kynurenic acid has been researched along with 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione in 112 studies
Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 7 (6.25) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 73 (65.18) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 23 (20.54) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 9 (8.04) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
Authors | Studies |
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Copenhagen, DR; Dixon, DB | 1 |
Becker, DP; Hovda, DA; Katayama, Y; Kawamata, T; Yoshino, A | 1 |
Arellano, RO; Conde-Guerri, B; Matute, C; Miledi, R | 1 |
DiMicco, JA; Soltis, RP | 2 |
Bear, MF; Connors, BW; Press, WA | 1 |
Di Loreto, S; Florio, T; Scarnati, E | 1 |
Lu, CL; Shaikh, MB; Siegel, A | 1 |
Pinnock, RD | 1 |
Dubner, R; Hylden, JL; Ren, K; Ruda, MA; Williams, GM | 1 |
Brown, T; Dingledine, R; Eaton, JV; McBain, CJ | 1 |
Fink, K; Göthert, M; Schultheiss, R | 1 |
Mody, I; Staley, KJ | 1 |
Colquhoun, D; Edwards, FA; Gibb, AJ | 1 |
Kim, HG; Miller, RF | 1 |
Armstrong, DM; Costa, E; Mereu, G; Vicini, S | 1 |
Dudek, FE; Wuarin, JP | 1 |
Davidoff, RA; Hackman, JC | 1 |
Gallo, V; Levi, G; Patrizio, M | 1 |
Choi, DW; Goldberg, MP; Kaku, DA | 1 |
Andrew, M; Farley, JM; Ho, IK; Oden, G; Rockhold, RW | 1 |
Abrahams, TP; Gillis, RA; Hornby, PJ; Taveira DaSilva, AM; Walton, DP | 1 |
Cerne, R; Gerber, G; Randić, M | 1 |
Bruce, EN; Jung, R; Katona, PG | 1 |
Christenson, J; Grillner, S | 1 |
Eshhar, N; Ortega, A; Teichberg, VI | 1 |
Larson-Prior, LJ; McCrimmon, DR; Slater, NT | 1 |
Okamoto, K; Sakai, Y; Sekiguchi, M | 1 |
Feldman, JL; Liu, G; Smith, JC | 1 |
Boeijinga, PH; Lopes da Silva, FH; Pennartz, CM | 1 |
Doi, K; Matsunaga, T; Tsumoto, T | 1 |
Harris, KM; Miller, RJ | 1 |
Garthwaite, G; Garthwaite, J | 1 |
Evans, RH; Long, SK | 1 |
Gerber, G; Randić, M | 1 |
Aizenman, E; Karschin, A; Lipton, SA | 1 |
Morris, R | 1 |
Wu, SM; Yang, XL | 1 |
Herrera, AJ; Osborne, NN | 1 |
Dowling, JE; Grant, GB | 1 |
Hatton, GI; Smithson, KG; Yang, QZ | 1 |
Bessho, Y; Nakanishi, S; Nawa, H | 1 |
Henry, JL; Radhakrishnan, V | 1 |
Bading, H; Dudek, H; Greenberg, ME; Lipton, SA; Segal, MM; Sucher, NJ | 1 |
Ammendola, D; De Sarro, A; De Sarro, G; Nava, F | 1 |
Magistretti, PJ; Pellerin, L; Stella, N | 1 |
Czachurski, J; Offner, B; Seller, H; Zanzinger, J | 1 |
Hirota, A; Kamino, K; Momose-Sato, Y; Sakai, T; Sato, K | 2 |
Brady, RJ; Smith, KL; Swann, JW | 1 |
Sugiyama, M; Takahashi, MP; Tsumoto, T | 1 |
Haddad, GG; Jiang, C | 1 |
Bernardi, G; Calabresi, P; Mercuri, NB | 1 |
Krnjević, K; Zhu, PJ | 1 |
Abrahams, TP; Chen, K; Dasilva, AM; Gillis, RA; Hornby, PJ | 1 |
Onozuka, M; Watanabe, K | 1 |
Abercrombie, ED; Keefe, KA; Zigmond, MJ | 1 |
Abe, K; Saito, H | 1 |
Féger, J; Mouroux, M | 1 |
Gdovin, M; Li, A; Nattie, EE | 1 |
Buchwald, NA; Cohen, RW; Levine, MS; Radisavljevic, Z; Siviy, SM; Walsh, JP | 1 |
Brainard, MS; Feldman, DE; Knudsen, EI | 1 |
DaSilva, AM; Gillis, RA; McManigle, JE; Panico, WH | 1 |
Chapman, V; Dickenson, AH | 1 |
Aniksztejn, L; Ben-Ari, Y | 1 |
Chen, K; Godfrey, DA; Waller, HJ | 1 |
Attwell, D; Sarantis, M; Takahashi, M | 1 |
McEwen, BS; Schwartzkroin, PA; Weiland, NG; Woolley, CS | 1 |
Arnelle, DR; Choi, YB; D'Emilia, DM; Kim, WK; Kumar, S; Lipton, SA; Rayudu, PV; Stamler, JS | 1 |
Niu, YP; Wigstrom, H; Xiao, MY | 1 |
Fukumori, R; Kubo, T; Yamaguchi, H; Yanagihara, Y | 1 |
Kitai, ST | 1 |
Illes, P; Nieber, K; Poelchen, W | 1 |
Fujimoto, I; Fukuda, A; Hida, H; Muramatsu, K; Nishino, H; Okabe, A; Shimano, Y | 1 |
Butcher, KS; Cechetto, DF | 1 |
Dong, L; Durham, HD; Figlewicz, DA; Minotti, S; Roy, J | 1 |
Bear, MF; Huganir, RL; Philpot, BD; Quinlan, EM | 1 |
Bongianni, F; Deliagina, TG; Grillner, S | 1 |
Mazarati, AM; Wasterlain, CG | 1 |
Cano, J; Machado, A; Merino, M; Vizuete, ML | 1 |
Andrew, RD; Jarvis, CR; Obeidat, AS | 1 |
Frerking, M; Mellor, J; Nicoll, RA; Schmitz, D | 1 |
Wang, LY | 1 |
Chu, ZG; Hablitz, JJ; Zhou, FM | 1 |
Anderson, TR; Andrew, RD; Jarvis, CR | 1 |
Brown, AM; Ransom, BR; Wender, R | 1 |
Aston-Jones, G; Ivanov, A | 1 |
Barnabi, F; Cechetto, DF | 1 |
Bakalkin, G; Esashi, A; Kisara, K; Nakagawasai, O; Niijima, F; Sakurada, C; Sakurada, T; Tadano, T; Tan-No, K; Terenius, L | 1 |
Dingledine, R; Maccaferri, G | 1 |
Bradaïa, A; Trouslard, J | 1 |
Avoli, M; Barbarosie, M; D'Antuono, M; Kurcewicz, I; Louvel, J | 1 |
Fogel, R; Zhang, X | 1 |
Chai, CY; Hong, LZ | 1 |
Bongianni, F; Mutolo, D; Nardone, F; Pantaleo, T | 1 |
Li, ZS; Liao, Z; Lu, Y; Wang, WZ | 1 |
DeFazio, RA; Hablitz, JJ | 1 |
Zhou, W; Zhu, H | 1 |
Cameron, JA; Chu, XP; Clayton, C; Henshall, DC; Lan, JQ; Meller, R; Schindler, CK; Simon, RP; Torrey, DJ; Xiong, ZG | 1 |
Chen, HK; Su, CK | 1 |
Li, DP; Pan, HL | 1 |
Su, DF; Wang, LG; Wang, WZ; Yuan, WJ; Zeng, J | 1 |
Jean, A; Lebrun, B; Roux, J; Trouslard, J; Wanaverbecq, N | 1 |
Farkas, T; Fülöp, F; Kis, Z; Marosi, M; Nagy, D; Robotka, H; Rózsa, E; Toldi, J; Vécsei, L | 1 |
Chu, CP; Kannan, H; Qiu, DL | 1 |
Baginskas, A; Kuraite, V; Kuras, A | 1 |
Dawid-Milner, MS; Díaz-Casares, A; González-Barón, S; López-González, MV; Peinado-Aragonés, CA | 1 |
Ahmed, Z | 1 |
Antonelli, T; Beggiato, S; Ferraro, L; Fuxe, K; Schwarcz, R; Tanganelli, S | 1 |
Banchi, R; Branoner, F; Chagnaud, BP; Dietrich, H; Gensberger, KD; Kaufmann, AK; Straka, H | 1 |
Barbancho, MA; Carrillo de Albornoz, M; Dawid-Milner, MS; Díaz-Casares, A; González-García, M; López-González, MV; Peinado-Aragonés, CA | 1 |
Ballanyi, K; Rancic, V; Rawal, B | 1 |
112 other study(ies) available for kynurenic acid and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione
Article | Year |
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Suppression of a calcium current by CNQX and kynurenate.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cells, Cultured; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ibotenic Acid; Ictaluridae; Kynurenic Acid; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina | 1992 |
Administration of excitatory amino acid antagonists via microdialysis attenuates the increase in glucose utilization seen following concussive brain injury.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Brain; Brain Concussion; Dialysis; Energy Metabolism; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Ions; Kynurenic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1992 |
mRNA coding for neurotransmitter receptors in a human astrocytoma.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aged; Animals; Astrocytoma; Brain Neoplasms; Calcium Channels; Cell Line; Culture Techniques; Female; Glutamates; Humans; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Oocytes; Pirenzepine; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; RNA, Messenger; Xenopus | 1992 |
Hypothalamic excitatory amino acid receptors mediate stress-induced tachycardia in rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Cardiovascular System; Heart Rate; Hypothalamus, Middle; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Motor Activity; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Stress, Physiological | 1992 |
Long-term potentiation in slices of kitten visual cortex and the effects of NMDA receptor blockade.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Bicuculline; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Regression Analysis; Visual Cortex | 1992 |
Evidence that non-NMDA receptors are involved in the excitatory pathway from the pedunculopontine region to nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 2-Aminoadipic Acid; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamine; Iontophoresis; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Pons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Nigra; Synapses | 1992 |
Role of NMDA receptors in hypothalamic facilitation of feline defensive rage elicited from the midbrain periaqueductal gray.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Atropine; Cats; Female; Hypothalamus, Middle; Immunohistochemistry; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotransmitter Agents; Periaqueductal Gray; Quinoxalines; Rage; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1992 |
Activation of kappa-opioid receptors depresses electrically evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials on 5-HT-sensitive neurones in the rat dorsal raphé nucleus in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Benzofurans; Bicuculline; Bombesin; Cholecystokinin; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Prazosin; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Serotonin; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
The intrathecal administration of excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists selectively attenuated carrageenan-induced behavioral hyperalgesia in rats.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Carrageenan; Dizocilpine Maleate; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hyperalgesia; Inflammation; Injections, Spinal; Ketamine; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Valine | 1992 |
CNQX increases spontaneous inhibitory input to CA3 pyramidal neurones in neonatal rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Electric Conductivity; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Kynurenic Acid; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1992 |
Stimulation of noradrenaline release in human cerebral cortex mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adult; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Glycine; Humans; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Norepinephrine; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 1992 |
Shunting of excitatory input to dentate gyrus granule cells by a depolarizing GABAA receptor-mediated postsynaptic conductance.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Chlorides; Electrodes; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Ion Channels; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neural Conduction; Neuromuscular Junction; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1992 |
ATP receptor-mediated synaptic currents in the central nervous system.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetylcholine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Bicuculline; Brain; Chlorocebus aethiops; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglionic Blockers; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Kynurenic Acid; Mecamylamine; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Signal Transduction; Suramin; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Rods and cones activate different excitatory amino acid receptors on the mudpuppy retinal horizontal cell.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Necturus; Photic Stimulation; Photoreceptor Cells; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Retina; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Glutamate receptor subtypes mediate excitatory synaptic currents of dopamine neurons in midbrain slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Dopamine; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Mecamylamine; Mesencephalon; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses | 1991 |
Excitatory amino acid antagonists inhibit synaptic responses in the guinea pig hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Quinoxalines; Synapses | 1991 |
Dorsal root potentials in the isolated frog spinal cord: amino acid neurotransmitters and magnesium ions.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Neurons, Afferent; Picrotoxin; Potassium; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines; Rana pipiens; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Nerve Roots; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Interaction of hypothalamic GABAA and excitatory amino acid receptors controlling heart rate in rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Bicuculline; Blood Pressure; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Heart Rate; Hypothalamus; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface | 1991 |
GABA release triggered by the activation of neuron-like non-NMDA receptors in cultured type 2 astrocytes is carrier-mediated.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Astrocytes; Carrier Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Chlorides; Cyclic GMP; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Lithium; Lithium Chloride; Membrane Potentials; Membrane Proteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Nipecotic Acids; Nitroprusside; Organic Anion Transporters; Proline; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Secretory Rate; Sodium; Stimulation, Chemical | 1991 |
Antagonism of non-NMDA receptors augments the neuroprotective effect of NMDA receptor blockade in cortical cultures subjected to prolonged deprivation of oxygen and glucose.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Culture Media; Dizocilpine Maleate; Fetus; Glucose; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
Glutamate receptor antagonists block cocaine-induced convulsions and death.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cocaine; Death; Dextrorphan; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamates; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Seizures; Time Factors | 1991 |
An excitatory amino acid(s) in the ventrolateral medulla is (are) required for breathing to occur in the anesthetized cat.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Cats; Female; Glycine; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Respiration | 1991 |
Participation of excitatory amino acid receptors in the slow excitatory synaptic transmission in rat spinal dorsal horn.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Cardiorespiratory responses to glutamatergic antagonists in the caudal ventrolateral medulla of rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Blood Pressure; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hemodynamics; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Neurons; Pressoreceptors; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Reflex; Respiration | 1991 |
Primary afferents evoke excitatory amino acid receptor-mediated EPSPs that are modulated by presynaptic GABAB receptors in lamprey.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Interneurons; Kynurenic Acid; Lampreys; Mechanoreceptors; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Skin; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Properties of kainate receptor/channels on cultured Bergmann glia.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Calcium; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellar Cortex; Chick Embryo; Chlorides; Dipeptides; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Models, Neurological; Neuroglia; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Rubidium; Sodium | 1991 |
Slow excitatory amino acid receptor-mediated synaptic transmission in turtle cerebellar Purkinje cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amino Acids; Animals; Cerebellum; Electric Stimulation; Kynurenic Acid; Olivary Nucleus; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Synaptic Transmission; Turtles | 1990 |
Glycine-insensitive NMDA-sensitive receptor expressed in Xenopus oocytes by guinea pig cerebellar mRNA.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cerebellum; Electric Conductivity; Female; Glycine; Guinea Pigs; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Male; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Oocytes; Phencyclidine; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; RNA, Messenger; Xenopus laevis | 1990 |
Excitatory amino acid-mediated transmission of inspiratory drive to phrenic motoneurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Stem; In Vitro Techniques; Inhalation; Kynurenic Acid; Motor Neurons; Phrenic Nerve; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Synapses | 1990 |
Locally evoked potentials in slices of the rat nucleus accumbens: NMDA and non-NMDA receptor mediated components and modulation by GABA.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Atropine; Axons; Dipeptides; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Nucleus Accumbens; Pentobarbital; Picrotoxin; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Tubocurarine | 1990 |
Actions of excitatory amino acid antagonists on synaptic inputs to the rat medial vestibular nucleus: an electrophysiological study in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain Stem; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Neural Pathways; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Valine; Vestibular Nuclei | 1990 |
CNQX (6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione) antagonizes NMDA-evoked [3H]GABA release from cultured cortical neurons via an inhibitory action at the strychnine-insensitive glycine site.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Strychnine | 1989 |
Quisqualate neurotoxicity: a delayed, CNQX-sensitive process triggered by a CNQX-insensitive mechanism in young rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1989 |
Primary afferent depolarization in the rat spinal cord is mediated by pathways utilising NMDA and non-NMDA receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Ganglia, Spinal; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Neurons, Afferent; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Valine | 1989 |
Excitatory amino acid-mediated components of synaptically evoked input from dorsal roots to deep dorsal horn neurons in the rat spinal cord slice.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Nerve Roots | 1989 |
Two pharmacological classes of quisqualate-induced electrical responses in rat retinal ganglion cells in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Electrophysiology; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 1989 |
Responses of spinal dorsal horn neurones evoked by myelinated primary afferent stimulation are blocked by excitatory amino acid antagonists acting at kainate/quisqualate receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anterior Horn Cells; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Kynurenic Acid; Myelin Sheath; Neurons, Afferent; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord | 1989 |
Effects of CNQX, APB, PDA, and kynurenate on horizontal cells of the tiger salamander retina.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Light; Membrane Potentials; Photoreceptor Cells; Pipecolic Acids; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Retina; Urodela | 1989 |
The effect of experimental ischaemia and excitatory amino acid agonists on the GABA and serotonin immunoreactivities in the rabbit retina.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Cycloleucine; Dextromethorphan; Eye Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Intraocular Pressure; Ischemia; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Memantine; N-Methylaspartate; Oxygen; Potassium Cyanide; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina; Retinal Vessels; Serotonin | 1994 |
A glutamate-activated chloride current in cone-driven ON bipolar cells of the white perch retina.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Chloride Channels; Chlorides; Cycloleucine; Dendrites; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotoxins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Perches; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Retina; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells; Strychnine | 1995 |
NMDA and non-NMDA receptors on rat supraoptic nucleus neurons activated monosynaptically by olfactory afferents.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Female; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Neurons; Neurons, Afferent; Olfactory Pathways; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Supraoptic Nucleus; Synapses | 1995 |
Glutamate receptor agonists enhance the expression of BDNF mRNA in cultured cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Molecular Weight; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Growth Factors; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA; RNA, Messenger; Tetrodotoxin; Transcription, Genetic | 1993 |
Excitatory amino acid receptor mediation of sensory inputs to functionally identified dorsal horn neurons in cat spinal cord.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cats; Decerebrate State; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Ketamine; Kynurenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Synapses | 1993 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors are critical for mediating the effects of glutamate on intracellular calcium concentration and immediate early gene expression in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Blotting, Northern; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Electrophysiology; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, fos; Genes, jun; Glutamic Acid; Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Neurons; Nifedipine; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger | 1995 |
Effects of some excitatory amino acid antagonists on imipenem-induced seizures in DBA/2 mice.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamine; Imipenem; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred DBA; Muscimol; Piperazines; Piperidines; Quinoxalines; Seizures | 1995 |
Modulation of the glutamate-evoked release of arachidonic acid from mouse cortical neurons: involvement of a pH-sensitive membrane phospholipase A2.
Topics: 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amiloride; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Calcium; Cell Membrane; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; Glutamic Acid; Harmaline; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Phospholipases A; Phospholipases A2; Pregnancy; Time Factors; Tritium | 1995 |
Somato-sympathetic reflex transmission in the ventrolateral medulla oblongata: spatial organization and receptor types.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cats; Cold Temperature; Electric Stimulation; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Mechanoreceptors; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Neurons, Afferent; Reflex; Sympathetic Nervous System; Synaptic Transmission | 1994 |
Responses to glossopharyngeal stimulus in the early embryonic chick brainstem: spatiotemporal patterns in three dimensions from repeated multiple-site optical recording of electrical activity.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Brain Mapping; Brain Stem; Cations; Chick Embryo; Coloring Agents; Electric Stimulation; Electrochemistry; Glossopharyngeal Nerve; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Kynurenic Acid; Microscopy; Motor Neurons; Neurons, Afferent; Photometry; Rhodanine; Solitary Nucleus; Specimen Handling; Thiazolidines; Vagus Nerve; Videotape Recording | 1995 |
Localized excitatory synaptic interactions mediate the sustained depolarization of electrographic seizures in developing hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dendrites; Evoked Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Seizures; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Contribution of NMDA receptors to tetanus-induced increase in postsynaptic Ca2+ in visual cortex of young rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Female; Fluorescent Dyes; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Synapses; Visual Cortex | 1993 |
Mechanisms of anoxia-induced depolarization in brainstem neurons: in vitro current and voltage clamp studies in the adult rat.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain Stem; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Sodium | 1993 |
Chemical modulation of synaptic transmission in the striatum.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Muscarine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, GABA-B; Receptors, Muscarinic; Scopolamine; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Anoxia selectively depresses excitatory synaptic transmission in hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1994 |
The non-NMDA subtype of excitatory amino acid receptor plays the major role in control of cardiovascular function by the subretrofacial nucleus in cats.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Cats; Female; Glutamine; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Neurons; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1994 |
Glutamate elicits an outward K+ current which is normally suppressed by a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.
Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alkaloids; Animals; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Cell Membrane; Cholera Toxin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ganglia, Invertebrate; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Isoquinolines; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Pertussis Toxin; Piperazines; Potassium Channels; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Snails; Staurosporine; Sulfonamides; Time Factors; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1994 |
In vivo regulation of extracellular dopamine in the neostriatum: influence of impulse activity and local excitatory amino acids.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Biological Transport; Corpus Striatum; Dialysis; Dopamine; Exocytosis; Extracellular Space; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Microchemistry; Models, Neurological; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Endings; Neurotoxins; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Substantia Nigra; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Pharmacological isolation and characterization of NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic potential in the dentate gyrus of rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Evoked Potentials; Glycine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Male; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses | 1993 |
Evidence that the parafascicular projection to the subthalamic nucleus is glutamatergic.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Anesthesia; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Glutamates; Histocytochemistry; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Neural Pathways; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Thalamic Nuclei | 1993 |
Retrotrapezoid nucleus glutamate receptors: control of CO2-sensitive phrenic and sympathetic output.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Cats; Decerebrate State; Electrophysiology; Female; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Phrenic Nerve; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Glutamate; Respiration; Sympathetic Nervous System | 1993 |
Evidence for enhanced synaptic excitation in transplanted neostriatal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electrophysiology; Fetal Tissue Transplantation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neostriatum; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Nigra; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Newly learned auditory responses mediated by NMDA receptors in the owl inferior colliculus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Auditory Perception; Birds; Diazepam; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Inferior Colliculi; Ketamine; Kynurenic Acid; Learning; Neuronal Plasticity; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sound Localization; Synaptic Transmission; Visual Perception | 1996 |
Respiratory effects produced by microinjection of L-glutamate and an uptake inhibitor of L-glutamate into the caudal subretrofacial area of the medulla.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Cats; Cycloleucine; Dicarboxylic Acids; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Neurotoxins; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Piperazines; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Respiration; Respiratory Function Tests; Tidal Volume; Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus | 1995 |
Time-related roles of excitatory amino acid receptors during persistent noxiously evoked responses of rat dorsal horn neurones.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Formaldehyde; Injections, Spinal; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Neurons; Pain; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Time Factors | 1995 |
Expression of LTP by AMPA and/or NMDA receptors is determined by the extent of NMDA receptors activation during the tetanus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Membrane Potentials; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Presynaptic | 1995 |
Effects of parallel fiber stimulation on neurons of rat dorsal cochlear nucleus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Brain Stem; Cochlea; Cochlear Nucleus; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Nerve Fibers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1996 |
Postsynaptic glutamate uptake in rat cerebellar Purkinje cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Benzoates; Cycloleucine; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Ion Channel Gating; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Purkinje Cells; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Estradiol increases the sensitivity of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells to NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic input: correlation with dendritic spine density.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; Binding, Competitive; Dendrites; Drug Synergism; Estradiol; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Ovariectomy; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 1997 |
Optical monitoring of glutaminergic excitatory postsynaptic potentials from the early developing embryonic chick brain stem.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Brain Stem; Chick Embryo; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Signal Transduction; Synapses; Time Factors; Vagus Nerve | 1993 |
Neurotoxicity associated with dual actions of homocysteine at the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adult; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Child; Dizocilpine Maleate; Embryo, Mammalian; Evoked Potentials; Glycine; Homocysteine; Humans; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1997 |
Comparing long-term depression with pharmacologically induced synaptic attenuations in young rat hippocampi.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Presynaptic; Synapses | 1997 |
Excitatory amino acid receptors in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus mediate pressor response induced by carotid body chemoreceptor stimulation in rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Blood Pressure; Carotid Body; Chemoreceptor Cells; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate | 1997 |
Afferent control of substantia nigra compacta dopamine neurons: anatomical perspective and role of glutamatergic and cholinergic inputs.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dopamine; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Transmission | 1998 |
Role of ATP in fast excitatory synaptic potentials in locus coeruleus neurones of the rat.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenosine Triphosphate; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Picrotoxin; Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Purinergic P2; Suramin | 1997 |
NMDA receptor-mediated differential laminar susceptibility to the intracellular Ca2+ accumulation induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation in rat neocortical slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Calcium; Cell Hypoxia; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fura-2; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glucose; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Neocortex; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Somatosensory Cortex | 1998 |
Receptors in lateral hypothalamic area involved in insular cortex sympathetic responses.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Blood Pressure; Cerebral Cortex; Efferent Pathways; Electric Stimulation; Functional Laterality; Heart Rate; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Kidney; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Models, Neurological; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Sympathetic Nervous System; Synapses | 1998 |
Glutamate potentiates the toxicity of mutant Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase in motor neurons by postsynaptic calcium-dependent mechanisms.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calbindin 1; Calbindins; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic N-Oxides; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Free Radical Scavengers; Ganglia, Spinal; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; Motor Neurons; Mutagenesis; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurotoxins; Nitrogen Oxides; Oxidative Stress; Receptors, AMPA; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Spider Venoms; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Synapses | 1998 |
Rapid, experience-dependent expression of synaptic NMDA receptors in visual cortex in vivo.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Animals, Suckling; Bicuculline; Cycloheximide; Darkness; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glycine; Kynurenic Acid; Light; Male; Models, Neurological; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuronal Plasticity; Optic Nerve; Photic Stimulation; Piperidines; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sensory Deprivation; Synapses; Vision, Ocular; Visual Cortex; Zinc | 1999 |
Role of glutamate receptor subtypes in the lamprey respiratory network.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Benzoates; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Lampreys; Neurons; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Respiration | 1999 |
N-methyl-D-asparate receptor antagonists abolish the maintenance phase of self-sustaining status epilepticus in rat.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Ketamine; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Perforant Pathway; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Status Epilepticus | 1999 |
The non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonists 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione and 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline, but not NMDA antagonists, block the intrastriatal neurotoxic effect of MPP+.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Homovanillic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Microinjections; Neuroprotective Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1999 |
Glutamate does not mediate acute neuronal damage after spreading depression induced by O2/glucose deprivation in the hippocampal slice.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cortical Spreading Depression; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Neurotoxins; Oxygen; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Temperature | 2000 |
Kainate receptors and synaptic plasticity.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Isoquinolines; Kynurenic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Synapses | 2000 |
The dynamic range for gain control of NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission at a single synapse.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Auditory Pathways; Brain Stem; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Mice; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetraethylammonium | 2000 |
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated synaptic potentials in rat neocortex.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Bicuculline; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Kynurenic Acid; Mecamylamine; Neocortex; Neostigmine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Nicotinic; Synaptic Transmission | 2000 |
Anoxic depolarization mediates acute damage independent of glutamate in neocortical brain slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cortical Spreading Depression; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Kynurenic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neocortex; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate | 2001 |
Ionic mechanisms of aglycemic axon injury in mammalian central white matter.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Axons; Bepridil; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Diltiazem; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Glucose; Kynurenic Acid; Mammals; Nifedipine; Optic Nerve; Optic Nerve Diseases; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger | 2001 |
Local opiate withdrawal in locus coeruleus neurons in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Barium; Bicuculline; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Membrane Potentials; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurons; Ouabain; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tetrodotoxin; Thionucleotides | 2001 |
Neurotransmitters in the thalamus relaying visceral input to the insular cortex in the rat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Cerebral Cortex; Cobalt; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Glutamates; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Phentolamine; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Thalamus; Vagus Nerve; Viscera | 2001 |
Intrathecally administered big dynorphin, a prodynorphin-derived peptide, produces nociceptive behavior through an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor mechanism.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Injections, Spinal; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mice; Morphine; Neurokinin A; Nociceptors; Peptide Fragments; Piperidines; Protein Precursors; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Tachykinin; Substance P | 2002 |
Complex effects of CNQX on CA1 interneurons of the developing rat hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Axons; Bicuculline; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Hippocampus; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Net; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2002 |
Nicotinic receptors regulate the release of glycine onto lamina X neurones of the rat spinal cord.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aconitine; Alkaloids; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Azocines; Bicuculline; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glycine; Glycine Agents; Hexamethonium; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinolizines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Nicotinic; Spinal Cord; Strychnine; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Tubocurarine | 2002 |
Masking synchronous GABA-mediated potentials controls limbic seizures.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Culture Techniques; Electroencephalography; Entorhinal Cortex; Epilepsies, Partial; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred Strains; Nerve Net; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Potassium Channels; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 2002 |
Involvement of glutamate in gastrointestinal vago-vagal reflexes initiated by gastrointestinal distention in the rat.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Digestive System Physiological Phenomena; Duodenum; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reflex; Solitary Nucleus; Stomach; Vagus Nerve | 2003 |
Involvement of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in post-hypoxic depression of the dorsomedial medulla in cats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Cats; Depression, Chemical; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Heart Rate; Hypoxia; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Nerves | 2003 |
Respiratory responses evoked by blockades of ionotropic glutamate receptors within the Bötzinger complex and the pre-Bötzinger complex of the rabbit.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blood Pressure; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Neurons; Phrenic Nerve; Rabbits; Respiration; Time Factors; Vagotomy | 2005 |
Glutamate receptors within the nucleus of solitary tract contribute to pancreatic secretion stimulated by intraduodenal hypertonic saline.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Duodenum; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Ornithine; Osmolar Concentration; Pancreas; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Saline Solution, Hypertonic; Solitary Nucleus; Vagus Nerve | 2005 |
Horizontal spread of activity in neocortical inhibitory networks.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Diagnostic Imaging; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorescent Dyes; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Linear Models; Neocortex; Nerve Net; Neural Inhibition; Potassium Channel Blockers; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Reaction Time; Time Factors | 2005 |
Excitatory amino acid receptors are involved in morphine-induced synchronous oscillatory discharges in the locus coeruleus of rats.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Evoked Potentials; Injections, Intraventricular; Kynurenic Acid; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Morphine; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Valine | 2005 |
Activation of the caspase 8 pathway mediates seizure-induced cell death in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Caspase 8; Caspase 9; Caspases; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; DNA Damage; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hippocampus; Kynurenic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures | 2006 |
Endogenous activation of nicotinic receptors underlies sympathetic tone generation in neonatal rat spinal cord in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aconitine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Autonomic Fibers, Preganglionic; Cholinergic Fibers; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Kynurenic Acid; Mecamylamine; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Organophosphonates; Phenylalanine; Picrotoxin; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Nicotinic; Spinal Cord; Splanchnic Nerves; Sympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic; Synaptic Transmission | 2006 |
Glutamatergic inputs in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus maintain sympathetic vasomotor tone in hypertension.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Blood Pressure; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hypertension; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Pyridazines; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Sympathetic Nervous System; Vasomotor System | 2007 |
Comparative study of NMDA and AMPA/kainate receptors involved in cardiovascular inhibition produced by imidazoline-like drugs in anaesthetized rats.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Anesthesia; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Heart Rate; Imidazoles; Imidazoline Receptors; Injections, Intraventricular; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Drug; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2007 |
Depolarization-induced release of endocannabinoids by murine dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve neurons differentially regulates inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmission.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Arachidonic Acids; Benzoxazines; Brain Stem; Calcium Signaling; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Capsaicin; Efferent Pathways; Endocannabinoids; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morpholines; Naphthalenes; Neurons; Piperidines; Pyrazoles; Pyridazines; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Receptors, Presynaptic; Rimonabant; Tetrodotoxin; Vagus Nerve | 2009 |
A novel kynurenic acid analogue: a comparison with kynurenic acid. An in vitro electrophysiological study.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Microelectrodes; Neural Inhibition; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Time Factors | 2010 |
Effect of hypertonic saline on rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus parvocellular neurons in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Gadolinium; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Neurons; Osmolar Concentration; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Saline Solution, Hypertonic; Sodium Chloride | 2010 |
Frog retinal ganglion cells projecting to the tectum layer F release acetylcholine as co-mediator.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Neurotransmitter Agents; Presynaptic Terminals; Rana temporaria; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Synaptic Potentials; Synaptic Transmission; Tectum Mesencephali | 2012 |
Parabrachial complex glutamate receptors modulate the cardiorespiratory response evoked from hypothalamic defense area.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electric Stimulation; Heart Rate; Hypothalamus; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Respiration; Tachycardia | 2012 |
Electrophysiological characterization of spino-sciatic and cortico-sciatic associative plasticity: modulation by trans-spinal direct current and effects on recovery after spinal cord injury in mice.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Biophysics; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Electrodes; Evoked Potentials, Motor; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Functional Laterality; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mice; Neural Pathways; Neuronal Plasticity; Psychomotor Performance; Reaction Time; Recovery of Function; Sciatic Nerve; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries; Time Factors; Walking | 2013 |
Endogenous kynurenic acid regulates extracellular GABA levels in the rat prefrontal cortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Animals; Central Nervous System Agents; Cholinergic Agents; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Galantamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glycine; Schiff Bases | 2014 |
Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation: Cellular Substrates and Response Patterns of Neurons in the Vestibulo-Ocular Network.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Eye Movements; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Motor Neurons; Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular; Vestibular Nerve; Xenopus laevis | 2016 |
Glutamate receptors of the A5 region modulate cardiovascular responses evoked from the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus and perifornical area.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fornix, Brain; Glycine; Heart Rate; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Respiratory Rate; Tachycardia | 2018 |
TARP mediation of accelerated and more regular locus coeruleus network bursting in neonatal rat brain slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Benzodiazepines; Calcium; Kynurenic Acid; Locus Coeruleus; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Tetrodotoxin | 2019 |