isoxazoles has been researched along with leflunomide in 1303 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 7 (0.54) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 222 (17.04) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 634 (48.66) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 435 (33.38) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 5 (0.38) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Bartlett, R; Kaitschick, J; Müller-Ruchholtz, W; Ulrichs, K | 1 |
| Gotoh, K; Hayashi, S; Inazu, M; Inoue, T; Ogawa, T | 1 |
| Bartlett, RR; Küchle, CC; Langer, KH; Schleyerbach, R; Schorlemmer, HU; Thoenes, GH | 1 |
| Bartlett, RR; Bremer, E; Dimitrijevic, M; Germann, T; Küchle, CC; Mattar, T; Rüde, E; Schorlemmer, HU; Thoenes, GH; Zielinski, T | 1 |
| Bekemeier, H; Giessler, J; Pilopp, H; Schmidt, K | 1 |
| Gotoh, K; Hayashi, S; Inazu, M; Ogawa, T | 1 |
| Hambleton, P; McMahon, S | 1 |
| Bartlett, RR; Langer, KH; Schleyerbach, R; Sitter, T; Thoenes, GH | 1 |
| Hirschelmann, R; Schade, R | 1 |
| Bartlett, RR | 1 |
| Buyniski, JP; Gylys, JA; Pasternak, RD; Siminoff, P; Wadopian, NS; Wright, RN | 1 |
| Bartlett, RR; Popovic, S | 2 |
| Bartlett, RR; Schleyerbach, R | 1 |
| Caulfield, JP; Cherwinski, HM; Cheung, P; Cohn, RG; Nakano, G; Ransom, JT; Webster, DJ; Xu, YZ; Young, JM | 1 |
| Chong, A; Foster, P; Jensik, S; McChesney, L; Mital, D; Sankary, H; Shen, J; Short, J; Xiao, F; Yang, J | 1 |
| Crary, GS; Guijarro, C; Kasiske, BL; Keane, WF; O'Donnell, MP; Swan, SK | 1 |
| Campion, G; Dimitrijevic, M; Domljan, Z; Dordevic, J; Jajic, I; Mihajlovic, D; Mladenovic, V; Popovic, M; Rozman, B; Zivkovic, M | 1 |
| Bartlett, RR; Coupland, SE; Hoffmann, F; Karow, AC; Krause, L; Lehmann, M | 1 |
| Asmuss, PA; Humborg, C; Röllinghoff, M; Solbach, W; Zimmermann, S | 1 |
| Achilleos, O; Buckels, JA; Candinas, D; D'Silva, M; Dalgic, A; Lee, SJ; Mayer, AD; McMaster, P | 1 |
| Cherwinski, HM; Devens, B; McCarley, D; Ransom, JT; Schatzman, R | 1 |
| Braatz-Trulson, J; Greene, S; Lou, L; Watanabe, K | 1 |
| Jevtic, V; Presetnik, M; Rozman, B; Watt, I | 1 |
| Kahan, BD | 1 |
| Hirschelmann, R; Sandow, D; Schleyerbach, R; Staffeldt, D; Wilhelms, D | 1 |
| Apostolski, S; Bartlett, RR; Damjanovic, M; Isakovic, K; Kosec, D; Vidic-Dankovic, B | 1 |
| Achilleos, O; Antoniou, E; Buckels, J; Candinas, D; D'Silva, M; DeRoover, A; Germenis, A; Lee, S; Mayer, D; Stavropoulos, C | 1 |
| Dias, VC; LeGatt, DF; Lucien, J; Yatscoff, RW | 2 |
| Bremer, EG; Chong, AS; Finnegan, A; Williams, JW; Xu, X | 1 |
| Berry, GJ; Billingham, ME; Gregory, CR; Huang, X; Morris, RE; Rowan, R; Shorthouse, R | 1 |
| Heeg, K; Lang, R; Wagner, H | 1 |
| Lin, Y; Sobis, H; Vandeputte, M; Waer, M | 3 |
| Cao, W; Huang, X; Morris, RE; Shorthouse, RA; Zheng, B | 1 |
| Lang, LS; Robertson, SM | 1 |
| Chong, AS; Foster, P; Frieders, D; Koukoulis, G; McChesney, L; Sankary, H; Williams, JW; Xiao, F; Yang, J | 1 |
| Jeske, S; Schlotte, V; Weithmann, KU | 1 |
| Fang, J; Ju, DW; Wang, HB; Zheng, QY | 2 |
| Bitter-Suermann, H; Lee, T; MacAuley, MA; MacDonald, AS; McAlister, VC; Sabr, K | 1 |
| Bartlett, RR; Coupland, SE; Hoffmann, F; Karow, AC; Klebe, S; Krause, L; Kruse, H | 1 |
| Bartlett, RR; Langer, KH; Mrowka, C; Thoenes, GH | 1 |
| Foster, PF; Haklin, M; McChesney, LP; Sankary, HN; Sharma, S; Williams, JW; Xiao, F | 1 |
| Chong, A; Foster, P; Frieders, D; McChesney, L; Sankary, H; Williams, JM; Williams, JW; Xiao, F | 1 |
| Kearns, H; McDonald, AS; Wright, JR | 1 |
| Chong, AS; Cohn, S; Foster, PF; Kociss, K; McChesney, L; Sankary, HN; Williams, JW; Xiao, F | 1 |
| Bitter-Suermann, H; He, G; Lee, TD; MacDonald, AS; McAlister, VC; Theal, M; Wright, J | 1 |
| Lang, LS; Mellon, J; Niederkorn, JY; Robertson, SM; Ross, J | 1 |
| Chong, AS; Clardy, C; Foster, P; McChesney, L; Sankary, H; Williams, JW; Xiao, F | 1 |
| Bartlett, R; Bremer, EG; Finnegan, A; Kochhar, K; Mattar, T | 1 |
| Connolly, KM; Noel, LS; Smith-Oliver, T; Stimpson, SS; Yarnall, DP | 1 |
| Bartlett, RR; Müller, HJ; Zielinski, T | 1 |
| Anagnostopulos, H; Bartlett, RR; Mattar, T; Schleyerbach, R; Zielinski, T | 1 |
| Chong, AS; Finnegan, A; Foster, P; Gebel, H; Jiang, X; Sankary, HN; Williams, JW | 1 |
| Bartlett, R; Chong, A; Foster, PF; Sankary, HN; Sharma, S; Williams, JW; Xiao, F | 1 |
| Chong, AS; Finnegan, A; Foster, P; Gebel, H; Jiang, XL; Petraitis, EE; Sankary, HN; Williams, JW | 1 |
| Bartlett, RR; Schorlemmer, HU; Seiler, FR | 1 |
| Groth, CG; Karlsson-Parra, A; Korsgren, O; Liu, J; Rafael, E; Sundberg, B; Tibell, A; Wallgren, AC; Wennberg, L; Zhu, S | 2 |
| Arshad, F; Bailey, SC; Kurtz, ES; Lee, AA; Przekop, PA | 1 |
| Bartlett, RR; Müller, S; Zeitter, D; Zielinski, T | 1 |
| Chong, AS; Finnegan, A; Foster, P; Gebel, HM; Rezai, K; Williams, JW; Xu, X | 1 |
| Cain, GA; Copeland, RA; Davis, JP; Magolda, RL; Pitts, WJ | 1 |
| Ballaron, SJ; Byars, N; Cherwinski, HM; Nakano, GM; Ransom, JT; Young, JM | 1 |
| Lin, Y; Vandeputte, M; Waer, M | 8 |
| Furst, DE | 2 |
| Bremer, EG; Chong, AS; Finnegan, A; Siemasko, KF; Williams, JW | 1 |
| Blinder, L; Chong, AS; Foster, P; Sankary, H; Shen, J; Williams, JW; Xiao, F | 1 |
| Blinder, HL; Chong, A; Foster, P; Liu, W; McChesney, L; Mital, D; Sankary, H; Shen, J; Williams, JW; Xiao, F | 1 |
| Kemp, E; Lillevang, S; Nielsen, B; Salomon, S; Steinbrüchel, DA | 1 |
| Koshal, A; Lucien, J; Marath, A; Rayat, G; Thliveris, J; Yatscoff, R | 1 |
| Adams, B; Berry, GJ; Brazelton, T; Morris, RE; Reichenspurner, H; Reitz, BA; Shorthouse, R; Soni, V | 1 |
| Koshal, A; Lakey, JR; Rajotte, RV; Yatscoff, RW | 1 |
| Antoniou, E; D'Silva, M; DeRoover, A; Howie, A; McMaster, P; Nishimura, Y | 2 |
| Gregory, CR; Griffey, SM; Levitski, RE; Lirtzman, RA; Morris, RE; Patz, JD; Yeh, LS | 1 |
| Antoniou, E; Candinas, D; D'Silva, M; DeRoover, A; Hubscher, SG; McMaster, P; Nishimura, Y | 1 |
| Halloran, PF | 1 |
| Blinder, L; Chong, AS; Foster, P; Sankary, H; Shen, J; Wei, L; Williams, J; Xiao, F | 1 |
| Cao, W; Morris, RE; Nair, RV | 2 |
| Chong, AS; Finnegan, A; Gong, H; Williams, JW; Xu, X | 1 |
| Coupland, SE; Hoffmann, F; Klebe, S; Krause, L | 1 |
| Gregory, CR; Griffey, SM; Lecouteur, RA; Morris, RE; Yeh, LS | 1 |
| Fujimura, H | 4 |
| Bremer, EG; Hurh, J; Kersey, DS; Rebbaa, A; Yamamoto, H | 1 |
| Waer, M | 2 |
| Brazelton, TR; Morris, RE | 1 |
| Brauer, R; Henzgen, S; Katenkamp, D; Petrow, PK; Thoss, K | 1 |
| Foster, PF; Kociss, K; Sankary, HN; Shen, J; Williams, JW; Xiao, F | 1 |
| Bartlett, RR; Dimitrijevic, M | 2 |
| Antoniou, E; D'Silva, M; DeRoover, A; Howie, AJ; McMaster, P; Nishimura, Y | 1 |
| Lin, Y; Segers, C; Waer, M | 1 |
| Bartlett, RR; Dimitrijević, M; Stosić-Grujicić, S | 2 |
| Bartlett, RR; Brendel, S; Schorlemmer, HU; Zielinski, T | 1 |
| Aoki, Y; Cao, WW; Kao, PN; Morris, RE; Shorthouse, RA; Xu, JC | 1 |
| Cao, W; Morris, RE; Shorthouse, R; Silva, HT | 1 |
| Lin, Y; Waer, M | 2 |
| Bruneau, JM; Courtin, O; Curnock, AP; Gadher, S; Hambleton, AB; Hambleton, P; Hercend, T; Kuo, EA; Morand, P; Robson, PA; Ruuth, E; Sautés, C; Spinella-Jaegle, S; Westwood, R; Williamson, RA; Woodward, K; Yea, CM | 1 |
| Morris, RE; Shorthouse, R; Silva, HT | 1 |
| Chong, AS; Foster, P; Guo, Z; Jensik, SC; McChesney, L; Mital, D; Sankary, HN; Shen, J; Williams, JW | 1 |
| Chong, AS; Foster, P; Gebel, H; Guo, Z; Jensik, SC; McChesney, L; Mital, D; Sankary, HN; Shen, J; Williams, JW | 1 |
| Morris, RE; Silva Júnior, HT | 1 |
| Groth, CG; Karlsson-Parra, A; Korsgren, O; Liu, J; Rafael, E; Sundberg, B; Wennberg, L; Zhu, S | 1 |
| d'Atri, G; Di Pierro, F; Leoni, F; Marcucci, F | 1 |
| Hausen, B; Morris, RE | 1 |
| Chong, AS; Foster, P; Guo, Z; Jensik, S; McChesney, L; Mital, D; Sankary, H; Shen, J; Tian, Y; Williams, JW; Yin, D | 1 |
| Chong, AS; Foster, PF; Fu, Z; Guo, Z; Jensik, S; McChesney, LP; Mital, D; Sankary, HN; Shen, J; Tian, Y; Williams, JW | 1 |
| Blinder, L; Chong, AS; Finnegan, A; Gong, H; Shen, J; Williams, JW; Xu, X | 1 |
| Aquino, M; Bertolini, G; Biffi, M; d'Atri, G; Di Pierro, F; Ferrario, F; Leoni, F; Mascagni, P; Somenzi, F; Zaliani, A | 1 |
| Curnock, AP; Gadher, S; Moss, D; Robson, PA; Ruuth, E; Thomson, TA; Westwood, R; Williamson, RA; Yea, CM | 1 |
| Antoniou, E; Candinas, D; D'Silva, M; DeRoover, A; Drayson, M; Howie, A; Hubscher, S; McMaster, P; Williams, A | 1 |
| Biberfeld, P; Groth, CG; Karlsson-Parra, A; Korsgren, O; Liu, J; Morris, RE; Rafael, E; Söderlund, J; Tibell, A; Wennberg, L; Zhu, S | 1 |
| Blinder, L; Chong, AS; Foster, P; Karademir, S; Sankary, H; Shen, J; Short, J; Williams, JW | 1 |
| Bach, FH; Hancock, WW; Koyamada, N; Kut, JP; Miyatake, T; Russell, ME; Sayegh, MH; Soares, M | 1 |
| Gregory, CR; Griffey, SM; Hou, SM; Lecouter, RA; Morris, RE; Yeh, LS | 1 |
| Blinder, L; Chong, AS; Gong, H; Shen, J; Williams, JW; Xu, X | 1 |
| Antoniou, EA; Chondros, K; D'Silva, M; Howie, A; McMaster, P; Xu, M | 1 |
| Blinder, L; Chong, AS; Ma, LL; Shen, J; Williams, JW; Yin, DP | 1 |
| Goebels, J; Ji, P; Lin, Y; Vandeputte, M; Waer, M; Xia, G | 1 |
| Chong, AS; Finnegan, A; Gong, H; Jäck, HM; Siemasko, K; Williams, JW | 1 |
| Ji, P; Lin, Y; Vandeputte, M; Waer, M; Xia, G | 1 |
| Ekberg, H; Hedlund, G; Ostraat, O; Qi, ZQ; Tufveson, G | 1 |
| Chong, AS; Foster, P; Guo, Z; Jensik, SC; McChesney, L; Mital, D; Sankary, H; Shen, J; Tian, Y; Williams, JW | 2 |
| Chong, A; Foster, P; Guo, Z; Jensik, S; McChesney, L; Mital, D; Olack, B; Podlasek, W; Sankary, H; Shen, J; Tian, Y; Williams, J | 1 |
| Eber, E; McMenamin, C; Sly, PD; Uhlig, T | 1 |
| Gregory, CR | 1 |
| Kurrle, R; Schorlemmer, HU | 1 |
| Gregory, CR; Morris, RE; Patz, JD; Silva, HT | 1 |
| Fung, JJ; Goller, A; Miki, T; Rao, A; Starzl, TE; Tandin, A; Valdivia, LA; Wang, X; Yin, WY | 1 |
| Bonham, CA; Gerber, DA; Thomson, AW | 1 |
| Horn, HC; Jensen, JE; Johansen, A; Kemp, E; Nielsen, B | 1 |
| Fox, RI | 2 |
| Rozman, B | 2 |
| Cooper, D; Eber, E; McMenamin, C; Sly, PD; Uhlig, T; Wildhaber, JH | 1 |
| Achsel, T; Kirschbaum, B; Laggerbauer, B; Lührmann, R; Müllner, S; Ortlepp, D | 1 |
| Carrey, EA; Fairbanks, LD; Hawrylowicz, CM; Kirschbaum, B; Richards, DF; Rückemann, K; Simmonds, HA | 1 |
| Blinder, L; Chong, AS; Ma, LL; Sankary, H; Shen, J; Williams, JW; Yin, D | 1 |
| Albert, R; Andersen, E; Bitch, F; Floersheim, P; Hungerford, V; Lemaire, M; Papageorgiou, C; Schreier, MH; Weber, HP | 1 |
| Blinder, L; Chong, AS; Foster, P; Huang, W; Jensik, S; Liu, W; McChesney, L; Mital, D; Sankary, H; Shen, J; Williams, JW; Xiao, F | 1 |
| Blinder, L; Chong, AS; Foster, P; Ma, LL; Sankary, HN; Shen, JK; Williams, JW; Yin, DP | 1 |
| Knecht, W; Löffler, M | 1 |
| Fujimura, HA | 1 |
| Berens, ME; Chen, H; Chu, L; Germain, L; Hersh, E; Hirth, KP; Jacobs, JS; Longhi, M; Mann, E; McMahon, G; Meredith, S; Powell, TJ; Schwartz, DP; Shawver, LK; Tang, C; Taylorson, L; Tsai, J; Ullrich, A | 1 |
| Hoskin, DW; James, H; Lee, TD; Makrigiannis, AP; Taylor, RM | 1 |
| Pisetsky, D | 1 |
| Ghosh, S; Jun, X; Mahajan, S; Mao, C; Narla, RK; Navara, C; Sudbeck, EA; Uckun, FM; Zheng, Y | 1 |
| Gregory, CR; Hou, SM; Jeng, CR; Lai, YC; Lui, LT; Yeh, LS | 1 |
| Dimitrijevic, M; Glisic, B; Obradovic, S; Pejnovic, N; Popovic, M; Popovic, R; Stefanovic, D | 1 |
| Cannon, A; DeManvelle, T; Gregory, CR; Harb, M; Morris, RE; Ortega, T; Stewart, A; Sturges, B | 1 |
| Colic, M; Dimitrijevic, M; Milenkovic, M; Milosavljevic, P | 1 |
| Albert, R; Andersen, E; Hungerford, V; Knecht, H; Papageorgiou, C; Schreier, MH | 1 |
| Coghlan, MJ; Hsieh, GC; Lane, B; Luly, JR; Marsh, K; Mollison, KW; Sheets, MP; Wang, AX; Xie, Q | 1 |
| Burger, D; Dayer, JM; Déage, V | 1 |
| Gross, WL | 1 |
| Amano, Y; Kitagawa, H; Mizushima, Y; Ogata, K | 1 |
| Kalden, JR; Kvien, TK; Larsen, A; Loew-Friedrich, I; Oed, C; Rosenburg, R; Rozman, B; Scott, DL; Smolen, JS | 1 |
| Bartlett, RR; Jarman, ER; Kuba, A; Montermann, E; Reske-Kunz, AB | 1 |
| Aggarwal, BB; Manna, SK | 1 |
| Robb-Nicholson, C | 1 |
| Berry, GJ; Boeke, K; Christians, U; Gummert, JF; Hausen, B; Morris, RE | 1 |
| Abts, HF; Homey, B; Köhrer, K; Michel, G; Mirmohammadsadegh, A; Ruzicka, T | 1 |
| Antoniou, EA; Chondros, K; D'Silva, M; Deroover, A; Howie, AJ; McMaster, P | 1 |
| Davis, WM; Waters, IW | 1 |
| Cherin, P | 1 |
| Robinson, DR | 1 |
| Badii, M | 1 |
| Bruyn, GA; Griep, EN; Korff, KJ | 1 |
| De Vita, S; Ferraccioli, GF | 1 |
| Gummert, JF; Ikonen, T; Morris, RE | 1 |
| Morris, RE; Sherwood, SW; Silva, HT; Slauson, SD | 1 |
| Arriola, ER; Lee, NP | 1 |
| Byrne, VM; Coblyn, JS; Helfgott, SM; Kaymakcian, MV; Kremer, JM; Maier, AL; Morrell, M; Strand, V; Weinblatt, ME | 1 |
| Bartlett, R; Dimitrijevic, M; Stosic-Grujicic, S | 1 |
| Blinder, L; Chong, AS; Clardy, C; Foster, P; Huang, W; Liu, W; Luo, J; Ma, L; Shen, J; Williams, JA; Xiao, F; Xu, W; Xu, X | 1 |
| Hussar, DA | 1 |
| Hamilton, LC; Vojnovic, I; Warner, TD | 1 |
| Kremer, JM | 4 |
| Yocum, DE | 1 |
| Bombardier, C; Crawford, B; Dorrier, C; Maetzel, A; Strand, V; Thompson, A; Tugwell, P; Wells, G | 2 |
| Blinder, L; Chong, AS; Huang, W; Mall, JW; Myers, JA; Saclarides, TJ; Shen, J; Williams, JW; Xu, X | 1 |
| Chong, AS; Knight, DA; Lurain, NS; Miller, DM; Sedmak, DD; Waldman, WJ; Williams, JW | 1 |
| Carrey, EA; Fairbanks, LD; Kirschbaum, B; Rückemann, K; Simmonds, HA; Swaminathan, R | 1 |
| Fye, KH | 1 |
| Ji, P; Rutgeerts, O; Waer, M; Xia, G | 1 |
| Hudes, G | 1 |
| Baker, SD; Cropp, G; Drengler, R; Eckardt, JR; Eckhardt, SG; Hammond, L; Hannah, AL; Kraynak, MA; Kuhn, JG; Moczygemba, J; Rizzo, J; Rowinsky, EK; Smith, L; Sweeney, KR; Thurman, A; Villalona-Calero, MA; Von Hoff, DD; Weiss, G | 1 |
| Caldwell, J; Cannon, G; Cohen, S; Fleischmann, R; Fox, R; Furst, D; Hurley, F; Kaine, J; Loew-Friedrich, I; Moreland, L; Olsen, N; Schiff, M; Sharp, J; Strand, V; Weaver, A | 1 |
| Dax, CI; Kirschbaum, B; Mangold, U; Müllner, S; Saar, K; Schwab, W | 1 |
| Fox, RI; Frangou, CG; Herrmann, ML; Kirschbaum, BJ; Morris, RE; Strand, V; Wahl, GM | 1 |
| Billingham, ME; Morris, RE; Silva, HT; Slauson, S; Wang, Y | 1 |
| Kremer, JM; Olsen, NJ; Strand, V | 1 |
| Jarvis, B; Prakash, A | 1 |
| Breedveld, FC | 2 |
| Bartlett, RR; Kurrle, R; Schleyerbach, R; Schorlemmer, HU | 1 |
| Bartlett, RR; Haun, G; Milbert, U; Schorlemmer, HU; Wunschel, M; Zeitter, D | 1 |
| Emery, P | 2 |
| Smolen, JS | 1 |
| Scott, DL | 3 |
| Schiff, MH | 1 |
| Clardy, J; Grossman, TH; Liu, S; Neidhardt, EA; Ocain, T | 1 |
| Megeff, C; Schuna, AA | 1 |
| Strand, V | 1 |
| Jankovic, V; Popadic, D; Samardzic, T; Stosic-Grujicic, S; Trajkovic, V | 1 |
| Blinder, L; Chong, AS; Knight, DA; Lurain, NS; Miller, DM; Sedmak, DD; Shen, J; Waldman, WJ; Williams, JW | 1 |
| Kalden, JR | 1 |
| Hurley, F; Leung, H; Loew-Friedrich, I; Sharp, JT; Strand, V | 1 |
| Infante, R; Lahita, RG | 1 |
| Moder, KG | 1 |
| Chong, BS; Lowder, DM; Luong, BT | 1 |
| Herrmann, ML; Kirschbaum, BJ; Schleyerbach, R | 1 |
| Schattenkirchner, M | 2 |
| Bjorneboe, O; Breedveld, FC; Dahl, R; Dawes, PT; Emery, P; Gömör, B; Horslev-Petersen, K; Kaltwasser, JP; Lemmel, EM; Loew-Friedrich, I; Molloy, M; Nordström, D; Oed, C; Rodriguez De La Serna, A; Rosenburg, R; Tikly, M; Van Den Bosch, F | 1 |
| Goldenberg, MM | 1 |
| Carreño Pérez, L; González Fernández, CM; López Longo, FJ; Monteagudo Sáez, I | 1 |
| Breedveld, FC; de Koster, BM; Elferink, JG; Kraan, MC; Post, WJ; Tak, PP | 1 |
| Beattie, BJ; Blasberg, RG; Malkin, MG; Thiessen, B; Vlassenko, AG | 1 |
| Emery, P; Graninger, WB; Smolen, JS | 1 |
| Cherrington, JM; Kabbinavar, F; Mann, E; Schwartz, DP; Shawver, LK; Slamon, DJ; Strawn, LM | 1 |
| Naranjo Hernández, A | 1 |
| Blinder, L; Chong, A; Foster, P; Ma, LL; Sankary, HN; Shen, J; Williams, JW; Yin, DP | 1 |
| Bari, S; Bennet, W; Groth, CG; Korsgren, O; Nava, S; Song, Z; Sundberg, B; Wennberg, L; Zhang, J | 2 |
| Barg, EC; Breedveld, FC; Emery, P; Farnell, J; Kraan, MC; Reece, RJ; Rosenburg, R; Smeets, TJ; Tak, PP; Veale, DJ | 1 |
| Craigmill, AL; Gregory, CR; Kyles, AE | 1 |
| Dudler, M; So, A | 1 |
| Debroe, S; Hewitson, PJ; McBride, A; Milne, R | 1 |
| Allinger, S; Auer, J; Hinterreiter, M; Kirchgatterer, A; Knoflach, P | 1 |
| Simon, LS; Yocum, D | 1 |
| Emery, P; Smolen, JS | 1 |
| Dambrin, C; Klupp, J; Morris, RE | 1 |
| Ghosh, S; Jennissen, JD; Uckun, FM; Zheng, Y | 1 |
| Anhalt, GJ; Nousari, HC | 1 |
| Andresen, PN; Hansen, G; Hørslev-Petersen, K | 1 |
| Breedveld, FC; Dayer, JM | 1 |
| Aggarwal, BB; Manna, SK; Mukhopadhyay, A | 1 |
| Dixon, JA; Falchuk, KR; Weinblatt, ME | 1 |
| Ambach, A; Konstandin, M; Meuer, SC; Samstag, Y; Saunus, J; Wesselborg, S | 1 |
| Mikuls, T; Moreland, L | 1 |
| Miljkovic, D; Mostarica Stojkovic, M; Popadic, D; Samardzic, T; Stosic-Grujicic, S; Trajkovic, V | 1 |
| Dahlager, J; Gam, AN; Horn, T; Kemp, E; Larsen, S; Nielsen, H; Olsen, S; Petersen, LJ | 1 |
| Chong, AS; Dierksheide, JE; Hejmanowski, AQ; Knight, DA; Waldman, WJ; Williams, JW | 1 |
| Davis, JS; Genovese, MC | 1 |
| Kallenberg, CG; Stegeman, CA; Tervaert, JW | 1 |
| Brent, RL | 1 |
| Achilleos, O; Candinas, D; D'Silva, M; Dalgic, A; Lee, SJ; Mayer, AD; McMaster, P; Miki, C | 1 |
| Balk, SP; Bubley, GJ; Chachoua, A; DePaoli, A; Hannah, A; Kabbinavar, F; Ko, YJ; Reese, D; Small, EJ; Taneja, S | 1 |
| Khan, W; Talip, F; Walker, N; Zimmermann, B | 1 |
| Grossman, TH; Hedstrom, L; McLean, JE; Neidhardt, EA | 1 |
| Laan, RF; van de Putte, LB; van Riel, PL | 1 |
| Alldred, A; Emery, P | 1 |
| Koren, G; Kozer, E; Moretti, ME | 1 |
| Coblyn, JS; Helfgott, S; Shadick, N | 1 |
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| Jiang, L; Jiang, M; Li, W; Ling, C; Zhang, W | 1 |
| Hu, H; Hu, J; Zhou, QS | 1 |
| Acevedo-Vásquez, EM; Alarcón-Riquelme, ME; Alvarellos, A; Babini, A; Ballesteros, F; Berbotto, G; Cardiel, MH; Catoggio, LJ; Citera, G; Eimon, A; Esquivel-Valerio, JA; García de la Torre, I; García, CG; Goñi, M; Graf, C; Maradiaga-Ceceña, MA; Marcos, JC; Messina, OD; Miranda, P; Moreno, JLC; Musuruana, JL; Nasswetter, G; Paira, S; Pellet, AC; Pons-Estel, BA; Quinteros, A; Sacnún, M; Sánchez, E; Scherbarth, H; Spindler, A; Strusberg, I; Tate, G; Toloza, S; Tusié-Luna, T | 1 |
| Fleury, G; Gabay, C; Hannouche, D; Mania, S | 1 |
| Hu, Y; Niu, H; Zhang, R | 1 |
| Lan, G; Lu, W; Sun, F; Wang, L; Xu, P; Yu, X; Zhang, L | 1 |
| Chu, M; Zhang, C | 1 |
| Couch, L; Guo, L; Qing, T; Ren, Z; Shi, L; Tolleson, WH; Xuan, J | 1 |
| Alfieri, DF; Costa, NT; de Medeiros, FA; de Sá, MC; Dichi, I; Iriyoda, TMV; Lozovoy, MAB; Maes, M; Micheletti, PL; Reiche, EMV; Scavuzzi, BM; Sekiguchi, BA; Simão, ANC | 1 |
| McCabe, PS; Sultan, J; Swamy, S; Vasireddy, S; Wig, S | 1 |
| Ding, SG; Feng, XM; Gao, Y; Guo, HF; Tao, BB; Wang, CH; Wang, LK; Wang, YH; Wu, AH; Yang, JJ; Zhai, GR | 1 |
| Archer, TM; Mackin, AJ; Thomason, JM; Wills, RW | 1 |
| Colares, VLP; Fernandes, AMR; Fernandes, ES; Martins, MMRS; Mendes, SJF; Monteiro, CRAV; Muniz, TF; Pereira, DMS; Pereira, ICP; Silva, BLR; Sousa, NCF | 1 |
| Batty, K | 1 |
| Gautam, RK; Gupta, A; Sardana, K | 1 |
| Gupta, A; Gupta, PK; Sardana, K | 1 |
| Hall, J; Koller, G; Ye, C | 1 |
| Kisiel, B; Tłustochowicz, ME; Tłustochowicz, W | 1 |
| Contreras, L; Flores, L; Núñez, P; Quera, R | 1 |
| Aicha, BT; Hana, S; Ines, M; Issam, S; Kawther, BA; Leila, A; Leila, M; Lobna, BA; Mouna, BS; Olfa, S; Rawdha, T; Selma, B; Takoua, BB | 1 |
| Chen, Y; He, C; Li, M; Liu, S; Wang, L; Wu, D; Yang, Y; Zeng, X; Zhang, F; Zheng, K | 1 |
| Machaj, F; Malinowski, D; Olędzka, G; Pawlik, A; Rosik, J; Safranow, K; Szostak, B; Wiechec, E | 1 |
| Alothman, R; Amiri, N; Lepik, C; Waterman, E; Yeung, J | 1 |
256 review(s) available for isoxazoles and leflunomide
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Leflunomide (HWA 486), a novel immunomodulating compound for the treatment of autoimmune disorders and reactions leading to transplantation rejection.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Autoimmune Diseases; Disease Models, Animal; Graft Rejection; Graft vs Host Disease; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Molecular Sequence Data | 1991 |
New immunosuppressive drugs--pharmacologic approaches to alter immunoregulation.
Topics: Animals; Antimetabolites; Azathioprine; Biphenyl Compounds; Cell Differentiation; Cyclosporine; Guanidines; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocytes; Lymphokines; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Polyenes; Receptors, Cytokine; Ribonucleosides; Signal Transduction; Sirolimus; Tacrolimus | 1994 |
Effects of leflunomide on immune responses and models of inflammation.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibody Formation; Autoimmune Diseases; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Graft Rejection; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Immunosuppressive Agents; Inflammation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Rats | 1993 |
Innovative treatment approaches for rheumatoid arthritis. Cyclosporin, leflunomide and nitrogen mustard.
Topics: Absorption; Alkylating Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mechlorethamine; Tissue Distribution | 1995 |
Molecular mechanisms of new immunosuppressants.
Topics: Amino Acid Isomerases; B-Lymphocytes; Biphenyl Compounds; Calcineurin; Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; Carrier Proteins; Cyclosporine; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; IMP Dehydrogenase; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mycophenolic Acid; Oxidoreductases; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; Polyenes; Purines; Pyrimidines; Receptors, Cytokine; Ribonucleosides; Signal Transduction; Sirolimus; T-Lymphocytes; Tacrolimus | 1996 |
The use of leflunomide in transplantation immunology.
Topics: Animals; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Transplantation Immunology | 1996 |
Molecular mechanisms of action of new xenobiotic immunosuppressive drugs: tacrolimus (FK506), sirolimus (rapamycin), mycophenolate mofetil and leflunomide.
Topics: Animals; Autoimmune Diseases; Graft Rejection; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mycophenolic Acid; Polyenes; Pyrimidine Nucleotides; Sirolimus; Tacrolimus; Xenobiotics | 1996 |
Leflunomide, an immunorestoring drug for the therapy of autoimmune disorders, especially rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibody Formation; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoimmune Diseases; B-Lymphocytes; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Mammals | 1996 |
Leflunomide and malononitrilamides.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoimmune Diseases; Clinical Trials as Topic; Crotonates; Graft Rejection; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Molecular Structure; Nitriles; Organ Transplantation; Toluidines; Transplantation Immunology | 1997 |
Review of immunosuppression for lung transplantation. Novel drugs, new uses for conventional immunosuppressants, and alternative strategies.
Topics: Graft Rejection; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Transplantation; Lymphatic Irradiation; Methotrexate; Mycophenolic Acid; Photopheresis; Polyenes; Recurrence; Sirolimus; Tacrolimus | 1997 |
New immunosuppressive agents for organ transplantation.
Topics: Graft Rejection; Guanidines; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mycophenolic Acid; Nitriles; Organ Transplantation; Polyenes; Sirolimus; Tacrolimus | 1997 |
Immunosuppressive approaches to the prevention of graft vascular disease.
Topics: Coronary Disease; Cyclosporine; Heart Transplantation; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mycophenolic Acid; Polyenes; Postoperative Complications; Sirolimus; Tacrolimus | 1998 |
Immunosuppressive agents: recent developments in molecular action and clinical application.
Topics: Cyclosporine; Guanidines; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Models, Biological; Mycophenolic Acid; Polyenes; Ribonucleosides; Sirolimus; T-Lymphocytes; Tacrolimus; Transplantation Immunology | 1998 |
Mechanism of action of leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cell Cycle; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases | 1998 |
Clinical experience with leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis. Leflunomide Investigators' Group.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 1998 |
New concepts in treatment protocols for severe systemic vasculitis.
Topics: Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mycophenolic Acid; Vasculitis | 1999 |
[62nd Congress of the American College of Rheumatology, San Diego, 8-12 November 1998].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Child; Child, Preschool; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Prospective Studies; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Recombinant Proteins; Rheumatology; Societies, Medical; Sulfasalazine; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 1999 |
Newer immunosuppressive drugs: a review.
Topics: Animals; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mycophenolic Acid; Sirolimus; Tacrolimus | 1999 |
Treatment advances in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Celecoxib; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Prognosis; Pyrazoles; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sulfonamides; Treatment Outcome | 1999 |
Methotrexate and leflunomide: biochemical basis for combination therapy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adenosine; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cell Division; Cytokines; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocytes; Methotrexate; Molecular Structure; Purines; Pyrimidines; Treatment Outcome | 1999 |
T cells: pathogenic cells and therapeutic targets in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antigens, CD; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clone Cells; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Immunotherapy; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; T-Lymphocytes | 1999 |
New treatments for rheumatoid arthritis. Available and upcoming slow-acting antirheumatic drugs.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-1; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 1999 |
Mechanism of action for leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 1999 |
Leflunomide, mycophenolic acid and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Metalloendopeptidases; Mycophenolic Acid | 1999 |
Leflunomide: a review of its use in active rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Pregnancy | 1999 |
Investigational treatments in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Investigational; Genetic Therapy; Humans; Immunotherapy; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 1999 |
New drugs for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoenzymes; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Membrane Proteins; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Receptors, Interleukin-1; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor | 2000 |
Recent advances in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosorbent Techniques; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Plasmapheresis; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor | 1999 |
Rheumatoid arthritis. New disease-modifying and anti-inflammatory drugs.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Celecoxib; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Enzyme Inhibitors; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Lactones; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Pyrazoles; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sulfonamides; Sulfones | 2000 |
New medications for use in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Etanercept; Fees, Pharmaceutical; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor | 2000 |
Treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis: celecoxib, leflunomide, etanercept, and infliximab.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Celecoxib; Drug Interactions; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Pyrazoles; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sulfonamides | 2000 |
Leflunomide: an immunomodulatory drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoimmune Diseases; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Pyrimidines; T-Lymphocytes | 2000 |
The use of leflunomide in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: an experimental and clinical review.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Crotonates; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Toluidines | 2000 |
Leflunomide, a novel immunomodulator for the treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Administration, Oral; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Safety; Treatment Outcome | 1999 |
[Leflunomide: a new treatment for an old disease].
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2000 |
Leflunomide and rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review of effectiveness, safety and cost implications.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Disease Progression; Drug Costs; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Pain; Treatment Outcome | 2000 |
New and future drug therapies for rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; CD40 Antigens; Celecoxib; Etanercept; Forecasting; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Pyrazoles; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sulfonamides | 2000 |
Pharmacodynamics of immunosuppressive drugs.
Topics: Animals; Cyclosporine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mycophenolic Acid; Sirolimus; Tacrolimus | 2000 |
Leflunomide for rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic | 2000 |
[Leflunomide for active rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Administration, Oral; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic | 2000 |
Leflunomide: mode of action in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cell Division; Dihydroorotate Oxidase; DNA; Humans; Interleukin-1; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocytes; NF-kappa B; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Pyrimidines; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2000 |
Sjögren's syndrome: current therapies remain inadequate for a common disease.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antimalarials; Dental Caries; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Ophthalmic Solutions; Salivation; Sjogren's Syndrome | 2000 |
The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a review of recent clinical trials.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 1999 |
Therapy of rheumatoid arthritis: new developments and trends.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biological Products; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Prognosis; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 1999 |
Novel therapies for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis.
Topics: Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Antilymphocyte Serum; Cyclophosphamide; Guanidines; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Mycophenolic Acid; Prednisone; Remission Induction; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vasculitis | 2001 |
Rational use of new and existing disease-modifying agents in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cyclosporine; Drug Costs; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Risk Factors; Sulfasalazine | 2001 |
Leflunomide and methotrexate.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Treatment Outcome | 2001 |
Leflunomide: a novel DMARD for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Costs and Cost Analysis; Female; Half-Life; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Pregnancy; Treatment Outcome | 2001 |
How is it best to treat early rheumatoid arthritis patients?
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Minocycline; Prognosis; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2001 |
New disease modifying agents in adult rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2001 |
Current concepts regarding pharmacologic treatment of rheumatoid and osteoarthritis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Celecoxib; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Digestive System; Etanercept; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Lactones; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Osteoarthritis; Pyrazoles; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sulfasalazine; Sulfonamides; Sulfones | 2001 |
[Rheumatic pain].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chronic Disease; Cytokines; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Neoplasm Proteins; Pain; Pain Management; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; Steroids; Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors | 2001 |
Current and emerging lupus treatments.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antimalarials; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Mycophenolic Acid; Oligonucleotides | 2001 |
Economic and quality-of-life impact of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cost of Illness; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Managed Care Programs; Quality of Life; Treatment Outcome; United States | 2001 |
Progress in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Analgesics; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Etanercept; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Minocycline; Penicillamine; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sulfasalazine | 2001 |
Platelet-derived growth factor receptors: a therapeutic target in solid tumors.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Benzamides; Clinical Trials as Topic; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Imatinib Mesylate; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Ligands; Male; Piperazines; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Prostatic Neoplasms; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Pyrimidines; Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Signal Transduction | 2001 |
Current treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Contraindications; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sulfasalazine | 2002 |
Leflunomide Aventis Pharma.
Topics: Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Contraindications; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2001 |
[Leflunomide--a new disease modifying anti-rheumatic agent].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Contraindications; Drug Interactions; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Prospective Studies; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic | 2001 |
"Stepping-up" from methotrexate: a systematic review of randomised placebo controlled trials in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with an incomplete response to methotrexate.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cyclosporine; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Maximum Tolerated Dose; Methotrexate; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Treatment Outcome | 2001 |
Treating rheumatoid arthritis with new disease modifying drugs.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2002 |
Newer immunosuppressive drugs: their potential role in rheumatoid arthritis therapy.
Topics: Animals; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cyclosporine; Cytokines; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Mycophenolic Acid; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Signal Transduction; Sirolimus; Tacrolimus | 2002 |
[New drug treatments for rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2000 |
[Leflunomide in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Rabbits; Rats; T-Lymphocytes | 2002 |
Leflunomide for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmunity.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoimmune Diseases; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2002 |
[Leflunomide--a new drug for pharmacological immunomodulation].
Topics: Animals; Autoimmune Diseases; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Psoriasis; Skin Diseases | 2002 |
Advances in the medical management of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Steroids; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 2002 |
Cardiovascular risk profile of antirheumatic agents in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Humans; Hypertension; Isoenzymes; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Membrane Proteins; Osteoarthritis; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Risk Assessment; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2002 |
Severe skin reaction after leflunomide and etanercept in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Eruptions; Erythema; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Pyrimidines; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2002 |
[Gastrointestinal side effects in the therapy of rheumatologic diseases].
Topics: Administration, Oral; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chloroquine; Etanercept; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Rheumatic Diseases; Stomach Ulcer; Sulfasalazine; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2002 |
Mycophenolate mofetil and leflunomide: promising compounds for the treatment of skin diseases.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Autoimmune Diseases; Female; Fertility; Fetal Death; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infertility, Male; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mycophenolic Acid; Pregnancy; Skin Diseases | 2002 |
[Efficacy of leflunomide].
Topics: Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver Diseases; Methotrexate; Mice; Sulfasalazine | 2002 |
Leflunomide for treating rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sulfasalazine | 2003 |
Cicatricial pemphigoid in the upper aerodigestive tract: diagnosis and management in severe laryngeal stenosis.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Laryngostenosis; Leflunomide; Male; Pemphigoid, Benign Mucous Membrane; Prednisolone | 2003 |
Leflunomide.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; Treatment Outcome | 2003 |
Transplant immunosuppressant agents and their role in autoimmune rheumatic diseases.
Topics: Autoimmune Diseases; Azathioprine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mycophenolic Acid; Rheumatic Diseases; Severity of Illness Index; Sirolimus; Tacrolimus; Transplants; Treatment Outcome | 2003 |
Leflunomide for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Contraindications; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Practice Guidelines as Topic | 2003 |
Leflunomide for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and metaanalysis.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic | 2003 |
Interpreting radiographic data in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Arthrography; Disease Progression; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Severity of Illness Index; Sialoglycoproteins; Treatment Outcome | 2003 |
T-cell-activation inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Abatacept; Adjuvants, Immunologic; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Immunoconjugates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Signal Transduction; T-Lymphocytes | 2003 |
[Current concepts of pharmacotherapy in rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Feasibility Studies; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Ibuprofen; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Ketoprofen; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Prednisolone; Prognosis; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk Factors; Sulfasalazine; Time Factors | 2003 |
[New drugs and treatment strategies for rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Adalimumab; Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Etanercept; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunologic Factors; Infliximab; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Interleukin-1; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Placebos; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Receptors, Interleukin-1; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sialoglycoproteins; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2003 |
Is leflunomide as safe and effective in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis as other DMARDs?
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Practice Guidelines as Topic | 2003 |
[Emergence of new therapeutic agents for collagen diseases and some of the problems].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Approval; Drug Costs; Drug Design; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Tacrolimus | 2003 |
Novel therapies in pediatric rheumatic diseases.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antirheumatic Agents; Child; Genetic Therapy; Humans; Infliximab; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Mycophenolic Acid; Neoplasm Proteins; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; Rheumatic Diseases; Rituximab; Sialoglycoproteins; Stem Cell Transplantation; Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors | 2003 |
Newer approaches to the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adalimumab; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Prednisolone; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor | 2003 |
Rheumatological creativity and leflunomide.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rheumatic Diseases | 2004 |
[Collagen diseases and rheumatic diseases].
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoimmunity; Drug Therapy, Combination; Genes, T-Cell Receptor delta; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Lymphocytes; Methotrexate; Prednisolone; Prognosis; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2004 |
New drugs for rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adalimumab; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Pregnancy; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sialoglycoproteins; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2004 |
The efficacy of leflunomide monotherapy in rheumatoid arthritis: towards the goals of disease modifying antirheumatic drug therapy.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Maximum Tolerated Dose; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Leflunomide: a manageable safety profile.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Maximum Tolerated Dose; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk Assessment; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Lefunomide in combination therapy.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk Factors; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
What I would like to know about leflunomide.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2004 |
Safety overview of new disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cytokines; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Overview of radiologic efficacy of new treatments.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Progression; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Radiography; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Severity of Illness Index; Sialoglycoproteins; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Leflunomide.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Monitoring; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Liver; Methotrexate; Models, Animal | 2004 |
[Diagnosis and therapy of rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Arthroplasty; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Rheumatoid Factor; Sulfasalazine | 2004 |
Leflunomide in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases | 2004 |
Rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Auranofin; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Minocycline; Penicillamine; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sulfasalazine | 2003 |
Psoriatic arthritis.
Topics: Adalimumab; Alefacept; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antimalarials; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Etanercept; Gold Sodium Thiomalate; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Sulfasalazine; Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors | 2004 |
Evidence-based evaluation of immunomodulatory therapy for the cutaneous manifestations of lupus.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antimalarials; Azathioprine; Cladribine; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunologic Factors; Immunotherapy; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous; Methotrexate; Mycophenolic Acid; Rituximab; Tacrolimus; Thalidomide | 2004 |
Antimetabolites in the treatment of arthritis: current status of the use of antimetabolites.
Topics: Antimetabolites; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Time Factors | 2004 |
[Basic therapy of rheumatoid arthritis with leflunomide (review)].
Topics: Animals; Arthritis, Experimental; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Rats | 2004 |
Damage control in rheumatoid arthritis. Hard-hitting, early treatment is crucial to curbing joint destruction.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Disease Progression; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunologic Factors; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Sulfasalazine | 2004 |
Novel immunosuppressants.
Topics: Abatacept; Alemtuzumab; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antibodies, Neoplasm; CD40 Ligand; Child; Fingolimod Hydrochloride; Guanidines; Humans; Immunoconjugates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Depletion; Propylene Glycols; Sphingosine; T-Lymphocytes | 2004 |
The broadening use of leflunomide in clinical practice.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoimmune Diseases; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2004 |
Leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis: recommendations through a process of consensus.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Patient Compliance; Professional-Patient Relations | 2005 |
Tolerance or accommodation: the lesson from leflunomide.
Topics: Graft Rejection; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Transplantation Immunology | 2005 |
Guideline for anti-TNF-alpha therapy in psoriatic arthritis.
Topics: Algorithms; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2005 |
The 'alphabet' of rheumatoid arthritis treatment.
Topics: Adalimumab; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antirheumatic Agents; Arachidonic Acid; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase 2; Drug Monitoring; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Interleukin-1; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Membrane Proteins; Methotrexate; Nurse's Role; Nursing Assessment; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Rituximab; Sialoglycoproteins; T-Lymphocytes; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2004 |
Laryngeal involvement in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arytenoid Cartilage; Cricoid Cartilage; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Joints; Laryngeal Diseases; Leflunomide; Methylprednisolone; Prednisone; Rheumatoid Nodule; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
[Respiratory complications of new treatments for rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases; Methotrexate; Respiratory Tract Infections; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2004 |
[Guidelines for RA therapies].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Arthroplasty, Replacement; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Japan; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Orthopedic Procedures; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Prednisolone | 2005 |
[Disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs): an overview].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Benzopyrans; Cysteine; Evidence-Based Medicine; Gold Sodium Thiomalate; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Methotrexate; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sulfasalazine; Sulfonamides | 2005 |
[Leflunomide for therapy of rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Matrix Metalloproteinases; Oxidoreductases; T-Lymphocytes; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2005 |
[Adverse effects of DMARDs in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Gold Sodium Thiomalate; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Male; Methotrexate; Reproduction; Sulfasalazine | 2005 |
Modelling cost effectiveness and cost utility of sequential DMARD therapy including leflunomide for rheumatoid arthritis in Germany: II. The contribution of leflunomide to efficiency.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Drug Costs; Germany; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Models, Economic; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic | 2005 |
Rheumatoid arthritis: an update.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Sulfasalazine | 2005 |
Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug use in the elderly rheumatoid arthritis patient.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antimalarials; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cytokines; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Novel therapies for ankylosing spondylitis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Biomarkers; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Severity of Illness Index; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2005 |
Leflunomide: long-term clinical experience and new uses.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Industry; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2005 |
Paternal and maternal exposure to leflunomide: pregnancy and neonatal outcome.
Topics: Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infant, Newborn; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Paternal Exposure; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Teratogens | 2005 |
Inflammatory bone destruction and osteoimmunology.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Signaling; Carrier Proteins; Cell Differentiation; DNA-Binding Proteins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Interferon-beta; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Proteins; NFATC Transcription Factors; Nuclear Proteins; Osteoarthritis; Osteoclasts; RANK Ligand; Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; T-Lymphocytes; Transcription Factors | 2005 |
Use of combination of leflunomide with biological agents in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2005 |
Toxic neuropathy.
Topics: Animals; Boronic Acids; Bortezomib; Clinical Trials as Topic; Epothilones; Genetic Therapy; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Neuritis; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Organoplatinum Compounds; Oxaliplatin; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Pyrazines; Pyridoxine; Thalidomide | 2005 |
[Disease modifying antirheumatic drugs with inhibitory effect on osteoclastogenesis].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cell Differentiation; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Osteoclasts | 2005 |
Psoriatic arthritis.
Topics: Adalimumab; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunologic Factors; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2005 |
Advances in the therapy of Wegener's granulomatosis.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Etanercept; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis; Guanidines; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Mycophenolic Acid; Plasmapheresis; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Recurrence; Rituximab | 2006 |
What is new in the therapy of ANCA-associated vasculitides? Take home messages from the 12th workshop on ANCA and systemic vasculitides.
Topics: Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyclophosphamide; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Mycophenolic Acid; Prednisolone; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Vasculitis | 2005 |
BK virus nephritis after renal transplantation.
Topics: Antibodies, Viral; Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Cidofovir; Cytosine; DNA, Viral; Graft Survival; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Nephritis; Organophosphonates; Polyomavirus Infections; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Virus Infections; Viremia | 2006 |
Emerging therapies in juvenile rheumatoid/idiopathic arthritis.
Topics: Abatacept; Adalimumab; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoconjugates; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Interleukin-1; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Receptors, Interleukin-1; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sialoglycoproteins; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2006 |
[Adverse events in rheumatoid arthritis patient with etanercept therapy: the appearance of osteomalacia].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Osteomalacia; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor | 2005 |
Leflunomide in solid organ transplantation and polyoma virus infection.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Organ Transplantation; Papillomavirus Infections; Postoperative Complications | 2006 |
Recent developments in the treatment of adult atopic dermatitis.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Calcineurin Inhibitors; Dermatitis, Atopic; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interferon-gamma; Isoxazoles; Keratolytic Agents; Leflunomide; Leukotriene Antagonists | 2006 |
Severe atopic dermatitis and leflunomide: first clinical experience and highlights of pertinent experimental data.
Topics: Adult; Dermatitis, Atopic; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Severity of Illness Index | 2006 |
Leflunomide: a possible alternative for gangciclovir sensitive and resistant cytomegalovirus infections.
Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Drug Resistance, Viral; Ganciclovir; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rats | 2006 |
Leflunomide and warfarin interaction: case report and review of the literature.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Atrial Fibrillation; Blood Coagulation; Drug Interactions; Female; Humans; International Normalized Ratio; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Thromboembolism; Warfarin | 2006 |
Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy: update on antiviral strategies.
Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Cidofovir; Cytosine; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Organophosphonates; Polyomavirus; Polyomavirus Infections; Quinolones | 2006 |
[Drug induced lung injuries in Japanese population].
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Asian People; Bleomycin; Gefitinib; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Isoxazoles; Japan; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Pulmonary Alveoli; Quinazolines; Racial Groups | 2006 |
Medical therapy: where are we now?
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 2006 |
Update on the medical treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Topics: Antibodies, Blocking; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Meloxicam; Methotrexate; Naproxen; Rheumatology; Thiazines; Thiazoles | 2006 |
Cutaneous sarcoidosis therapy updated.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Allopurinol; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antigen Presentation; Antimalarials; Chlorambucil; Contraindications; Cyclosporine; Cytokines; Dermatologic Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Laser Therapy; Leflunomide; Male; Melatonin; Methotrexate; Models, Immunological; Pentoxifylline; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Sarcoidosis; Skin Diseases; Tetracyclines; Th1 Cells; Thalidomide | 2007 |
Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug use in the elderly rheumatoid arthritis patient.
Topics: Aged; Aging; Antimalarials; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Sulfasalazine | 2007 |
[Inhibition of radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis by anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs)].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyclosporine; Disease Progression; Humans; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Radiography; Remission Induction; Sulfasalazine | 2007 |
[Rational therapeutic approach in rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chloroquine; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Joint Prosthesis; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Prostheses and Implants; Sulfasalazine | 2006 |
Novel oral agents for multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cladribine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dimethyl Fumarate; Fingolimod Hydrochloride; Fumarates; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interferon beta-1b; Interferon-beta; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Minocycline; Multiple Sclerosis; Mycophenolic Acid; Propylene Glycols; Pyridones; Quinolones; Sphingosine | 2007 |
[Effective combination therapy of TNF antagonists with DMARDs].
Topics: Adalimumab; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Cysteine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sulfasalazine; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2007 |
[Economic evaluation of a new treatment for rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Quality-Adjusted Life Years; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor | 2007 |
[Do DMARDs contibute to impaired healing after surgery? Should they be discontinued before surgery?].
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Azathioprine; Biological Products; Cyclophosphamide; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Rheumatic Diseases; Surgical Wound Infection; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Wound Healing | 2007 |
A systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and toxicity of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and biological agents for psoriatic arthritis.
Topics: Alefacept; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Biological Products; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Risk Assessment; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2008 |
Conventional therapy of psoriatic arthritis: evidence-based review.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Evidence-Based Medicine; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Mycophenolic Acid; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 2007 |
Leflunomide in psoriatic arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2007 |
Are new agents used to treat rheumatoid arthritis safe to take during pregnancy? Organization of Teratology Information Specialists (OTIS) study.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Antimalarials; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Incidence; Information Services; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnancy Trimester, First; Risk Assessment; Sulfasalazine; Teratogens | 2007 |
Treatment, management, and monitoring of established rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Abatacept; Adalimumab; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Comorbidity; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Humans; Hydrotherapy; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunoconjugates; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Physical Therapy Modalities; Primary Health Care; Prognosis; Quality of Life; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Rituximab; Severity of Illness Index; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 2007 |
[Adverse effects of conventional DMARDs and biologic DMARDs].
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cysteine; Drug Eruptions; Drug Hypersensitivity; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Immune System Diseases; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases; Methotrexate | 2007 |
Emerging treatment of atopic dermatitis.
Topics: Androstadienes; Animals; Dermatitis, Atopic; Desensitization, Immunologic; Fluticasone; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukotriene Antagonists; Mycophenolic Acid; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory | 2007 |
[Leflunomide (Arava) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2007 |
Approaches to the treatment of early rheumatoid arthritis with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Quality of Life; Severity of Illness Index; Sulfasalazine; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2008 |
Novel immunological approaches in the treatment of atopic eczema.
Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dermatitis, Atopic; Desensitization, Immunologic; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Immunotherapy; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2008 |
Use of leflunomide in the treatment of polyomavirus BK-associated nephropathy.
Topics: BK Virus; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Polyomavirus Infections; Tumor Virus Infections | 2008 |
DMARDS and infections in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Infections; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Risk Factors | 2008 |
[The efficacy and safety of the combination of leflunomide (Arava) and biological agents in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2008 |
Update on medication-induced peripheral neuropathy.
Topics: Acetamides; Anti-Infective Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Linezolid; Oxazolidinones; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2009 |
[Antirheumatic agents for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cysteine; Gold Sodium Thiomalate; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Pharmacogenetics; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Remission Induction; Sulfasalazine; Time Factors | 2008 |
[Update in treatment of psoriatic arthritis].
Topics: Adalimumab; Alefacept; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Dermatologic Agents; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2008 |
[New ways in the management of rheumatoid arthritis in Hungary].
Topics: Abatacept; Adalimumab; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoimmunity; Azathioprine; Chloroquine; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Diagnosis, Differential; Early Diagnosis; Etanercept; Humans; Hungary; Immunoconjugates; Immunoglobulin G; Immunologic Factors; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Prognosis; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Rituximab; Sulfasalazine; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2007 |
[Effect of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs on radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cyclosporine; Cysteine; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gold Sodium Thiomalate; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Penicillamine; Radiography; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sulfasalazine; Tacrolimus | 2009 |
[Immunosuppressants].
Topics: Azathioprine; Calcineurin Inhibitors; Collagen Diseases; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Rheumatic Diseases; Ribonucleosides; Risk Assessment; Tacrolimus | 2009 |
Clinical expression of leflunomide-induced pneumonitis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Pneumonia; Retrospective Studies; Tomography, X-Ray Computed | 2009 |
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, a review and an extended report of five patients with different immune compromised states.
Topics: Aged; Antiviral Agents; Cidofovir; Cytosine; Female; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal; Male; Middle Aged; Organophosphonates | 2009 |
Management of RA medications in pregnant patients.
Topics: Abatacept; Acetaminophen; Adult; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antimalarials; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Contraindications; Cyclosporine; Female; Gestational Age; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunoconjugates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Rituximab; Sulfasalazine; Young Adult | 2009 |
Newer therapies for vasculitis.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mycophenolic Acid; Plasma Exchange; Stem Cell Transplantation; Treatment Outcome; Vasculitis | 2009 |
Leflunomide use in renal transplantation.
Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Graft Survival; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Polyomavirus Infections; Risk Assessment; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
A systematic MEDLINE analysis of therapeutic approaches in ankylosing spondylitis.
Topics: Adalimumab; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Diphosphonates; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Methotrexate; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Pamidronate; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Receptors, Interleukin-1; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Steroids; Sulfasalazine; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2009 |
[Rituximab treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: new evidence].
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antigens, CD20; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Rituximab | 2009 |
Recurrent pneumothorax associated with pulmonary nodules after leflunomide therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: a case report and review of the literature.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Multiple Pulmonary Nodules; Pneumothorax; Radiography; Recurrence | 2011 |
Benefit-risk assessment of leflunomide: an appraisal of leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis 10 years after licensing.
Topics: Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Risk Assessment | 2009 |
[Referring to an unusual case: pulmonary affection and rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Bronchiectasis; Dyspnea; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases; Middle Aged; Pleural Diseases; Pleurodesis; Pneumothorax; Pulmonary Emphysema; Radiography, Thoracic; Recurrence; Tetracycline; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2009 |
Endometriosis: in search of optimal treatment.
Topics: Adalimumab; Anastrozole; Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Aromatase Inhibitors; Endometriosis; Estrogen Receptor Modulators; Etanercept; Female; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Hormone Antagonists; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Letrozole; Nitriles; Pentoxifylline; Progesterone; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; Triazoles; Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2010 |
Combination regimen of leflunomide plus methylprednisolone in a female patient with reactive arthritis and concomitant IgA nephropathy.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Arthritis, Reactive; Drug Combinations; Female; Glomerulonephritis, IGA; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methylprednisolone; Young Adult | 2010 |
Leg ulceration in rheumatoid arthritis--an underreported multicausal complication with considerable morbidity: analysis of thirty-six patients and review of the literature.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Etoricoxib; Female; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leg; Leg Ulcer; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prednisolone; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Pyridines; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Sulfones | 2010 |
New-onset psoriasis associated with etanercept therapy.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Prednisolone; Psoriasis; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Sulfasalazine; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2010 |
Pregnancy course and neonatal outcome after exposure to leflunomide--2 cases report and review of literature.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infant, Newborn; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects | 2009 |
[Diagnosis and management of small vessel vasculitides].
Topics: Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Disease Progression; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Mycophenolic Acid; Plasmapheresis; Rituximab; Vasculitis | 2010 |
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus: update of therapeutic options part II.
Topics: Algorithms; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Azathioprine; Clofazimine; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Dapsone; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interferon-alpha; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lenalidomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous; Methotrexate; Mycophenolic Acid; Retinoids; Rituximab; Thalidomide; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2011 |
Leflunomide: a drug with a potential beyond rheumatology.
Topics: Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Biological Availability; Contraindications; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Female; Fetal Development; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Monitoring, Physiologic; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Pregnancy; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Pyrimidines; Teratoma; Transplantation | 2010 |
The BK virus in renal transplant recipients-review of pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Child; Cidofovir; Cytosine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Organophosphonates; Polyomavirus Infections; Reoperation; Treatment Failure | 2011 |
Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome with review of the relevant published work.
Topics: Acquired Hyperostosis Syndrome; Adult; Dermatologic Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leg Dermatoses; Methotrexate; Treatment Outcome | 2011 |
Effective treatment of Kimura's disease with leflunomide in combination with glucocorticoids.
Topics: Adult; Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia; Antirheumatic Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Treatment Outcome | 2011 |
Human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors, a novel approach for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoimmune Diseases; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Drug Design; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Inflammation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2011 |
Methotrexate versus leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis: what is new in 2011?
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2011 |
Leflunomide-induced interstitial pneumonitis might be a representative of disease-modifying antirheumatic drug-induced lung injury.
Topics: Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Humans; Isoxazoles; Japan; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Lung Injury; Radiography | 2011 |
Update 2011: leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis - strengths and weaknesses.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Therapy, Combination; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Lung Diseases; Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1; Methotrexate; Neoplasms; Pharmacogenetics; Rituximab; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2011 |
Leflunomide in renal transplantation.
Topics: Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide | 2011 |
Leflunomide: dermatologic perspective.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Dermatologic Agents; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Skin Diseases | 2013 |
Immunosuppressive therapy in children.
Topics: Antilymphocyte Serum; Autoimmune Diseases; Azathioprine; Child; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mercaptopurine; Methotrexate; Mycophenolic Acid; Nitriles; Sirolimus; Tacrolimus | 2011 |
Leflunomide in dermatology.
Topics: Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Psoriasis; Skin Diseases | 2012 |
[Systemic autoimmune disorders and pregnancy].
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antimalarials; Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoimmune Diseases; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Methotrexate; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Remission Induction; Sjogren's Syndrome; Sulfasalazine; Teratogens; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2011 |
[Maintainance treatment of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm associated antibodies (ANCA)].
Topics: Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, Combination; Early Diagnosis; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Immunosuppressive Agents; Induction Chemotherapy; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Maintenance Chemotherapy; Methotrexate; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Rituximab; Severity of Illness Index; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination | 2011 |
[Treatment of rheumatic diseases: current status and future prospective. Topics: II. Immunosuppressant/antirheumatic drugs; 5. Leflunomide and mizoribine].
Topics: Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Ribonucleosides | 2011 |
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in autoimmune diseases.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoimmune Diseases; Comorbidity; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; JC Virus; Leflunomide; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Rituximab; Virus Activation | 2012 |
[ Bone and cartilage destruction in RA and its intervention. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Bone and Bones; Cartilage; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cysteine; Humans; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Sulfasalazine; Tacrolimus | 2012 |
Alopecia areata during treatment of psoriasis with adalimumab and leflunomide: a case and review of the literature.
Topics: Adalimumab; Adult; Alopecia Areata; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Psoriasis; T-Lymphocytes; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2012 |
How to treat refractory arthritis in lupus?
Topics: Abatacept; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antimalarials; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis; Azathioprine; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunoconjugates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Methotrexate; Mycophenolic Acid; Rituximab | 2012 |
Leflunomide in monotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis: meta-analysis of randomized trials.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 2012 |
[Off-label therapy of rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biological Products; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Approval; Drug Costs; Drug Therapy, Combination; Germany; Humans; Insurance, Pharmaceutical Services; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; National Health Programs; Off-Label Use; Reimbursement Mechanisms; Spondylarthritis; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2012 |
Psoriatic arthritis: treatment strategies using anti-inflammatory drugs and classical DMARDs.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyclosporine; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Nails; Skin; Sulfasalazine | 2012 |
Immunotherapies in rheumatologic disorders.
Topics: Abatacept; Adalimumab; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antirheumatic Agents; Azathioprine; Certolizumab Pegol; Colchicine; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Etanercept; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunoconjugates; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Minocycline; Mycophenolic Acid; Polyethylene Glycols; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Rheumatic Diseases; Rituximab; Sulfasalazine; Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors | 2012 |
My treatment approach to rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Abatacept; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biological Products; Comorbidity; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Immunoconjugates; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Prednisone; Prognosis; Quality of Life; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Referral and Consultation; Remission Induction; Rituximab; Severity of Illness Index; Sulfasalazine; Synovitis; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2012 |
Immunosuppressive treatment for nephrotic idiopathic membranous nephropathy: a meta-analysis based on Chinese adults.
Topics: Adult; Alkylating Agents; Calcineurin Inhibitors; China; Chlorambucil; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Female; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Mycophenolic Acid; Remission Induction; Tacrolimus | 2012 |
Leflunomide: friend or foe for systemic lupus erythematosus?
Topics: Animals; Autoimmunity; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic | 2013 |
New treatment strategies in large-vessel vasculitis.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Arteritis; Giant Cell Arteritis; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Receptors, Interleukin-6; Rituximab; Takayasu Arteritis | 2013 |
Leflunomide therapy for BK virus allograft nephropathy after pediatric kidney transplantation.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Child; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Polyomavirus Infections; Postoperative Complications; Tumor Virus Infections | 2013 |
Advances in the diagnosis, assessment and outcome of Takayasu's arteritis.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Magnetic Resonance Angiography; Positron-Emission Tomography; Prognosis; Radiopharmaceuticals; Takayasu Arteritis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2013 |
Leflunomide-induced DRESS syndrome with renal involvement and vasculitis.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Biopsy; Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome; Eosinophilia; Erythema; Exanthema; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Nephritis; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Vascular Diseases | 2013 |
Established and experimental medical therapy of pulmonary sarcoidosis.
Topics: Adalimumab; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Azathioprine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dyspnea; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Positron-Emission Tomography; Quality of Life; Radiography, Thoracic; Research Design; Respiratory Function Tests; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary; Therapies, Investigational; Treatment Outcome | 2013 |
Safety evaluation of leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2013 |
Pharmacokinetic evaluation of teriflunomide for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Crotonates; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Multiple Sclerosis; Nitriles; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Toluidines | 2013 |
BK virus in the kidney transplant patient.
Topics: BK Virus; Graft Rejection; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Polyomavirus Infections; Prevalence; Quinolones; Tumor Virus Infections | 2013 |
Lung involvement and drug-induced lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Antibodies, Blocking; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Methotrexate; Patient Education as Topic; Rituximab; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2013 |
Comparison of two molecular scaffolds, 5-methylisoxazole-3-carboxamide and 5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxamide.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Crotonates; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mutagenicity Tests; Nitriles; Teratogens; Toluidines; Toxicity Tests, Acute | 2014 |
Current therapy in sarcoidosis, the role of existing drugs and future medicine.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Azathioprine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Sarcoidosis | 2013 |
Treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in the biologic age.
Topics: Abatacept; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoconjugates; Immunoglobulin G; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Interleukin-1; Interleukin-6; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Rituximab; Sulfasalazine; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2013 |
Leflunomide as part of the treatment for multidrug-resistant cytomegalovirus disease after lung transplantation: case report and review of the literature.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Drug Resistance, Viral; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Foscarnet; Ganciclovir; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Transplantation; Middle Aged; Viral Load | 2013 |
Systemic treatments for noninfectious vitreous inflammation.
Topics: Adalimumab; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Eye Diseases; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Inflammation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Vitreous Body | 2013 |
Non-biologic remission maintenance therapy in adult patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Topics: Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis; Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Mycophenolic Acid; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Remission Induction; Treatment Outcome | 2014 |
Current and future oral systemic therapies for psoriasis.
Topics: Acitretin; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antimetabolites; Cyclosporine; Fumarates; Humans; Hydroxyurea; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Keratolytic Agents; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Mycophenolic Acid; Piperidines; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Psoriasis; Pyrimidines; Pyrroles; Sulfasalazine; Thalidomide; Thioguanine | 2015 |
Treatment of severe lupus nephritis: the new horizon.
Topics: Antimalarials; Azathioprine; Biological Products; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Nephritis; Mycophenolic Acid; Ribonucleosides; Severity of Illness Index; Sirolimus; Tacrolimus | 2015 |
Recent advances in cytomegalovirus: an update on pharmacologic and cellular therapies.
Topics: Acetates; Adoptive Transfer; Animals; Antiviral Agents; Benzimidazoles; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Cytosine; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Humans; Isoxazoles; Killer Cells, Natural; Leflunomide; Mice; Organophosphonates; Quinazolines; Ribonucleosides; T-Lymphocytes | 2015 |
Leflunomide and teriflunomide: altering the metabolism of pyrimidines for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
Topics: Animals; Autoimmune Diseases; Crotonates; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Pyrimidines; T-Lymphocytes; Toluidines | 2015 |
Leflunomide: an immune modulating drug that may have a role in controlling secondary infections with review of its mechanisms of action.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Coinfection; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Young Adult | 2015 |
Immunosuppression in pregnant women with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Topics: Contraindications; Cyclosporine; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hypertension; Immunosuppression Therapy; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Maternal Exposure; Mycophenolic Acid; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Withholding Treatment | 2015 |
Treatment of Sarcoidosis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azathioprine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Administration Schedule; Granuloma; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung; Methotrexate; Mycophenolic Acid; Prednisone; Respiratory Function Tests; Sarcoidosis; Skin; Tomography, X-Ray Computed | 2015 |
Update on Takayasu's arteritis.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Biological Products; Biomarkers; Diagnostic Imaging; Disease Management; Disease Progression; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Prevalence; Prognosis; Severity of Illness Index; Takayasu Arteritis; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2015 |
[TERIFLUNOMIDE: A NEW ORAL IMMUNOMODULATING AGENT FOR MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS].
Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Crotonates; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Interferon-alpha; Interferon-beta; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Multiple Sclerosis; Nitriles; Teratogens; Toluidines | 2015 |
Use of a Cholestyramine Washout in a Patient With Septic Shock on Leflunomide Therapy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Cholestyramine Resin; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Prosthesis-Related Infections; Renal Replacement Therapy; Shock, Septic; Treatment Outcome | 2016 |
Lessons Learned From the Clinical Trials of Novel Biologics and Small Molecules in Lupus Nephritis.
Topics: Abatacept; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Biological Products; Boron Compounds; Bortezomib; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Discovery; Glycine; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Nephritis; Mycophenolic Acid; Off-Label Use; Oligonucleotides; Quinolones; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Rituximab; Tacrolimus; Treatment Outcome | 2015 |
The Efficacy and Safety of Leflunomide for the Treatment of Lupus Nephritis in Chinese Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Topics: Adult; Asian People; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Nephritis; Male; Odds Ratio; Remission Induction; Treatment Outcome | 2015 |
The role of synthetic drugs in the biologic era: therapeutic strategies for treating juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Biological Products; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Quality of Life; Sulfasalazine | 2016 |
[Alopecia areata secondary to the use of leflunomide in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a case report and literature review].
Topics: Adult; Alopecia Areata; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2015 |
Leflunomide Use and Risk of Lung Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Literature Review and Metaanalysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk | 2016 |
Challenges and treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis during pregnancy.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biological Products; Female; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 2016 |
Diffuse alveolar damage in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis under prolonged leflunomide treatment: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Pulmonary Alveoli; Time Factors | 2016 |
Successful low-dose leflunomide treatment for ganciclovir-resistant cytomegalovirus infection with high-level antigenemia in a kidney transplant: A case report and literature review.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Drug Resistance, Viral; Female; Ganciclovir; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Transplant Recipients; Treatment Outcome | 2016 |
Interventions for idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children.
Topics: Adolescent; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Dexamethasone; Drug Resistance; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infant; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mycophenolic Acid; Nephrotic Syndrome; Prednisone; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Remission Induction | 2016 |
From Leflunomide to Teriflunomide: Drug Development and Immunosuppressive Oral Drugs in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Crotonates; Drug Discovery; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Multiple Sclerosis; Nitriles; Toluidines | 2017 |
Successful oral treatment of Ganciclovir resistant cytomegalovirus with Maribavir in the context of primary immunodeficiency: First case report and review.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Antiviral Agents; Benzimidazoles; Blood; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Drug Resistance, Viral; Ganciclovir; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Ribonucleosides; Sputum; Time Factors | 2017 |
JC polyomavirus nephropathy, a rare cause of transplant dysfunction: Case report and review of literature.
Topics: Biopsy; BK Virus; Creatinine; Graft Rejection; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Incidence; Isoxazoles; JC Virus; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Function Tests; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Mycophenolic Acid; Nephritis; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polyomavirus Infections; Sirolimus; Tacrolimus; Transplantation, Homologous; Viremia | 2017 |
Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) Syndrome and the Rheumatologist.
Topics: Allopurinol; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Sulfasalazine | 2017 |
Clinical Pharmacokinetic Monitoring of Leflunomide in Renal Transplant Recipients with BK Virus Reactivation: A Review of the Literature.
Topics: Animals; BK Virus; Clinical Decision-Making; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Polyomavirus Infections; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Transplant Recipients; Tumor Virus Infections; Virus Activation | 2017 |
Combination therapy of leflunomide and glucocorticoids for the maintenance of remission in patients with IgG4-related disease: a retrospective study and literature review.
Topics: Autoimmune Diseases; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Remission Induction; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome | 2017 |
[Perioperative management of immunosuppressive treatment in patients undergoing joint surgery].
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antimalarials; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Arthroplasty, Replacement; Biological Products; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Perioperative Care; Risk Factors; Sulfasalazine; Surgical Wound Infection; Wound Healing | 2017 |
Comparative efficacy and tolerability of monotherapy with leflunomide or tacrolimus for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Bayes Theorem; Bendamustine Hydrochloride; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Network Meta-Analysis; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tacrolimus | 2018 |
The perioperative use of synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Biological Products; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Perioperative Care; Risk Factors; Sulfasalazine; Surgical Procedures, Operative | 2017 |
Leflunomide: A promising drug with good antitumor potential.
Topics: Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antineoplastic Agents; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Neoplasms; Neoplastic Stem Cells | 2018 |
Leflunomide: Traditional immunosuppressant with concurrent antiviral effects.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Autoimmune Diseases; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2023 |
127 trial(s) available for isoxazoles and leflunomide
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Safety and effectiveness of leflunomide in the treatment of patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Results of a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase II study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Single-Blind Method; Treatment Outcome | 1995 |
Leflunomide, a novel immunomodulating drug, inhibits homotypic adhesion of peripheral blood and synovial fluid mononuclear cells in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Antigens, CD; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cell Adhesion; Cell Aggregation; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Monocytes; Single-Blind Method; Synovial Fluid | 1996 |
Comparative study of the clinical efficacy of four DMARDs (leflunomide, methotrexate, cyclosporine, and levamisole) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cyclosporine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Levamisole; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged | 1998 |
Efficacy and safety of leflunomide compared with placebo and sulphasalazine in active rheumatoid arthritis: a double-blind, randomised, multicentre trial. European Leflunomide Study Group.
Topics: Algorithms; Analysis of Variance; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Placebos; Radiography; Statistics, Nonparametric; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 1999 |
Leflunomide for active rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous | 1999 |
Leflunomide for active rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 1999 |
Pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of combination treatment with methotrexate and leflunomide in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Diarrhea; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Nausea; Patient Compliance; Treatment Outcome | 1999 |
Function and health-related quality of life: results from a randomized controlled trial of leflunomide versus methotrexate or placebo in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Leflunomide Rheumatoid Arthritis Investigators Group.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adult; Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disability Evaluation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Placebos; Quality of Life | 1999 |
Phase I and pharmacologic study of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor SU101 in patients with advanced solid tumors.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Growth Inhibitors; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Infusions, Intravenous; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Signal Transduction; Time Factors | 1999 |
Treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis with leflunomide compared with placebo and methotrexate. Leflunomide Rheumatoid Arthritis Investigators Group.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Transaminases; Treatment Outcome | 1999 |
Disease modification in rheumatoid arthritis with leflunomide.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Radiography; Sulfasalazine; Time Factors | 1999 |
Efficacy and safety of the new DMARD leflunomide: comparison to placebo and sulfasalazine in active rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Radiography; Safety; Time Factors | 1999 |
Leflunomide improves quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Quality of Life; Sulfasalazine | 1999 |
Leflunomide versus methotrexate: a comparison of the European and American experience.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Double-Blind Method; Europe; Female; Folic Acid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; United States | 1999 |
Treatment with leflunomide slows radiographic progression of rheumatoid arthritis: results from three randomized controlled trials of leflunomide in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Leflunomide Rheumatoid Arthritis Investigators Group.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Placebos; Radiography; Sulfasalazine | 2000 |
Clinical improvement as reflected in measures of function and health-related quality of life following treatment with leflunomide compared with methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: sensitivity and relative efficiency to detect a treatment e
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Quality of Life; Treatment Outcome | 2000 |
A comparison of the efficacy and safety of leflunomide and methotrexate for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Radiography; Treatment Outcome | 2000 |
Inhibition of neutrophil migration soon after initiation of treatment with leflunomide or methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: findings in a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial in fifteen patients.
Topics: Aged; Aniline Compounds; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; Crotonates; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Interleukin-8; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; Neutrophils; Nitriles; Prospective Studies; Toluidines | 2000 |
Modulation of inflammation and metalloproteinase expression in synovial tissue by leflunomide and methotrexate in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Findings in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, parallel-design clinical trial in thirty-nine
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Metalloendopeptidases; Prospective Studies; Synovial Membrane; Synovitis; Therapeutic Equivalency | 2000 |
A multi-institutional phase ii study of SU101, a platelet-derived growth factor receptor inhibitor, for patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antineoplastic Agents; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2001 |
Slowing of disease progression in rheumatoid arthritis patients during long-term treatment with leflunomide or sulfasalazine.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Radiography; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 2001 |
A randomized, controlled, single-blind trial of leflunomide in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Oxaprozin; Propionates; Single-Blind Method | 2001 |
Improved functional ability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis--longterm treatment with leflunomide versus sulfasalazine. European Leflunomide Study Group.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cohort Studies; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Long-Term Care; Male; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Patient Satisfaction; Probability; Prognosis; Range of Motion, Articular; Severity of Illness Index; Sulfasalazine; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2001 |
Treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis with leflunomide: two year follow up of a double blind, placebo controlled trial versus sulfasalazine.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Blood Sedimentation; C-Reactive Protein; Confidence Intervals; Disability Evaluation; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Radiography; Rheumatoid Factor; Statistics, Nonparametric; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 2001 |
Two-year, blinded, randomized, controlled trial of treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis with leflunomide compared with methotrexate. Utilization of Leflunomide in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis Trial Investigator Group.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome | 2001 |
Economic comparison of leflunomide and methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: an evaluation based on a 1-year randomised controlled trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cost of Illness; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Economics, Pharmaceutical; Health Care Costs; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Ontario; Treatment Outcome | 2002 |
Comparative assessment of leflunomide and methotrexate for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, by dynamic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Synovitis; Treatment Outcome | 2002 |
Infliximab and leflunomide combination therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: an open-label study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anaphylaxis; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoantibodies; Combined Modality Therapy; Diarrhea; Drug Eruptions; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infections; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Male; Middle Aged; Oral Ulcer; Pilot Projects; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2002 |
Pharmacokinetics of leflunomide in Chinese healthy volunteers.
Topics: Adult; Aniline Compounds; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Crotonates; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Nitriles; Prodrugs; Random Allocation; Toluidines | 2002 |
Weekly dose of leflunomide for the treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis: an open pilot comparative study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Pilot Projects; Treatment Outcome | 2002 |
The effects of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs on the Health Assessment Questionnaire score. Lessons from the leflunomide clinical trials database.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Databases, Factual; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Health Status; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Placebos; Sulfasalazine; Surveys and Questionnaires; Time Factors | 2002 |
Concomitant leflunomide therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis despite stable doses of methotrexate. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antimetabolites; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Diarrhea; Disability Evaluation; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver Function Tests; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Placebos; Quality of Life; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Outcome | 2002 |
An index of the three core data set patient questionnaire measures distinguishes efficacy of active treatment from that of placebo as effectively as the American College of Rheumatology 20% response criteria (ACR20) or the Disease Activity Score (DAS) in
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Blood Sedimentation; Health Status; Humans; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Pain; Pain Measurement; Placebos; Severity of Illness Index; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Outcome | 2003 |
The efficacy and safety of leflunomide in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis: a five-year followup study.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; C-Reactive Protein; Double-Blind Method; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Health Status; Humans; International Cooperation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Severity of Illness Index; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Outcome | 2003 |
Leflunomide, a new disease-modifying drug for treating active rheumatoid arthritis in methotrexate-controlled phase II clinical trial.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Growth Inhibitors; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged | 2003 |
Efficacy and safety of leflunomide and predisposing factors for treatment response in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis: RELIEF 6-month data.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cohort Studies; Disability Evaluation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Health Status; Humans; International Cooperation; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 2003 |
[Treatment of patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis with combination of leflunomide and methotrexate].
Topics: Adolescent; Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infant; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Treatment Outcome | 2003 |
Rheumatoid arthritis treatment with weekly leflunomide: an open-label study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Maintenance of remission with leflunomide in Wegener's granulomatosis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glucocorticoids; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Prednisolone; Recurrence; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Pediatric phase I trial and pharmacokinetic study of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor pathway inhibitor SU101.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aniline Compounds; Antineoplastic Agents; Central Nervous System Neoplasms; Child; Child, Preschool; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Half-Life; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Nitriles; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Efficacy and safety of leflunomide 10 mg versus 20 mg once daily in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis: multinational double-blind, randomized trial.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Differential effects of leflunomide and methotrexate on cytokine production in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aniline Compounds; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Crotonates; Cytokines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-6; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Nitriles; Toluidines | 2004 |
Leflunomide for chronic sarcoidosis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Nausea; Retrospective Studies; Sarcoidosis; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Long term evaluation of radiographic disease progression in a subset of patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with leflunomide beyond 2 years.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Long-Term Care; Radiography; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Leflunomide in the treatment of psoriasis: results of a phase II open trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Psoriasis; Quality of Life; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Efficacy and safety of leflunomide in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis: a multinational, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Placebos; Quality of Life; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
When a DMARD fails, should patients switch to sulfasalazine or add sulfasalazine to continuing leflunomide?
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Failure; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Combination leflunomide and methotrexate (MTX) therapy for patients with active rheumatoid arthritis failing MTX monotherapy: open-label extension of a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Retreatment; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Leflunomide in the treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Health Status; Humans; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Outcome | 2003 |
Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study of leflunomide in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Topics: Adult; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Pilot Projects | 2004 |
Leflunomide in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: a preliminary study.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adult; Aged; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Psoriasis; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Six months open label trial of leflunomide in active ankylosing spondylitis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Patient Dropouts; Severity of Illness Index; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Leflunomide reduces nitric oxide production in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biomarkers; Citrulline; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Nitric Oxide | 2005 |
Leflunomide or methotrexate for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Alanine Transaminase; Analysis of Variance; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Logistic Models; Male; Methotrexate; Severity of Illness Index | 2005 |
Double blind, randomised, placebo controlled study of leflunomide in the treatment of active ankylosing spondylitis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Patient Compliance; Patient Dropouts; Pilot Projects; Severity of Illness Index; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
[Leflunomide in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
[Evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis activity in clinical practice].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
[Experience in long-term therapy of active rheumatoid arthritis with leflunomide].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Reduction of the efficacy of methotrexate by the use of folic acid: post hoc analysis from two randomized controlled studies.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Interactions; Female; Folic Acid; Hematinics; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
[Treatment of proliferative lupus nephritis with leflunomide and steroid: a prospective multi-center controlled clinical trial].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Nephritis; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
A prospective evaluation of leflunomide therapy for cytomegalovirus disease in renal transplant recipients.
Topics: Adult; Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Leflunomide/chloroquin combination therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chloroquine; Drug Monitoring; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Pilot Projects; Severity of Illness Index | 2006 |
Safety and efficacy of leflunomide in the treatment of lupus nephritis refractory or intolerant to traditional immunosuppressive therapy: an open label trial.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Nephritis; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 2006 |
The effects of leflunomide on clinical parameters and serum levels of IL-6, IL-10, MMP-1 and MMP-3 in patients with resistant rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-6; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1; Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; Middle Aged | 2006 |
Combination of cyclosporine and leflunomide versus single therapy in severe rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 2006 |
Leflunomide improves psoriasis in patients with psoriatic arthritis: an in-depth analysis of data from the TOPAS study.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Psoriasis; Quality of Life; Skin | 2006 |
A Phase II study of the safety and efficacy of teriflunomide in multiple sclerosis with relapses.
Topics: Adult; Double-Blind Method; Female; Headache; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting; Nausea | 2006 |
Increased disease activity is associated with a deteriorated lipid profile in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL; Double-Blind Method; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Severity of Illness Index; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Triglycerides; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2006 |
Randomised controlled trial of leflunomide in the treatment of immunoglobulin A nephropathy.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adolescent; Adult; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Fosinopril; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis, IGA; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged | 2006 |
[Clinical observation on effects of leflunomid and total glucosides of paeony on rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Glucosides; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Paeonia; Phytotherapy; Treatment Outcome | 2006 |
Leflunomide and methotrexate combination therapy in daily clinical practice.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate | 2006 |
Efficacy and safety of leflunomide alone and in combination with methotrexate in the treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Aged; Analysis of Variance; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chi-Square Distribution; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome | 2006 |
[An antidestructive effect of leflunomide in early rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 2006 |
Safety and efficacy of leflunomide in primary Sjögren's syndrome: a phase II pilot study.
Topics: Adult; Aniline Compounds; Crotonates; Diarrhea; Facial Dermatoses; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Middle Aged; Nitriles; Pilot Projects; Sjogren's Syndrome; Statistics, Nonparametric; Toluidines; Vasculitis | 2007 |
Effect of leflunomide on the peripheral nerves in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Neuritis; Peripheral Nerves; Prospective Studies | 2007 |
Preliminary evaluation in rheumatoid arthritis activity in patients treated with TNF-alpha blocker plus methotrexate versus methotrexate or leflunomide alone.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Pilot Projects; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2007 |
Limited efficacy of conventional DMARDs after initial methotrexate failure in patients with recent onset rheumatoid arthritis treated according to the disease activity score.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Arthrography; Clinical Protocols; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prednisone; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Failure; Treatment Outcome | 2007 |
Eight versus 16-week re-evaluation period in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with leflunomide or methotrexate accompanied by moderate dose prednisone.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prednisone; Treatment Outcome | 2007 |
Elevated relapse rate under oral methotrexate versus leflunomide for maintenance of remission in Wegener's granulomatosis.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; C-Reactive Protein; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis; Hemoptysis; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukopenia; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Recurrence; Remission Induction; Treatment Outcome | 2007 |
[Effects of leflunomide combined with hormone therapy for refractory IgA nephropathy].
Topics: Adult; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glomerulonephritis, IGA; Hormones; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Proteinuria; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult | 2007 |
[Clinical study on effect of total panax notoginseng saponins on immune related inner environment imbalance in rheumatoid arthritis patients].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Diclofenac; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Panax notoginseng; Phytotherapy; Prednisone; Rheumatoid Factor; Saponins; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult | 2007 |
[Leflunomide as a second choice treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prednisone; Treatment Outcome | 2007 |
Leflunomide and methotrexate reduce levels of activated matrix metalloproteinases in complexes with alpha2 macroglobulin in serum of rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Topics: Aged; alpha-Macroglobulins; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein; Down-Regulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinases; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Multiprotein Complexes; Phenylalanine; Statistics, Nonparametric; Thiophenes | 2008 |
[Results of leflunomide treatment of psoriatic arthritis].
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Arthralgia; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Quality of Life; Retrospective Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2007 |
Treatment of Crohn's disease with leflunomide as second-line immunosuppression : a phase 1 open-label trial on efficacy, tolerability and safety.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Crohn Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestinal Agents; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome | 2008 |
The role of HLA-DRB1 shared epitope alleles in predicting short-term response to leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Alleles; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biomarkers; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Epitopes; Female; Follow-Up Studies; HLA-DR Antigens; HLA-DRB1 Chains; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Predictive Value of Tests; Prospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 2007 |
Leflunomide (Arava) is a useful DMARD in Indian (Asian) patients: a clinic-based observational study of 1-year treatment.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; India; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Proportional Hazards Models; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome | 2008 |
Adjunctive anakinra in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis despite methotrexate, or leflunomide, or cyclosporin-A monotherapy: a 48-week, comparative, prospective study.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 2008 |
Induction treatment of proliferative lupus nephritis with leflunomide combined with prednisone: a prospective multi-centre observational study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biopsy; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Lupus Nephritis; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome | 2008 |
The changes in serum chemokines following leflunomide therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chemokine CCL2; Chemokine CCL5; Chemokines; Health Status; Humans; Interleukin-6; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Severity of Illness Index | 2009 |
Providing patients with information about disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs: Individually or in groups? A pilot randomized controlled trial comparing adherence and satisfaction.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Counseling; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Patient Compliance; Patient Satisfaction; Pilot Projects; Sulfasalazine; Young Adult | 2009 |
[A clinical study of leflunomide and methotrexate therapy in psoriatic arthritis].
Topics: Adult; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
Comparison of combination therapies in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: leflunomide-anti-TNF-alpha versus methotrexate-anti-TNF-alpha.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoimmunity; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Risk; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2010 |
Pharmacokinetic comparison and bioequivalence of two leflunomide formulations in humans: a single dose, randomized, open-label, two-way crossover study.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Area Under Curve; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Half-Life; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Therapeutic Equivalency; Young Adult | 2010 |
Efficacy and safety of combining intra-articular methylprednisolone and anti-TNF agent to achieve prolonged remission in patients with recurrent inflammatory monoarthritis.
Topics: Adalimumab; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Arthritis; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Injections, Intra-Articular; Isoxazoles; Knee Joint; Leflunomide; Male; Methylprednisolone; Middle Aged; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Remission Induction; Secondary Prevention; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2010 |
Leflunomide in the treatment of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis--results of a prospective non-interventional study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Blood Sedimentation; Diarrhea; Female; Headache; Humans; Hypertension; Incidence; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome | 2010 |
Comparison of the therapeutic effects of leflunomide and mycophenolate mofetil in the treatment of immunoglobulin A nephropathy manifesting with nephrotic syndrome.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glomerulonephritis, IGA; Humans; Immunoglobulin A; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Mycophenolic Acid; Nephrotic Syndrome; Prednisone; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult | 2010 |
The effect of leflunomide on cycling and activation of T-cells in HIV-1-infected participants.
Topics: Adult; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Female; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Count; Male; Phenotype; RNA, Viral; T-Lymphocytes | 2010 |
Leflunomide or methotrexate? Comparison of clinical efficacy and safety in low socio-economic rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Blood Sedimentation; Diarrhea; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Nausea; Severity of Illness Index; Social Class; Treatment Outcome | 2011 |
Leflunomide in Pakistani patients with rheumatoid arthritis: prospective study in daily rheumatology practice.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Pakistan; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Prospective Studies; Remission Induction; Rheumatology; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 2011 |
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of A77 1726 and leflunomide in domestic cats.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Area Under Curve; Cats; Crotonates; Half-Life; Hydroxybutyrates; Injections, Intravenous; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Nitriles; Toluidines | 2012 |
Risk of hepatotoxicity with add-on leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine Transaminase; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Risk | 2011 |
Lack of association between CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene and the outcome of rheumatoid arthritis treatment with leflunomide.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Genetic; Receptors, Androgen; Treatment Outcome | 2012 |
Leflunomide for cytomegalovirus: bench to bedside.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Transplantation | 2012 |
Comparative bioequivalence study of leflunomide tablets in Indian healthy volunteers.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Area Under Curve; Biological Availability; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Confidence Intervals; Cross-Over Studies; Crotonates; Half-Life; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; India; Indicators and Reagents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Nitriles; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Tablets; Therapeutic Equivalency; Toluidines; Young Adult | 2012 |
Effects of double filtration plasmapheresis, leflunomide, and methotrexate on inflammatory changes found through magnetic resonance imaging in early rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Combined Modality Therapy; Disability Evaluation; Early Diagnosis; Female; Health Status; Humans; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Plasmapheresis; Quality of Life; Recovery of Function | 2012 |
Clinical efficacy of leflunomide in primary Sjogren's syndrome is associated with regulation of T-cell activity and upregulation of IL-7 receptor α expression.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; CD40 Ligand; Cells, Cultured; Cytokines; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Pilot Projects; Receptors, Interleukin-7; Sjogren's Syndrome; Up-Regulation; Young Adult | 2012 |
Beneficial effect of interleukin 1 inhibition with anakinra in adult-onset Still's disease. An open, randomized, multicenter study.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Receptors, Interleukin-1; Remission Induction; Still's Disease, Adult-Onset; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 2012 |
Etanercept normalises left ventricular mass in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cohort Studies; Echocardiography; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Pulse Wave Analysis; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vascular Stiffness | 2013 |
Efficacy and safety of leflunomide in DMARD-naive patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: comparison of a loading and a fixed-dose regimen.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome | 2013 |
Reduced hepatotoxicity by total glucosides of paeony in combination treatment with leflunomide and methotrexate for patients with active rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alanine Transaminase; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Cytoprotection; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glucosides; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Male; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Paeonia; Plant Roots; Young Adult | 2013 |
[Effects of leflunomide in treating patients with rheumatoid arthritis of different Chinese medical syndrome patterns].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Middle Aged; Yin Deficiency; Young Adult | 2013 |
Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence evaluation of leflunomide tablets in Korean healthy volunteers.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Antirheumatic Agents; Area Under Curve; Cross-Over Studies; Crotonates; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Nitriles; Republic of Korea; Therapeutic Equivalency; Toluidines; Young Adult | 2013 |
Fish oil in recent onset rheumatoid arthritis: a randomised, double-blind controlled trial within algorithm-based drug use.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Blood Sedimentation; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Early Medical Intervention; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Female; Fish Oils; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Remission Induction; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 2015 |
Valsartan combined with clopidogrel and/or leflunomide for the treatment of progressive immunoglobulin A nephropathy.
Topics: Adult; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Biomarkers; China; Clopidogrel; Creatinine; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis, IGA; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Male; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Proteinuria; Tetrazoles; Ticlopidine; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Valsartan | 2015 |
Methotrexate in combination with other DMARDs is not superior to methotrexate alone for remission induction with moderate-to-high-dose glucocorticoid bridging in early rheumatoid arthritis after 16 weeks of treatment: the CareRA trial.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Early Medical Intervention; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Induction Chemotherapy; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prednisone; Risk Assessment; Severity of Illness Index; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 2015 |
Efficacy and safety of weekly leflunomide for the treatment of early rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized, multi-center study.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Blood Sedimentation; Chi-Square Distribution; China; Drug Administration Schedule; Early Diagnosis; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Predictive Value of Tests; Remission Induction; Severity of Illness Index; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2016 |
Total glucosides of paeony can reduce the hepatotoxicity caused by Methotrexate and Leflunomide combination treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glucosides; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Paeonia; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult | 2015 |
[Treatment of Refractory Rheumatoid Arthritis by Huayu Tongbi Recipe Combined Methotrexate].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthralgia; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Phytotherapy; Treatment Outcome | 2015 |
Effectiveness of methotrexate with step-down glucocorticoid remission induction (COBRA Slim) versus other intensive treatment strategies for early rheumatoid arthritis in a treat-to-target approach: 1-year results of CareRA, a randomised pragmatic open-la
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; C-Reactive Protein; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prednisone; Prognosis; Remission Induction; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Sulfasalazine | 2017 |
Efficacy of Leflunomide, Telmisartan, and Clopidogrel for Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Blood Pressure; China; Clopidogrel; Creatinine; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis, IGA; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney Function Tests; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Telmisartan; Ticlopidine; Treatment Outcome; Uric Acid; Young Adult | 2016 |
Efficacy of leflunomide combined with prednisone in the treatment of refractory nephrotic syndrome.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; China; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Function Tests; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Nephrotic Syndrome; Prednisone; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult | 2016 |
Leflunomide is equally efficacious and safe compared to low dose rituximab in refractory rheumatoid arthritis given in combination with methotrexate: results from a randomized double blind controlled clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocytes; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Rituximab; Treatment Outcome | 2017 |
Analysis of changes in joint function and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and intervention effects of different drugs.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Chemokine CXCL10; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Leukocyte Count; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Middle Aged; Receptor, Notch1; Young Adult | 2017 |
[Rheumatoid arthritis treated with acupoint application of
Topics: Acupuncture Points; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Meridians; Treatment Outcome | 2016 |
MRI assessment of erosion repair in patients with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis receiving double-filtration plasmapheresis in addition to leflunomide and methotrexate: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Plasmapheresis; Treatment Outcome | 2018 |
Effects of immunosuppressive agents on the hemostatic system in normal dogs.
Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Animals; Azathioprine; Blood Coagulation; Blood Platelets; Creatinine; Cross-Over Studies; Cyclosporine; Dogs; Female; Hemostasis; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mycophenolic Acid; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Count; Prednisone; Thromboxane B2 | 2018 |
920 other study(ies) available for isoxazoles and leflunomide
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Suppression of natural xenophile antibodies with the novel immunomodulating drug leflunomide.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Heterophile; Antibody Formation; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Transfusion; Lymphocytes; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew | 1992 |
Therapeutic effects of leflunomide, a new antirheumatic drug, on glomerulonephritis induced by the antibasement membrane antibody in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; Azathioprine; Basement Membrane; Body Weight; Cholesterol; Fibrinogen; Glomerulonephritis; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Glomerulus; Leflunomide; Male; Methylprednisolone; Methylprednisolone Acetate; Proteinuria; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1991 |
Prevention of kidney and skin graft rejection in rats by leflunomide, a new immunomodulating agent.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Skin Transplantation; Time Factors | 1991 |
Immunomodulating effects of T-44 in comparison to HWA 486.
Topics: 1-Naphthylamine; Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cyclosporins; Edema; Female; Graft vs Host Reaction; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Picryl Chloride | 1991 |
Effects of leflunomide on glomerulonephritis induced by antibasement membrane antibody in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Basement Membrane; Cell Division; Complement C3; Fibrin; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Glomerulonephritis; Immune Sera; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Glomerulus; Leflunomide; Male; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; Proteinuria; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1990 |
Drug actions on delayed-type hypersensitivity in rats with developing and established adjuvant arthritis.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antigens, Bacterial; Arthritis; Arthritis, Experimental; Cyclosporins; Freund's Adjuvant; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Indomethacin; Isoxazoles; Kinetics; Leflunomide; Male; Mycobacterium; Propionates; Rats; Steroids | 1990 |
Leflunomide (HWA 486) inhibits experimental autoimmune tubulointerstitial nephritis in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Autoantibodies; Autoimmune Diseases; Basement Membrane; Cyclosporins; Isoxazoles; Kidney Tubules; Leflunomide; Nephritis, Interstitial; Oxazoles; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN | 1989 |
6-Sulfanilamidoindazole arthritis in rats: influence of the new anti-inflammatory agent CGP 28237 and of the immunomodulating compound HWA 486 on degree of arthritis and on acute phase reaction.
Topics: Acute-Phase Reaction; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis; Arthritis, Experimental; Indans; Indenes; Inflammation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Oxazoles; Rats; Sulfanilamides | 1988 |
Immunopharmacological profile of HWA 486, a novel isoxazol derivative--II. In vivo immunomodulating effects differ from those of cyclophosphamide, prednisolone, or cyclosporin A.
Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Antibody-Producing Cells; B-Lymphocytes; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporins; Female; Immune System; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Luminescent Measurements; Lymphocyte Activation; Mice; Mitogens; Oxazoles; Prednisolone; T-Lymphocytes | 1986 |
Disease modifying activity of HWA 486 in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis; Arthritis, Experimental; Cyclosporins; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; In Vitro Techniques; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Male; Oxazoles; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew | 1987 |
The use of the murine chronic graft vs host (CGVH) disease, a model for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), for drug discovery.
Topics: Animals; Cyclophosphamide; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Female; Graft vs Host Disease; Indomethacin; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Mice; Prednisolone | 1987 |
Disease modifying activity of HWA 486 on the development of SLE in MRL/1-mice.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Autoimmune Diseases; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Oxazoles | 1986 |
Immunopharmacological profile of a novel isoxazol derivative, HWA 486, with potential antirheumatic activity--I. Disease modifying action on adjuvant arthritis of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis; Arthritis, Experimental; Cyclophosphamide; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Male; Oxazoles; Radiography; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew | 1985 |
The immunosuppressant leflunomide inhibits lymphocyte proliferation by inhibiting pyrimidine biosynthesis.
Topics: Animals; Cell Cycle; Cell Nucleolus; Cells, Cultured; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; DNA; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Ki-67 Antigen; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Neoplasm Proteins; Nuclear Proteins; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; Pyrimidines; Rats; RNA; T-Lymphocytes; Uridine | 1995 |
Pharmacologically induced regression of chronic transplant rejection.
Topics: Animals; Cell Division; Cyclosporine; Drug Synergism; Graft Rejection; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoantibodies; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Inbred Lew | 1995 |
Immunosuppressive effects of leflunomide in experimental chronic vascular rejection.
Topics: Animals; Aorta; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Graft Rejection; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-6; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Leukotriene B4; Rats | 1995 |
Delay in corneal allograft rejection due to anti-CD4 antibody given alone and in combination with cyclosporin A and leflunomide.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; CD4 Antigens; Corneal Transplantation; Cyclosporine; Graft Rejection; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Inbred Lew; Time Factors; Transplantation, Homologous | 1995 |
Protective effect of leflunomide on the natural course of Leishmania major-induced disease in genetically susceptible BALB/c mice.
Topics: Animals; Antiparasitic Agents; Antiprotozoal Agents; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Immunity, Innate; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leishmania major; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C | 1995 |
Efficacy of leflunomide in combination with current immunosuppressive agents in rat cardiac allotransplantation.
Topics: Animals; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tacrolimus; Transplantation, Heterotopic; Transplantation, Homologous | 1994 |
The immunosuppressant leflunomide inhibits lymphocyte progression through cell cycle by a novel mechanism.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; Calcium; Cell Cycle; Female; Immunosuppressive Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Interleukin-2; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Phosphotyrosine; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Rats; Receptors, Interleukin-2; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Tyrosine | 1995 |
Inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase by the immunosuppressive agent leflunomide.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cell Division; Cell Line; Crotonates; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kinetics; Leflunomide; Lymphocytes; Mitochondria; Nitriles; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Toluidines; Ubiquinone; Uridine Monophosphate | 1995 |
Use of contrast enhanced MRI in the assessment of therapeutic response to a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug. Case study of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis--6- and 24-month follow up.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Monitoring; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Metacarpophalangeal Joint; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Radiography; Single-Blind Method; Treatment Outcome | 1995 |
Effects of leflunomide on the course of listeriosis in mice. Short communication.
Topics: Ampicillin; Animals; Cyclophosphamide; Dextran Sulfate; Female; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Listeriosis; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Spleen | 1995 |
Leflunomide prevents the development of experimentally induced myasthenia gravis.
Topics: Animals; Autoantibodies; Autoimmune Diseases; Female; Flow Cytometry; Immunization; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Myasthenia Gravis; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Cholinergic; T-Lymphocyte Subsets; Thymus Gland; Time Factors; Torpedo | 1995 |
The immunomodulatory effect of leflunomide in rat cardiac allotransplantation.
Topics: Animals; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Body Weight; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Transplantation, Homologous | 1995 |
Measurement of the active leflunomide metabolite (A77 1726) by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Crotonates; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Rabbits; Toluidines | 1995 |
Inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphorylation in T cells by a novel immunosuppressive agent, leflunomide.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; CD3 Complex; Cells, Cultured; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-2; Isoenzymes; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck); Mice; Phospholipase C gamma; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; Receptors, Interleukin-2; Signal Transduction; T-Lymphocytes; Type C Phospholipases | 1995 |
Studies in experimental models of chronic rejection: use of rapamycin (sirolimus) and isoxazole derivatives (leflunomide and its analogue) for the suppression of graft vascular disease and obliterative bronchiolitis.
Topics: Animals; Bronchiolitis Obliterans; Cyclosporine; Graft Occlusion, Vascular; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Polyenes; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Inbred Lew; Sirolimus; Tunica Intima | 1995 |
Differential effects of the immunosuppressive agents cyclosporine and leflunomide in vivo. Leflunomide blocks clonal T cell expansion yet allows production of lymphokines and manifestation of T cell-mediated shock.
Topics: Animals; Cell Cycle; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Cyclosporine; Flow Cytometry; Interleukin-2; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Superantigens; T-Lymphocytes; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 1995 |
Mechanism of leflunomide-induced prevention of xenoantibody formation and xenograft rejection in the hamster to rat heart transplantation model.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Heterophile; Antibody Formation; Complement System Proteins; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; Flow Cytometry; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mesocricetus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Rats, Nude; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1995 |
Leflunomide (HWA 486) and its analog suppress T- and B-cell proliferation in vitro, acute rejection, ongoing rejection, and antidonor antibody synthesis in mouse, rat, and cynomolgus monkey transplant recipients as well as arterial intimal thickening afte
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arteries; B-Lymphocytes; Catheterization; Crotonates; Cyclosporine; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Macaca fascicularis; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C3H; Nitriles; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Inbred Lew; T-Lymphocytes; Toluidines; Transplantation, Homologous; Tunica Intima | 1995 |
Leflunomide: inhibition of S-antigen induced autoimmune uveitis in Lewis rats.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Animals; Antibodies; Antigens; Arrestin; Autoimmune Diseases; Cyclosporine; Dexamethasone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eye Proteins; Freund's Adjuvant; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Rats; Retina; Uveitis | 1994 |
Leflunomide controls rejection in hamster to rat cardiac xenografts.
Topics: Animals; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mesocricetus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1994 |
Induction therapy of leflunomide and cyclosporine allows for long-term xenograft survival under cyclosporine alone.
Topics: Animals; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Drug Synergism; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rats; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1994 |
Effect of leflunomide on constitutive and inducible pathways of cellular eicosanoid generation.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arachidonic Acid; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Crotonates; Dinoprostone; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids; Indomethacin; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukotriene B4; Lipopolysaccharides; Mice; Neutrophils; Nitriles; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Rabbits; Sheep; Toluidines | 1994 |
Leflunomide inhibits cytokine-induced DNA synthesis of rabbit synovial cells in culture.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Crotonates; Cytokines; DNA; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Rabbits; Synovial Membrane; Toluidines | 1994 |
Long-term xenograft survival and suppression of xenoantibody formation in the hamster-to-rat heart transplant model using a combination therapy of leflunomide and cyclosporine.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Heterophile; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mesocricetus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1994 |
Effects of leflunomide and cyclosporine on aortic allograft chronic rejection in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Chronic Disease; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Rejection; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Inbred WF; Transplantation, Homologous; Tunica Intima | 1994 |
Leflunomide therapy following penetrating keratoplasty in the rat.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Cornea; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Graft Rejection; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Keratoplasty, Penetrating; Leflunomide; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Inbred Lew; Transplantation, Homologous | 1994 |
Prevention of the acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in rats by the immunomodulating drug leflunomide.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Conjunctivitis; Dermatitis; Graft vs Host Disease; Hybridization, Genetic; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Spleen | 1994 |
An evaluation of leflunomide in the canine renal transplantation model.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Creatinine; Cyclosporine; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Graft Survival; Immunosuppressive Agents; Injections, Intravenous; Isoxazoles; Kidney Function Tests; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Time Factors | 1994 |
Effect of leflunomide in control of acute rejection in hamster-to-rat cardiac xenografts.
Topics: Animals; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mesocricetus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Regression Analysis; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous; Transplantation, Heterotopic | 1994 |
Leflunomide and cyclosporin-A prolong fish-to-mouse islet xenograft survival in BALB/C mice.
Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Cyclosporine; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Graft Survival; Immunosuppressive Agents; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Tilapia; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1994 |
Leflunomide immunosuppression in rat small intestinal transplantation.
Topics: Animals; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Graft vs Host Disease; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intestine, Small; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Transplantation, Homologous; Weight Gain | 1994 |
Oral leflunomide prevents small bowel allograft rejection in the rat.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Cyclosporine; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intestine, Small; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Inbred Lew; Transplantation, Homologous | 1994 |
[Leflunomide inhibits PAF induced DNA synthesis in rabbit synovial cells and PAF production from rat peritoneal macrophages].
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Crotonates; DNA; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Macrophages, Peritoneal; Nitriles; Platelet Activating Factor; Rabbits; Rats; Synovial Membrane; Toluidines | 1994 |
Promotion of corneal allograft survival with leflunomide.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Cornea; Cyclosporine; Female; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Keratoplasty, Penetrating; Leflunomide; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Inbred WF; Transplantation, Homologous | 1994 |
Leflunomide in experimental transplantation. Control of rejection and alloantibody production, reversal of acute rejection, and interaction with cyclosporine.
Topics: Abdomen; Acute Disease; Animals; Antibody Formation; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Empyema; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoantibodies; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Models, Biological; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Transplantation, Heterotopic | 1994 |
Inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase activity by leflunomide.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Line; Cells, Cultured; Crotonates; ErbB Receptors; Fibroblasts; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; KB Cells; Leflunomide; Male; Nitriles; Phosphorylation; Skin; Toluidines; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1993 |
Elevated levels of TNF in the joints of adjuvant arthritic rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Experimental; Biological Assay; Cells, Cultured; Cyclosporine; Edema; Freund's Adjuvant; Ibuprofen; Isoxazoles; Joints; L Cells; Leflunomide; Macrophages, Peritoneal; Male; Methotrexate; Mice; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 1993 |
Effects of leflunomide (HWA 486) on expression of lymphocyte activation markers.
Topics: Adult; Aniline Compounds; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Biomarkers; Crotonates; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Nitriles; Phytohemagglutinins; Receptors, Interleukin-2; Receptors, Transferrin; Toluidines | 1993 |
Leflunomide, a novel immunosuppressive agent. The mechanism of inhibition of T cell proliferation.
Topics: Antigens, CD; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; CD28 Antigens; CD3 Complex; Cyclosporine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Interleukin-2; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; Receptors, Interleukin-2; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate | 1993 |
Immunosuppressive effects of leflunomide in a cardiac allograft model.
Topics: Animals; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Inbred Lew; Transplantation, Heterotopic; Transplantation, Homologous | 1993 |
Leflunomide, a novel immunomodulatory agent: in vitro analyses of the mechanism of immunosuppression.
Topics: Cells, Cultured; Cyclosporine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Polyenes; Sirolimus; T-Lymphocytes; Thymidine; Tritium | 1993 |
Prolongation of allogeneic transplanted skin grafts and induction of tolerance by leflunomide, a new immunosuppressive isoxazol derivative.
Topics: Animals; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Immune Tolerance; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocytes; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Inbred Strains; Skin Transplantation; Spleen; Time Factors; Transplantation, Homologous | 1993 |
Immunosuppression with leflunomide and cyclosporine prevents pig-to-rat islet xenograft rejection.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Heterophile; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Rejection; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Polyenes; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Sirolimus; Swine; Tacrolimus; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1995 |
Leflunomide: an active antiinflammatory and antiproliferative agent in models of dermatologic disease.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bromodeoxyuridine; Cell Division; Chronic Disease; Edema; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukotriene B4; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neutral Red; Peroxidase; Phorbol Esters; Skin Diseases | 1995 |
Leflunomide, a reversible inhibitor of pyrimidine biosynthesis?
Topics: Cell Division; Cell Line; Cytidine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kinetics; Leflunomide; Pyrimidines; Uracil Nucleotides; Uridine | 1995 |
Effects of leflunomide and other immunosuppressive agents on T cell proliferation in vitro.
Topics: Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-2; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; T-Lymphocytes | 1996 |
The immunosuppressive metabolite of leflunomide is a potent inhibitor of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Crotonates; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kinetics; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Recombinant Proteins; Toluidines | 1996 |
Leflunomide interferes with pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis.
Topics: Animals; Concanavalin A; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Indicators and Reagents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; PC12 Cells; Pyrimidine Nucleotides; Rats; Spleen; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiazoles; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1995 |
Blood distribution and single-dose pharmacokinetics of leflunomide.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Biological Availability; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Computer Simulation; Crotonates; Half-Life; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Injections, Intravenous; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lipoproteins; Nitriles; Rabbits; Toluidines; Ultracentrifugation | 1995 |
Effect of leflunomide and cyclosporine on the occurrence of chronic xenograft lesions.
Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Rats; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1995 |
Regulation of B cell function by the immunosuppressive agent leflunomide.
Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; B-Lymphocytes; Cell Cycle; Cell Division; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lipopolysaccharides; Lymphocyte Activation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Stimulation, Chemical; T-Lymphocytes; Time Factors | 1996 |
Mechanisms involved in long-term hamster-to-rat cardiac xenograft survival.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Heterophile; Antigens, Heterophile; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mesocricetus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous; Transplantation, Heterotopic | 1996 |
Complete control of humoral and cell-mediated xenoreactions with the combination of leflunomide and cyclosporine.
Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Rejection; Heart Transplantation; Immunity, Cellular; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mesocricetus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Transplantation, Heterologous; Transplantation, Heterotopic | 1996 |
Control and reversal of chronic xenograft rejection in hamster-to-rat cardiac transplantation.
Topics: Animals; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Rejection; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mesocricetus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Transplantation, Heterologous; Transplantation, Homologous | 1996 |
Effect of leflunomide, cyclosporine, and splenectomy in two different organ systems of concordant xenotransplantation in rats.
Topics: Animals; Combined Modality Therapy; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Neoplasms; Leflunomide; Male; Mesocricetus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Splenectomy; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1996 |
Efficacy of leflunomide to reduce xenoantibody titers in vivo: an evaluation of the prolongation of discordant xenograft survival.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Heterophile; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Rabbits; Swine; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1996 |
Obliterative airway disease after heterotopic tracheal xenotransplantation in a concordant rodent model: pathogenesis and treatment.
Topics: Airway Obstruction; Animals; Bronchiolitis Obliterans; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mesocricetus; Polyenes; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Sirolimus; Trachea; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1996 |
Prolongation of concordant islet xenografts with leflunomide.
Topics: Animals; Antilymphocyte Serum; Cryopreservation; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Graft Survival; Immunosuppressive Agents; Islets of Langerhans; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Rats; Rats, Inbred WF; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1996 |
Immunosuppression with cyclosporin A in combination with leflunomide and mycophenolate mofetil prevents rejection of pig-islets transplanted into rats.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Heterophile; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fetal Tissue Transplantation; Graft Rejection; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mycophenolic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Swine; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1996 |
Immunosuppressive effect of RS-61443 on rat cardiac allograft survival in combination with leflunomide or FK 506.
Topics: Animals; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mycophenolic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tacrolimus; Transplantation, Homologous; Transplantation, Isogeneic | 1996 |
Combined immunosuppression with leflunomide and cyclosporine prevents MLR-mismatched renal allograft rejection in a mongrel canine model.
Topics: Animals; Cyclosporine; Dogs; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Histocompatibility Testing; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; Transplantation, Homologous | 1996 |
Spectrum of susceptibility to rejection of heart and multivisceral small bowel allografts using leflunomide immunosuppression.
Topics: Animals; Disease Susceptibility; Graft Rejection; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intestine, Small; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Myocardial Contraction; Pancreas Transplantation; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Inbred Strains; Transplantation, Homologous | 1996 |
Immunosuppressive effect of brequinar on rat cardiac allograft survival in combination with leflunomide or FK 506.
Topics: Animals; Biphenyl Compounds; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Histocompatibility Testing; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spleen; Tacrolimus; Transplantation, Homologous | 1996 |
Effect of leflunomide on T-independent xenoantibody formation in rats receiving hamster heart xenografts.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Heterophile; Antibody Formation; Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte; B-Lymphocytes; Cricetinae; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mesocricetus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; T-Lymphocytes; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1996 |
Delayed xenograft rejection in the concordant hamster heart into Lewis rat model.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Drug Administration Schedule; Graft Rejection; Heart Transplantation; Immunity, Cellular; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1996 |
Inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation in vitro by leflunomide, a new immunosuppressant, is antagonized by uridine.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Cell Division; Cell Line; Crotonates; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Growth Inhibitors; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Muscle, Smooth; Nitriles; Toluidines; Uridine | 1995 |
Inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation in vitro by leflunomide, a new immunosuppressant, is antagonized by uridine.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Cell Division; Cell Line, Transformed; Crotonates; Graft Rejection; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Muscle, Smooth; Nitriles; Toluidines; Uridine | 1995 |
Two activities of the immunosuppressive metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726. Inhibition of pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis and protein tyrosine phosphorylation.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Western; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukemia, Experimental; Mice; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Uridine | 1996 |
Flow-cytometric analysis of peripheral lymphocytes in the rat following penetrating keratoplasty and immunosuppressive treatment.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; CD4 Antigens; Cyclosporine; Drug Combinations; Flow Cytometry; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct; Graft Rejection; Immune Tolerance; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Keratoplasty, Penetrating; Leflunomide; Lymphocytes; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Inbred Lew | 1996 |
Effects of leflunomide and cyclosporine on myocutaneous allograft survival in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Cyclosporine; Evoked Potentials; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Hindlimb; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Muscle, Skeletal; Nerve Regeneration; Neural Conduction; Neuromuscular Junction; Peripheral Nerves; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Inbred Lew; Skin Transplantation | 1996 |
The immunosuppressant leflunomide blocks the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle at the G1 phase.
Topics: Cell Cycle; Cell Division; Drug Resistance, Microbial; G1 Phase; Hot Temperature; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mutation; Saccharomyces cerevisiae | 1996 |
Ganglioside GM3 inhibition of EGF receptor mediated signal transduction.
Topics: Cell Division; Cell Line; ErbB Receptors; G(M3) Ganglioside; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Immediate-Early; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Signal Transduction | 1996 |
Immunomodulation of rat antigen-induced arthritis by leflunomide alone and in combination with cyclosporin A.
Topics: Animals; Arthritis; Autoantibodies; Cyclosporine; Female; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Organ Size; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serum Albumin, Bovine | 1996 |
Leflunomide and cyclosporine immunomodulation in intestinal xenotransplantation.
Topics: Animals; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intestine, Small; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mesocricetus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1996 |
A short-term combination therapy with cyclosporine and rapamycin or leflunomide induces long-term heart allograft survival in a strongly immunogenic strain combination in rats.
Topics: Animals; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Male; Polyenes; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sirolimus | 1996 |
Effect of RS61443 in combination with leflunomide or FK506 on rat heart allograft survival.
Topics: Animals; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mycophenolic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Tacrolimus; Transplantation, Homologous | 1996 |
Efficacy of the malononitrilamide X 920715 as compared with leflunomide in cardiac allo- and xenotransplantation in rats.
Topics: Alkynes; Animals; Cricetinae; Drug Synergism; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mesocricetus; Nitriles; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Transplantation, Heterologous; Transplantation, Homologous | 1996 |
A novel immunomodulating agent--leflunomide inhibits experimental autoimmune diabetes in mice.
Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Hyperglycemia; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred CBA; Time Factors | 1996 |
A novel mechanism of action of the immunomodulatory drug, leflunomide: augmentation of the immunosuppressive cytokine, TGF-beta 1, and suppression of the immunostimulatory cytokine, IL-2.
Topics: Cells, Cultured; Gene Expression; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-2; Isoxazoles; Jurkat Cells; Leflunomide; Transcription, Genetic; Transforming Growth Factor beta | 1996 |
Mechanism of action of leflunomide: in vivo uridine administration reverses its inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation.
Topics: Animals; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Male; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Thymidine; Uridine | 1996 |
In vivo mechanism of action of leflunomide: selective inhibition of the capacity of B lymphocytes to make T-independent xenoantibodies.
Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; B-Lymphocytes; Cells, Cultured; Cyclosporine; Flow Cytometry; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; T-Lymphocytes | 1996 |
Leflunomide, a novel immunomodulating drug, inhibits homotypic adhesion of mononuclear cells in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Antigens, CD; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cell Aggregation; Cells, Cultured; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocytes; Synovial Fluid; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate | 1996 |
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase is a target for the biological effects of leflunomide.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding Sites; Cells, Cultured; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intracellular Membranes; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred Strains; Microsomes; Mitochondria; Molecular Sequence Data; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Spleen | 1996 |
Single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of leflunomide's active metabolite A77 1726 in normal Lewis rats.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Crotonates; DNA; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Male; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Nitriles; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Thymidine; Time Factors; Toluidines | 1996 |
Progressive change in tolerance mechanisms after withdrawing combination immunosuppression with cyclosporine and rapamycine or leflunomide.
Topics: Animals; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immune Tolerance; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Polyenes; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sirolimus; T-Lymphocytes; Time Factors; Transplantation, Homologous | 1996 |
Prolongation of rat islet allograft survival by the immunosuppressive agent leflunomide.
Topics: Animals; Eosine Yellowish-(YS); Graft Survival; Hematoxylin; Immunosuppressive Agents; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew | 1997 |
In vivo effects of leflunomide on normal pancreatic islet and syngeneic islet graft function.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Cyclosporine; Immunosuppressive Agents; Islets of Langerhans; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rats; Tacrolimus; Time Factors | 1997 |
Efficacy of immunosuppressive drugs in islet xenotransplantation: leflunomide in combination with cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil prevents islet xenograft rejection in the pig-to-rat model.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Complement System Proteins; Cyclosporine; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Graft Rejection; Immunoglobulin G; Immunohistochemistry; Immunosuppressive Agents; Islets of Langerhans; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mice; Pregnancy; Rats; Swine; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous; Uridine | 1997 |
Use of type I and type IV hypersensitivity responses to define the immunopharmacological profile of drugs.
Topics: Animals; C-Reactive Protein; Cyclosporine; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Female; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Immunosuppressive Agents; Indomethacin; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C | 1997 |
Natural killer cell- and macrophage-mediated rejection of concordant xenografts in the absence of T and B cell responses.
Topics: Adoptive Transfer; Animals; B-Lymphocytes; Cricetinae; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; Graft Rejection; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Killer Cells, Natural; Leflunomide; Macrophages; Male; Mesocricetus; Rats; Rats, Nude; Spleen; T-Lymphocytes; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1997 |
Effect of leflunomide and cyclosporine on concordant xenogeneic islet transplantation in streptozotocin-induced and autoimmune diabetic mice.
Topics: Animals; Cyclosporine; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Graft Survival; Immunosuppressive Agents; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred NOD; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Species Specificity; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1997 |
Successful xenotransplantation of adult porcine islets in NOD and BALB/c mice with leflunomide and cyclosporine.
Topics: Animals; Cyclosporine; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Graft Survival; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred NOD; Swine; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1997 |
In vivo mechanism by which leflunomide controls lymphoproliferative and autoimmune disease in MRL/MpJ-lpr/lpr mice.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Autoimmune Diseases; Crotonates; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymph Nodes; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Nitriles; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Pyrimidine Nucleotides; Toluidines; Uridine | 1997 |
A new rational hypothesis for the pharmacophore of the active metabolite of leflunomide, a potent immunosuppressive drug.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Crotonates; Female; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Nitriles; Prodrugs; Structure-Activity Relationship; Toluidines | 1997 |
Potencies of leflunomide and HR325 as inhibitors of prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase-1 and -2: comparison with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Isoenzymes; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1997 |
Donor pretreatment with leflunomide has an adverse effect on rat cardiac allograft survival.
Topics: Animals; Genes, MHC Class I; Genes, MHC Class II; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunohistochemistry; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Macrophages; Male; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1997 |
Triple drug treatment with cyclosporine, leflunomide and mycophenolate mofetil prevents rejection of pig islets transplanted into rats and primates.
Topics: Animals; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Rejection; Haplorhini; Immunosuppressive Agents; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mycophenolic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Swine; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1997 |
Quantitation of the changes in splenic architecture during the rejection of cardiac allografts or xenografts.
Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Antibody Specificity; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Graft Rejection; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mesocricetus; Rats; Rats, Inbred ACI; Rats, Inbred Lew; Transplantation, Heterologous; Transplantation, Homologous | 1997 |
Effects of leflunomide and deoxyspergualin in the guinea pig-->rat cardiac model of delayed xenograft rejection: suppression of B cell and C-C chemokine responses but not induction of macrophage lectin.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibody Formation; B-Lymphocytes; Chemokine CCL2; Chemokines; Complement System Proteins; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Guanidines; Guinea Pigs; Heart Transplantation; Immunoglobulin M; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Lectins; Leflunomide; Macrophage Activation; Macrophages; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Transplantation, Heterologous; Transplantation, Homologous | 1997 |
Combination leflunomide and cyclosporine prevents rejection of functional whole limb allografts in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Hindlimb; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Peroneal Nerve; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Inbred Lew; Sensation; Transplantation, Homologous; Transplantation, Isogeneic; Weight-Bearing | 1997 |
Control of lymphoproliferative and autoimmune disease in MRL-lpr/lpr mice by brequinar sodium: mechanisms of action.
Topics: Animals; Autoantibodies; Autoimmune Diseases; Biphenyl Compounds; Cytidine Triphosphate; Female; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred MRL lpr; Phosphorylation; Tyrosine; Uridine; Uridine Triphosphate | 1997 |
Combination treatment effectively intercepts advanced acute cardiac rejection.
Topics: Animals; Biphenyl Compounds; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mycophenolic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Inbred Strains; Transplantation, Homologous; Transplantation, Isogeneic | 1997 |
Modification of humoral responses by the combination of leflunomide and cyclosporine in Lewis rats transplanted with hamster hearts.
Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Complement C3; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Graft Rejection; Heart Transplantation; Immunoglobulin M; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mesocricetus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; T-Lymphocytes; Time Factors | 1997 |
Contribution of activated macrophages to the process of delayed xenograft rejection.
Topics: Animals; Complement C6; Cricetinae; G(M1) Ganglioside; Graft Rejection; Immunity, Cellular; Immunoglobulin M; Isoxazoles; Killer Cells, Natural; Leflunomide; Macrophage Activation; Male; Mesocricetus; Nitric Oxide; Rats; Rats, Nude; T-Lymphocytes; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1997 |
Induction of specific transplantation tolerance across xenogeneic barriers in the T-independent immune compartment.
Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Antigens; Complement Activation; Cricetinae; Cytokines; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart; Heart Transplantation; Immunoglobulin M; Immunohistochemistry; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Killer Cells, Natural; Leflunomide; Macrophages; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Rats; Rats, Nude; T-Lymphocytes; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1998 |
Inhibition of JAK3 and STAT6 tyrosine phosphorylation by the immunosuppressive drug leflunomide leads to a block in IgG1 production.
Topics: Animals; B-Lymphocytes; Binding, Competitive; DNA-Binding Proteins; Growth Inhibitors; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-4; Isoxazoles; Janus Kinase 3; Leflunomide; Lipopolysaccharides; Lymphocyte Activation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Phosphorylation; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Signal Transduction; STAT6 Transcription Factor; Trans-Activators; Tyrosine; Uridine | 1998 |
Suppression of T-independent IgM xenoantibody formation by leflunomide during xenografting of hamster hearts in rats.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Heterophile; B-Lymphocytes; CD5 Antigens; Cricetinae; Graft Rejection; Heart Transplantation; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mesocricetus; Mice; Mice, SCID; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Rats, Nude; T-Lymphocytes; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1998 |
Blockade of induced xenoantigen expression prevents rejection after retransplantation of accommodated hamster-to-rat heart xenografts.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Heterophile; Antigens, Heterophile; Cells, Cultured; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; E-Selectin; Endothelium, Vascular; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Humans; Immunoglobulin M; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mesocricetus; P-Selectin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reoperation; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 | 1998 |
The effects of leflunomide and cyclosporin A on rejection of cardiac allografts in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Cyclosporine; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Graft Rejection; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1998 |
Differential effect of leflunomide on concordant xenogeneic islet graft rejection and recurrence of autoimmune diabetes.
Topics: Animals; Autoimmunity; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Graft Rejection; Immunosuppressive Agents; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred NOD; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recurrence; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1998 |
Leflunomide-based immunosuppression for porcine islet xenotransplantation.
Topics: Animals; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Immunosuppressive Agents; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Swine; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1998 |
Leflunomide, a novel immunomodulating agent, prevents the development of allergic sensitization in an animal model of allergic asthma.
Topics: Allergens; Animals; Asthma; Bronchial Provocation Tests; Cell Degranulation; Dimercaprol; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Histamine Release; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mast Cells; Ovalbumin; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Respiratory Function Tests | 1998 |
Accommodation and T-independent B cell tolerance in rats with long term surviving hamster heart xenografts.
Topics: Adoptive Transfer; Animals; Antibody Formation; Antigens, T-Independent; B-Lymphocytes; Complement C6; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immune Tolerance; Immunoglobulin M; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mesocricetus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; T-Lymphocytes; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1998 |
Molecular cloning of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MLF4/SSH4 gene which confers the immunosuppressant leflunomide resistance.
Topics: Amino Acids; Biological Transport, Active; Cell Division; Cloning, Molecular; DNA, Fungal; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Fungal Proteins; Genes, Fungal; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Membrane Proteins; Mutation; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Suppression, Genetic; Vesicular Transport Proteins | 1998 |
Immunosuppression preventing concordant xenogeneic islet graft rejection is not sufficient to prevent recurrence of autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice.
Topics: Animals; Autoimmune Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Female; Graft Rejection; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred NOD; Mice, Inbred Strains; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recurrence; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1998 |
Hyperacute skin allograft rejection in presensitized rats is abrogated by malononitrilamides.
Topics: Acute Disease; Alkynes; Animals; Graft Rejection; Immunization; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoantigens; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Transfusion; Nitriles; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Inbred Strains; Skin Transplantation; Structure-Activity Relationship; Time Factors; Transplantation, Homologous | 1998 |
Comparative effects of malononitriloamide analogs of leflunomide on whole blood lymphocyte stimulation in humans, rhesus macaques, cats, dogs, and rats.
Topics: Adult; Alkynes; Animals; B-Lymphocytes; Cats; Dogs; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Macaca mulatta; Male; Nitriles; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Species Specificity; T-Lymphocytes | 1998 |
Tacrolimus enhances the immunosuppressive effect of cyclophosphamide but not that of leflunomide or mycophenolate mofetil in a model of discordant liver xenotransplantation.
Topics: Animals; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Synergism; Graft Survival; Guinea Pigs; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver Transplantation; Mycophenolic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Survival Rate; Tacrolimus; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1998 |
Effect of leflunomide and cyclosporine on graft survival and changes in lymphocyte phenotypes in a rat heart allotransplantation model.
Topics: Animals; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD4-CD8 Ratio; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cyclosporine; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunophenotyping; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; T-Lymphocytes; Transplantation, Homologous | 1998 |
Effects of long-term oral treatment with leflunomide on allergic sensitization, lymphocyte activation, and airway inflammation in a rat model of asthma.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Administration, Oral; Age Factors; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibody Specificity; Asthma; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Cell Division; Disease Models, Animal; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Ovalbumin; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; T-Lymphocytes; Time Factors | 1998 |
The mammalian homologue of Prp16p is overexpressed in a cell line tolerant to Leflunomide, a new immunoregulatory drug effective against rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cell Compartmentation; Cell Line; Cell Nucleus; Cloning, Molecular; DEAD-box RNA Helicases; Drug Resistance; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; RNA Helicases; RNA Nucleotidyltransferases; RNA Precursors; RNA Splicing; RNA Splicing Factors; RNA, Messenger; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Spliceosomes | 1998 |
Leflunomide inhibits pyrimidine de novo synthesis in mitogen-stimulated T-lymphocytes from healthy humans.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Biphenyl Compounds; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Mice; Mitogens; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Phytohemagglutinins; Pyrimidines; T-Lymphocytes; Uridine; Uridine Triphosphate | 1998 |
Induction of species-specific host accommodation in the hamster-to-rat xenotransplantation model.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Combinations; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mesocricetus; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Models, Biological; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Species Specificity; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1998 |
Pyrazole bioisosteres of leflunomide as B-cell immunosuppressants for xenotransplantation and chronic rejection: scope and limitations.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antigens, T-Independent; B-Lymphocytes; Cell Division; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Graft Rejection; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Immunosuppressive Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Intravenous; Isoxazoles; Jurkat Cells; Leflunomide; Lipopolysaccharides; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; Mice; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Pyrazoles; Structure-Activity Relationship; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1998 |
Histological characterization and pharmacological control of chronic rejection in xenogeneic and allogeneic heart transplantation.
Topics: Animals; Chronic Disease; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Disease Models, Animal; Graft Rejection; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mesocricetus; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Inbred Lew; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1998 |
FK506 treatment in combination with leflunomide in hamster-to-rat heart and liver xenograft transplantation.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Antibody Formation; Cricetinae; Drug Combinations; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immune Sera; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver Transplantation; Male; Mesocricetus; Rats; Tacrolimus; Tissue Donors; Transplantation, Heterologous | 1998 |
Species-related inhibition of human and rat dihydroorotate dehydrogenase by immunosuppressive isoxazol and cinchoninic acid derivatives.
Topics: Androstenols; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Quinolines; Rats; Species Specificity | 1998 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae MLF3/YNL074C gene, encoding a serine-rich protein of unknown function, determines the level of resistance to the novel immunosuppressive drug leflunomide.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Cloning, Molecular; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Fungal Proteins; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Molecular Sequence Data; Recombinant Proteins; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Serine | 1998 |
Inhibition of platelet-derived growth factor-mediated signal transduction and tumor growth by N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl]5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxamide.
Topics: 3T3 Cells; Animals; Brain Neoplasms; Cell Survival; Epidermal Growth Factor; Female; Glioma; Growth Inhibitors; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Nude; Ovarian Neoplasms; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Prostatic Neoplasms; Rats; Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta; Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Recombinant Proteins; Signal Transduction; Transfection; Transplantation, Heterologous; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1997 |
Dose-dependent enhancing and inhibitory effects of A77 1726 (leflunomide) on cytotoxic T lymphocyte induction.
Topics: Animals; CD8 Antigens; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Granzymes; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-2; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Receptors, Interleukin-2; Serine Endopeptidases; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic | 1998 |
New treatments for rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor | 1998 |
Leflunomide approved for rheumatoid arthritis; other drugs nearing approval.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 1998 |
Alpha-cyano-beta-hydroxy-beta-methyl-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl] propenamide: an inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase with potent cytotoxic activity against breast cancer cells.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Enzyme Inhibitors; ErbB Receptors; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Microscopy, Confocal; Models, Molecular; Nitriles; Protein Conformation; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Tumor Stem Cell Assay | 1998 |
Growth inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by the immunosuppressant leflunomide is due to the inhibition of uracil uptake via Fur4p.
Topics: Biological Transport; Cloning, Molecular; Fungal Proteins; Gene Dosage; Genes, Fungal; Genes, Lethal; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Membrane Transport Proteins; Mutation; Nucleotide Transport Proteins; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Uracil | 1998 |
New drugs for rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diarrhea; Drug Interactions; Etanercept; Fees, Pharmaceutical; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 1998 |
Irradiation or temporal variations in immunosuppressive schedules do not prevent graft-versus-host disease following rat limb allotransplantation.
Topics: Animals; Cyclosporine; Drug Administration Schedule; Extremities; Graft Rejection; Graft vs Host Disease; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Inbred Lew; Time Factors; Transplantation, Homologous; Whole-Body Irradiation | 1998 |
Prevention of experimental autoimmune diabetes in mice by treatment with leflunomide.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Crotonates; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Fibrosis; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Islets of Langerhans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred CBA; Nitriles; Toluidines | 1998 |
Leflunomide effectively treats naturally occurring immune-mediated and inflammatory diseases of dogs that are unresponsive to conventional therapy.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Crotonates; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Hydroxybutyrates; Immune System Diseases; Immunosuppressive Agents; Inflammation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Nitriles; Syndrome; Toluidines | 1998 |
Effects of leflunomide on experimental autoimmune myocarditis with special reference to the dendritic cells.
Topics: Animals; Autoimmune Diseases; Dendritic Cells; Freund's Adjuvant; Heart; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Myocarditis; Myocardium; Myosins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Swine | 1998 |
Isoxazolylthioamides as potential immunosuppressants a combinatorial chemistry approach.
Topics: Animals; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Hydroxylamine; Immunosuppressive Agents; Indicators and Reagents; Isothiocyanates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; Lymphocytes; Mice; Molecular Structure; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Phenylacetates; Recombinant Proteins; Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1998 |
Synthesis and immunosuppressant activity of pyrazole carboxamides.
Topics: Animals; Biological Availability; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; Pyrazoles; Rats; Structure-Activity Relationship; T-Lymphocytes | 1998 |
Exposure of T lymphocytes to leflunomide but not to dexamethasone favors the production by monocytic cells of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and the tissue-inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 over that of interleukin-1beta and metalloproteinases.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antigens, CD; Cell Communication; Cell Line; Dexamethasone; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Inflammation Mediators; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Interleukin-1; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Metalloendopeptidases; Monocytes; Sialoglycoproteins; T-Lymphocytes; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 | 1998 |
Oral administration of leflunomide (HWA486) results in prominent suppression of immunoglobulin E formation in a rat type 1 allergy model.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Antibody Specificity; Crotonates; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Hydroxybutyrates; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Nitriles; Ovalbumin; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Toluidines; Uridine | 1999 |
Rheumatoid arthritis drugs show promise.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor | 1999 |
Inhibition of murine IgE and immediate cutaneous hypersensitivity responses to ovalbumin by the immunomodulatory agent leflunomide.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adoptive Transfer; Allergens; Animals; Antibody Formation; Down-Regulation; Female; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Immunoglobulin E; Immunologic Memory; Interleukin-5; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Ovalbumin; Skin Diseases; T-Lymphocytes; Vaccination | 1999 |
Immunosuppressive leflunomide metabolite (A77 1726) blocks TNF-dependent nuclear factor-kappa B activation and gene expression.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Biological Transport; Cell Nucleus; Ceramides; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase; Crotonates; Dithiothreitol; DNA-Binding Proteins; Enzyme Activation; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, MDR; Genes, Reporter; Host Cell Factor C1; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxybutyrates; I-kappa B Proteins; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lipopolysaccharides; Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck); Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; NF-kappa B; NF-kappa B p50 Subunit; NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; Nitriles; Octamer Transcription Factor-1; Okadaic Acid; Protein Binding; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Protein Kinases; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Toluidines; Transcription Factor AP-1; Transcription Factor RelA; Transcription Factors; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 1999 |
I have rheumatoid arthritis and have been taking methotrexate. I'm interested in the new drugs that have been in the news lately. Just how effective are they?
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor | 1999 |
Potentiation of immunosuppressive efficacy by combining the novel leflunomide analog, HMR 279, with microemulsion cyclosporine in a rat lung transplant model.
Topics: Amides; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Biotransformation; Body Weight; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Crotonates; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Emulsions; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Transplantation; Male; Nitriles; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Inbred Lew; Structure-Activity Relationship; Toluidines | 1999 |
Differential modulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine receptors by N-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-cyano-3-hydroxy-crotonic acid amide (A77 1726), the physiologically active metabolite of the novel immunomodulator leflunomide.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antigens, CD; Cell Division; Cell Line, Transformed; Cell Survival; Crotonates; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, p53; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Receptors, Interleukin; Receptors, Interleukin-10; Receptors, Interleukin-8A; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Toluidines; Transcription, Genetic; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 | 1998 |
Immunosuppressive effect of combination schedules of brequinar with leflunomide or tacrolimus on rat cardiac allotransplantation.
Topics: Animals; Biphenyl Compounds; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Rejection; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Postoperative Period; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Tacrolimus; Transplantation, Homologous; Transplantation, Isogeneic | 1999 |
A new-drug roundup.
Topics: Acetates; Anti-Asthmatic Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antineoplastic Agents; Antitubercular Agents; Antiviral Agents; Capecitabine; Cyclopropanes; Deoxycytidine; Drug Therapy; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Etanercept; Fluorouracil; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Piperazines; Purines; Quinolines; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Rifampin; Sildenafil Citrate; Sulfides; Sulfones; Thionucleotides | 1999 |
Clinical therapeutics.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rheumatic Diseases; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 1999 |
National Meeting of the American College of Rheumatology. November 8-12, 1998, San Diego, California.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Crotonates; Etanercept; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Toluidines; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; United States | 1999 |
Flow cytometric analysis of the molecular mechanisms of immunosuppressive action of the active metabolite of leflunomide and its malononitrilamide analogues in a novel whole blood assay.
Topics: Acrylamides; Alkynes; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Biphenyl Compounds; Caproates; Crotonates; Cyclosporine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Flow Cytometry; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes; Male; Nitriles; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Receptors, Interleukin-2; Receptors, OX40; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Toluidines; Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7 | 1999 |
Leflunomide protects mice from multiple low dose streptozotocin (MLD-SZ)-induced insulitis and diabetes.
Topics: Animals; Autoimmune Diseases; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interferon-gamma; Islets of Langerhans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred CBA; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Pancreatitis; Streptozocin; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic | 1999 |
In vivo activity of leflunomide: pharmacokinetic analyses and mechanism of immunosuppression.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Cricetinae; Crotonates; Graft Rejection; Heart Transplantation; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Lymph Nodes; Mesocricetus; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C3H; Nitriles; Pyrimidine Nucleotides; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Spleen; Toluidines; Transplantation, Heterologous; Transplantation, Homologous; Uridine | 1999 |
New drugs 99, Part IV.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Benzoates; Biphenyl Compounds; Cefdinir; Cephalosporins; Citalopram; Drug Therapy; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Telmisartan; Tetrazoles; Triazoles; Tryptamines; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration | 1999 |
A771726, the active metabolite of leflunomide, directly inhibits the activity of cyclo-oxygenase-2 in vitro and in vivo in a substrate-sensitive manner.
Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arachidonic Acid; Blotting, Western; Cell Survival; Crotonates; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Dinoprostone; Enzyme Induction; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; In Vitro Techniques; Isoenzymes; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Macrophages; Male; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitriles; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Substrate Specificity; Toluidines | 1999 |
In vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of a novel immunomodulatory drug, leflunomide: mechanisms of action.
Topics: 3T3 Cells; Adjuvants, Immunologic; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Division; Crotonates; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; ErbB Receptors; Female; Glioma; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Transplantation; Nitriles; Phosphorylation; Pyrimidine Nucleotides; Receptors, Growth Factor; Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Toluidines; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Tyrosine | 1999 |
Novel mechanism of inhibition of cytomegalovirus by the experimental immunosuppressive agent leflunomide.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Blotting, Northern; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; DNA, Viral; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Endothelium, Vascular; Fibroblasts; Foscarnet; Gene Expression; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Time Factors; Transcription, Genetic; Umbilical Veins; Viral Proteins; Virus Replication | 1999 |
Simultaneous separation by high-performance liquid chromatography of carbamoyl aspartate, carbamoyl phosphate and dihydroorotic acid.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Aspartic Acid; Biphenyl Compounds; Carbamyl Phosphate; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Orotic Acid; T-Lymphocytes | 1999 |
Maintenance and reversibility of natural killer cell- and T cell-independent B lymphocyte xenotolerance in athymic nude rats.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, Heterophile; B-Lymphocytes; Cricetinae; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immune Tolerance; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Killer Cells, Natural; Leflunomide; Mesocricetus; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Nude; T-Lymphocytes; Time Factors; Transplantation Conditioning | 1999 |
Signaling inhibitors in the clinic: new agents and new challenges.
Topics: Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic; Growth Inhibitors; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Neoplasms; Phosphorylation; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Signal Transduction | 1999 |
Leflunomide. Arava, HWA 486, SU 101.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Drugs, Investigational; Graft Rejection; Graft vs Host Disease; Heart Transplantation; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Lung Transplantation; Mice; Rats; Skin Transplantation | 1999 |
Identification and characterization of potential new therapeutic targets in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Carrier Proteins; Cell Line; Chromatography, Affinity; Crotonates; HeLa Cells; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kinetics; Leflunomide; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Nitriles; Protein Binding; Toluidines | 1999 |
Quilty effect in heterotopic cardiac allografts in malononitrilamide-treated rats.
Topics: Acrylamides; Alkynes; Animals; Caproates; Endocardium; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocytes; Myocardium; Nitriles; Rats; Transplantation, Heterotopic; Transplantation, Homologous | 1999 |
Leflunomide for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 1999 |
In vivo lymphoproliferation in the popliteal lymph node (PLN) assay can be inhibited by leflunomide's active metabolite A77 1726.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Crotonates; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Graft vs Host Reaction; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymph Nodes; Lymphocyte Activation; Nitriles; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Inbred Lew; Toluidines | 1999 |
Cell cycle regulation and inhibition of de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis by leflunomide.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Cell Cycle; Crotonates; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Jurkat Cells; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Pyrimidines; Toluidines | 1999 |
Structures of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase in complex with antiproliferative agents.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Binding Sites; Biphenyl Compounds; Catalytic Domain; Crotonates; Crystallography, X-Ray; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Growth Inhibitors; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Macromolecular Substances; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Nitriles; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Static Electricity; Toluidines | 2000 |
Cell-specific inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase activation by leflunomide.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Catalysis; Cells, Cultured; Crotonates; DNA-Binding Proteins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Fibroblasts; Flavonoids; Hydroxybutyrates; Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; Interferon-gamma; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred CBA; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Nitriles; Phosphoproteins; Rats; RNA, Messenger; Toluidines; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 2000 |
Inhibition of cytomegalovirus in vitro and in vivo by the experimental immunosuppressive agent leflunomide.
Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Cells, Cultured; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; DNA, Viral; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Drug Resistance, Multiple; Endothelium, Vascular; Fibroblasts; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rats; Uridine | 1999 |
Changing the course of rheumatoid arthritis. Introduction.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 1999 |
[Rheumatoid arthritis: a new basic therapy. Proliferating T-cells controlled].
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; T-Lymphocytes | 2000 |
Evaluation of early response to SU101 target-based therapy in patients with recurrent supratentorial malignant gliomas using FDG PET and Gd-DTPA MRI.
Topics: Adult; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Astrocytoma; Biological Transport, Active; Carmustine; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Combined Modality Therapy; Cranial Irradiation; Disease Progression; Disease-Free Survival; Energy Metabolism; Female; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Gadolinium DTPA; Glioblastoma; Glucose; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Prognosis; Signal Transduction; Supratentorial Neoplasms; Tomography, Emission-Computed; Treatment Outcome | 2000 |
Leflunomide, a new disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug and the never ending rheumatoid arthritis story.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2000 |
Effects of SU101 in combination with cytotoxic agents on the growth of subcutaneous tumor xenografts.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Carmustine; Cell Division; Cell Survival; Cisplatin; Etoposide; Glioblastoma; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Neoplasms; Mice; Mice, Nude; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays | 2000 |
[Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cytokines; Decision Making; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Patient Education as Topic | 2000 |
Efficacy of FK506, leflunomide, anti-CD4, and CTLA4IG treatments in rat to mouse pancreas xenograft transplantation.
Topics: Abatacept; Animals; Antibodies, Heterophile; Antigens, CD; Antigens, Differentiation; CD4 Antigens; CTLA-4 Antigen; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Immunoconjugates; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pancreas Transplantation; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Tacrolimus; Transplantation, Heterologous | 2000 |
Diabetic rats transplanted with adult porcine islets and immunosuppressed with cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, and leflunomide remain normoglycemic for up to 100 days.
Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Cyclosporine; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Drug Therapy, Combination; Immunosuppressive Agents; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mycophenolic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Swine; Transplantation, Heterologous | 2000 |
Comparison of the in vitro antiproliferative effects of five immunosuppressive drugs on lymphocytes in whole blood from cats.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Cell Division; Coloring Agents; Concanavalin A; Cyclosporine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Immunosuppressive Agents; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Mycophenolic Acid; Pokeweed Mitogens; Scintillation Counting; Sirolimus; Tacrolimus; Trypan Blue | 2000 |
Leflunomide: a new DMARD for rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged | 2000 |
[Recent progress in the treatment of rheumatoid polyarthritis].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Switzerland; Treatment Outcome | 2000 |
Severe pancytopenia after leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Bone Marrow; Female; Filgrastim; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Pancytopenia; Recombinant Proteins | 2000 |
Efficacy and safety of leflunomide in active rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Treatment Outcome | 2000 |
The immunosuppressive drug leflunomide affects mating-pheromone response and sporulation by different mechanisms in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Topics: Cell Cycle; Cloning, Molecular; Genes, Fungal; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mating Factor; Peptides; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Spores, Fungal; Suppression, Genetic | 2000 |
Three leflunomide metabolite analogs.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Crystallography, X-Ray; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hydrogen Bonding; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases | 2000 |
Bullous pemphigoid treated with leflunomide: a novel immunomodulatory agent.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Pemphigoid, Bullous; Retreatment | 2000 |
Leflunomide suppresses TNF-induced cellular responses: effects on NF-kappa B, activator protein-1, c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase, and apoptosis.
Topics: Apoptosis; Caspase Inhibitors; Caspases; Cells, Cultured; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; DNA-Binding Proteins; Enzyme Activation; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Reporter; Growth Inhibitors; HeLa Cells; Humans; I-kappa B Kinase; I-kappa B Proteins; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Jurkat Cells; Leflunomide; Lipid Peroxidation; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; NF-kappa B; NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; Phosphorylation; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Signal Transduction; Transcription Factor AP-1; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Uridine | 2000 |
Serious liver disease in a patient receiving methotrexate and leflunomide.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Severity of Illness Index | 2000 |
The serine phosphatases PP1 and PP2A associate with and activate the actin-binding protein cofilin in human T lymphocytes.
Topics: Actin Depolymerizing Factors; Cyclosporine; Dexamethasone; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Microfilament Proteins; Mycophenolic Acid; Okadaic Acid; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; Phosphorylation; Sirolimus; T-Lymphocytes; Tacrolimus | 2000 |
Leflunomide inhibits activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase in rat astrocytes.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Astrocytoma; Cell Line; Enzyme Activation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Indicators and Reagents; Interferon-gamma; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lipopolysaccharides; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Rats; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiazoles | 2001 |
Newer immunomodulating drugs in rheumatoid arthritis may precipitate glomerulonephritis.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Etanercept; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor | 2001 |
Inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 by the experimental immunosuppressive agent leflunomide.
Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Chlorocebus aethiops; Herpesvirus 1, Human; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Vero Cells | 2001 |
Current management of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adult; Aged; Algorithms; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Case Management; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged | 2001 |
Teratogen update: reproductive risks of leflunomide (Arava); a pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor: counseling women taking leflunomide before or during pregnancy and men taking leflunomide who are contemplating fathering a child.
Topics: Animals; Breast Feeding; Carcinogenicity Tests; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Maternal Exposure; Mutagenicity Tests; Paternal Exposure; Pregnancy; Pyridines; Teratogens | 2001 |
The immunomodulatory effects of a novel agent, leflunomide, in rat cardiac allotransplantation.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Cyclosporine; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tacrolimus; Time Factors; Transplantation, Homologous | 1994 |
Treatment of Felty's syndrome with leflunomide.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Felty Syndrome; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged | 2001 |
Multiple inhibitor analysis of the brequinar and leflunomide binding sites on human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Antimycin A; Binding, Competitive; Biphenyl Compounds; Calorimetry; Crotonates; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Orotic Acid; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Substrate Specificity; Sulfonium Compounds; Titrimetry; Toluidines; Tryptophan | 2001 |
Leflunomide: new antirheumatic drug. Effect on pregnancy outcomes.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Half-Life; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications | 2001 |
Leflunomide-associated weight loss in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Weight Loss | 2001 |
Which HAQ is best? A comparison of the HAQ, MHAQ and RA-HAQ, a difficult 8 item HAQ (DHAQ), and a rescored 20 item HAQ (HAQ20): analyses in 2,491 rheumatoid arthritis patients following leflunomide initiation.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disability Evaluation; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Sensitivity and Specificity; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Outcome | 2001 |
Diabetic rats transplanted with adult porcine islets and immunosuppressed with cyclosporine A, mycophenolate mofetil, and leflunomide remain normoglycemic for up to 100 days.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Heterophile; Blood Glucose; C-Peptide; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Separation; Cyclosporine; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Graft Survival; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Immunosuppressive Agents; Islets of Langerhans; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Nude; Mycophenolic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Swine; Transplantation, Heterologous | 2001 |
Leflunomide and its analogue X920715 synergize with cyclosporin A in preventing early graft failure and delaying graft rejection of xenogeneic islets in nonobese diabetic mice.
Topics: Alkynes; Animals; Cyclosporine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Drug Synergism; Graft Rejection; Immunosuppressive Agents; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred NOD; Nitriles; Rats; Transplantation, Heterologous | 2001 |
Modulation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cell activation by the combination of leflunomide and pentoxifylline.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Apoptosis; Cells, Cultured; Crotonates; Drug Interactions; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes; Nitriles; Pentoxifylline; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Toluidines | 2001 |
Inhibition of cyclosporin-resistant B-cell antigen responses by pyrazoles: a tool for the identification of novel molecular mechanisms of B-cell activation.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Antigens, Heterophile; B-Lymphocytes; Biphenyl Compounds; Cell Division; Crotonates; Cyclosporine; Drug Resistance; Graft Rejection; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Mycophenolic Acid; Nitriles; Primates; Pyrazoles; Swine; T-Lymphocytes; Toluidines; Transplantation, Heterologous; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 2001 |
Leflunomide induces apoptosis of thymocytes and T-cell hybridoma: differences in sensitivity and signaling pathways.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Apoptosis; Crotonates; Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; Dexamethasone; Glucocorticoids; Hybridomas; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Rats; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta; T-Lymphocytes; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Toluidines | 2001 |
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae MLF6/YPL244C gene, which encodes a possible yeast homologue of mammalian UDP-galactose transporter, confers resistance to the immunosuppressive drug, leflunomide.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Antifungal Agents; Biological Transport; Cloning, Molecular; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Genes, Fungal; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Molecular Sequence Data; Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Uridine Diphosphate Galactose | 2001 |
Conventional DMARD options for patients with a suboptimal response to methotrexate.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cyclosporine; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sulfasalazine | 2001 |
[Chronic polyarthritis].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 2001 |
[Leflunomide--the first specific disease-modifying drug against rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2001 |
Benefits of leflunomide in systemic lupus erythematosus: a pilot observational study.
Topics: Adult; Blood Sedimentation; Cyclosporine; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Methotrexate; Pilot Projects; Retrospective Studies | 2001 |
[Application of leflunomide in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2001 |
New therapeutic approaches to the management of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Staphylococcal Protein A; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2001 |
Suppression of experimental autoimmune neuritis by leflunomide.
Topics: Adoptive Transfer; Animals; Autoantibodies; Calcium; Female; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Myelin Proteins; Neuritis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Sciatic Nerve; T-Lymphocytes | 2001 |
Leflunomide-mediated suppression of antiviral antibody and Tcell responses: differential restoration by uridine.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Antibody Formation; Autoimmune Diseases; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Diabetes Mellitus; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; T-Lymphocytes; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic; Uridine; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus | 2001 |
[Leflunomide plus methotrexate. Hope for patients with rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate | 2001 |
Etanercept therapy for immune-mediated cochleovestibular disorders: preliminary results in a pilot study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Cochlear Diseases; Etanercept; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot Projects; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Retrospective Studies; Tinnitus; Vertigo; Vestibular Diseases | 2001 |
Inhibition of HIV replication by A77 1726, the active metabolite of leflunomide, in combination with pyrimidine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Anti-HIV Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Crotonates; HIV; HIV Core Protein p24; HIV Seronegativity; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocytes; Nitriles; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Toluidines; Virus Replication; Zidovudine | 2001 |
Comparison of rheumatoid arthritis care costs in patients starting therapy with leflunomide versus etanercept.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cohort Studies; Cost of Illness; Etanercept; Female; Health Care Costs; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; United States | 2001 |
Leflunomide for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: comment on the article by McMurray.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prednisolone | 2001 |
Is there a place for leflunomide in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Drug Interactions; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic | 2001 |
Vasculitis occurring during leflunomide therapy.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous | 2001 |
Inhibition of angiogenesis-related endothelial activity by the experimental immunosuppressive agent leflunomide.
Topics: Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Animals; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media; Cyclosporine; Endothelium, Vascular; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Microcirculation; Models, Animal; Tacrolimus; Umbilical Veins; Uridine | 2001 |
Use of leflunomide in human renal transplantation.
Topics: Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Middle Aged | 2001 |
Discussion. Treatment algorithm: managing rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Algorithms; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Deductibles and Coinsurance; Disease Management; Drug Costs; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Medicare; Methotrexate; Patient Compliance; Primary Health Care; Quality of Life; Rheumatology; United States; Workforce | 2001 |
Update on the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: therapeutic highlights from the Sixth International Lupus Conference.
Topics: Antimalarials; Biological Therapy; Congresses as Topic; Cyclophosphamide; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Mycophenolic Acid | 2002 |
Effect of hemodialysis on leflunomide plasma concentrations.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biotransformation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Leflunomide; Renal Dialysis | 2002 |
Leflunomide induced fevers, thrombocytosis, and leukocytosis in a patient with relapsing polychondritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; C-Reactive Protein; Cholestyramine Resin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fever; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukocyte Count; Leukocytosis; Male; Middle Aged; Photophobia; Platelet Count; Polychondritis, Relapsing; Thrombocytosis; Treatment Failure | 2002 |
[New basic therapeutic drugs from the viewpoint of evidence-based therapy].
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Etanercept; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Treatment Outcome | 2001 |
Experiences with leflunomide in solid organ transplantation.
Topics: Anemia; Calcineurin Inhibitors; Creatinine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Liver Transplantation; Prednisone; Retrospective Studies | 2002 |
Treatment of severe psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis with leflunomide.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Psoriasis | 2002 |
Leflunomide in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2002 |
Arthritis drug should be removed from market, says consumer group.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Drug and Narcotic Control; Half-Life; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Middle Aged | 2002 |
Monitoring leflunomide (Arava) as a new potential teratogen.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Pregnancy; Teratogens | 2002 |
Cutaneous drug reaction case reports: from the world literature.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Capecitabine; Carbamates; Ceftriaxone; Clonidine; Deoxycytidine; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Eruptions; Ethacridine; Female; Fluorouracil; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Indapamide; Isotretinoin; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Nelfinavir; Phenylcarbamates; Rivastigmine; Salicylates; Severity of Illness Index; Sulfonamides; Thiophenes | 2002 |
Leflunomide and hypertension.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Hypertension; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Prospective Studies | 2002 |
Application of LC/MS/MS in the quantitation of SU101 and SU0020 uptake by 3T3/PDGFr cells.
Topics: 3T3 Cells; Algorithms; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Culture Media; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mass Spectrometry; Mice; Nitriles; Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Reference Standards; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet | 2002 |
[Leflunomide in systemic lupus erythematosus].
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male | 2002 |
Impact of leflunomide versus biologic agents on the costs of care for rheumatoid arthritis in a managed care population.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cost of Illness; Drug Costs; Etanercept; Female; Health Care Costs; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Managed Care Programs; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sulfasalazine; United States | 2002 |
Leflunomide-associated skin ulceration.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Skin Ulcer | 2002 |
[Drug therapy and malpractice exemplified by combination leflunomide and methotrexate therapy].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Approval; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Malpractice; Methotrexate; Treatment Outcome | 2002 |
[Leflunomide + methotrexate combination therapy from the physician's viewpoint].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Approval; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Germany; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Malpractice; Methotrexate | 2002 |
A cost effectiveness analysis of treatment options for methotrexate-naive rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cohort Studies; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Decision Making; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Pain Measurement; Probability; Prospective Studies; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome; United States | 2002 |
Comparison of different immunologic modalities on rat limb allotransplantation.
Topics: Animals; Drug Therapy, Combination; Extremities; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Inbred Lew; Time Factors; Transplantation, Homologous | 2002 |
Clinical pharmacokinetics of leflunomide.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biological Availability; Biotransformation; Drug Interactions; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Tissue Distribution | 2002 |
Physician treatment preferences in rheumatoid arthritis of differing disease severity and activity: the impact of cost on first-line therapy.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Costs and Cost Analysis; Etanercept; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Pilot Projects; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Severity of Illness Index; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2002 |
Dynamic effects of leflunomide on IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha activity produced from peritoneal macrophages in adjuvant arthritis rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Experimental; Female; Interleukin-1; Interleukin-6; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Macrophages, Peritoneal; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2002 |
Peripheral neuropathy: an unwanted effect of leflunomide?
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Blood Sedimentation; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases | 2002 |
Etanercept, infliximab, and leflunomide in established rheumatoid arthritis: clinical experience using a structured follow up programme in southern Sweden.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chi-Square Distribution; Clinical Protocols; Etanercept; Feasibility Studies; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Monitoring, Physiologic; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; Prospective Studies; Pyrimidines; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sweden; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2002 |
Alopecia areata in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis treated with leflunomide.
Topics: Alopecia Areata; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged | 2002 |
A77 1726 induces differentiation of human myeloid leukemia K562 cells by depletion of intracellular CTP pools.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Aspartate Carbamoyltransferase; Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing); Cell Cycle Proteins; Cell Differentiation; Cell Division; Crotonates; Cytidine; Cytidine Triphosphate; Dihydroorotase; Drug Interactions; Gene Expression; Glycophorins; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; K562 Cells; Leflunomide; Multienzyme Complexes; Nitriles; Pyrimidines; S Phase; Toluidines; Uridine; Uridine Triphosphate | 2002 |
Accelerated nodulosis and vasculitis following etanercept therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Radiography, Thoracic; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Rheumatoid Nodule; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome; Vasculitis | 2002 |
Restriction of de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis inhibits Th1 cell activation and promotes Th2 cell differentiation.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Administration, Oral; Animals; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Female; Humans; Immunologic Memory; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interphase; Intracellular Fluid; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Phosphorylation; Pyrimidines; Stem Cells; Th1 Cells; Th2 Cells; Tyrosine; Uridine Triphosphate | 2002 |
[2 years data of controlled trials with leflunomide vs. methotrexate and leflunomide vs. sulfasalazine].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Sulfasalazine | 2002 |
[How long should cyclophosphamide therapy of Wegener's granulomatosis continue?].
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Administration, Oral; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Azathioprine; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, Combination; Follow-Up Studies; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Prednisolone; Prognosis; Remission Induction; Time Factors; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination | 2002 |
Leflunomide decreases joint erosions and induces reparative changes in a patient with psoriatic arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Follow-Up Studies; Foot; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Radiography | 2002 |
[Leflunomide reduces the angiogenesis score and tumor growth of subcutaneously implanted colon carcinoma cells in the mouse model].
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Capillaries; Cell Division; Colonic Neoplasms; HT29 Cells; Humans; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Transplantation; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Random Allocation; Uridine | 2002 |
Immunosuppressants leflunomide and mycophenolic acid inhibit fibroblast IL-6 production by distinct mechanisms.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Coloring Agents; Crotonates; Cyclic AMP; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Fibroblasts; Guanidines; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-6; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Macrophages; Mice; Mycophenolic Acid; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitriles; omega-N-Methylarginine; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Rolipram; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiazoles; Time Factors; Toluidines | 2002 |
Fatal hepatitis with leflunomide and itraconazole.
Topics: Aged; Antifungal Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Administration Schedule; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Itraconazole; Leflunomide; Mycoses; Otitis Media | 2002 |
US Food and Drug Administration gets it right.
Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cyclooxygenase 2; Drug Approval; Humans; Isoenzymes; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Membrane Proteins; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Records; United Kingdom; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration | 2002 |
Prospective, pilot, open-label, short-term study of conversion to leflunomide reverses chronic renal allograft dysfunction.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Female; Graft Rejection; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Mycophenolic Acid | 2002 |
Summaries for patients. Combination therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antimetabolites; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Diarrhea; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver Function Tests; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome | 2002 |
Immunosuppressive drugs in islet xenotransplantation: a tool for gaining further insights in the mechanisms of the rejection process.
Topics: Actins; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Heterophile; Cyclosporine; Female; Fetal Tissue Transplantation; Graft Rejection; Guanidines; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukins; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Prednisolone; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Swine; Tacrolimus; Transplantation, Heterologous | 2002 |
Leflunomide can potentiate the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Synergism; Hematuria; Humans; International Normalized Ratio; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Warfarin | 2002 |
Pancytopenia associated with leflunomide and methotrexate.
Topics: Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Australia; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Pancytopenia | 2003 |
Life-threatening reversible bone marrow toxicity in a rheumatoid arthritis patient switched from leflunomide to infliximab.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Pancytopenia; Steroids | 2003 |
Cost effectiveness of adding leflunomide to a 5-year strategy of conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Canada; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Decision Trees; Drug Therapy, Combination; Economics, Pharmaceutical; Health Care Costs; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Models, Statistical; Probability | 2002 |
Unproven hypothesis that leflunomide is better than methotrexate as measured by magnetic resonance imaging: comment on the article by Reece et al.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Methotrexate | 2003 |
Effect of leflunomide on immunological liver injury in mice.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lipopolysaccharides; Liver Diseases; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mycobacterium bovis | 2003 |
The use of disease modifying antirheumatic drugs in women with rheumatoid arthritis of childbearing age: a survey of practice patterns and pregnancy outcomes.
Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Attitude of Health Personnel; Data Collection; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Risk Factors | 2003 |
[Effects of leflunomide and its active metabolite on the production and mRNA expression of TNF-alpha in peritoneal macrophages and synovial cells with adjuvant arthritis in rats].
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Experimental; Cells, Cultured; Female; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Macrophages, Peritoneal; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Messenger; Synovial Membrane; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2002 |
[Effects of leflunomide on immunological liver injury].
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Cell Division; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Interleukin-1; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lipopolysaccharides; Lymphocytes; Male; Mice; Nitric Oxide; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2001 |
Neurotoxicity of leflunomide in baboons.
Topics: Animals; Contraindications; Graft Rejection; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Neurotoxins; Papio; Species Specificity | 2003 |
[Evidence-based treatment of methotrexate-resistant rheumatoid arthritis. Combinations of conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic agents].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chloroquine; Cyclosporine; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, Combination; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Placebos; Prednisolone; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sulfasalazine; Time Factors | 2003 |
A simplified disease activity index for rheumatoid arthritis for use in clinical practice.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Disease Progression; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Health Status Indicators; Humans; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Linear Models; Male; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 2003 |
Leflunomide analogues as potential antiinflammatory agents.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edema; Inflammation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2003 |
Leflunomide induced vasculitis--a dose-response relationship.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Drug Eruptions; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Skin Diseases, Vascular; Vasculitis | 2003 |
Aminotransferase levels during treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with leflunomide in clinical practice.
Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies | 2003 |
FDA officials argue over safety of new arthritis drug.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug and Narcotic Control; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration | 2003 |
Mandatory pharmacovigilance.
Topics: Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bias; Canada; Drug Information Services; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Peer Review, Research; Periodicals as Topic; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; Societies, Medical | 2003 |
Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody-associated renal failure in a patient with leflunomide-treated rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Basement Membrane; Female; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Glomerulus; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Renal Insufficiency | 2003 |
Successful treatment of sarcoidosis with leflunomide.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Sarcoidosis | 2003 |
Synthesis of beta-hydroxy-propenamide derivatives and the inhibition of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Crotonates; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Toluidines | 2003 |
Treatment of adult-onset Still's disease with leflunomide and chloroquine combination in two patients.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Chloroquine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Pericardial Effusion; Still's Disease, Adult-Onset | 2003 |
Inhibitors of diverse metabolic steps cause increased apoptosis in deoxyadenosine-resistant mouse leukemia L1210 cells that lack p53 expression: convergence at caspase-3 activation.
Topics: Androstadienes; Animals; Annexin A5; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Apoptosis; Butyrates; Caspase 3; Caspases; Cell Cycle; Cell Line, Tumor; Coloring Agents; Deoxyadenosines; DNA Damage; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Genistein; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Models, Biological; Purines; RNA, Messenger; Roscovitine; Sesquiterpenes; Time Factors; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Wortmannin | 2003 |
Brain abscess in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Brain; Brain Abscess; Emergencies; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Tomography, X-Ray Computed | 2003 |
[Can a combination therapy with leflunomide be recommended for patients with active rheumatoid arthritis?].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Treatment Outcome | 2003 |
Suppressive effect of combination treatment of leflunomide and methotrexate on chemokine expression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chemokine CCL17; Chemokine CCL2; Chemokine CCL22; Chemokines; Chemokines, CC; Drug Therapy, Combination; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Statistics, Nonparametric | 2003 |
Simultaneous determination of leflunomide and its active metabolite, A77 1726, in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Crotonates; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Reference Standards; Reproducibility of Results; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Toluidines | 2003 |
[Drug hypersensitivity syndrome induced by leflunomide].
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Eruptions; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged | 2003 |
[Lichenoid drug reaction to leflunomide].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biopsy; Drug Eruptions; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lichenoid Eruptions; Middle Aged; Patch Tests; Skin | 2003 |
Anti-HIV-1 activity of leflunomide: a comparison with mycophenolic acid and hydroxyurea.
Topics: Anti-HIV Agents; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; DNA, Viral; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Flow Cytometry; HIV-1; Humans; Hydroxyurea; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Mycophenolic Acid | 2003 |
Leflunomide in Crohn's disease--the open-label case series and the Texas sharpshooter.
Topics: Crohn Disease; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Treatment Outcome | 2003 |
Leflunomide treatment of Crohn's disease patients intolerant to standard immunomodulator therapy.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adult; Aged; Crohn Disease; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Failure | 2003 |
Toward a definition and method of assessment of treatment failure and treatment effectiveness: the case of leflunomide versus methotrexate.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Databases, Factual; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Patient Satisfaction; Predictive Value of Tests; Severity of Illness Index; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Failure | 2003 |
Is the recommended dose of leflunomide the best regimen to treat rheumatoid arthritis patients?
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies | 2003 |
Survival and effectiveness of leflunomide compared with methotrexate and sulfasalazine in rheumatoid arthritis: a matched observational study.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Blood Sedimentation; C-Reactive Protein; Chi-Square Distribution; Databases, Factual; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Statistics, Nonparametric; Sulfasalazine; Time Factors; Treatment Failure | 2003 |
T cell aggregation induced through CD43: intracellular signals and inhibition by the immunomodulatory drug leflunomide.
Topics: Actins; Antigens, CD; Cell Aggregation; Enzyme Precursors; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Isoxazoles; Jurkat Cells; Leflunomide; Leukosialin; Lymphocyte Activation; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Phospholipase C gamma; Protein Kinase C; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Sialoglycoproteins; Signal Transduction; src-Family Kinases; Syk Kinase; T-Lymphocytes; Type C Phospholipases | 2003 |
In vitro metabolism studies on the isoxazole ring scission in the anti-inflammatory agent lefluonomide to its active alpha-cyanoenol metabolite A771726: mechanistic similarities with the cytochrome P450-catalyzed dehydration of aldoximes.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Crotonates; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Desiccation; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Microsomes, Liver; Nitriles; Oximes; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Toluidines | 2003 |
Effects of leflunomide on human cartilage.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cartilage, Articular; Culture Techniques; Drug Interactions; Glycosaminoglycans; Humans; Interleukin-1; Isoxazoles; Knee; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Nitric Oxide | 2003 |
Correlation between clinical response to treatment and radiographic progression: comment on the article by Strand and Sharp.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Radiography | 2003 |
Erythema multiforme-like drug eruption with oral involvement after intake of leflunomide.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Eruptions; Erythema Multiforme; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged | 2003 |
Leflunomide use during the first 33 months after food and drug administration approval: experience with a national cohort of 3,325 patients.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cohort Studies; Databases, Factual; Drug Approval; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hospitals, Veterans; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Military Medicine; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; Treatment Failure; United States; United States Department of Veterans Affairs | 2003 |
Exfoliative dermatitis induced by leflunomide therapy.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis; Dermatitis, Exfoliative; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged | 2003 |
Leflunomide and anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis: comment on the letter by Bruyn et al.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2004 |
Leflunomide (Arava)-induced cystoid macular oedema.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Macular Edema; Male; Middle Aged | 2004 |
Weekly leflunomide as monotherapy for recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Male; Outpatients; Pain; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Histological and immunological characteristics of, and the effect of immunosuppressive treatment on, xenograft vasculopathy.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Heterophile; Aorta; Cricetinae; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mesocricetus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Nude; Tissue and Organ Harvesting; Transplantation, Heterologous | 2004 |
Japan deaths spark concerns over arthritis drug.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cause of Death; Drug Approval; Humans; Isoxazoles; Japan; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Leflunomide-induced acute hepatitis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Aged; Anion Exchange Resins; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cholestyramine Resin; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver | 2004 |
[Contribution of leflunomide to the cost effectiveness of sequential DMARD therapy of rheumatoid arthritis in Germany].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Drug Costs; Germany; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mathematical Computing; Models, Economic; National Health Programs; Quality of Life; Quality-Adjusted Life Years | 2004 |
[Development and/or increase of rheumatoid nodules in RA patients following leflunomide therapy].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Elbow; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hand; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Rheumatoid Factor; Rheumatoid Nodule | 2004 |
Patient preferences for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Computer Simulation; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Organogold Compounds; Patient Satisfaction; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Risk | 2004 |
The antirheumatic drug leflunomide inhibits osteoclastogenesis by interfering with receptor activator of NF-kappa B ligand-stimulated induction of nuclear factor of activated T cells c1.
Topics: Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Bone and Bones; Carrier Proteins; Cell Differentiation; DNA-Binding Proteins; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; NFATC Transcription Factors; Nuclear Proteins; Osteoclasts; Pyrimidines; RANK Ligand; Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; Signal Transduction; T-Lymphocytes; Transcription Factors | 2004 |
Additive effects of leflunomide and tacrolimus in prevention of islet xenograft rejection.
Topics: Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Drug Synergism; Graft Rejection; Histocytochemistry; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-2; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Subsets; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Rats; Rats, Wistar; T-Lymphocytes; Tacrolimus; Transplantation, Heterologous | 2004 |
Leflunomide for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in clinical practice: incidence and severity of hepatotoxicity.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Jaundice; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged | 2004 |
The safety and efficacy of leflunomide in combination with infliximab in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Infections; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Interstitial lung disease and disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial | 2004 |
Chronic overdose of leflunomide inducing interstitial nephritis.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Overdose; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Male; Nephritis, Interstitial | 2004 |
Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus associated with leflunomide.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Eruptions; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous; Male; Middle Aged | 2004 |
Photodistributed lichenoid drug eruption with rhabdomyolysis occurring during leflunomide therapy.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Eruptions; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lichen Planus, Oral; Middle Aged; Photosensitivity Disorders; Rhabdomyolysis | 2004 |
Dose escalation of leflunomide (LEF) to 40 mg once daily in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and insufficient response to standard dose LEF.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
The active metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726, increases the production of IL-1 receptor antagonist in human synovial fibroblasts and articular chondrocytes.
Topics: Adult; Aniline Compounds; Cells, Cultured; Child; Chondrocytes; Crotonates; Cytokines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fibroblasts; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Indomethacin; Interleukin-1; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Receptors, Interleukin-1; Synovial Membrane; Toluidines; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2004 |
Leflunomide in active rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective study in daily practice.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Leflunomide attenuates hepatocyte injury by inhibiting Kupffer cells.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Cell Communication; Cells, Cultured; Crotonates; Hepatitis; Hepatocytes; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-1; Isoxazoles; Kupffer Cells; Leflunomide; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Nitriles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Toluidines; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2004 |
Leflunomide therapy for cytomegalovirus disease in renal allograft recepients.
Topics: Adult; Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Drug Costs; Female; Humans; India; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Transplantation, Homologous | 2004 |
Peripheral neuropathy in patients treated with leflunomide.
Topics: Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Aged; Chi-Square Distribution; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Proportional Hazards Models; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration | 2004 |
Leflunomide-induced aseptic meningitis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Meningitis, Aseptic; Middle Aged | 2004 |
Inhibitory effect of leflunomide on hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl4 in rats.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning; Collagen Type III; Hydroxyproline; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental; Male; NF-kappa B; Nitric Oxide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 | 2004 |
Peripheral neuropathy in patients on leflunomide.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases | 2004 |
Leflunomide as a novel treatment option in severe atopic dermatitis.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Dermatitis, Atopic; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
The active metabolite of leflunomide, A771726, inhibits both the generation of and the bone-resorbing activity of osteoclasts by acting directly on cells of the osteoclast lineage.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Binding Sites; Bone Resorption; Carrier Proteins; Cell Differentiation; Cell Lineage; Cells, Cultured; Crotonates; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mice; NF-kappa B; Nitriles; Osteoclasts; Phosphorylation; Phosphotyrosine; Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src); Pyrimidines; Rabbits; RANK Ligand; Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; Toluidines | 2004 |
Extraarticular rheumatoid arthritis and drug-induced syndromes: understanding the role of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vasculitis | 2004 |
[Changes in indices of inflammatory activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis during early stages of basic therapy with leflunomide].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Quality of Life; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Newer disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and the risk of serious hepatic adverse events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Case-Control Studies; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Liver Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome; United States | 2004 |
Inducible-costimulator-mediated suppression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in CD4(+) T lymphocytes.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; Antiviral Agents; CD28 Antigens; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Division; Cell Survival; Cytokines; HIV-1; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Ligands; Mice; Receptors, HIV; Virus Replication | 2004 |
Leflunomide in active rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective study in daily practice.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Withholding Treatment | 2004 |
[Methotrexate combined with leflunomide or hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arteritis].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged | 2004 |
Pulmonary abscess due to leflunomide use in rheumatoid arthritis: a case report.
Topics: Adult; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Abscess; Sulbactam; Tomography, X-Ray Computed | 2005 |
Modulation of effector cell functions in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by leflunomide--mechanisms independent of pyrimidine depletion.
Topics: Adoptive Transfer; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antigens, CD; B7-2 Antigen; Cells, Cultured; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Guinea Pigs; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-2; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Membrane Glycoproteins; Microglia; Multiple Sclerosis; Myelin Basic Protein; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; STAT6 Transcription Factor; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer; Trans-Activators; Uridine | 2004 |
'Fast-track' drug approvals hit speed bumps in Japan.
Topics: Drug Approval; Drug Evaluation; Gefitinib; Isoxazoles; Japan; Leflunomide; Public Policy; Quinazolines | 2004 |
Therapeutic drug monitoring of A77 1726, the active metabolite of leflunomide: serum concentrations predict response to treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Aged; Aniline Compounds; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Crotonates; Drug Monitoring; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Nitriles; Prodrugs; ROC Curve; Severity of Illness Index; Toluidines; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and sepsis manifesting in a patient with chronic rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Aged; Amputation, Surgical; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Arm; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cellulitis; Combined Modality Therapy; Debridement; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Elbow Injuries; Fasciitis, Necrotizing; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunocompromised Host; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Shock, Septic; Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome; Streptococcus pyogenes | 2004 |
A rapid and simple determination of A77 1726 in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography and its application for optimization of leflunomide therapy.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Antirheumatic Agents; Buffers; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Crotonates; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Time Factors; Toluidines | 2004 |
A 771726, the active metabolite of leflunomide, inhibits TNF-alpha and IL-1 from Kupffer cells.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Cell Communication; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Coculture Techniques; Crotonates; Hepatitis; Hepatocytes; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-1; Isoxazoles; Kupffer Cells; Leflunomide; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Nitriles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Toluidines; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2004 |
CPEC induces erythroid differentiation of human myeloid leukemia K562 cells through CTP depletion and p38 MAP kinase.
Topics: Affinity Labels; Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases; Cell Differentiation; Cytidine; Cytidine Triphosphate; Dipyridamole; Enzyme Inhibitors; Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1; Erythroid Precursor Cells; Humans; Isoxazoles; K562 Cells; Leflunomide; Leukemia, Myeloid; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Pyrimidines; RNA, Small Interfering; S Phase; Thioinosine | 2004 |
Effects and mechanisms of FR167653, a dual inhibitor of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor, on adjuvant arthritis in rats.
Topics: Animals; Arthritis, Experimental; Body Weight; Cell Proliferation; China; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Freund's Adjuvant; Injections, Subcutaneous; Interleukin-1; Interleukin-10; Isoxazoles; Knee Joint; Leflunomide; Male; Organ Size; Pyrazoles; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Spleen; Synovial Fluid; Thymus Gland; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2004 |
Leflunomide protects from T-cell-mediated liver injury in mice through inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Caspase Inhibitors; Cells, Cultured; Concanavalin A; Cytokines; Enzyme Activation; Hepatitis; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-2; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; NF-kappa B; RNA, Messenger; T-Lymphocytes; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2004 |
Adverse events with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD): a cohort study of leflunomide compared with other DMARD.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies | 2004 |
Vasculitis associated with the use of leflunomide.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome; Vasculitis | 2004 |
Life-threatening hypertriglyceridemia during leflunomide therapy in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Hypertriglyceridemia; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged | 2004 |
Use of leflunomide in an allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipient with refractory cytomegalovirus infection.
Topics: Bone Marrow Transplantation; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Drug Resistance, Viral; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fatal Outcome; Female; Foscarnet; Graft vs Host Disease; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive; Liver Failure; Middle Aged; Salvage Therapy; Transplantation, Homologous; Viral Load | 2004 |
Do guidelines for the prescribing and monitoring of leflunomide need to be modified?
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Drug Monitoring; Drug Prescriptions; England; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Practice Patterns, Physicians' | 2004 |
Pulmonary hypertension in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis treated with leflunomide.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2004 |
Human umbilical cord blood cells differentiate into muscle in sjl muscular dystrophy mice.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, CD34; CD4 Antigens; CD8 Antigens; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Differentiation; Cell Lineage; Cell Transplantation; Cellular Senescence; Dysferlin; Dystrophin; Female; Fetal Blood; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Liver; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Muscle Proteins; Spleen; Stem Cells; T-Lymphocytes; Tacrolimus; Time Factors | 2004 |
Postmarketing surveillance for drug safety.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; Safety; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration | 2004 |
Regulation of ultraviolet B-induced phosphorylation of histone H3 at serine 10 by Fyn kinase.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Cell Line, Tumor; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Genes, Dominant; Histones; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice; Models, Biological; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Phosphorylation; Plasmids; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn; RNA, Small Interfering; Serine; Signal Transduction; src-Family Kinases; Threonine; Time Factors; Transfection; Ultraviolet Rays | 2005 |
Leflunomide inhibits transendothelial migration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Cell Adhesion; Cell Movement; Cells, Cultured; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; Endothelium, Vascular; Flow Cytometry; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Methotrexate; Uridine | 2004 |
Debilitating diarrhoea and weight loss due to colitis in two RA patients treated with leflunomide.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biopsy; Colitis; Colon; Colonoscopy; Diagnosis, Differential; Diarrhea; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Weight Loss | 2005 |
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase mRNA and protein expression analysis in normal and drug-resistant cells.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Southern; Blotting, Western; Cell Line; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; DNA; Drug Resistance; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Immunohistochemistry; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocytes; Male; Membranes; Mice; Mitochondria; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Pyrimidines; Rats; Recombinant Proteins; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Testis; Time Factors | 2004 |
[The active metabolite of leflunomide A771726 inhibits proliferation and collagen synthesis of hepatic stellate cell].
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Carbon Tetrachloride; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Collagen Type I; Crotonates; Hepatocytes; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-1; Isoxazoles; Kupffer Cells; Leflunomide; Male; Nitriles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Toluidines; Transforming Growth Factor beta | 2004 |
Induction of antinuclear antibodies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with infliximab and leflunomide.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2004 |
Modeling the 5-year cost effectiveness of treatment strategies including tumor necrosis factor-blocking agents and leflunomide for treating rheumatoid arthritis in the Netherlands.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Markov Chains; Middle Aged; Models, Economic; Netherlands; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2004 |
Comparison of anti-arthritic properties of leflunomide with methotrexate and FK506: effect on T cell activation-induced inflammatory cytokine production in vitro and rat adjuvant-induced arthritis.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis; Bone Marrow Cells; CD28 Antigens; CD3 Complex; Cell Proliferation; Cytokines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Inflammation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukocytes; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Lymphocyte Activation; Methotrexate; Mice; Neutrophils; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; T-Lymphocytes; Tacrolimus; Time Factors | 2004 |
The influence of previous and concomitant leflunomide on the efficacy and safety of infliximab therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis; a longitudinal observational study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epidemiologic Methods; Female; Humans; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Severity of Illness Index | 2005 |
Lupus erythematosus with leflunomide: induction or reactivation?
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Drug Eruptions; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous; Middle Aged; Sjogren's Syndrome; Th1 Cells | 2005 |
Interstitial lung disease associated with leflunomide.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial | 2004 |
Rheumatoid arthritis complicated with acute interstitial pneumonia induced by leflunomide as an adverse reaction.
Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Eruptions; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Male; Middle Aged | 2004 |
[The practice guideline 'Photo(chemo)therapy and systemic therapy in severe chronic plaque-psoriasis'].
Topics: Dermatologic Agents; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Photochemotherapy; Psoriasis; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2005 |
Inhibition of human cytomegalovirus signaling and replication by the immunosuppressant FK778.
Topics: Alkynes; Antiviral Agents; Cell Line; Cytomegalovirus; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Signal Transduction; Viral Plaque Assay; Viral Proteins; Virus Replication | 2005 |
Effects of a short course of leflunomide on T-independent B-lymphocyte xenoreactivity and on susceptibility of xenografts to acute or chronic rejection.
Topics: Animals; Complement System Proteins; Cricetinae; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mesocricetus; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Nude; Transplantation, Heterologous | 2005 |
Post-coronary artery bypass graft liver failure: a possible association with leflunomide.
Topics: Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Coronary Artery Bypass; Fatal Outcome; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver Failure | 2005 |
Long-term open-label preliminary study of the safety and efficacy of leflunomide in patients with polyarticular-course juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male | 2005 |
Effect of leflunomide and cidofovir on replication of BK virus in an in vitro culture system.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Cidofovir; Cytosine; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Organophosphonates; Virus Replication | 2005 |
Leflunomide and azathioprine combination in refractory adult-onset Still's disease.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Still's Disease, Adult-Onset | 2005 |
Successful treatment of a leg ulcer occurring in a rheumatoid arthritis patient under leflunomide therapy.
Topics: Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cholestyramine Resin; Debridement; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leg Ulcer; Skin Transplantation; Vasculitis; Wound Healing | 2005 |
Leflunomide-induced subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous; Middle Aged | 2005 |
Neuropathy associated with leflunomide: a case series.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases | 2005 |
Leflunomide for polyomavirus type BK nephropathy.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Crotonates; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Polyomavirus Infections; Toluidines; Tumor Virus Infections | 2005 |
[Treatment with leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Europe; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Physical function and health related quality of life: analysis of 2-year data from randomized, controlled studies of leflunomide, sulfasalazine, or methotrexate in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Disability Evaluation; Double-Blind Method; Female; Health Status; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Quality of Life; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Severity of Illness Index; Sulfasalazine; Surveys and Questionnaires | 2005 |
Continuous indices of core data set measures in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials: lower responses to placebo than seen with categorical responses with the American College of Rheumatology 20% criteria.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Health Status; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Pain Measurement; Placebos; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Rheumatology; Severity of Illness Index; Societies, Medical; Treatment Outcome; United States | 2005 |
Modelling cost effectiveness and cost utility of sequential DMARD therapy including leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis in Germany: I. Selected DMARDs and patient-related costs.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cost of Illness; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Drug Costs; Germany; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Models, Economic | 2005 |
[When to begin rheumatism treatment? Initial combination therapy helps fastest].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Prednisolone; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sulfasalazine; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2004 |
[Three joints swollen, blood sedimentation increased. Methotrexate to be given immediately?].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Blood Sedimentation; C-Reactive Protein; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Sulfasalazine; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2004 |
The active metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726, interferes with dendritic cell function.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Crotonates; Dendritic Cells; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Nitriles; Toluidines | 2005 |
Effects of leflunomide on hyaluronan synthases (HAS): NF-kappa B-independent suppression of IL-1-induced HAS1 transcription by leflunomide.
Topics: Cells, Cultured; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Enzyme Repression; Fibroblasts; Glucuronosyltransferase; Humans; Hyaluronan Synthases; Hyaluronic Acid; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-1; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; NF-kappa B; Protein Transport; Pyrimidines; RNA, Messenger; Synovial Membrane; Transcription, Genetic; Uridine | 2005 |
[New therapeutic perspectives in Sjögren syndrome: leflunomide].
Topics: Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Sjogren's Syndrome | 2005 |
Leflunomide induced acute interstitial pneumonia.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cholestyramine Resin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Middle Aged; Prednisolone; Radiography, Thoracic; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Toward the definition of immunosuppressive regimens with antitumor activity.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cell Line; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Colorectal Neoplasms; Cyclosporine; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Jurkat Cells; Leflunomide; Liver Neoplasms; Mycophenolic Acid; Rhabdomyosarcoma; Sirolimus | 2005 |
[Effective treatment of systemic sclerosis with leflunomide].
Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Scleroderma, Systemic; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Leflunomide and peripheral neuropathy: a potential interaction between uracil/tegafur and leflunomide.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Comorbidity; Disease Progression; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Combinations; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluorouracil; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Polyneuropathies; Rectal Neoplasms; Tegafur; Time Factors; Uracil | 2005 |
[An exploratory study on in vitro effects and mechanism of leflunomide on dendritic cells of systemic lupus erythematosus].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Dendritic Cells; Female; Flow Cytometry; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Lymphocyte Activation; Phenotype; T-Lymphocytes | 2005 |
Interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 enhance CCL26 production in a human keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT cells.
Topics: Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Chemokine CCL26; Chemokines, CC; Culture Media, Conditioned; Dermatitis, Atopic; Dexamethasone; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Imidazoles; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-13; Interleukin-4; Isoxazoles; Keratinocytes; Leflunomide; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Protein Methyltransferases; Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases; Pyridines; Receptors, CCR3; Receptors, Chemokine; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Stimulation, Chemical; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2005 |
Effects of the active metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726, on cytokine release and the MAPK signalling pathway in human rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes.
Topics: Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; Aniline Compounds; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Apoptosis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cells, Cultured; Crotonates; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cytokines; Dinoprostone; DNA Fragmentation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Inflammation; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-11; Interleukin-8; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Membrane Proteins; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; NF-kappa B; Nitriles; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; Sialoglycoproteins; Synovial Fluid; Time Factors; Toluidines; Trypsin | 2005 |
Determination of leflunomide in tablets by high performance liquid chromatography.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Calibration; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Chromatography; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Models, Chemical; Oxazepam; Quality Control; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tablets; Time Factors; Ultraviolet Rays | 2006 |
Lethal pneumonitis under leflunomide therapy.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Fatal Outcome; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumonia | 2005 |
Population pharmacokinetics and association between A77 1726 plasma concentrations and disease activity measures following administration of leflunomide to people with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adult; Aged; Aniline Compounds; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cross-Sectional Studies; Crotonates; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Monitoring; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Nitriles; Toluidines | 2005 |
Leflunomide in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. An analysis of predictors for treatment continuation.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Netherlands; Time Factors | 2005 |
Inhibition of the nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathway by leflunomide or triptolide also inhibits the anthralin-induced inflammatory response but does not affect keratinocyte growth inhibition.
Topics: Anthralin; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Blotting, Western; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Diterpenes; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epoxy Compounds; Humans; I-kappa B Proteins; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Interleukin-8; Isoxazoles; Keratinocytes; Leflunomide; NF-kappa B; Phenanthrenes; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiazoles | 2005 |
Disruption of the interaction of T cells with antigen-presenting cells by the active leflunomide metabolite teriflunomide: involvement of impaired integrin activation and immunologic synapse formation.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antigen-Presenting Cells; Cell Adhesion; Crotonates; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppression Therapy; Integrins; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Isoxazoles; Jurkat Cells; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell; Signal Transduction; Superantigens; T-Lymphocytes; Toluidines | 2005 |
[Development of dermatomyositis in a woman with rheumatoid arthritis treated with leflunomide].
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Dermatomyositis; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged | 2005 |
Safety and efficacy of leflunomide and infliximab versus methotrexate and infliximab combination therapy in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged | 2005 |
Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus precipitated by leflunomide.
Topics: Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous; Middle Aged | 2005 |
Rheumatoid lung nodulosis and osteopathy associated with leflunomide therapy.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases; Male; Osteoarthropathy, Secondary Hypertrophic; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Rheumatoid Nodule; Technetium Tc 99m Medronate | 2006 |
Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus associated with leflunomide.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous; Middle Aged | 2005 |
Anti-inflammatory effects of leflunomide in combination with methotrexate on co-culture of T lymphocytes and synovial macrophages from rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Blotting, Western; Coculture Techniques; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cytokines; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Immunohistochemistry; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Isoxazoles; Jurkat Cells; Leflunomide; Macrophages; Membrane Proteins; Methotrexate; NF-kappa B; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Synovial Membrane; T-Lymphocytes | 2006 |
[Psoriasis arthritis--long-term treatment of two patients with leflunomide].
Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthralgia; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Longitudinal Studies; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Quality of Life; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
Peripheral neuropathy in patients with systemic rheumatic diseases treated with leflunomide.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Retrospective Studies; Rheumatic Diseases | 2005 |
Population pharmacokinetics of the active metabolite of leflunomide in pediatric subjects with polyarticular course juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adolescent; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Body Weight; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Models, Biological; Monte Carlo Method; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic | 2005 |
[Leflunomide-related severe axonal neuropathy].
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Axons; Cranial Nerve Diseases; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Severity of Illness Index | 2005 |
Towards an epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis outcome with respect to treatment: randomized controlled trials overestimate treatment response and effectiveness.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Bias; Epidemiologic Studies; Humans; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Models, Statistical; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Research Design; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Leflunomide-associated tuberculosis?
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Opportunistic Infections; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary | 2006 |
Severe hepatotoxicity in a rheumatoid arthritis patient switched from leflunomide to methotrexate.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Severity of Illness Index | 2005 |
Leflunomide prevents alveolar fluid clearance inhibition by respiratory syncytial virus.
Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Female; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Nucleotidases; Pneumonia, Viral; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses; Severity of Illness Index | 2006 |
Concurrent antiviral and immunosuppressive activities of leflunomide in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Graft Rejection; Heart; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Lectins, C-Type; Leflunomide; Lung; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Salivary Glands; Spleen; Transplants; Uridine; Viral Proteins | 2006 |
Treatment for rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of hospitalization for pneumonia: associations with prednisone, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, and anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Pneumonia; Prednisone; Risk Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2006 |
Pneumonitis associated with leflunomide: a profile of New Zealand and Australian reports.
Topics: Adult; Age Distribution; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Australia; Cohort Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Incidence; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumonia; Radiography; Respiratory Function Tests; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Distribution; Survival Rate | 2006 |
Treatment of renal allograft polyoma BK virus infection with leflunomide.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; BK Virus; Blood; Cells, Cultured; Creatinine; Crotonates; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Nitriles; Polyomavirus Infections; Renal Insufficiency; Tacrolimus; Toluidines; Urine; Virus Replication | 2006 |
The active form of leflunomide, HMR1726, facilitates TNF-alpha and IL-17 induced MMP-1 and MMP-3 expression.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Apoptosis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cell Survival; Female; Fibroblasts; Gene Expression; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Interleukin-17; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1; Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; Middle Aged; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Osteoarthritis; Recombinant Proteins; RNA, Messenger; Synovial Membrane; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2006 |
Induction of regulatory T cells by leflunomide in a murine model of contact allergen sensitivity.
Topics: Allergens; Animals; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cytokines; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Dinitrofluorobenzene; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-10; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Oxazolone; RNA, Messenger | 2006 |
Protective effects of leflunomide against ischemia-reperfusion injury of the rat liver.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antioxidants; Female; Hepatocytes; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Malondialdehyde; Neutrophil Activation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reperfusion Injury; Superoxide Dismutase | 2006 |
Polymorphism on leflunomide: stability and crystal structures.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Crystallization; Drug Stability; Ethanol; Hydrogen Bonding; Isomerism; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Microscopy, Polarization; Models, Molecular; Solutions; Solvents; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; X-Ray Diffraction | 2006 |
Disease modifying treatment for feline rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Breeding; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Radiography; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Treatment of multidrug-resistant cytomegalovirus retinitis with systemically administered leflunomide.
Topics: Adult; Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Retinitis; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Treatment Outcome | 2006 |
The incidence of pancytopenia in patients taking leflunomide alone or with methotrexate.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anemia; Antirheumatic Agents; Australia; Carbamazepine; Child; Drug Prescriptions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drug Utilization Review; Female; Humans; Incidence; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Neutropenia; Organogold Compounds; Pancytopenia; Thrombocytopenia | 2007 |
[Skin ulceration after leflunomide treatment in two patients with rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Skin Ulcer | 2006 |
Remission of polyomavirus-induced graft nephropathy treated with low-dose leflunomide.
Topics: Adult; Antiviral Agents; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Polyomavirus; Polyomavirus Infections; Remission Induction; Time Factors | 2006 |
Leflunomide use and the risk of interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Male; Middle Aged; Risk Factors | 2006 |
Safety of infliximab used in combination with leflunomide or azathioprine in daily clinical practice.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Outcome | 2006 |
How is leflunomide prescribed and used in Australia? Analysis of prescribing and adverse effect reporting.
Topics: Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Australia; Drug Prescriptions; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2006 |
Leflunomide--an immunomodulator--induces regression of endometrial explants in a rat model of endometriosis.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Endometriosis; Endometrium; Female; Immunologic Factors; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2006 |
Severe infections following leflunomide therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Opportunistic Infections; Tuberculosis, Spinal | 2006 |
[Drug-induced lichenoid eruptions].
Topics: Drug Eruptions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lichenoid Eruptions; Middle Aged; Prednisone | 2006 |
Leflunomide increases the risk of early healing complications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis undergoing elective orthopedic surgery.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Orthopedics; Postoperative Complications; Risk; Surgical Wound Infection; Wound Healing | 2006 |
Anti-Jo-1 antibody positive polymyositis--successful therapy with leflunomide.
Topics: Antibodies, Antinuclear; Arthritis; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Polymyositis; Prednisolone | 2006 |
Leflunomide-induced pneumonitis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung; Pneumonia; Radiography; Radionuclide Imaging | 2006 |
Successful treatment with leflunomide of arthritis in systemic sclerosis patients.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Scleroderma, Systemic | 2006 |
Peripheral neuropathy associated with leflunomide: is there a risk patient profile?
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Diabetes Complications; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Neurologic Examination; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Rheumatoid Factor; Risk Assessment; Vasculitis | 2007 |
[Diagnosis of and therapy for diffuse lung diseases (discussion)].
Topics: Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic; Biomarkers; Bronchiolitis; Gefitinib; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Quinazolines; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary; Tomography, X-Ray Computed | 2006 |
Antirheumatic drug use and the risk of acute myocardial infarction.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Random Allocation; Treatment Outcome | 2006 |
Hepatic damage in biliary-obstructed rats is ameliorated by leflunomide treatment.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cholestasis, Extrahepatic; Female; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lipid Peroxidation; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2006 |
Autoantibodies, metalloproteinases and bone markers in rheumatoid arthritis patients are unable to predict their responses to infliximab.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoantibodies; Biomarkers; Bone Resorption; Drug Therapy, Combination; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Humans; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Metalloproteases; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Rheumatoid Factor; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2007 |
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis associated with a disease-modifying antirheumatoid arthritis drug.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis | 2006 |
Low dose leflunomide activates PI3K/Akt signalling in erythroleukemia cells and reduces apoptosis induced by anticancer agents.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Apoptosis; Caspase 3; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; DNA Fragmentation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Activation; Etoposide; Humans; Isoxazoles; K562 Cells; Leflunomide; Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute; MAP Kinase Kinase 4; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8; NF-kappa B; Organophosphorus Compounds; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Signal Transduction; Staurosporine | 2006 |
Leflunomide for relapsing polychondritis: successful longterm treatment.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; C-Reactive Protein; Cholestyramine Resin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fever; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukocyte Count; Leukocytosis; Male; Middle Aged; Photophobia; Platelet Count; Polychondritis, Relapsing; Thrombocytosis; Treatment Failure | 2006 |
Angioinvasive aspergillosis presenting as neutropenic colitis.
Topics: Adalimumab; Adjuvants, Immunologic; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Aspergillosis; Cholecystectomy; Colitis; Colon; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hernia, Abdominal; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Pancytopenia; Rheumatic Diseases | 2006 |
Influence of leflunomide on gastrointestinal Candida albicans infection induced in naive and arthritic newborn mice.
Topics: Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Candida albicans; Candidiasis; Collagen; Colony Count, Microbial; Female; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Immunoglobulin G; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-4; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Spleen; Th1 Cells; Th2 Cells | 2006 |
Leflunomide or A77 1726 protect from acetaminophen-induced cell injury through inhibition of JNK-mediated mitochondrial permeability transition in immortalized human hepatocytes.
Topics: Acetaminophen; Aniline Compounds; Anthracenes; Antirheumatic Agents; Caspase 3; Cell Death; Cell Line; Crotonates; Cytochromes c; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Activation; Glutathione; Hepatocytes; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Leflunomide; Mitochondria, Liver; Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins; Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 9; Nitriles; Phosphorylation; Protein Carbonylation; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Toluidines | 2006 |
Leflunomide-related acute interstitial pneumonia in two patients with rheumatoid arthritis: autopsy findings with a mosaic pattern of acute and organizing diffuse alveolar damage.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autopsy; Cholestyramine Resin; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Methylprednisolone; Pulmonary Alveoli; Tomography, X-Ray Computed | 2006 |
Leflunomide combined with conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs or biologics in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biological Products; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2006 |
[Spondylarthritides].
Topics: Adalimumab; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Child; Diagnostic Imaging; Etanercept; Female; HLA-B27 Antigen; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Physical Therapy Modalities; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Spine; Spondylarthritis; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Sulfasalazine | 2006 |
Leflunomide-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome | 2006 |
Prevention of renal ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury in rats by leflunomide.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Catalase; Creatinine; Female; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Lipid Peroxidation; Nitric Oxide; Oxidative Stress; Peroxidase; Protein Carbonylation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Xanthine Oxidase | 2006 |
Durability of treatment with methotrexate in Venezuelan patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Comorbidity; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Venezuela | 2007 |
Leflunomide-induced peripheral neuropathy.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthralgia; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases | 2007 |
Effect of the immunomodulator leflunomide on the induction of endometriosis in an experimental rat model.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Endometriosis; Female; Immunologic Factors; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rats; Uterus | 2007 |
The active metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726, increases proliferation of human synovial fibroblasts in presence of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Crotonates; Drug Synergism; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fibroblasts; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Interleukin-1beta; Isoxazoles; Jurkat Cells; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Synovial Membrane; Toluidines; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Uridine | 2006 |
Cavitating pneumonia, a severe complication of leflunomide therapy in chronic polyarthritis.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Opportunistic Infections; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Prospective Studies | 2007 |
Leflunomide as an antiatherogenic drug.
Topics: Antigen-Presenting Cells; Antirheumatic Agents; Atherosclerosis; Chemotaxis; Dendritic Cells; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Models, Cardiovascular; NF-kappa B; Signal Transduction | 2007 |
Pulmonary adverse events with leflunomide--myth or reality?
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases; Male; Middle Aged | 2007 |
Prevalence and clinical course of BK virus nephropathy in pancreas after kidney transplant patients.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Medical Records Systems, Computerized; Pancreatic Diseases; Polyomavirus Infections; Postoperative Complications; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Tumor Virus Infections | 2006 |
Clinical practice format for choosing a second-line disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug in early rheumatoid arthritis after failure of 6 months' first-line DMARD therapy.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biomarkers; Decision Support Techniques; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Radiography; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Rheumatoid Factor; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Failure | 2007 |
Reiter syndrome triggered by adalimumab (Humira) and leflunomide (Arava) in a patient with ankylosing spondylarthropathy and Crohn disease.
Topics: Adalimumab; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Arthritis, Reactive; Crohn Disease; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Spondylarthropathies | 2007 |
Dual mycobacterial infection in the setting of leflunomide treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mycobacterium leprae; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Tuberculosis | 2007 |
Step-up combination versus switching of non-biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis: results from a retrospective observational study.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Blood Sedimentation; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Proportional Hazards Models; Retrospective Studies; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Failure | 2007 |
Leflunomide failure to control recurrent cytomegalovirus infection in the setting of renal failure after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Cidofovir; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Cytosine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Encephalitis, Viral; Fatal Outcome; Ganciclovir; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Organophosphonates; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation; Postoperative Complications; Renal Insufficiency; Secondary Prevention; Treatment Failure; Virus Activation | 2007 |
Suppressive effects of leflunomide on leptin-induced collagen I production involved in hepatic stellate cell proliferation.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Cell Cycle; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Collagen Type I; Crotonates; Culture Media, Conditioned; Cyclin D; Cyclins; Cytokines; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Fibroblasts; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kupffer Cells; Leflunomide; Leptin; Liver; Macrophage Activation; Nitriles; Phosphorylation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; STAT3 Transcription Factor; Toluidines | 2007 |
Mitochondrial protection by the JNK inhibitor leflunomide rescues mice from acetaminophen-induced liver injury.
Topics: Acetaminophen; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Apoptosis; bcl-X Protein; Enzyme Inhibitors; Immunity, Innate; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Male; MAP Kinase Kinase 4; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mitochondria; Necrosis; Peroxynitrous Acid; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 | 2007 |
Leflunomide versus methotrexate in Wegener's granulomatosis.
Topics: Glucocorticoids; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Recurrence; Remission Induction | 2007 |
Renal tubular acidosis associated with leflunomide.
Topics: Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2007 |
Rituximab for treatment-resistant extensive Wegener's granulomatosis--additive effects of a maintenance treatment with leflunomide.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antirheumatic Agents; B-Lymphocytes; Disease-Free Survival; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Radiography, Thoracic; Recurrence; Retrospective Studies; Rituximab; Tomography, X-Ray Computed | 2007 |
Therapy with immunosuppressive drugs and biological agents and use of contraception in patients with rheumatic disease.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Congenital Abnormalities; Contraception; Contraception Behavior; Female; Health Surveys; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Patient Compliance; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Rheumatic Diseases | 2007 |
Risk of interstitial lung disease associated with leflunomide treatment in Korean patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Korea; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Male; Middle Aged; Risk Factors | 2007 |
Leflunomide and methotrexate combination in refractory adult-onset Still's disease.
Topics: Adult; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Still's Disease, Adult-Onset | 2007 |
Post-infection A77-1726 blocks pathophysiologic sequelae of respiratory syncytial virus infection.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Airway Resistance; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Antiviral Agents; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Cell Count; Chemokines; Crotonates; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; DNA; Drug Administration Schedule; Extravascular Lung Water; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Nitriles; Oxygen; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses; Toluidines; Virus Replication | 2007 |
Maternal exposure to leflunomide associated with blindness and cerebral palsy.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Blindness; Cerebral Palsy; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects | 2007 |
Second look at leflunomide "failure" to control cytomegalovirus infection in the setting of renal failure.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Renal Insufficiency | 2007 |
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis associated with leflunomide therapy.
Topics: Aged; Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biopsy; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Tomography, X-Ray Computed | 2007 |
Early clinical experience with leflunomide in uveitis.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Treatment Outcome; Uveitis, Anterior | 2007 |
New antirheumatic drugs: any real added value? A critical overview of regulatory criteria for their marketing approval.
Topics: Adalimumab; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Drug Approval; Etanercept; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Italy; Leflunomide; Legislation, Drug; Marketing; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Time Factors | 2007 |
Leflunomide treatment for polyomavirus BK-associated nephropathy after kidney transplantation.
Topics: Adult; Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Female; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Polyomavirus Infections; Transplantation, Homologous; Tumor Virus Infections | 2007 |
In vitro effects of the active metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726, on feline herpesvirus-1.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Antiviral Agents; Apoptosis; Cat Diseases; Cats; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Crotonates; DNA, Viral; Herpesviridae; Herpesviridae Infections; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Mitochondria; Nitriles; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Statistics, Nonparametric; Toluidines; Viral Load; Virus Replication | 2007 |
The immunomodulatory drug Leflunomide inhibits cell cycle progression of B-CLL cells.
Topics: Apoptosis; B-Lymphocytes; Crotonates; Cyclin A; Cyclin D3; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2; Cyclins; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; DNA Replication; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; G1 Phase; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunologic Factors; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell; Neoplasm Proteins; Nitriles; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Phosphorylation; Prodrugs; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Receptors, Immunologic; Receptors, Prostaglandin; Retinoblastoma Protein; Toluidines; Tumor Cells, Cultured; ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase | 2008 |
A mechanistic advance in understanding RSV pathogenesis, but still a long way from therapy.
Topics: Aged; Airway Obstruction; Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Antiviral Agents; Cattle; Humans; Infant; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses | 2007 |
Leflunomide prevents vasospasm secondary to subarachnoid haemorrhage.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Basilar Artery; Disease Models, Animal; Fibromuscular Dysplasia; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukocyte Count; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Rabbits; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Vasoconstriction; Vasospasm, Intracranial | 2007 |
Cutaneous infections with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in patients using immunosuppressive medication.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adult; Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cross Infection; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | 2007 |
Pancytopenia, including macrocytic anemia, associated with leflunomide in a rheumatoid arthritis patient.
Topics: Aged; Anemia, Macrocytic; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Pancytopenia; Radiography, Thoracic; Time Factors; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome | 2007 |
Leflunomide-associated infections in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cellulitis; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Infections; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; New Zealand; Sepsis; Staphylococcal Infections; Tuberculosis, Hepatic | 2007 |
Leflunomide inhibits PDK1/Akt pathway and induces apoptosis of human mast cells.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Apoptosis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Chronic Disease; Crotonates; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Inflammation Mediators; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mast Cells; Nitriles; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Phosphorylation; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase; Signal Transduction; Synovial Membrane; Synovitis; Toluidines; Uridine | 2007 |
A simple sample size formula for analysis of covariance in randomized clinical trials.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Research Design; Sample Size; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 2007 |
Suppressive effects of leflunomide on leptin-induced TIMP-1 production involves on hepatic stellate cell proliferation and apoptosis.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Apoptosis; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Crotonates; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Janus Kinases; Leflunomide; Leptin; Liver; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Nitriles; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats; Signal Transduction; STAT Transcription Factors; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; Toluidines | 2008 |
Leflunomide-induced lung injury that developed after its withdrawal, coinciding with peripheral blood lymphocyte count decrease.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Lymphocyte Count; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Fibrosis | 2008 |
Leflunomide in subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus - two sides of a coin.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Eruptions; Enzyme Inhibitors; Erythema Multiforme; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous; Male; Skin | 2008 |
Leflunomide as adjuvant treatment of dermatomyositis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adult; Aged; Dermatologic Agents; Dermatomyositis; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prednisone; Treatment Outcome | 2008 |
The effectiveness of leflunomide as a co-therapy of tumour necrosis factor inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study.
Topics: Aged; Analysis of Variance; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Arthrography; Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Proportional Hazards Models; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2009 |
Introducing the first polymer-free leflunomide eluting stent.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Drug-Eluting Stents; Endothelial Cells; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sirolimus; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Tunica Intima; Tunica Media | 2008 |
ATP competitive inhibitors of D-alanine-D-alanine ligase based on protein kinase inhibitor scaffolds.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amides; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Binding Sites; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Peptide Synthases; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Salicylates; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2009 |
Severe cutaneous adverse drug reaction to leflunomide: a report of two cases.
Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Blister; Drug Eruptions; Exanthema; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Immunologic Factors; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Methylprednisolone; Middle Aged; Pulse Therapy, Drug; Severity of Illness Index; Sjogren's Syndrome; Treatment Outcome | 2008 |
Suppressive effect of leflunomide on rat hepatic stellate cell proliferation involves on PDGF-BB-elicited activation of three mitogen-activated protein kinases.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Becaplermin; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Crotonates; Culture Media, Conditioned; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hepatocytes; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kupffer Cells; Leflunomide; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Nitriles; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta; Toluidines | 2008 |
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage after leflunomide therapy in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Dyspnea; Hemoptysis; Hemorrhage; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Lung; Lung Diseases; Male; Methylprednisolone; Muscle Weakness; Pleural Effusion; Pulmonary Alveoli; Tomography, X-Ray Computed | 2008 |
Higher levels of leflunomide are associated with hemolysis and are not superior to lower levels for BK virus clearance in renal transplant patients.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Graft Rejection; Hemolysis; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Polyomavirus Infections; Retrospective Studies; Thrombosis; Time Factors; Viral Load | 2008 |
[Leflunomide-induced skin necrosis].
Topics: Abdomen; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Necrosis; Skin; Time Factors | 2008 |
Leflunomide therapy in kidney transplantation: ready for prime time?
Topics: Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Graft Rejection; Hemolysis; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Polyomavirus Infections; Thrombosis; Time Factors; Viral Load | 2008 |
Intrapulmonary rheumatoid nodules in a patient with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis treated with leflunomide.
Topics: Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases; Multiple Pulmonary Nodules; Rheumatoid Nodule; Sjogren's Syndrome; Thoracoscopy | 2008 |
A single-center experience with BK virus nephropathy.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Cidofovir; Cytosine; Female; Graft Survival; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Nephritis, Interstitial; Organophosphonates; Polyomavirus Infections | 2008 |
Leflunomide and its metabolite A771726 are high affinity substrates of BCRP: implications for drug resistance.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Aniline Compounds; Antirheumatic Agents; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Crotonates; Drug Resistance; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Neoplasm Proteins; Nitriles; Toluidines | 2009 |
Leflunomide as a remission-maintaining therapy in difficult-to-treat dermatomyositis.
Topics: Dermatomyositis; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Prednisolone | 2008 |
Leflunomide-induced subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus with erythema multiforme-like lesions.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adult; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Erythema Multiforme; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous; Skin; Spondylitis, Ankylosing | 2008 |
[Elevated liver enzymes in rheumatoid arthritis : differential diagnostic considerations based on a case report].
Topics: Adalimumab; Adolescent; Alanine Transaminase; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cortisone; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hepatitis, Autoimmune; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Liver Function Tests; Methotrexate; Prednisolone | 2008 |
Clinical images: healing of sacroiliitis with leflunomide and sulfasalazine treatment.
Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Sacroiliac Joint; Sulfasalazine; Tomography, X-Ray Computed | 2008 |
[A 47-year-old dog breeder with chronic polyarthritis, weight loss and high fever].
Topics: Adalimumab; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Diagnosis, Differential; Disease Progression; Fever of Unknown Origin; Humans; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Risk Factors; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome; Tropheryma; Weight Loss; Whipple Disease | 2008 |
[Psoriatic arthritis].
Topics: Arthritis, Psoriatic; Cyclosporine; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Psoriasis | 2008 |
[Study on protective effects and its mechanism of leflunomide on renal tissue in rat IgA nephropathy model].
Topics: Animals; Chemokine CCL2; Disease Models, Animal; Fibrosis; Glomerulonephritis, IGA; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Male; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 | 2008 |
Exacerbation of Whipple disease by immunosuppressants.
Topics: Aged; Diagnostic Errors; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Still's Disease, Adult-Onset; Whipple Disease | 2008 |
Genetic polymorphism of CYP1A2 and the toxicity of leflunomide treatment in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; Diarrhea; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Pharmacogenetics; Pilot Projects; Polymorphism, Genetic; Pruritus; Vomiting | 2008 |
Coexistence of familial Mediterranean fever and psoriasis in a patient with seronegative spondyloarthropathy.
Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Colchicine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Familial Mediterranean Fever; Gout Suppressants; Health Status; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Severity of Illness Index; Spondylarthropathies; Treatment Outcome | 2008 |
Does leflunomide attenuate the sepsis-induced acute lung injury?
Topics: Acute Lung Injury; Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutathione; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung; Male; Malondialdehyde; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sepsis; Spectrophotometry; Superoxide Dismutase; Treatment Outcome | 2008 |
Proposals for leflunomide use to avoid lung injury in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Japan; Leflunomide; Lung Injury; Male; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Retrospective Studies | 2008 |
The active metabolite of leflunomide A771726 inhibits corneal neovascularization.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Cell Nucleus; Cell Proliferation; Corneal Neovascularization; Crotonates; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiazoles; Time Factors; Toluidines; Umbilical Veins | 2008 |
Prevention of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity by leflunomide via inhibition of APAP biotransformation to N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine.
Topics: Acetaminophen; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Benzoquinones; Biotransformation; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Glutathione; Humans; Imines; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mass Spectrometry; Mice; Microsomes, Liver; Phenacetin; Recombinant Proteins | 2008 |
Tolerability of methotrexate and leflunomide combination therapy for inflammatory arthritis in routine clinical practice: results of a four-centre study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged | 2008 |
Interleukin-13 augments bronchial smooth muscle contractility with an up-regulation of RhoA protein.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Asthma; Bronchoalveolar Lavage; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Interleukin-13; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; rho GTP-Binding Proteins; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein; Signal Transduction; STAT6 Transcription Factor; Up-Regulation | 2009 |
[Persistent diarrhea and loss of weight during therapy with leflunomide].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Colitis, Lymphocytic; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diarrhea; Female; Hashimoto Disease; Humans; Hypertension; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Weight Loss | 2008 |
Rheumatoid arthritis, alcohol, leflunomide and methotrexate. Can changes to the BSR guidelines for leflunomide and methotrexate on alcohol consumption be justified?
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine Transaminase; Alcohol Drinking; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Central Nervous System Depressants; Contraindications; Databases, Factual; Ethanol; Female; Health Care Surveys; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Surveys and Questionnaires | 2008 |
Effects of leflunomide and methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis detected by digital X-ray radiogrammetry and computer-aided joint space analysis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Bone Density; Female; Finger Joint; Humans; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Metacarpophalangeal Joint; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Radiography | 2009 |
Severe crescentic BK virus nephropathy with favourable outcome in a transplanted patient treated with Leflunomide.
Topics: Adult; Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Glomerulus; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Polyomavirus Infections; Tumor Virus Infections | 2008 |
Leflunomide-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cholestyramine Resin; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Ion Exchange Resins; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Prednisolone; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome | 2008 |
The active metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726, protects rat hepatocytes against bile acid-induced apoptosis.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Apoptosis; Bile Acids and Salts; Crotonates; Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid; Hepatocytes; Hydroxybutyrates; In Vitro Techniques; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Necrosis; NF-kappa B; Nitriles; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Toluidines; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2008 |
Suppression of immunoglobulin production by a novel dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitor, S-2678.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Antibody Formation; B-Lymphocytes; Biphenyl Compounds; Cell Proliferation; Crotonates; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; Immunoglobulins; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Nitriles; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Pyridines; Toluidines | 2008 |
Inhibition of tumour necrosis factor and IL-17 production by leflunomide involves the JAK/STAT pathway.
Topics: Antigens, CD; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; Antirheumatic Agents; Cells, Cultured; Coculture Techniques; Humans; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Interleukin-15; Interleukin-17; Isoxazoles; Lectins, C-Type; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes; Phosphorylation; Signal Transduction; STAT6 Transcription Factor; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Up-Regulation | 2009 |
Leflunomide-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biopsy; Brain; Cytarabine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Injections, Intravenous; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Seizures; Staining and Labeling | 2008 |
Syringotropic hypersensitivity reaction associated with infliximab and leflunomide combination therapy in a child with psoriatic arthritis.
Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Drug Hypersensitivity; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male | 2009 |
A pair of twins born after maternal exposure to leflunomide.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Female; Fetal Growth Retardation; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Twins, Monozygotic | 2008 |
Caffeic acid, a phenolic phytochemical in coffee, directly inhibits Fyn kinase activity and UVB-induced COX-2 expression.
Topics: Animals; Anticarcinogenic Agents; Caffeic Acids; Cell Line, Tumor; Chlorogenic Acid; Coffee; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; Dinoprostone; Female; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Phosphorylation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn; Pyrimidines; Quinic Acid; Skin; Ultraviolet Rays | 2009 |
Is leflunomide effective in the treatment of psoriasis in a patient who is unable to benefit from standard first- and second-line therapies and needs an affordable treatment option?
Topics: Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Psoriasis; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Young Adult | 2008 |
Preliminary study on the immunologic background of good clinical outcome in rheumatoid arthritis patients after one month therapy with leflunomide.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; B-Lymphocytes; Case-Control Studies; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Count; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Isoxazoles; Killer Cells, Natural; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Monocytes; T-Lymphocyte Subsets; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
Comparative effectiveness of tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitors in combination with either methotrexate or leflunomide.
Topics: Adalimumab; Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epidemiologic Methods; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Young Adult | 2009 |
Pharmaceutical metabolite profiling using quadrupole/ion mobility spectrometry/time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
Topics: Acetaminophen; Animals; Chromatography, Liquid; Computer Simulation; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Linear Models; Mass Spectrometry; Mice; Microsomes, Liver; Models, Chemical; Molecular Structure | 2009 |
Elevated liver enzyme tests among patients with rheumatoid arthritis or psoriatic arthritis treated with methotrexate and/or leflunomide.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alanine Transaminase; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Biomarkers; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Cohort Studies; Drug Monitoring; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Young Adult | 2010 |
[Leflunomide in combination with TNF-blockers for Methotrexate intolerance].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors | 2009 |
The efficacy and safety of leflunomide therapy in lupus nephritis by repeat kidney biopsy.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Biopsy; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Lupus Nephritis; Male; Middle Aged | 2009 |
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitor A771726 (leflunomide) induces apoptosis and diminishes proliferation of multiple myeloma cells.
Topics: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Cell Cycle Proteins; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Culture Media; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Down-Regulation; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Drug Synergism; Enzyme Inhibitors; G1 Phase; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Multiple Myeloma; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Phosphoproteins; Phosphorylation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Receptors, Cytokine; Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa; Stromal Cells; Uridine | 2009 |
Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Sulfasalazine | 2009 |
Inhibiting the teratogenicity of the immunosuppressant leflunomide in mice by supplementation of exogenous uridine.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Animals; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Embryonic Development; Female; Fetal Viability; Fetus; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Pregnancy; Pyrimidine Nucleotides; Teratogens; Uridine | 2009 |
The effect of exon (19C>A) dihydroorotate dehydrogenase gene polymorphism on rheumatoid arthritis treatment with leflunomide.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Carrier State; Conserved Sequence; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; DNA Primers; Exons; Female; Genotype; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Genetic; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide | 2009 |
Leflunomide use in New Zealand. A national prospective post-marketing study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cohort Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; New Zealand; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; Prospective Studies; Registries; Young Adult | 2009 |
Protective effects of leflunomide on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury: leflunomide against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Catalase; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Intestinal Diseases; Intestinal Mucosa; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Malondialdehyde; Oxidative Stress; Peroxidase; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Treatment Outcome | 2010 |
Critical periods for the teratogenicity of immune-suppressant Leflunomide in mice.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Abnormalities, Multiple; Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Critical Period, Psychological; Embryo Loss; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; Fetal Viability; Gestational Age; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Pregnancy | 2009 |
Involvement of breast cancer resistance protein expression on rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue macrophages in resistance to methotrexate and leflunomide.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Biopsy; Case-Control Studies; Drug Resistance, Multiple; Endothelial Cells; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Macrophages; Methotrexate; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins; Neoplasm Proteins; Synovial Membrane | 2009 |
Increased prevalence of polyomavirus BK viruria that correlates with thrombocytopenia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus on intensive immunosuppressive therapy.
Topics: Adult; Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Female; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Middle Aged; Polyomavirus Infections; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Thrombocytopenia; Urine; Young Adult | 2009 |
Leflunomide-induced interstitial lung disease: prevalence and risk factors in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Body Weight; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Japan; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; Risk Factors; Smoking | 2009 |
Leflunomide therapy for BK virus allograft nephropathy in pediatric and young adult kidney transplant recipients.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Child; DNA, Viral; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Polyomavirus Infections; Transplantation, Homologous; Tumor Virus Infections; Young Adult | 2010 |
Measure of function in rheumatoid arthritis: individualised or classical scales?
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disability Evaluation; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Psychometrics; Reproducibility of Results; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 2010 |
An elderly man with rheumatoid arthritis and dyspnea.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Pneumonia; Pulmonary Alveoli | 2009 |
In vitro metabolism of leflunomide by mouse and human liver microsomes.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Chromatography, Liquid; Crotonates; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Hydroxylation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mice; Microsomes, Liver; Nitriles; Toluidines | 2007 |
Oxidative bioactivation and toxicity of leflunomide in immortalized human hepatocytes and kinetics of the non-enzymatic conversion to its major metabolite, A77 1726.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Antirheumatic Agents; Cells, Cultured; Chromatography, Liquid; Crotonates; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Half-Life; Hepatocytes; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Oxidation-Reduction; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Time Factors; Toluidines; Toxicity Tests | 2008 |
[Leflunomide and Lyell syndrome].
Topics: Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Seizures; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome | 2009 |
Accelerative effect of leflunomide on recovery from hepatic fibrosis involves TRAIL-mediated hepatic stellate cell apoptosis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Apoptosis; Blotting, Western; Cell Proliferation; Culture Media, Conditioned; Hepatic Stellate Cells; Isoxazoles; Kupffer Cells; Leflunomide; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental; Male; NF-kappa B; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand | 2009 |
A 50-year-old man with stage 2 sarcoidosis with pleural involvement.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Dyspnea; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung; Male; Middle Aged; Pleural Diseases; Pleural Effusion; Prednisone; Sarcoidosis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
The effects of PDTC plus leflunomide and cyclosporine on the NF-kappaB signaling pathway in mouse-to-rat cardiac xenografts.
Topics: Animals; Cyclosporine; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mice; NF-kappa B; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Signal Transduction; Thiocarbamates; Transplantation, Heterologous | 2009 |
Successful treatment of multicentric reticulohistiocytosis with leflunomide.
Topics: Aged; Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Prednisolone; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
Polyoma BK virus-associated nephropathy in kidney-transplant patients: Effects of leflunomide on T-cell functions and disease outcome.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antigens, CD; BK Virus; Cell Proliferation; Disease Progression; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Graft Rejection; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-2; Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Mycophenolic Acid; Nephritis; Polyomavirus Infections; Receptors, Transferrin; T-Lymphocytes; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2009 |
Pharmacological treatment (biotherapy excluded) of peripheral psoriatic arthritis: development of recommendations for clinical practice based on data from the literature and experts opinion.
Topics: Advisory Committees; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Azathioprine; Evidence-Based Medicine; Expert Testimony; Follow-Up Studies; Glucocorticoids; Hospitals, Teaching; Humans; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Placebos; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic | 2009 |
Sensitization of human hepatic stellate cells to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced apoptosis by leflunomide.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Apoptosis; Blotting, Western; Caspases; Cell Line; Crotonates; Hepatic Stellate Cells; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Leflunomide; Liver Cirrhosis; NF-kappa B; Nitriles; Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Recombinant Proteins; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; Toluidines | 2009 |
Leflunomide-induced polymyositis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Alanine Transaminase; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Muscle, Skeletal; Polymyositis; Prednisolone; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
Cutaneous ulceration induced by leflunomide in a psoriatic patient.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Breast; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Psoriasis; Skin; Skin Ulcer | 2009 |
The effect of Malononitrilamides (FK778) on phenotypic properties of human peripheral dendritic cells.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Alkynes; Antigens, CD; Cell Differentiation; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Dendritic Cells; Flow Cytometry; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Phenotype; Reference Values; Sirolimus | 2009 |
Leflunomide and the lung.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases | 2009 |
Leflunomide treatment in elderly patients with rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis: retrospective analysis of safety and adherence to treatment.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Italy; Leflunomide; Male; Medication Adherence; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Survival Rate; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
Prevalence of positive ppd in a cohort of rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Argentina; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biological Products; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Latent Tuberculosis; Leflunomide; Logistic Models; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Predictive Value of Tests; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Steroids; Treatment Outcome; Tuberculin Test; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2010 |
Abatacept as an option therapy in difficult to treat psoriatic arthritis.
Topics: Abatacept; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Resistance; Female; Hepatitis; Humans; Immunoconjugates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoniazid; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Leg; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; Skin; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2010 |
Investigation of the influence of CYP1A2 and CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism on 2-Cyano-3-hydroxy-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-butenamide (A77 1726) pharmacokinetics in leflunomide-treated patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aniline Compounds; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Crotonates; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Nitriles; Polymorphism, Genetic; Synovial Membrane; Toluidines | 2009 |
Long-term efficacy of leflunomide on disease activity and inhibition of joint damage: retrospective comparison with methotrexate for Japanese rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Blood Sedimentation; Chi-Square Distribution; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Finger Joint; Humans; Isoxazoles; Japan; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Radiography; Retrospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Statistics, Nonparametric; Toe Joint; Treatment Outcome; Wrist Joint | 2009 |
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase polymorphism influences the toxicity of leflunomide treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Polymorphism, Genetic | 2009 |
Synthesis and immunomodulation of human lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine (interferon-gamma) production of four novel malonitrilamides.
Topics: Amides; Cell Proliferation; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interferon-gamma; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes; Nitriles | 2009 |
Factors associated with fatal outcome of leflunomide-induced lung injury in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Aged; Aniline Compounds; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; C-Reactive Protein; Crotonates; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Hypoxia; Isoxazoles; Japan; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Lung Injury; Male; Middle Aged; Nitriles; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; Prognosis; Respiration, Artificial; Risk Factors; Serum Albumin; Toluidines | 2009 |
Leflunomide for the successful management of juvenile Cogan's syndrome.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Blood Sedimentation; Child; Cogan Syndrome; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methylprednisolone; Prednisolone; Remission Induction; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
Successful treatment of idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease with leflunomide: a case report.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Oculomotor Muscles; Orbital Pseudotumor | 2009 |
Immunosuppressants: JC virus encephalopathy. Rare but fatal.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antineoplastic Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; JC Virus; Leflunomide; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal; Mycophenolic Acid; Natalizumab; Rituximab; Sirolimus; Tacrolimus | 2009 |
Microarray analysis of Leflunomide-induced limb malformations in CD-1 mice.
Topics: Animals; Cell Division; Cholesterol; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Gestational Age; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Limb Buds; Limb Deformities, Congenital; Mesoderm; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Mitotic Index; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Pregnancy; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction | 2010 |
[Financial cost of early rheumatoid arthritis in the first year of medical attention: three clinical scenarios in a third-tier university hospital in Colombia].
Topics: Adalimumab; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Protocols; Colombia; Diagnostic Services; Direct Service Costs; Disease Management; Drug Costs; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Health Care Costs; Hospital Costs; Hospitals, University; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Meloxicam; Methotrexate; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sulfasalazine; Thiazines; Thiazoles | 2009 |
Leflunomide: is a new oral agent in treatment of acute pancreatitis?
Topics: Administration, Oral; Amylases; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Malondialdehyde; Neutrophil Infiltration; Nitric Oxide; Pancreas; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing; Peroxidase; Pulmonary Edema; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Severity of Illness Index; Taurocholic Acid | 2010 |
Jessner-Kanof disease induced by leflunomide: a dermal variant of cutaneous lupus?
Topics: Antibodies, Antinuclear; Antirheumatic Agents; Chloroquine; Female; Gold; Humans; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome | 2011 |
Pseudo-pseudo Meigs syndrome developed under the leflunomide therapy.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; CA-125 Antigen; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Meigs Syndrome; Middle Aged | 2011 |
[Hepatotoxicity induced by new immunosuppressants].
Topics: Azathioprine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cyclosporine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2010 |
Leflunomide in the treatment of palmoplantar pustulosis.
Topics: Adult; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Psoriasis; Risk Assessment; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
[Security of the combined treatment of methotrexate and leflunomide in patients with rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Administration, Oral; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epidemiologic Methods; Female; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome | 2007 |
Inhibition of polyomavirus BK-specific T-Cell responses by immunosuppressive drugs.
Topics: Adult; Aged; BK Virus; Cyclosporine; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interferon-gamma; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Mycophenolic Acid; Polyomavirus Infections; Reference Values; T-Lymphocytes; Tacrolimus | 2009 |
Leflunomide inhibition of BK virus replication in renal tubular epithelial cells.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Cells, Cultured; Crotonates; DNA Replication; Epithelial Cells; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Kidney Tubules; Leflunomide; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Nitriles; Toluidines; Viral Load; Viral Structural Proteins; Virus Assembly; Virus Replication | 2010 |
Successful treatment of leflunomide-induced acute pneumonitis with cholestyramine wash-out therapy.
Topics: Adult; Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic; Anion Exchange Resins; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cholestyramine Resin; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial | 2009 |
Rituximab and concomitant leflunomide for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Recurrence; Retrospective Studies; Rituximab; Severity of Illness Index; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2010 |
Severe aplastic anaemia following leflunomide therapy.
Topics: Adult; Anemia, Aplastic; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2010 |
Disseminated cutaneous and visceral Kaposi sarcoma in a woman with rheumatoid arthritis receiving leflunomide.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Sarcoma, Kaposi | 2012 |
Identification of a novel Raf-1 pathway activator that inhibits gastrointestinal carcinoid cell growth.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Cycle; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Chromogranin A; Crotonates; Enzyme Activation; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Neoplasm Transplantation; Nitriles; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; Serotonin; Toluidines | 2010 |
Efficacy of leflunomide for treatment of immune-mediated polyarthritis in dogs: 14 cases (2006-2008).
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis; Autoimmune Diseases; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Retrospective Studies | 2010 |
Effect of leflunomide on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Catalase; Disease Models, Animal; Hepatectomy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Liver Diseases; Liver Regeneration; Malondialdehyde; Nitric Oxide; Oxidative Stress; Peroxidase; Protein Carbonylation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Treatment Outcome | 2010 |
Leflunomide induces immunosuppression in collagen-induced arthritis rats by upregulating CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Arthritis, Experimental; Cattle; CD4 Antigens; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory; Up-Regulation | 2010 |
Birth outcomes in women who have taken leflunomide during pregnancy.
Topics: Adult; Anticholesteremic Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Birth Weight; Body Size; Cholestyramine Resin; Congenital Abnormalities; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Linear Models; Multivariate Analysis; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Risk Factors | 2010 |
HRCT-proven leflunomide pneumonitis in a patient with psoriatic arthritis and normal lung function tests and chest radiography.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Middle Aged; Radiographic Image Enhancement; Respiratory Function Tests; Tomography, X-Ray Computed | 2010 |
A rapid and simple high-performance liquid chromatography assay for the leflunomide metabolite, teriflunomide (A77 1726), in renal transplant recipients.
Topics: BK Virus; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Crotonates; Drug Monitoring; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Mass Spectrometry; Nitriles; Polyomavirus Infections; Regression Analysis; Toluidines | 2010 |
Peritonitis-induced peroxynitrite and lung damage depends on c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase signaling of hematopoietic cells.
Topics: Animals; Anthracenes; Blotting, Western; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Disease Models, Animal; Hematopoiesis; Isoxazoles; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Leflunomide; Lung Injury; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Myeloid Cells; NF-kappa B; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Peritonitis; Peroxynitrous Acid; Rhodamines; Signal Transduction; Transcription Factor AP-1 | 2010 |
Adherence to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and the effects of exposure misclassification on the risk of hospital admission.
Topics: Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cohort Studies; Drug Administration Schedule; Episode of Care; Female; Glucocorticoids; Hospitalization; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Patient Compliance; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; Retrospective Studies; Tennessee | 2010 |
Rituximab and leflunomide for Wegener's granulomatosis: a long-term follow-up.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antirheumatic Agents; Follow-Up Studies; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Remission Induction; Rituximab; Treatment Outcome | 2011 |
Inflammatory gene profile in early rheumatoid arthritis and modulation by leflunomide and prednisone treatment.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Case-Control Studies; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Inflammation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Male; Microarray Analysis; Middle Aged; Prednisone; RNA, Messenger; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2010 |
Estrogens interfere with leflunomide modulation of cytokine production by human activated monocytes.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Blotting, Western; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Crotonates; Cytokines; Drug Interactions; Estradiol; Estrogens; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunohistochemistry; Interleukin-6; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Macrophages; Monocytes; Nitriles; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Toluidines; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2010 |
Comment on: Factors associated with fatal outcome of leflunomide-induced lung injury in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Asian People; Cause of Death; Humans; Isoxazoles; Japan; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Lung Injury; Risk Factors | 2010 |
Maternal exposure to leflunomide and methotrexate in a patient with adult-onset Still's disease.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Cesarean Section; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Pregnancy; Still's Disease, Adult-Onset; Young Adult | 2010 |
Effectiveness of leflunomide in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis in clinical practice.
Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Health Status; Humans; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Male; Pain Measurement; Quality of Life; Remission Induction; Retrospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Outcome | 2010 |
Leflunomide in combination therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Australia; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Infections; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; New Zealand; Pancytopenia; Pneumonia | 2010 |
Leflunomide derivate FK 778 in accelerated renal injury in transgenic rat.
Topics: Alkynes; Animals; Blood Pressure; Disease Models, Animal; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Leflunomide; Male; Nitriles; Placebos; Rats; Rats, Transgenic; Reperfusion Injury | 2010 |
Survivin is regulated by interleukin-4 in colon cancer stem cells.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Colorectal Neoplasms; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; Interleukin-4; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Organoplatinum Compounds; Oxaliplatin; Phosphorylation; Protein Transport; Staining and Labeling; STAT6 Transcription Factor; Survivin | 2010 |
Healing of erosive disease in multicentric reticulohistiocytosis.
Topics: Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Finger Joint; Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Joint Diseases; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Prednisone; Radiography; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Remission Induction; Wound Healing | 2010 |
Leflunomide: a small step forward in meeting the urgent need for treatment of drug-resistant cytomegalovirus infection.
Topics: Algorithms; Antiviral Agents; Benzimidazoles; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Drug Resistance, Viral; Ganciclovir; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Ribonucleosides; Stem Cell Transplantation; Transplantation Immunology | 2010 |
Teriflunomide (leflunomide) promotes cytostatic, antioxidant, and apoptotic effects in transformed prostate epithelial cells: evidence supporting a role for teriflunomide in prostate cancer chemoprevention.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Caspases; Cell Line, Transformed; Cytochromes c; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epithelial Cells; Flow Cytometry; Humans; Immunoblotting; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mitochondria; Oxygen Consumption; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Reactive Oxygen Species; Time Factors; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 2010 |
Pyrimidine biosynthesis links mitochondrial respiration to the p53 pathway.
Topics: Apoptosis; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Respiration; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Electron Transport Complex III; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Methacrylates; Mitochondria; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Potassium Cyanide; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Pyrimidines; Quinone Reductases; Reactive Oxygen Species; Signal Transduction; Thiazoles; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Up-Regulation | 2010 |
Pharmacotherapy: Is there a place for leflunomide in the treatment of RA?
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2010 |
Macrophage activation syndrome after leflunomide treatment in an adult rheumatoid arthritis patient.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Macrophage Activation Syndrome; Male; Middle Aged | 2010 |
Chromatographic separation and sensitive determination of teriflunomide, an active metabolite of leflunomide in human plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
Topics: Acetates; Adult; Chromatography, Liquid; Crotonates; Drug Stability; High-Throughput Screening Assays; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Least-Squares Analysis; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Nitriles; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Therapeutic Equivalency; Toluidines | 2010 |
[Combined therapy in a patient with generalized aggressive periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis: a 15-year follow up case].
Topics: Adult; Aggressive Periodontitis; Anti-Infective Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Dental Scaling; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Metronidazole; Periodontal Splints; Root Canal Therapy; Spiramycin | 2010 |
Utility of leflunomide in the treatment of complex cytomegalovirus syndromes.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Ganciclovir; Heart Transplantation; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Transplantation; Off-Label Use; Organ Transplantation; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Viral Load | 2010 |
A comparison of an interferon-gamma release assay and tuberculin skin test in refractory inflammatory disease patients screened for latent tuberculosis prior to the initiation of a first tumor necrosis factor α inhibitor.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Biological Assay; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Interferon-gamma; Isoxazoles; Latent Tuberculosis; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Tuberculin Test; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2011 |
Renal failure five years after lung transplantation due to polyomavirus BK-associated nephropathy.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Cidofovir; Cytosine; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Leflunomide; Lung Transplantation; Male; Middle Aged; Mycophenolic Acid; Organophosphonates; Polyomavirus Infections; Prednisone; Renal Insufficiency; Tacrolimus; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases | 2010 |
Detection and evaluation of a drug safety signal concerning pancreatic cancer: lessons from a joint approach of three European biologics registers.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biological Products; Biomarkers; Cohort Studies; Female; Germany; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Registries; Risk Factors; Sweden; United Kingdom; White People | 2011 |
The anti-inflammatory drug leflunomide is an agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Base Sequence; Cell Line; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; DNA Primers; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Genes, Reporter; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Ligands; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; Regeneration; Zebrafish | 2010 |
Effect of ABCG2 genotypes on the pharmacokinetics of A771726, an active metabolite of prodrug leflunomide, and association of A771726 exposure with serum uric acid level.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Crotonates; Genotype; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Neoplasm Proteins; Nitriles; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Prodrugs; Protein Transport; Toluidines; Uric Acid | 2011 |
[Rituximab in the treatment of acquired haemophilia A in a patient with polymyalgia rheumatica].
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Cyclophosphamide; Hemophilia A; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Polymyalgia Rheumatica; Prednisone; Rituximab; Treatment Outcome | 2010 |
Elucidation of a novel bioactivation pathway of a 3,4-unsubstituted isoxazole in human liver microsomes: formation of a glutathione adduct of a cyanoacrolein derivative after isoxazole ring opening.
Topics: Acrolein; Biotransformation; Catalysis; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Glutathione; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mass Spectrometry; Microsomes, Liver; Molecular Structure; Zonisamide | 2011 |
Anti-BK virus mechanisms of sirolimus and leflunomide alone and in combination: toward a new therapy for BK virus infection.
Topics: Antigens, Viral; Antigens, Viral, Tumor; Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Cell Line; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epithelial Cells; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Kidney Tubules; Leflunomide; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polyomavirus Infections; Signal Transduction; Sirolimus; Transplantation Immunology | 2010 |
1,2,5-Oxadiazole analogues of leflunomide and related compounds.
Topics: Animals; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Models, Molecular; Oxadiazoles; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Protein Conformation; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2011 |
Therapeutic effect of leflunomide on the development of experimental lupus nephritis in mice.
Topics: Animals; Antigen-Antibody Complex; Ascites; Cell Proliferation; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Graft vs Host Disease; Immunity, Innate; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Longevity; Lupus Nephritis; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Signal Transduction; Spleen; Toll-Like Receptor 9 | 2012 |
Value of the small cohort study including a physical examination for minor structural defects in identifying new human teratogens.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Anticonvulsants; Antidepressive Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Carbamazepine; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Female; Fever; Fluoxetine; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Maternal Exposure; Neural Tube Defects; Physical Examination; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies; Research Design; Teratogens; Tretinoin | 2011 |
Causes of DMARD withdrawal following ADR within 6 months of initiation among Indian rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Female; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; India; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Sulfasalazine; Time Factors | 2012 |
The effect of ESR1 and ESR2 gene polymorphisms on the outcome of rheumatoid arthritis treatment with leflunomide.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Estrogen Receptor alpha; Estrogen Receptor beta; Female; Genotype; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Treatment Outcome | 2011 |
Interstitial lung diseases after leflunomide use in nephropathy: an analysis of reported cases in Chinese literature.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Child; China; Female; Humans; IgA Vasculitis; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Male; Middle Aged; Nephrotic Syndrome; Prognosis; Survival Rate; Young Adult | 2011 |
Leflunomide use in a cytomegalovirus infection of a patient with dermatomyositis.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Dermatomyositis; Female; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Opportunistic Infections; Treatment Outcome | 2012 |
Activities of different classes of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates against BK virus in primary human renal cells.
Topics: BK Virus; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; Cidofovir; Cytarabine; Cytosine; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Nucleosides; Organophosphonates; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Vidarabine | 2011 |
[Active psoriatic arthritis during pregnancy: challenges and limitations of pharmacotherapy].
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Contraindications; Cyclosporine; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Prednisolone; Prednisone; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Sulfasalazine | 2010 |
Treatment strategies aiming at remission in early rheumatoid arthritis patients: starting with methotrexate monotherapy is cost-effective.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cohort Studies; Cost of Illness; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Drug Costs; Drug Therapy, Combination; Early Diagnosis; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Markov Chains; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Netherlands; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2011 |
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms and severe involvement of digestive tract: description of two cases.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Antirheumatic Agents; Colitis, Ulcerative; Drug Eruptions; Eosinophilia; Esophagitis; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Lamotrigine; Leflunomide; Treatment Outcome; Triazines | 2011 |
DHODH modulates transcriptional elongation in the neural crest and melanoma.
Topics: Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Lineage; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Genes, p53; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Melanoma; Mice; Neural Crest; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; Rats; Stem Cells; Transcription, Genetic; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; Zebrafish | 2011 |
Intensive polyoma virus nephropathy treatment as a preferable approach for graft surveillance.
Topics: Adult; Antiviral Agents; Cidofovir; Cytosine; Female; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Organophosphonates; Polyomavirus Infections; Tacrolimus | 2011 |
Hepatic cytochrome P450s attenuate the cytotoxicity induced by leflunomide and its active metabolite A77 1726 in primary cultured rat hepatocytes.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Benzoflavones; Biomarkers; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Crotonates; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Hepatocytes; Hydroxybutyrates; Inactivation, Metabolic; Isoxazoles; Ketoconazole; Leflunomide; Liver; Male; Nitriles; Primary Cell Culture; Proadifen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Ticlopidine; Toluidines; Triazoles | 2011 |
Inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus in vitro and in vivo by the immunosuppressive agent leflunomide.
Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Bronchi; Cell Line, Tumor; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epithelial Cells; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human; Sigmodontinae; Treatment Outcome; Viral Load | 2011 |
Effectiveness and safety of leflunomide for pulmonary and extrapulmonary sarcoidosis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Sarcoidosis; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary | 2011 |
A series of complications after third molar osteotomy in a pancytopenia patient and spontaneous healing after bone marrow transplantation.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Clindamycin; Cutaneous Fistula; Dental Care for Chronically Ill; Female; Focal Infection, Dental; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mandibular Diseases; Molar, Third; Mucormycosis; Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy; Osteomyelitis; Osteotomy; Pancytopenia; Platelet Transfusion; Pneumonia; Tooth Extraction | 2011 |
[Inhibition of leflunomide active metabolite A771726 on high glucose-induced podocyte apoptosis].
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Apoptosis; Cells, Cultured; Crotonates; Glucose; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nitriles; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Podocytes; Signal Transduction; Toluidines | 2011 |
Clarithromycin inhibits interleukin-13-induced goblet cell hyperplasia in human airway cells.
Topics: Bronchi; Cell Differentiation; Clarithromycin; Enzyme Inhibitors; ErbB Receptors; Flavonoids; Goblet Cells; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring; Humans; Hyperplasia; Interleukin-13; Isoxazoles; Janus Kinases; Leflunomide; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mucin 5AC; Mucus; NF-kappa B; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Pyridines; Respiratory Mucosa; Signal Transduction; STAT6 Transcription Factor | 2011 |
3D-QSAR studies on a series of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors: analogues of the active metabolite of leflunomide.
Topics: Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Enzyme Inhibitors; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Models, Molecular; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship | 2011 |
[Recommendations on the management of psoriatic arthritis].
Topics: Analgesics; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Injections, Intra-Articular; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Sulfasalazine; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2011 |
Photodistributed eruption with rhabdomyolisis due to leflunomide.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Photosensitivity Disorders; Rhabdomyolysis; Sjogren's Syndrome | 2011 |
Leflunomide with low-dose everolimus for treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma in a renal allograft recipient.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Everolimus; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Sarcoma, Kaposi; Sirolimus; Transplantation, Homologous; Treatment Outcome | 2011 |
A case of eczematous and vesicular dermatitis during anti-TNFalpha therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Diagnostic Errors; Drug Eruptions; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eczema; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Pruritus; Psoriasis; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2011 |
Immunosuppressive effects and mechanisms of leflunomide in dengue virus infection of human dendritic cells.
Topics: Cell Differentiation; Cell Movement; Cells, Cultured; Chemokine CCL19; Chemokine CCL21; Dendritic Cells; Dengue; Dengue Virus; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Monocytes; NF-kappa B; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Receptors, CCR7; Signal Transduction; Transcription Factor AP-1; Viral Envelope Proteins | 2011 |
Comparative effectiveness of rituximab in combination with either methotrexate or leflunomide in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Rituximab; Treatment Outcome | 2011 |
Inhibiting effects of Leflunomide metabolite on overexpression of CD147, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in PMA differentiated THP-1 cells.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Basigin; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Collagenases; Crotonates; Gelatin; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Monocytes; Nitriles; RNA, Messenger; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Toluidines | 2011 |
[Treatment of rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis--review of leflunomide].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2010 |
Efficacy of leflunomide addition in relation to prognostic factors for patients with active early rheumatoid arthritis failing to methotrexate in daily practice.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Resistance; Drug Substitution; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Range of Motion, Articular; Retrospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 2012 |
Interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis: response to IL-6R blockade.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dyspnea; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Peptides, Cyclic; Radiography; Receptors, Interleukin-6; Rheumatoid Factor; Steroids | 2011 |
Effectiveness of disease-modifying antirheumatic drug co-therapy with methotrexate and leflunomide in rituximab-treated rheumatoid arthritis patients: results of a 1-year follow-up study from the CERERRA collaboration.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epidemiologic Methods; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; Rituximab; Treatment Outcome | 2012 |
Leflunomide pharmacokinetics after single oral administration to dogs.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Crotonates; Dogs; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Half-Life; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Linear Models; Nitriles; Toluidines | 2011 |
Leflunomide in clinical practice. A retrospective observational study on use of leflunomide in New Zealand.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; New Zealand; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult | 2011 |
Leflunomide is a possible deactivator for vitiligo, a pilot study.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Pilot Projects; Vitiligo | 2012 |
An aggregation sensing reporter identifies leflunomide and teriflunomide as polyglutamine aggregate inhibitors.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Cell Line; Crotonates; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Luciferases, Firefly; Molecular Sequence Data; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nitriles; Peptides; Pyrimidines; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Toluidines | 2012 |
Metabolism studies of a small-molecule tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitor, UTL-5b (GBL-5b).
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Chromatography, Liquid; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Microsomes, Liver; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2012 |
The effects of leflunomide on CD4(+)CD25 (+)Foxp3 (+) T regulatory cells in mice receiving allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Autoimmune Diseases; Bone Marrow Transplantation; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Female; Forkhead Transcription Factors; Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory | 2012 |
Leflunomide induces apoptosis in fludarabine-resistant and clinically refractory CLL cells.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aniline Compounds; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; CD40 Ligand; Cell Proliferation; Crotonates; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Interleukin-4; Isoxazoles; Janus Kinases; Leflunomide; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell; Middle Aged; Nitriles; Signal Transduction; STAT Transcription Factors; Toluidines; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Vidarabine | 2012 |
Changes in cotherapies after initiation of disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cohort Studies; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Narcotics; Retrospective Studies; Sulfasalazine; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2011 |
Formation of ionized arylamines upon electron ionization of N-aryl-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxamides: correlation with Hammett's constants and arylamine pKb's mass spectra of arylmethylisoxazolecarboxamides.
Topics: Alkynes; Amines; Ions; Isoxazoles; Kinetics; Leflunomide; Models, Molecular; Nitriles; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization | 2011 |
AHR2 mutant reveals functional diversity of aryl hydrocarbon receptors in zebrafish.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Base Sequence; Bone and Bones; Embryo, Nonmammalian; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Ligands; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; Protein Isoforms; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; RNA, Messenger; Skin; Thermodynamics; Zebrafish; Zebrafish Proteins | 2012 |
Experimental study of leflunomide on renal protective effect and on inflammatory response of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Biomarkers; Chemokine CCL2; Creatinine; Cytoprotection; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetic Nephropathies; Gene Expression Regulation; Immunohistochemistry; Immunosuppressive Agents; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Male; Nephrectomy; NF-kappa B; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2012 |
New inhibitors of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) based on the 4-hydroxy-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl (hydroxyfurazanyl) scaffold.
Topics: Animals; Biphenyl Compounds; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Enzyme Inhibitors; Halogenation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Microsomes, Liver; Mitochondria, Liver; Models, Molecular; Oxadiazoles; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2012 |
Suppressive effect of an orally active MEK1/2 inhibitor in two different animal models for rheumatoid arthritis: a comparison with leflunomide.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Experimental; Collagen Type II; Cytokines; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Interleukin-6; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lipopolysaccharides; Lymphocyte Activation; MAP Kinase Kinase 1; MAP Kinase Kinase 2; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Pyridones; Pyrimidinones; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2012 |
Leflunomide-induced pulmonary hypertension in a young woman with rheumatoid arthritis: a case report.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Ultrasonography | 2012 |
The inhibitors of nucleotide biosynthesis leflunomide, FK778, and mycophenolic acid activate hepatitis B virus replication in vitro.
Topics: Alkynes; Cells, Cultured; Enzyme Inhibitors; HEK293 Cells; Hep G2 Cells; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mycophenolic Acid; Nitriles; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Viral; Sensitivity and Specificity; Virus Replication | 2012 |
Differential drug retention between anti-TNF agents and alternative biological agents after inadequate response to an anti-TNF agent in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Topics: Abatacept; Adalimumab; Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunoconjugates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prednisone; Proportional Hazards Models; Registries; Remission Induction; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2012 |
Ritonavir-induced lipoatrophy and dyslipidaemia is reversed by the anti-inflammatory drug leflunomide in a PPAR-γ-dependent manner.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Dyslipidemias; Epididymis; Fatty Liver; HIV Protease Inhibitors; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lipodystrophy; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; PPAR gamma; Ritonavir | 2012 |
Pregnancy outcome in women exposed to leflunomide before or during pregnancy.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Antirheumatic Agents; Chondrodysplasia Punctata; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent; Ectodermal Dysplasia; Female; Heart Block; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Pierre Robin Syndrome; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Prospective Studies; Rheumatic Diseases; Spina Bifida Occulta | 2012 |
Native kidney BK virus nephropathy associated with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.
Topics: Aged; BK Virus; DNA, Viral; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Leflunomide; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell; Male; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polyomavirus Infections; Prognosis; Tumor Virus Infections | 2012 |
Short-term effect of leflunomide in patients with Takayasu arteritis: an observational study.
Topics: Adult; Blood Sedimentation; C-Reactive Protein; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Prednisone; Prospective Studies; Takayasu Arteritis; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult | 2012 |
Outcomes after anti-rheumatic drug use before and during pregnancy: a cohort study among 150,000 pregnant women and expectant fathers.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adalimumab; Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Cohort Studies; Databases, Factual; Drug Utilization Review; Etanercept; Fathers; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Mothers; Norway; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Registries; Risk Factors; Young Adult | 2012 |
Treatment of BK viremia in a pediatric heart transplant recipient.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Child; Female; Graft Rejection; Heart Transplantation; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Leflunomide; Opportunistic Infections; Tacrolimus; Treatment Outcome; Viral Load; Viremia | 2012 |
Case report: Multidrug-resistant cytomegalovirus in a modified multivisceral transplant recipient.
Topics: Adult; Antiviral Agents; Cidofovir; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Cytosine; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral; Female; Foscarnet; Ganciclovir; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intestine, Small; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Organophosphonates; Pancreas Transplantation; Recurrence; Stomach; Treatment Outcome | 2012 |
The effect of various disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs on the suppressive function of CD4⁺CD25⁺ regulatory T cells.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antigen-Presenting Cells; Antirheumatic Agents; Forkhead Transcription Factors; Humans; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Methotrexate; RNA, Messenger; Sulfasalazine; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory | 2013 |
Leflunomide efficacy and pharmacodynamics for the treatment of BK viral infection.
Topics: Adult; Aniline Compounds; Antiviral Agents; Biotransformation; BK Virus; Chi-Square Distribution; Crotonates; Drug Monitoring; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Mycophenolic Acid; Nitriles; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polyomavirus Infections; Proportional Hazards Models; Retrospective Studies; South Carolina; Toluidines; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Virus Infections; Viral Load | 2012 |
Successful treatment of acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus type 2 proctitis with leflunomide in an HIV-infected man.
Topics: Acyclovir; Adult; Antiviral Agents; Drug Resistance, Viral; Herpes Genitalis; Herpesvirus 2, Human; HIV Infections; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Proctitis; Treatment Outcome | 2012 |
Falsely decreased ionized calcium results due to analytical interference by teriflunomide, the active metabolite of leflunomide (Arava®).
Topics: Artifacts; Blood Chemical Analysis; Calcium; Crotonates; False Positive Reactions; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Toluidines | 2012 |
[Sulphasalazine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in China: a cross-sectional study].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; China; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Sulfasalazine; Surveys and Questionnaires | 2012 |
Combined use of rapamycin and leflunomide in prevention of acute cardiac allografts rejection in rats.
Topics: Animals; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-2; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Liver; Lymphocyte Count; Male; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Sirolimus | 2012 |
Immunosuppressive drugs on inducing Ag-specific CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) Treg cells during immune response in vivo.
Topics: Adoptive Transfer; Animals; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Count; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Fingolimod Hydrochloride; Forkhead Transcription Factors; Immune Tolerance; Immunity; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymph Nodes; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Mice, Transgenic; Mycophenolic Acid; Ovalbumin; Propylene Glycols; Sirolimus; Sphingosine; Spleen; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory | 2012 |
An unusual case of DRESS syndrome due to leflunomide.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Candidiasis, Oral; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Eruptions; Eosinophilia; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Syndrome | 2011 |
Progressive multifocal leuko-encephalopathy after ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation.
Topics: ABO Blood-Group System; Blood Group Incompatibility; Glomerulonephritis, IGA; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal; Paresis; Renal Insufficiency; Risk; Treatment Outcome; Virus Diseases | 2012 |
Synthesis and immunomodulation of human lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine (interferon-γ) production of four novel leflunomide analogues.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cyclosporine; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Interferon-gamma; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2012 |
Inhibitory effect of the antimalarial agent artesunate on collagen-induced arthritis in rats through nuclear factor kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
Topics: Animals; Antimalarials; Antirheumatic Agents; Artemisinins; Artesunate; Arthritis, Experimental; Arthrography; Cartilage, Articular; Female; Hindlimb; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; MAP Kinase Signaling System; NF-kappa B; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Severity of Illness Index | 2013 |
Anti-signal recognition particle-positive juvenile polymyositis successfully treated with rituximab.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Child; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Muscle, Skeletal; Polymyositis; Rituximab; Signal Recognition Particle; Treatment Outcome | 2012 |
A case of severe staphylococcal septicaemia: septic arthritis and a mediastinal abscess following leflunamide therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Abscess; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arthritis, Infectious; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Bacteremia; Drainage; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Risk Assessment; Severity of Illness Index; Streptococcal Infections; Treatment Outcome | 2010 |
Polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 2C19 enzyme and cessation of leflunomide in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cohort Studies; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; Diarrhea; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Retrospective Studies; Withholding Treatment | 2012 |
Risk factors of severe infections in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with leflunomide.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Bacterial Infections; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors | 2013 |
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor mediates leflunomide-induced growth inhibition of melanoma cells.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Crotonates; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Fluoresceins; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Melanoma; Nitriles; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; Signal Transduction; Succinimides; Toluidines; Uridine | 2012 |
A vasculitis centre based management strategy leads to improved outcome in eosinophilic granulomatosis and polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss, EGPA): monocentric experiences in 150 patients.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azathioprine; Churg-Strauss Syndrome; Cohort Studies; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prednisolone; Remission Induction; Retrospective Studies; Secondary Prevention; Treatment Outcome | 2013 |
Efficacy and tolerability of leflunomide in difficult-to-treat polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis: a case series.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Case-Control Studies; Female; Giant Cell Arteritis; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Polymyalgia Rheumatica; Prospective Studies; Recurrence; Treatment Outcome | 2012 |
Tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor-induced hepatic injury in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: two case reports and an analysis of the laboratory data from the Slovenian national biologicals registry.
Topics: Adalimumab; Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biological Products; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Methylprednisolone; Registries; Slovenia; Sulfasalazine; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2013 |
Pulmonary aspergillosis in chronic leflunomide treatment.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung; Pulmonary Aspergillosis; Radiography, Thoracic | 2012 |
Conversion from tacrolimus/mycophenolic acid to tacrolimus/leflunomide to treat cutaneous warts in a series of four pediatric renal allograft recipients.
Topics: Adolescent; Antiviral Agents; Child; Drug Substitution; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Molluscum Contagiosum; Mycophenolic Acid; Skin Diseases, Viral; Tacrolimus; Treatment Outcome; Warts | 2012 |
Association of DHODH haplotype variants and response to leflunomide treatment in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Female; Haplotypes; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Young Adult | 2012 |
Leflunomide in systemic onset Juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male | 2012 |
Leflunomide in psoriatic arthritis: results from a large European prospective observational study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Europe; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult | 2013 |
Treatment of early rheumatoid arthritis in a multinational inception cohort of Latin American patients: the GLADAR experience.
Topics: Adult; Antimalarials; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cohort Studies; Disease Management; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Isoxazoles; Latin America; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Registries; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome | 2012 |
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist, leflunomide, protects the ischemic-reperfused kidney: role of Tregs and stem cells.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cytokines; Gene Expression Regulation; Inflammation; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; Reperfusion Injury; Stem Cells; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory | 2012 |
Leflunomide increases the risk of silent liver fibrosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving methotrexate.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Elasticity Imaging Techniques; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Risk Factors | 2012 |
Leflunomide addition in patients with articular manifestations of psoriatic arthritis resistant to methotrexate.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Retreatment; Retrospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 2013 |
[Anti-rheumatic drugs].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Cysteine; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Infections; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Leflunomide; Liver Neoplasms; Lung Diseases; Methotrexate | 2012 |
Matrix to predict rapid radiographic progression of early rheumatoid arthritis patients from the community treated with methotrexate or leflunomide: results from the ESPOIR cohort.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoantibodies; C-Reactive Protein; Cohort Studies; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Logistic Models; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Peptides, Cyclic; Prognosis; Radiography | 2012 |
Leflunomide in dialysis patients with rheumatoid arthritis--a pharmacokinetic study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Crotonates; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Models, Biological; Nitriles; Renal Dialysis; Retrospective Studies; Toluidines | 2013 |
Palmoplantar pustulosis.
Topics: Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Psoriasis; Risk Assessment; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome | 2013 |
Therapeutic efficacy and safety of methotrexate + leflunomide in Colombian patients with active rheumatoid arthritis refractory to conventional treatment.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Child; Colombia; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Young Adult | 2012 |
[Leflunomide and TNF inhibitors. Experiences from precription recourse proceedings].
Topics: Adalimumab; Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Disease Progression; Drug Costs; Drug Therapy, Combination; Evidence-Based Medicine; Expert Testimony; Female; Humans; Insurance Coverage; Insurance, Pharmaceutical Services; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; National Health Programs; Off-Label Use; Prednisolone; Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors | 2013 |
A predictive model for remission and low disease activity in patients with established rheumatoid arthritis receiving TNF blockers.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; C-Reactive Protein; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Odds Ratio; Prednisolone; Prospective Studies; Remission Induction; Rheumatoid Factor; Surveys and Questionnaires; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2013 |
The SMILE study -- safety of methotrexate in combination with leflunomide in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Australia; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome | 2013 |
Combination of MTX and LEF attenuates inflammatory bone erosion by down-regulation of receptor activator of NF-kB ligand and interleukin-17 in type II collagen-induced arthritis rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis, Experimental; Bone and Bones; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Collagen Type II; Down-Regulation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fibroblasts; Humans; Interleukin-17; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Osteoprotegerin; RANK Ligand; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synovial Membrane; Time Factors | 2013 |
Leflunomide inhibits the apoptosis of human embryonic lung fibroblasts infected by human cytomegalovirus.
Topics: Apoptosis; Cell Proliferation; Cell Shape; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Embryo, Mammalian; Fibroblasts; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung; Time Factors | 2013 |
A biologic pharmacosurveillance program for rheumatoid arthritis: a single-center experience.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Alberta; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Databases, Factual; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; Registries; Remission Induction; Severity of Illness Index | 2013 |
Leflunomide-induced chronic cough in a rheumatoid arthritis patient with pulmonary tuberculosis.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antitubercular Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cough; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary | 2013 |
Efficacy and safety of leflunomide for the treatment of BK virus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients.
Topics: Adult; BK Virus; Cystitis; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Hemorrhage; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Polyomavirus Infections; Tumor Virus Infections; Viral Load; Young Adult | 2013 |
Leflunomide for inflammatory arthritis in end-stage renal disease on peritoneal dialysis: a pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic study.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Leflunomide; Male; Neoplasm Proteins; Peritoneal Dialysis; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide | 2013 |
Efficacy and safety of leflunomide in treatment of steroid-dependent and steroid-resistant adult onset minimal change disease.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Drug Resistance; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Nephrosis, Lipoid; Retrospective Studies; Steroids; Young Adult | 2013 |
Amelioration of experimental autoimmune uveitis by leflunomide in Lewis rats.
Topics: Animals; Autoimmune Diseases; Chemokines; Disease Models, Animal; Eye; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-17; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Retina; Retinol-Binding Proteins; RNA, Messenger; Th17 Cells; Uveitis | 2013 |
Total and free plasma concentrations of the active metabolite of leflunomide in relation to therapeutic outcome in kidney transplant recipients with BK-virus nephropathy.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Polyomavirus Infections; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult | 2013 |
Leflunomide discontinuation in rheumatoid arthritis and influence of associated disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs: a survival analysis.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Isoxazoles; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Leflunomide; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Withholding Treatment | 2013 |
B cell homeostasis is disturbed by immunosuppressive therapies in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitides.
Topics: Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Azathioprine; B-Lymphocyte Subsets; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Homeostasis; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Count; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Mycophenolic Acid; Rituximab | 2013 |
[Effects of leflunomide on high glucose-induced podocyte cytoskeleton and its mechanism].
Topics: Cells, Cultured; Cytoskeleton; Glucose; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Podocytes; Signal Transduction; Transcription Factor RelA | 2013 |
Leflunomide suppresses growth in human medullary thyroid cancer cells.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors; Biomarkers; Carcinoma, Medullary; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Chromogranin A; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Down-Regulation; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Thyroid Neoplasms | 2013 |
Leflunomide, a valid and safe drug for the treatment of chronic anterior uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Retrospective Studies; Uveitis, Anterior | 2013 |
Anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in use of methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide and biological drugs.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Anxiety; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Comorbidity; Depression; Female; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Suicidal Ideation | 2013 |
Long-term suppression of multidrug-resistant cytomegalovirus retinitis with systemically administered leflunomide.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Retinitis; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Viremia | 2013 |
Leflunomide: psoriasis, lupus.
Topics: Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous; Psoriasis | 2013 |
[The conversion of hypothyroidism into hyperthyroidism during leflunomide with povidone iodine treatment of rheumatoid arthritis].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Combinations; Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Povidone-Iodine | 2013 |
Use of leflunomide plus TNF-α inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2013 |
Leflunomide plus oral prednisone in treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy: a retrospective clinical study of efficacy and safety.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biopsy; China; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous; Glucocorticoids; Hospitals, University; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Odds Ratio; Prednisone; Proteinuria; Recurrence; Remission Induction; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult | 2013 |
Development of an algorithm for identifying rheumatoid arthritis in the Korean National Health Insurance claims database.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Algorithms; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biological Products; Clinical Coding; Databases, Factual; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Insurance Claim Reporting; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; National Health Programs; Reproducibility of Results; Republic of Korea; Young Adult | 2013 |
Reduced numbers of regulatory B cells are negatively correlated with disease activity in patients with new-onset rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibodies; Antigens, CD1d; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; B-Lymphocytes, Regulatory; Blood Sedimentation; C-Reactive Protein; Case-Control Studies; CD4 Antigens; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Separation; Female; Flow Cytometry; Forkhead Transcription Factors; Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1; Humans; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Membrane Glycoproteins; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Peptides, Cyclic; Plant Extracts; Receptors, Virus | 2014 |
Successful treatment of recalcitrant eczematous dermatitis with leflunomide.
Topics: Eczema; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Foot Dermatoses; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged | 2013 |
[BK virus infections in pediatric kidney transplant recipients].
Topics: Adolescent; Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Child; Cidofovir; Cytosine; DNA, Viral; Female; Graft Rejection; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Organophosphonates; Polyomavirus Infections; Tumor Virus Infections; Turkey | 2013 |
Leflunomide reduces proliferation and induces apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, SCID; Neuroblastoma; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; S Phase; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays | 2013 |
Multiple eruptive keratoacanthomas associated with leflunomide.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Drug Eruptions; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Keratoacanthoma; Leflunomide; Skin Neoplasms | 2013 |
Leflunomide as a corticosteroid-sparing agent in giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica: a case series.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Aged; Female; Giant Cell Arteritis; Giant Cells; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Polymyalgia Rheumatica | 2013 |
A novel disease-modifying antirheumatic drug, iguratimod, ameliorates murine arthritis by blocking IL-17 signaling, distinct from methotrexate and leflunomide.
Topics: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Experimental; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chromones; Collagen; I-kappa B Kinase; Inflammation; Interleukin-17; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Mice; Mice, Inbred DBA; Phosphorylation; Signal Transduction; Sulfonamides; Synovial Membrane; TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 5 | 2013 |
[Effects of leflunomide on podocytes exposed to high glucose condition and its mechanism].
Topics: Cells, Cultured; Glucose; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Podocytes; Sialoglycoproteins; Transcription Factor RelA | 2013 |
Leflunomide in addition to steroids improves proteinuria and renal function in adult Henoch-Schoenlein nephritis with nephrotic proteinuria.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; IgA Vasculitis; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Nephrosis; Proteinuria; Retrospective Studies | 2014 |
Combining radiotherapy with MEK1/2, STAT5 or STAT6 inhibition reduces survival of head and neck cancer lines.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Butadienes; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Chemoradiotherapy; Dasatinib; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Imidazoles; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; MAP Kinase Kinase 1; MAP Kinase Kinase 2; Nitriles; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Pyridines; Pyrimidines; Radiation Tolerance; STAT5 Transcription Factor; STAT6 Transcription Factor; Thiazoles; Tumor Suppressor Proteins | 2013 |
Periodontitis and etanercept discontinuation risk in anti-tumor necrosis factor-naive rheumatoid arthritis patients: a nationwide population-based cohort study.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Comorbidity; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Periodontitis; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Sulfasalazine; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2013 |
The hypouricemiant effect of leflunomide.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Uric Acid | 2014 |
Targeting different angiogenic pathways with combination of curcumin, leflunomide and perindopril inhibits diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in mice.
Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Carcinogens; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Curcumin; Diethylnitrosamine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Mice; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Perindopril; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A | 2014 |
RAISE - rheumatoid arthritis independent Swiss treatment expectations and outcome: results for the abatacept subpopulation.
Topics: Abatacept; Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cohort Studies; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunoconjugates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Switzerland; Treatment Outcome | 2013 |
A longterm prospective real-life experience with leflunomide in juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Topics: Adolescent; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Health Status; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Prospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Outcome | 2014 |
Use of contraception by women treated with leflunomide due to rheumatic arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Case-Control Studies; Contraception; Contraception Behavior; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Rheumatic Fever; Teratogens | 2014 |
Chronicity of rheumatoid arthritis affects the responsiveness of physical function, but not of disease activity measures in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials.
Topics: Adalimumab; Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Progression; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2015 |
[Acute sensory-motor axonal neuropathy (Guillain-Barre syndrome) following vertebroplasty].
Topics: Accidental Falls; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Guillain-Barre Syndrome; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Osteoporosis; Postoperative Complications; Prednisone; Spinal Fractures; Thoracic Vertebrae; Vertebroplasty | 2014 |
Leflunomide as a rescue treatment in ganciclovir-resistant cytomegalovirus infection in a seronegative renal transplant recipient--a case report.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Drug Resistance, Viral; Ganciclovir; Graft Rejection; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunoglobulins; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Salvage Therapy; Treatment Outcome; Viral Load | 2014 |
Protective effect of leflunomide against oxidative intestinal injury in a rodent model of sepsis.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antioxidants; Biomarkers; Catalase; Cecum; Disease Models, Animal; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Malondialdehyde; Multiple Organ Failure; Nitric Oxide; Oxidative Stress; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sepsis; Superoxide Dismutase | 2014 |
A novel treatment regimen for BK viremia.
Topics: Adolescent; BK Virus; Child; Ciprofloxacin; Female; Fluoroquinolones; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; Polyomavirus Infections; Renal Insufficiency; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Virus Infections; Viremia | 2014 |
Immunosuppressive agent leflunomide: a SWNTs-immobilized dihydroortate dehydrogenase inhibitory effect and computational study of its adsorption properties on zigzag single walled (6,0) carbon and boron nitride nanotubes as controlled drug delivery device
Topics: Adsorption; Boron Compounds; Carbon; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Drug Delivery Systems; Enzymes, Immobilized; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Nanotubes; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors | 2014 |
The effect of leflunomide on the eye dryness in secondary Sjögren's syndrome associated with rheumatoid arthritis and in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Corneal Ulcer; Dry Eye Syndromes; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Models, Statistical; Severity of Illness Index; Sjogren's Syndrome; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult | 2014 |
Five cases of interstitial lung disease after leflunomide was combined with methotrexate therapy.
Topics: Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Finland; Humans; Incidence; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Risk Assessment; Sampling Studies; Survival Rate | 2014 |
Sustainability of rituximab therapy in different treatment strategies: results of a 3-year followup of a German biologics register.
Topics: Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Germany; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Registries; Retrospective Studies; Rituximab; Treatment Outcome | 2014 |
Resolvin D1 promotes the interleukin-4-induced alternative activation in BV-2 microglial cells.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arginase; Cell Line, Transformed; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Doxorubicin; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; Interleukin-4; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Microglia; Phosphorylation; PPAR gamma; Signal Transduction; STAT6 Transcription Factor | 2014 |
Striking leflunomide efficacy against refractory cutaneous sarcoidosis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Sarcoidosis; Skin Diseases | 2014 |
Is there a need for new agents with novel mechanisms of action in psoriatic arthritis?
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Humans; Interleukin-12; Interleukin-17; Interleukin-23; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Signal Transduction; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Ustekinumab | 2014 |
Early, structured disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy reduces cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis--a single centre study using non-biologic drugs.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; C-Reactive Protein; Cardiovascular Diseases; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; Cholesterol; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Methylprednisolone; Middle Aged; Severity of Illness Index; Sulfasalazine; Triglycerides; Young Adult | 2013 |
Can leflunomide play a role in cytomegalovirus disease prophylaxis besides its antirheumatic effects?
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Dosage Calculations; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Viral Load | 2015 |
Synergistic effects of leflunomide and benazepril in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antifibrinolytic Agents; Benzazepines; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetic Nephropathies; Drug Synergism; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Treatment Outcome | 2014 |
In-vitro immunosuppression of canine T-lymphocyte-specific proliferation with dexamethasone, cyclosporine, and the active metabolites of azathioprine and leflunomide in a flow-cytometric assay.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Azathioprine; Cell Proliferation; Crotonates; Cyclosporine; Dexamethasone; Dogs; Flow Cytometry; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mercaptopurine; Nitriles; T-Lymphocytes; Toluidines | 2014 |
Inhibition of radiographic joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis patients in DAS28 remission using single- or combined with methotrexate non biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy in routine clinical practice.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Foot Joints; Hand Joints; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Radiography; Retrospective Studies; Tacrolimus; Treatment Outcome | 2015 |
The rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility polymorphism PTPN22 C1858T is not associated with leflunomide response or toxicity.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Genetic; Proportional Hazards Models; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 22; South Australia; Treatment Outcome; White People | 2014 |
An in vivo antilymphatic screen in zebrafish identifies novel inhibitors of mammalian lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic-mediated metastasis.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cinnarizine; Endothelial Cells; Female; Flunarizine; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kaempferols; Leflunomide; Lymph Nodes; Lymphangiogenesis; Lymphatic Metastasis; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neoplasms; Random Allocation; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Zebrafish | 2014 |
Association between serum uric acid and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis: perspective on lowering serum uric acid of leflunomide.
Topics: Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Inflammation; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Uric Acid | 2015 |
Ascidian tunicate extracts attenuate rheumatoid arthritis in a collagen-induced murine model.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Collagen; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Tissue Extracts; Urochordata | 2014 |
Treatment of BK virus-associated nephropathy with CMX001 after kidney transplantation in a young child.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Biopsy; BK Virus; Child, Preschool; Ciprofloxacin; Creatinine; Cytosine; DNA, Viral; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Organophosphonates; Renal Insufficiency; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Viral Load | 2014 |
Psoriatic arthritis treatment and the risk of herpes zoster.
Topics: Adalimumab; Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Female; Glucosamine; Herpes Zoster; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Incidence; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Sulfasalazine; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2016 |
Trip to immunity: resistant cytomegalovirus infection in a lung transplant recipient.
Topics: Adult; Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Drug Resistance, Viral; Female; Foscarnet; Ganciclovir; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Transplantation; Monitoring, Immunologic; Transplant Recipients | 2014 |
Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with methotrexate alone and in combination with other conventional DMARDs using the T2T strategy. A cohort study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chloroquine; Cohort Studies; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prednisolone; Retrospective Studies; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult | 2015 |
[Acute interstitial pneumonia in patient with rheumatoid arthritis treated with leflunomide].
Topics: Acute Disease; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged | 2014 |
Effective treatment of severe BK virus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis with leflunomide in children after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a pilot study.
Topics: Adolescent; BK Virus; Child; Cystitis; Female; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Hematuria; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Pilot Projects; Polyomavirus Infections; Prospective Studies; Tumor Virus Infections; Viral Load | 2014 |
Ultrasound composite scores for the assessment of inflammatory and structural pathologies in Psoriatic Arthritis (PsASon-Score).
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Bone and Bones; Feasibility Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Inflammation; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Prospective Studies; Reproducibility of Results; Severity of Illness Index; Sulfasalazine; Surveys and Questionnaires; Synovial Membrane; Tendons; Time Factors; Ultrasonography, Doppler | 2014 |
Adalimumab Induced Subcutaneous Nodular Sarcoidosis; A Rare Side Effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Inhibitor.
Topics: Adalimumab; Biopsy; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Remission Induction; Sarcoidosis; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary; Subcutaneous Tissue; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2014 |
Nimesulide improves the symptomatic and disease modifying effects of leflunomide in collagen induced arthritis.
Topics: Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Experimental; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mice; Severity of Illness Index; Sulfonamides; Treatment Outcome | 2014 |
Inhibition of p70 S6 kinase (S6K1) activity by A77 1726 and its effect on cell proliferation and cell cycle progress.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Butadienes; Cell Cycle; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Chromones; Crotonates; Feedback, Physiological; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Imidazoles; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Morpholines; Nitriles; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Pyrazines; Receptor, IGF Type 1; Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa; Toluidines | 2014 |
Factors influencing ultrasonographic remission in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adalimumab; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cohort Studies; Delayed Diagnosis; Etanercept; Female; Hand Joints; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Logistic Models; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Remission Induction; Rituximab; Severity of Illness Index; Sulfasalazine; Synovitis; Tenosynovitis; Time Factors; Ultrasonography, Doppler | 2015 |
Seroconversion in patients with rheumatic diseases treated with immunomodulators or immunosuppressants, who were inadvertently revaccinated against yellow fever.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Brazil; Child; Contraindications; Female; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Immunization, Secondary; Immunologic Factors; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Rheumatic Diseases; Rituximab; Scleroderma, Systemic; Yellow Fever; Yellow Fever Vaccine; Young Adult | 2015 |
[Pleuro-pericarditis developed under a leflunomide therapy].
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Pericarditis; Pleurisy | 2015 |
Active management versus minimization of immunosuppressives of BK virus-associated nephropathy after a kidney transplant.
Topics: Adult; Antiviral Agents; Biopsy; BK Virus; Ciprofloxacin; Drug Substitution; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Polyomavirus Infections; Prospective Studies; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Virus Infections | 2014 |
[Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus induced by golimumab].
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Eruptions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous; Middle Aged; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2015 |
69-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis presents with shortness of breath and cough.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Bronchoalveolar Lavage; Bronchoscopy; Cough; Diagnosis, Differential; Dyspnea; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Pulmonary Eosinophilia; Tomography, X-Ray Computed | 2014 |
Myelosuppressive and hepatotoxic potential of leflunomide and methotrexate combination in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Blood Cell Count; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Diseases; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cytokines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Drug Interactions; Hindlimb; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Methotrexate; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spleen | 2015 |
Evaluating relationships between symptom duration and persistence of rheumatoid arthritis: does a window of opportunity exist? Results on the Leiden early arthritis clinic and ESPOIR cohorts.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Area Under Curve; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoantibodies; Cohort Studies; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Peptides, Cyclic; Proportional Hazards Models; Remission Induction; Sulfasalazine; Time-to-Treatment; Treatment Outcome | 2015 |
Variability in the prescription of non-biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs for the treatment of spondyloarthritis in Spain.
Topics: Adult; Antimalarials; Antirheumatic Agents; Azathioprine; Cohort Studies; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Female; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Logistic Models; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Psoriasis; Retrospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Factors; Spain; Spondylarthropathies; Sulfasalazine; Uveitis | 2015 |
Leflunomide-induced acute interstitial pneumonia in a patient treated for rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Fatal Outcome; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Male; Middle Aged; Radiography, Thoracic | 2015 |
Systemic antipsoriatic combination therapy with fumaric acid esters for plaque-type psoriasis: report on 17 cases.
Topics: Acitretin; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cyclosporine; Dermatologic Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Female; Fumarates; Germany; Humans; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Keratolytic Agents; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prednisolone; Psoriasis; Retrospective Studies | 2015 |
Falsely decreased ionized calcium levels in kidney transplant recipients with polyomavirus-associated nephropathy treated with leflunomide.
Topics: Aged; Antiviral Agents; Biomarkers; BK Virus; Calcium; Female; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Polyomavirus Infections | 2015 |
Etanercept in refractory lupus arthritis: An observational study.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis; Autoantibodies; Cohort Studies; Etanercept; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome | 2015 |
BK Virus-Associated Nephropathy with Plasma Cell-Rich Infiltrates Treated by Bortezomib-Based Regimen.
Topics: Adult; Antineoplastic Agents; BK Virus; Bortezomib; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Plasma Cells; Polyomavirus Infections; Postoperative Complications; Tacrolimus; Tumor Virus Infections | 2015 |
Effect of Leflunomide, Cidofovir and Ciprofloxacin on replication of BKPyV in a salivary gland in vitro culture system.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, Viral, Tumor; Antiviral Agents; BK Virus; Cells, Cultured; Cidofovir; Ciprofloxacin; Cytosine; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Organophosphonates; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Viral; Salivary Glands; Time Factors; Viral Load; Virus Replication | 2015 |
Severe cytomegalovirus infection in a second kidney transplant recipient treated with ganciclovir, leflunomide, and immunoglobulins, with complications including seizures, acute HCV infection, drug-induced pancytopenia, diabetes, cholangitis, and multi-or
Topics: Adult; Antiviral Agents; Cholangitis; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Fatal Outcome; Female; Ganciclovir; Hepatitis C; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Multiple Organ Failure; Pancytopenia; Reoperation; Seizures; Transplant Recipients; Viral Load | 2015 |
Glucocorticoid with or without additional immunosuppressant therapy for patients with lupus podocytopathy: a retrospective single-center study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Lupus Nephritis; Male; Mycophenolic Acid; Nephrotic Syndrome; Podocytes; Prednisone; Proteinuria; Remission Induction; Retrospective Studies; Tacrolimus; Treatment Outcome | 2015 |
Comparative effectiveness of tocilizumab with either methotrexate or leflunomide in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Neutropenia; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome | 2015 |
On the interactions of leflunomide and teriflunomide within receptor cavity--NMR studies and energy calculations.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Binding Sites; Crotonates; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Energy Metabolism; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Models, Molecular; Nitriles; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Toluidines | 2015 |
Transcutaneous delivery of leflunomide nanoemulgel: Mechanistic investigation into physicomechanical characteristics, in vitro anti-psoriatic and anti-melanoma activity.
Topics: Adhesiveness; Administration, Cutaneous; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line, Tumor; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Drug Stability; Emulsions; Excipients; Gels; Hardness Tests; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Melanoma; Nanostructures; Particle Size; Psoriasis; Skin Absorption; Viscosity | 2015 |
Ameliorative effect of Leflunomide on lung injury following an aspiration.
Topics: Acute Lung Injury; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antioxidants; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiratory Aspiration | 2015 |
Teriflunomide (AUBAGIO). Multiple sclerosis: just a metabolite of leflunomide.
Topics: Animals; Crotonates; Drug Interactions; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Multiple Sclerosis; Nitriles; Pregnancy; Toluidines | 2015 |
Clinical features of children with pulmonary microscopic polyangiitis: report of 9 cases.
Topics: Adolescent; Anemia; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Child; Child, Preschool; Complement C3; Cough; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Hematuria; Hemoptysis; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infant; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Lung; Male; Microscopic Polyangiitis; Peroxidase; Proteinuria; Steroids; Tachypnea; Treatment Outcome | 2015 |
Tumor necrosis factor-α antagonist therapy for concomitant rheumatoid arthritis and hepatitis C virus infection: a case series study.
Topics: Adalimumab; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cohort Studies; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanercept; Female; Hepatitis C, Chronic; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2015 |
The Order and Place of Neuronal Differentiation Establish the Topography of Sensory Projections and the Entry Points within the Hindbrain.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors; Brain Mapping; Cell Differentiation; Chemokine CXCL12; DNA-Binding Proteins; Embryo, Nonmammalian; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; LIM-Homeodomain Proteins; Male; Morpholinos; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neural Tube; Rhombencephalon; Sensory Receptor Cells; Signal Transduction; Transcription Factors; Zebrafish; Zebrafish Proteins | 2015 |
Leflunomide is associated with a higher flare rate compared to methotrexate in the treatment of chronic uveitis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Cohort Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Infant; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Recurrence; Retrospective Studies; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Uveitis | 2015 |
Topical delivery of leflunomide for rheumatoid arthritis treatment: evaluation of local tissue deposition of teriflunomide and its anti-inflammatory effects in an arthritis rat model.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Experimental; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Crotonates; Drug Delivery Systems; Guinea Pigs; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Hairless; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Nitriles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Skin Absorption; Swine; Swine, Miniature; Tissue Distribution; Toluidines; Transdermal Patch | 2016 |
Effect of Leflunomide on the Abnormal Expression of Lipid Rafts and F-Actin in B Lymphocytes from Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Topics: Actins; Adult; Aniline Compounds; Antigens, CD; B-Lymphocytes; Case-Control Studies; Crotonates; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Immunoglobulin D; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Membrane Microdomains; Nitriles; Toluidines | 2015 |
Is there a role for Digital X-ray Radiogrammetry as surrogate marker for radiological progression and imaging of structural integrity in rheumatoid arthritis?
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Arthrography; Bone Density; Disease Progression; Female; Germany; Hand Joints; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Predictive Value of Tests; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Retrospective Studies; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2015 |
STAT6-Dependent Collagen Synthesis in Human Fibroblasts Is Induced by Bovine Milk.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Cattle; Cell Membrane; Cell Proliferation; Collagen; Collagen Type I; Fibroblasts; Humans; Insulin; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Milk; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Skin; STAT6 Transcription Factor; Transcription Factors; Transcriptional Activation | 2015 |
A case of BK virus nephropathy in a stem cell transplant recipient: a rare or under-recognized cause for Acute Kidney injury.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Anti-Bacterial Agents; BK Virus; Ciprofloxacin; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Graft vs Host Disease; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Plasmapheresis; Polyomavirus Infections; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Tumor Virus Infections; Viral Load; Viremia; Virus Activation | 2015 |
Effect of galantamine on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis, Experimental; Biomarkers; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Freund's Adjuvant; Galantamine; Inflammation Mediators; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Male; Mycobacterium; Parasympathomimetics; Radiography; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 2015 |
Leflunomide, a Reversible Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Insecta; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Microsomes; Monoamine Oxidase; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2016 |
Genetic polymorphism of CYP1A2 but not total or free teriflunomide concentrations is associated with leflunomide cessation in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Crotonates; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Nitriles; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Toluidines | 2016 |
Eruptive Keratoacanthomas Associated With Leflunomide.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Drug Eruptions; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Keratoacanthoma; Leflunomide; Middle Aged; Skin Neoplasms | 2016 |
Safety and retention of combination triple disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in new-onset rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Remission Induction; Sulfasalazine; Treatment Outcome; United States | 2015 |
Leflunomide biodegradable microspheres intended for intra-articular administration: Development, anti-inflammatory activity and histopathological studies.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Experimental; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Carriers; Excipients; Hypromellose Derivatives; Injections, Intra-Articular; Isoxazoles; Lactic Acid; Leflunomide; Male; Microspheres; Particle Size; Polyesters; Polyglycolic Acid; Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; Polyvinyl Alcohol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Solvents | 2015 |
Leflunomide Induces Pulmonary and Hepatic CYP1A Enzymes via Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor.
Topics: Animals; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inducers; Female; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Lung; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon | 2015 |
Chemopreventive effect of leflunomide against Ehrlich's solid tumor grown in mice: Effect on EGF and EGFR expression and tumor proliferation.
Topics: Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antineoplastic Agents; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epidermal Growth Factor; ErbB Receptors; Female; Gene Expression Profiling; Immunohistochemistry; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2015 |
Efficacy of leflunomide for treatment of refractory inflammatory colorectal polyps in 15 Miniature Dachshunds.
Topics: Animals; Colonic Polyps; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intestinal Polyps; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Retrospective Studies | 2016 |
Garre's sclerosing osteomyelitis caused by salmonella group D in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: an unusual complication.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Ceftazidime; Doxycycline; Femur; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Methotrexate; Osteomyelitis; Prednisone; Salmonella Infections; Sclerosis; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination | 2015 |
Protective effects of leflunomide on renal lesions in a rat model if diabetic nephropathy.
Topics: Actins; Animals; Antigens, CD; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Body Weight; Creatinine; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetic Nephropathies; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Leflunomide; Male; Organ Size; Osteopontin; Rats, Wistar; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 | 2016 |
Leflunomide treatment in corticosteroid-dependent myasthenia gravis: an open-label pilot study.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Adolescent; Adult; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Myasthenia Gravis; Pilot Projects; Prednisone; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult | 2016 |
Treatment of Polyomavirus-Associated Nephropathy With the Association of Sirolimus and Leflunomide.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Polyomavirus Infections; Retrospective Studies; Sirolimus | 2015 |
Utility of Leflunomide in the Treatment of Drug Resistant Cytomegalovirus Retinitis.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Retinitis; Drug Resistance, Viral; Genotype; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intravitreal Injections; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Lung Transplantation; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Viremia | 2017 |
Quantitation of Teriflunomide in Human Serum/Plasma Across a 40,000-Fold Concentration Range by LC/MS/MS.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chromatography, Liquid; Crotonates; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Drug Monitoring; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Limit of Detection; Nitriles; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Prodrugs; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Toluidines | 2016 |
[Effects of leflunomide on experimental autoimmune uveitis in Lewis rats].
Topics: Animals; Autoimmune Diseases; Cyclosporine; Down-Regulation; Eye Proteins; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-17; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Retinitis; Retinol-Binding Proteins; RNA, Messenger; Th17 Cells; Uveitis | 2015 |
Cu,Zn-Superoxide Dismutase-Mediated Redox Regulation of Jumonji Domain Containing 3 Modulates Macrophage Polarization and Pulmonary Fibrosis.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Cell Polarity; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Interleukin-4; Isoxazoles; Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases; Leflunomide; Macrophage Activation; Macrophages; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Models, Biological; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Reactive Oxygen Species; STAT6 Transcription Factor; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2016 |
Inhibition of hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes and sodium/bile acid cotransporter exacerbates leflunomide-induced hepatotoxicity.
Topics: Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Cells, Cultured; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Crotonates; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Female; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nitriles; Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Dependent; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Symporters; Toluidines | 2016 |
Changes in Body Mass Related to the Initiation of Disease-Modifying Therapies in Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Prednisone; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2016 |
[Use of leflunomide in a cytomegalovirus infection resistant: a report of a case].
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Drug Resistance, Viral; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Off-Label Use; Viral Load; Young Adult | 2016 |
Changes in focal adhesion kinase expression in rats with collagen-induced arthritis and efficacy of intervention with disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs alone or in combination.
Topics: Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Experimental; Collagen Type II; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; Isoxazoles; Joints; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synovial Membrane; Time Factors | 2015 |
Examining Time to Initiation of Biologic Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs and Medication Adherence and Persistence Among Texas Medicaid Recipients With Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biological Products; Female; Hispanic or Latino; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Medicaid; Medication Adherence; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Sulfasalazine; Texas; United States; Young Adult | 2016 |
Detection of in Vitro Metabolite Formation of Leflunomide: A Fluorescence Dynamics and Electronic Structure Study.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Crotonates; Fluorescence; Hydroxybutyrates; In Vitro Techniques; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Models, Molecular; Nitriles; Protons; Quantum Theory; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Toluidines | 2016 |
[Eruptive keratoacanthomas and leflunomide].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Drug Eruptions; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Isoxazoles; Keratoacanthoma; Leflunomide | 2016 |
Novel electrospun nanofibrous matrices prepared from poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate) blends for controlled release formulations of an anti-rheumatoid agent.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Biocompatible Materials; Butylene Glycols; Cell Line; Crotonates; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Liberation; Electrochemical Techniques; Fibroblasts; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Linear Models; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Models, Chemical; Nanofibers; Neural Networks, Computer; Nitriles; Polyesters; Polymers; Toluidines | 2016 |
Cytomegalovirus Infection and Rates of Antiviral Resistance Following Intestinal and Multivisceral Transplantation.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Drug Resistance, Viral; Female; Foscarnet; Ganciclovir; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intestines; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Viremia | 2016 |
Clinicopathological features and prognosis of Kimura's disease with renal involvement in Chinese patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; China; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental; Hematuria; Humans; Hypertension; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Mycophenolic Acid; Phytotherapy; Plant Preparations; Prednisone; Prognosis; Proteinuria; Recurrence; Renal Insufficiency; Retrospective Studies; Tacrolimus; Tripterygium; Young Adult | 2016 |
As2 O3 combined with leflunomide prolongs heart xenograft survival via suppressing the response of Th1, Th2, and B cells in a rat model.
Topics: Animals; Arsenic Trioxide; Arsenicals; B-Lymphocytes; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Heterografts; Immunoglobulin G; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Oxides; Rats, Inbred Lew; Th1 Cells; Th2 Cells; Transplantation, Heterologous | 2016 |
Effectiveness of treatment with biologic- and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis patients in Colombia.
Topics: Abatacept; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biological Products; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloroquine; Cohort Studies; Colombia; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Young Adult | 2016 |
Clinical course and therapeutic approach to varicella zoster virus infection in children with rheumatic autoimmune diseases under immunosuppression.
Topics: Acyclovir; Adolescent; Antirheumatic Agents; Antiviral Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Chickenpox; Child; Child, Preschool; Etanercept; Female; Herpes Zoster; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Valacyclovir; Valine; Young Adult | 2016 |
[Effect of Leflunomideon Inflammatory Factors and Immune Function in Rats with Chronic Glomerulonephritis].
Topics: Animals; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Glomerulonephritis; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rats; RNA, Messenger; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2016 |
Recombinant IL-33 prolongs leflunomide-mediated graft survival by reducing IFN-γ and expanding CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T cells in concordant heart transplantation.
Topics: Animals; B-Lymphocytes; Cytokines; Drug Synergism; Female; Forkhead Transcription Factors; Graft Survival; Heart Transplantation; Heterografts; Immunity, Humoral; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-33; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Recombinant Proteins; Spleen; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory; Th1 Cells | 2016 |
JAK-STAT6 Pathway Inhibitors Block Eotaxin-3 Secretion by Epithelial Cells and Fibroblasts from Esophageal Eosinophilia Patients: Promising Agents to Improve Inflammation and Prevent Fibrosis in EoE.
Topics: Cell Line, Transformed; Chemokine CCL26; Chemokines, CC; Eosinophilic Esophagitis; Eosinophils; Epithelial Cells; Fibroblasts; Fibrosis; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-13; Interleukin-4; Isoxazoles; Janus Kinase 1; Leflunomide; Nitriles; Omeprazole; Phosphorylation; Primary Cell Culture; Pyrazoles; Pyrimidines; Signal Transduction; STAT6 Transcription Factor; Th2 Cells | 2016 |
The positive transcriptional elongation factor (P-TEFb) is required for neural crest specification.
Topics: Animals; Cyclin T; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 9; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Genes, myc; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Morpholinos; Neural Crest; Positive Transcriptional Elongation Factor B; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; RNA Polymerase II; SOXE Transcription Factors; Transcription Elongation, Genetic; Transcription, Genetic; Xenopus laevis; Xenopus Proteins | 2016 |
Inhibition of canonical WNT/β-catenin signaling is involved in leflunomide (LEF)-mediated cytotoxic effects on renal carcinoma cells.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Autophagy; beta Catenin; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred NOD; Mice, SCID; Neoplasm Transplantation; Signal Transduction; Wnt3A Protein | 2016 |
Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis occurring in a patient with SAPHO syndrome one month after starting leflunomide, and subsequently disappearing with ustekinumab.
Topics: Acquired Hyperostosis Syndrome; Adult; Dermatitis; Dermatologic Agents; Drug Eruptions; Female; Granuloma; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Ustekinumab | 2016 |
Adjuvant and salvage therapy with leflunomide for recalcitrant cytomegalovirus infections in hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients: A case series.
Topics: Aged; Antiviral Agents; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Drug Monitoring; Drug Resistance, Viral; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Foscarnet; Ganciclovir; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Salvage Therapy; Transplant Recipients; Virus Activation | 2016 |
Proteome Analysis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Gut Mucosa.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoantibodies; Case-Control Studies; Citrulline; Colon; Epithelial Cells; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Peptides, Cyclic; Proteome; Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase | 2017 |
Human teratogens and genetic phenocopies. Understanding pathogenesis through human genes mutation.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Female; Fetal Diseases; Fetus; Fluconazole; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mutation; Mycophenolic Acid; Phenotype; Pregnancy; Teratogenesis; Teratogens; Thalidomide; Warfarin | 2017 |
Usefulness of in vitro combination assays of mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis for the estimation of potential risk of idiosyncratic drug induced liver injury.
Topics: Acetaminophen; Apoptosis; Biological Assay; Biomarkers; Caspase 3; Caspase 7; Cells, Cultured; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Chromans; Diclofenac; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethanol; Hepatocytes; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver; Mitochondria, Liver; Oxygen Consumption; Primary Cell Culture; Ranitidine; Risk Assessment; Thiazolidinediones; Time Factors; Toxicity Tests; Troglitazone | 2016 |
Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Treatment Sequence Initiating With Etanercept Compared With Leflunomide in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Impact of Reduced Etanercept Cost With Patent Expiration in South Korea.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biosimilar Pharmaceuticals; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Drug Costs; Etanercept; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Quality-Adjusted Life Years; Republic of Korea | 2016 |
Primary cardiac B cell lymphoma: Manifestation of Felty's syndrome or TNFα antagonist.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Felty Syndrome; Female; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Infliximab; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Myocardium; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2016 |
5-Amino-3-methyl-4-isoxazolecarboxylic acid hydrazide derivatives with in vitro immunomodulatory activities.
Topics: Animals; Caspase 3; Caspase 9; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-1beta; Isoxazoles; Jurkat Cells; Leflunomide; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages, Peritoneal; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Signal Transduction; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2017 |
Bioanalytical method for the estimation of co-administered esomeprazole, leflunomide and ibuprofen in human plasma and in pharmaceutical dosage forms using micellar liquid chromatography.
Topics: Adult; Calibration; Chromatography, Liquid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Esomeprazole; Ethylamines; Humans; Ibuprofen; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Limit of Detection; Male; Micelles; Phosphoric Acids; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Ultraviolet Rays | 2017 |
Putting recommendations into practice: Australian rheumatologists' opinions on leflunomide use in rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Australia; Disease Management; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rheumatologists; Rheumatology; Societies, Medical; Surveys and Questionnaires | 2017 |
[Clinical characteristics of 4 cases of scleritis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus].
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Arthritis; Cyclophosphamide; Disease Progression; Female; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Lupus Nephritis; Male; Middle Aged; Pain; Prognosis; Raynaud Disease; Recurrence; Scleritis; Serositis; Treatment Outcome; Triamcinolone Acetonide; Uveitis; Vision Disorders | 2016 |
Risk and severity of herpes zoster in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving different immunosuppressive medications: a case-control study in Asia.
Topics: Abatacept; Adalimumab; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biological Products; Case-Control Studies; Etanercept; Female; Herpes Zoster; Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Risk Factors; Rituximab; Severity of Illness Index; Sulfasalazine; Taiwan; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Young Adult | 2017 |
IL-22-producing CD4+T cells in the treatment response of rheumatoid arthritis to combination therapy with methotrexate and leflunomide.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Interleukin-22; Interleukins; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer; Treatment Outcome | 2017 |
Corticosteroid in Combination with Leflunomide and Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treatment of Pediatric Idiopathic Pulmonary Hemosiderosis.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Child; Female; Glucocorticoids; Hemosiderosis; Hemosiderosis, Pulmonary; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lung Diseases; Male; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Methylprednisolone; Prednisone; Pulse Therapy, Drug; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome | 2017 |
Leflunomide induces NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 enzyme via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in neonatal mice.
Topics: Animals; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; Gene Deletion; Immunologic Factors; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; Up-Regulation | 2017 |
The active metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726, attenuates inflammatory arthritis in mice with spontaneous arthritis via induction of heme oxygenase-1.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis, Experimental; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cell Differentiation; Crotonates; Forkhead Transcription Factors; Heme Oxygenase-1; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Inflammation; Isoxazoles; Jurkat Cells; Leflunomide; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Nitriles; Oxidative Stress; Signal Transduction; Spleen; Th17 Cells; Toluidines; Tyrosine | 2017 |
Stabilization of renal function after the first year of follow-up in kidney transplant recipients treated for significant BK polyomavirus infection or BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy.
Topics: Adult; Allografts; Antiviral Agents; Biopsy; BK Virus; DNA, Viral; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Graft Survival; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Immunosuppression Therapy; Isoxazoles; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Polyomavirus Infections; Retrospective Studies; Transplant Recipients; Transplantation, Homologous; Tumor Virus Infections; Viremia; Virus Replication | 2017 |
Combination of Leflunomide and Everolimus for treatment of BK virus nephropathy.
Topics: Aged; BK Virus; Drug Substitution; Drug Therapy, Combination; Everolimus; Female; Graft Rejection; Graft Survival; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Opportunistic Infections; Polyomavirus Infections; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Virus Infections; Viral Load | 2017 |
Adaptive Reprogramming of
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Apoptosis; Cell Line, Tumor; Cellular Reprogramming; DNA Damage; Doxorubicin; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Pyrimidines; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays | 2017 |
Effects of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitors on the growth of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi in vitro.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Antiprotozoal Agents; Atovaquone; Babesia; Babesiosis; Biphenyl Compounds; Computational Biology; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Diminazene; Enzyme Inhibitors; Horse Diseases; Horses; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Molecular Weight; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Phylogeny; Plasmodium berghei; Pyrimidines; Theileria; Theileriasis | 2017 |
Leflunomide for the treatment of trichodysplasia spinulosa in a liver transplant recipient.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Cyclosporine; Diagnosis, Differential; Hair Diseases; Hair Follicle; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Liver Transplantation; Male; Polyomavirus Infections; Pruritus | 2017 |
A redox-mediated Kemp eliminase.
Topics: Bacillus megaterium; Biocatalysis; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Chemical Phenomena; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Humans; Isoxazoles; Kinetics; Leflunomide; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Oxidation-Reduction; Protein Engineering; Quantum Theory; Substrate Specificity | 2017 |
Leflunomide prevents ROS-induced systemic fibrosis in mice.
Topics: Animals; Antirheumatic Agents; Autoantibodies; Bleomycin; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Fibrosis; Humans; Hypochlorous Acid; Immunosuppression Therapy; Isoxazoles; Kruppel-Like Factor 4; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; Leflunomide; Lymphocyte Activation; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Reactive Oxygen Species; Signal Transduction; Skin; STAT6 Transcription Factor | 2017 |
Comparison of combined leflunomide and low-dose corticosteroid therapy with full-dose corticosteroid monotherapy for progressive IgA nephropathy.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Biomarkers; Blood Pressure; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glomerulonephritis, IGA; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Proteinuria; Treatment Outcome | 2017 |
Leflunomide - A human teratogen? A still not answered question. An evaluation of the German Embryotox pharmacovigilance database.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Abortion, Spontaneous; Adolescent; Adult; Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Esophageal Atresia; Female; Germany; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Pharmacovigilance; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, First; Teratogens; Tracheoesophageal Fistula; Young Adult | 2017 |
Lichenoid Drug Eruption with Prominent Nail Changes Due to Leflunomide in a 12-Year-Old Child.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Child; Drug Eruptions; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lichenoid Eruptions; Nail Diseases; Nails; Skin | 2017 |
Clinical effectiveness and safety of leflunomide in inflammatory arthritis: a report from the RAPPORT database with supporting patient survey.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Databases, Factual; Female; Health Surveys; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Remission Induction; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult | 2017 |
Leflunomide/teriflunomide inhibit Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)- induced lymphoproliferative disease and lytic viral replication.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; B-Lymphocytes; Cell Line, Transformed; Cell Proliferation; Crotonates; Cyclin E; Disease Models, Animal; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; Genes, myc; Herpesvirus 4, Human; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Mice; NF-kappa B; Nitriles; Toluidines; Virus Activation; Virus Latency; Virus Replication; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays | 2017 |
[SUSTAINABILITY OF RITUXIMAB IN CONCOMMITANT TREATMENT WITH METHOTREXATE OR LEFLUNOMIDE IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS].
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Prospective Studies; Rituximab; Treatment Outcome | 2017 |
A Retrospective Study on the Safety and Efficacy of Leflunomide in Dogs.
Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Immune System Diseases; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Retrospective Studies | 2017 |
Ganciclovir Dosing Strategies and Development of Cytomegalovirus Resistance in a Kidney Transplant Recipient: A Case Report.
Topics: Aged; Antiviral Agents; Cidofovir; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Cytosine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Resistance, Viral; Foscarnet; Ganciclovir; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Isoxazoles; Kidney; Kidney Transplantation; Leflunomide; Male; Organophosphonates; Postoperative Complications; Tissue Donors | 2017 |
Herpes Zoster and Tofacitinib: Clinical Outcomes and the Risk of Concomitant Therapy.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chloroquine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Databases, Factual; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glucocorticoids; Herpes Zoster; Humans; Incidence; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Piperidines; Proportional Hazards Models; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Pyrimidines; Pyrroles; Risk Factors | 2017 |
Risk factors of serious infections in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with tocilizumab in the French Registry REGATE.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoantibodies; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; France; Humans; Incidence; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Leukocyte Count; Male; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Opportunistic Infections; Peptides, Cyclic; Proportional Hazards Models; Registries; Risk Factors | 2017 |
Beneficial effects of a probiotic blend on gastrointestinal side effects induced by leflunomide and amlodipine in a rat model.
Topics: Amlodipine; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Cytokines; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Probiotics; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Treatment Outcome | 2017 |
Endoplasmic reticulum stress and MAPK signaling pathway activation underlie leflunomide-induced toxicity in HepG2 Cells.
Topics: Activating Transcription Factor 4; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; Hep G2 Cells; Hepatocytes; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Phenylbutyrates; Sequence Analysis, RNA; Signal Transduction; Transcription Factor CHOP; Unfolded Protein Response | 2017 |
Leflunomide inhibits proliferation and tumorigenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Carcinogenesis; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Cycle; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice; Mouth Neoplasms; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays | 2017 |
Antiallodynic activity of leflunomide is partially inhibited by naltrexone and glibenclamide and associated with reduced production of TNF-α and CXCL-1.
Topics: Animals; Chemokine CXCL1; Glyburide; Hyperalgesia; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Mice; Naltrexone; Neuralgia; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2018 |
Anti-inflammatory drug, leflunomide and its metabolite teriflunomide inhibit NSCLC proliferation in vivo and in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Crotonates; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Mice, Nude; Nitriles; Toluidines; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays | 2018 |
Effects of Amerindian Genetic Ancestry on Clinical Variables and Therapy in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Alleles; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Argentina; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chile; Female; Genotype; Humans; Indians, North American; Indians, South American; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Methotrexate; Mexico; Middle Aged; Peru; Radiography; Rheumatoid Factor; Sex Factors; Sulfasalazine | 2017 |
Mitochondrial dysfunction induced by leflunomide and its active metabolite.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bongkrekic Acid; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; Galactose; Glucose; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Isoxazoles; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leflunomide; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mitochondria, Liver; Mitochondrial Diseases; Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins; Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; Oxidative Phosphorylation | 2018 |
Metabolic syndrome and the decreased levels of uric acid by leflunomide favor redox imbalance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Advanced Oxidation Protein Products; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; C-Reactive Protein; Case-Control Studies; Disease Progression; Female; Gene Expression; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Lipid Peroxides; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Protein Carbonylation; Sex Factors; Uric Acid | 2018 |
Pyomyositis: an unusual cause of hip pain in a patient on certolizumab pegol and leflunomide.
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthralgia; Certolizumab Pegol; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hip Joint; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Pain Measurement; Pyomyositis | 2018 |
The effect of leflunomide on the transplanted endometriosis lesions in SD rats.
Topics: Animals; Endometriosis; Female; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 | 2017 |
Treatment with either leflunomide or adalimumab reduces anaemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Adalimumab; Adult; Anemia; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Male; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome | 2018 |
No live vaccines for people being treated with leflunomide.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Vaccines | 2018 |
Recalcitrant alopecia areata responsive to leflunomide and anthralin-Potentially undiscovered JAK/STAT inhibitors?
Topics: Administration, Topical; Adolescent; Alopecia Areata; Anthralin; Dermatologic Agents; Hair; Humans; Isoxazoles; Janus Kinase Inhibitors; Leflunomide; Male | 2018 |
Leflunomide: an unlikely trigger and mechanistically a beneficial drug for alopecia areata.
Topics: Alopecia Areata; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2019 |
Response: Leflunomide: potential treatment and cause of alopecia areata.
Topics: Alopecia Areata; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2019 |
Quality of life and clinical outcomes in Polish patients with high activity rheumatoid arthritis treated with leflunomide (Arava®) in Therapeutic Program: A retrospective analysis of data from the PLUS study.
Topics: Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Methotrexate; Poland; Quality of Life; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome | 2019 |
Leflunomide as a cause of collagenous colitis: an entity to consider.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Colitis, Collagenous; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide | 2021 |
Therapeutic drug monitoring of teriflunomide: do plasma concentrations predict response to leflunomide in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Drug Monitoring; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Treatment Outcome | 2023 |
The association between CYB5A gene rs1790834 polymorphism and clinical improvement after 6 months of leflunomide treatment in women with rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cytochromes b5; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Polymorphism, Genetic; Treatment Outcome | 2023 |
Leflunomide exposure through second trimester of pregnancy: A case report.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cholestyramine Resin; Female; Humans; Isoxazoles; Leflunomide; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, Second | 2023 |