hyperoside and rhamnetin

Three new coumarins (1-3), a prenylated flavanone (4), and two iridoids (5 and 6), together with 17 known secondary metabolites, were isolated from the aerial parts of Arcytophyllum thymifolium. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of their spectroscopic data. The potential hypoglycemic properties of the new and known compounds were evaluated by measuring their α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects. The iridoid asperulosidic acid (15) and the flavonoid rhamnetin (13) showed the highest activities versus α-amylase (IC50 = 69.4 ± 3.1 and 73.9 ± 5.9 μM, respectively). In turn, the new eriodictyol derivative 4 exhibited the most potent effect as an α-glucosidase inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 28.1 ± 2.6 μM, and was more active than acarbose, used as a positive control. Modeling studies were also performed to suggest the interaction mode of compound 4 in the α-glucosidase enzyme active site.

Topics: Acarbose; Algorithms; alpha-Amylases; alpha-Glucosidases; Coumarins; Ecuador; Enzyme Inhibitors; Flavanones; Flavonoids; Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; Hypoglycemic Agents; Iridoids; Molecular Structure; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Quercetin; Rubiaceae

To study the chemical constituents of the herb of Antenoron filiforme.. The constituents were separated by column chromatography and their structures were elucidated by spectral data analyses.. Eleven compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract of A. filiforme and identified as, bronane-5-hydroxy-2-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (I), adenosine (II), bonaroside (III), rhamnetin (IV), hyperoside (V), rhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside (VI), kaempferol-3, 7-O-bis-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (VII), stigmasterol (VIII), nonacosanoic acid (IX), daucosterol (X), 3beta-sitosterol (XI).. All compounds are obtained from A. filiforme for the first time.

Topics: Adenosine; Flavonols; Glucosides; Molecular Structure; Plants, Medicinal; Polygonaceae; Quercetin; Sitosterols; Stigmasterol