indigo-carmine and 4-5-dicaffeoyl-quinic-acid

Topics: Arctium; Cell Proliferation; Chlorogenic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Fruit; Furans; Glucosides; HL-60 Cells; Humans; Lignans; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Quinic Acid

The processing of medicinal materials, known as Pao Zhi in traditional Chinese medicine, is a unique part of traditional Chinese medicine and has been widely used for the preparation of Chinese materia medica. It is believed that processing can alter the properties and functions of remedies, increase medical potency, and reduce toxicity and side effects. Both processed and unprocessed Flos Lonicerae (flowers of Lonicera japonica) are important drug ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine. To gain insights on the effect of processing factors (heating temperature and duration) on the change of chemical composition, nuclear magnetic resonance combined with chemometric analysis was applied to investigate the processing of F. Lonicerae. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data were analyzed by means of a heat map and principal components analysis. The results indicated that the composition changed significantly, particularly when processing at the higher temperature (210 °C). Five chemical components, viz. 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, chlorogenic acid, and myo-inositol, whose concentration changed significantly during the processing, were isolated and identified. The patterns for the concentration change observed from nuclear magnetic resonance analysis during the processing were confirmed and quantitatively determined by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The study demonstrated that a nuclear magnetic resonance-based chemometric approach could be a promising tool for investigation of the processing of herbal medicines in traditional Chinese medicine.

Topics: Chlorogenic Acid; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flowers; Lonicera; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Materia Medica; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Plants, Medicinal; Quinic Acid

Five active compounds, chlorogenic acid, 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, jaceosidin, and eupatilin, in Artemisia princeps (Compositae) were simultaneously determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography connected to diode array detector. The morphological resemblance between A. princeps and A. capillaris makes it difficult to properly identify species properly. It occasionally leads to misuse or misapplication in Korean traditional medicine. In the study, the discrimination between A. princeps and A. capillaris was optimally performed by the developed validation method, which resulted in definitely a difference between two species. Also, it was developed the most reliable markers contributing to the discrimination of two species by the multivariate analysis methods, such as a principal component analysis and a partial least squares discrimination analysis.

Topics: Artemisia; Calibration; Chlorogenic Acid; Chromatography, Liquid; Discriminant Analysis; Flavonoids; Least-Squares Analysis; Medicine, Korean Traditional; Monosaccharides; Multivariate Analysis; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Principal Component Analysis; Quinic Acid; Reference Standards; Reproducibility of Results; Species Specificity

A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for simultaneous determination of chlorogenic acid, scutellarin, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid in different parts of Erigerontis Herba.. The four constituents were measured on an Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 column (4.6 mm x 450 mm, 5 microm) with a gradient elution of acetonitrile (A) -0.3% phosphoric acid solution (B) (0-10 min, 12%-15% A, 10-32 min, 15% A, 32-33 min, 15%-20% A, 33-50 min, 20%-22% A) at wavelength of 335 nm and 327 nm, and a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1) and the column temperature was 30 degrees C.. Linearity of each standard was established in the concentration range of 0.050 1-1.002 microg for chlorogenic acid, 0.165 9-3.318 microg for chlorogenic acid, 0.049 7-0.994 microg for 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 0.048 7-0.974 p.g for 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid respectively, with correlation coefficient r > 0.999 6. Average recoveries (n = 6) of 4 compounds were 98.53% with a RSD of 0.94%, 99.68% with a RSD of 0.49%, 98.78% with a RSD of 1.1%, 99.06% with a RSD of 0.81%, respectively.. The developed method is simple, accurate, and precise, it can be used for the quantitative analysis of Erigeron breviscapus.

Topics: Apigenin; Chlorogenic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Erigeron; Glucuronates; Quinic Acid

The aerial parts of Scorzonera aristata Ramond ex DC., collected in the South Tyrolean Dolomites, yielded the flavonoids quercetin 3-O-glucoside, rutin, and isoorientin, and the caffeic acid derivatives chlorogenic acid, 4,5-dicaffeoyl quinic acid, and 3,5-dicaffeoyl quinic acid. Sub-aerial parts contained caffeic acid methyl ester, 3,5-dicaffeoyl quinic acid, and the triterpenes 3alpha-hydroxyolean-5-ene, lupeol, and magnificol. Chemosystematic implications of the isolated compounds are discussed briefly.

Topics: Austria; Caffeic Acids; Chlorogenic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Quinic Acid; Scorzonera; Triterpenes