indigo-carmine and luteolin-7-glucoside

The feasibility of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) to detect chlorogenic acid, luteoloside and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid in Chrysanthemum was investigated. An NIR spectroradiometer was applied for data acquisition. The reference values of chlorogenic acid, luteoloside, and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid of the samples were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and were used for model calibration. The results of six preprocessing methods were compared. To reduce input variables and collinearity problems, three methods for variable selection were compared, including successive projections algorithm (SPA), genetic algorithm-partial least squares regression (GA-PLS), and competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS). The selected variables were employed as the inputs of partial least square (PLS), back propagation-artificial neural networks (BP-ANN), and extreme learning machine (ELM) models. The best performance was achieved by BP-ANN models based on variables selected by CARS for all three chemical constituents. The values of r

Topics: Algorithms; Calibration; Chlorogenic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chrysanthemum; Glucosides; Least-Squares Analysis; Luteolin; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared

Thirteen trace elements and active constituents of 40 batches of Lonicera japonica flos and Lonicera flos were comparatively studied using inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array (HPLC-PDA). The trace elements were

Topics: Chlorogenic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Flavones; Glucosides; Mass Spectrometry; Principal Component Analysis; Quinic Acid; Trace Elements

Kouyanqing Granule (KYQG) is a traditional Chinese herbal formula composed of Flos lonicerae (FL), Radix scrophulariae (RS), Radix ophiopogonis (RO), Radix asparagi (RA), and Radix et rhizoma glycyrrhizae (RG). In contrast with the typical method of separating and then biologicalily testing the components individually, this study was designed to establish an approach in order to define the core bioactive ingredients of the anti-inflammatory effects of KYQG based on the relevance analysis between chemical characters and biological effects. Eleven KYQG samples with different ingredients were prepared by changing the ratios of the 5 herbs. Thirty-eight ingredients in KYQG were identified using Ultra-fast liquid chromatography-Diode array detector-Quadrupole-Time-of-flight-Tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-DAD-Q-TOF-MS/MS) technology. Human oral keratinocytes (HOK) were cultured for 24 hours with 5% of Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) to induce inflammation stress. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were evaluated after treatment with the eleven KYQG samples. Grey relational analysis(GRA), Pearson's correlations (PCC), and partial least-squares (PLS) were utilized to evaluate the contribution of each ingredient. The results indicated that KYQG significantly reduced interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumour necrosis factor-α levels, in which lysine, γ-aminobutyric acid, chelidonic acid, tyrosine, harpagide, neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, isoquercitrin, luteolin-7-o-glucoside, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, angoroside C, harpagoside, cinnamic acid, and ruscogenin play a vital role.

Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cells, Cultured; Chlorogenic Acid; Chromatography, Liquid; Cinnamates; Drug Discovery; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavones; Glucosides; Humans; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Keratinocytes; Molecular Structure; Smoke; Spirostans; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tobacco Products; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

The ethanol extract of a biannual medicinal herb, Youngia japonica (commonly known as Oriental hawk's beard) was reported previously to have potent antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) cultured in HEp-2 cells. Three anti-microbial agents, namely 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and luteolin-7-O-glucoside were subsequently purified and chemically characterized from the ethanol extract of Youngia japonica. The two dicaffeoylquinic acids exhibited prominent anti-RSV with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.5 microg/ml in vitro. Luteolin-7-O-glucoside together with the two dicaffeoylquinic acids were also manifested to have some antibacterial activity towards the causal agents of food-borne disease, namely Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus at the concentration of 2mg/ml. Bacillus cereus was sensitive to 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid only, but not to luteolin-7-O-glucoside.

Topics: Antiviral Agents; Asteraceae; Cell Line, Tumor; Chlorogenic Acid; Glucosides; Humans; Luteolin; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses