glutamine has been researched along with chlorine in 85 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 35 (41.18) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 19 (22.35) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 22 (25.88) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 8 (9.41) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (1.18) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Giammarco, R; Goldstein, MB; Halperin, ML; Stinebaugh, DJ; Yu, HL | 1 |
| Abramson, RG; Lipkowitz, MS; London, RD | 1 |
| Baquet, A; Gustafson, L; Hue, L; Meijer, AJ; van Woerkom, GM | 1 |
| Bangdiwala, SI; Gatzy, JT; Keku, EO; Lecce, JG; Rhoads, JM; Woodard, JP | 1 |
| Darmaun, D; Dechelotte, P; Desjeux, JF; Gotteland, M; Nath, SK; Rongier, M | 1 |
| Keku, EO; Lecce, JG; Quinn, J; Rhoads, JM; Woosely, J | 1 |
| Bennett, LE; Keku, EO; Lecce, JG; Quinn, J; Rhoads, JM | 1 |
| Ebner, J; Ferenci, P; Zimmermann, C | 1 |
| Mackenzie, W | 1 |
| Ching, S; Gabuzda, GJ; Rogoff, TM | 1 |
| Even, HL; Larimore, F; Roon, RJ | 1 |
| Burg, M; Orloff, J | 1 |
| Diena, BB; Greenberg, L; Kenny, CP; Wallace, R | 1 |
| Mitnick, M; Reichlin, S | 1 |
| Jephcott, AE | 1 |
| Delaval, E; Geloso, JP | 1 |
| Moore, R; Tannen, RL; Wedell, E | 1 |
| Alben, JO; Bare, GH; Brinhall, B; Bromberg, PA; Jones, RT; Padilla, F | 1 |
| Bergström, J; Fürst, P; Norée, LO; Vinnars, E | 1 |
| Gerlach, D; Köhler, W | 1 |
| Coulson, RA; Hernandez, T | 1 |
| Denton, MD; Ginsburg, A | 1 |
| Anderson, PM; Foley, R; Poon, J | 1 |
| Horowitz, B; Meister, A | 1 |
| Berlin, RD; Tsan, MF | 1 |
| Okabe, S; Takagi, K | 1 |
| Buchanan, JM; Li, HC | 2 |
| Weil-Malherbe, H | 1 |
| Krishnaswamy, PR; Ramakrishna, M | 1 |
| Fisher, KE; Merkler, DJ; Shreve, DS; Wedler, FC | 1 |
| Häussinger, D; Lang, F; Schreiber, R; Stoll, B | 1 |
| Bender, AS; Norenberg, MD | 1 |
| Erecińska, M; Nelson, D; Rumsey, WL | 1 |
| Bennett, DJ; Shank, RP | 1 |
| Argenzio, RA; Armstrong, M; Gomez, G; Rhoads, JM | 1 |
| Biggers, JD; Lawitts, JA; Lechene, CP | 1 |
| Efimov, VP; Engel, J; Kammerer, RA; Malashkevich, VN; Schulthess, T | 1 |
| Miller, C | 1 |
| Chowdhury, AK; Islam, S; Mahalanabis, D; Rahman, AS; Wahed, MA | 1 |
| Dagher, G; Griffiths, N; Sauterey, C; Siaume-Perez, S; Thomas, SR | 1 |
| Clarke, SM; Eaton-Rye, JJ; Morgan, TR; Shand, JA | 1 |
| Bains, JS; Shaw, CA | 1 |
| Harris, TK; Massiah, MA; Mildvan, AS; Wu, G | 1 |
| Bienengraeber, M; Echtay, KS; Klingenberg, M; Winkler, E | 1 |
| Kufryk, GI; Vermaas, WF | 1 |
| Argenzio, R; Blikslager, A; Guerrant, R; Hunt, E; Rhoads, M | 1 |
| Lazarova, T; Padrós, E; Querol, E; Sanz, C; Sepulcre, F | 1 |
| Ballantyne, JS; Chew, SF; Hiong, KC; Ip, YK; Loong, AM; Tam, WL; Wong, WP | 1 |
| VERNADAKIS, A; WOODBURY, DM | 1 |
| HSU, L; TAPPEL, AL | 1 |
| Beck, TL; Kuang, Z; Mahankali, U; Yin, J | 1 |
| Furtmüller, PG; Jakopitsch, C; Jantschko, W; Moguilevsky, N; Neugschwandtner, K; Obinger, C; Zederbauer, M | 1 |
| Chen, CY; Cooley, BC; Schmeling, G | 1 |
| Müller, V; Oesterhelt, D; Palm, P; Pfeiffer, F; Saum, SH; Sydow, JF | 1 |
| Linsdell, P; Zhou, JJ | 1 |
| Edwards, RH | 1 |
| Brändli, AW; Lecca, MR; Nowik, M; Rehrauer, H; Velic, A; Wagner, CA | 1 |
| Jia, K; Xu, B; Xu, Z | 1 |
| Molchanova, SM; Oja, SS; Saransaari, P | 1 |
| Draguhn, A; Kolbaev, S | 1 |
| Chew, SF; Ip, YK; Loong, AM; Peh, WY; Tok, CY; Wong, WP | 1 |
| Deng, X; Deng, Y; Gao, J; Tian, Y; Xin, X; Xu, B; Xu, Z | 1 |
| Aschner, M; Lee, E; Mingwei, N; Sidoryk-Wegrzynowicz, M | 1 |
| Aschner, M; Lee, E; Sidoryk-Wegrzynowicz, M | 1 |
| Cyert, MS; Guiney, EL; Holmes, KJ; Klass, DM | 1 |
| Ganapathi, A; Manickavasagam, M; Selvaraj, N; Sivanandhan, G | 1 |
| Colla, AR; Dal-Cim, T; Manosso, LM; Moretti, M; Ribeiro, CM; Rodrigues, AL; Tasca, CI | 1 |
| Chen, JW; Deng, XF; Jiang, YM; Li, SJ; Li, Y; Luo, YN; Mo, YH; Ou, CY; Ou, SY; Yuan, ZX | 1 |
| Coulter, DA; Dengler, CG; Takano, H; Yue, C | 1 |
| Bearne, SL; McCluskey, GD | 1 |
| Kittredge, A; Owji, AP; Wang, J; Yang, T; Yu, K; Zhang, Y | 1 |
| Darmaun, D; Déchelotte, P; Desjeux, JF; Rongier, M | 1 |
| Miyoshi, T; Namikawa, K; Onoe, Y; Yamamoto, C | 1 |
| Chou, TC; Handschumacher, RE | 1 |
| Pownall, HJ; Smith, LC | 1 |
| Alberti, KG; Blackshear, PJ; Holloway, PA | 1 |
| Meister, A; Pinkus, LM | 1 |
| James, MO; Smith, RL; Williams, RT | 1 |
| Casola, L; Di Matteo, G | 1 |
| Alberts, IL; Nadassy, K; Wodak, SJ | 1 |
| Oesterhelt, D; Paula, S; Tittor, J | 1 |
| Fernandez, M; Heyberger, S; Husain, A; Liu, X; Wouters, MA | 1 |
| Asami, K; Nagai, Y; Nagaoka, Y; Okazaki, T | 1 |
| Argenzio, R; Blikslager, A; Cole, J; Gookin, J; Hunt, E | 1 |
4 review(s) available for glutamine and chlorine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Roles of urea production, ammonium excretion, and amino acid oxidation in acid-base balance.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Bicarbonates; Calcium; Chlorides; Glutamine; Kidney; Liver; Magnesium; Mathematics; Methionine; Nitrogen; Phosphoserine; Potassium; Sodium; Urea | 1986 |
Kidney.
Topics: Acidosis; Ammonia; Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Blood Pressure; Blood Volume; Chlorides; Cyclic AMP; Diuresis; Extracellular Space; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Gluconeogenesis; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Hormones; Hydrostatic Pressure; Kidney; Kidney Glomerulus; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Models, Biological; Osmotic Pressure; Sodium; Sympathetic Nervous System; Water-Electrolyte Balance | 1971 |
Reptiles as research models for comparative biochemistry and endocrinology.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Anaerobiosis; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Carbonates; Chlorides; Gastric Juice; Glutamine; Glycine; Glycolysis; Insulin; Kidney; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Reptiles; Research; Sodium | 1971 |
The neurotransmitter cycle and quantal size.
Topics: Animals; Cell Membrane; Chlorides; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Membrane Potentials; Neurotransmitter Agents; Neurotransmitter Transport Proteins; Proton Pumps; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptic Vesicles | 2007 |
81 other study(ies) available for glutamine and chlorine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Stimulation of ammonia production and excretion in the rabbit by inorganic phosphate. Study of control mechanisms.
Topics: Acidosis; Ammonia; Animals; Biological Transport; Chlorides; Deamination; Dicarboxylic Acids; Feedback; Glutamates; Glutamine; Hydrochloric Acid; Kidney Cortex; Male; Membranes; Mitochondria; Oxygen Consumption; Phosphates; Rabbits; Sodium Chloride; Stimulation, Chemical; Sulfates | 1976 |
Altered membrane ionic permeability in a rat model of chronic renal failure.
Topics: Animals; Cell Membrane Permeability; Chlorides; Cyclic AMP; Erythrocyte Membrane; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney Cortex; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Membrane Potentials; Microvilli; Nephrectomy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1992 |
Mechanism of activation of liver glycogen synthase by swelling.
Topics: Animals; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cells, Cultured; Chlorides; Enzyme Activation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycogen Synthase; Glycogen-Synthase-D Phosphatase; Hypotonic Solutions; Kinetics; Liver; Liver Glycogen; Potassium Chloride; Rats | 1992 |
L-glutamine with D-glucose stimulates oxidative metabolism and NaCl absorption in piglet jejunum.
Topics: Absorption; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biological Transport; Carbohydrates; Chlorides; Glucose; Glutamine; Ions; Jejunum; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen Consumption; Sodium; Sodium Chloride; Swine | 1992 |
[15N]- and [14C]glutamine fluxes across rabbit ileum in experimental bacterial diarrhea.
Topics: Animals; Carbon Radioisotopes; Chlorides; Diarrhea; Electrophysiology; Escherichia coli Infections; Glutamine; Ileum; Male; Nitrogen Isotopes; Rabbits; Sodium | 1992 |
L-glutamine stimulates jejunal sodium and chloride absorption in pig rotavirus enteritis.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Chlorides; Enteritis; Glutamine; Ileum; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Mucosa; Jejunal Diseases; Jejunum; Rotavirus; Rotavirus Infections; Sodium; Swine | 1991 |
Development of L-glutamine-stimulated electroneutral sodium absorption in piglet jejunum.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Chlorides; Electric Conductivity; Electrophysiology; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Mucosa; Jejunum; Mannitol; Muscle Development; Muscle, Smooth; Phenylalanine; Sodium; Swine | 1990 |
Cerebral glutamine metabolism: study of modulatory effects of glutamine on gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic neurotransmission.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Brain; Chlorides; Flunitrazepam; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamine; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Synaptosomes | 1989 |
Renal ammoniagenesis and tissue glutamine, glutamine synthetase, and glutaminase I levels in potassium-deficient rats.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Chlorides; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kidney; Liver; Male; Muscles; Organ Size; Potassium; Potassium Deficiency; Rats; Renal Veins; Sodium | 1973 |
Glutamate synthase: properties of the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent enzyme from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Topics: Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Ammonium Sulfate; Cell-Free System; Chemical Precipitation; Chlorides; Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose; Chromatography, Gel; Culture Media; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamates; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ketoglutaric Acids; Manganese; NAD; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Spectrophotometry | 1974 |
Cultivation and properties of Neisseria sp. grown in chemically defined media.
Topics: Agar; Agglutination Tests; Bacteriological Techniques; Carboxy-Lyases; Chlorides; Culture Media; Filtration; Glucose; Glutamine; Iron; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Neisseria meningitidis; Serotyping; Sterilization | 1972 |
Enzymatic synthesis of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) by hypothalamic "TRH synthetase".
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amides; Animals; Autoradiography; Carbon Isotopes; Chlorides; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Electrophoresis; Glutamates; Glutamine; Histidine; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Iodoacetates; Male; Mercury; Proline; Puromycin; Rats; Ribonucleases; Swine; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 1972 |
Preliminary study of colony type stability of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in liquid culture.
Topics: Agar; Ascitic Fluid; Carbon Dioxide; Chlorides; Culture Media; Glucose; Glutamine; Hemoglobins; Iron; Liver; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Saccharomyces; Temperature; Thiamine Pyrophosphate | 1972 |
[Renal ammoniogenesis in rat fetuses].
Topics: Acidosis; Ammonia; Animals; Chlorides; Female; Glucose; Glutamine; Kidney; Methods; Pregnancy; Rats | 1972 |
Renal adaptation to a high potassium intake. The role of hydrogen ion.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenalectomy; Aldosterone; Ammonia; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Bicarbonates; Carbon Dioxide; Chlorides; Creatinine; Dogs; Female; Glutamine; Humans; Hydrochloric Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Injections, Intramuscular; Kidney; Male; Phosphates; Potassium; Potassium Chloride; Sodium; Urine | 1973 |
Hemoglobin Little Rock (beta143 (H21) His leads to Gln). Effects of an amino acid substitution at the 2,3-diphosphoglycerate binding site.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Arkansas; Binding Sites; Chlorides; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Diphosphoglyceric Acids; Electrophoresis, Disc; Glutamine; Hemoglobins, Abnormal; Histidine; Humans; Kinetics; Mathematics; Models, Chemical; Oxygen; Peptide Fragments; Phosphates; Protein Binding; Spectrophotometry; Trypsin | 1974 |
Intracellular free amino acid concentration in human muscle tissue.
Topics: Adult; Alanine; Amino Acids; Arginine; Asparagine; Biopsy, Needle; Body Water; Chlorides; Citrulline; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamates; Glutamine; Glycine; Histidine; Humans; Isoleucine; Leucine; Lipid Metabolism; Male; Muscles; Ornithine; Phenylalanine; Proline; Serine; Taurine; Tyrosine; Valine | 1974 |
[Production and isolation of streptococcal hyaluronic acid].
Topics: Animals; Bacteriological Techniques; Cattle; Cetacea; Chemical Precipitation; Chlorides; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Culture Media; Ethanol; Glutamine; Heart; Hyaluronic Acid; Pyridinium Compounds; Solvents; Spectrophotometry; Streptococcus pyogenes; Tissue Extracts | 1970 |
Some characteristics of the binding of substrates of glutamine synthetase from Escherichia coli.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Ammonia; Binding Sites; Carbon Isotopes; Chlorides; Drug Stability; Edetic Acid; Enzyme Activation; Escherichia coli; Glutamates; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Ligases; Magnesium; Manganese; Phosphorus Isotopes | 1970 |
Characterization of the reactive sulfhydryl groups in carbamyl phosphate synthetase of Escherichia coli.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acids; Benzoates; Bicarbonates; Carbamates; Carbon Isotopes; Catalysis; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chlorides; Chromatography, Paper; Disulfides; Escherichia coli; Ethylmaleimide; Glutamine; Kinetics; Magnesium; Models, Biological; Molecular Weight; Nitro Compounds; Ornithine; Phosphoric Acids; Phosphotransferases; Pronase; Streptomyces griseus; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Uracil Nucleotides | 1971 |
Glutamine-dependent asparagine synthetase from leukemia cells. Chloride dependence, mechanism of action, and inhibition.
Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonium Sulfate; Animals; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Bromides; Carbon Isotopes; Catalysis; Chemical Precipitation; Chlorides; Chromatography, Gel; Electrophoresis, Disc; Enzyme Activation; Glutamine; Iodides; Keto Acids; Leukemia, Experimental; Ligases; Mice; Phosphorus Isotopes; Protein Binding; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds | 1972 |
Membrane transport in the rabbit alveolar macrophage. The specificity and characteristics of amino acid transport systems.
Topics: Amino Acids; Aminocaproates; Animals; Arginine; Biological Transport; Calcium; Carbon Isotopes; Chlorides; Choline; Chromatography, Paper; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamine; Histidine; Inulin; Kinetics; Lanthanum; Leucine; Lysine; Macrophages; Magnesium; Male; Mannitol; Mathematics; Methionine; Ornithine; Potassium Chloride; Pulmonary Alveoli; Rabbits; Sodium Chloride; Sucrose; Thallium; Tritium | 1971 |
The effects of drugs on the production and recovery processes of the stress ulcer.
Topics: Aluminum Silicates; Amino Acids; Animals; Antacids; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Calcium Carbonate; Chlorides; Glutamine; Injections, Subcutaneous; Laparotomy; Male; Methionine; Rats; Stomach; Stomach Ulcer; Stress, Physiological; Time Factors; Vagotomy | 1968 |
Biosynthesis of the purines. 33. Catalytic properties of the glutamine site of formylglycinamide ribonucleotide amidotransferase from chicken liver.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine Triphosphate; Amides; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Binding Sites; Calcium Chloride; Chickens; Chlorides; Formates; Glutamates; Glutamine; Hydrazines; Hydrolysis; Hydroxamic Acids; Kinetics; Ligases; Lithium; Liver; Magnesium; Methylamines; Potassium Chloride; Purines; Ribonucleotides; Rubidium; Sodium Chloride; Spectrophotometry; Ultraviolet Rays | 1971 |
Biosynthesis of the purines. XXXIV. Initial rate studies of formylglycinamide ribonucleotide amidotransferase with competitive and product inhibitors.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acids; Animals; Binding Sites; Chickens; Chlorides; Formates; Glutamine; Glycine; Kinetics; Ligases; Liver; Magnesium; Mathematics; Models, Biological; Organophosphonates; Organophosphorus Compounds; Propionates; Purines; Ribonucleotides; Urea | 1971 |
Activators and inhibitors of brain glutaminase.
Topics: Acids; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Bromides; Centrifugation; Chlorides; Citrates; Citric Acid Cycle; Dicarboxylic Acids; Enzyme Induction; Enzyme Repression; Fluorides; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Guinea Pigs; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro Techniques; Iodides; Methionine Sulfoximine; Phosphates; Phosphocreatine; Sulfhydryl Compounds | 1969 |
A paper chromatographic method for identification and estimation of pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid.
Topics: Asparagine; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chlorides; Chromatography, Paper; Glutamates; Glutamine; Glutathione; Humans; Hydroxylamines; Iron; Methanol; Pyrrolidinones; Trichloroacetic Acid | 1967 |
Complementarity of regulation for the two glutamine synthetases from Bacillus caldolyticus, an extreme thermophile.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Bacillus; Chlorides; Feedback; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamine; Hot Temperature; Isoenzymes; Kinetics; Magnesium; Magnesium Chloride; Manganese; Manganese Compounds | 1981 |
Effects of aniso-osmolarity and hydroperoxides on intracellular pH in isolated rat hepatocytes as assessed by (2',7')-bis(carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein and fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran fluorescence.
Topics: Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Barium Compounds; Cells, Cultured; Chlorides; Colchicine; Dextrans; Endocytosis; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; Fluoresceins; Fluorescence Polarization; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamine; Histidine; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Liver; Lumicolchicines; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Peroxides; Raffinose; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sodium Chloride; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; tert-Butylhydroperoxide | 1994 |
Astrocyte swelling in liver failure: role of glutamine and benzodiazepines.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Brain Edema; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Chlorides; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamine; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Inositol; Ion Channels; Isoquinolines; Methionine Sulfoximine; Potassium; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Water-Electrolyte Balance | 1994 |
Glutamine catabolism by heart muscle: regulation of phosphate-activated glutaminase by ATP, citrate, and chloride.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Anions; Bromides; Chlorides; Citrates; Fluorides; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Kinetics; Mitochondria, Heart; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Thiocyanates | 1994 |
2-Oxoglutarate transport: a potential mechanism for regulating glutamate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates in neurons.
Topics: Ammonium Sulfate; Animals; Biological Transport; Cerebral Cortex; Chlorides; Citric Acid Cycle; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Guinea Pigs; Ketoglutaric Acids; Kinetics; Malates; Male; Neurons; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Synaptosomes; Veratridine | 1993 |
Glutamine stimulates prostaglandin-sensitive Na(+)-H+ exchange in experimental porcine cryptosporidiosis.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Chlorides; Cryptosporidiosis; Glucose; Glutamine; Ileum; Indomethacin; Intestinal Mucosa; Oxidation-Reduction; Prostaglandins; Sodium; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; Swine | 1994 |
The protective action of betaine on the deleterious effects of NaCl on preimplantation mouse embryos in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Betaine; Blastocyst; Chlorides; Culture Media; Electron Probe Microanalysis; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Osmolar Concentration; Phosphorus; Potassium; Sodium; Sodium Chloride | 1993 |
The crystal structure of a five-stranded coiled coil in COMP: a prototype ion channel?
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein; Chloride Channels; Chlorides; Crystallography, X-Ray; Disulfides; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Glutamine; Glycoproteins; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Ion Channels; Matrilin Proteins; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Sequence Alignment | 1996 |
A chloride channel model?
Topics: Chloride Channels; Chlorides; Crystallography, X-Ray; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Glutamine; Glycoproteins; Matrilin Proteins; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Secondary | 1996 |
Glutamine is superior to glucose in stimulating water and electrolyte absorption across rabbit ileum.
Topics: Animals; Chlorides; Electrolytes; Glucose; Glutamine; Ileum; Intestinal Absorption; Potassium; Rabbits; Sodium; Water | 1997 |
Calcitonin activates an Na(+)-independent HCO3(-)-dependent pathway in the rabbit distal convoluted tubule.
Topics: 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid; Amiloride; Animals; Bicarbonates; Calcitonin; Carbon Dioxide; Chlorides; Cyclic AMP; Ethylmaleimide; Glutamine; Homeostasis; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Imidazoles; In Vitro Techniques; Ketoglutaric Acids; Kidney Tubules, Distal; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rabbits; Sodium; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers | 1997 |
Specific requirements for cytochrome c-550 and the manganese-stabilizing protein in photoautotrophic strains of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 with mutations in the domain Gly-351 to Thr-436 of the chlorophyll-binding protein CP47.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Calcium; Chlorides; Chlorophyll; Culture Media, Conditioned; Cyanobacteria; Cytochrome c Group; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Leucine; Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes; Manganese; Metalloproteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Peptide Fragments; Photosynthesis; Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins; Photosystem II Protein Complex; Proteins; Threonine | 1998 |
Did consumption of flour bleached by the agene process contribute to the incidence of neurological disease?
Topics: Buthionine Sulfoximine; Chlorides; Flour; Food Contamination; Food Handling; Glutamine; Glutathione; Humans; Methionine Sulfoximine; Models, Neurological; Nervous System; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Nitrogen Compounds; Oxidative Stress | 1998 |
Mutational, kinetic, and NMR studies of the roles of conserved glutamate residues and of lysine-39 in the mechanism of the MutT pyrophosphohydrolase.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Aspartic Acid; Bacterial Proteins; Binding, Competitive; Catalysis; Chlorides; Conserved Sequence; DNA Mutational Analysis; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Kinetics; Lysine; Magnesium; Magnesium Chloride; Manganese; Manganese Compounds; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Nitrogen Isotopes; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protons; Pyrophosphatases; Recombinant Proteins; Solvents | 2000 |
Site-directed mutagenesis identifies residues in uncoupling protein (UCP1) involved in three different functions.
Topics: Adipose Tissue, Brown; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Carrier Proteins; Chlorides; Cricetinae; Electron Transport; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Guanosine Triphosphate; Ion Channels; Membrane Proteins; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial Proteins; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protons; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Uncoupling Agents; Uncoupling Protein 1 | 2000 |
A novel protein involved in the functional assembly of the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Calcium; Chlorides; Cyanobacteria; Genetic Complementation Test; Genome, Bacterial; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Open Reading Frames; Oxygen; Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins; Photosystem II Protein Complex; Restriction Mapping; Sequence Deletion; Transcription, Genetic | 2001 |
Glutamine transporter in crypts compensates for loss of villus absorption in bovine cryptosporidiosis.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport Systems; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Basic; Animals; Blotting, Western; Carrier Proteins; Cattle; Chlorides; Cryptosporidiosis; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Dinoprostone; Dipeptides; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Synergism; Glutamine; Ileum; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Indomethacin; Intestinal Absorption; Ion Transport; Sodium | 2001 |
Specific effects of chloride on the photocycle of E194Q and E204Q mutants of bacteriorhodopsin as measured by FTIR spectroscopy.
Topics: Amino Acid Substitution; Bacteriorhodopsins; Chlorides; Freezing; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Light; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Potassium Chloride; Protons; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Water | 2002 |
A comparison of the effects of environmental ammonia exposure on the Asian freshwater stingray Himantura signifer and the Amazonian freshwater stingray Potamotrygon motoro.
Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Arginase; Argininosuccinate Synthase; Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases; Chlorides; Elasmobranchii; Environmental Exposure; Fresh Water; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase; Osmolar Concentration; Sodium; Species Specificity; Up-Regulation; Urea | 2003 |
Electrolyte and amino acid changes in rat brain during maturation.
Topics: Aging; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Chlorides; Glutamates; Glutamine; Nitrogen; Potassium; Rats; Sodium; Threonine | 1962 |
THE INTRACELLULAR DISTRIBUTION OF GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE IN RAT LIVER AND THE EFFECT OF METALS ON ITS ACTIVITY.
Topics: Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Calcium; Chlorides; Edetic Acid; Enzymes; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamine; Ligases; Liver; Magnesium; Metals; Microsomes; Mitochondria; Potassium; Rats; Research; Sucrose; Zinc | 1964 |
Ion transit pathways and gating in ClC chloride channels.
Topics: Amino Acid Substitution; Cell Membrane Permeability; Chloride Channels; Chlorides; Electrophysiology; Escherichia coli K12; Escherichia coli Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ion Channel Gating; Membrane Potentials; Mutation; Software | 2004 |
Role of the covalent glutamic acid 242-heme linkage in the formation and reactivity of redox intermediates of human myeloperoxidase.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Bromides; Chlorides; CHO Cells; Circular Dichroism; Cricetinae; Cyanides; Enzyme Stability; Eosinophil Peroxidase; Ferric Compounds; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Heme; Humans; Methionine; Oxidation-Reduction; Peroxidase; Recombinant Proteins | 2005 |
Increased venous versus arterial thrombosis in the Factor V Leiden mouse.
Topics: Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Arginine; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Arteries; Chlorides; Disease Models, Animal; Factor V; Ferric Compounds; Gene Frequency; Glutamine; Homozygote; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mutation; Thrombosis; Venous Thrombosis | 2007 |
Biochemical and molecular characterization of the biosynthesis of glutamine and glutamate, two major compatible solutes in the moderately halophilic bacterium Halobacillus halophilus.
Topics: Bacillaceae; Chlorides; DNA, Bacterial; Enzyme Induction; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Genes, Bacterial; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamate Synthase; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Molecular Sequence Data; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sodium Chloride | 2006 |
Molecular mechanism of arachidonic acid inhibition of the CFTR chloride channel.
Topics: Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Arginine; Cell Line; Chlorides; Cricetinae; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamine; Ion Channel Gating; Lysine; Membrane Potentials; Mutation; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Transfection | 2007 |
Genome-wide gene expression profiling reveals renal genes regulated during metabolic acidosis.
Topics: Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Adaptation, Physiological; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Arginine; Chlorides; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Regulatory Networks; Glutamine; Kidney; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase; RNA, Messenger; Transcription, Genetic | 2008 |
[Effect of dizocilpine maleate and taurine on the circuitry of glutamate and glutamine in rat striatum exposed by manganese].
Topics: Animals; Chlorides; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Environmental Pollutants; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Male; Manganese; Manganese Compounds; Neuroprotective Agents; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Taurine | 2008 |
Effect of taurine on the concentrations of glutamate, GABA, glutamine and alanine in the rat striatum and hippocampus.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Chlorides; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hippocampus; Neostriatum; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Taurine | 2007 |
Glutamine-induced membrane currents in cultured rat hippocampal neurons.
Topics: Animals; Chlorides; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hippocampus; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium | 2008 |
Glutamine accumulation and up-regulation of glutamine synthetase activity in the swamp eel, Monopterus albus (Zuiew), exposed to brackish water.
Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Chlorides; Fish Proteins; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamine; Osmolar Concentration; Osmotic Pressure; Potassium; Smegmamorpha; Sodium; Sodium Chloride; Up-Regulation; Urea; Water | 2009 |
The protective effect of riluzole on manganese caused disruption of glutamate-glutamine cycle in rats.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Western; Chlorides; Corpus Striatum; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Female; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Male; Manganese; Manganese Compounds; Manganese Poisoning; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Riluzole; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase | 2009 |
Disruption of astrocytic glutamine turnover by manganese is mediated by the protein kinase C pathway.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System ASC; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Animals; Astrocytes; Biotinylation; Blotting, Western; Cells, Cultured; Chlorides; Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport; Glutamine; Immunoprecipitation; Manganese Compounds; Manganese Poisoning; Membrane Proteins; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Signal Transduction; Ubiquitin; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases | 2011 |
Mechanism of Mn(II)-mediated dysregulation of glutamine-glutamate cycle: focus on glutamate turnover.
Topics: Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Blotting, Western; Caspase Inhibitors; Caspases; Cell Nucleus; Cells, Cultured; Chlorides; Cytosol; Endocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Immunoprecipitation; Indicators and Reagents; Lysosomes; Manganese Compounds; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Protein Kinase C; Protein Kinase C-alpha; Protein Kinase C-delta; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Small Interfering; Signal Transduction; Translocation, Genetic; Ubiquitination | 2012 |
Whi3, an S. cerevisiae RNA-binding protein, is a component of stress granules that regulates levels of its target mRNAs.
Topics: Amino Acid Motifs; Chlorides; Cytosol; Glucose; Glutamine; Heat-Shock Response; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein Transport; RNA-Binding Proteins; RNA, Messenger; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Stress, Physiological; Zinc Compounds | 2013 |
Enhanced biosynthesis of withanolides by elicitation and precursor feeding in cell suspension culture of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal in shake-flask culture and bioreactor.
Topics: Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Bioreactors; Cadmium Chloride; Cell Culture Techniques; Chitosan; Chlorides; Cholesterol; Culture Media; Glutamine; Mevalonic Acid; Picloram; Squalene; Sucrose; Withania; Withanolides | 2014 |
Involvement of glutamatergic neurotransmission in the antidepressant-like effect of zinc in the chronic unpredictable stress model of depression.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Behavior, Animal; Blotting, Western; Chlorides; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Fluoxetine; Glutamine; Hippocampus; Mice; Stress, Psychological; Synaptic Transmission; Zinc Compounds | 2016 |
Sodium para-aminosalicylate protected cultured basal ganglia astrocytes from manganese-induced DNA damages and alteration of amino acid neurotransmitter levels.
Topics: Aminosalicylic Acid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Basal Ganglia; Cells, Cultured; Chlorides; Cytoprotection; DNA Damage; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Manganese Compounds; Manganese Poisoning; Protective Agents; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2016 |
Massively augmented hippocampal dentate granule cell activation accompanies epilepsy development.
Topics: Animals; Chlorides; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamine; Mice; Neural Inhibition; Neurons | 2017 |
"Pinching" the ammonia tunnel of CTP synthase unveils coordinated catalytic and allosteric-dependent control of ammonia passage.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alkylation; Allosteric Regulation; Amino Acid Sequence; Ammonia; Binding Sites; Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases; Catalysis; Chlorides; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cytidine Triphosphate; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Hydrolysis; Kinetics; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Conformation; Uridine Triphosphate; Valine | 2018 |
Bestrophin-2 and glutamine synthetase form a complex for glutamate release.
Topics: Bestrophins; Cell Membrane; Chlorides; Ciliary Body; Epithelial Cells; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine | 2022 |
Glutamine transport in isolated rabbit ileal epithelium.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Chlorine; Electrophysiology; Epithelium; Fluid Therapy; Glucose; Glutamine; Ileum; Male; Rabbits; Sodium | 1989 |
[Effect of polyene macrolide administration on prostatic hypertrophy].
Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aged; Alanine Transaminase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Amphotericin B; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Blood Proteins; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Chlorine; Cholesterol; Glutamine; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nitrogen; Potassium; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Sodium | 1972 |
Production of L-asparagine by tumor cells and the effect of asparagine analogs.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Asparaginase; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Azo Compounds; Bromine; Carbon Isotopes; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Chlorine; Glutamine; Kinetics; Leukemia, Experimental; Liver Neoplasms; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Mast Cells; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neoplasms, Experimental; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sarcoma 180 | 1972 |
Interaction of apolipoprotein-alamine and apolipoprotein-glutamine-I with phosphatidylcholine. Effect on solute quenching of intrinsic fluorescence.
Topics: Alanine; Apoproteins; Chlorine; Eggs; Glutamine; Humans; Iodides; Lipoproteins; Lipoproteins, HDL; Lipoproteins, VLDL; Phosphatidylcholines; Protein Binding; Pyridinium Compounds; Serum Albumin; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tryptophan | 1974 |
The metabolic effects of sodium dichloroacetate in the starved rat.
Topics: Acetates; Acetoacetates; Alanine; Animals; Blood Glucose; Chlorine; Gluconeogenesis; Glutamine; Hepatectomy; Hydroxybutyrates; Hypoglycemia; Infusions, Parenteral; Insulin; Lactates; Male; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex; Pyruvates; Rats; Sodium; Starvation; Time Factors | 1974 |
Identification of a reactive cysteine residue at the glutamine binding site of carbamyl phosphate synthetase.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Allosteric Regulation; Amino Acids; Ammonium Chloride; Bicarbonates; Binding Sites; Carbamates; Carbon Isotopes; Catalysis; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chlorine; Chromatography, Paper; Cysteine; Electrophoresis, Paper; Enzyme Activation; Escherichia coli; Glutamine; Keto Acids; Kinetics; Macromolecular Substances; Magnesium; Phosphotransferases; Protein Binding; Sulfhydryl Reagents | 1972 |
The conjugation of 4-chloro- and 4-nitro-phenylacetic acids in man, monkey and rat.
Topics: Animals; Carbon Isotopes; Chlorine; Chromatography, Paper; Female; Glutamine; Haplorhini; Humans; Macaca; Nitrogen; Phenylacetates; Rats; Time Factors | 1972 |
Studies on the dansylation reaction by the use of 14 C-dansyl chloride: application to analysis of free amino acids in the rat optic nerve.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Autoanalysis; Autoradiography; Carbon Isotopes; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chlorine; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Dansyl Compounds; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamine; Glycine; Male; Methods; Optic Nerve; Rats; Tritium | 1972 |
Analysis of zinc binding sites in protein crystal structures.
Topics: Aspartic Acid; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Chlorine; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cysteine; Databases, Factual; Glutamine; Histidine; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Nitrogen; Oxygen; Protein Binding; Sulfur; Zinc | 1998 |
Roles of cytoplasmic arginine and threonine in chloride transport by the bacteriorhodopsin mutant D85T.
Topics: Anions; Arginine; Bacteriorhodopsins; Biological Transport; Cell Line; Chlorine; Cytoplasm; Glutamine; Halorhodopsins; Kinetics; Light; Models, Biological; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Spectrophotometry; Threonine; Valine | 2001 |
Arg(1098) is critical for the chloride dependence of human angiotensin I-converting enzyme C-domain catalytic activity.
Topics: Allosteric Site; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Arginine; Binding Sites; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Chlorine; COS Cells; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Activation; Glutamine; Humans; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Peptides; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Sodium Chloride; Transfection | 2001 |
Modifications of alamethicin ion channels by substitution of Glu-7 for Gln-7.
Topics: Alamethicin; Amino Acid Sequence; Anions; Biophysical Phenomena; Biophysics; Chlorine; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ionophores; Ions; Lipid Bilayers; Molecular Sequence Data; Peptides; Potassium | 2002 |
Cyclooxygenase blockade and exogenous glutamine enhance sodium absorption in infected bovine ileum.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Blotting, Western; Cattle; Chlorine; Cryptosporidiosis; Cryptosporidium parvum; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Glutamine; Ileum; Inflammation; Intestinal Absorption; Isoenzymes; Male; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Radioisotopes; Sodium; Sodium Radioisotopes; Tissue Fixation | 2003 |