heat-Shock Response; Hormones; Hot Temperature; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Serotonin; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Tryptophan challenge in individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls: acute effects on circulating kynurenine and kynurenic acid, cognition and cerebral blood flow.
Topics: Animals; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cognition; Cross-Over Studies; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Schizophrenia; Tryptophan | 2023 |
461 other study(ies) available for kynurenic acid and tryptophan
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Chemical genetics reveals a complex functional ground state of neural stem cells.
Topics: Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Mice; Molecular Structure; Neoplasms; Neurons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Sensitivity and Specificity; Stem Cells | 2007 |
[Studies on tryptophan metabolism in untreated phenylketonuric patients].
Topics: Acetophenones; Adolescent; Adult; Biotransformation; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Niacinamide; Nicotinic Acids; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Phenylalanine; Phenylketonurias; Quinolines; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1975 |
A defect in tryptophan metabolism.
Topics: Cerebellar Ataxia; Child; Chromatography, Paper; Drug Eruptions; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Nicotinic Acids; Photosensitivity Disorders; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1976 |
Influence of riboflavin on disturbances in trytophan metabolism and hepatoma production after a single dose of aflatoxin B1.
Topics: Aflatoxins; Animals; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Female; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; Liver Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; Rats; Riboflavin; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Xanthurenates | 1975 |
[Tryptophan metabolic indices in allergic dermatoses].
Topics: Chronic Disease; Dermatitis, Atopic; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Prurigo; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Tryptophan; Urticaria; Xanthurenates | 1979 |
The vitamin B6 requirement in oral contraceptive users. II. Assessment by tryptophan metabolites, vitamin B6, and pyridoxic acid levels in urine.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Contraceptives, Oral; Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic; Female; Humans; Isonicotinic Acids; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Nutritional Requirements; Pyridoxic Acid; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1979 |
Relationship between tryptophan intake and urinary excretion of 3-hydroxy-kynurenine, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, xanthurenic acid and kynurenic acid.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Adult; Female; Humans; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1979 |
Tryptophan metabolism in animals with dermatitis. I) In Rats.
Topics: Animals; Dermatitis, Contact; Ficusin; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Photosensitivity Disorders; Rats; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1979 |
The spontaneous urinary excretion of tryptophan metabolites "via kynurenine" in women with regards to the prepuberty, sexual maturity and menopause.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aminohippuric Acids; Child; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Menopause; Middle Aged; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Puberty; Sexual Maturation; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1978 |
A further contribution to the choice of the dose for L-tryptophan load test.
Topics: Aminohippuric Acids; Body Weight; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Sex Factors; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1978 |
The effect of environment on tryptophan metabolism "via kynurenine" in oral contraceptives users.
Topics: Aminohippuric Acids; Contraceptives, Oral; Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; Environment; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Norethindrone; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pregnancy; Rural Population; Tryptophan; Urban Population; Xanthurenates | 1978 |
Influence of vitamin and amino acid supplements on tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism in South African Bantu.
Topics: Adult; Aminohippuric Acids; Ascorbic Acid; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Leucine; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pyridoxine; Racial Groups; Riboflavin; South Africa; Thiamine; Tryptophan; Vitamins; Xanthurenates | 1978 |
[Gas chromatographic analysis of the metabolites in the tryptophan-niacin cycle (author's transl)].
Topics: Chromatography, Gas; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Nicotinic Acids; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms | 1977 |
A new aspect of the urinary excretion of tryptophan metabolites in patients with cancer of the bladder.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Adult; Aged; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Creatinine; Female; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Sodium; Tryptophan; Urea; Ureteral Obstruction; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Xanthurenates | 1978 |
Pyridoxine deficiency: a new factor in diabetic neuropathy.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Diabetic Neuropathies; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1978 |
Effects of vitamin B-6 deficiency and tryptophan loading on urinary excretion of tryptophan metabolites in mammals.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Cricetinae; Diet; Female; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Pyridoxine; Quinolinic Acids; Rats; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1977 |
Effects of benserazide on tryptophan metabolism in the mouse.
Topics: Animals; Benserazide; Carbon Dioxide; Hydrazines; Hydrolases; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Time Factors; Transaminases; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Xanthurenates | 1977 |
[Relationship between tryptophan metabolism and the state of melaninogensis].
Topics: Animals; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Melanins; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Rabbits; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Xanthurenates | 1976 |
A mechanism for the formation in vivo of the 8-methyl ether of xanthurenic acid in humans.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Methionine; Methyl Ethers; Middle Aged; Pellagra; Scleroderma, Systemic; Time Factors; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1975 |
A new method for determination of urinary tryptophan metabolites in bladder carcinoma.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Xanthurenates | 1975 |
Tryptophane metabolism in bronchial asthma.
Topics: Adolescent; Asthma; Child; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1975 |
Plasma pyridoxal phosphate levels and tryptophan metabolism in children with burns and scalds.
Topics: Burns; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1975 |
[State of interstitial metabolism of tryptophan during pregnancy and labor in women having received estrogen-progestagenic preparations].
Topics: Adult; Contraceptives, Oral; Estradiol Congeners; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Labor, Obstetric; Middle Aged; Pregnancy; Progesterone Congeners; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Xanthurenates | 1975 |
[Hormonal contraception, tryptophan metabolism and depression].
Topics: Contraceptives, Oral; Depression; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1975 |
Old and new fields of research on the tryptophan.
Topics: Animals; Kynurenic Acid; Rats; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1975 |
Metabolism of D- and L-tryptophan in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Dogs; Feces; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Male; Pyruvates; Species Specificity; Stereoisomerism; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tryptophan | 1976 |
Alteration of mice L-tryptophan metabolism by the organophosphorous acid triester diazinon.
Topics: Animals; Arylformamidase; Diazinon; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Male; Mice; Models, Biological; NAD; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Xanthurenates | 1992 |
Kynurenic acid concentrations are reduced in Huntington's disease cerebral cortex.
Topics: Aged; Alzheimer Disease; Cerebral Cortex; Energy Metabolism; Free Radicals; Humans; Huntington Disease; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Purines; Tryptophan; Tyrosine | 1992 |
Nicotinylalanine increases the formation of kynurenic acid in the brain and antagonizes convulsions.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Extracellular Matrix; Hippocampus; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; Male; Niacin; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serine; Tryptophan | 1992 |
Effects of immune activation on quinolinic acid and neuroactive kynurenines in the mouse.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Brain; Immune System; Interferon-gamma; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Lipopolysaccharides; Lung; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Models, Biological; Pokeweed Mitogens; Quinolinic Acid; Recombinant Proteins; Tryptophan | 1992 |
Relationship of neurologic status in macaques infected with the simian immunodeficiency virus to cerebrospinal fluid quinolinic acid and kynurenic acid.
Topics: Animals; Atrophy; Brain; Cisterna Magna; Convulsants; Injections; Kynurenic Acid; Macaca mulatta; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus; Tryptophan | 1992 |
Nicotinylalanine increases cerebral kynurenic acid content and has anticonvulsant activity.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Chemistry; Electroshock; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Niacin; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Tryptophan | 1992 |
The regulation of brain kynurenic acid content: focus on indole-3-pyruvic acid.
Topics: Animals; Biological Clocks; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Enzyme Induction; Humans; Indoles; Interferon Inducers; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; Neurotoxins; Organ Specificity; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase | 1991 |
Is quinolinic acid an endogenous excitotoxin in alcohol withdrawal?
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Models, Neurological; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission; Tryptophan | 1991 |
Tryptophan metabolism in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Male; Mice; Niacinamide; Schistosomiasis mansoni; Serotonin; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1991 |
Kynurenines in the regulation of behavior in insects.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animal Communication; Animals; Bees; Behavior, Animal; Calmodulin; Drosophila melanogaster; Eye Color; Genes; Genotype; Insecta; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Learning; Phenothiazines; Stimulation, Chemical; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1991 |
Tryptophan metabolism in senile cataract patients assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography.
Topics: Aging; Cataract; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tryptophan | 1991 |
Indole-3-pyruvic acid as a direct precursor of kynurenic acid.
Topics: Animals; Depression, Chemical; Free Radical Scavengers; Indoles; Kynurenic Acid; Luminescent Measurements; Malondialdehyde; Models, Biological; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Rats; Tryptophan | 1991 |
Indolic and kynurenine pathway metabolites of tryptophan in rat brain: effect of precursor availability on in vivo release.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dialysis; Extracellular Space; Indoles; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serotonin; Tryptophan | 1991 |
Sustained increases in cerebrospinal fluid quinolinic acid concentrations in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) naturally infected with simian retrovirus type-D.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Kynurenic Acid; Macaca mulatta; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Reference Values; Retroviruses, Simian; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Tryptophan | 1990 |
Schistosoma mansoni: effects on tryptophan metabolism in mice.
Topics: Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Male; Mice; Niacinamide; Oxidation-Reduction; Pyridoxine; Schistosomiasis mansoni; Tryptophan | 1990 |
Neurotoxicity of tryptophan metabolites.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Kynurenic Acid; Male; NADP; Nervous System Diseases; Neurons; Picolinic Acids; Pyridines; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tryptophan | 1990 |
Kynurenine pathway measurements in Huntington's disease striatum: evidence for reduced formation of kynurenic acid.
Topics: Aged; Autopsy; Corpus Striatum; Female; Humans; Huntington Disease; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Putamen; Reference Values; Tryptophan; Tyrosine | 1990 |
Quinolinate-induced cortical cholinergic damage: modulation by tryptophan metabolites.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Acetylcholine; Animals; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Neurotoxins; Parietal Lobe; Picolinic Acids; Potassium; Quinolines; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tryptophan | 1990 |
Increased ratio of quinolinic acid to kynurenic acid in cerebrospinal fluid of D retrovirus-infected rhesus macaques: relationship to clinical and viral status.
Topics: Animals; Catecholamines; Kynurenic Acid; Macaca; Macaca mulatta; Pyridines; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Retroviridae Infections; Tryptophan | 1990 |
Cerebral synthesis and release of kynurenic acid: an endogenous antagonist of excitatory amino acid receptors.
Topics: Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Extracellular Space; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Lyases; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Transaminases; Tryptophan | 1990 |
Disturbances in tryptophan metabolism in rats following chronic dietary aflatoxin treatment.
Topics: Aflatoxins; Animals; Bile Ducts; Brain Chemistry; Cell Division; Diet; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Male; Precancerous Conditions; Rats; Serotonin; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase | 1985 |
Production of extracellular quinolinic acid in the striatum studied by microdialysis in unanesthetized rats.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Extracellular Space; Ibotenic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Pyridines; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tryptophan | 1989 |
Indolpyruvic acid administration increases the brain content of kynurenic acid. Is this a new avenue to modulate excitatory amino acid receptors in vivo?
Topics: Animals; Brain; Indoles; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; Male; Myocardium; Probenecid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Tryptophan | 1989 |
Kynurenine metabolism and xanthurenic acid formation in vitamin B6-deficient rat after tryptophan injection.
Topics: Animals; Hydrolases; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Lyases; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Transaminases; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1989 |
The effects of kynurenic acid, quinolinic acid and other metabolites of tryptophan on the development of the high pressure neurological syndrome in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System Diseases; High Pressure Neurological Syndrome; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Pyridines; Quinolinic Acids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tryptophan | 1989 |
Effect of tryptophan metabolites on the activities of rat liver pyridoxal kinase and pyridoxamine 5-phosphate oxidase in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; Male; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors; Phosphotransferases; Picolinic Acids; Pyridoxal Kinase; Pyridoxaminephosphate Oxidase; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tryptamines; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1985 |
The correlation between certain tryptophan metabolites and the N-nitrosamine content in the urine of bilharzial bladder cancer patients.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Adult; Aminohippuric Acids; Colorimetry; Humans; Indican; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Nitrosamines; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Schistosomiasis haematobia; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Xanthurenates | 1986 |
Increased urinary excretion of tryptophan metabolites in rats exposed to nitrogen dioxide.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; Male; NAD; NADP; Nitrogen Dioxide; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1988 |
Presence of kynurenic acid in the mammalian brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Brain Stem; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Frontal Lobe; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; Probenecid; Rabbits; Rats; Tissue Distribution; Tryptophan | 1988 |
Enzymatic studies on tryptophan metabolism disorder in rats chronically exposed to carbon disulfide.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Carbon Disulfide; Female; Kynurenic Acid; Lyases; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Transaminases; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1988 |
Effect of exposure to carbon disulfide on tryptophan metabolism and the tissue vitamin B6 contents of rats.
Topics: Animals; Carbon Disulfide; Female; Kynurenic Acid; Pyridoxic Acid; Pyridoxine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1987 |
Aromatic amino acid metabolites as potential protein binding inhibitors in human uremic plasma.
Topics: Amino Acids; Blood Proteins; Hippurates; Humans; Indoles; Kynurenic Acid; Protein Binding; Quinolines; Salicylates; Salicylic Acid; Serum Albumin; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tryptophan; Uremia; Warfarin; Xanthurenates | 1985 |
Differences in vitamin B6 status indicator responses between young and middle-aged women fed constant diets with two levels of vitamin B6.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Diet; Dietary Carbohydrates; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Middle Aged; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Pyridoxic Acid; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1985 |
Effects of tryptophan metabolites on enzymes of oxidative phosphorylation.
Topics: Acetoacetates; Adenine Nucleotides; Amino Acids; Animals; Antimycin A; Cyanides; Cytochromes; Depression, Chemical; Dicumarol; Hydroxybutyrates; In Vitro Techniques; Ketoglutaric Acids; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Manometry; Mitochondria, Liver; Mitochondria, Muscle; Myocardium; NAD; Nitriles; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Oxygen Consumption; Phenylbutyrates; Phenylhydrazines; Polarography; Rats; Rotenone; Spectrophotometry; Stimulation, Chemical; Temperature; Tryptophan; Uncoupling Agents; Xanthurenates | 1971 |
Photohemolytic activity of tryptophan and phenylalanine metabolites.
Topics: ABO Blood-Group System; Carotenoids; Depression, Chemical; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hemolysis; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Oxygen; Phenylalanine; Radiation Effects; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System; Spectrophotometry; Stimulation, Chemical; Sunlight; Tryptophan; Ultraviolet Rays | 1974 |
Enzymic demethylation of a carcinogenic tryptophan metabolite, 8-methoxykynurenic acid.
Topics: Animals; Carcinogens; Kidney; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; NAD; NADP; Organ Specificity; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating; Rats; Tryptophan | 1974 |
Effects of L-tryptophan load on the metabolism of tryptophan-2-C14 in man.
Topics: Aged; Aminohippuric Acids; Carbon Dioxide; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Niacinamide; Pyridines; Pyridones; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Xanthurenates | 1967 |
Tryptophan metabolism during the mid-period of embryonic development (chick).
Topics: Animals; Body Fluids; Chick Embryo; Chromatography, Gas; Chromatography, Paper; Hydrolases; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; Niacinamide; Nicotinic Acids; Pyridines; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1967 |
Vitamin B6 requirement of the mink.
Topics: Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Diet; Female; Growth; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mink; Niacinamide; Pyridoxine; Time Factors; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1968 |
Comparative tryptophan metabolism in cats and rats: differences in adaptation of tryptophan oxygenase and in vivo metabolism of tryptophan, kynurenine and hydroxykynurenine.
Topics: Amino Acids; Aminohippuric Acids; Animals; Cats; Enzyme Induction; Glucuronates; Hydrocortisone; Indican; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Niacinamide; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Phenylbutyrates; Rats; Species Specificity; Sulfates; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Xanthurenates | 1969 |
The excretion of 3-hydroxyanthranilic and quinolinic acid in Uganda Africans.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Creatinine; Diet; Edible Grain; Female; Fruit; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Manihot; Niacinamide; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Plants, Edible; Pyridines; Tryptophan; Uganda; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Xanthurenates | 1969 |
[Tryptophan metabolism in bladder carcinoma].
Topics: Aged; Animals; Autoradiography; Carcinoma; Chromatography; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Middle Aged; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Papilloma; Rats; Tritium; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Xanthurenates | 1970 |
Lack of effect of smoking on the excretion of tryptophan metabolites by man.
Topics: Adult; Aminohippuric Acids; Female; Glucuronates; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Niacinamide; Pyridinium Compounds; Smoking; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Xanthurenates | 1970 |
A disorder of tryptophan metabolism in chronic granulomatous disease.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Paper; Chronic Disease; Granuloma; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infections; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Lymphadenitis; Male; Niacinamide; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1970 |
The effect of tryptophan metabolites on brain 5-hydroxytryptamine metabolism.
Topics: Alanine; Allopurinol; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Carbon Isotopes; Carboxy-Lyases; Histamine; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Methanol; Methyldopa; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Niacinamide; Nicotinic Acids; Nitroglycerin; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Phenylalanine; Phenylbutyrates; Picolinic Acids; Pyridines; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Pyridoxine; Rats; Serotonin; Sulfuric Acids; Time Factors; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Xanthurenates | 1970 |
Conversion of D-tryptophan to nicotinic acid in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Deficiency Diseases; Indoles; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Male; Niacinamide; Nicotinic Acids; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pyruvates; Rats; Stereoisomerism; Sulfuric Acids; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1971 |
The influence of simultaneous administration of vitamin B 6 and nicotinamide on tryptophan metabolism in Hodgkin's disease.
Topics: Acylation; Administration, Oral; Aminohippuric Acids; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Hydroxylation; Infusions, Parenteral; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Methyl Ethers; Niacinamide; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1972 |
Tryptophan metabolism in man (with special reference to rheumatoid arthritis and scleroderma).
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Aspirin; Cystinuria; Drug Synergism; Edetic Acid; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Methods; Niacinamide; Penicillamine; Pyridoxine; Scleroderma, Systemic; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1973 |
Occurrence of N-formylkynurenine in extracts of Neurospora crassa: evidence for the activity of tryptophan pyrrolase.
Topics: Carbon Radioisotopes; Cell-Free System; Chromatography, Paper; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Culture Media; Filtration; Formates; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Neurospora; Neurospora crassa; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Stereoisomerism; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Xanthurenates | 1974 |
Studies with tryptophan metabolites in vitro. 3. The effect of schistosomicidal drugs on kynureninase and kynurenine transaminase of normal mouse liver.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Antimony; Benzenesulfonates; Calcium; Imidazoles; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Magnesium; Mice; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Tartrates; Transaminases; Tryptophan | 1969 |
Studies on tryptophan metabolism in male subjects treated with hydrocortisone.
Topics: Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; NAD; Pyridoxine; Statistics as Topic; Tryptophan | 1971 |
Abnormal tryptophan metabolism in patients with scurvy-type skin.
Topics: Acetates; Adult; Aminohippuric Acids; Black or African American; Black People; Ethnicity; Glucuronates; Hemosiderosis; Humans; Indoles; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; NAD; Niacinamide; Nicotinic Acids; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pyridines; Scurvy; South Africa; Sulfuric Acids; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1973 |
[Fluorescing substances from the Malpighian tubules of wild-type and various eye color mutants of Drosophila melanogaster].
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, Paper; Drosophila; Eye; Fluorescence; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Malpighian Tubules; Molecular Biology; Mutation; Pigments, Biological; Pteridines; Riboflavin; Spectrophotometry; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1968 |
Effect in man of the addition of tryptophan oniacin to the diet on the excretion of their metabolites.
Topics: Creatinine; Diet; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; NAD; NADP; Niacinamide; Nicotinic Acids; Nitrogen; Pyridones; Tryptophan; Urea; Xanthurenates | 1969 |
Effects of acetylsalicylic acid on serum protein binding and metabolism of tryptophan in man.
Topics: Adult; Aspirin; Blood Proteins; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Protein Binding; Renal Dialysis; Serum Albumin; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1971 |
Production of D-kynurenine and other metabolites from D-tryptophan by the intact rabbit and by rabbit tissue.
Topics: Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Chromatography, Paper; Colorimetry; D-Amino-Acid Oxidase; Deamination; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Intestine, Small; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Male; Pyruvates; Rabbits; Spectrophotometry; Spectrum Analysis; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase | 1971 |
Studies of tryptophan metabolism in experimental animals and man during infectious illness.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Adrenalectomy; Amino Acids; Aminohippuric Acids; Animals; Azo Compounds; Carbon Isotopes; Circadian Rhythm; Fasting; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Indican; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Leucine; Liver; Mice; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Phenylbutyrates; Phlebotomus Fever; Pneumococcal Infections; Protein Biosynthesis; Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever; Salmonella Infections; Salmonella typhi; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Typhoid Fever; Xanthurenates | 1971 |
Inversion in the metabolism of D-tryptophan in the rabbit and the rat.
Topics: Aerobiosis; Amination; Anaerobiosis; Animals; Chromatography, Paper; D-Amino-Acid Oxidase; Deamination; Diet; Indoles; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Male; Organ Specificity; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Oryza; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen Consumption; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Pyruvates; Rabbits; Rats; Species Specificity; Stereoisomerism; Tryptophan | 1971 |
Complexity of in vivo induction of tryptophan oxygenase and tyrosine aminotransferase: effects of tryptophan metabolites.
Topics: Animals; Carboxylic Acids; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Enzyme Induction; Hydrocortisone; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Picolinic Acids; Pyridines; Quinolines; Rats; Succinates; Theophylline; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Tyrosine Transaminase; Xanthurenates | 1972 |
Tryptophan metabolsim and serum fatty acids in acrodermatitis enteropathica.
Topics: Acrodermatitis; Adolescent; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Aminohippuric Acids; Arachidonic Acids; Child; Child, Preschool; Fatty Acids; Female; Humans; Indoles; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Linoleic Acids; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Paronychia; Pyridoxine; Quinolines; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1974 |
Tryptophan and methionine metabolism of adult females as affected by vitamin B-6 deficiency.
Topics: Adult; Body Weight; Cystathionine; Cysteine; Dietary Proteins; Female; Homocystine; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Methionine; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Pyridoxine; Sulfinic Acids; Taurine; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1974 |
Urinary excretion of tryptophan metabolites during phototherapy.
Topics: Aminohippuric Acids; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Hyperbilirubinemia; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Photochemistry; Phototherapy; Serotonin; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1974 |
Abnormalities of tryptophan metabolism (kynurenine pathway) found in a group of 830 mentally retarded children.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Paper; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Intellectual Disability; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Phenols; Pyridoxine; Spectrophotometry; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1974 |
Transamination of kynurenines.
Topics: Animals; Chickens; Grasshoppers; Horses; Humans; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Neurospora; Nicotinic Acids; Pyridoxine; Rats; Transaminases; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1974 |
An improved column chromatographic method for isolation of tryptophan metabolites.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Aldehydes; Amides; Animals; Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose; Colorimetry; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Indoleacetic Acids; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Methods; Nitriles; Rats; Serotonin; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Tryptamines; Tryptophan; Urea; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1972 |
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) and other indolealkylamines in the male reproductive tract of a nematode.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Histocytochemistry; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Indoleacetic Acids; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Nematoda; Serotonin; Tryptophan | 1973 |
Tryptophan metabolism in acrodermatitis enteropathica.
Topics: Acrodermatitis; Aminohippuric Acids; Child; Child, Preschool; Creatinine; Female; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Iodoquinol; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1973 |
Studies on tryptophan metabolism in patients with lymphoma.
Topics: Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Hydrolases; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Xanthurenates | 1974 |
Computer simulation and analysis of tryptophan metabolism via kynurenine pathway in liver.
Topics: Coenzymes; Computers, Analog; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted; Feedback; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Mathematics; Metabolic Diseases; Models, Biological; Nutrition Disorders; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pyridoxal; Pyridoxine; Systems Analysis; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1974 |
Comparative studies on the in vivo effects of tartar emetic, vitamin B 6 , and the chelating agent 2,3-dimercaptopropanol (BAL) on the functional capacity of the tryptophan-niacin pathway in patients with schistosomiasis.
Topics: Acetates; Adolescent; Aminohippuric Acids; Antimony; Child; Dimercaprol; Emetics; Glucuronates; Humans; Indican; Isonicotinic Acids; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Nicotinic Acids; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pyridoxine; Schistosoma haematobium; Schistosomiasis; Tartrates; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1972 |
The effect of burns on the metabolism of tryptophan in children.
Topics: Burns; Child; Child, Preschool; Creatinine; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Oxalates; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1972 |
Studies on the urinary excretion of certain tryptophan metabolites in diabetics.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amino Acids; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Nitrogen; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Phenylbutyrates; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1972 |
[Proceedings: Tryptophan metabolism in untreated phenylketonuria and in vitamin B6 dependent cramps].
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Carboxylic Acids; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Hydroxyquinolines; Intellectual Disability; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Muscle Cramp; Nicotinic Acids; Phenylalanine; Phenylketonurias; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1972 |
Influence of the progestogenic component of oral contraceptives on tryptophan metabolism.
Topics: Contraceptives, Oral; Ethinyl Estradiol; Ethynodiol Diacetate; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Lynestrenol; Mestranol; Norethindrone; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Progestins; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1973 |
Tryptophan metabolism in breast cancer. Correlation with urinary steroid excretion.
Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; Adult; Aged; Aminohippuric Acids; Androsterone; Breast Neoplasms; Etiocholanolone; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Middle Aged; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1973 |
Tryptophan metabolite excretion by the American cockroach.
Topics: Animals; Caseins; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Cockroaches; Diet; Feces; Female; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mutation; Neomycin; Nitrogen; Quinolines; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1973 |
[Studies on tryptophan metabolism in oligophrenic children. 1. Results on the excretion of kynurenic acid and xanthurenic acid following administration of tryptophan and their dependence on vitamin B 6 supply].
Topics: Child; Coenzymes; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Kynurenic Acid; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1973 |
Effect of copper status on the urinary excretion of tryptophan metabolites and amino acids by the rat.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Body Weight; Copper; Deficiency Diseases; Heart; Hemoglobins; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; Male; Organ Size; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Rats; Spleen; Taurine; Tryptophan; Urea; Xanthurenates | 1973 |
[Thin layer chromatography in isolation and quantitative determination of tryptophan metabolites in urine].
Topics: Chromatography, Thin Layer; Kynurenic Acid; Methods; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Phenols; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1973 |
Relationship of dietary tryptophan and niacin to tryptophan metabolism in schizophrenics and nonschizophrenics.
Topics: Acetates; Aminohippuric Acids; Diet; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Indican; Indoles; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Nicotinic Acids; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Schizophrenia; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Hydroxylase; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1974 |
Relationship of dietary tryptophan and niacin to tryptophan metabolism in alcoholics and nonalcoholics.
Topics: Acetates; Alcoholism; Aminohippuric Acids; Diet; Dietary Proteins; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Indican; Indoleacetic Acids; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Nicotinic Acids; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1974 |
[Tryptophan metabolism in pyridoxine-dependent convulsions].
Topics: Chemistry, Clinical; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mass Spectrometry; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pyridoxine; Quinolines; Seizures; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1971 |
Studies with tryptophan metabolites in vitro. V. Effect of the methanesulphonate derivative of hycanthone (etrenol) and lead acetate on kynureninase and kynurenine transaminase of normal mouse liver.
Topics: Acetates; Anthelmintics; Ethylamines; Hydrolases; Ketones; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Lead; Liver; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Osmolar Concentration; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Spectrum Analysis; Sulfonic Acids; Sulfur; Transaminases; Tryptophan; Ultraviolet Rays; Xanthenes | 1972 |
Human tryptophan and tyrosine metabolism: effects of acute exposure to cold stress.
Topics: Adult; Amino Acids; Body Temperature; Circadian Rhythm; Cold Climate; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Stress, Physiological; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Tyrosine; Xanthurenates | 1972 |
Metabolism of C 14 labeled enantiomers of tryptophan, kynurenine and hydroxykynurenine in humans with scleroderma.
Topics: Adult; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Isotopes; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Middle Aged; Phenols; Picolinic Acids; Respiration; Scleroderma, Localized; Scleroderma, Systemic; Stereoisomerism; Time Factors; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1972 |
[Comparative studies on amino acid concentration changes and tryptophan metabolism changes following radiotherapy in animal and man. 1st results].
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Bronchial Neoplasms; Dogs; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Radiotherapy; Rats; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1972 |
D-Tryptophan pyrrolase activity in the liver and the intestine of the rat.
Topics: Acetates; Adrenal Glands; Adrenalectomy; Animals; Cell Nucleus; Cortisone; Enzyme Induction; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Small; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Male; Microsomes, Liver; Mitochondria, Liver; Neomycin; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Rats; Stereoisomerism; Subcellular Fractions; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase | 1972 |
Tryptophan metabolism in patients with bladder cancer of occupational etiology.
Topics: Aged; Amines; Aminohippuric Acids; Benzene Derivatives; Creatinine; Environmental Exposure; Glucuronates; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Occupational Diseases; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Xanthurenates | 1972 |
Dissimilation of aromatic compounds by Alcaligenes eutrophus.
Topics: Adipates; Alcaligenes; Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Amidohydrolases; Benzoates; Catechols; Cell-Free System; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Cresols; Culture Media; Dicarboxylic Acids; Enzyme Induction; Esterases; Gentisates; Hydrocarbons; Hydrolases; Isomerases; Ketones; Kynurenic Acid; Manometry; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen Consumption; Oxygenases; Phenols; Spectrophotometry; Stereoisomerism; Succinates; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase | 1971 |
Urinary organic acids found in B6-deficient rats and calcium oxalate calculus patients.
Topics: Acids; Amino Acids; Animals; Calcium; Chromatography, Paper; Citrates; Coenzyme A; Folic Acid Deficiency; Hippurates; Humans; Hydroxyproline; Ketoglutaric Acids; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Oxalates; Pyridoxine; Pyruvates; Rats; Tryptophan; Tyrosine; Urinary Calculi; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1971 |
L-Amino acid inhibition of epinephrine-induced hyperglycemia.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Caseins; Cattle; Depression, Chemical; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Epinephrine; Female; Hyperglycemia; Hypoglycemia; Indoleacetic Acids; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Kynurenic Acid; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Propionates; Pyridines; Rats; Serotonin; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1971 |
Excretion of kynurenic and xanthurenic acid of the mimosine intoxicatted rats after loading L-tryptophan.
Topics: Animals; Fluorometry; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Propionates; Rats; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1968 |
Chromatographic separation of tryptophan metabolites.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Fluorometry; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Indoleacetic Acids; Indoles; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Methods; Methylcellulose; Picolinic Acids; Pyridines; Serotonin; Spectrophotometry; Tryptamines; Tryptophan; Ultraviolet Rays; Xanthurenates | 1970 |
The influence of sex, age, synthetic oestrogens, progestogens and oral contraceptives on the excretion of urinary tryptophan metabolites.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Carboxy-Lyases; Carcinogens; Contraceptives, Oral; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Glucuronates; Hippurates; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Menopause; Menstruation; Middle Aged; Norethindrone; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Ovulation; Pyridoxine; Sex Factors; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1970 |
[Effects of corticosteroid treatment repeated at short intervals on tryptophan-nicotinic acid pathway in man].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aminohippuric Acids; Betamethasone; Creatinine; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Nicotinic Acids; Proteins; Rheumatic Diseases; RNA; Time Factors; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1970 |
Tryptophan metabolism in the synovial fluid in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Blood Sedimentation; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Nicotinic Acids; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Osteoarthritis; Synovial Fluid; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1969 |
Influence of androgens upon tryptophan metabolism in man.
Topics: Adult; Anabolic Agents; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Methyltestosterone; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1969 |
The action of pyridoxine in primary hyperoxaluria.
Topics: Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Glyoxylates; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Oxalates; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan | 1969 |
The action of pyridoxine in primary hyperoxaluria.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Mixed Function Oxygenases; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Oxalates; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1970 |
Tryptophan metabolism in the magnesium deficient rat.
Topics: Animals; Diet; Female; Indoles; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium Deficiency; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Pyridoxine; Rats; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1970 |
Metabolism of D- and L-tryptophan-7 alpha-14C in rats and the effects of unlabeled enantiomers.
Topics: Aminohippuric Acids; Animals; Autoradiography; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Isotopes; Chromatography, Paper; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Nicotinic Acids; Picolinic Acids; Pyridines; Rats; Stereoisomerism; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1970 |
Studies on tryptophan metabolism in protein-calorie malnutrition.
Topics: Aminohippuric Acids; Blood Proteins; Child, Preschool; Diet Therapy; Female; Glucuronates; Humans; Infant; Kwashiorkor; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Protein Deficiency; Pyridoxine; Skin Diseases; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1970 |
Tryptophan metabolism in newborn low-birth-weight infants.
Topics: Birth Weight; Glucuronidase; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Tryptophan | 1970 |
The functional capacity of the tryptophan-niacin pathway in pellagrous children.
Topics: Amines; Aminohippuric Acids; Child; Child, Preschool; Glucuronates; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Nicotinic Acids; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pellagra; Tryptophan | 1970 |
Differences in tryptophan metabolism between breast cancer patients with and without cancer at other sites.
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Brain Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Ovarian Neoplasms; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Xanthurenates | 1970 |
Studies on the effect of reserpine therapy on the functional capacity of the tryptophan-niacin pathway in smoker and non-smoker males.
Topics: Adult; Aminohippuric Acids; Carboxy-Lyases; Catecholamines; Glucuronates; Humans; Isonicotinic Acids; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Acids; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pyridines; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Pyridoxine; Reserpine; Smoking; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1970 |
[Urinary excretion of metabolites of the tryptophan-nicotinic acid line after repeated tryptophan load].
Topics: Aminohippuric Acids; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Nicotinic Acids; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Xanthurenates | 1970 |
Excretion of kynurenic acid and xanthurenic acid during infection.
Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Analysis of Variance; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography; Circadian Rhythm; Deficiency Diseases; Enzyme Induction; Fever; Fluorometry; Growth Hormone; Humans; Infant; Infections; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Shock, Septic; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Xanthurenates | 1971 |
-electronic structures of tryptophan metabolites. II. 2-Aminoacetophenone, xanthurenic acid, cinnabarinic acid and related compounds.
Topics: Acetophenones; Amines; Carboxylic Acids; Kynurenic Acid; Oxazines; Quantum Theory; Quinolines; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1971 |
Vitamin B6 dependent xanthurenic aciduria.
Topics: Adult; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Amino Acids; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Autoanalysis; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Hydrolases; Intellectual Disability; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; Male; Pedigree; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1967 |
[Tryptophan and tyrosine administration in acrodermatitis enteropathica (Danbolt)].
Topics: Acrodermatitis; Adult; Child; Female; Humans; Indican; Intestinal Diseases; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Tryptophan; Tyrosine; Xanthurenates | 1967 |
Potentiation of endotoxin shock by oral L-tryptophan.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Chromatography, Paper; Dogs; Endotoxins; Glucuronates; Hydrocortisone; Indoles; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Neomycin; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Portal Vein; Serotonin; Shock, Septic; Tryptophan | 1968 |
Circadian periodicity of tryptophan metabolism.
Topics: Adult; Circadian Rhythm; Female; Humans; Indican; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Xanthurenates | 1968 |
Tryptophan metabolism in some intestinal helminthiases.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aminohippuric Acids; Ancylostomiasis; Ascariasis; Humans; Indican; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1968 |
Isolation and assay of radioactive urinary kynurenic and xanthurenic acids.
Topics: Carbon Isotopes; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Methods; Spectrum Analysis; Tryptophan; Ultraviolet Rays; Xanthurenates | 1968 |
Isolation for 6-hydroxykynurenic acid from the tobacco leaf.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antifungal Agents; Chromatography, Paper; Fluorometry; Kynurenic Acid; Nicotiana; Plants, Toxic; Tryptophan | 1968 |
Transport and further metabolism on intermediate compounds of the tryptophan-nicotinic acid ribonucleotide pathway by rat small intestine.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Chromatography, Paper; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Nicotinic Acids; Nucleotides; Rats; Tryptophan | 1968 |
Studies with tryptophan metabolites in vitro. Kynurenine metabolism in kidneys of mice infested with Schistosoma mansoni.
Topics: Animals; Hydrolases; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Mice; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Schistosomiasis; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms | 1968 |
Liver kynureninase activity of an infant with infantile spasm.
Topics: Aspartate Aminotransferases; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Erythrocytes; Female; Humans; Hydrolases; Indoleacetic Acids; Infant; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pyridoxine; Seizures; Spasm; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1968 |
[Studies on the excretion of tryptophan metabolites in patients with circumscript and progressive scleroderma].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Scleroderma, Systemic; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1968 |
[On the influence of ovulation inhibitors on tryptophan metabolism in relation to vitamin B6].
Topics: Adult; Contraceptives, Oral; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Tests; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1968 |
Vitamin B6 requirements in starving obese males.
Topics: Fasting; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Obesity; Pyridoxine; Time Factors; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1969 |
Effect of acetoacetate on urinary excretion of xanthurenic acid and other tryptophan metabolites in rats.
Topics: Acetoacetates; Animals; Hippurates; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Rats; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1969 |
Phosphorimetric investigation of several tryptophan metabolites: determination of kynurenic acid in urine.
Topics: Chromatography, Thin Layer; Ethanol; Iodides; Kynurenic Acid; Luminescent Measurements; Methods; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Spectrum Analysis; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1969 |
Studies on tryptophan metabolism in bilharzial hepatic fibrosis and non-bilharzial hepatic cirrhosis in childhood.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Diseases; Male; Pyridoxine; Schistosomiasis; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1969 |
Metabolism of alpha-methyltryptophan.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Colorimetry; Intestinal Mucosa; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Lung; Myocardium; Pancreas; Rats; Spleen; Tryptophan; Urine; Xanthurenates | 1965 |
6-hydroxykynurenic acid: a new tryptophan metabolite in the hen.
Topics: Animals; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Poultry; Tryptophan; Urine | 1965 |
[Recent studies on a genetic disorder of tryptophan metabolism and its relations to vitamin B6].
Topics: Asthma; Eczema; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Leg Ulcer; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Urticaria; Xanthurenates | 1965 |
[Method for bidimensional thin-layer chromatographic separation of tryptophan metabolites].
Topics: Aminohippuric Acids; Aminosalicylic Acids; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Hippurates; Indoleacetic Acids; Indoles; Kynurenic Acid; Nicotinic Acids; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pyridones; Serotonin; Skatole; Tryptamines; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1965 |
[A new method for the identification of tryptophan metabolites: thin layer chromatography].
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1966 |
Determination of tryptophan derivatives by thin-layer chromatography.
Topics: Chromatography, Thin Layer; Fluorometry; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Solvents; Spectrophotometry; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1966 |
Hydroxykynureninuria.
Topics: Adolescent; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Female; Growth; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Intelligence Tests; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Kyphosis; Nicotinic Acids; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1967 |
Urine composition in the etiology of bladder tumor formation.
Topics: Carcinogens; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Urine | 1967 |
Vitamin B6 nutriture studied in obese subjects during 8 weeks of starvation.
Topics: Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Obesity; Oxalates; Pyridoxine; Starvation; Transaminases; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1967 |
Biochemical and physiological changes in vitamin B6 deficiency.
Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Anemia, Hypochromic; Central Nervous System Diseases; Cysteine; Erythrocytes; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Nicotinic Acids; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Pyridoxine; Serotonin; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1967 |
The degradation of tryptophan during paper chromatography with observations on some metabolites of tryptophan.
Topics: Autoradiography; Carbon Isotopes; Chromatography, Paper; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Tryptophan; Ultraviolet Rays; Xanthurenates | 1967 |
The identification of 4, 6-quinolinediol and 4,8-quinolinediol in the urine of hens.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Glycols; Kynurenic Acid; Poultry; Quinolines; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1967 |
On the determination of small amounts of tryptophan metabolites and their occurrence in normal human urine.
Topics: Adult; Aminohippuric Acids; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Chromatography, Paper; Colorimetry; Female; Fluorometry; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1967 |
Effect of protein intake on the development of abnormal tryptophan metabolism by men during vitamin B6 depletion.
Topics: Adult; Body Weight; Dietary Proteins; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1967 |
Regulation of tryptophan metabolism in the parasitic wasp, Habrobracon juglandis.
Topics: Animals; Insecta; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Molecular Biology; Mutation; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Xanthurenates | 1967 |
The stability of tryptophan metabolites prior to urine analysis.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cold Temperature; Drug Stability; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Indoleacetic Acids; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Rats; Serotonin; Tryptophan | 1980 |
[Determination of urinary xanthurenic acid after oral loading of L-tryptophan in 88 cases of photodermatosis].
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Female; Humans; Hydroa Vacciniforme; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Photosensitivity Disorders; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1984 |
Studies on the urinary excretion of xanthurenic acid in diabetics.
Topics: Adult; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Creatinine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1984 |
Quantitation of xanthurenic acid in rabbit serum using high performance liquid chromatography.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Kynurenic Acid; Rabbits; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1984 |
Therapy of side effects of oral contraceptive agents with vitamin B6.
Topics: Contraceptives, Oral; Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; Depressive Disorder; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Glucose; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Menopause; Middle Aged; Models, Biological; Nutritional Requirements; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Premenstrual Syndrome; Progesterone Congeners; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1982 |
Tryptophan metabolism by a papaverine-degrading Nocardia sp.
Topics: Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; Mutation; Nocardia; Papaverine; Tryptophan | 1982 |
Induction of ornithine decarboxylase activity in mouse urinary bladder by L-tryptophan and some of its metabolites.
Topics: Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase; Animals; Carboxy-Lyases; Diet; Enzyme Induction; Epithelium; Female; Hyperplasia; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Ornithine Decarboxylase; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Quinolines; Stereoisomerism; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder; Xanthurenates | 1982 |
Alterations of the tryptophan--nicotinic acid metabolism in vitiligo.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Adult; Female; Humans; Hydrolases; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase; Male; Melanins; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Models, Biological; Niacin; Tryptophan; Vitiligo; Xanthurenates | 1982 |
[Nemaline myopathy and related conditions in relation to aberrations of tryptophan metabolism].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Muscles; Neuromuscular Diseases; Tryptophan | 1982 |
A new method to determine urinary quinoline compounds in patients with bladder cancer.
Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Methods; Middle Aged; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Xanthurenates | 1980 |
Low dose injectable contraceptive norethisterone enanthate 20mg monthly - II. Metabolic side effects.
Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Contraceptive Agents, Female; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Globulins; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Norethindrone; Riboflavin Deficiency; Serum Albumin; Tryptophan | 1981 |
The anticonvulsant effect of citalopram on El mice, and the levels of tryptophan and tyrosine and their metabolites in the brain.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Citalopram; Corpus Striatum; Hippocampus; Homovanillic Acid; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Seizures; Serotonin; Tryptophan; Tyrosine | 1994 |
Cerebrospinal fluid levels of kynurenine pathway metabolites in patients with eating disorders: relation to clinical and biochemical variable.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anorexia Nervosa; Body Weight; Brain; Bulimia; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Quinolinic Acid; Thinness; Tryptophan | 1995 |
Metabolism of L-tryptophan to kynurenate and quinolinate in the central nervous system: effects of 6-chlorotryptophan and 4-chloro-3-hydroxyanthranilate.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Animals; Cell Line; Central Nervous System; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Lyases; Macaca mulatta; Quinolinic Acid; Transaminases; Tryptophan | 1995 |
Pentafluorobenzylation method for quantification of acidic tryptophan metabolites using electron capture negative ion mass spectrometry.
Topics: Fluorobenzenes; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Mass Spectrometry; Molecular Structure; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Picolinic Acids; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1995 |
Modulation of the kynurenine pathway in search for new neuroprotective agents. Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of (m-nitrobenzoyl)alanine, a potent inhibitor of kynurenine-3-hydroxylase.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Hippocampus; Hydrolases; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase; Liver; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Models, Molecular; Molecular Structure; Motor Activity; Rats; Seizures; Tryptophan | 1994 |
A mechanism of quinolinic acid formation by brain in inflammatory neurological disease. Attenuation of synthesis from L-tryptophan by 6-chlorotryptophan and 4-chloro-3-hydroxyanthranilate.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Animals; Biopterins; Brain; Encephalitis; Fetus; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Macaca mulatta; Myelitis; Neopterin; Poliomyelitis; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase | 1993 |
Effects of vitamin B6 deficiency on the conversion ratio of tryptophan to niacin.
Topics: Animals; Diet; Feeding Behavior; Kynurenic Acid; Niacin; Niacinamide; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Weight Gain; Xanthurenates | 1995 |
Determination of kynurenic acid by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection.
Topics: Animals; Electrophoresis, Capillary; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Time Factors; Tryptophan; Zinc | 1997 |
Relationships between methoxyindole and kynurenine pathway metabolites in plasma and urine in children suffering from febrile and epileptic seizures.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Child; Child, Preschool; Circadian Rhythm; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Infant; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Melatonin; Seizures, Febrile; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1997 |
Increased conversion ratio of tryptophan to niacin in severe food restriction.
Topics: Animals; Food Deprivation; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Niacin; Niacinamide; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1998 |
Tryptophan and its metabolite, kynurenine, stimulate expression of nerve growth factor in cultured mouse astroglial cells.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Cells, Cultured; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nerve Growth Factors; Quinolinic Acid; RNA, Messenger; Serotonin; Tryptophan | 1998 |
The analgesic effects of tryptophan and its metabolites in the rat.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hypolipidemic Agents; Iron Chelating Agents; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pain; Picolinic Acids; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Reflex; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1998 |
Quantitative differences in the effects of de novo produced and exogenous kynurenic acid in rat brain slices.
Topics: Animals; Buffers; Entorhinal Cortex; Epilepsy; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glycine; Hippocampus; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tryptophan | 1999 |
3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid accumulation following administration of the 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid 3,4-dioxygenase inhibitor NCR-631.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-Dioxygenase; 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Animals; Brain; Dioxygenases; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Oxygenases; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin; Tryptophan | 1999 |
Changes in membrane fluidity induced by tryptophan and its metabolites.
Topics: Animals; Cell Cycle; Cell Membrane; Cholesterol; Fatty Acids; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Male; Membrane Fluidity; Membrane Lipids; Phospholipids; Picolinic Acids; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1999 |
Radical scavenging properties of tryptophan metabolites. Estimation of their radical reactivity.
Topics: Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Indoles; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Lipid Peroxidation; Models, Chemical; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1999 |
Serotonergic and kynurenic pathways in rats exposed to foot shock.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Electroshock; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Stress, Physiological; Tryptophan | 2000 |
Tryptophan and tyrosine catabolic pattern in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Topics: Adult; Biogenic Monoamines; Brain Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Digoxin; Epilepsy, Generalized; Erythrocytes; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Glioma; Glycine Agents; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Male; Microvascular Angina; Middle Aged; Morphine; Narcotics; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Parkinson Disease; Quinolinic Acid; Schizophrenia; Serum Albumin; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Strychnine; Tryptophan; Tyrosine; Ubiquinone | 2000 |
Age-dependent memory loss, synaptic pathology and altered brain plasticity in the Drosophila mutant cardinal accumulating 3-hydroxykynurenine.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Courtship; Drosophila; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Learning; Male; Memory Disorders; Mutation; Neuroglia; Tryptophan | 2000 |
Kynurenic acid metabolism in the brain of HIV-1 infected patients.
Topics: Adult; AIDS Dementia Complex; Brain; Cerebellum; Female; Frontal Lobe; HIV-1; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Lyases; Male; Transaminases; Tryptophan | 2000 |
Protein peroxidation processes in bovine retained and not-retained placenta.
Topics: Animals; Case-Control Studies; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Female; Kynurenic Acid; Placenta; Placenta, Retained; Pregnancy; Proteins; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Tryptophan; Tyrosine | 2001 |
Kynurenine production and catabolism in fetal sheep with embolized or nonembolized placentas.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Embolism; Female; Fetal Blood; Fetal Diseases; Fetal Growth Retardation; Infusions, Intravenous; Kynurenic Acid; Placenta; Placental Insufficiency; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Probability; Quinolinic Acid; Reference Values; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sheep; Tryptophan | 2001 |
Influence of adenine-induced renal failure on tryptophan-niacin metabolism in rats.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Adenine; Animals; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; Male; NAD; Niacin; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Renal Insufficiency; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 2001 |
Tryptophan metabolism via the kynurenine pathway in experimental chronic renal failure.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Creatinine; Kidney; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors; Tryptophan; Urea; Xanthurenates | 2002 |
Accumulation of toxic products degradation of kynurenine in hemodialyzed patients.
Topics: Female; Humans; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Quinolinic Acid; Renal Dialysis; Tryptophan; Uremia; Xanthurenates | 2001 |
Growth-promoting activity of pyrazinoic acid, a putative active compound of antituberculosis drug pyrazinamide, in niacin-deficient rats through the inhibition of ACMSD activity.
Topics: Animals; Antitubercular Agents; Carboxy-Lyases; Diet; Eating; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; Male; NAD; Niacin; Pyrazinamide; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tryptophan; Weight Gain; Xanthurenates | 2002 |
Quantitation of tryptophan, kynurenine and kynurenic acid in human plasma by capillary liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.
Topics: Calibration; Chromatography, Liquid; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Tryptophan | 2002 |
[Tryptophan loading and vitamin B6 deficiency. I. Excretion of xanthurenic acid, kynurenine, trigonelline amide, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in various diseases].
Topics: Alkaloids; Amides; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Indoleacetic Acids; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Niacin; Nicotinic Acids; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1961 |
The quinoline pathway of tryptophan oxidation in Pseudomonas: synthesis of 7,8-dihydroxykynurenic acid and kynurenic acid-C14.
Topics: Kynurenic Acid; Oxidation-Reduction; Pseudomonas; Quinolines; Tryptophan | 1960 |
Quantitative determination of tryptophan metabolites (via kynurenine) in biologic fluids.
Topics: Biological Products; Body Fluids; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tryptophan | 1959 |
A new pathway of D-tryptophan metabolism: enzymic formation of kynurenic acid via D-kynurenine.
Topics: Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tryptophan | 1961 |
Urinary excretion of tryptophan metabolites in the healthy infant.
Topics: Chromatography; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Tryptophan; Urine | 1962 |
ENRICHMENT PROCEDURES FOR THE ISOLATION OF TRYPTOPHAN-OXIDIZING ORGANISMS.
Topics: Culture Media; Kynurenic Acid; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Oxidation-Reduction; Pseudomonas; Tryptophan | 1963 |
THE METABOLISM OF TRYPTOPHAN IN PATIENTS WITH BLADDER CANCER AND OTHER UROLOGICAL DISEASES.
Topics: Geriatrics; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Prostatic Neoplasms; Proteins; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder Diseases; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Urine | 1963 |
[CHANGES IN TRYPTOPHAN METABOLISM IN THE WINKING-NODDING SPASM IN INFANTS].
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Blinking; Blood Chemical Analysis; Chromatography; Electroencephalography; Hippurates; Humans; Infant; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Metabolism; Proteins; Pyridoxine; Research; Spasm; Spasms, Infantile; Tryptophan; Urine; Xanthurenates | 1963 |
STUDIES ON ADAPTIVE ENZYME SYNTHESIS. I. GENERAL INTRODUCTORY REMARKS, AND METHODS.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cortisone; Hepatitis; Hepatitis A; Histidine; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; Metabolism; Peroxidases; Rats; Research; Toxicology; Tryptophan | 1963 |
TRYPTOPHAN METABOLISM IN SPECIAL PAIRS OF TWINS.
Topics: Chromatography; Diseases in Twins; Genetics, Medical; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Metabolic Diseases; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Proteins; Schizophrenia; Spectrophotometry; Tryptophan; Urine; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
EXCRETION OF TRYPTOPHAN METABOLITES IN DIFFERENT FORMS OF HAEMOBLASTOSIS.
Topics: Cortisone; Cyclophosphamide; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Leukemia; Leukemia, Hairy Cell; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid; Lymphatic Diseases; Lymphoma; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Mechlorethamine; Multiple Myeloma; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Phenylbutazone; Polycythemia Vera; Proteins; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Pyridoxine; Sarcoma; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency; Tryptophan; Urine; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
STUDIES ON THE TRYPTOPHAN METABOLISM IN TUMOR-BEARING ANIMALS.
Topics: Animals; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; Niacin; Nicotinic Acids; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Proteins; Rats; Research; Sarcoma; Tryptophan; Urine; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
[PRELIMINARY REMARKS ON THE EXCRETION OF XANTHURENIC ACID AND KYNURENIC ACID AFTER TRYPTOPHAN LOADING].
Topics: Adolescent; Biological Transport; Body Fluids; Child; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Kynurenic Acid; Pharmacology; Tryptophan; Urine; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
[CASES OF EPILEPSY WITH SPLENOMEGALY; A NEW CONGENITAL METABOLIC DISORDER].
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Lyases; Metabolic Diseases; Pathology; Splenectomy; Splenomegaly; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
A METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF EIGHT TRYPTOPHAN METABOLITES IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS.
Topics: Blood Proteins; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Chromatography; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Spectrophotometry; Tryptophan; Urine; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
METABOLISM OF 3-HYDROXYANTHRANILIC ACID-CARBOXYL-C14 IN THE HUMAN.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Achondroplasia; Blood; Carbon Isotopes; Chromatography; Hippurates; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Metabolism; Niacin; Niacinamide; Nicotinic Acids; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pyridines; Rats; Research; Tryptophan; Urine; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
URINARY EXCRETION OF TRYPTOPHAN METABOLITES IN PATIENTS WITH RENAL PELVIS AND PARENCHYMA TUMOURS.
Topics: Chromatography; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Kidney Pelvis; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Neoplasms; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Spectrophotometry; Tryptophan; Urine; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
EXCRETION OF TRYPTOPHAN METABOLITES BY PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.
Topics: Arthritis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biomedical Research; Chromatography; Gout; Hippurates; Indoles; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Niacin; Nicotinic Acids; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Proteins; Psoriasis; Pyridines; Pyridoxine; Spondylitis; Tryptophan; Urine; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
HYDROXYKYNURENINURIA: A CASE OF ABNORMAL TRYPTOPHAN METABOLISM PROBABLY DUE TO A DEFICIENCY OF KYNURENINASE.
Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Child; Chromatography; Electrophoresis; Humans; Hydrolases; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Metabolic Diseases; Niacin; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Proteins; Pyridoxine; Spectrophotometry; Tryptophan; Urine; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
ABNORMAL TRYPTOPHAN METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH ADULT CELIAC DISEASE, WITH EVIDENCE FOR DEFICIENCY OF VITAMIN B6.
Topics: Adult; Biochemical Phenomena; Biochemistry; Celiac Disease; Dietary Proteins; Glutens; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Indican; Indoleacetic Acids; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Proteins; Tetracycline; Tryptophan; Urine; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
INCIDENCE OF MOUSE BLADDER TUMORS FOLLOWING IMPLANTATION OF PARAFFIN PELLETS CONTAINING CERTAIN TRYPTOPHAN METABOLITES.
Topics: Animals; Carcinogens; Chromatography; Incidence; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Paraffin; Quinolines; Research; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
IN VIVO ELUTION OF TRYPTOPHAN METABOLITES AND OTHER AROMATIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS FROM CHOLESTEROL PELLETS IMPLANTED INTO MOUSE BLADDERS.
Topics: Amines; Animals; Carcinogens; Cholesterol; Fluorenes; Hydroxylamines; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Metabolism; Mice; Naphthalenes; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Compounds; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pharmacology; Quinolines; Research; Stearic Acids; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
MOUSE BLADDER CARCINOGENICITY OF CERTAIN TRYPTOPHAN METABOLITES AND OTHER AROMATIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS SUSPENDED IN CHOLESTEROL.
Topics: Amines; Animals; Carcinogens; Cholesterol; Fluorenes; Hydroxylamines; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Metabolism; Mice; Naphthalenes; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Compounds; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pharmacology; Quinolines; Research; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
ENZYMATIC FORMATION OF CATECHOL FROM ANTHRANILIC ACID.
Topics: Benzene; Benzoates; Carbon Isotopes; Catechols; Glycols; Kynurenic Acid; Levulinic Acids; Metabolism; Mixed Function Oxygenases; NAD; NADP; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Oxidoreductases; Pseudomonas; Research; Salicylic Acid; Tryptophan | 1964 |
STUDIES ON THE URINARY EXCRETION OF CERTAIN TRYPTOPHAN METABOLITES BEFORE AND AFTER TRYPTOPHAN LOADING DOSE IN BILHARZIASIS, BILHARZIAL BLADDER CANCER AND CERTAIN OTHER TYPES OF MALIGNANCIES IN EGYPT.
Topics: Amino Acids; Egypt; Epidemiology; Fluids and Secretions; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Indoleacetic Acids; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Neoplasms; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Schistosomiasis; Tryptophan; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Urine; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
TRYPTOPHAN METABOLISM IN RHEUMATIC DISEASE.
Topics: Amino Acids; Arthritis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chromatography; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Rheumatic Diseases; Scleroderma, Systemic; Tryptophan; Urine; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
[RESEARCH ON THE TRYPTOPHAN--NICOTINIC ACID PATHWAY IN DIABETES MELLITUS].
Topics: Diabetes Mellitus; Geriatrics; Hippurates; Insulin; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Metabolism; Niacin; Niacinamide; Nicotinic Acids; Research; Tryptophan; Urine | 1964 |
PYRIDOXINE AND INFANTILE MYOCLONIC SEIZURES.
Topics: Amino Acids; Drug Therapy; Electroencephalography; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Humans; Infant; Kynurenic Acid; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Myoclonus; Phenytoin; Pyridoxine; Seizures; Spasms, Infantile; Tryptophan; Urine; Xanthurenates | 1965 |
[RESEARCH ON ELIMINATION OF METABOLITES OF THE TRYPTOPHAN TO NICOTINIC ACID PATHWAY IN INFANTS].
Topics: Chromatography; Diet; Hippurates; Humans; Infant; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Metabolism; Niacin; Nicotinic Acids; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Tryptophan; Urine; Vitamins; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
[CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF METABOLITES OF THE TRYPTOPHAN TO NICOTINIC ACID PATHWAY IN RELATION TO SEX].
Topics: Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Metabolism; Niacin; Niacinamide; Nicotinic Acids; Research; Sex; Tryptophan; Urine; Xanthurenates | 1964 |
Model structures of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit NR1 explain the molecular recognition of agonist and antagonist ligands.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cycloserine; Databases as Topic; Escherichia coli; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glycine; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Indoles; Kynurenic Acid; Ligands; Mice; Models, Chemical; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Potassium Channels; Proline; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Isoforms; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Serine; Threonine; Tryptophan; Water | 2004 |
The effects of phthalate esters on the tryptophan-niacin metabolism.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Animals; Dibutyl Phthalate; Diethylhexyl Phthalate; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; Male; NAD; Niacin; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Phthalic Acids; Plasticizers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 2003 |
Biochemical and phenotypic abnormalities in kynurenine aminotransferase II-deficient mice.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Blood Chemical Analysis; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Female; Humans; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Neurons; Phenotype; Pregnancy; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Transaminases; Tryptophan | 2004 |
Cytokine regulation of tryptophan metabolism in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis: implications for protective and toxic consequences in neuroendocrine regulation.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-10; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase | 2005 |
Kynurenic acid as a ligand for orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR35.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Signaling; Gastrointestinal Tract; Gene Expression Profiling; Humans; Immune System; Inositol Phosphates; Kynurenic Acid; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Ligands; Lipopolysaccharides; Mice; Rats; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Tryptophan; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2006 |
Kynurenine pathway metabolism in patients with osteoporosis after 2 years of drug treatment.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Female; Humans; Indomethacin; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Middle Aged; Molecular Structure; Neopterin; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Osteoporosis; Sodium Salicylate; Tryptophan | 2006 |
Tryptophan breakdown pathway in bipolar mania.
Topics: Adult; Aspartic Acid; Bipolar Disorder; Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; Female; Gyrus Cinguli; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Schizophrenia; Severity of Illness Index; Tryptophan | 2007 |
Tryptophan and its metabolites in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: preliminary study.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Saliva; Tryptophan | 2006 |
The immune effects of TRYCATs (tryptophan catabolites along the IDO pathway): relevance for depression - and other conditions characterized by tryptophan depletion induced by inflammation.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cytokines; Depressive Disorder; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Inflammation; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-10; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Quinolinic Acid; Reference Values; Tryptophan; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Xanthurenates | 2007 |
Tryptophan metabolism; concerning the mechanism of the mammalian conversion of tryptophan into kynurenine, kynurenic acid, and nicotinic acid.
Topics: Animals; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Mammals; Niacin; Nicotinic Acids; Tryptophan | 1949 |
Effect of nicotinamide administration on the tryptophan-nicotinamide pathway in humans.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Adult; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Feedback, Physiological; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Niacinamide; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 2007 |
The Janus-face kynurenic acid.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tryptophan | 2008 |
The probiotic Bifidobacteria infantis: An assessment of potential antidepressant properties in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Behavior, Animal; Bifidobacterium; Biogenic Monoamines; Brain; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corticosterone; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Cytokines; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Flow Cytometry; Hypothalamus; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Intestines; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Probiotics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Psychological; Tryptophan; Vasopressins | 2008 |
Urinary excretory ratio of anthranilic acid/kynurenic acid as an index of the tolerable amount of tryptophan.
Topics: Animals; Dietary Supplements; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Kynurenic Acid; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tryptophan | 2008 |
Concerning the mechanism of the mammalian conversion of tryptophan into kynurenine, kynurenic acid, and nicotinic acid.
Topics: Animals; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Mammals; Niacin; Nicotinic Acids; Tryptophan | 1948 |
Cerebrolysin lowers kynurenic acid formation--an in vitro study.
Topics: Adult; Amino Acids; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrochemistry; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Postmortem Changes; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors; Transaminases; Tryptophan | 2009 |
More rapid and sensitive method for simultaneous determination of tryptophan and kynurenic acid by HPLC.
Topics: Acetonitriles; Adolescent; Adult; Asian People; Calibration; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Fluorescence; Health; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kynurenic Acid; Limit of Detection; Male; Middle Aged; Reference Standards; Regression Analysis; Reproducibility of Results; Rheology; Sensitivity and Specificity; Time Factors; Tryptophan; Young Adult; Zinc Acetate | 2009 |
Increased indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity and elevated serum levels of tryptophan catabolites in patients with chronic kidney disease: a possible link between chronic inflammation and uraemic symptoms.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Adult; Aged; C-Reactive Protein; Case-Control Studies; Creatinine; Female; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Quinolinic Acid; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; Renal Dialysis; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Serotonin; Tryptophan; Uremia | 2009 |
Elevated Expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and accumulation of kynurenic acid in the pathogenesis of STZ-induced diabetic cataract in Wistar rats.
Topics: Animals; Cataract; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Down-Regulation; Glutathione; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Interferon-gamma; Kynurenic Acid; Lens, Crystalline; Male; Oxidative Stress; Oxidoreductases; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Time Factors; Tryptophan | 2009 |
Analysis of tryptophan catabolism in HBV patients by HPLC with programmed wavelength ultraviolet detection.
Topics: Calibration; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Health; Hepatitis B; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Tryptophan | 2009 |
Inhibitory effects of kynurenic acid, a tryptophan metabolite, and its derivatives on cytosolic sulfotransferases.
Topics: Animals; Enzyme Activation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Humans; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Mefenamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nitrophenols; Recombinant Proteins; Sulfotransferases; Tryptophan | 2009 |
Haemostatic system, biochemical profiles, kynurenines and the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in peritoneally dialyzed patients.
Topics: Adult; Antifibrinolytic Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Case-Control Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Fasting; Female; Fibrinolysin; Hemostasis; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Peptide Fragments; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; Poland; Prevalence; Prothrombin; Quinolinic Acid; Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator; Thromboplastin; Tryptophan; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator | 2010 |
Recent advances in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Emphasis on kynurenine pathway inhibitors.
Topics: Adult; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Brain; D-Aspartic Acid; Functional Laterality; Humans; Japan; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Motor Neurons; N-Methylaspartate; Quinolinic Acid; Riluzole; Signal Transduction; Tryptophan | 2009 |
Optimization of Zn2+-containing mobile phase for simultaneous determination of kynurenine, kynurenic acid and tryptophan in human plasma by high performance liquid chromatography.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Fluorescence; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Limit of Detection; Linear Models; Middle Aged; Tryptophan; Young Adult; Zinc | 2010 |
Simultaneous determination of serum tryptophan metabolites in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.
Topics: Adult; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Fluorescence; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Middle Aged; Tryptophan | 2010 |
Melatonin and elimination of kynurenines in children with Down's syndrome.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Circadian Rhythm; Down Syndrome; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Melatonin; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Oxidative Stress; Serotonin; Tryptophan | 2010 |
Kynurenine and its metabolites in Alzheimer's disease patients.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alzheimer Disease; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2010 |
Psychological stress-induced, IDO1-dependent tryptophan catabolism: implications on immunosuppression in mice and humans.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Female; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Interferon-gamma; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Middle Aged; Mifepristone; Serotonin; Stress, Psychological; Tryptophan; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2010 |
Increased levels of kynurenine and kynurenic acid in the CSF of patients with schizophrenia.
Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Olanzapine; Schizophrenia; Tryptophan; Up-Regulation; Young Adult | 2012 |
Changes in the plasma concentrations of D-kynurenine and kynurenic acid in rats after intraperitoneal administration of tryptophan enantiomers.
Topics: Animals; Area Under Curve; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D-Amino-Acid Oxidase; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Optical Rotation; Pyrazoles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stereoisomerism; Tryptophan | 2010 |
¹H NMR-based metabolic profiling of naproxen-induced toxicity in rats.
Topics: Animals; Choline; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Energy Metabolism; Glycine; Hydroxybutyrates; Kynurenic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Naproxen; Pantothenic Acid; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stomach; Tryptophan | 2011 |
G-protein coupled receptor 35 (GPR35) activation and inflammatory pain: Studies on the antinociceptive effects of kynurenic acid and zaprinast.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ganglia, Spinal; Gene Expression; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Mice; Neuroglia; Pain; Pain Measurement; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Probenecid; Purinones; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Spinal Cord; Tryptophan | 2011 |
Comparative study on kynurenic acid production in the rat striatum by tryptophan enantiomers: an in vivo microdialysis study.
Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; D-Amino-Acid Oxidase; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Microdialysis; Models, Chemical; Pyrazoles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors; Tryptophan | 2011 |
Reversal of imbalance between kynurenic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine by antipsychotics in medication-naïve and medication-free schizophrenic patients.
Topics: Adult; Algorithms; Antipsychotic Agents; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Patient Discharge; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Treatment Outcome; Tryptophan | 2011 |
The kynurenine pathway modulates neurodegeneration in a Drosophila model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Disease Models, Animal; Drosophila melanogaster; Huntington Disease; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase | 2011 |
High tryptophan diet reduces extracellular dopamine release via kynurenic acid production in rat striatum.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Administration, Oral; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Diet; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Extracellular Space; Homovanillic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Statistics, Nonparametric; Tryptophan | 2011 |
Somatization, but not depression, is characterized by disorders in the tryptophan catabolite (TRYCAT) pathway, indicating increased indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and lowered kynurenine aminotransferase activity.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Analysis of Variance; Biomarkers; Depressive Disorder; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Female; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Sex Characteristics; Somatoform Disorders; Transaminases; Tryptophan | 2011 |
Simultaneous determination of tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic and xanthurenic acids in honey by liquid chromatography with diode array, fluorescence and tandem mass spectrometry detection.
Topics: Chromatography, Liquid; Formates; Honey; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Methanol; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spain; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 2011 |
Simultaneous determination of urinary tryptophan, tryptophan-related metabolites and creatinine by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and fluorimetric detection.
Topics: Adult; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Creatinine; Drug Stability; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Linear Models; Male; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Tryptophan | 2011 |
Evaluation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase expression and kynurenine pathway metabolites levels in serum samples of diabetic retinopathy patients.
Topics: Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Diabetic Retinopathy; Female; Gene Expression; Humans; India; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Retina; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Severity of Illness Index; Tryptophan | 2011 |
Sub-chronic dietary tryptophan depletion--an animal model of depression with improved face and good construct validity.
Topics: Aldosterone; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Body Weight; Brain; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Catecholamines; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corticosterone; Depression; Diet; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nucleobindins; Paroxetine; Protein Binding; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reproducibility of Results; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Swimming; Time Factors; Tritium; Tryptophan | 2012 |
Diagnostic classifications in depression and somatization should include biomarkers, such as disorders in the tryptophan catabolite (TRYCAT) pathway.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Biomarkers; Chi-Square Distribution; Depression; Female; Humans; International Classification of Diseases; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Principal Component Analysis; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Somatoform Disorders; Tryptophan | 2012 |
Essential role of excessive tryptophan and its neurometabolites in fatigue.
Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Exercise Test; Exploratory Behavior; Fatigue; Female; Fluoxetine; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Locomotion; Maze Learning; Microdialysis; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Mutant Strains; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Serotonin; Stereotyped Behavior; Synaptosomes; Time Factors; Tryptophan | 2012 |
Kynurenic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine production from D-kynurenine in mice.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Catalysis; Female; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Stereoisomerism; Tryptophan | 2012 |
Development and validation of a single analytical method for the determination of tryptophan, and its kynurenine metabolites in rat plasma.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Animals; Charcoal; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Depression; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Linear Models; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reproducibility of Results; Schizophrenia; Social Isolation; Solid Phase Extraction; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2012 |
Intracerebroventricular injection of kynurenic acid attenuates corticotrophin-releasing hormone-augmented stress responses in neonatal chicks.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Chickens; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Injections, Intraventricular; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Social Isolation; Stress, Psychological; Tryptophan | 2012 |
An investigation of the antidepressant action of xiaoyaosan in rats using ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with metabonomics.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Benzoates; Biomarkers; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Catechin; Chalcone; Chromatography, Liquid; Citric Acid; Citric Acid Cycle; Coumaric Acids; Creatine Kinase; Creatinine; Cyclohexanols; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Fluoxetine; Gallic Acid; Gastrointestinal Tract; Glucosides; Glycine; Hippurates; Ketoglutaric Acids; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolomics; Microbiota; Monoterpenes; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Psychological; Tryptophan; Tyrosine; Venlafaxine Hydrochloride | 2013 |
Protective activity of α-lactoalbumin (ALAC), a whey protein rich in tryptophan, in rodent models of epileptogenesis.
Topics: Animals; Convulsants; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Absence; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Kynurenic Acid; Lactalbumin; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred DBA; Milk Proteins; N-Methylaspartate; Pentylenetetrazole; Pilocarpine; Rats; Tryptophan; Whey Proteins | 2012 |
The metabolites in the tryptophan degradation pathway might be useful to determine the tolerable upper intake level of tryptophan intake in rats.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Niacinamide; No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; Nutritional Requirements; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tryptophan; Vitamins | 2012 |
Increased 3-hydroxykynurenine serum concentrations differentiate Alzheimer's disease patients from controls.
Topics: Aged; Alzheimer Disease; Biomarkers; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Chemistry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cognition Disorders; Female; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Neuropsychological Tests; Picolinic Acids; Quinolinic Acid; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Tryptophan | 2013 |
Branched-chain amino acids alter neurobehavioral function in rats.
Topics: Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Diet; Diet, High-Fat; Dietary Sucrose; Exploratory Behavior; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mood Disorders; Neurons; Obesity; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Tryptophan; Weight Gain | 2013 |
The kynurenine pathway: a missing piece in the puzzle of valproate action?
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticonvulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hippocampus; Ibuprofen; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Rats; Signal Transduction; Tryptophan; Valproic Acid | 2013 |
A community-based study on determinants of circulating markers of cellular immune activation and kynurenines: the Hordaland Health Study.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Aged; Aging; Biomarkers; Body Mass Index; Creatinine; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Motor Activity; Neopterin; Norway; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Reference Values; Smoking; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 2013 |
Hyperuricemia influences tryptophan metabolism via inhibition of multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP).
Topics: Acute-Phase Proteins; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Biological Transport; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Hyperuricemia; Kynurenic Acid; Lipocalin-2; Lipocalins; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins; Neoplasm Proteins; Oxonic Acid; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Tryptophan; Uric Acid | 2013 |
The niacin required for optimum growth can be synthesized from L-tryptophan in growing mice lacking tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Animals; Body Weight; Diet; Female; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Transgenic; Niacin; Niacinamide; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Xanthurenates | 2013 |
Synergistic effect of the L-tryptophan and kynurenic acid with dipyrone or paracetamol in mice.
Topics: Acetaminophen; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Dipyrone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Melatonin; Tryptamines; Tryptophan | 2013 |
A mathematical model of tryptophan metabolism via the kynurenine pathway provides insights into the effects of vitamin B-6 deficiency, tryptophan loading, and induction of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase on tryptophan metabolites.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Contraceptives, Oral; Female; Humans; Hydrolases; Intestines; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Liver; Mice; Models, Theoretical; Muscles; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Rats; Transaminases; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency | 2013 |
A biopsychosocial model of interferon-alpha-induced depression in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Depressive Disorder; Female; Hepatitis C, Chronic; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Interferon-alpha; Interview, Psychological; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Models, Theoretical; Neuropsychological Tests; Personal Satisfaction; Prospective Studies; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Quality of Life; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Social Support; Surveys and Questionnaires; Thyroid Function Tests; Tryptophan | 2013 |
Metabolite profile analysis reveals functional effects of 28-day vitamin B-6 restriction on one-carbon metabolism and tryptophan catabolic pathways in healthy men and women.
Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Creatine; Cystathionine; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Multivariate Analysis; Postprandial Period; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Serine; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency; Young Adult | 2013 |
Concurrent quantification of tryptophan and its major metabolites.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Limit of Detection; Rabbits; Serotonin; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2013 |
[Simultaneous determination of tryptophan and its metabolites in plasma by high performance liquid chromatography with on-column derivatization].
Topics: Acetonitriles; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Fluorescence; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Limit of Detection; Pregnancy; Reproducibility of Results; Tryptophan; Tyrosine; Zinc Acetate | 2013 |
Evaluation of kynurenine pathway metabolism in Toxoplasma gondii-infected mice: implications for schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Combinations; Female; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neuroglia; Pyrimethamine; Quinolinic Acid; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction; Sulfadiazine; Time Factors; Toxoplasmosis; Tryptophan | 2014 |
[Screening of urinary biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus].
Topics: Biomarkers; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Tryptophan | 2013 |
Evaluation of lipopeptide (daptomycin) aggregation using fluorescence, light scattering, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Calcium Signaling; Daptomycin; Drug Stability; Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; Hot Temperature; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ionophores; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Osmolar Concentration; Particle Size; Protein Stability; Solubility; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Tryptophan | 2014 |
Effect of maternal immune activation on the kynurenine pathway in preadolescent rat offspring and on MK801-induced hyperlocomotion in adulthood: amelioration by COX-2 inhibition.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Celecoxib; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Female; Gestational Age; Hyperkinesis; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Picolinic Acids; Poly I-C; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Pyrazoles; Quinolinic Acid; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Schizophrenia; Sexual Maturation; Sulfonamides; Tryptophan | 2014 |
B7 costimulation and intracellular indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase expression in umbilical cord blood and adult peripheral blood.
Topics: Adult; B7 Antigens; CD28 Antigens; CTLA-4 Antigen; Fetal Blood; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Infant, Newborn; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Monocytes; Primary Cell Culture; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; Signal Transduction; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer; Tryptophan | 2014 |
Putative neuroprotective and neurotoxic kynurenine pathway metabolites are associated with hippocampal and amygdalar volumes in subjects with major depressive disorder.
Topics: Adult; Amygdala; Anhedonia; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; C-Reactive Protein; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Gray Matter; Hippocampus; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Organ Size; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Quinolinic Acid; Receptors, Interleukin-1; Signal Transduction; Tryptophan | 2015 |
Early activation of the kynurenine pathway predicts early death and long-term outcome in patients resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Aged; Arterial Pressure; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Chromatography, Liquid; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Logistic Models; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Middle Aged; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Shock, Cardiogenic; Tryptophan | 2014 |
B7 costimulation and intracellular indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression in peripheral blood of healthy pregnant and non-pregnant women.
Topics: Adult; B7 Antigens; CD28 Antigens; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CTLA-4 Antigen; Female; Flow Cytometry; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Monocytes; Pregnancy; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; T-Lymphocytes; Tryptophan | 2014 |
Involvement of the kynurenine pathway in human glioma pathophysiology.
Topics: Antigens, CD; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; Astrocytes; Biosynthetic Pathways; Brain Neoplasms; Carboxy-Lyases; CD11b Antigen; Cells, Cultured; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disaccharides; Gene Expression; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glioma; Glucuronates; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Interferon-gamma; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Picolinic Acids; Quinolinic Acid; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 2014 |
Increased levels of IL-6 in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with chronic schizophrenia--significance for activation of the kynurenine pathway.
Topics: Adult; Astrocytes; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Schizophrenia; Tryptophan; Young Adult | 2015 |
Kynurenic acid is a nutritional cue that enables behavioral plasticity.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Caenorhabditis elegans; Cues; Fasting; Feeding Behavior; Interneurons; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serotonin; Signal Transduction; Transaminases; Tryptophan | 2015 |
A single-run liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method to quantify neuroactive kynurenine pathway metabolites in rat plasma.
Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Plasma; Rats; Tryptophan | 2015 |
Serum tryptophan and its metabolites in female dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy as treatment of pyometra or as elective spay surgery.
Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Escherichia coli; Female; Hysterectomy; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Ovariectomy; Pyometra; Reference Values; Tryptophan; Uterus | 2015 |
Large amounts of picolinic acid are lethal but small amounts increase the conversion of tryptophan-nicotinamide in rats.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Carboxy-Lyases; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Iron Chelating Agents; Kynurenic Acid; Liver; Male; Niacinamide; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pentosyltransferases; Picolinic Acids; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 2014 |
The impact of electroconvulsive therapy on the tryptophan-kynurenine metabolic pathway.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Depressive Disorder; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Tryptophan; Young Adult | 2015 |
Tryptophan catabolism and vitamin B-6 status are affected by gender and lifestyle factors in healthy young adults.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Arginine; Biomarkers; Dietary Supplements; Female; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Life Style; Male; Methionine; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Sex Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6; Xanthurenates; Young Adult | 2015 |
Absence of aryl hydrocarbon receptors increases endogenous kynurenic acid levels and protects mouse brain against excitotoxic insult and oxidative stress.
Topics: Acetyltransferases; Animals; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Oxidative Stress; Quinolinic Acid; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; Tryptophan | 2015 |
Increased Plasma Levels of Xanthurenic and Kynurenic Acids in Type 2 Diabetes.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Adult; Aged; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Metformin; Middle Aged; Prediabetic State; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Stress, Physiological; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Xanthurenates | 2015 |
Free-radical scavenging by tryptophan and its metabolites through electron transfer based processes.
Topics: Electron Transport; Free Radical Scavengers; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Models, Molecular; Thermodynamics; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 2015 |
Tryptophan pathway alterations in the postpartum period and in acute postpartum psychosis and depression.
Topics: Adult; Depression, Postpartum; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Postpartum Period; Psychotic Disorders; Puerperal Disorders; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan; Young Adult | 2016 |
Associations between intake of fish and n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and plasma metabolites related to the kynurenine pathway in patients with coronary artery disease.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Aged; Animals; Biomarkers; Body Mass Index; Cholesterol; Coronary Artery Disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; Energy Intake; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Female; Fishes; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Neopterin; Norway; Nutrition Assessment; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Seafood; Triglycerides; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 2017 |
Relationship between neurotoxic kynurenine metabolites and reductions in right medial prefrontal cortical thickness in major depressive disorder.
Topics: Adult; Brain; C-Reactive Protein; Case-Control Studies; Cerebral Cortex; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Gray Matter; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Prefrontal Cortex; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2016 |
Is the interaction between fatty acids and tryptophan responsible for the efficacy of a ketogenic diet in epilepsy? The new hypothesis of action.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Diet, Ketogenic; Epilepsy; Fatty Acids; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Implantable Neurostimulators; Ketone Bodies; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Models, Neurological; Rats, Wistar; Treatment Outcome; Tryptophan | 2016 |
Central kynurenine pathway shift with age in women.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Brain; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Middle Aged; Neopterin; Neurotoxins; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Young Adult | 2016 |
Mouse chronic social stress increases blood and brain kynurenine pathway activity and fear behaviour: Both effects are reversed by inhibition of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Citalopram; Fear; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Activity; Stress, Psychological; Tryptophan; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2016 |
Activity of the kynurenine pathway and its interplay with immunity in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Area Under Curve; Case-Control Studies; Disease Progression; Echocardiography, Doppler; Exercise Test; Female; Flow Cytometry; Humans; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Prospective Studies; ROC Curve; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory; Th17 Cells; Tryptophan | 2016 |
Mast cells' involvement in inflammation pathways linked to depression: evidence in mastocytosis.
Topics: Depression; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Mast Cells; Mastocytosis; Middle Aged; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Serotonin; Stress, Psychological; Tryptophan | 2016 |
Targeting tryptophan and tyrosine metabolism by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aggression; Animals; Chromatography, Liquid; Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders; Female; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Mice; Middle Aged; Monoamine Oxidase; Prefrontal Cortex; Serotonin; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan; Tyrosine; Young Adult | 2016 |
Altered serum levels of kynurenine metabolites in patients affected by cluster headache.
Topics: Adult; Cluster Headache; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 2015 |
Altered kynurenine pathway metabolites in serum of chronic migraine patients.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Migraine Disorders; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Quinolinic Acid; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 2015 |
Inhibition of Large Neutral Amino Acid Transporters Suppresses Kynurenic Acid Production Via Inhibition of Kynurenine Uptake in Rodent Brain.
Topics: alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Animals; Brain; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Rats, Wistar; Schizophrenia; Tryptophan | 2016 |
Tryptophan, kynurenine, and kynurenine metabolites: Relationship to lifetime aggression and inflammatory markers in human subjects.
Topics: Adult; Aggression; Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Picolinic Acids; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2016 |
Tryptophan catabolism in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and potential for inter-kingdom relationship.
Topics: Acute Lung Injury; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Immunity, Innate; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Mice; Murinae; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Transaminases; Tryptophan | 2016 |
Decreased levels of kynurenic acid in prefrontal cortex in a genetic animal model of depression.
Topics: Animals; Cerebellum; Chromatography, Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Hippocampus; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Tryptophan | 2017 |
A Simple HPLC-MS/MS Method for Determination of Tryptophan, Kynurenine and Kynurenic Acid in Human Serum and its Potential for Monitoring Antidepressant Therapy.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Case-Control Studies; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Depression; Drug Monitoring; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2017 |
Tryptophan Metabolism Along the Kynurenine Pathway Downstream of Toll-like Receptor Stimulation in Peripheral Monocytes.
Topics: Flagellin; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Hydrolysis; Imidazoles; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Lipopeptides; Lipopolysaccharides; Listeria monocytogenes; Monocytes; Poly I-C; Primary Cell Culture; Protein Isoforms; Quinolinic Acid; Signal Transduction; Toll-Like Receptors; Tryptophan | 2016 |
Kynurenine pathway and white matter microstructure in bipolar disorder.
Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Diffusion Tensor Imaging; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Serotonin; Signal Transduction; Tryptophan; White Matter; Young Adult | 2018 |
Kynurenine pathway metabolism following prenatal KMO inhibition and in Mecp2
Topics: Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Brain; Chromatography, Liquid; Female; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pregnancy; Rats, Wistar; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2016 |
Tryptophan metabolism, its relation to inflammation and stress markers and association with psychological and cognitive functioning: Tasmanian Chronic Kidney Disease pilot study.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anxiety; Biomarkers; Cognition; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Indican; Indoleacetic Acids; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Neopterin; Oxidative Stress; Pilot Projects; Prospective Studies; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tasmania; Tryptophan | 2016 |
Kynurenic acid and psychotic symptoms and personality traits in twins with psychiatric morbidity.
Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Female; Humans; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Personality; Psychotic Disorders; Quinolinic Acid; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Tryptophan; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Twins | 2017 |
Urinary metabolomics of young Italian autistic children supports abnormal tryptophan and purine metabolism.
Topics: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Coenzyme A; Dysbiosis; Female; Humans; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Indoleacetic Acids; Italy; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Melatonin; Metabolomics; Pantothenic Acid; Purines; Pyrimidines; Quinolinic Acid; Riboflavin; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6; Xanthurenates | 2016 |
Increased breakdown of kynurenine towards its neurotoxic branch in bipolar disorder.
Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Brain; Case-Control Studies; Cognition; Depression; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2017 |
Deficit Schizophrenia Is Characterized by Defects in IgM-Mediated Responses to Tryptophan Catabolites (TRYCATs): a Paradigm Shift Towards Defects in Natural Self-Regulatory Immune Responses Coupled with Mucosa-Derived TRYCAT Pathway Activation.
Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Female; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Immunoglobulin M; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Quinolinic Acid; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Signal Transduction; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 2018 |
Tryptophan breakdown and cognition in bipolar disorder.
Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Case-Control Studies; Cognition; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Sex Factors; Tryptophan | 2017 |
Effects of tryptophan, kynurenine and kynurenic acid exerted on human reconstructed corneal epithelium in vitro.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium, Corneal; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-6; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Nitric Oxide; Tissue Culture Techniques; Tryptophan | 2017 |
Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers Inhibit KAT II Activity in the Brain-Its Possible Clinical Applications.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Molecular Docking Simulation; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats, Wistar; Transaminases; Tryptophan | 2017 |
Kynurenine aminotransferase activity of Aro8/Aro9 engage tryptophan degradation by producing kynurenic acid in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Topics: Kynurenic Acid; Mutagenesis; Mutation; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Transaminases; Tryptophan | 2017 |
Metabolomics and Lipidomics Study of Mouse Models of Type 1 Diabetes Highlights Divergent Metabolism in Purine and Tryptophan Metabolism Prior to Disease Onset.
Topics: Animals; Autoimmunity; Chromatography, Liquid; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Discriminant Analysis; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Gene Expression; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; Islets of Langerhans; Kynurenic Acid; Lipid Metabolism; Lysophospholipids; Metabolomics; Mice; Mice, Inbred NOD; Mice, SCID; Mice, Transgenic; Prediabetic State; Principal Component Analysis; Protein Multimerization; Purines; Tryptophan | 2018 |
Dimerization and oxidation of tryptophan in UV-A photolysis sensitized by kynurenic acid.
Topics: alpha-Crystallins; Animals; Cattle; Chemical Fractionation; Dimerization; Electron Transport; Kynurenic Acid; Lens, Crystalline; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Photolysis; Photosensitizing Agents; Singlet Oxygen; Superoxides; Tryptophan; Ultraviolet Rays | 2017 |
Prenatal Dynamics of Kynurenine Pathway Metabolism in Mice: Focus on Kynurenic Acid.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Female; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Mice; Placenta; Pregnancy; Tryptophan | 2017 |
Determination of tryptophan derivatives in kynurenine pathway in fermented foods using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.
Topics: Beer; Cheese; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; Cultured Milk Products; Fermented Foods; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan; Wine | 2018 |
Simultaneous determination of tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, xanthurenic acid and 5-hydroxytryptamine in human plasma by LC-MS/MS and its application to acute myocardial infarction monitoring.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; Chromatography, Liquid; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Linear Models; Myocardial Infarction; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Serotonin; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 2018 |
A validated liquid chromatography-high resolution-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous quantitation of tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, and quinolinic acid in human plasma.
Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Humans; Isotope Labeling; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Limit of Detection; Metabolome; Quinolinic Acid; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2018 |
Effect of Kynurenic Acid on Pupae Viability of Drosophila melanogaster cinnabar and cardinal Eye Color Mutants with Altered Tryptophan-Kynurenine Metabolism.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Drosophila melanogaster; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Eye Color; Gene Expression; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Mercury Compounds; Microarray Analysis; Pupa; Signal Transduction; Tryptophan | 2018 |
Kynurenine pathway changes in late-life depression.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Tryptophan | 2018 |
Kynurenine Pathway in Autism Spectrum Disorders in Children.
Topics: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Biomarkers; Child; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Comorbidity; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2017 |
Sex Differences in Hippocampal Memory and Kynurenic Acid Formation Following Acute Sleep Deprivation in Rats.
Topics: Animals; Cognition; Corticosterone; Female; Hippocampus; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Memory; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sex Characteristics; Sleep Deprivation; Tryptophan | 2018 |
Chronic Mild Stress Alters Kynurenine Pathways Changing the Glutamate Neurotransmission in Frontal Cortex of Rats.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Chronic Disease; Cytokines; Frontal Lobe; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Inflammation Mediators; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Stress, Psychological; Synaptic Transmission; Tryptophan | 2019 |
Psychosocial stress and inflammation driving tryptophan breakdown in children and adolescents: A cross-sectional analysis of two cohorts.
Topics: Adolescent; C-Reactive Protein; Child; Cohort Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cytokines; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-6; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Stress, Psychological; Tryptophan; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2018 |
Altered tryptophan catabolite concentrations in major depressive disorder and associated changes in hippocampal subfield volumes.
Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; CA2 Region, Hippocampal; CA3 Region, Hippocampal; Chromatography, Liquid; Depressive Disorder, Major; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Female; Hippocampus; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Quinolinic Acid; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2018 |
Simultaneous determination of tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid and two monoamines in rat plasma by HPLC-ECD/DAD.
Topics: Amino Acids, Essential; Animals; Boron; Chemical Fractionation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Depression; Diamond; Electrochemical Techniques; Electrodes; Fluorescence; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Limit of Detection; Models, Animal; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sensitivity and Specificity; Serotonin; Tryptophan | 2018 |
The Effects of Tryptophan Catabolites on Negative Symptoms and Deficit Schizophrenia are Partly Mediated by Executive Impairments: Results of Partial Least Squares Path Modeling.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Cognition Disorders; Executive Function; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin M; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase; Male; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Picolinic Acids; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Quinolinic Acid; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates; Young Adult | 2018 |
Alterations in the metabolism of tryptophan in patients with chronic hepatitis C six months after pegylated interferon-α 2a treatment.
Topics: Adult; Antiviral Agents; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Female; Hepatitis C; Hepatitis C, Chronic; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Interferon-alpha; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Polyethylene Glycols; Recombinant Proteins; Tryptophan | 2018 |
Serum Tryptophan, Tryptophan Catabolites and Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor in Subgroups of Youngsters with Autism Spectrum Disorders.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Adolescent; Analysis of Variance; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Child; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2018 |
Hypothesis kynurenic and quinolinic acids: The main players of the kynurenine pathway and opponents in inflammatory disease.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Models, Theoretical; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tryptophan | 2018 |
Dietary hydrogenated vegetable fat exacerbates the activation of kynurenine pathway caused by peripheral lipopolysaccharide immune challenge in aged mice.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Corticosterone; Dietary Fats; Hippocampus; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Interferon-gamma; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase; Lipopolysaccharides; Locomotion; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Prefrontal Cortex; Transaminases; Tryptophan; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vegetables | 2018 |
Tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid concentrations and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity in serum and milk of dairy cows with subclinical mastitis caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci.
Topics: Animals; Case-Control Studies; Cattle; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Mastitis, Bovine; Milk; Poland; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus; Tryptophan | 2018 |
Antidepressant effect of repeated ketamine administration on kynurenine pathway metabolites in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression.
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Adult; Antidepressive Agents; Bipolar Disorder; China; Chromatography, Liquid; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Ketamine; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2018 |
Cross-sectional relationship between kynurenine pathway metabolites and cognitive function in major depressive disorder.
Topics: Adult; Chromatography, Liquid; Cognition; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2019 |
Low Serum Tryptophan Levels as an Indicator of Global Cognitive Performance in Nondemented Women over 50 Years of Age.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cognition; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Middle Aged; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2018 |
Serum xanthurenic acid levels: Reduced in subjects at ultra high risk for psychosis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Prodromal Symptoms; Psychotic Disorders; Quinolinic Acid; Risk; Schizophrenia; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates; Young Adult | 2019 |
HPLC method for the assessment of tryptophan metabolism utilizing separate internal standard for each detector.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Calibration; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Kynurenic Acid; Limit of Detection; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Reference Standards; Reproducibility of Results; Serotonin; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Tryptophan | 2019 |
Changes in tryptophan and kynurenine pathway metabolites in the blood of children treated with ketogenic diet for refractory epilepsy.
Topics: Adolescent; Biomarkers; Child; Child, Preschool; Diet, Ketogenic; Drug Resistant Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Infant; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Tryptophan | 2019 |
Changes in tryptophan metabolism during pregnancy and postpartum periods: Potential involvement in postpartum depressive symptoms.
Topics: Adult; Depression; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Tryptophan | 2019 |
Kinetic evaluation of the formation of tryptophan derivatives in the kynurenine pathway during wort fermentation using Saccharomyces pastorianus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Topics: Beer; Biosynthetic Pathways; Fermentation; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Logistic Models; Neuroprotective Agents; Plant Preparations; Saccharomyces; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Triticum; Tryptophan | 2019 |
Development of an underivatized LC-MS/MS method for quantitation of 14 neurotransmitters in rat hippocampus, plasma and urine: Application to CUMS induced depression rats.
Topics: Animals; Blood Chemical Analysis; Chromatography, Liquid; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Limit of Detection; Linear Models; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Phenylalanine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reproducibility of Results; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan; Urinalysis | 2019 |
Twin study shows association between monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and kynurenic acid in cerebrospinal fluid.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Bipolar Disorder; Chemokine CCL2; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Quinolinic Acid; Schizophrenia; Sweden; Tryptophan | 2020 |
Transplantation of microbiota from drug-free patients with schizophrenia causes schizophrenia-like abnormal behaviors and dysregulated kynurenine metabolism in mice.
Topics: Animals; Case-Control Studies; Dopamine; Fecal Microbiota Transplantation; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Mice; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Serotonin; Tryptophan | 2020 |
Application of the optimized and validated LC-MS method for simultaneous quantification of tryptophan metabolites in culture medium from cancer cells.
Topics: Acetaldehyde; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Culture Media; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Limit of Detection; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolomics; Ovarian Neoplasms; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2019 |
Exhaustion of CD4+ T-cells mediated by the Kynurenine Pathway in Melanoma.
Topics: B7-H1 Antigen; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; Coculture Techniques; Culture Media, Conditioned; Forkhead Transcription Factors; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Interferon-gamma; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Melanoma; Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolomics; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; Skin Neoplasms; Tryptophan; Tumor Microenvironment; Up-Regulation | 2019 |
Abdominal Adipose Tissue Is Associated With Alterations in Tryptophan-Kynurenine Metabolism and Markers of Systemic Inflammation in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
Topics: Abdominal Fat; Aged; Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; HIV; HIV Infections; Humans; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Neopterin; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan; Waist-Hip Ratio | 2020 |
Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry quantitative profiling of tryptophan metabolites in human plasma and its application to clinical study.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Adult; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Linear Models; Male; Middle Aged; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2019 |
Tryptophan metabolite concentrations in depressed patients before and after electroconvulsive therapy.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Affect; Case-Control Studies; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Picolinic Acids; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan; Xanthurenates | 2020 |
Serotonin is the main tryptophan metabolite associated with psychiatric comorbidity in abstinent cocaine-addicted patients.
Topics: Adult; Case-Control Studies; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Comorbidity; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mental Disorders; Serotonin; Tryptophan | 2019 |
The kynurenine pathway and bipolar disorder: intersection of the monoaminergic and glutamatergic systems and immune response.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bipolar Disorder; Humans; Immunity; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Middle Aged; Tryptophan; Young Adult | 2021 |
UV-A induced damage to lysozyme via Type I photochemical reactions sensitized by kynurenic acid.
Topics: Electron Transport; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Muramidase; Oxidation-Reduction; Tryptophan | 2020 |
Associations among peripheral and central kynurenine pathway metabolites and inflammation in depression.
Topics: Depression; Humans; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tryptophan | 2020 |
A validated UHPLC-MS method for tryptophan metabolites: Application in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Calibration; Case-Control Studies; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Middle Aged; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting; Picolinic Acids; Quinolinic Acid; Reference Standards; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan; Young Adult | 2020 |
Intensive Care Unit Delirium in Surgical Patients Is Associated with Upregulation in Tryptophan Metabolism.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Delirium; Female; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Metabolomics; Middle Aged; Organ Dysfunction Scores; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Tryptophan; Up-Regulation | 2020 |
A Tryptophan Metabolite, 8-Hydroxyquinaldic Acid, Exerts Antiproliferative and Anti-Migratory Effects on Colorectal Cancer Cells.
Topics: Antigens, CD; beta Catenin; Cadherins; Cell Cycle Proteins; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Colorectal Neoplasms; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; HT29 Cells; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Mitochondria; Tryptophan; Wnt Signaling Pathway | 2020 |
Kynurenic Acid Levels are Increased in the CSF of Alzheimer's Disease Patients.
Topics: Aged; Alzheimer Disease; Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Tryptophan | 2020 |
Neurotransmitter and tryptophan metabolite concentration changes in the complete Freund's adjuvant model of orofacial pain.
Topics: Animals; Facial Pain; Freund's Adjuvant; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin; Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus; Tryptophan; Vibrissae | 2020 |
Preliminary comparative analysis of kynurenine pathway metabolites in chronic ketamine users, schizophrenic patients, and healthy controls.
Topics: Adult; Case-Control Studies; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Humans; Ketamine; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Schizophrenia; Substance-Related Disorders; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Time Factors; Tryptophan; Young Adult | 2020 |
Plasma tryptophan and kynurenine pathway metabolites in abstinent patients with alcohol use disorder and high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aging; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Body Mass Index; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Mental Disorders; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Middle Aged; Serotonin; Sex Characteristics; Tryptophan; Young Adult | 2020 |
Rickettsial pathogen uses arthropod tryptophan pathway metabolites to evade reactive oxygen species in tick cells.
Topics: Anaplasma phagocytophilum; Animals; Hemin; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Hydrolases; Ixodes; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; NADP; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA Interference; Transaminases; Tryptophan; Tryptophan Oxygenase; Up-Regulation; Xanthurenates | 2020 |
Intestinal microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites are predictive of Ah receptor activity.
Topics: Animals; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors; Cecum; Diet; Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gastrointestinal Tract; Humans; Indoleacetic Acids; Indoles; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; Signal Transduction; Tryptophan | 2020 |
Evidence that a deviation in the kynurenine pathway aggravates atherosclerotic disease in humans.
Topics: Carotid Artery Diseases; Down-Regulation; Humans; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Macrophages; Plaque, Atherosclerotic; Tryptophan; Up-Regulation | 2021 |
Altered kynurenine pathway metabolite levels in toddlers and preschool children with autism spectrum disorder.
Topics: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Alterations in plasma kynurenine pathway metabolites in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder and unaffected offspring of bipolar parents: A preliminary study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Child; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Parents; Tryptophan | 2021 |
Plasma metabolomics supports the use of long-duration cardiac arrest rodent model to study human disease by demonstrating similar metabolic alterations.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Carnitine; Disease Models, Animal; Fatty Acids; Heart Arrest; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Metabolomics; Phospholipids; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Severity of Illness Index; Tryptophan | 2020 |
Central levels of tryptophan metabolites in subjects with bipolar disorder.
Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Chromatography, Liquid; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2021 |
The role of anthranilic acid in the increase of depressive symptoms and major depressive disorder during treatment for hepatitis C with pegylated interferon-α2a and oral ribavirin.
Topics: Adult; Antiviral Agents; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Hepatitis C, Chronic; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Interferon-alpha; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Polyethylene Glycols; Recombinant Proteins; Ribavirin; Tryptophan | 2021 |
Tryptophan Derivatives by
Topics: Chromatography, Liquid; Culture Media; Fermentation; Glycine max; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Melatonin; Neurotransmitter Agents; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Signal Transduction; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2021 |
Tryptophan Pathway Abnormalities in a Murine Model of Hereditary Glaucoma.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Susceptibility; Genetic Diseases, Inborn; Glaucoma; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Mice; Retina; Species Specificity; Tryptophan | 2021 |
Chronic restraint stress induced changes in colonic homeostasis-related indexes and tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism in rats.
Topics: Animals; Colon; Homeostasis; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Rats; Tryptophan | 2021 |
Effects of neuroactive metabolites of the tryptophan pathway on working memory and cortical thickness in schizophrenia.
Topics: Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Memory, Short-Term; Quinolinic Acid; Schizophrenia; Tryptophan | 2021 |
The kynurenine pathway in schizophrenia and other mental disorders: Insight from meta-analyses on the peripheral blood levels of tryptophan and related metabolites.
Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Schizophrenia; Tryptophan | 2021 |
Effect of 4-week physical exercises on tryptophan, kynurenine and kynurenic acid content in human sweat.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Exercise; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Middle Aged; Sweat; Tryptophan | 2021 |
Influence of pH on radical reactions between kynurenic acid and amino acids tryptophan and tyrosine. Part I. Amino acids in free state.
Topics: Amino Acids; Free Radicals; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Oxidation-Reduction; Tryptophan; Tyrosine | 2021 |
Methylphenidate ameliorates the homeostatic balance between levels of kynurenines in ADHD children.
Topics: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Child; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Methylphenidate; Tryptophan | 2021 |
Kynurenic acid may underlie sex-specific immune responses to COVID-19.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Case-Control Studies; COVID-19; Cytokine Release Syndrome; Cytokines; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Logistic Models; Male; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolomics; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; SARS-CoV-2; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Factors; Signal Transduction; Tryptophan | 2021 |
The association between plasma tryptophan catabolites and depression: The role of symptom profiles and inflammation.
Topics: Depression; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tryptophan | 2021 |
Influence of pH on radical reactions between kynurenic acid and amino acids tryptophan and tyrosine. Part II. Amino acids within the protein globule of lysozyme.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Chickens; Female; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kynurenic Acid; Muramidase; Oxidation-Reduction; Tryptophan; Tyrosine | 2021 |
Bupi Yishen formula attenuates kidney injury in 5/6 nephrectomized rats via the tryptophan-kynurenic acid-aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway.
Topics: Animals; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Inflammation; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Metabolome; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Tryptophan | 2021 |
Kynurenic acid and its chromophoric core 4-hydroxyquinoline react with tryptophan
Topics: Electron Transport; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydroxyquinolines; Kynurenic Acid; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Tryptophan; Tyrosine | 2021 |
Does the type of exercise affect tryptophan catabolism in horses?
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Horses; Kynurenic Acid; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2021 |
Kynurenine pathway activation and deviation to anthranilic and kynurenic acid in fibrosing chronic graft-versus-host disease.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Chemokine CXCL9; Female; Fibrosis; Gene Expression Regulation; Graft vs Host Disease; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Interleukin-18; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase; Leukemia; Lymphoma; Male; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Middle Aged; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Retrospective Studies; Riboflavin; Severity of Illness Index; Signal Transduction; Stem Cell Transplantation; Transplantation, Homologous; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 | 2021 |
Metabolite trajectories across the perinatal period and mental health: A preliminary study of tryptophan-related metabolites, bile acids and microbial composition.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Bile Acids and Salts; Chromatography, Liquid; Depression; Dietary Fiber; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Feasibility Studies; Feces; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Mental Health; Perinatal Care; Pilot Projects; Pregnancy; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2022 |
The immune-kynurenine pathway in social anxiety disorder.
Topics: Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Phobia, Social; Schizophrenia; Tryptophan | 2022 |
The Role of Kynurenines in Cognitive Dysfunction in Bipolar Disorder.
Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Cognitive Dysfunction; Humans; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Kynurenine pathway in Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Potential role in prognosis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; COVID-19; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Middle Aged; Picolinic Acids; Prognosis; Quinolinic Acid; SARS-CoV-2; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Kynurenine and kynurenic acid: Two human neuromodulators found in Cannabis sativa L.
Topics: Animals; Cannabis; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Neurotransmitter Agents; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Disturbance of neurotransmitter metabolism in drug-naïve, first-episode major depressive disorder: a comparative study on adult and adolescent cohorts.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Biomarkers; Depressive Disorder, Major; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Serotonin; Tryptophan; Vanilmandelic Acid | 2022 |
Naphthalene-functionalized resorcinarene as selective, fluorescent self-quenching sensor for kynurenic acid.
Topics: Calixarenes; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Naphthalenes; Phenylalanine; Tryptophan; Water | 2022 |
Influence of periodontal inflammation on tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism: a cross-sectional study.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Elevated serum levels of kynurenine pathway metabolites in patients with Behçet disease.
Topics: Behcet Syndrome; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Kynurenine pathway and autism spectrum phenotypes: an investigation among adults with autism spectrum disorder and their first-degree relatives.
Topics: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Autistic Disorder; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Phenotype; Tryptophan | 2023 |
Further characterization of tryptophan metabolism and its dysregulation in fibroids.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Leiomyoma; NAD; RNA, Messenger; Serotonin; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Abnormal Activation of Tryptophan-Kynurenine Pathway in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Quinolinic Acid; Serotonin; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Psychological outcomes of COVID-19 survivors at sixth months after diagnose: the role of kynurenine pathway metabolites in depression, anxiety, and stress.
Topics: Anxiety; Biomarkers; COVID-19; Depression; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Survivors; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Tryptophan intake is related to a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms during pregnancy in Japan: baseline data from the Kyushu Okinawa Maternal and Child Health Study.
Topics: Calcium; Child; Child Health; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Female; Humans; Isoflavones; Japan; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prevalence; Quinolinic Acids; Serotonin; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tobacco Smoke Pollution; Tryptophan; Vitamin D | 2022 |
A sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of the metabolites in the tryptophan pathway in rat plasma.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Animals; Biomarkers; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Liquid; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Rats; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; TRPM Cation Channels; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism during acute alcohol withdrawal in patients with alcohol use disorder: The role of immune activation.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Biomarkers; Humans; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Neopterin; Quinolinic Acid; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tryptophan | 2022 |
The relationship between central fatigue and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder of the inattentive type.
Topics: Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Cognition; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Quality of Life; Serotonin; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Altered Tryptophan Metabolism on the Kynurenine Pathway in Depressive Patients with Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth.
Topics: Chromatography, Liquid; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Rifaximin; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Establishment of an early diagnosis model of colon cancerous bowel obstruction based on 1H NMR.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Biomarkers; Colon; Early Diagnosis; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Phenylalanine; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Tryptophan; Tyrosine | 2022 |
Binge-like mephedrone treatment induces memory impairment concomitant with brain kynurenic acid reduction in mice.
Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Methamphetamine; Mice; Transaminases; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Simultaneous determination of serum tryptophan metabolites in an older Chinese population.
Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; East Asian People; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Serotonin; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2023 |
Identification and characterization of the kynurenine pathway in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Lymnaea; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Detection of the role of intestinal flora and tryptophan metabolism involved in antidepressant-like actions of crocetin based on a multi-omics approach.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Arachidonic Acid; Arginine; Cytokines; Depression; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Hippocampus; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Inflammation; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Occludin; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; Serotonin; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Stress, Psychological; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Decreased cerebrospinal fluid kynurenic acid in epileptic spasms: A biomarker of response to corticosteroids.
Topics: 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Animals; Biomarkers; Chromatography, Liquid; Epilepsy; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Quinolinic Acid; Spasm; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2022 |
A multiple-metabolites model to predict preliminary renal injury induced by iodixanol based on UHPLC/Q-Orbitrap-MS and
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Biomarkers; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Humans; Indoles; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Leucine; Metabolomics; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Relationship between the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway and painful physical symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder.
Topics: Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Pain; Quinolinic Acid; Serotonin; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Associations between circulating interferon and kynurenine/tryptophan pathway metabolites: support for a novel potential mechanism for cognitive dysfunction in SLE.
Topics: Cognitive Dysfunction; Humans; Interferons; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Dysregulation of tryptophan metabolism and distortion of cell signaling after oral exposure to ethanol and Kynurenic acid.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Ethanol; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Mice; Signal Transduction; Tryptophan | 2023 |
Differential Levels of Tryptophan-Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites in the Hippocampus, Anterior Temporal Lobe, and Neocortex in an Animal Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Hippocampus; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Neocortex; Rats; Temporal Lobe; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Longitudinal Associations of Adherence to the Dietary World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) and Dutch Healthy Diet (DHD) Recommendations with Plasma Kynurenines in Colorectal Cancer Survivors after Treatment.
Topics: Cancer Survivors; Colorectal Neoplasms; Diet; Diet, Healthy; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Tryptophan; United States | 2022 |
Comparative analysis of tryptophan and downstream metabolites of the kynurenine and serotonin pathways in patients with arterial hypertension and coronary artery disease.
Topics: Atherosclerosis; Coronary Artery Disease; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Hypertension; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Quinolinic Acid; Serotonin; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Obesity-Induced Memory Deficits in Female Rats Are Oestrous Cycle Dependent and Linked to Impaired Brain Kynurenine Pathway Metabolism.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Female; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Memory Disorders; NAD; Obesity; Rats; Tryptophan | 2023 |
Tryptophan catabolites and depression in the general population: results from the Gutenberg Health Study.
Topics: Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tryptophan | 2023 |
Simultaneous measurement of kynurenine metabolites and explorative metabolomics using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: A novel accurate method applied to serum and plasma samples from a large healthy cohort.
Topics: Chromatography, Liquid; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan; Young Adult | 2023 |
Beneficial Effect of Increased Tryptophan Intake on Its Metabolism and Mental State of the Elderly.
Topics: Aged; Chromatography, Liquid; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tryptophan | 2023 |
Changes in Tryptophan Metabolism on Serotonin and Kynurenine Pathways in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
Topics: Chromatography, Liquid; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Serotonin; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2023 |
Kynurenic acid blunts A1 astrocyte activation against neurodegeneration in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.
Topics: alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Animals; Astrocytes; HIV; HIV Infections; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurocognitive Disorders; Tryptophan | 2023 |
Cluster headache and kynurenines.
Topics: Cluster Headache; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Neuroinflammatory Diseases; Tryptophan | 2023 |
The association between inflammation and kynurenine pathway metabolites in electroconvulsive therapy for schizophrenia: Implications for clinical efficacy.
Topics: Electroconvulsive Therapy; Humans; Interleukin-18; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; RNA, Messenger; Schizophrenia; Treatment Outcome; Tryptophan | 2023 |
Relationship of tryptophan metabolites with the type and severity of multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Mammals; Multiple Sclerosis; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2023 |
LC-MS/MS-based quantification of tryptophan, kynurenine, and kynurenic acid in human placental, fetal membranes, and umbilical cord samples.
Topics: Chromatography, Liquid; Extraembryonic Membranes; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Placenta; Pregnancy; Reproducibility of Results; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan; Umbilical Cord | 2023 |
The gut microbiota-induced kynurenic acid recruits GPR35-positive macrophages to promote experimental encephalitis.
Topics: Animals; Encephalitis; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Kynurenic Acid; Macrophages; Tryptophan | 2023 |
Kynurenic acid, a key L-tryptophan-derived metabolite, protects the heart from an ischemic damage.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Animals; Heart; Hypoxia; Kynurenic Acid; Mitochondria, Heart; Rats; Tryptophan | 2023 |
Lower levels of the neuroprotective tryptophan metabolite, kynurenic acid, in users of estrogen contraceptives.
Topics: Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; Estrogens; Female; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Pregnancy; Pyridoxine; Tryptophan; Vitamin B 6 | 2023 |
Plasma Tryptophan-Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites and Risk for Progression to End-Stage Kidney Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.
Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Tryptophan | 2023 |
Differential Effects of Hypothermia and SZR72 on Cerebral Kynurenine and Kynurenic Acid in a Piglet Model of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.
Topics: Animals; Asphyxia; Hypothermia; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Swine; Tryptophan | 2023 |
Quantitative LC-MS study of compounds found predictive of COVID-19 severity and outcome.
Topics: Chromatography, Liquid; COVID-19; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Metabolomics; SARS-CoV-2; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan | 2023 |
Maternal Tryptophan Catabolites and Insulin Resistance Parameters in Preeclampsia.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Tryptophan | 2023 |
Longitudinal associations of macronutrient and micronutrient intake with plasma kynurenines in colorectal cancer survivors up to 12 months posttreatment.
Topics: Eating; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Micronutrients; Neoplasms; Nutrients; Prospective Studies; Quality of Life; Survivors; Tryptophan | 2023 |