hyperoside and caffeic-acid

Three anti-inflammatory compounds: nepetin, jaceosidin and hispidulin have been isolated and identified from Eupatorium arnottianum Griseb. dichloromethane extract. Nepetin reduced the TPA mouse ear edema by 46.9% and jaceosidin by 23.2% (1mg/ear). Both compounds inhibited the NF kappaB induction by 91 and 77%, respectively. Furthermore phytochemical analysis of the ethanol extract has led to the identification of eriodictyol, hyperoside, rutin, caffeic and chlorogenic acids. All these compounds are reported for the first time in this species. The finding of topical antiinflammatory activity exerted by Eupatorium arnottianum extract and the identification of active principles could support the use of this plant for the treatment of inflammatory affections.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Caffeic Acids; Carrageenan; Cell Survival; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ear, External; Edema; Eupatorium; Female; Flavanones; Flavones; Flavonoids; HeLa Cells; Humans; Jurkat Cells; Mice; Molecular Structure; Plant Extracts; Quercetin; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate

We isolated the phenolic compounds epicatechin, catechin, procyanidin B-1, procyanidin B-2, hyperin and caffeic acid from the hooks and stems of Uncaria sinensis (HSUS), and studied their protective effects against glutamate-induced neuronal death in cultured rat cerebellar granule cells. Cell viability evaluated by MTT assay was significantly increased by application of epicatechin (100-300 microM), catechin (300 microM), procyanidin B-1 (30-300 microM) and procyanidin B-2 (100-300 microM) compared with exposure to glutamate only. 45Ca2+ influx into cells induced by glutamate was also significantly inhibited by administration ofepicatechin (300 microM), catechin (300 microM), procyanidin B-1 (100-300 microM) and procyanidin B-2 (100-300 microM). These results suggest that epicatechin, catechin, procyanidin B-1 and procyanidin B-2 are the active components of HSUS that protect against glutamate-induced neuronal death in cultured cerebellar granule cells by inhibition of Ca2+ influx.

Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Caffeic Acids; Calcium; Catechin; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Structure; Neurons; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Plant Stems; Plants, Medicinal; Proanthocyanidins; Quercetin; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rubiaceae

The aqueous and ethanol extracts from the leaves of Gochnatia polymorpha and further fractions obtained from the latter extract using solvents with increasing polarity, including its aqueous residue and the amino acid, 4-hydroxy-N-methyl-proline were investigated by carrageenin-induced pedal oedema formation. It was shown that the aqueous and ethanol extracts and the ethyl acetate fraction demonstrated significant antiinflammatory activity. The chemical investigation of the latter fraction revealed the presence of caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, 3-0-methylquercetin, hyperosid and rutin. The amino acid 4-hydroxy-N-methyl-proline, a nonprotein amino acid that has not been reported before in the Asteraceae was isolated as a major compound and identified by spectroscopic methods.

Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Antiviral Agents; Brazil; Caffeic Acids; Chlorogenic Acid; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Edema; Flavonols; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Plants, Medicinal; Proline; Quercetin; Rats; Rutin