kalopanax-saponin-b and beta-hederin

The stem bark of Kalopanax pictus is an anti-rheumatoidal arthritis drug in Oriental medicine. In the rheumatoidal rat, induced by Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) reagent, we investigated the effects of hederagenin monodesmosides of K. pictus on oxidative stress and hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes. Kalopanaxsaponin-A (KPS-A) significantly decreased malondialdehyde formation and the activities of xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase of hepatic non-microsomal systems in FCA reagent-treated rats. In addition, increased activity levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were also observed. The effects of KPS-A were more potent than the effects of KPS-I. These results suggested that KPS-A, extracted from K. pictus, could reduce rheumatoidal syndromes through antioxidative mechanisms.

Topics: Aminopyrine N-Demethylase; Aniline Hydroxylase; Animals; Antioxidants; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Freund's Adjuvant; Liver; Male; Oleanolic Acid; Oxidoreductases; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Saponins

In the present study, we have attempted to elucidate the active components for rheumatoidal arthritis using chloroform (CHCl(3)), ethylacetate (EtOAc) and n-butanol (BuOH) fractions of the methanol extract (MeOH) of Kalopanax pictus. Kalopanaxsaponin-A and -I (KPS-A and -I, hederagenin monodesmoside) were isolated from EtOAc fraction and kalopanaxsaponin-B, -H and -K (KPS-B, -H and -K, hederagenin bisdesmosides) obtained from BuOH fraction, respectively. MeOH extract, EtOAc fraction (250, 500 mg/kg, p.o.) and KPS-A and -I (5, 10, 20 mg/kg, i.p.) exhibited significant antinociceptive effects, which were determined by acetic acid-induced writhing test and hot plate test. On Freund's complete adjuvant reagent-induced rheumatoidal arthritis in rats, the administration of EtOAc fraction and KPS-A and -I inhibited edema, agglutination, vascular permeability and trypsin inhibitor. In addition, LD(50) of the MeOH extract was shown to be 4.033 mg/kg. These results suggest that anti-rheumatoidal effects of KPS-A and -I contribute to the inhibition of kinin formation by suppression of trypsin inhibitor activity.

Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Araliaceae; Arthritis, Experimental; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Oleanolic Acid; Pain Measurement; Phytotherapy; Plant Bark; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Saponins

Two crystalline components I and II were isolated from the total saponin of Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunb.) koidz. Crystalline II was identified as kalopanax saponin A and I was named as Kalopanax saponin C and eluciated as 3-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1----2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]- hedragenin-28-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1----2)- beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1----6)-beta-D-glucopyransyl]ester on the basis of spectral data (13CNMR, 1HNMR, IR and FAB-MS).

Topics: Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Oleanolic Acid; Saponins