kiss1-protein--human and carbamylhydrazine

This study investigated the anti-estrogenic effects of chronic exposure to a new marine pollutant, semicarbazide (SMC; 1, 10, and 100μg/L), in female Paralichthys olivaceus, as well as the associated mechanism. After 130days of exposure, plasma 17β-estradiol and testosterone concentrations, and hepatic estrogen receptors, vitellogenin, and choriogenin mRNA levels decreased significantly in SMC-exposed groups. Moreover, down-regulation of genes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, including gonadotropin-releasing hormone, gonadotropic hormones and their receptors, the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, 17α-hydroxylase, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and cytochrome P450 19A, was observed after SMC exposure. Furthermore, the kisspeptin/g protein-coupled receptor 54 (kiss/gpr54) system and gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) system were also affected by SMC: SMC significantly down-regulated mRNA expression of kiss2, gpr54, and the GABA synthesis enzyme gad67. Our results demonstrated for the first time that environmentally relevant concentrations of SMC exerted anti-estrogenicity in female flounders, providing theoretical support for ecological risk assessments of SMC in marine environments.

Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Down-Regulation; Estrogens; Female; Flounder; Kisspeptins; Male; Receptors, Estrogen; Semicarbazides; Testosterone; Vitellogenins; Water Pollutants, Chemical

Topics: Androgen Antagonists; Animals; Aquaculture; China; Embryo, Nonmammalian; Embryonic Development; Endocrine Disruptors; Enzyme Repression; Estradiol; Estrogen Antagonists; Fish Proteins; Flatfishes; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Kisspeptins; Male; Random Allocation; Semicarbazides; Testis; Testosterone; Toxicity Tests, Chronic; Water Pollutants, Chemical