histamine has been researched along with pargyline in 56 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 45 (80.36) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 7 (12.50) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 3 (5.36) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 1 (1.79) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Choi, SS; Contrera, JF; Hastings, KL; Kruhlak, NL; Sancilio, LF; Weaver, JL; Willard, JM | 1 |
| Cantin, LD; Chen, H; Kenna, JG; Noeske, T; Stahl, S; Walker, CL; Warner, DJ | 1 |
| Kilgallon, B; Shepherd, DM | 1 |
| Foon, KA; Oppenheim, JJ; Rosenstreich, DL; Wahl, SM | 1 |
| Gorkin, VZ; Romanova, LA; Stalnaya, ID | 1 |
| Hough, LB; Licata, SP; Nalwalk, JW | 2 |
| Cohen, DL; Hanahoe, TH; Purcell, WM | 1 |
| Itoh, Y; Nishibori, M; Oishi, R; Saeki, K | 10 |
| Blandina, P; Green, JP; Knott, PJ; Leung, LK | 1 |
| Garbarg, M; Gros, C; Pollard, H; Schwartz, JC; Trung Tuong, MD | 1 |
| Green, JP; Hough, LB; Khandelwal, JK; Prell, GD | 1 |
| Oishi, R; Saeki, K; Yoshitomi, I | 1 |
| Araki, Y; Fukuda, T; Itoh, Y; Nishibori, M; Oishi, R; Saeki, K | 1 |
| Hough, LB | 1 |
| Koyama, S; Oishi, R; Saeki, K; Senoh, S | 1 |
| Itoh, Y; Oishi, R; Saeki, K; Yoshitomi, I | 1 |
| Jacobson, KA; Kirk, KL; Kitajima, Y; Linnoila, M; Mine, K | 1 |
| Brimijoin, S; Trendelenburg, U | 1 |
| Palmer, GC; Robison, GA; Sulser, F | 1 |
| Airaksinen, MM; Julkunen, RJ; Puro, K | 1 |
| Bhagat, B | 2 |
| Shaw, GG | 1 |
| Reilly, MA; Schayer, RW | 2 |
| Bischoff, S; Pollard, H; Schwartz, JC | 1 |
| Håkanson, R; Lilja, B; Owman, C; Thunell, S | 1 |
| Simpson, LL | 1 |
| Gorkin, VZ; Samed, MM; Veryovkina, IV | 1 |
| Abdel Samed, MH; Akopyan, ZI; Gorkin, VZ; Kulygina, AA; Veryovkina, IV | 1 |
| Beaven, MA; Cho, AK; Isaac, L | 1 |
| Trendelenburg, U | 1 |
| Foster, LL; Landez, JH; Medina, MA | 1 |
| Askenase, PW; Gershon, RK; Schwartz, A; Siegel, JN | 1 |
| Cohen, RM; Garrick, NA; Karoum, F; Linnoila, M; Murphy, DL; Roy, B; Siever, LJ; Wyatt, RJ | 1 |
| Nishibori, M; Oishi, R; Saeki, K | 2 |
| Green, JP; Hough, LB; Khandelwal, JK | 2 |
| Kurokawa, M; Oohara, A; Sakata, T; Yoshimatsu, H | 1 |
| Kurokawa, M; Oishi, R; Oohara, A; Saeki, K; Sakata, T; Yoshimatsu, H | 1 |
| Murakami, Y; Okuma, Y; Osumi, Y; Yokotani, K | 1 |
| Fujise, T; Kang, M; Kurokawa, M; Nakata, M; Oohara, A; Sakata, T; Yoshimatsu, H | 1 |
| Kang, M; Kurokawa, M; Ogawa, R; Sakata, T; Yoshimatsu, H | 1 |
| Barnes, W; Boyd, D; Hough, L | 1 |
| Carpéné, C; Heniquez, A; Meissonnier, G; Prévot, D; Visentin, V | 1 |
56 other study(ies) available for histamine and pargyline
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Development of a phospholipidosis database and predictive quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models.
Topics: | 2008 |
Mitigating the inhibition of human bile salt export pump by drugs: opportunities provided by physicochemical property modulation, in silico modeling, and structural modification.
Topics: Animals; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 11; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Bile Acids and Salts; Cell Line; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Humans; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship | 2012 |
Urinary methylhistamine as an index of histamine formation during histidine decarboxylase inhibition in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Carboxy-Lyases; Guanidines; Histamine; Histidine Decarboxylase; Male; Methylhistamines; Pargyline; Rats; Time Factors | 1978 |
Serotonin-induced production of a monocyte chemotactic factor by human peripheral blood leukocytes.
Topics: Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; Cycloheximide; Drug Synergism; Histamine; Humans; Leukocytes; Methysergide; Monocytes; Pargyline; Serotonin; Stimulation, Chemical; Time Factors | 1976 |
Deamination of biogenic amines and other nitrogenous compounds in granulation tissue from experimental wounds.
Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Animals; Biogenic Amines; Deamination; Depression, Chemical; Granulation Tissue; Histamine; Hydroxyproline; Lipid Metabolism; Lysine; Male; Monoamine Oxidase; Pargyline; Rats; Serotonin; Skin; Stimulation, Chemical; Tyramine | 1975 |
Differential effects of morphine on histamine metabolism in brain and spinal cord of mice.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Histamine; Methylhistamines; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred DBA; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Morphine; Pargyline; Spinal Cord | 1990 |
Actions of morphine on histamine dynamics in the mouse brain: a strain comparison.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Histamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred DBA; Morphine; Pargyline; Species Specificity | 1990 |
Contribution of post-secretory mechanisms to the observed pattern of histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine secretion from peritoneal rat mast cells in response to compound 48/80.
Topics: Amitriptyline; Animals; Biological Transport; Cell Separation; Clomipramine; Female; Fluoxetine; Histamine; Histamine Release; Mast Cells; Nialamide; Pargyline; Peritoneal Cavity; Phosphatidylserines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Secretory Rate; Serotonin; Temperature | 1989 |
Effects of the histamine H3-agonist (R)-alpha-methylhistamine and the antagonist thioperamide on histamine metabolism in the mouse and rat brain.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Histamine; Histamine Antagonists; Kinetics; Male; Methylhistamines; Mice; Pargyline; Piperidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Histamine; Receptors, Histamine H3; Tissue Distribution | 1989 |
delta 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol decreases turnover of brain histamine.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Dronabinol; Female; Guinea Pigs; Histamine; Histamine Release; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Methylhistamines; Methylhistidines; Mice; Pargyline; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1985 |
Changes in histamine metabolism in the brains of mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Histamine; Histamine N-Methyltransferase; Histidine; Histidine Decarboxylase; Hypothalamus; Male; Methylhistamines; Mice; Pargyline; Starvation | 1989 |
Stimulation of histamine H2 receptor in rat hypothalamus releases endogenous norepinephrine.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Histamine; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Norepinephrine; Pargyline; Ranitidine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Histamine H2; Tyrosine | 1989 |
tele-Methylhistamine levels and histamine turnover in nuclei of the rat hypothalamus and amygdala.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Histamine; Hypothalamus; Male; Methylhistamines; Pargyline; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tissue Distribution | 1989 |
Sensitive radioimmunoassays for histamine and tele-methylhistamine in the brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cross Reactions; Histamine; Histidine Decarboxylase; Male; Methylhistamines; Methylhistidines; Organ Specificity; Pargyline; Piperidines; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Tritium | 1989 |
Involvement of opioid receptors in phencyclidine-induced enhancement of brain histamine turnover in mice.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Haloperidol; Histamine; Histidine Decarboxylase; Ketamine; Male; Methylhistidines; Mice; Naloxone; Pargyline; Phenazocine; Phencyclidine; Receptors, Opioid | 1987 |
pros-methylimidazoleacetic acid in rat brain: its regional distribution and relationship to metabolic pathways of histamine.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Histamine; Histidine; Hypothalamus; Imidazoles; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Methylhistidines; Pargyline; Pituitary Gland; Pons; Probenecid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tissue Distribution | 1989 |
Involvement of opioid and non-opioid mechanisms in footshock-induced enhancement of brain histamine turnover in mice.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Atropine; Brain; Electroshock; Fenclonine; Foot; Histamine; Male; Methylhistamines; Methyltyrosines; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Naloxone; Pargyline | 1986 |
Diazepam-induced decrease in histamine turnover in mouse brain.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepinones; Brain; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Flumazenil; Histamine; Male; Methylhistamines; Mice; Muscimol; Pargyline | 1986 |
Histamine turnover in the brain of morphine-dependent mice.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Folic Acid Antagonists; Histamine; Histidine; Male; Methylhistamines; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Pargyline; Pyrimethamine; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1988 |
Barbiturate-induced inhibition of rat brain histamine turnover.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Histamine; Male; Pargyline; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1987 |
Comparison of effects of phencyclidine and methamphetamine on body temperature in mice: a possible role for histamine neurons in thermoregulation.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Body Temperature Regulation; Brain Chemistry; Histamine; Male; Methamphetamine; Methylhistamines; Mice; Neurons; Pargyline; Phencyclidine; Time Factors | 1986 |
Drug-induced changes in histamine and tele-methylhistamine levels in mouse peripheral tissues.
Topics: Animals; Fasting; Guanidines; Histamine; Kinetics; Male; Methylhistamines; Methylhistidines; Mice; Pargyline | 1986 |
Brain histamine turnover enhanced by footshock.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Electroshock; Foot; Histamine; Male; Methylhistamines; Methylhistidines; Mice; Pargyline; Pyrimethamine | 1986 |
Simultaneous determination of histamine and N tau-methylhistamine with high-performance liquid chromatography using electrochemical detection.
Topics: Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Electrochemistry; Histamine; Hypothalamus; Imidazoles; Male; Methylhistamines; Pargyline; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Succinimides | 1986 |
Morphine-induced changes in histamine dynamics in mouse brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Histamine; Male; Methylhistamines; Methylhistidines; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Pargyline; Spinal Cord | 1985 |
Decrease in histamine turnover in the brain of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Brain; Brain Stem; Histamine; Hypothalamus; Male; Methylhistamines; Pargyline; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Telencephalon | 1985 |
Changes in histamine metabolism in the mouse hypothalamus induced by acute administration of ethanol.
Topics: Animals; Ethanol; Histamine; Hypothalamus; Male; Methylhistamines; Methylhistidines; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Pargyline; Pyrimethamine; Time Factors | 1985 |
Reserpine-induced release of norepinephrine from isolated spontaneously beating guinea-pig atria.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Depression, Chemical; Drug Antagonism; Female; Guinea Pigs; Heart; Heart Atria; Histamine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Myocardium; Norepinephrine; Pargyline; Reserpine; Sinoatrial Node; Stimulation, Chemical | 1971 |
Effects of neurohumoral and adrenergic agents on cyclic AMP levels in various areas of the rat brain in vitro.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Brain; Brain Stem; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Cyclic AMP; Dopamine; Hippocampus; Histamine; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mesencephalon; Norepinephrine; Pargyline; Prostaglandins; Rats; Reserpine; Serotonin; Theophylline; Time Factors | 1973 |
Effects of reserpine and 5-hydroxytryptamine on the secretion of mucopolysaccharides in gastric juice of rats.
Topics: Animals; Gastric Juice; Glycosaminoglycans; Hexosamines; Hexoses; Histamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Male; Neostigmine; Neuraminic Acids; Pargyline; Rats; Reserpine; Serotonin | 1970 |
The influence of sympathetic nervous activity on cardiac catecholamine levels.
Topics: Animals; Bretylium Compounds; Chlorisondamine; Cold Temperature; Drug Antagonism; Enzymes; Ethers; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium Compounds; Histamine; Hydrazines; Male; Methyltyrosines; Myocardium; Naphthalenes; Norepinephrine; Pargyline; Pempidine; Rats; Sympathetic Nervous System; Tritium; Tyrosine; Xylenes | 1967 |
Influence of chronic administration of nicotine on the turnover and metabolism of noradrenaline in the rat brain.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Catecholamines; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Histamine; Hydrazines; Kinetics; Male; Nicotine; Norepinephrine; Normetanephrine; Pargyline; Rats; Reserpine; Tritium | 1970 |
Hypothermia produced in mice by histamine acting on the central nervous system.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Atropine; Body Temperature; Body Temperature Regulation; Central Nervous System; Cerebral Ventricles; Depression, Chemical; Female; Fever; Histamine; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Injections; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Pargyline; Phentolamine; Piperazines; Tranylcypromine | 1971 |
Effect of psychoactive drugs on in vivo metabolism of 14C-histamine in mouse brain.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Carbon Isotopes; Chlorpromazine; Dextroamphetamine; Female; Histamine; Imipramine; Lithium; Mice; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Pargyline; Pentobarbital; Phenelzine; Tranquilizing Agents; Tranylcypromine; Trifluoperazine | 1973 |
Turnover of histamine in rat brain and its decrease under barbiturate anesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Brain; Carbon Radioisotopes; Carboxy-Lyases; Cerebral Cortex; Female; Fluorometry; Histamine; Histidine; Hypothalamus; Methylation; Mitochondria; Pargyline; Rats; Subcellular Fractions; Synaptosomes; Thiopental; Time Factors; Tritium | 1974 |
Changes in gastric secretion induced by certain amines, amine precursors and related enzyme inhibitors.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Amines; Amino Acids; Animals; Carboxy-Lyases; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine; Female; Gastric Juice; Gastrins; Hexosamines; Histamine; Histidine; Hydrazines; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Indoles; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Pargyline; Pepsin A; Radiometry; Rats; Serotonin; Tritium | 1967 |
Evidence for the non-specificity of the interaction between 5-hydroxytryptamine and botulinum toxin.
Topics: Animals; Antitoxins; Clostridium botulinum; Histamine; Mice; Pargyline; Serotonin; Time Factors | 1968 |
Techniques for measring histamine formation in mice.
Topics: Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing); Animals; Carbon Isotopes; Female; Guanidines; Histamine; Histidine; Methods; Methyltransferases; Mice; Pargyline | 1971 |
Mitochondrial monoamine oxidase of rat liver: reversible qualitative alterations in catalytic properties.
Topics: Acetamides; Adenosine Monophosphate; Alkylation; Amines; Animals; Catalysis; Copper; Enzyme Activation; Ethylmaleimide; Histamine; Hydroxylamines; Iodoacetates; Isoniazid; Liver; Male; Membranes; Mitochondria, Liver; Monoamine Oxidase; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Oleic Acids; Oxidation-Reduction; Pargyline; Rats; Sulfates; Tranylcypromine; Tyramine | 1972 |
Effect of monoamine oxidase inhibitors on qualitative alterations in enzymatic properties of mitochondrial monoamine oxidases.
Topics: Animals; Copper; Deamination; Histamine; Iproniazid; Lysine; Male; Mitochondria, Liver; Monoamine Oxidase; Oleic Acids; Pargyline; Polyamines; Protein Denaturation; Rats; Tranylcypromine; Tyramine | 1971 |
Decline of histidine decarboxylase activity and histamine levels in rat stomach after reserpine.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Benzyl Compounds; Carbon Isotopes; Carbon Radioisotopes; Carboxy-Lyases; Chlorisondamine; Diet; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopa Decarboxylase; Fasting; Gastric Mucosa; Guanethidine; Guanidines; Histamine; Histidine; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Pargyline; Phenoxybenzamine; Phentolamine; Proteins; Rats; Reserpine; Stomach; Time Factors; Tritium; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 1971 |
The effect of cocaine on the pacemaker of isolated guinea-pig atria.
Topics: Animals; Atrial Function; Cocaine; Depression, Chemical; Guinea Pigs; Heart Atria; Heart Conduction System; Heart Rate; Histamine; In Vitro Techniques; Norepinephrine; Pargyline; Propranolol; Reserpine; Sinoatrial Node; Stimulation, Chemical | 1968 |
Inhibition of tissue histamine formation by decaborane.
Topics: Animals; Boron Compounds; Brain Chemistry; Carboxy-Lyases; Chlorpromazine; Female; Guinea Pigs; Histamine; Histidine; Hydrazines; Kidney; Liver; Male; Mice; Myocardium; Pargyline; Rabbits; Rats; Reserpine; Stomach; Time Factors | 1969 |
Role of histamine in the regulation of cell-mediated immunity.
Topics: Animals; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; Histamine; Histamine Release; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Immunity, Cellular; Mast Cells; Mice; Pargyline; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory | 1981 |
Clinical and laboratory studies with selective monoamine-oxidase-inhibiting drugs. Implications for hypothesized neurotransmitter changes associated with depression and antidepressant drug effects.
Topics: Behavior; Biogenic Amines; Clorgyline; Depressive Disorder; Dopamine; Histamine; Humans; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Norepinephrine; Pargyline; Phenethylamines; Selegiline; Serotonin; Tyramine | 1983 |
Histamine turnover in the brain of different mammalian species: implications for neuronal histamine half-life.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Female; Guinea Pigs; Half-Life; Histamine; Histidine Decarboxylase; Hypothalamus; Kinetics; Male; Methylhistamines; Methylhistidines; Mice; Neurons; Pargyline; Rats; Species Specificity; Spinal Cord; Tissue Distribution | 1984 |
Regional distribution of the histamine metabolite, tele-methylimidazoleacetic acid, in rat brain: effects of pargyline and probenecid.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Histamine; Imidazoles; Male; Pargyline; Probenecid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tissue Distribution | 1984 |
Regional differences in the turnover of neuronal histamine in the rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Stem; Half-Life; Histamine; Hypothalamus; Male; Methylhistamines; Methylhistidines; Neurons; Pargyline; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Telencephalon; Thalamus | 1984 |
Effects of pargyline on tele-methylhistamine and histamine in rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Female; Histamine; Male; Methylhistamines; Pargyline; Phenethylamines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors | 1982 |
A physiological role of brain histamine during energy deficiency.
Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Brain; Cerebral Ventricles; Deoxyglucose; Energy Metabolism; Histamine; Infusions, Parenteral; Insulin; Male; Methylhistamines; Pargyline; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1994 |
Neuronal glucoprivation enhances hypothalamic histamine turnover in rats.
Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Cerebral Ventricles; Deoxyglucose; Histamine; Hypoglycemia; Hypothalamus; Infusions, Parenteral; Insulin; Kinetics; Male; Methylhistamines; Pargyline; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors | 1994 |
Brain histamine mediates the bombesin-induced central activation of sympatho-adrenomedullary outflow.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Bombesin; Brain; Epinephrine; Histamine; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Histamine H2 Antagonists; Hypothalamus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Norepinephrine; Pargyline; Pyrilamine; Ranitidine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sympathetic Nervous System | 1997 |
Satiation and masticatory function modulated by brain histamine in rats.
Topics: Animals; Feeding Behavior; Histamine; Hypothalamus; Male; Mastication; Methylhistamines; Methylhistidines; Pargyline; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Satiation; Trigeminal Nuclei; Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus | 1998 |
Prostaglandin E2 mediates activation of hypothalamic histamine by interleukin-1beta in rats.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature Regulation; Dinoprostone; Enzyme Activation; Histamine; Histamine N-Methyltransferase; Histamine Release; Histidine Decarboxylase; Hypothalamus; Indomethacin; Infusions, Intravenous; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intraventricular; Interleukin-1; Male; Pargyline; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1999 |
Dynamics of histamine H(3) receptor antagonists on brain histamine metabolism: do all histamine H(3) receptor antagonists act at a single site?
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Histamine; Histamine Antagonists; Imidazoles; Male; Methylhistamines; Mice; Pargyline; Piperidines; Rats; Receptors, Histamine H3; Thiourea | 2001 |
Histamine antilipolytic action in rat adipocytes: comparison with the effect of tyramine.
Topics: Adipocytes; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Benzylamines; Histamine; Hypoglycemic Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Insulin; Isoproterenol; Lipolysis; Male; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Pargyline; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tyramine | 2003 |