hispidin and 1-1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl

Acrylamide (AA), a well-known toxicant, has attracted numerous attentions for its presumably carcinogenesis, neurotoxicity and cytotoxicity. Oxidative stress was considered to be associated with acrylamide cytotoxicity, but the link between oxidative stress and acrylamide cytotoxicity is still unclear. In the present study, hispidin produced from the edible fungus Phellinus linteus displayed dramatically antioxidant activities against DPPH radicals, ABTS radicals, ferric reducing and hydroxyl radicals, as well as superoxide anion radicals. Moreover, the cytoprotective effect of hispidin against AA-induced oxidative stress was verified upon Caco-2 cells according to evaluate the cell viability, intracellular ROS, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and glutathione (GSH) in the presence or absence of AA (5 mM) in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, our results demonstrated for the first time that hispidin was able to inhibit AA-induced oxidative stress, which might have implication for the dietary preventive application.

Topics: Acrylamide; Basidiomycota; Benzothiazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Caco-2 Cells; Cell Survival; Glutathione; Humans; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Oxidative Stress; Picrates; Pyrones; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sulfonic Acids; Superoxides

Five new hispidin derivatives, phaeolschidins A-E (1-5), as well as two known natural products, pinillidine (6) and hispidin (7), were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Phaeolus schweinitzii collected in the Tibetan Plateau. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Phaeolschidins A-D (1-4) are new bishispidins. Phaeolschidin E (5) is a new class of hispidin derivative in which one pyrrolidin-2-one moiety was linked to C-3 of hispidin. The antioxidant activity of 1-7 was evaluated using three methods: the DPPH scavenging assay, the total antioxidant capacity assay, and the lipid peroxidation assay. Hispidin showed the strongest antioxidant activity of all tested compounds. This is the first report of secondary metabolites from the fungus P. schweinitzii.

Topics: Agaricales; Antioxidants; Biphenyl Compounds; Fruiting Bodies, Fungal; Lipid Peroxidation; Molecular Structure; Oxidation-Reduction; Picrates; Pyrones; Tibet

Phellinus linteus, which is a traditional medicinal mushroom used in Asian countries for the treatment of various diseases, has attracted a lot of attention due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenicity, and cell-mediated immunity properties in addition to its ability to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. However, the antidiabetic efficacy of P. linteus has not yet been examined. In this study, hispidin from P. linteus exhibited quenching effects against DPPH radicals, superoxide radicals, and hydrogen peroxide in a dose-dependent manner. Intracellular reactive oxygen species scavenging activity of hispidin was approximately 55% at a concentration of 30 microM. In addition, hispidin was shown to inhibit hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis and increased insulin secretion in hydrogen peroxide-treated cells. These combined results indicate that hispidin may act as an antidiabetic and that this property occurs through preventing beta-cells from the toxic action of reactive oxygen species in diabetes.

Topics: Agaricales; Animals; Apoptosis; Biphenyl Compounds; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Free Radical Scavengers; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Insulin-Secreting Cells; Medicine, East Asian Traditional; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Osmolar Concentration; Oxidants; Oxidative Stress; Picrates; Pyrones; Rats; Superoxides; Time Factors

Three new highly oxygenated and unsaturated metabolites named interfungins A (1), B (2), and C (3), which provide a diversity of hispidin class compounds in the fungi Inonotus and Phellinus, were isolated from the methanolic extract of the fruiting body of the fungus Inonotus xeranticus (Hymenochaetaceae). Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods. The existence of these functionalized metabolites implies that inoscavin A, davallialactone, and phelligridin F, which were previously isolated from the fungi Inonotus and Phellinus spp., are derived from 1. Compound 1 is derived from the condensation of hispidin and hispolon. Inoscavins B and C previously isolated from the fungus I. xeranticus are most probably derived from 2 which stemmed from the oxidative coupling of 3,4-dihydroxybenzalacetone and hispidin. This class of compounds exhibited significant free radical scavenging activity against the superoxide radical cation, ABTS radical anion, and DPPH radical.

Topics: Agaricales; Antioxidants; Benzothiazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Free Radical Scavengers; Fruiting Bodies, Fungal; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Weight; Oxidants; Picrates; Pyrones; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Sulfonic Acids; Superoxides

Three new free radical scavengers were isolated from the methanolic extract of the fruiting bodies of Inonotus xeranticus (Hymenochaetaceae), along with the known compound davallialactone. Their structures were established as hispidin analogs by extensive NMR spectral data. Compounds 3 and 4 displayed significant scavenging activity against the superoxide radical anion, ABTS radical cation, and DPPH radical, while 1 and 2 exhibited potent antioxidative activity only against ABTS radical cation.

Topics: Agaricales; Anions; Antioxidants; Benzothiazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Cations; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Structure; Picrates; Pyrones; Reference Standards; Stereoisomerism; Sulfonic Acids; Superoxides

In the course of screening for reactive oxygen species scavengers from natural products, an antioxidant was isolated from the mycelial culture broth of Phellinus linteus and identified as hispidin. The hispidin content was reached its maximum level at 12 days after onset of inoculation. About 2.5 mg/mL of hispidin was produced by P. linteus in a yeast-malt medium (pH 5.8, 25 degrees C). Hispidin inhibited 22.6 and 56.8% of the super oxide anion radical, 79.4 and 95.3% of the hydroxyl radical, and 28.1 and 85.5% of the DPPH radical at 0.1 and 1.0 mM, respectively. The positive control alpha-tocopherol scavenged 25.6 and 60.3%, 74.6 and 96.3%, and 32.7 and 77.5% of each radical, respectively, at the same concentrations. However, hispidin showed no significant activity on the hydrogen peroxide radical.

Topics: Agaricales; Antioxidants; Biphenyl Compounds; Hydrazines; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Mycelium; Picrates; Pyrones; Superoxides; Time Factors