iothalamate-meglumine and iotrolan

To evaluate the additional effect of guar with iotrolan as an oral contrast medium.. In a clinical double-blind randomised study a viscous iotrolan (11.2 mg iodine/ml)/guar (4 g/l)-suspension was compared with aqueous solutions of pure iotrolan (11.2 mg iodine/ml) and meglumine ioxithalamate (12 mg iodine/ml). The contrast media were evaluated according to filling, distribution, transit time, artifacts, radiodensity, patient acceptance and side effects.. The addition of guar delayed the transit time of the contrast media. Consequently a more homogeneous filling of the bowel with fewer artifacts was observed in comparison to the aqueous contrast media. The results of the pure iotrolan solution were comparable to meglumine ioxithalamate, except for a higher radiodensity in the distal small intestine. The colon showed a better filling with non-viscous contrast media in the given time frame. Pure iotrolan had the best patient acceptance. Two patients considered the iotrolan/guar-solution impossible to drink, the other 18 patients found taste and consistency just about acceptable.. In spite of the discussed advantages, due to a less subjective acceptance the guar/iotrolan solution is not suitable in routine-diagnosis, unless taste and consistency are greatly improved. Individual use is recommended in selected cases and long-term examinations.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Contrast Media; Digestive System; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Iothalamate Meglumine; Male; Solutions; Suspensions; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Triiodobenzoic Acids

Topics: Antigens; Contrast Media; Erythrocytes; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; In Vitro Techniques; Iodipamide; Iopamidol; Iothalamate Meglumine; Ioxaglic Acid; Triiodobenzoic Acids

Topics: Animals; Brain; Carotid Arteries; Contrast Media; Infusions, Intra-Arterial; Iohexol; Iothalamate Meglumine; Muscles; Osmolar Concentration; Rabbits; Triiodobenzoic Acids

A rabbit model was used to assess the effects of intracarotid injections of ionic monomer (meglumine iothalamate), non-ionic monomer (iohexol, iopromide), and non-ionic dimer (iotrol) contrast materials on the blood-brain barrier. The degree of blood-brain barrier damage was assessed qualitatively using Evans' blue dye, and quantitatively by calculating the difference in pertechnetate uptake between injected and non-injected hemispheres. The results showed that the non-ionic dimer, iotrol, had the least effect on the blood-brain barrier, and that although iopromide and iohexol produced greater damage than iotrol, the ionic compound, meglumine iothalamate, caused the greatest disruption to the blood-brain barrier. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Carotid Arteries; Contrast Media; Evans Blue; Female; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Iohexol; Iothalamate Meglumine; Male; Rabbits; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; Triiodobenzoic Acids

Large unilamellar phospholipid vesicles were prepared and loaded with various radiographic contrast media. Body CT following in vivo administration of these vesicles in the rat demonstrated opacification of organs associated with the reticuloendothelial system. Image enhancement in the spleen and liver was dose dependent and was linearly related within the dose range investigated. Contrast enhancement was observed within five minutes of intravenous administration, was maximal 60 minutes after injection, and declined during the second hour. Clearance of the radiographic contrast material was complete within 24 hours. Diffuse splenic lymphoma following intraperitoneal or intrasplenic injection of lymphoma cells, and solitary lymphoma nodules following intrahepatic injection were readily detected as nonenhanced areas following injection of liposomes.

Topics: Animals; Contrast Media; Diatrizoate; Diatrizoate Meglumine; Drug Combinations; Iothalamate Meglumine; Liposomes; Lymphoma; Male; Metrizamide; Radiographic Image Enhancement; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Triiodobenzoic Acids