glutamic acid has been researched along with tetrodotoxin in 540 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 66 (12.22) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 199 (36.85) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 196 (36.30) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 75 (13.89) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 4 (0.74) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Carmignoto, G; Vicini, S | 1 |
| Arancibia, S; Benyassi, A; Rage, F; Tapia-Arancibia, L | 1 |
| Aceves, J; Arias-Montaño, JA; Martínez-Fong, D | 1 |
| Randall, RD; Thayer, SA | 1 |
| Malgaroli, A; Tsien, RW | 1 |
| Lieberman, EM; Sanzenbacher, E | 1 |
| Hu, GY; Hvalby, O | 1 |
| Fujimori, K; Inoue, K; Nakazawa, K; Takanaka, A; Watano, T | 1 |
| Lacaille, JC; Williams, S | 1 |
| Botscheller, M; Palmer, AM; Reiter, CT | 1 |
| Abercrombie, ED; Keefe, KA; Zigmond, MJ | 1 |
| Pinnock, RD | 1 |
| Rekling, JC | 1 |
| Shibata, S; Tominaga, K; Ueki, S; Watanabe, S | 1 |
| Capogna, M; Gähwiler, BH; Scanziani, M; Thompson, SM | 1 |
| Coyle, JT; Tasker, RC; Vornov, JJ | 1 |
| Feuerstein, TJ; Jackisch, R; Koch, R; Lücking, CH; Lupp, A | 1 |
| Chan, J; Greenberg, DA; Lustig, HS; von Brauchitsch, KL | 1 |
| Inoue, T; Ito, K; Kato, H; Mikoshiba, K; Miyakawa, H | 1 |
| Antonelli, T; Beani, L; Bianchi, C; Calo, G; Tomasini, C; Vedovato, M | 1 |
| do-Nascimento, JL; Paes-de-Carvalho, R; Ventura, AL | 1 |
| Bernath, S | 1 |
| Horii, A; Mochizuki, T; Okakura, K; Wada, H; Yamatodani, A | 1 |
| Colquhoun, D; Edwards, FA; Gibb, AJ | 1 |
| Bertrand, G; Bockaert, J; Gross, R; Loubatières-Mariani, MM; Puech, R | 1 |
| Gillis, RA; Rossiter, CD; Travagli, RA; Vicini, S | 1 |
| Bowe, MA; Bray, SD; Bustos, GA; Martin, D; Nadler, JV | 1 |
| East, SJ; Garthwaite, J; Southam, E | 1 |
| Frye, GD | 1 |
| Barnabei, O; Lucchi, R; Poli, A; Vibio, M | 1 |
| Ben-Ari, Y; Cherubini, E; Ito, S; Krnjević, K | 1 |
| Bieger, D; Neuman, RS; Wang, YT | 1 |
| Guiramand, J; Lebrun, F; Mayat, E; Récasens, M; Sassetti, I; Vignes, M | 1 |
| Dye, J | 1 |
| Donnerer, J | 1 |
| Jeng, YJ; Johnson, KM | 1 |
| Chida, K; Kawamura, H; Miyagawa, M; Takasu, T | 1 |
| Cherubini, E; Kilić, G; Moran, O | 1 |
| Hoehn, K; White, TD | 1 |
| Barron, KW; Smith, JK | 2 |
| Bradford, HF; Foley, PM; Young, AM | 1 |
| Hata, Y; Hicks, TP; Tamura, H; Tsumoto, T; Yamatodani, A | 1 |
| Becquet, D; Faudon, M; Hery, F | 1 |
| Alberch, J; Arenas, E; Marsal, J; Sanchez Arroyos, R | 1 |
| Gobert, A; Guibert, B; Leviel, V | 1 |
| Bekkers, JM; Greeff, NG; Keynes, RD | 1 |
| Benjamin, AM | 1 |
| Bockaert, J; Kemp, DE; Schmidt, BH; Sebben, M; Sladeczek, F; Weiss, S | 1 |
| Connor, JA; Hockberger, PE; Wadman, WJ; Wong, RK | 1 |
| Kihara, M; Kubo, T; Misu, Y | 1 |
| de Vries, JB; Hofsteede, RM; Tuntler, J; Westerink, BH | 1 |
| Araneda, R; Bustos, G | 1 |
| Astier, H; Tapia-Arancibia, L | 2 |
| Gallagher, JP; Hasuo, H | 1 |
| Abarca, J; Arqueros, L; Bustos, G | 1 |
| Heinemann, U; Pumain, R | 1 |
| Harrison, NL; Simmonds, MA | 1 |
| Brooks, PA; Kelly, JS | 1 |
| Fastbom, J; Fredholm, BB | 1 |
| Hagberg, H; Hamberger, A; Lazarewicz, JW; Lehmann, A | 1 |
| Cotman, CW; Ganong, AH | 1 |
| Hablitz, JJ | 2 |
| Henneberry, RC; Novelli, A | 1 |
| Orkand, RK; Tang, CM | 1 |
| Addae, JI; Stone, TW | 1 |
| Barbeito, L; Besson, MJ; Girault, JA; Glowinski, J; Gozlan, H; Spampinato, U | 1 |
| Aguayo, LG; Albuquerque, EX; Idriss, MK; Rickett, DL | 1 |
| Garthwaite, G; Garthwaite, J | 1 |
| McCormick, DA; Prince, DA | 2 |
| Baruch, P; Chéramy, A; Glowinski, J; Godeheu, G; Romo, R | 1 |
| Ayoub, GS; Malenka, RC; Nicoll, RA | 1 |
| Connor, JA; Hockberger, PE; Tseng, HY | 1 |
| Jhamandas, K; Marien, M | 1 |
| Ito, K; Izumi, Y; Kato, H; Kudo, Y; Miyakawa, H; Ogura, A | 1 |
| Balázs, R; Gallo, V; Jørgensen, OS; Kingsbury, A | 1 |
| Schwartzkroin, PA; Taube, JS | 2 |
| Samanin, R; Vezzani, A; Wu, HQ | 1 |
| Crepel, F; Debono, M; Hamon, B | 1 |
| Deisz, RA; Prince, DA | 1 |
| Szerb, JC | 1 |
| Bradford, HF; Crowder, JM; Young, AM | 2 |
| Hagiwara, S; Hirano, T | 1 |
| Iijima, T; Kudo, Y; Ogura, A | 1 |
| Engberg, I; Flatman, JA; Nedergaard, S | 1 |
| Beitz, AJ; Larson, AA; Skilling, SR; Smullin, DH | 1 |
| Balázs, R; Gallo, V; Kingsbury, A | 1 |
| Connick, JH; Stone, TW | 1 |
| Hutchison, AJ; Lehmann, J; McPherson, SE; Mondadori, C; Murphy, DE; Schmutz, M; Sinton, CM; Steel, DJ; Tsai, C; Williams, M | 1 |
| Hirsch, JA; Oertel, D | 1 |
| King, AE; Thompson, SW; Urban, L; Woolf, CJ | 1 |
| Benavides, J; Claustre, Y; Scatton, B | 1 |
| Kudo, Y; Miyamoto, M; Ogura, A | 1 |
| Beani, L; Bianchi, C; Moneti, G; Moroni, F; Tanganelli, S | 1 |
| McGeer, EG; McGeer, PL | 1 |
| Cuénod, M; Felix, D; Henke, H; Toggenburger, G | 1 |
| Dolly, JO; Halliwell, JV; Othman, I; Spokes, JW; Tse, CK | 1 |
| Coyle, JT; Retz, KC; Young, AC | 1 |
| Berl, S; Krespan, B; Nicklas, WJ | 1 |
| Dreifuss, JJ; Gähwiler, BH | 1 |
| Balázs, R; Bosley, TM; Gordon, RD; Woodhams, PL | 1 |
| Bradford, HF; Dhaliwal, DK; Druce, DP; Norris, PJ | 1 |
| Brien, J; Jhamandas, K; Marien, M | 1 |
| Arias, C; Sitges, M; Tapia, R | 1 |
| Erecińska, M; Hauptman, M; Nelson, D; Wilson, DF | 1 |
| Kamei, C; Saito, T; Tagami, H; Tasaka, K | 1 |
| Kudo, Y; Shibata, S | 1 |
| Burke, SP; Taylor, CP; Weber, ML | 1 |
| Brammer, MJ; Cordeiro, MN; Diniz, CR; Gomez, MV; Ribeiro, AM; Ribeiro-Santos, R; Romano-Silva, MA | 1 |
| Chen, SC; Deupree, DL; Kao, LS; Lee, YH; Wu, JY | 1 |
| Chen, W; Hui, CS | 1 |
| Brammer, MJ; Gomez, MV; Romano-Silva, MA | 1 |
| Acciarri, N; Beani, L; Bianchi, C; Calo, G; Fabrizi, A; Ferraro, L; Morari, M; Piazza, G | 1 |
| Guo, H; Kunko, PM; Mo, Q; Robinson, SE; Smith, JA | 1 |
| Brodin, L; Gad, H; Pieribone, VA; Shupliakov, O | 1 |
| Hashimoto, A; Nishikawa, T; Oka, T | 1 |
| Bernardi, G; Calabresi, P; Mercuri, NB; Pisani, A | 1 |
| Bessho, Y; Nakanishi, S; Nawa, H | 1 |
| Boos, R; Schneider, H; Wässle, H | 1 |
| Davies, JA; Dickie, BG | 1 |
| Bate, M; Broadie, K | 1 |
| Chiu, SY; Kriegler, S | 1 |
| Hosoki, R; Otsuka, M; Saito, K; Seno, N; Suzuki, H; Yanagisawa, M | 1 |
| Reis, DJ; Sun, MK | 1 |
| Galvan, M; Piguet, P | 1 |
| Kawajiri, S; Sakurai, T; Taniguchi, K; Yamasaki, T | 1 |
| Yoon, KW | 1 |
| Dunlap, K; Turner, TJ | 1 |
| Driscoll, BF; Law, MJ; Sokoloff, L; Takahashi, S | 1 |
| Inoue, K; Koizumi, S; Nakazawa, K | 1 |
| Abarca, J; Bustos, G; Gysling, K; Roth, RH | 1 |
| Gottmann, K; Lux, HD; Pfrieger, FW | 1 |
| Forsythe, ID | 1 |
| Palmer, AM; Reiter, CT | 1 |
| Dalva, MB; Katz, LC | 1 |
| Boer, GJ; Corner, MA; Feenstra, MG; Ramakers, GJ; van Galen, H | 1 |
| Baraban, JM; Blatter, LA; Murphy, TH; Wier, WG | 1 |
| Champagnat, J; Fortin, G | 1 |
| Cashman, NR; Dahrouge, S; Durham, HD | 1 |
| Dailey, ME; Smith, SJ | 1 |
| Agnew, WS; Potts, JF; Stephan, MM | 1 |
| Hirai, H; Okada, Y | 1 |
| Brammer, MJ; Gomez, MV; Moraes-Santos, T; Ribeiro-Santos, R; Romano-Silva, MA | 1 |
| O'Regan, MH; Perkins, LM; Phillis, JW; Smith-Barbour, M | 1 |
| Kataoka, Y; Koizumi, S; Niwa, M; Taniyama, K; Watanabe, S | 1 |
| Feuerstein, G; Gu, JL; Lysko, PG; Webb, CL; Yue, TL | 1 |
| Daly, DA; Moghaddam, B; Youngren, KD | 1 |
| Barres, BA; Raff, MC | 1 |
| Cousin, MA; Nicholls, DG; Pocock, JM | 1 |
| Barker, JL; di Porzio, U; Morelli, F; Novotny, EA; Smith, SV | 1 |
| Cormier, RJ; Kelly, PT; Mauk, MD | 1 |
| McMahon, HT; Nicholls, DG | 1 |
| Armengaud, C; Ben-Ari, Y; Roisin, MP; Zini, S | 1 |
| Lacaille, JC; Samulack, DD; Williams, S | 1 |
| Kapetanovic, IM; Kupferberg, HJ; Yonekawa, WD | 1 |
| Akaike, A; Goshima, Y; Misu, Y; Miyamae, T; Nakamura, S; Ohno, K | 1 |
| Kuraishi, Y; Satoh, M; Ueda, M | 1 |
| Grantyn, R; Rörig, B | 1 |
| Köller, H; Müller, HW; Siebler, M | 1 |
| De Bernardi, R; Ferro, F; Fontana, G; Gemignani, A; Raiteri, M | 1 |
| Atkinson, PB; Dudek, FE; Hassinger, TD; Kater, SB; Kossel, AH; Strecker, GJ; Whalen, LR | 1 |
| Andersson, K; Chen, Y; Espinoza, S; Godukhin, OV; Goiny, M; Herrera-Marschitz, M; Loidl, CF; Lubec, G; Meana, JJ; Nylander, I; Pettersson, E; Silveira, R; Terenius, L; Ungerstedt, U; You, ZB | 1 |
| Bianchi, C; Darvelid, M; Fuxe, K; Morari, M; O'Connor, WT; Ungerstedt, U | 1 |
| Bianchi, C; Fuxe, K; Morari, M; O'Connor, WT; Ungerstedt, U | 1 |
| Cormier, RJ; Kelly, PT | 1 |
| Garthwaite, J; Leach, MJ; Strijbos, PJ | 1 |
| Arsac, C; Couraud, F; Dargent, B; Tricaud, N | 1 |
| Matsuki, N; Saito, H; Tanaka, T | 1 |
| Hershkowitz, N; Katchman, AN | 1 |
| Arantes, EC; Coutinho-Netto, J; Giglio, JR; Marangoni, S; Oliveira, B; Sampaio, SV | 1 |
| Matsuyama, S; Nei, K; Shuntoh, H; Tanaka, C | 1 |
| Berretta, N; Jones, RS | 1 |
| Belousov, A; Obrietan, K; Van Den Pol, AN | 1 |
| Dudek, FE; Smith, BN | 1 |
| Bezzi, P; Danbolt, NC; Racagni, G; Rizzini, BL; Trotti, D; Ullensvang, K; Volterra, A | 1 |
| Kuraishi, Y; Tohda, C | 1 |
| Bordey, A; Feltz, P; Trouslard, J | 1 |
| Attwell, D; Sarantis, M; Takahashi, M | 1 |
| Glitsch, M; Llano, I; Marty, A | 1 |
| Crill, W; Schwindt, P | 1 |
| Belousov, AB; Cao, V; van den Pol, AN | 1 |
| Iadecola, C; Yang, G | 2 |
| Boutelle, MG; Fillenz, M; Miele, M | 1 |
| Cui, LN; Honda, E; Inenaga, K; Nagatomo, T; Ueta, Y; Yamashita, H | 1 |
| Freund, TF; Haas, HL; Sergeeva, OA; Yanovsky, Y | 1 |
| Misu, Y; Miyamae, T; Ueda, H; Yue, JL | 1 |
| McGinty, JF; Rawls, SM | 1 |
| Beani, L; Bianchi, C; Calò, G; Sbrenna, S | 1 |
| Bogdanov, MB; Wurtman, RJ | 1 |
| Belousov, AB; van den Pol, AN | 1 |
| Katayama, Y; Soeda, H; Tatsumi, H | 1 |
| Betz, H; Boehm, S | 1 |
| Arantes, EC; Coutinho-Netto, J; Giglio, JR; Novello, JC; Sampaio, SV; Toyama, MH | 1 |
| Diamond, JS; Jahr, CE | 1 |
| Gershon, MD; Kirchgessner, AL; Liu, MT; Rothstein, JD | 1 |
| Beani, L; Bianchi, C; Bregola, G; Muzzolini, A; Simonato, M | 1 |
| Benveniste, H; Hüttemeier, PC; Kamiyama, Y; Shiraishi, M | 1 |
| Berman, FW; Murray, TF | 1 |
| Matsuyama, S; Nei, K; Tanaka, C | 1 |
| Barbour, B; Clark, BA | 1 |
| Croucher, MJ; Patel, DR | 1 |
| Borosky, S; Marcoux, FW; Probert, AW; Taylor, CP | 1 |
| Fontana, G; Gemignani, A; Marchese, S; Raiteri, M | 1 |
| Bal, T; McCormick, DA; Sanchez-Vives, MV | 1 |
| Akaike, A; Cheng, N; Goshima, Y; Kaneko, S; Kouchiyama, H; Kume, T; Maeda, T; Misu, Y; Satoh, M; Ueda, M | 1 |
| Büyükuysal, RL | 2 |
| Kennedy, RT; Lada, MW; Vickroy, TW | 1 |
| Beart, PM; Jones, NM; Lawrence, AJ | 1 |
| Desai, NS; Leslie, KR; Nelson, SB; Rutherford, LC; Turrigiano, GG | 1 |
| Freund-Mercier, MJ; Jo, YH; Schlichter, R; Stoeckel, ME | 1 |
| Aroniadou-Anderjaska, V; Ennis, M; Keller, A; Sheppard, NF; Shipley, MT; Yagodin, S; Zimmer, LA | 1 |
| Hirakawa, T; Honda, E; Inenaga, K; Nakamura, S; Yamashita, H | 1 |
| Marcangione, C; Rossetti, ZL; Wise, RA | 1 |
| Kumar, VS; Rabinowitz, D; Schwartz, TH; Smetters, DK; Tsiola, A; Unni, V; Yuste, R | 1 |
| Cragg, SJ; Greenfield, SA; Hawkey, CR; Holmes, C | 1 |
| Constantine-Paton, M; Lin, SY | 1 |
| Chiu, LM; Guarneros, A; Peña, F; Sitges, M | 1 |
| Crill, WE; Schwindt, PC | 1 |
| Margulis, M; Tang, CM | 1 |
| Fukumori, R; Hagiwara, Y; Kubo, T; Sekiya, D | 1 |
| Leza, JC; Lizasoain, I; Lorenzo, P; Moro, MA | 1 |
| Boonen, G; Ferger, B; Häberlein, H; Kuschinsky, K | 1 |
| Black, JA; Robert, A; Waxman, SG | 1 |
| do Nascimento, JL; Paes de Carvalho, R; Ventura, AL | 1 |
| Kötter, R; Luhmann, HJ; Staiger, JF; Zilles, K | 1 |
| Cox, CL; Sherman, SM; Zhou, Q | 1 |
| Bévengut, M; Cattaert, D; Pearlstein, E; Watson, AH | 1 |
| Belousov, AB; Heller, HC; Obrietan, K; van den Pol, AN; Yang, Y | 1 |
| Belousov, AB; Gao, XB; Kilduff, TS; Obrietan, K; van den Pol, AN | 1 |
| Beani, L; Bianchi, C; Fuxe, K; Marti, M; Morari, M; O'Connor, WT; Sbrenna, S | 1 |
| Endo, Y; Hatanaka, H; Kozaki, S; Numakawa, T; Sakai, N; Takahashi, M; Takei, N | 1 |
| Aizenman, E; Chung, HJ; Lea, E; Potthoff, WK; Robinson, MB; Rosenberg, PA; Schnuer, J; Wang, GJ | 1 |
| Dudel, J; Heckmann, M | 1 |
| Hamada, T; Ono, M; Shibata, S; Sonoda, R; Watanabe, A; Watanabe, S | 1 |
| Cattaert, D; Le Ray, D | 1 |
| Donnerer, J; Sinský, M | 1 |
| Aihara, Y; Kuwasawa, K; Ohsuga, K; Otokawa, M; Tanaka, K; Yasumatsu, M; Yazawa, T | 1 |
| Alexandre, A; Cavallini, L; Zoccarato, F | 1 |
| Albuquerque, EX; Aracava, Y; Chebabo, SR; Rocha, ES; Santos, MD | 1 |
| Egorov, AV; Müller, W | 1 |
| McCarthy, KD; Shelton, MK | 1 |
| Capogna, M; Dürr, R; Gähwiler, BH; McKinney, RA; Thompson, SM | 1 |
| Naumenko, NV; Nikolsky, EE; Urazaev, AK; Vyskocil, F | 1 |
| Albuquerque, EX; Braga, MF; Marchioro, M; Pereira, EF | 1 |
| Albuquerque, EX; Braga, MF; Pereira, EF | 1 |
| Gardier, AM; Jacquot, C; Rocher, C | 1 |
| Brotchie, JM; Hill, MP | 1 |
| Cisci, G; de Vries, JB; Nap, A; Timmerman, W; Westerink, BH | 1 |
| Hashimoto, M; Shibata, M; Uno, T | 1 |
| Chen, YZ; Xing, BR; Zhu, BG | 1 |
| Obrietan, K; van den Pol, AN | 1 |
| Gähwiler, BH; Gerber, U; Jabaudon, D; Scanziani, M; Shimamoto, K; Yasuda-Kamatani, Y | 1 |
| McMahon, DG; Quintero, JE | 1 |
| Díaz-Trelles, R; Fernández-Sánchez, MT; Novelli, A; Puia, G | 1 |
| Beani, L; Bianchi, C; Calo, G; Guerrini, R; Marti, M; Morari, M; Sbrenna, S | 1 |
| Akaike, T; Sokabe, M; Wang, J | 1 |
| Hegg, CC; Thayer, SA | 1 |
| Bouron, A; Reuter, H | 1 |
| Ali, DW; Buss, RR; Drapeau, P | 1 |
| Lanza, M; Makovec, F | 1 |
| Obrenovitch, TP | 1 |
| Howe, JR; Robert, A; Waxman, SG | 1 |
| Calton, JL; Kang, MH; Moore, SD; Wilson, WA | 1 |
| Koester, HJ; Major, G; Schiller, J; Schiller, Y | 1 |
| Keele, NB; Neugebauer, V; Shinnick-Gallagher, P; Zinebi, F | 1 |
| La Bella, V; Piccoli, F | 1 |
| Gorbachevskaia, AI; Mikhaĭlova, MO; Saul'skaia, NB | 1 |
| Auerbach, JM; Lee, SH; Lumelsky, N; McKay, RD; Studer, L | 1 |
| Croucher, MJ; Harris, JR; Jane, DE; Thomas, LS | 1 |
| Giaume, C; Glowinski, J; Rouach, N | 1 |
| Gramsbergen, JB; Kornblit, BT; Storgaard, J; Zimmer, J | 1 |
| Friedman, D; Strowbridge, BW | 1 |
| Alford, S; Schwartz, NE | 1 |
| Bauer, J; Blauth, E; Darstein, M; Feuerstein, TJ; Freiman, TM; Hummel, A; Jehle, T | 1 |
| Ben-Ari, Y; Bernard, C; Cannon, RC; Cossart, R; Dinoncourt, C; Esclapez, M; Hirsch, JC; Wheal, HV | 1 |
| Adamchik, Y; Baskys, A | 1 |
| Rudomin, P | 1 |
| Cheng, G; Kendig, JJ | 1 |
| Isojima, Y; Nagai, K; Okada, M; Takamatsu, K; Tamaru, T; Yamada, T | 1 |
| Cox, CL; Sherman, SM | 1 |
| Itoh, Y; Oka, M; Ukai, Y | 1 |
| Gomez, MV; Gomez, RS; Massensini, AR; Prado, MA; Reis, HJ; Romano-Silva, MA | 1 |
| Isokawa, M | 1 |
| Grandy, DK; Lovinger, DM; Low, MJ; Tang, K | 1 |
| Geiger, JR; Jonas, P | 1 |
| Chong, W; Han, SK; Lee, HS; Lee, MH; Ryu, PD | 1 |
| Illes, P; Kittner, H; Krügel, U | 1 |
| Dawson, LA; Djali, S; Gonzales, C; Vinegra, MA; Zaleska, MM | 1 |
| Choe, ES; McGinty, JF | 1 |
| Elisabetsky, E; Emanuelli, T; Leal, MB; Porciúncula, LD; Souza, DO | 1 |
| Antonelli, T; Bebe, BW; Fernandez, M; Ferraro, L; Fuxe, K; Glennon, JC; O'Connor, WT; Tanganelli, S; Tomasini, MC | 1 |
| Ito, H; Oka, Y; Tsutsui, H; Yamamoto, N | 1 |
| Hsu, KS; Huang, CC; Lo, SW | 1 |
| Gao, XB; van den Pol, AN | 1 |
| Savić, N; Sciancalepore, M | 1 |
| de Almeida, OM; de Mello, FG; de Mello, MC; Gardino, PF; Kubrusly, RC; Loureiro-Dos-Santos, NE; Reis, RA | 1 |
| Vignes, M | 1 |
| Floresco, SB; Grace, AA; Todd, CL | 1 |
| Haller, M; Mironov, SL; Richter, DW | 1 |
| Gundersen, CB; Kidokoro, Y; Saitoe, M; Schwarz, TL; Umbach, JA | 1 |
| Fischbach, GD; Ford, B; Liu, Y; Mann, MA | 1 |
| Autere, AM; Kaila, K; Lahtinen, H; Lauri, SE; Paalasmaa, P | 1 |
| Akaike, N; Jang, IS; Jeong, HJ | 1 |
| Piomelli, D; Stella, N | 1 |
| Brasnjo, G; Otis, TS | 1 |
| Antonelli, T; Ferraro, L; Francesconi, W; Gessa, GL; Loche, A; O'Connor, WT; Tanganelli, S | 1 |
| Poulain, P | 1 |
| Prosser, RA | 1 |
| Cunningham, MO; Evans, DI; Jones, RS; Woodhall, G | 1 |
| Allen, CN; Honda, K; Ikeda, M; Inoué, S; Sagara, M; Sekino, Y; Shirao, T; Yoshioka, T | 1 |
| Dawson, LA; Li, P; Nguyen, HQ | 1 |
| Baker, DA; Carson, D; Kalivas, PW; Swanson, CJ; Worley, PF | 1 |
| Gottmann, K; Plitzko, D; Rumpel, S | 1 |
| Chen, YQ; Wise, RA; You, ZB | 1 |
| Artigas, F; Celada, P; Martín-Ruiz, R; Mengod, G; Puig, MV; Roth, BL; Shapiro, DA | 1 |
| Aghajanian, GK; Lambe, EK | 1 |
| Destexhe, A; Fellous, JM; Rudolph, M; Sejnowski, TJ | 1 |
| Kaneko, H; Kawashima, T; Suzuki, SS; Takita, M; Yokoi, H | 1 |
| Crill, WE; Oakley, JC; Schwindt, PC | 1 |
| He, Y; Mennerick, S; Zorumski, CF | 1 |
| Bieger, D; Dong, H; Loomis, CW | 1 |
| Hattori, G; Higashi, H; Maeda, H; Tanaka, E; Yasumoto, S | 1 |
| Albers, HE; Gillespie, CF; Huhman, KL; Jasnow, AM; Mintz, EM | 1 |
| Brown, P; Dale, N | 1 |
| Minami, A; Oku, N; Takeda, A; Yamaide, R | 1 |
| Cull-Candy, SG; Liu, SJ | 1 |
| Beani, L; Bianchi, C; Guerrini, R; Marti, M; Morari, M | 1 |
| Katsura, M; Mohri, Y; Ohkuma, S; Shigeto, M; Shuto, K | 1 |
| Gottmann, K; Hatt, H; Köhr, G; Mohrmann, R; Sprengel, R | 1 |
| Fujikawa, DG; Wu, A | 1 |
| Raju, TR; Shankaranarayana Rao, BS | 1 |
| Aghajanian, GK; Ding, Y; Liu, R | 1 |
| Davies, JA; Marsh, WL | 1 |
| Baker, DA; Kalivas, PW; Shen, H | 1 |
| Jones, RS; Stacey, AE; Woodhall, GL | 1 |
| Davis, SF; Linn, CL | 1 |
| Furue, H; Kumamoto, E; Matsumoto, N; Yoshimura, M | 1 |
| Ariano, MA; Calvert, CR; Cepeda, C; Christian, LJ; Hernández-Echeagaray, E; Hurst, RS; Jocoy, E; Levine, MS; Nguyen, OK | 1 |
| Ellis-Davies, GC; Magee, JC; Smith, MA | 1 |
| Anderson, JJ; Baccei, CS; Bristow, LJ; Lorrain, DS; Varney, MA | 1 |
| Browne, RO; Friedman, A; Pavlovsky, L | 1 |
| Bandrowski, AE; Huguenard, JR; Prince, DA | 1 |
| Ballini, C; Bianchi, L; Colivicchi, MA; Della Corte, L; Giovannini, MG; Pepeu, G | 1 |
| Bernardi, G; Berretta, N; Di Marzo, V; Maccarrone, M; Marinelli, S; Matias, I; Mercuri, NB | 1 |
| Choi, YM; Kim, SH; Park, MK; Uhm, DY | 1 |
| Greenberger, V; Korkotian, E; Segal, M | 1 |
| Boudaba, C; Di, S; Tasker, JG | 1 |
| Coyne, L; David, LS; Errington, AC; Lees, G; Liao, C; Nicholson, RA; Singh, G; Zheng, J | 1 |
| Abarca, C; Gutiérrez, Mdel C; Possani, LD | 1 |
| Adám-Vizi, V; Baranyi, M; Milusheva, E; Shikova, L; Sperlágh, B; Tretter, L; Vizi, ES | 1 |
| Pan, DT; Portera-Cailliau, C; Yuste, R | 1 |
| Beani, L; Bianchi, C; Hanau, S; Marti, M; Mela, F; Morari, M; Paganini, F; Stocchi, S; Ulazzi, L | 1 |
| Fukui, R; Higashi, H; Matsuyama, S; Nishi, A | 1 |
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| Hall, WC; Helms, MC; Ozen, G | 1 |
| Akagi, T; Hashikawa, T; Higashi, H; Hirai, K; Ishii, K; Katayama, Y; Motelica-Heino, I; Tanaka, E; Tsuji, S | 1 |
| Cai, X; Diano, S; Friedman, JM; Horvath, TL; Liu, H; Pinto, S; Roseberry, AG; Shanabrough, M | 1 |
| Endo, T; Hara, S; Kuriiwa, F; Kurosaki, K; Mukai, T | 1 |
| Fujita, T; Kawasaki, Y; Kumamoto, E; Yue, HY | 1 |
| Chrachri, A; Williamson, R | 1 |
| Barde, YA; Bibel, M; Goetz, M; Korte, M; Richter, J; Schrenk, K; Staiger, V; Tucker, KL | 1 |
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| Brownstone, RM; Jessell, TM; Miles, GB; Rafuse, VF; Wichterle, H; Yohn, DC | 1 |
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| Albo, F; Bernardi, G; Ferrari, F; Longone, P; Pascucci, T; Puglisi-Allegra, S; Spalloni, A; Zona, C | 1 |
| Molchanova, S; Oja, SS; Saransaari, P | 1 |
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| Bikoff, JB; Burette, A; Greenberg, ME; Harrar, D; Paradis, S; Tavazoie, S; Tolias, KF; Weinberg, RJ | 1 |
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| Bianchi, C; Della Corte, L; Fantin, M; Manzalini, M; Marti, M; Morari, M | 1 |
| Hashikawa, T; Hayashi, Y; Kobayashi, S; Miyawaki, A; Nagai, T; Nakagawa, T; Neve, RL; Okamoto, K; Takao, K | 1 |
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| Caroni, P; de Paola, V; Gähwiler, BH; Hugel, S; Mateos, JM; McKinney, RA; Richards, DA | 1 |
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| Lapish, CC; Lavin, A; Nogueira, L; Phillips, PE; Seamans, JK; Wightman, RM | 1 |
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| Baptista, V; Coleman, FH; Rogers, RC; Travagli, RA; Zheng, ZL | 1 |
| Fujita, T; Kumamoto, E; Yue, HY | 1 |
| Adachi, T; Brosenitsch, TA; Funk, GD; Housley, GD; Lipski, J | 1 |
| Coons, S; Ellsworth, K; Johnson, E; Kerrigan, JF; Kim, DY; Lue, LF; Nowak, L; Rekate, H; Rho, JM; St John, PA; Wu, J; Xu, L | 1 |
| Kang, J; Kang, N; Nedergaard, M; Xu, J; Xu, Q | 1 |
| Hemmings, HC; Westphalen, RI | 1 |
| Barik, J; Wonnacott, S | 1 |
| Iino, M; Kakizawa, S; Kano, M; Miyazaki, T; Watanabe, M; Yanagihara, D | 1 |
| Binshtok, AM; Fleidervish, IA; Gutnick, MJ; Sprengel, R | 1 |
| MacIver, MB; Winegar, BD | 1 |
| Mikhailova, MO; Saul'skaya, NB | 1 |
| Fallon, JR; Taylor, AB | 1 |
| Nistri, A; Sharifullina, E | 1 |
| Gasparini, S; Magee, JC | 1 |
| Argiolas, A; Mascia, MS; Melis, MR; Melis, T; Sanna, F; Succu, S | 1 |
| Hall, WC; Lee, P | 1 |
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| Chen, L; Yung, KK; Yung, WH | 1 |
| Fishbein, I; Segal, M | 1 |
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| Chan, MH; Cherng, JM; Hung, MS; Lin, HJ; Lin, JC; Lin, YR | 1 |
| Ballini, C; Bianchi, L; Cavaggioni, A; Colivicchi, MA; Della Corte, L; Fattori, M; Gabai, G; Mucignat-Caretta, C | 1 |
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| Haynes, JM; Pouton, CW; Raye, WS; Tochon-Danguy, N | 1 |
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| Lam, TT; Le, JT; Mayer, AT; Owens, J; Swann, JW | 1 |
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| Ackman, JB; Aniksztejn, L; Becq, H; Ben-Ari, Y; Cardoso, C; Crépel, V; Pellegrino, C; Represa, A | 1 |
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| DeSilva, TM; Goldhoff, PE; Kabakov, AY; Rosenberg, PA; Volpe, JJ | 1 |
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| Avshalumov, MV; Bao, L; Chang, CJ; Lee, CR; Miller, EW; Patel, JC; Rice, ME | 1 |
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| Chang, SY; Hitti, FL; Jovanovic, S; Lee, KH; Leiter, JC; Roberts, DW; Tawfik, VL | 1 |
| Bernardi, G; Cavasinni, F; Centonze, D; De Chiara, V; Furlan, R; Martino, G; Musella, A; Muzio, L; Rossi, S | 1 |
| Cho, JH; Choi, BJ; Choi, IS; Jang, IS; Lee, KH; Lee, MG; Park, HM | 1 |
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| Florence, CM; Kuzmiski, JB; Mulligan, SJ; Pittman, QJ; Zampronio, AR | 1 |
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| Bernardi, G; Berretta, N; Bisicchia, E; Cucchiaroni, ML; Freestone, PS; Guatteo, E; Lipski, J; Mercuri, NB; Molinari, M; Okano, H; Viscomi, MT | 1 |
| Adachi, M; Bal, M; Kavalali, ET; Monteggia, LM; Sara, Y | 1 |
| Feng, L; Gusev, AG; Kalappa, BI; Kem, WR; Uteshev, VV | 1 |
| Baccei, ML; Li, J | 1 |
| Aldana, BI; Chiu, LM; Guarneros, A; Sanchez-Tafolla, BM; Sitges, M | 1 |
| Andresen, MC; Jin, YH | 1 |
| Motomura, E; Nakagawa, M; Okada, M; Tanahashi, S; Yamamura, S | 1 |
| Cull-Candy, SG; Farrant, M; Renzi, M; Zonouzi, M | 1 |
| Anselmi, F; Bègue, A; Emiliani, V; Ogden, D; Ventalon, C | 1 |
| Aldana, BI; Sitges, M | 1 |
| Kirwan, P; Livesey, FJ; Robinson, HP; Shi, Y; Smith, J | 1 |
| De Bundel, D; Gómez-Galán, M; Lindskog, M; Smolders, I; Van Eeckhaut, A | 1 |
| Min, R; Nevian, T | 1 |
| Bálint, E; Csillag, A; Szökő, E; Tábi, T; Wagner, Z; Zachar, G | 1 |
| Arencibia-Albite, F; Figueroa, J; Jiménez-Rivera, CA; Schwarz, D; Vázquez-Torres, R; Velásquez-Martinez, MC; Vélez-Hernandez, ME | 1 |
| Gonzalez-Alegre, P; Harata, NC; Iwabuchi, S; Kakazu, Y; Koh, JY | 1 |
| Berg, DK; Duan, J; Gounko, NV; Liu, Z; Lozada, AF; Massey, KA; Wang, X | 1 |
| Almeida-Suhett, CP; Aroniadou-Anderjaska, V; Braga, MF; Figueiredo, TH; Pidoplichko, VI; Prager, EM | 1 |
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| Hartlage-Rübsamen, M; Roßner, S; Waniek, A | 1 |
| Galarraga, E; Galindo-Charles, L; Garduño, J; Hernandez-Lopez, S; Jiménez-Rodríguez, J; Mihailescu, S; Tapia, D | 1 |
| Colbert, CM; Eskin, A; Pita-Almenar, JD; Zou, S | 1 |
| Ballesta, JJ; Belmonte, C; Caires, R; de la Peña, E; Mälkiä, A; Vara, H; Viana, F | 1 |
| Autry, AE; Kavalali, ET; Monteggia, LM; Nosyreva, E; Ryazanov, AG; Szabla, K | 1 |
| Cheng, JK; Chiou, LC; Ho, YC | 1 |
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| Jahnsen, H; Kølvraa, M; Müller, FC; Rekling, JC | 1 |
| Higa, M; Ono, K; Sawada, M; Suzuki, H; Tabata, K | 1 |
| Ferguson, AV; Kuksis, M; Mimee, A | 1 |
| McGonigal, R; Neve, RL; Routtenberg, A; Tabatadze, N | 1 |
| Chen, YL; Huang, CY; Li, AH; Lu, JC; Wang, HL | 1 |
| Ishizuka, Y; Kojima, M; Kojima, N; Mizui, T; Sekino, Y; Shirao, T; Takahashi, H; Yamazaki, H | 1 |
| Coulter, DA; Jackson, JG; O'Donnell, JC; Robinson, MB; Takano, H | 1 |
| Cirrito, JR; Hochgräfe, K; Holth, JK; Holtzman, DM; Jiang, H; Liao, F; Mahan, TE; Mandelkow, EM; Patel, TK; Stewart, FR; Yamada, K | 1 |
| Bortz, DM; Bruno, JP; Jørgensen, CV; Mikkelsen, JD | 1 |
| Allain, AE; Branchereau, P; Bullier, E; Couraud, F; Czarnecki, A; Le Bras, B; Le Corronc, H; Legendre, P; Mangin, JM; Mouffle, C; Rigato, C; Scain, AL | 1 |
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| Ishida, Y; Murakami, G; Nakahara, D; Nakamura, M; Takita, M; Ueki, T | 1 |
| Chang, CY; Chou, SS; Huang, SK; Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Wang, SJ; Wang, YC | 1 |
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| Bergersen, LH; Brown, TA; Clayton, DA; Kopek, BG; Rinholm, JE; Tadross, MR; Tkachuk, AN; Vervaeke, K | 1 |
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| An, D; He, CC; Heng, B; Liu, YQ; Ma, XL; Tian, K; Wang, HG; Wang, YX; Zhang, F | 1 |
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| Inoue, T; Mochizuki, A; Nagata, S; Nakamura, S; Nakayama, K; Yamamoto, M | 1 |
| Derouiche, A; Fredrich, M; Gerkau, NJ; Kafitz, KW; Kleinhans, C; Langer, J; Moshrefi-Ravasdjani, B; Rose, CR; Seifert, G; Steinhäuser, C | 1 |
| Fujita, T; Kumamoto, E; Piao, LH; Yu, T | 1 |
| Blümcke, I; Groemer, TW; Hackenbracht, J; Jablonski, J; Kiese, K; Kobow, K; Kornhuber, J; Wrosch, JK | 1 |
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| Cuboni, E; Di Giovanni, G; Fedele, E; Galati, S; Grandi, LC; Kaelin-Lang, A; Orban, G; Salvadè, A; Song, W; Stefani, A | 1 |
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5 review(s) available for glutamic acid and tetrodotoxin
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Calcium-independent release of amino acid neurotransmitters: fact or artifact?
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Calcium; Carrier Proteins; Cations; Cell Compartmentation; Chelating Agents; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Intracellular Fluid; Ion Channel Gating; Ion Channels; Ionophores; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Neuroglia; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Secretory Rate; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Neurotoxins as tools in neurobiology.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Elapid Venoms; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydroxydopamines; Kainic Acid; Nervous System Diseases; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Organ Specificity; Rats; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tetrodotoxin | 1981 |
Scanning laser photostimulation: a new approach for analyzing brain circuits.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain; Brain Mapping; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Microscopy, Confocal; Neurons; Photic Stimulation; Photolysis; Pyramidal Cells; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Vertebrates | 1994 |
High extracellular glutamate and neuronal death in neurological disorders. Cause, contribution or consequence?
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Cell Death; Cortical Spreading Depression; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Nervous System Diseases; Neurons; Potassium; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Enhanced transmission of glutamate current flowing from the dendrite to the soma in rat neocortical layer 5 neurons.
Topics: Animals; Dendrites; Glutamic Acid; Neocortex; Neurons; Rats; Sodium Channels; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
535 other study(ies) available for glutamic acid and tetrodotoxin
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Activity-dependent decrease in NMDA receptor responses during development of the visual cortex.
Topics: Action Potentials; Aging; Animals; Electric Conductivity; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; Ion Channels; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Visual Cortex | 1992 |
Gamma-aminobutyric acid-glutamate interaction in the control of somatostatin release from hypothalamic neurons in primary culture: in vivo corroboration.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Fetus; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; Kinetics; Male; Median Eminence; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Pipecolic Acids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Somatostatin; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Glutamate stimulation of tyrosine hydroxylase is mediated by NMDA receptors in the rat striatum.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Atropine; Corpus Striatum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1992 |
Glutamate-induced calcium transient triggers delayed calcium overload and neurotoxicity in rat hippocampal neurons.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Calcium; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ions; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Rats; Reaction Time; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Glutamate-induced long-term potentiation of the frequency of miniature synaptic currents in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1992 |
Mechanisms of glutamate activation of axon-to-Schwann cell signaling in the squid.
Topics: Aminobutyrates; Animals; Axons; Calcium; Chlorides; Decapodiformes; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Schwann Cells; Signal Transduction; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Tubocurarine | 1992 |
Glutamate-induced action potentials are preceded by regenerative prepotentials in rat hippocampal pyramidal cells in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Iontophoresis; Male; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate-evoked glutamate release in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Electrophysiology; Fetus; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
GABAB receptor-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic potentials evoked by electrical stimulation and by glutamate stimulation of interneurons in stratum lacunosum-moleculare in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Barium; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Interneurons; Male; Pyramidal Tracts; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Comparison of the release of exogenous and endogenous excitatory amino acids from rat cerebral cortex.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Potassium; Radioisotope Dilution Technique; Rats; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 1992 |
Extracellular dopamine in striatum: influence of nerve impulse activity in medial forebrain bundle and local glutamatergic input.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dialysis; Dopamine; Drug Implants; Electrophysiology; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Medial Forebrain Bundle; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Activation of kappa-opioid receptors depresses electrically evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials on 5-HT-sensitive neurones in the rat dorsal raphé nucleus in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Benzofurans; Bicuculline; Bombesin; Cholecystokinin; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Prazosin; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Serotonin; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Interaction between thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and NMDA-receptor-mediated responses in hypoglossal motoneurones.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Stem; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hypoglossal Nerve; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; N-Methylaspartate; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Receptors, Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 1992 |
Effects of inhibitory and excitatory drugs on the metabolic rhythm of the hamster suprachiasmatic nucleus in vitro.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Animals; Circadian Rhythm; Cricetinae; Deoxyglucose; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Flurazepam; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mesocricetus; Muscimol; Neurons; Pentobarbital; Potassium Chloride; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Presynaptic inhibition of miniature excitatory synaptic currents by baclofen and adenosine in the hippocampus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Adenosine; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Cadmium; Calcium; Electric Conductivity; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
The regional vulnerability to hypoglycemia-induced neurotoxicity in organotypic hippocampal culture: protection by early tetrodotoxin or delayed MK-801.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Culture Techniques; Deoxyglucose; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Histological Techniques; Hypoglycemia; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotoxins; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1992 |
Inhibitory effects of the antiparkinsonian drugs memantine and amantadine on N-methyl-D-aspartate-evoked acetylcholine release in the rabbit caudate nucleus in vitro.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amantadine; Animals; Caudate Nucleus; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Male; Memantine; N-Methylaspartate; Rabbits; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 1992 |
A novel inhibitor of glutamate release reduces excitotoxic injury in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Potassium Chloride; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1992 |
A hyperpolarizing response induced by glutamate in mouse cerebellar Purkinje cells.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cerebellum; Electrophysiology; Fluorometry; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Iontophoresis; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Potassium Channels; Purkinje Cells; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
A simple method for electrical field stimulation of cultured granule cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Potassium Chloride; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Temperature; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1992 |
Evidence for two independent mechanisms of GABA release induced by veratridine and glutamate in monolayer cultures of chick embryo retinal cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Retina; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1992 |
Glutamatergic regulation of histamine release from rat hypothalamus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Histamine Release; Hypothalamus, Anterior; N-Methylaspartate; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
ATP receptor-mediated synaptic currents in the central nervous system.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetylcholine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Bicuculline; Brain; Chlorocebus aethiops; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglionic Blockers; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Kynurenic Acid; Mecamylamine; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Signal Transduction; Suramin; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Evidence for a glutamate receptor of the AMPA subtype which mediates insulin release from rat perfused pancreas.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Atropine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Insulin; Kainic Acid; Male; Pancreas; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Glutamate and GABA-mediated synaptic currents in neurons of the rat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain Stem; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Strychnine; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Vagus Nerve | 1991 |
Autoreceptor regulation of glutamate and aspartate release from slices of the hippocampal CA1 area.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Ligands; Magnesium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Excitatory amino acid receptors coupled to the nitric oxide/cyclic GMP pathway in rat cerebellum during development.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; Amino Acids; Animals; Cerebellum; Cyclic GMP; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nitric Oxide; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Interaction of ethanol and L-glutamate in the guinea pig ileum myenteric plexus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Atropine; Electric Stimulation; Ethanol; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Histamine; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; N-Methylaspartate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serotonin; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Adenosine and glutamate modulate each other's release from rat hippocampal synaptosomes.
Topics: Adenosine; Amino Acids; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Phenylisopropyladenosine; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Persistent pulsatile release of glutamate induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate in neonatal rat hippocampal neurones.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Caffeine; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Potassium Channels; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1991 |
Nicotinic cholinoceptor-mediated excitation in ambigual motoneurons of the rat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Cranial Nerves; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Drug Interactions; Esophagus; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Motor Neurons; Muscarine; Peristalsis; Physostigmine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Nicotinic; Tetrodotoxin; Tubocurarine | 1991 |
A specific transduction mechanism for the glutamate action on phosphoinositide metabolism via the quisqualate metabotropic receptor in rat brain synaptoneurosomes: I. External Na+ requirement.
Topics: Amiloride; Animals; Carbachol; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Inositol Phosphates; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Monensin; Phosphatidylinositols; Prosencephalon; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Signal Transduction; Sodium; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1991 |
Ionic and synaptic mechanisms underlying a brainstem oscillator: an in vitro study of the pacemaker nucleus of Apteronotus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Biological Clocks; Brain Stem; Calcium; Cold Temperature; Electric Fish; Fourier Analysis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Potassium Channels; Sodium Channels; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Depolarization-evoked release of glutamate, aspartate and gamma-aminobutyric acid from rat dorsal spinal cord slices does not originate from capsaicin-sensitive neurons.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Capsaicin; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Neurons; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1991 |
Pharmacological evidence for N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors on nigrostriatal dopaminergic nerve terminals.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Nerve Endings; Phencyclidine; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Nigra; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Effects of chemical stimulation and lesion of the rostral ventrolateral medulla in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated spontaneous activity in cerebellar granule cells in culture.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium Channels; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cobalt; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Role of excitatory amino acid receptors in K+- and glutamate-evoked release of endogenous adenosine from rat cortical slices.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
Cardiovascular effects of L-glutamate and tetrodotoxin microinjected into the rostral and caudal ventrolateral medulla in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Blood Pressure; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hypertension; Medulla Oblongata; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
GABAergic responses in ventrolateral medulla in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Blood Pressure; Brain Mapping; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Injections; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred Strains; Rats, Inbred WKY; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
Preloading in vivo: a rapid and reliable method for measuring gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate fluxes by microdialysis.
Topics: Animals; Carbon Radioisotopes; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Dialysis; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium; Veratridine | 1990 |
Release of glutamate and aspartate from the visual cortex of the cat following activation of afferent pathways.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Geniculate Bodies; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Photic Stimulation; Tetrodotoxin; Visual Cortex; Visual Pathways | 1990 |
In vivo evidence for an inhibitory glutamatergic control of serotonin release in the cat caudate nucleus: involvement of GABA neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Bicuculline; Cats; Caudate Nucleus; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Riluzole; Serotonin; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Thiazoles | 1990 |
Effect of opioids on acetylcholine release evoked by K+ or glutamic acid from rat neostriatal slices.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Luminescent Measurements; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
The glutamate-mediated release of dopamine in the rat striatum: further characterization of the dual excitatory-inhibitory function.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Bicuculline; Caudate Nucleus; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium; Tyrosine | 1990 |
The conductance and density of sodium channels in the cut-open squid giant axon.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Axons; Decapodiformes; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Sodium; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin | 1986 |
Influence of Na+, K+, and Ca2+ on glutamine synthesis and distribution in rat brain cortex slices: a possible linkage of glutamine synthetase with cerebral transport processes and energetics in the astrocytes.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Ammonia; Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Cations; Cerebral Cortex; Energy Metabolism; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Ion Channels; Male; Ouabain; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin; Veratrine | 1987 |
Neurotransmitter-induced inositol phosphate formation in neurons in primary culture.
Topics: Animals; Carbachol; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Inositol Phosphates; Ion Channels; Kinetics; Mice; Neurons; Neurotensin; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Sugar Phosphates; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1988 |
Sustained dendritic gradients of Ca2+ induced by excitatory amino acids in CA1 hippocampal neurons.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Benzofurans; Calcium; Dendrites; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Ion Channels; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Potassium; Protein Kinase C; Sphingosine; Tetrodotoxin | 1988 |
Release by electrical stimulation of endogenous glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and other amino acids from slices of the rat medulla oblongata.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Calcium; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Electric Stimulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin | 1989 |
Use of calcium antagonism for the characterization of drug-evoked dopamine release from the brain of conscious rats determined by microdialysis.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Amphetamine; Animals; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Dialysis; Dopamine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Haloperidol; Magnesium; Male; Nomifensine; Ouabain; Piperazines; Potassium; Pyridinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin | 1989 |
Modulation of dendritic release of dopamine by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in rat substantia nigra.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Dendrites; Dopamine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Oxadiazoles; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Substantia Nigra; Tetrodotoxin | 1989 |
Actions of excitatory amino acids on somatostatin release from cortical neurons in primary cultures.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Fetus; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Kinetics; Magnesium; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Somatostatin; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1989 |
Bicuculline- and phaclofen-sensitive components of N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced hyperpolarizations in rat dorsolateral septal nucleus neurones.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Septal Nuclei; Tetrodotoxin | 1989 |
Release of D-[3H]aspartic acid from the rat striatum. Effect of veratridine-evoked depolarization, fronto-parietal cortex ablation, and striatal lesions with kainic acid.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Frontal Lobe; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neural Pathways; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parietal Lobe; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1985 |
Stimulus- and amino acid-induced calcium and potassium changes in rat neocortex.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Potassium; Rats; Tetrodotoxin | 1985 |
Quantitative studies on some antagonists of N-methyl D-aspartate in slices of rat cerebral cortex.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Callosum; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Ketamine; Male; Muscimol; N-Methylaspartate; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Neurons; Oxadiazoles; Potassium; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin | 1985 |
Cholecystokinin as a potent excitant of neurons of the dentate gyrus of rats.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Cholecystokinin; Cobalt; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Rats; Tetrodotoxin | 1985 |
Inhibition of [3H] glutamate release from rat hippocampal slices by L-phenylisopropyladenosine.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Calcium; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Phenylisopropyladenosine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin; Theophylline | 1985 |
Effects of kainic acid on brain calcium fluxes studied in vivo and in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Calcium; Drug Synergism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Potassium; Rabbits; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1986 |
Kynurenic acid and quinolinic acid act at N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Pyridines; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tetrodotoxin | 1986 |
Action of excitatory amino acids and their antagonists on hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Amino Acids; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Iontophoresis; Manganese; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Oxadiazoles; Quisqualic Acid; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 1985 |
Veratrine- and glutamate-stimulated cGMP production in cultured rat neurons is differentially inhibited by imipramine.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cyclic GMP; Cytoplasmic Granules; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Imipramine; Neurons; Rats; Tetrodotoxin; Valine; Veratrine | 1985 |
Glutamate depolarization of glial cells in Necturus optic nerve.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Electric Conductivity; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Necturus maculosus; Neuroglia; Optic Nerve; Strophanthidin; Tetrodotoxin | 1986 |
Effects of topically applied excitatory amino acids on evoked potentials and single cell activity in rat cerebral cortex.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Carbachol; Cerebral Cortex; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Homocysteine; In Vitro Techniques; Iontophoresis; Kainic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin | 1986 |
In vivo release of endogenous amino acids from the rat striatum: further evidence for a role of glutamate and aspartate in corticostriatal neurotransmission.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Electric Conductivity; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1986 |
Organophosphate and carbamate compounds have pre- and postjunctional effects at the insect glutamatergic synapse.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Grasshoppers; Isoflurophate; Organophosphates; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Physostigmine; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1986 |
Cellular origins of cyclic GMP responses to excitatory amino acid receptor agonists in rat cerebellum in vitro.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cerebellum; Cyclic GMP; Drug Interactions; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Nitroprusside; Purkinje Cells; Rats; Tetrodotoxin | 1987 |
Mechanisms of action of acetylcholine in the guinea-pig cerebral cortex in vitro.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; Cerebral Cortex; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neuromuscular Junction; Neurons; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1986 |
In vivo presynaptic control of dopamine release in the cat caudate nucleus--II. Facilitatory or inhibitory influence of L-glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Caudate Nucleus; Cerebral Cortex; Dopamine; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neural Pathways; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Riluzole; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Thiazoles | 1986 |
Phorbol esters enhance transmitter release in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Phorbol Esters; Rats; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1987 |
Depolarization- and transmitter-induced changes in intracellular Ca2+ of rat cerebellar granule cells in explant cultures.
Topics: Animals; Benzofurans; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Electric Conductivity; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Potassium; Rats; Tetrodotoxin | 1987 |
Glutamate-evoked release of endogenous brain dopamine: inhibition by an excitatory amino acid antagonist and an enkephalin analogue.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Male; Nomifensine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tetrodotoxin | 1987 |
Cytoplasmic calcium elevation in hippocampal granule cell induced by perforant path stimulation and L-glutamate application.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Aspartic Acid; Benzofurans; Calcium; Cytoplasm; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; N-Methylaspartate; Neural Pathways; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 1987 |
The role of depolarization in the survival and differentiation of cerebellar granule cells in culture.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, Surface; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cell Adhesion; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Cell Count; Cell Differentiation; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; DNA; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Lidocaine; Membrane Potentials; Potassium; Rats; Tetrodotoxin | 1987 |
Hyperpolarizing responses to application of glutamate in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons.
Topics: Animals; Electric Conductivity; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Membrane Potentials; Neural Inhibition; Tetrodotoxin | 1987 |
[3H]norepinephrine release from hippocampal slices is an in vitro biochemical tool for investigating the pharmacological properties of excitatory amino acid receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Dipeptides; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Homocysteine; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Norepinephrine; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Tetrodotoxin | 1987 |
Voltage-dependency of the responses of cerebellar Purkinje cells to excitatory amino acids.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cadmium; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Oxadiazoles; Purkinje Cells; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin | 1987 |
Effect of D890 on membrane properties of neocortical neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Gallopamil; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin | 1987 |
Changes in the relative amounts of aspartate and glutamate released and retained in hippocampal slices during stimulation.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Rats; Tetrodotoxin | 1988 |
Potentiation by kainate of excitatory amino acid release in striatum: complementary in vivo and in vitro experiments.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Female; Frontal Lobe; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Taurine; Tetrodotoxin | 1988 |
Continuous glutamate leakage from brain cells is balanced by compensatory high-affinity reuptake transport.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Corpus Striatum; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin | 1987 |
Synaptic transmission between rat cerebellar granule and Purkinje cells in dissociated cell culture: effects of excitatory-amino acid transmitter antagonists.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Purkinje Cells; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 1988 |
Post-natal development of electrophysiological properties of rat cerebral cortical pyramidal neurones.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cerebral Cortex; Cesium; Electric Conductivity; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Rats; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin | 1987 |
Stimulation of muscarinic receptor in hippocampal neuron induces characteristic increase in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cytosol; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Pirenzepine; Potassium; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1988 |
Mechanisms of long-term potentiation: EPSP/spike dissociation, intradendritic recordings, and glutamate sensitivity.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Biomechanical Phenomena; Dendrites; Differential Threshold; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1988 |
The modulation of excitatory amino acid responses by serotonin in the cat neocortex in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Cinanserin; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Male; Membrane Potentials; Methysergide; N-Methylaspartate; Oxadiazoles; Quisqualic Acid; Serotonin; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin | 1987 |
Extracellular amino acid concentrations in the dorsal spinal cord of freely moving rats following veratridine and nociceptive stimulation.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Dialysis; Extracellular Space; Formaldehyde; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nociceptors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine; Veratrine | 1988 |
Effect of depolarization on the maturation of cerebellar granule cells in culture.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Potassium; Rats; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Veratridine; Veratrine | 1988 |
Excitatory amino acid antagonists and endogenous aspartate and glutamate release from rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Amino Acids; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Aspartic Acid; Dibenzocycloheptenes; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 1988 |
CGS 19755, a selective and competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate-type excitatory amino acid receptor antagonist.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Aconitine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Aspartic Acid; Avoidance Learning; Binding, Competitive; Darkness; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Pentylenetetrazole; Picrotoxin; Pipecolic Acids; Piperidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Seizures; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tetrodotoxin | 1988 |
Synaptic connections in the dorsal cochlear nucleus of mice, in vitro.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain; Calcium; Cochlear Nerve; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Neurons; Strychnine; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Vestibulocochlear Nerve | 1988 |
An intracellular analysis of amino acid induced excitations of deep dorsal horn neurones in the rat spinal cord slice.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Intracellular Membranes; N-Methylaspartate; Oxadiazoles; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 1988 |
Glutamate stimulates somatostatin release from diencephalic neurons in primary culture.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Diencephalon; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Oxadiazoles; Phencyclidine; Potassium; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Somatostatin; Tetrodotoxin; Valine; Veratridine | 1988 |
L-glutamate increases internal free calcium levels in synaptoneurosomes from immature rat brain via quisqualate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Calcimycin; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Isradipine; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Oxadiazoles; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Stereoisomerism; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1988 |
Neuronal death in vitro: parallelism between survivability of hippocampal neurones and sustained elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ after exposure to glutamate receptor agonist.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Cell Count; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cytosol; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Nitrendipine; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1988 |
The release of gamma-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, and acetylcholine from striatal slices: a mass fragmentographic study.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Caudate Nucleus; Electric Stimulation; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Perfusion; Potassium Chloride; Tetrodotoxin | 1981 |
In vitro release of endogenous beta-alanine, GABA, and glutamate, and electrophysiological effect of beta-alanine in pigeon optic tectum.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; beta-Alanine; Calcium; Columbidae; Electrophysiology; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Potassium; Strychnine; Superior Colliculi; Tetrodotoxin; Veratrine | 1982 |
Biochemical and electrophysiological demonstrations of the actions of beta-bungarotoxin on synapses in brain.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Brain; Bungarotoxins; Calcium; Electrophysiology; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Olfactory Bulb; Phospholipases A; Phospholipases A2; Rats; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1982 |
Glutamate stimulation of 45Ca uptake by rat striatal synaptosomes.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Radioisotopes; Corpus Striatum; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1982 |
Alteration in neuronal-glial metabolism of glutamate by the neurotoxin kainic acid.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Cerebellum; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Kainic Acid; Male; Neuroglia; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1982 |
Multiple actions of acetylcholine on hippocampal pyramidal cells in organotypic explant cultures.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Cholinergic Fibers; Cobalt; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ion Channels; Magnesium; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1982 |
Conductance changes induced by DL-homocysteic acid and N-methyl-DL-aspartic acid in hippocampal neurons.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cell Membrane; Electric Conductivity; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Homocysteine; In Vitro Techniques; Iontophoresis; Manganese; N-Methylaspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 1982 |
Effects of anoxia on the stimulated release of amino acid neurotransmitters in the cerebellum in vitro.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebellum; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin | 1983 |
The suppression of stimulus-evoked release of amino acid neurotransmitters from synaptosomes by verapamil.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport, Active; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Threonine; Verapamil; Veratridine | 1983 |
Regional release of [3H]dopamine from rat brain in vitro: effects of opioids on release induced by potassium, nicotine, and L-glutamic acid.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Nicotine; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 1983 |
Stimulation of [3H]gamma-aminobutyric acid release by calcium chelators in synaptosomes.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Brain; Calcium; Dopamine; Edetic Acid; Egtazic Acid; Ethylene Glycols; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Magnesium; Mice; Sodium; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1984 |
Neurotransmitter amino acids in the CNS. II. Some changes in amino acid levels in rat brain synaptosomes during and after in vitro anoxia and simulated ischemia.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Culture Techniques; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoxia, Brain; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1984 |
Excitatory and inhibitory effects of H1-blockers on isolated bullfrog spinal cords.
Topics: Animals; Diphenhydramine; Gallopamil; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Histamine; Histamine H1 Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Motor Neurons; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Pyrilamine; Rana catesbeiana; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin | 1984 |
Effects of caroverine and diltiazem on synaptic responses, L-glutamate-induced depolarization and potassium efflux in the frog spinal cord.
Topics: Animals; Benzazepines; Diltiazem; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Microelectrodes; Motor Neurons; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rana catesbeiana; Spinal Nerve Roots; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Vasodilator Agents | 1984 |
Hippocampal slices: glutamate overflow and cellular damage from ischemia are reduced by sodium-channel blockade.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Phenytoin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1995 |
Rat cortical synaptosomes have more than one mechanism for Ca2+ entry linked to rapid glutamate release: studies using the Phoneutria nigriventer toxin PhTX2 and potassium depolarization.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Chlorides; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Gramicidin; Kinetics; Male; Manganese Compounds; Neuropeptides; Neurotoxins; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium; Sodium Channels; Spider Venoms; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Role of Ca2+ in alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid-mediated polyphosphoinositide turnover in primary neuronal cultures.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Calcimycin; Calcium; Carbachol; Cells, Cultured; Cobalt; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates; Rats; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1994 |
Origin of delayed outward ionic current in charge movement traces from frog skeletal muscle.
Topics: 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid; 4-Aminopyridine; Amifampridine; Animals; Anions; Calcium; Cesium; Chloride Channels; Egtazic Acid; Furosemide; Gluconates; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Muscle, Skeletal; Rana temporaria; Rubidium; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1994 |
Modulation of Ca(2+)-stimulated glutamate release from synaptosomes by Na+ entry through tetrodotoxin-sensitive channels.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Gramicidin; Male; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Scorpion Venoms; Sodium; Sodium Channels; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1994 |
AMPA receptor activation regulates the glutamate metabotropic receptor stimulated phosphatidylinositol turnover in human cerebral cortex slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Calcimycin; Cerebral Cortex; Child; Cycloleucine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; N-Methylaspartate; Phosphatidylinositols; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Signal Transduction; Tetrodotoxin | 1995 |
Cocaine increases extraneuronal levels of aspartate and glutamate in the nucleus accumbens.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Behavior, Animal; Calcium; Cocaine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Narcotics; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 1995 |
Synaptic vesicle depletion in reticulospinal axons is reduced by 5-hydroxytryptamine: direct evidence for presynaptic modulation of glutamatergic transmission.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Axons; Barium; Cell Count; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Lampreys; Presynaptic Terminals; Serotonin; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin | 1995 |
Extracellular concentration of endogenous free D-serine in the rat brain as revealed by in vivo microdialysis.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Cerebellum; Corpus Striatum; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kinetics; Male; Microdialysis; Organ Specificity; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serine; Sodium Channel Blockers; Stereoisomerism; Tetrodotoxin; Veratrine | 1995 |
On the mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced membrane depolarization in striatal neurons.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Electric Conductivity; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; Male; Membrane Potentials; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin | 1995 |
Glutamate receptor agonists enhance the expression of BDNF mRNA in cultured cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Molecular Weight; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Growth Factors; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Quinoxalines; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA; RNA, Messenger; Tetrodotoxin; Transcription, Genetic | 1993 |
Voltage- and transmitter-gated currents of all-amacrine cells in a slice preparation of the rat retina.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Cobalt; Electrophysiology; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channel Gating; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Sodium Channels; Strychnine; Synapses; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Modulation of calcium-dependent and -independent components of veratridine-evoked release of glutamate from rat cerebellum.
Topics: Amiloride; Animals; Apamin; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cerebellum; Cobalt; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; omega-Conotoxins; Peptides; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Ruthenium Red; Tetrodotoxin; Verapamil; Veratridine | 1993 |
Activity-dependent development of the neuromuscular synapse during Drosophila embryogenesis.
Topics: Animals; Drosophila melanogaster; Embryo, Nonmammalian; Ethyl Methanesulfonate; Gene Expression; Genes; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Larva; Motor Activity; Muscle Contraction; Muscles; Mutagenesis; Neuromuscular Junction; Neurons; Receptors, Glutamate; Sodium Channels; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Calcium signaling of glial cells along mammalian axons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Aging; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Axons; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Models, Neurological; Neuroglia; Neurons; Optic Nerve; Signal Transduction; Tetrodotoxin; Xanthenes | 1993 |
Potentiating effect of peptidase inhibitors on a C fiber-evoked response in the isolated spinal cord preparation of the neonatal rat.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Captopril; Drug Synergism; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guanidines; Hydroxamic Acids; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Leucine; Nerve Fibers; Neurokinin A; Protease Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spinal Cord; Spinal Nerve Roots; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Thiorphan | 1993 |
Hypoxic excitation of medullary vasomotor neurons in rats are not mediated by glutamate or nitric oxide.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; Injections, Spinal; Kynurenine; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Cyanide; Sympathectomy, Chemical; Tetrodotoxin; Vasomotor System | 1993 |
Transient and long-lasting actions of 5-HT on rat dentate gyrus neurones in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Dioxins; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorobenzenes; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Indoles; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Piperidines; Quinolizines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin; Spiro Compounds; Tetrodotoxin | 1994 |
Nefiracetam enhances acetylcholine outflow from the frontal cortex: in vivo microdialysis study in the rat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Calcium Channels; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Frontal Lobe; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Physostigmine; Pyrrolidinones; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Scopolamine; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1994 |
Glutamate effect on synaptic transmission mediates neurotoxicity in dissociated rat hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Rats; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1995 |
Prolonged time course of glutamate release from nerve terminals: relationship between stimulus duration and the secretory event.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Batrachotoxins; Calcium; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Nerve Endings; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Sodium; Sodium Channels; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 1995 |
Role of sodium and potassium ions in regulation of glucose metabolism in cultured astroglia.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Astrocytes; Bucladesine; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Deoxyglucose; Female; Fetus; Gestational Age; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Monensin; Neurons; Ouabain; Phosphorylation; Potassium; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Veratridine | 1995 |
Glutamate-evoked release of adenosine 5'-triphosphate causing an increase in intracellular calcium in hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Bicuculline; Cadmium; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Suramin; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1995 |
Changes in extracellular levels of glutamate and aspartate in rat substantia nigra induced by dopamine receptor ligands: in vivo microdialysis studies.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Benzazepines; Dopamine Agonists; Dopamine Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Ergolines; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Ligands; Male; Microdialysis; Quinpirole; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine; Spiperone; Substantia Nigra; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1995 |
The formation of glutamatergic synapses in cultured central neurons: selective increase in miniature synaptic currents.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Immunohistochemistry; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Thalamus | 1994 |
Direct patch recording from identified presynaptic terminals mediating glutamatergic EPSCs in the rat CNS, in vitro.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain; Carbocyanines; Electrophysiology; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Isoquinolines; Microscopy, Confocal; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pons; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 1994 |
Comparison of the superfused efflux of preaccumulated D-[3H]aspartate and endogenous L-aspartate and L-glutamate from rat cerebrocortical minislices.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Male; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stereoisomerism; Tetrodotoxin | 1994 |
Activity-dependent plasticity of inhibitory and excitatory amino acid transmitter systems in cultured rat cerebral cortex.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Excitatory Amino Acids; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroglia; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurotransmitter Agents; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Rats; Tetrodotoxin | 1994 |
Visualization of quantal synaptic transmission by dendritic calcium imaging.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dendrites; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Microelectrodes; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Phorbol Esters; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1994 |
Spontaneous synaptic activities in rat nucleus tractus solitarius neurons in vitro: evidence for re-excitatory processing.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Signal Transduction; Solitary Nucleus; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Evaluation of the spinal cord neuron X neuroblastoma hybrid cell line NSC-34 as a model for neurotoxicity testing.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cell Line; Culture Media; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hexanones; Hybrid Cells; Mice; Models, Neurological; Neuroblastoma; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pyridines; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Neoplasms; Tetrodotoxin; Thiones | 1993 |
Spontaneous Ca2+ transients in developing hippocampal pyramidal cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Lasers; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Picrotoxin; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Glutamate; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Xanthenes | 1994 |
The microI skeletal muscle sodium channel: mutation E403Q eliminates sensitivity to tetrodotoxin but not to mu-conotoxins GIIIA and GIIIB.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Base Sequence; Cells, Cultured; Conotoxins; DNA; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Molecular Sequence Data; Muscles; Mutation; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Oocytes; Peptides, Cyclic; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rats; Saxitoxin; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin; Xenopus laevis | 1994 |
Adenosine facilitates glutamate release in a protein kinase-dependent manner in superior colliculus slices.
Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; Adenosine; Animals; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Isoquinolines; Piperazines; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Protein Kinases; Sulfonamides; Superior Colliculi; Tetrodotoxin | 1994 |
Tityustoxin-mediated Na+ influx is more efficient than KCl depolarisation in promoting Ca(2+)-dependent glutamate release from synaptosomes.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Neurotoxins; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Scorpion Venoms; Sodium; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1994 |
Characterization of glutamate, aspartate, and GABA release from ischemic rat cerebral cortex.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycoproteins; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrodotoxin | 1994 |
Two distinct pathways are involved in the endothelin-3-evoked dopamine release from rat striatal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Drug Interactions; Endothelins; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Male; Nifedipine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 1994 |
Neuroprotective effects of tetrodotoxin as a Na+ channel modulator and glutamate release inhibitor in cultured rat cerebellar neurons and in gerbil global brain ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ion Transport; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1994 |
Distinct actions of endogenous excitatory amino acids on the outflow of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Dialysis; Dopamine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stimulation, Chemical; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells depends on electrical activity in axons.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Axons; Cell Division; Embryo, Mammalian; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mitosis; Oligodendroglia; Optic Nerve; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Potassium; Stem Cells; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Flunarizine inhibits both calcium-dependent and -independent release of glutamate from synaptosomes and cultured neurones.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Flunarizine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Osmolar Concentration; Ouabain; Potassium Chloride; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1993 |
Two functionally different glutamate receptors of the kainate subtype in embryonic rat mesencephalic cells.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Female; Flow Cytometry; Gestational Age; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Mesencephalon; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1993 |
Glutamate iontophoresis induces long-term potentiation in the absence of evoked presynaptic activity.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adenosine; Animals; Calcium; Dizocilpine Maleate; Egtazic Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Iontophoresis; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Chloride; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Barium-evoked glutamate release from guinea-pig cerebrocortical synaptosomes.
Topics: Animals; Barium; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Phosphorylation; Potassium Chloride; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Effect of potassium channel modulators on the release of glutamate induced by ischaemic-like conditions in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Oxygen Consumption; Potassium Channels; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Hyperpolarizing synaptic potentials evoked in CA1 pyramidal cells by glutamate stimulation of interneurons from the oriens/alveus border of rat hippocampal slices. I. Electrophysiological response properties.
Topics: Animals; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Male; Neurons; Rats; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Time-related loss of glutamine from hippocampal slices and concomitant changes in neurotransmitter amino acids.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amino Acids; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neurotransmitter Agents; Osmolar Concentration; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1993 |
L-dopa induces Ca(2+)-dependent and tetrodotoxin-sensitive release of endogenous glutamate from rat striatal slices.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Levodopa; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Detection of capsaicin-evoked release of glutamate from spinal dorsal horn slices of rat with on-line monitoring system.
Topics: Animals; Biosensing Techniques; Capsaicin; Enzymes, Immobilized; Fluorometry; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Monitoring, Physiologic; Nerve Endings; Neurons, Afferent; Online Systems; Perfusion; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic currents in ganglion cells from isolated retinae of pigmented rats during postnatal development.
Topics: Animals; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Light; Photoreceptor Cells; Rats; Rats, Inbred ACI; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Glutamate; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Paroxysmal long-lasting depolarizations in cultured hippocampal neurons are generated by activation of NMDA and non-NMDA receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Electric Stimulation; Embryo, Mammalian; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Magnesium; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Characterization of the glutamate receptors mediating release of somatostatin from cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cycloleucine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Synergism; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Somatostatin; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Evidence for glutamate-mediated activation of hippocampal neurons by glial calcium waves.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Cell Communication; Cells, Cultured; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Immunohistochemistry; Neuroglia; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Signal Transduction; Tetrodotoxin | 1995 |
On the origin of extracellular glutamate levels monitored in the basal ganglia of the rat by in vivo microdialysis.
Topics: Amino Acids; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Basal Ganglia; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Dicarboxylic Acids; Glutamic Acid; Halothane; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Microdialysis; Neurotransmitter Agents; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Potassium; Presynaptic Terminals; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Spider Venoms; Substantia Nigra; Tetrodotoxin; Urethane | 1996 |
Functional neuroanatomy of the nigrostriatal and striatonigral pathways as studied with dual probe microdialysis in the awake rat--I. Effects of perfusion with tetrodotoxin and low-calcium medium.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Culture Media; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Neural Pathways; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substantia Nigra; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Functional neuroanatomy of the nigrostriatal and striatonigral pathways as studied with dual probe microdialysis in the awake rat--II. Evidence for striatal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor regulation of striatonigral GABAergic transmission and motor functio
Topics: Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; N-Methylaspartate; Neostriatum; Neural Pathways; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Glutamate-induced long-term potentiation enhances spontaneous EPSC amplitude but not frequency.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Iontophoresis; Long-Term Potentiation; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Vicious cycle involving Na+ channels, glutamate release, and NMDA receptors mediates delayed neurodegeneration through nitric oxide formation.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Kinetics; Nerve Degeneration; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1996 |
Activation of voltage-dependent sodium channels in cultured cerebellar poffule cells induces neurotoxicity that is not mediated by glutamate release.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain; Calcium Channels; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Chromium Radioisotopes; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reptilian Proteins; Scorpion Venoms; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1996 |
Intracellular calcium oscillation in cultured rat hippocampal neurons: a model for glutamatergic neurotransmission.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Models, Neurological; Neurons; Nicardipine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Adenosine A1 antagonism increases specific synaptic forms of glutamate release during anoxia, revealing a unique source of excitation.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia, Brain; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Male; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Xanthines | 1996 |
Isolation of toxin TsTX-VI from Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom. Effects on the release of neurotransmitters from synaptosomes.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Neurotoxins; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Scorpion Venoms; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
NMDA receptor activation induces glutamate release through nitric oxide synthesis in guinea pig dentate gyrus.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Calcium; Dentate Gyrus; Dizocilpine Maleate; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Male; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
A comparison of spontaneous EPSCs in layer II and layer IV-V neurons of the rat entorhinal cortex in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Entorhinal Cortex; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Glutamate hyperexcitability and seizure-like activity throughout the brain and spinal cord upon relief from chronic glutamate receptor blockade in culture.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Brain; Cadmium; Calcium; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Olfactory Bulb; Organ Specificity; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Seizures; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Amino acid-mediated regulation of spontaneous synaptic activity patterns in the rat basolateral amygdala.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Bicuculline; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neurotransmitter Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
The competitive transport inhibitor L-trans-pyrrolidine-2, 4-dicarboxylate triggers excitotoxicity in rat cortical neuron-astrocyte co-cultures via glutamate release rather than uptake inhibition.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Binding, Competitive; Biological Transport; Calcium; Cell Survival; Coculture Techniques; Dicarboxylic Acids; Glutamic Acid; Neuroglia; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Stereoisomerism; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Visualization of glutamate release from rat spinal cord with a confocal laser scanning microscope.
Topics: Animals; Capsaicin; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Microscopy, Confocal; NAD; Neurons, Afferent; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Nicotinic actions on neurones of the central autonomic area in rat spinal cord slices.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alkaloids; Animals; Azocines; Cholinergic Agonists; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Evoked Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Isoquinolines; Mecamylamine; Neurons; Nicotine; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinolizines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Cholinergic; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Postsynaptic glutamate uptake in rat cerebellar Purkinje cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Benzoates; Cycloleucine; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Ion Channel Gating; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Purkinje Cells; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Glutamate as a candidate retrograde messenger at interneurone-Purkinje cell synapses of rat cerebellum.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Alanine; Animals; Benzoates; Colforsin; Cyclopropanes; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Interneurons; Kinetics; Presynaptic Terminals; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Equivalence of amplified current flowing from dendrite to soma measured by alteration of repetitive firing and by voltage clamp in layer 5 pyramidal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Dendrites; Evoked Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Iontophoresis; Linear Models; Membrane Potentials; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Dopamine enhancement and depression of glutamate-regulated calcium and electrical activity in hypothalamic neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Glutamate microinjections in cerebellar cortex reproduce cerebrovascular effects of parallel fiber stimulation.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Cerebellar Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Electric Stimulation; Glutamic Acid; Indazoles; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Nerve Fibers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
The source of physiologically stimulated glutamate efflux from the striatum of conscious rats.
Topics: Animals; Cadmium Chloride; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Glutamic Acid; Grooming; Magnesium Chloride; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stereotyped Behavior; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Osmotic modulation in glutamatergic excitatory synaptic inputs to neurons in the supraoptic nucleus of rat hypothalamus in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Conductivity; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mannitol; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Osmosis; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Saline Solution, Hypertonic; Supraoptic Nucleus; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Activation of interneurons at the stratum oriens/alveus border suppresses excitatory transmission to apical dendrites in the CA1 area of the mouse hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Dendrites; Electrophysiology; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Interneurons; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Pyramidal Cells; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1997 |
Altered basal release and pressor effect of L-DOPA in the rostral ventrolateral medulla of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Animals; Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylases; Blood Pressure; Dopamine Agents; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hypertension; Levodopa; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microdialysis; Microinjections; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Tetrodotoxin; Tyrosine; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1995 |
L-trans-pyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid-evoked striatal glutamate levels are attenuated by calcium reduction, tetrodotoxin, and glutamate receptor blockade.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dicarboxylic Acids; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Isoquinolines; Male; Microdialysis; Neostriatum; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Oxidation-Reduction; Piperazines; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrazoles; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Immediate and delayed effects of in vitro ischemia on glutamate efflux from guinea-pig cerebral cortex slices.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Female; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Ouabain; Potassium Chloride; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1997 |
Possible involvement of nitric oxide in NMDA-induced glutamate release in the rat striatum: an in vivo microdialysis study.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; N-Methylaspartate; Neostriatum; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; o-Phthalaldehyde; omega-N-Methylarginine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Local synaptic release of glutamate from neurons in the rat hypothalamic arcuate nucleus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus; Calcium Channels; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Models, Neurological; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Neurotransmitter release from growth cones of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons in culture.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ganglia, Spinal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Somatostatin inhibits excitatory transmission at rat hippocampal synapses via presynaptic receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hormone Antagonists; Hormones; Ion Channel Gating; Neurons; Octreotide; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Peptides, Cyclic; Pertussis Toxin; Potassium; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Somatostatin; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1997 |
TsTX-VII, a new toxin from Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom able to induce the release of neurotransmitters from rat brain synaptosomes not blocked by tetrodotoxin.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Chromatography; Drug Synergism; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Neurotoxins; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Scorpion Venoms; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Transporters buffer synaptically released glutamate on a submillisecond time scale.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Evoked Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Lithium; Models, Neurological; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1997 |
Glutamatergic enteric neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Antibodies; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Ileum; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Small; Male; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Neurons; Nicotine; Organelles; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptic Vesicles; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Characterization of glutamate and [3H]D-aspartate outflow from various in vitro preparations of the rat hippocampus.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reproducibility of Results; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 1997 |
Extracellular glutamate and dopamine measured by microdialysis in the rat striatum during blockade of synaptic transmission in anesthetized and awake rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamic Acid; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Wakefulness | 1997 |
Domoic acid neurotoxicity in cultured cerebellar granule neurons is mediated predominantly by NMDA receptors that are activated as a consequence of excitatory amino acid release.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Culture Media, Conditioned; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Regulation of GABA release via NMDA and 5-HT1A receptors in guinea pig dentate gyrus.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Animals; Calcium; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dentate Gyrus; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Magnesium; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Piperazines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Serotonin; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT1; Serotonin Antagonists; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Currents evoked in Bergmann glial cells by parallel fibre stimulation in rat cerebellar slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cadmium; Cerebellum; Dicarboxylic Acids; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nerve Fibers; Neuroglia; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Evidence for a role of presynaptic AMPA receptors in the control of neuronal glutamate release in the rat forebrain.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Aspartic Acid; Benzodiazepines; Benzothiadiazines; Binding, Competitive; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Presynaptic Terminals; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Sodium channel modulators prevent oxygen and glucose deprivation injury and glutamate release in rat neocortical cultures.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cell Death; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lidocaine; Neurons; Phenytoin; Piperazines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Neuropeptide Y release from cultured hippocampal neurons: stimulation by glutamate acting at N-methyl-D-aspartate and AMPA receptors.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antibody Specificity; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Magnesium; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Quinoxalines; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Inhibitory interactions between perigeniculate GABAergic neurons.
Topics: Acetazolamide; Action Potentials; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Axons; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Ferrets; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Geniculate Bodies; Glutamic Acid; Male; Muscimol; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Organophosphorus Compounds; Picrotoxin; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B; Receptors, Presynaptic; Tetrodotoxin; Thalamic Nuclei | 1997 |
L-DOPA neurotoxicity is mediated by glutamate release in cultured rat striatal neurons.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Culture Media; Fetus; Glutamic Acid; Levodopa; Magnesium; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Effect of nitric oxide donors on endogenous dopamine release from rat striatal slices. II: The role of voltage-dependent sodium channels, calcium channel activation, reverse transport mechanism, guanylate cyclase and endogenous glutamate.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Guanylate Cyclase; Hydroxylamine; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Methylene Blue; Nitric Oxide; Nitroprusside; Nomifensine; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Peptides; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin; Vasodilator Agents; Verapamil | 1997 |
Evidence for neuronal origin and metabotropic receptor-mediated regulation of extracellular glutamate and aspartate in rat striatum in vivo following electrical stimulation of the prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Benzoates; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Cycloleucine; Dicarboxylic Acids; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1998 |
In vivo microdialysis reveals facilitatory metabotropic glutamate receptors regulating excitatory amino acid release in rat nucleus tractus solitarius.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Benzoates; Calcium; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cycloleucine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kinetics; Male; Microdialysis; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Solitary Nucleus; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Activation of cerebellar climbing fibers increases cerebellar blood flow: role of glutamate receptors, nitric oxide, and cGMP.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Cerebellum; Cyclic GMP; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Harmaline; Male; Nerve Fibers; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Penicillamine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine; Tetrodotoxin; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial | 1998 |
Activity-dependent scaling of quantal amplitude in neocortical neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Bicuculline; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neuronal Plasticity; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Visual Cortex | 1998 |
Oxytocin modulates glutamatergic synaptic transmission between cultured neonatal spinal cord dorsal horn neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Benzodiazepines; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Methionine; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Neurons; Nociceptors; Oxytocin; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Functional organization of rat olfactory bulb glomeruli revealed by optical imaging.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Olfactory Bulb; Organ Culture Techniques; Organophosphorus Compounds; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Stimulation, Chemical; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Glutamatergic synaptic inputs to mouse supraoptic neurons in calcium-free medium in vitro.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Supraoptic Nucleus; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Increase of extracellular glutamate and expression of Fos-like immunoreactivity in the ventral tegmental area in response to electrical stimulation of the prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Animals; Electric Stimulation; Extracellular Space; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Prefrontal Cortex; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Stilbamidines; Tegmentum Mesencephali; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Networks of coactive neurons in developing layer 1.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; GABA Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Muscimol; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1998 |
Dopamine is released spontaneously from developing midbrain neurons in organotypic culture.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Axons; Dopamine; Electric Stimulation; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Mesencephalon; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Substantia Nigra; Tegmentum Mesencephali; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1998 |
Suppression of sprouting: An early function of NMDA receptors in the absence of AMPA/kainate receptor activity.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Axons; Cells, Cultured; Chelating Agents; Dizocilpine Maleate; Egtazic Acid; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Magnesium; Membrane Proteins; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Qa-SNARE Proteins; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Superior Colliculi; Synapses; Synaptophysin; Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25; Tetrodotoxin; Xenopus | 1998 |
Study on the possible involvement of protein kinases in the modulation of brain presynaptic sodium channels; comparison with calcium channels.
Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; Animals; Brain; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Okadaic Acid; Protein Kinase C; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Protein Kinases; Sodium; Sodium Channels; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1998 |
Synaptically evoked dendritic action potentials in rat neocortical pyramidal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Dendrites; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; Iontophoresis; Male; Motor Cortex; N-Methylaspartate; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Sodium Channels; Somatosensory Cortex; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Temporal integration can readily switch between sublinear and supralinear summation.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Dendrites; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Fiber Optic Technology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ion Channel Gating; Lasers; Mathematics; Models, Neurological; Optical Fibers; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Photic Stimulation; Photochemistry; Potassium Channels; Rats; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Ultraviolet Rays | 1998 |
Evidence for involvement of the lateral parabrachial nucleus in mediation of cholinergic inputs to neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla of the rat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cholinergic Fibers; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Iontophoresis; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons; Physostigmine; Pons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Scopolamine; Sympathetic Nervous System; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Peroxynitrite causes aspartate release from dissociated rat cerebellar granule neurones.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cerebellar Cortex; Dithiothreitol; Egtazic Acid; Glutamic Acid; Ion Transport; Kainic Acid; Membrane Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Superoxides; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
In vivo microdialysis study of (+/-)-kavain on veratridine-induced glutamate release.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Drug Interactions; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Pyrones; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1998 |
Endogenous NMDA-receptor activation regulates glutamate release in cultured spinal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1998 |
Veratridine- and glutamate-induced release of [3H]-GABA from cultured chick retina cells: possible involvement of a GAT-1-like subtype of GABA transporter.
Topics: Animals; Carrier Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Proteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Organic Anion Transporters; Retina; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium; Veratridine | 1998 |
Analysing functional connectivity in brain slices by a combination of infrared video microscopy, flash photolysis of caged compounds and scanning methods.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Microscopy, Video; Photolysis; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Somatosensory Cortex; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Glutamate locally activates dendritic outputs of thalamic interneurons.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Cycloleucine; Dendrites; Geniculate Bodies; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Neural Inhibition; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Tetrodotoxin; Thalamus | 1998 |
Inhibitory connections between antagonistic motor neurones of the crayfish walking legs.
Topics: 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid; Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Astacoidea; Chlorides; Electrophysiology; Female; GABA Agents; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Histamine; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Motor Neurons; Neural Inhibition; Picrotoxin; Synapses; Tetraethylammonium; Tetrodotoxin; Walking | 1998 |
Early synaptogenesis in vitro: role of axon target distance.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Axons; Bicuculline; Calcium; Cell Count; Cells, Cultured; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; Indicators and Reagents; Luminescent Proteins; Neurites; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptic Vesicles; Synaptophysin; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Presynaptic and postsynaptic actions and modulation of neuroendocrine neurons by a new hypothalamic peptide, hypocretin/orexin.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus; Cadmium; Calcium; Carrier Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Evoked Potentials; Feeding Behavior; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Membrane Potentials; Molecular Sequence Data; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Neurosecretory Systems; Neurotransmitter Agents; Orexins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Signal Transduction; Tetrodotoxin; Thapsigargin | 1998 |
Evidence for a striatal NMDA receptor modulation of nigral glutamate release. A dual probe microdialysis study in the awake freely moving rat.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Movement; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Nigra; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor induces rapid and transient release of glutamate through the non-exocytotic pathway from cortical neurons.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Rats; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Receptor, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Dihydrokainate-sensitive neuronal glutamate transport is required for protection of rat cortical neurons in culture against synaptically released glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Calcium; Calcium Radioisotopes; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dicarboxylic Acids; Extracellular Space; Fetus; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Evoked quantal currents at neuromuscular junctions of wild type Drosophila larvae.
Topics: Animals; Drosophila melanogaster; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Larva; Neuromuscular Junction; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1998 |
NMDA induced glutamate release from the suprachiasmatic nucleus: an in vitro study in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Circadian Rhythm; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Eye Enucleation; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; N-Methylaspartate; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1998 |
Direct glutamate-mediated presynaptic inhibition of sensory afferents by the postsynaptic motor neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Astacoidea; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Feedback; Female; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; Neural Inhibition; Neurons, Afferent; Picrotoxin; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Evidence for a neurotransmitter role of glutamate in guinea pig myenteric plexus neurons.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Ganglionic Stimulants; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Histamine; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Isoquinolines; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium; Sodium Glutamate; Tetrahydroisoquinolines; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
A pharmacological and HPLC analysis of the excitatory transmitter of the cardiac ganglion in the heart of the isopod crustacean Bathynomus doederleini.
Topics: Animals; Biogenic Monoamines; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Concanavalin A; Crustacea; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Ganglia, Invertebrate; Glutamic Acid; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Neurotransmitter Agents; Receptors, Glutamate; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
The pH-sensitive dye acridine orange as a tool to monitor exocytosis/endocytosis in synaptosomes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Acids; Acridine Orange; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biological Transport; Cadmium; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Chelating Agents; Dimerization; Egtazic Acid; Endocytosis; Exocytosis; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Macrolides; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Synaptic Vesicles; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
An analysis of low level doses of cholinesterase inhibitors in cultured neurons and hippocampal slices of rats.
Topics: Alkaloids; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Culture Techniques; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neurons; Organophosphorus Compounds; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Sarin; Sesquiterpenes; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Subcellular muscarinic enhancement of excitability and Ca2+-signals in CA1-dendrites in rat hippocampal slice.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Antimanic Agents; Atropine; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Carbachol; Dendrites; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Lithium Chloride; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Mature hippocampal astrocytes exhibit functional metabotropic and ionotropic glutamate receptors in situ.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; omega-Conotoxins; Peptides; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; S100 Proteins; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Miniature synaptic events maintain dendritic spines via AMPA receptor activation.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Botulinum Toxins; Dendrites; Denervation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Receptors, AMPA; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
The glutamate and carbachol effects on the early post-denervation depolarization in rat diaphragm are directed towards furosemide-sensitive chloride transport.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Carbachol; Chlorides; Culture Media; Diaphragm; Evoked Potentials; Furosemide; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; Muscle, Skeletal; Organ Culture Techniques; Ouabain; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Lead increases tetrodotoxin-insensitive spontaneous release of glutamate and GABA from hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Chelating Agents; Edetic Acid; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Lead; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Nanomolar concentrations of lead inhibit glutamatergic and GABAergic transmission in hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Chelating Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edetic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Lead; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Picrotoxin; Potassium Channels; Sodium Channels; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Simultaneous effects of local dexfenfluramine application on extracellular glutamate and serotonin levels in rat frontal cortex: a reverse microdialysis study.
Topics: Animals; Biogenic Monoamines; Dexfenfluramine; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Serotonin; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Control of glutamate release by calcium channels and kappa-opioid receptors in rodent and primate striatum.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Benzofurans; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Callithrix; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neostriatum; omega-Agatoxin IVA; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Peptides; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Spider Venoms; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Effects of handling on extracellular levels of glutamate and other amino acids in various areas of the brain measured by microdialysis.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Handling, Psychological; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Microdialysis; Potassium; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stimulation, Chemical; Stress, Physiological; Tetrodotoxin; Ventral Tegmental Area | 1999 |
Disinhibition of lower midbrain neurons enhances non-shivering thermogenesis in anesthetized rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Decerebrate State; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; Male; Mesencephalon; Microinjections; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Procaine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Shivering; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Effect of calcium on the uptake of glutamate by synaptosomes: possible involvement of two different mechanisms.
Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Calmodulin; Cerebral Cortex; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Electrophysiology; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Trifluoperazine | 1999 |
GABAB receptor-mediated regulation of glutamate-activated calcium transients in hypothalamic and cortical neuron development.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cytarabine; Drug Synergism; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus, Middle; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Pertussis Toxin; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-B; Tetrodotoxin; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1999 |
Inhibition of uptake unmasks rapid extracellular turnover of glutamate of nonvesicular origin.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neurotoxins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Serotonin modulates glutamate responses in isolated suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Serotonin; Second Messenger Systems; Serotonin; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Terfenadine prevents NMDA receptor-dependent and -independent toxicity following sodium channel activation.
Topics: Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Pyrilamine; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Saxitoxin; Sodium Channels; Terfenadine; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1999 |
L-glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid efflux from rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes: modulation by kappa- and mu- but not delta- and opioid receptor like-1 receptors.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptin Receptor; Opioid Peptides; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stimulation, Chemical; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Spatiotemporal properties of neural activity propagation from the subicular complex to the posterior cingulate cortex in rat brain slices detected by the optical recording technique.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Coloring Agents; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Gyrus Cinguli; Hippocampus; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Microscopy; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Monocytic cells secrete factors that evoke excitatory synaptic activity in rat hippocampal cultures.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media, Conditioned; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Fetus; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Membrane Potentials; Monocytes; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Nimodipine; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pipecolic Acids; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; U937 Cells; Zymosan | 1999 |
The D1 dopamine receptor agonist SKF-38393 stimulates the release of glutamate in the hippocampus.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Colforsin; Dopamine Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Properties of miniature glutamatergic EPSCs in neurons of the locomotor regions of the developing zebrafish.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Larva; Motor Activity; Motor Neurons; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Strychnine; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Zebrafish | 2000 |
Cholecystokinin (CCK) increases GABA release in the rat anterior nucleus accumbens via CCK(B) receptors located on glutamatergic interneurons.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cholecystokinin; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Interneurons; Male; Microdialysis; N-Methylaspartate; Nucleus Accumbens; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Cholecystokinin B; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Sincalide; Stimulation, Chemical; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Development of glutamatergic synaptic activity in cultured spinal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Fetus; Glutamic Acid; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
NMDA-Receptor-dependent synaptic activation of voltage-dependent calcium channels in basolateral amygdala.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amygdala; Animals; Bicuculline; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cesium; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
NMDA spikes in basal dendrites of cortical pyramidal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Cadmium; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cerebral Cortex; Computer Simulation; Dendrites; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; N-Methylaspartate; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Epileptogenesis up-regulates metabotropic glutamate receptor activation of sodium-calcium exchange current in the amygdala.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amygdala; Animals; Calcium; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Membrane Potentials; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Phenylacetates; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Seizures; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin; Up-Regulation | 2000 |
Differential effect of beta-N-oxalylamino-L-alanine, the Lathyrus sativus neurotoxin, and (+/-)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate on the excitatory amino acid and taurine levels in the brain of freely moving rats.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids, Diamino; Animals; Aspartic Acid; beta-Alanine; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Cortex; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Taurine; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
[Dopamine-dependent inhibition of glycine release in the rat nucleus accumbens during feeding].
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium Channel Blockers; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Feeding Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Nucleus Accumbens; Raclopride; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Efficient generation of midbrain and hindbrain neurons from mouse embryonic stem cells.
Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Differentiation; Cell Division; Cell Line; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cyclic AMP; Dopamine; Embryo, Mammalian; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Fibroblast Growth Factor 8; Fibroblast Growth Factors; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hedgehog Proteins; Immunohistochemistry; Mesencephalon; Mice; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Proteins; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rhombencephalon; Serotonin; Stem Cells; Tetrodotoxin; Trans-Activators | 2000 |
Metabotropic glutamate autoreceptors of the mGlu(5) subtype positively modulate neuronal glutamate release in the rat forebrain in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Autoreceptors; Benzoates; Calcium; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Indans; Male; Neurons; Phenylacetates; Prosencephalon; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Resorcinols; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 2000 |
Activity-dependent neuronal control of gap-junctional communication in astrocytes.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium Signaling; Cell Communication; Cell Count; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cells, Cultured; Connexin 43; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA-A; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Up-Regulation | 2000 |
3-Nitropropionic acid neurotoxicity in organotypic striatal and corticostriatal slice cultures is dependent on glucose and glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glucose; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; In Vitro Techniques; Mitochondria; Nitro Compounds; Propionates; Rats; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Functional role of NMDA autoreceptors in olfactory mitral cells.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Autoreceptors; Bicuculline; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons, Afferent; Nifedipine; Olfactory Bulb; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Picrotoxin; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Physiological activation of presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors increases intracellular calcium and glutamate release.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Axons; Brain Stem; Calcium; Chromones; Cycloleucine; Dendrites; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Fluorometry; Glutamic Acid; Glycine Agents; GTP-Binding Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; Lampreys; Larva; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neuronal Plasticity; Neuroprotective Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Quisqualic Acid; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Strychnine; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Effects of riluzole on electrically evoked neurotransmitter release.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Calcium; Dicarboxylic Acids; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Neostriatum; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Riluzole; Serotonin; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 2000 |
Distribution of spontaneous currents along the somato-dendritic axis of rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cell Size; Dendrites; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Fluorescent Dyes; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Isoquinolines; Male; Neural Inhibition; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Glutamate-mediated neuroprotection against N-methyl-D-aspartate toxicity: a role for metabotropic glutamate receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cell Death; Cycloleucine; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Primary afferent depolarization produced in Adelta and C fibres by glutamate spillover? New ways to look at old things.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mammals; Nerve Fibers; Receptors, GABA; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Enflurane directly depresses glutamate AMPA and NMDA currents in mouse spinal cord motor neurons independent of actions on GABAA or glycine receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Chloride Channels; Depression, Chemical; Drug Interactions; Enflurane; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Neurons; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Light and glutamate-induced degradation of the circadian oscillating protein BMAL1 during the mammalian clock resetting.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies; ARNTL Transcription Factors; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors; Biological Clocks; Circadian Rhythm; Darkness; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Immunoblotting; In Vitro Techniques; Light; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Organ Specificity; Photoperiod; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Tetrodotoxin; Transcription Factors | 2000 |
Control of dendritic outputs of inhibitory interneurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus.
Topics: Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Cats; Cycloleucine; Dendrites; GABA Antagonists; Geniculate Bodies; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Magnesium; Muscarinic Agonists; Neural Inhibition; Nicotinic Agonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Involvement of Na+ and Ca2+ channel activation and resultant nitric oxide synthesis in glutamate-mediated hypoxic injury in rat cerebrocortical slices.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium Channels; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nifedipine; Nitric Oxide; omega-Agatoxin IVA; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Calcium channels coupled to depolarization-evoked glutamate release in the myenteric plexus of guinea-pig ileum.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Antibodies; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Calcium Channels, P-Type; Carrier Proteins; Electric Stimulation; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Indoles; Male; Membrane Potentials; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Neurons; Potassium Chloride; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Symporters; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Altered pattern of light transmittance and resistance to AMPA-induced swelling in the dentate gyrus of the epileptic hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adult; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain Edema; Dentate Gyrus; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Light; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Optics and Photonics; Organ Culture Techniques; Osmotic Pressure; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Dopamine-dependent synaptic plasticity in striatum during in vivo development.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Crosses, Genetic; Dopamine; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxydopamines; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neuronal Plasticity; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Species Specificity; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2001 |
Dynamic control of presynaptic Ca(2+) inflow by fast-inactivating K(+) channels in hippocampal mossy fiber boutons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Elapid Venoms; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channel Gating; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Synaptic Transmission; Tetraethylammonium; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors inhibits GABAergic transmission in the rat subfornical organ.
Topics: Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Subfornical Organ; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Mechanisms of adenosine 5'-triphosphate-induced dopamine release in the rat nucleus accumbens in vivo.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Bicuculline; Dopamine; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Microdialysis; Microinjections; Nucleus Accumbens; Pertussis Toxin; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Purinergic P2; Tetrodotoxin; Thionucleotides; Ventral Tegmental Area; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 2001 |
Characterization of transient focal ischemia-induced increases in extracellular glutamate and aspartate in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Kainic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Reperfusion Injury; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2000 |
Cyclic AMP and mitogen-activated protein kinases are required for glutamate-dependent cyclic AMP response element binding protein and Elk-1 phosphorylation in the dorsal striatum in vivo.
Topics: 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; DNA-Binding Proteins; Drug Synergism; Enzyme Inhibitors; ets-Domain Protein Elk-1; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Neurons; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Phosphorylation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Signal Transduction; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Thionucleotides; Transcription Factors | 2001 |
Ibogaine alters synaptosomal and glial glutamate release and uptake.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Ibogaine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium; Veratridine | 2001 |
Nigral neurotensin receptor regulation of nigral glutamate and nigroventral thalamic GABA transmission: a dual-probe microdialysis study in intact conscious rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Consciousness; Dopamine Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Neurotensin; Peptide Fragments; Pyrazoles; Quinolines; Raclopride; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Neurotensin; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Ventral Thalamic Nuclei | 2001 |
Encoding of different aspects of afferent activities by two types of cells in the corpus glomerulosum of a teleost brain.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain; Cholinergic Agonists; Cholinergic Antagonists; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Fishes; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons, Afferent; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Reaction Time; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Presynaptic mechanisms underlying cannabinoid inhibition of excitatory synaptic transmission in rat striatal neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Analgesics; Animals; Benzoxazines; Cadmium Chloride; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Corpus Striatum; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go; Male; Morpholines; Naphthalenes; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Pertussis Toxin; Piperidines; Presynaptic Terminals; Pyrazoles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Cannabinoid; Receptors, Drug; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B; Rimonabant; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 2001 |
Melanin concentrating hormone depresses synaptic activity of glutamate and GABA neurons from rat lateral hypothalamus.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; Carrier Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Electric Conductivity; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Fetus; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; GTP-Binding Proteins; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Hypothalamic Hormones; In Vitro Techniques; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Melanins; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Orexin Receptors; Orexins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pituitary Hormones; Potassium; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neuropeptide; Sodium; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Electrophysiological characterization of "giant" cells in stratum radiatum of the CA3 hippocampal region.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 3,3'-Diaminobenzidine; Action Potentials; Animals; Axons; Bicuculline; Calcium; Cesium; Chlorides; Choline; Cyclopropanes; Dendrites; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Microscopy, Video; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phosphinic Acids; Propanolamines; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Inhibition of choline acetyltransferase by excitatory amino acids as a possible mechanism for cholinergic dysfunction in the central nervous system.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cycloleucine; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Neurons; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Propionates; Quisqualic Acid; Retina; Signal Transduction; Tetrodotoxin; Trifluoperazine; Verapamil | 2001 |
Regulation of spontaneous inhibitory synaptic transmission by endogenous glutamate via non-NMDA receptors in cultured rat hippocampal neurons.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzothiadiazines; Cells, Cultured; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Glutamatergic afferents from the hippocampus to the nucleus accumbens regulate activity of ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Cell Count; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kynurenic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrodotoxin; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2001 |
Intrinsic optical signals in respiratory brain stem regions of mice: neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, and metabolic stress.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Diazoxide; Energy Metabolism; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glyburide; Hypoglossal Nerve; Hypoglycemic Agents; Hypoxia; Kainic Acid; Macrolides; Mice; Mitochondrial Swelling; N-Methylaspartate; Optics and Photonics; Organ Culture Techniques; Ouabain; Potassium Channels; Respiratory Center; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Absence of junctional glutamate receptor clusters in Drosophila mutants lacking spontaneous transmitter release.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Drosophila; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Proteins; Mutation; Neuromuscular Junction; Presynaptic Terminals; Qa-SNARE Proteins; R-SNARE Proteins; Receptor Aggregation; Receptors, Glutamate; Spider Venoms; Synaptic Membranes; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptic Vesicles; Temperature; Tetrodotoxin; Transgenes | 2001 |
Neuregulins increase alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and enhance excitatory synaptic transmission in GABAergic interneurons of the hippocampus.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Aconitine; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Bungarotoxins; Cell Separation; Cells, Cultured; Cholinergic Agents; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Interneurons; Iodine Radioisotopes; Male; Neuregulin-1; Nicotinic Antagonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Nicotinic; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Post-insult activity is a major cause of delayed neuronal death in organotypic hippocampal slices exposed to glutamate.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Nerve Degeneration; Nerve Net; Neurotoxins; Organ Culture Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2001 |
Contribution of the Na-K-Cl cotransporter on GABA(A) receptor-mediated presynaptic depolarization in excitatory nerve terminals.
Topics: Animals; Bumetanide; Carrier Proteins; Chlorides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Muscimol; Neurons; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus | 2001 |
Receptor-dependent formation of endogenous cannabinoids in cortical neurons.
Topics: Animals; Arachidonic Acids; Calcium; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Cannabinoids; Carbachol; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cholinergic Agonists; Endocannabinoids; Ethanolamines; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Glutamic Acid; Glycerides; Neurons; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tetrodotoxin; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 2001 |
Neuronal glutamate transporters control activation of postsynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors and influence cerebellar long-term depression.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Benzoates; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Long-Term Potentiation; Nerve Fibers; Neural Inhibition; Organ Culture Techniques; Picrotoxin; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
gamma-Hydroxybutyrate modulation of glutamate levels in the hippocampus: an in vivo and in vitro study.
Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzocycloheptenes; Calcium; Consciousness; Extracellular Space; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Microdialysis; Organophosphorus Compounds; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Oxybate; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Two distinct types of repetitive bursting activity mediated by NMDA in hypothalamic neurons in vitro.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hypothalamus; Magnesium Deficiency; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Nickel; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periodicity; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Glutamate blocks serotonergic phase advances of the mammalian circadian pacemaker through AMPA and NMDA receptors.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Animals; Biological Clocks; Circadian Rhythm; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Optic Chiasm; Periodicity; Photoperiod; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2001 |
NR2B-containing NMDA autoreceptors at synapses on entorhinal cortical neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Autoreceptors; Calcium; Entorhinal Cortex; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Piperidines; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinolinic Acids; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
The sulphydryl reagent, N-ethylmaleimide, disrupts sleep and blocks A1 adenosine receptor-mediated inhibition of intracellular calcium signaling in the in vitro ventromedial preoptic nucleus.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Body Temperature; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Calcium Signaling; Circadian Rhythm; Ethylmaleimide; Fura-2; Glutamic Acid; GTP-Binding Proteins; Hypothalamus; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Neurons; Potassium; Preoptic Area; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Purinergic P1; Second Messenger Systems; Sleep; Sulfhydryl Reagents; Tetrodotoxin; Xanthines | 2001 |
The 5-HT(6) receptor antagonist SB-271046 selectively enhances excitatory neurotransmission in the rat frontal cortex and hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acids; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Muscarinic Antagonists; Norepinephrine; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Sulfonamides; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Thiophenes | 2001 |
Repeated cocaine administration attenuates group I metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated glutamate release and behavioral activation: a potential role for Homer.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Calcium Channel Blockers; Carrier Proteins; Cocaine; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Tolerance; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Homer Scaffolding Proteins; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Neuropeptides; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Resorcinols; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Insulin promotes functional induction of silent synapses in differentiating rat neocortical neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Differentiation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Fetus; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Insulin; Neocortex; Neural Pathways; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Reaction Time; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Thalamus | 2001 |
Dopamine and glutamate release in the nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area of rat following lateral hypothalamic self-stimulation.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Electric Stimulation; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Homovanillic Acid; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Male; Microdialysis; Microelectrodes; Nomifensine; Nucleus Accumbens; Raclopride; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Reward; Self Stimulation; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2001 |
Control of serotonergic function in medial prefrontal cortex by serotonin-2A receptors through a glutamate-dependent mechanism.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amphetamines; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Fluorobenzenes; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hallucinogens; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Microdialysis; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Piperidines; Prefrontal Cortex; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A; Receptors, Serotonin; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT1; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Sesterterpenes; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
The role of Kv1.2-containing potassium channels in serotonin-induced glutamate release from thalamocortical terminals in rat frontal cortex.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, P-Type; Catheter Ablation; Elapid Venoms; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Frontal Lobe; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kv1.2 Potassium Channel; Male; Narcotic Antagonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated; Presynaptic Terminals; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Serotonin; Tetrodotoxin; Thalamus | 2001 |
Fluctuating synaptic conductances recreate in vivo-like activity in neocortical neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cats; Cell Compartmentation; Dendrites; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Models, Neurological; Neocortex; Nerve Net; Neural Inhibition; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Stochastic Processes; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Sensitization of glutamate release and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor response by transient dopamine pretreatment in prefrontal cortex of rats.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Calcium Signaling; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Immobilization; Memory; Microdialysis; Microscopy, Video; N-Methylaspartate; Pain; Perfusion; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reserpine; Septum Pellucidum; Stress, Physiological; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
Contribution of presynaptic Na(+) channel inactivation to paired-pulse synaptic depression in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cnidarian Venoms; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ion Channel Gating; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Potassium; Rats; Receptors, Presynaptic; Riluzole; Sodium; Sodium Channels; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
Mediation by nucleus tractus solitarii glutamatergic neurotransmission of the cardiovascular reflex evoked by distal esophageal distension.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Esophagus; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Male; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Reflex; Solitary Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Vagus Nerve; Visceral Afferents | 2002 |
Direct and indirect actions of dopamine on the membrane potential in medium spiny neurons of the mouse neostriatum.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Benzazepines; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Dopamine Antagonists; Electric Stimulation; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neostriatum; Neurons; Presynaptic Terminals; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
GABA interacts with photic signaling in the suprachiasmatic nucleus to regulate circadian phase shifts.
Topics: Animals; Baclofen; Circadian Rhythm; Cricetinae; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; GABA Agonists; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; GABA-B Receptor Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mesocricetus; Muscimol; N-Methylaspartate; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Photic Stimulation; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
Spike-independent release of ATP from Xenopus spinal neurons evoked by activation of glutamate receptors.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Cadmium; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Embryo, Nonmammalian; Glutamic Acid; Motor Activity; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Receptors, Glutamate; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin; Xenopus | 2002 |
Relationship between zinc and neurotransmitters released into the amygdalar extracellular space.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Chelating Agents; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neural Inhibition; Potassium; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Smell; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Zinc; Zinc Radioisotopes | 2002 |
Activity-dependent change in AMPA receptor properties in cerebellar stellate cells.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Cerebellum; Diuretics; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acids; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Permeability; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; Spermine; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
Nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptors modulate glutamate extracellular levels in the substantia nigra pars reticulata. A microdialysis study in the awake freely moving rat.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Dopamine Antagonists; Extracellular Space; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptin; Nociceptin Receptor; Opioid Peptides; Peptide Fragments; Raclopride; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Substantia Nigra; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
Functional significance of nitric oxide in ionomycin-evoked [3H]GABA release from mouse cerebral cortical neurons.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclic GMP; Dibucaine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; GABA Agents; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Guanylate Cyclase; Hemoglobins; Ionomycin; Ionophores; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Magnesium; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Tetrodotoxin; Thiobarbiturates | 2002 |
Deletion of the C-terminal domain of the NR2B subunit alters channel properties and synaptic targeting of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in nascent neocortical synapses.
Topics: Animals; Cell Differentiation; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Fetus; Gene Deletion; Gene Targeting; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mutation; Neocortex; Neurons; Piperidines; Pregnancy; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
Effects of AMPA-receptor and voltage-sensitive sodium channel blockade on high potassium-induced glutamate release and neuronal death in vivo.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Cell Death; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; Male; Necrosis; Neurons; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
Enhanced metabolic activity coincides with survival and differentiation of cultured rat retinal ganglion cells exposed to glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Count; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Differentiation; Cell Survival; Electron Transport Complex IV; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
Neurokinins activate local glutamatergic inputs to serotonergic neurons of the dorsal raphe nucleus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Peptide Fragments; Phenylephrine; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Receptors, Neurokinin-3; Receptors, Serotonin; Substance P; Tachykinins; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
The involvement of sodium and calcium ions in the release of amino acid neurotransmitters from mouse cortical slices elicited by hyperforin.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Aspartic Acid; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neurotransmitter Agents; Phloroglucinol; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Terpenes; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 2002 |
Cystine/glutamate exchange serves as the source for extracellular glutamate: modifications by repeated cocaine administration.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cocaine; Cystine; Diltiazem; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Microdialysis; Nucleus Accumbens; omega-Conotoxins; Rats; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
Neurokinin-receptor-mediated depolarization of cortical neurons elicits an increase in glutamate release at excitatory synapses.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Entorhinal Cortex; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Interneurons; Male; Neurokinin A; Neurokinin B; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Peptide Fragments; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Receptors, Neurokinin-3; Receptors, Tachykinin; Substance P; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
Activation of NMDA receptors linked to modulation of voltage-gated ion channels and functional implications.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Cobalt; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Ictaluridae; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Photic Stimulation; Reaction Time; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina; Sodium Channels; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Vision, Ocular | 2003 |
GABA-mediated inhibition of glutamate release during ischemia in substantia gelatinosa of the adult rat.
Topics: Age Factors; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Bicuculline; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glycine Agents; Ischemia; Male; Neural Inhibition; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Strychnine; Substantia Gelatinosa; Tetrodotoxin | 2003 |
Transient and progressive electrophysiological alterations in the corticostriatal pathway in a mouse model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Riluzole; Tetrodotoxin | 2003 |
Mechanism of the distance-dependent scaling of Schaffer collateral synapses in rat CA1 pyramidal neurons.
Topics: Algorithms; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Computer Simulation; Dendrites; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Indoles; Kinetics; Kynurenic Acid; Neurotransmitter Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2003 |
Effects of ketamine and N-methyl-D-aspartate on glutamate and dopamine release in the rat prefrontal cortex: modulation by a group II selective metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist LY379268.
Topics: Amino Acids; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Dopamine; Drug Administration Routes; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Ketamine; Male; Microdialysis; N-Methylaspartate; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2003 |
Pyridostigmine enhances glutamatergic transmission in hippocampal CA1 neurons.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyridostigmine Bromide; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2003 |
Baseline glutamate levels affect group I and II mGluRs in layer V pyramidal neurons of rat sensorimotor cortex.
Topics: Amino Acids; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Motor Cortex; Neural Inhibition; Organ Culture Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Somatosensory Cortex; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Xanthenes | 2003 |
Investigation on acetylcholine, aspartate, glutamate and GABA extracellular levels from ventral hippocampus during repeated exploratory activity in the rat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Exploratory Behavior; Extracellular Space; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2003 |
Presynaptic facilitation of glutamatergic synapses to dopaminergic neurons of the rat substantia nigra by endogenous stimulation of vanilloid receptors.
Topics: Animals; Arachidonic Acids; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Capsaicin; Diterpenes; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endocannabinoids; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Mesencephalon; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Drug; RNA, Messenger; Substantia Nigra; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2003 |
Glutamate-mediated [Ca2+]c dynamics in spontaneously firing dopamine neurons of the rat substantia nigra pars compacta.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cytosol; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Channel Blockers; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2003 |
Formation of dendritic spines in cultured striatal neurons depends on excitatory afferent activity.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Amino Acids; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Bicuculline; Cell Count; Cell Size; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Coculture Techniques; Corpus Striatum; Diagnostic Imaging; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Embryo, Mammalian; Enkephalin, Methionine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Luminescent Proteins; Mice; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Transfection | 2003 |
Presynaptic noradrenergic regulation of glutamate inputs to hypothalamic magnocellular neurones.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus, Anterior; Male; Neurons; Norepinephrine; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sympathomimetics; Tetrodotoxin | 2003 |
Sodium channel inhibition by anandamide and synthetic cannabimimetics in brain.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Arachidonic Acids; Batrachotoxins; Benzoxazines; Binding Sites; Brain; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Cannabinoids; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Endocannabinoids; Enzyme Inhibitors; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Morpholines; Naphthalenes; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Potassium Chloride; Sodium Channel Agonists; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 2003 |
A toxic fraction from scolopendra venom increases the basal release of neurotransmitters in the ventral ganglia of crustaceans.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Arthropod Venoms; Calcium; Crustacea; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Invertebrate; Glutamic Acid; Neurotransmitter Agents; Tetrodotoxin | 2003 |
Non-synaptic release of [3H]noradrenaline in response to oxidative stress combined with mitochondrial dysfunction in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; Mitochondria; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Norepinephrine; Oligomycins; Oxidative Stress; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rotenone; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Uncoupling Agents | 2003 |
Activity-regulated dynamic behavior of early dendritic protrusions: evidence for different types of dendritic filopodia.
Topics: Animals; Dendrites; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Growth Cones; In Vitro Techniques; Internet; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microscopy, Video; Pseudopodia; Pyramidal Cells; Receptors, Glutamate; Somatosensory Cortex; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Video Recording; Visual Cortex | 2003 |
Differential responsiveness of rat striatal nerve endings to the mitochondrial toxin 3-nitropropionic acid: implications for Huntington's disease.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Convulsants; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Male; Mitochondria; Nitro Compounds; Organ Culture Techniques; Potassium Channels; Propionates; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Riluzole; Sodium Channels; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 2003 |
Regulation of DARPP-32 Thr75 phosphorylation by neurotensin in neostriatal neurons: involvement of glutamate signalling.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Benzazepines; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; Dopamine Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Immunoblotting; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neostriatum; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Neurotensin; Phosphoproteins; Piperidines; Pyrazoles; Quinolines; Raclopride; Receptors, Neurotensin; Signal Transduction; Tetrodotoxin; Threonine; Time Factors | 2003 |
Direct imaging of lateral movements of AMPA receptors inside synapses.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Cells, Cultured; Diffusion; Embryo, Mammalian; Glucose Transporter Type 2; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Rats; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2003 |
Mechanotransduction by intraganglionic laminar endings of vagal tension receptors in the guinea-pig oesophagus.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adenosine Triphosphate; Amiloride; Animals; Cadmium; Calcium; Carrier Proteins; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Esophagus; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gadolinium; Ganglia; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Mechanoreceptors; Mechanotransduction, Cellular; Memantine; Membrane Transport Proteins; Nerve Endings; Purinergic P2 Receptor Agonists; Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Receptors, Purinergic P2; Receptors, Purinergic P2X2; Stress, Mechanical; Synaptophysin; Tetrodotoxin; Vagus Nerve; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2; Vesicular Transport Proteins | 2003 |
Substance P presynaptically depresses the transmission of sensory input to bronchopulmonary neurons in the guinea pig nucleus tractus solitarii.
Topics: Animals; Brain Stem; Bronchi; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Lung; Male; Neurons, Afferent; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Receptors, Presynaptic; Solitary Nucleus; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2003 |
Co-activation of PKA and PKC in cerebrocortical nerve terminals synergistically facilitates glutamate release.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Calcium Channels; Cerebral Cortex; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Drug Synergism; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Activators; Glutamic Acid; Male; Phorbol Esters; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Up-Regulation | 2003 |
Dynamics of Ca(2+) and Na(+) in the dendrites of mouse cerebellar Purkinje cells evoked by parallel fibre stimulation.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Boron Compounds; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dendrites; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Female; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Iontophoresis; Male; Mice; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Purkinje Cells; Ryanodine; Sodium; Stimulation, Chemical; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2003 |
Real time in vivo measures of L-glutamate in the rat central nervous system using ceramic-based multisite microelectrode arrays.
Topics: Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Biosensing Techniques; Central Nervous System; Ceramics; Electrochemistry; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Microelectrodes; Rats; Tetrodotoxin | 2003 |
Serotonergic facilitation of synaptic activity in the developing rat prefrontal cortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amphetamines; Animals; Bicuculline; Fluorobenzenes; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Indoles; Lidocaine; Male; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phenols; Pindolol; Piperidines; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, Serotonin; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT4; Serotonin; Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Antagonists; Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists; Serotonin 5-HT4 Receptor Antagonists; Serotonin Antagonists; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sulfonamides; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2004 |
Organization of the intermediate gray layer of the superior colliculus. I. Intrinsic vertical connections.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Dendrites; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Photic Stimulation; Photolysis; Probability; Rats; Superior Colliculi; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2004 |
A new cytochemical method for ultrastructural localization of Co2+ in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Afferent Pathways; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Cobalt; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Histocytochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2004 |
Rapid rewiring of arcuate nucleus feeding circuits by leptin.
Topics: Animals; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus; Body Weight; Eating; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Feeding Behavior; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ghrelin; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; Leptin; Luminescent Proteins; Mice; Mice, Obese; Mice, Transgenic; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Peptide Hormones; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Transgenes | 2004 |
Characterization of hydroxyl radical generation in the striatum of free-moving rats due to carbon monoxide poisoning, as determined by in vivo microdialysis.
Topics: Animals; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxybenzoates; Hydroxyl Radical; Male; Microdialysis; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrodotoxin; Wakefulness | 2004 |
AM404 enhances the spontaneous release of L-glutamate in a manner sensitive to capsazepine in adult rat substantia gelatinosa neurones.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Arachidonic Acids; Biological Transport; Capsaicin; Drug Interactions; Endocannabinoids; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Rats; Receptors, Drug; Substantia Gelatinosa; Tetrodotoxin | 2004 |
Ischemia and reoxygenation induced amino acid release release and tissue damage in the slices of rat corpus striatum.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Calcium; Citrulline; Corpus Striatum; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Ions; Ischemia; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Taurine; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2004 |
Cholinergic and glutamatergic spontaneous and evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents in optic lobe neurons of cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Cholinergic Fibers; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mollusca; Neurotransmitter Agents; Optic Lobe, Nonmammalian; Organ Culture Techniques; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 2004 |
Differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into a defined neuronal lineage.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Blotting, Western; Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; Carrier Proteins; Cell Count; Cell Differentiation; Cell Lineage; Cells, Cultured; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Eye Proteins; Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 7; Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; GABA Antagonists; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Homeodomain Proteins; Immunohistochemistry; Indoles; Intermediate Filament Proteins; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nestin; Neuroglia; Neurogranin; Neurons; Paired Box Transcription Factors; Patch-Clamp Techniques; PAX6 Transcription Factor; Quinoxalines; Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor; Receptor, trkA; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; Repressor Proteins; Stem Cells; Synaptophysin; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Tretinoin; Tubulin; Valine | 2004 |
Dual effects of gabapentin and pregabalin on glutamate release at rat entorhinal synapses in vitro.
Topics: Amines; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Bicuculline; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Entorhinal Cortex; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Isoleucine; Male; Neurons; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pregabalin; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spider Venoms; Statistics, Nonparametric; Tetrodotoxin | 2004 |
Angiotensin II excites paraventricular nucleus neurons that innervate the rostral ventrolateral medulla: an in vitro patch-clamp study in brain slices.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Angiotensin II; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cadmium; Diagnostic Imaging; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electric Impedance; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Lysine; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Membrane Potentials; Neural Conduction; Neurons; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Vasoconstrictor Agents | 2005 |
Functional properties of motoneurons derived from mouse embryonic stem cells.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cell Lineage; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; Embryo, Mammalian; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Reporter; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Homeodomain Proteins; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Neurons; Neuromuscular Junction; Organ Specificity; Organoids; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phrenic Nerve; Pluripotent Stem Cells; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Rats; Tetrodotoxin; Transcription Factors; Tretinoin | 2004 |
Glucagon-like peptide 1 excites hypocretin/orexin neurons by direct and indirect mechanisms: implications for viscera-mediated arousal.
Topics: Action Potentials; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Arousal; Choline; Digestive System; Eating; Exenatide; Genes, Reporter; Glucagon; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamic Hormones; Hypothalamus; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Melanins; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Orexin Receptors; Orexins; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Peptide Fragments; Peptides; Pituitary Hormones; Protein Precursors; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Receptors, Glucagon; Receptors, Neuropeptide; Sodium Channel Blockers; Solitary Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Venoms; Viscera | 2004 |
The 5-HT receptor antagonist M100,907 prevents extracellular glutamate rising in response to NMDA receptor blockade in the mPFC.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Fluorobenzenes; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Nicotine; Piperazines; Piperidines; Potassium Chloride; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serotonin; Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists; Serotonin Antagonists; Tetrodotoxin | 2004 |
Voltammetric study of the control of striatal dopamine release by glutamate.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Electrochemistry; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Microelectrodes; Nomifensine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrodotoxin | 2004 |
Effects of nociceptin/orphanin FQ and endomorphin-1 on glutamate and GABA release, intracellular [Ca2+] and cell excitability in primary cultures of rat cortical neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurons; Nociceptin; Oligopeptides; Opioid Peptides; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Tetrodotoxin; Vasodilator Agents | 2004 |
Glutamate efflux from human cerebrocortical slices during ischemia: vesicular-like mode of glutamate release and sensitivity to A(2A) adenosine receptor blockade.
Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Anesthetics, Local; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Middle Aged; Neuroprotective Agents; Pyrimidines; Reperfusion Injury; Synaptic Vesicles; Tetrodotoxin; Triazoles | 2004 |
Altered vulnerability to kainate excitotoxicity of transgenic-Cu/Zn SOD1 neurones.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Asparagine; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cell Count; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cobalt; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Neurons; Neurotoxins; Nifedipine; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Sodium Channel Blockers; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2004 |
Characteristics of basal taurine release in the rat striatum measured by microdialysis.
Topics: 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid; Animals; Biological Transport; Calcium; Cell Size; Corpus Striatum; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Taurine; Tetrodotoxin | 2004 |
Tetrodotoxin-dependent glutamate release in the rat nucleus accumbens during concurrent presentation of appetitive and conditioned aversive stimuli.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System y+; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Conditioning, Psychological; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Microdialysis; Motivation; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Up-Regulation | 2004 |
The Rac1-GEF Tiam1 couples the NMDA receptor to the activity-dependent development of dendritic arbors and spines.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blotting, Western; Brain; Calcium; Cell Line; Cell Size; Cloning, Molecular; Dendritic Spines; DNA-Binding Proteins; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Ephrin-B1; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Immunoprecipitation; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Models, Neurological; Neoplasm Proteins; Neurons; p21-Activated Kinases; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Proteins; rac1 GTP-Binding Protein; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Antisense; RNA, Small Interfering; Synaptosomes; T-Lymphoma Invasion and Metastasis-inducing Protein 1; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Transcription Factors; Transfection; Valine | 2005 |
Properties of synaptically evoked astrocyte calcium signal reveal synaptic information processing by astrocytes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetylcholine; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Atropine; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cell Communication; Diagnostic Imaging; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Xanthenes | 2005 |
Involvement of cannabinoid receptors in the regulation of neurotransmitter release in the rodent striatum: a combined immunochemical and pharmacological analysis.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Benzoxazines; Blotting, Western; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morpholines; Naphthalenes; Neurotransmitter Agents; Piperidines; Potassium; Pyrazoles; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Rimonabant; Synapses; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2005 |
Striatal glutamate release evoked in vivo by NMDA is dependent upon ongoing neuronal activity in the substantia nigra, endogenous striatal substance P and dopamine.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Benzazepines; Bicuculline; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Magnesium; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Oxidopamine; Piperidines; Potassium Chloride; Quinuclidines; Raclopride; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance P; Substantia Nigra; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2005 |
Visualization of synaptic Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activity in living neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Adenosine Triphosphate; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Benzylamines; Blotting, Western; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Calmodulin; Cell Line; Diagnostic Imaging; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Humans; Insecta; Luminescent Proteins; Microscopy, Confocal; Molecular Biology; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Phosphorylation; Protein Binding; Quinoxalines; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sulfonamides; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Transfection | 2005 |
A strict correlation between dendritic and somatic plateau depolarizations in the rat prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Dendrites; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Electric Stimulation; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Iontophoresis; Membrane Potentials; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Statistics as Topic; Styrenes; Tetrodotoxin | 2005 |
Glutamate induces the rapid formation of spine head protrusions in hippocampal slice cultures.
Topics: Animals; Dendrites; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Kinetics; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Organ Culture Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Tetrodotoxin | 2005 |
Adenosine mediation of presynaptic feedback inhibition of glutamate release.
Topics: Adenosine; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Brain Stem; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Feedback, Physiological; Glutamic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 2005 |
Mesocortical dopamine neurons operate in distinct temporal domains using multimodal signaling.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Benzazepines; Bicuculline; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Electric Stimulation; Electrochemistry; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Medial Forebrain Bundle; Neurons; Oxidopamine; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Sulpiride; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2005 |
Physiological role for casein kinase 1 in glutamatergic synaptic transmission.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Bicuculline; Casein Kinase 1 epsilon; Casein Kinase I; Casein Kinase Ialpha; Casein Kinase Idelta; Corpus Striatum; Egtazic Acid; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; N-Methylaspartate; Neocortex; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Okadaic Acid; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; Protein Phosphatase 1; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2005 |
Cholecystokinin octapeptide increases spontaneous glutamatergic synaptic transmission to neurons of the nucleus tractus solitarius centralis.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Biotin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hormone Antagonists; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Peptides; Proglumide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sincalide; Solitary Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2005 |
Phospholipase A2 activation by melittin enhances spontaneous glutamatergic excitatory transmission in rat substantia gelatinosa neurons.
Topics: Acetophenones; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Calcium; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Melitten; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phospholipases A; Phospholipases A2; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substantia Gelatinosa; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2005 |
Developmental downregulation of P2X3 receptors in motoneurons of the compact formation of the nucleus ambiguus.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Count; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phenols; Polycyclic Compounds; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Purinergic P2; Receptors, Purinergic P2X3; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2005 |
Electrophysiological properties of human hypothalamic hamartomas.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adolescent; Adult; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Anesthetics, Local; Bicuculline; Cadmium Chloride; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Interactions; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Hamartoma; Humans; Hypothalamus; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Infant; Isoenzymes; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periodicity; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Potassium Channel Blockers; Tetraethylammonium; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2005 |
Astrocytic glutamate release-induced transient depolarization and epileptiform discharges in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Calcium; Diagnostic Imaging; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Membrane Potentials; Microscopy, Confocal; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetanus Toxin; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2005 |
Volatile anesthetic effects on glutamate versus GABA release from isolated rat cortical nerve terminals: 4-aminopyridine-evoked release.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enflurane; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Halothane; In Vitro Techniques; Isoflurane; Male; Nerve Endings; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrodotoxin | 2006 |
Indirect modulation by alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of noradrenaline release in rat hippocampal slices: interaction with glutamate and GABA systems and effect of nicotine withdrawal.
Topics: alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Animals; Bacterial Toxins; Biological Transport; Conotoxins; Cyanobacteria Toxins; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Marine Toxins; Microcystins; Neurons; Nicotine; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Nicotinic; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tetrodotoxin; Tropanes | 2006 |
Maintenance of presynaptic function by AMPA receptor-mediated excitatory postsynaptic activity in adult brain.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Calcium; Cerebellum; Dendrites; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microscopy, Electron; Motor Activity; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Polyvinyls; Presynaptic Terminals; Purkinje Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Sodium; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2005 |
NMDA receptors in layer 4 spiny stellate cells of the mouse barrel cortex contain the NR2C subunit.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Bicuculline; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Genes, Reporter; Glutamic Acid; Lac Operon; Lidocaine; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Protein Subunits; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Channel Blockers; Somatosensory Cortex; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2006 |
Isoflurane depresses hippocampal CA1 glutamate nerve terminals without inhibiting fiber volleys.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Calcium; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Isoflurane; Male; Nerve Endings; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2006 |
Vesicular and non-vesicular glutamate release in the nucleus accumbens in conditions of a forced change of behavioral strategy.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Conditioning, Psychological; Extracellular Space; Feeding Behavior; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Microdialysis; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2005 |
Dendrites contain a spacing pattern.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dendrites; Diffusion; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Microtubules; Morphogenesis; Neocortex; Neurons; Nocodazole; Paclitaxel; Potassium Chloride; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Sodium Channel Blockers; Staining and Labeling; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2006 |
Glutamate uptake block triggers deadly rhythmic bursting of neonatal rat hypoglossal motoneurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Calcium; Carbenoxolone; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; Hypoglossal Nerve; Motor Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2006 |
State-dependent dendritic computation in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Dendrites; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2006 |
The cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist SR 141716A induces penile erection by increasing extra-cellular glutamic acid in the paraventricular nucleus of male rats.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Baclofen; Behavior, Animal; Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonists; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; GABA Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Microinjections; Models, Biological; Muscimol; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Penile Erection; Piperidines; Pyrazoles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rimonabant; Tetrodotoxin | 2006 |
An in vitro study of horizontal connections in the intermediate layer of the superior colliculus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Nerve Net; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyridazines; Rats; Sodium Channel Blockers; Superior Colliculi; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2006 |
Permethrin, but not deltamethrin, increases spontaneous glutamate release from hippocampal neurons in culture.
Topics: Action Potentials; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Insecticides; Neurons; Nitriles; omega-Conotoxins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Permethrin; Pyrethrins; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Tetrodotoxin | 2006 |
Neurotensin selectively facilitates glutamatergic transmission in globus pallidus.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Estrenes; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Globus Pallidus; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Neurotensin; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyrazoles; Pyrrolidinones; Quinolines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2006 |
Miniature synaptic currents become neurotoxic to chronically silenced neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Apoptosis; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Dendritic Spines; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2007 |
The magnitude of alpha7 nicotinic receptor currents in rat hippocampal neurons is dependent upon GABAergic activity and depolarization.
Topics: alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cells, Cultured; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ion Channel Gating; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Nicotinic; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2006 |
Terminal nerve-derived neuropeptide y modulates physiological responses in the olfactory epithelium of hungry axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum).
Topics: Ambystoma; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Base Sequence; Electrophysiology; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hunger; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Nervous System; Neuropeptide Y; Olfactory Mucosa; Olfactory Receptor Neurons; Tetrodotoxin | 2006 |
Mapping of the functional interconnections between thalamic reticular neurons using photostimulation.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Brain Mapping; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Lasers; Neural Pathways; Photic Stimulation; Pyridazines; Rats; Reticular Formation; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Thalamic Nuclei | 2006 |
Contributions of astrocytes and CO to pial arteriolar dilation to glutamate in newborn pigs.
Topics: 2-Aminoadipic Acid; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Arterioles; Astrocytes; Carbon Monoxide; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelium, Vascular; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Pia Mater; Receptors, Glutamate; Swine; Tetrodotoxin; Vasodilation | 2006 |
Deficits of glutamate transmission in the striatum of experimental hemiballism.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Antagonists; Dyskinesias; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sulpiride; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Triazines; Triazoles | 2006 |
Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB is associated with neuroprotective effects of glycyrrhizic acid on glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in primary neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Apoptosis; Blotting, Western; Calcium; Caspase 3; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; DNA Fragmentation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycyrrhizic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; NF-kappa B; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; Protein Binding; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 2006 |
Species-specific chemosignals evoke delayed excitation of the vomeronasal amygdala in freely-moving female rats.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Behavior, Animal; Chemoreceptor Cells; Estrous Cycle; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globulins; Glutamic Acid; Hormones; Luteinizing Hormone; Microdialysis; Neurotransmitter Agents; Progesterone; Proteinuria; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Signal Transduction; Smell; Sodium Channel Blockers; Stimulation, Chemical; Taurine; Tetrodotoxin; Urine; Vomeronasal Organ | 2006 |
Effects of Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom and its toxin TsTX-V on neurotransmitter uptake in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Calcium; Chlorocebus aethiops; COS Cells; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channel Gating; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurotoxins; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Scorpion Venoms; Sodium; Sodium Channels; Strontium; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Transfection | 2006 |
Taurine, taurine analogues, and taurine functions: overview.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kainic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Taurine; Tetrodotoxin | 2006 |
Excitable properties of adult skeletal muscle fibres from the honeybee Apis mellifera.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Bees; Cadmium; Calcium; Electric Conductivity; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Ion Transport; Lanthanum; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; Muscle, Skeletal; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2007 |
CB1 receptors diminish both Ca(2+) influx and glutamate release through two different mechanisms active in distinct populations of cerebrocortical nerve terminals.
Topics: Animals; Benzoxazines; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Male; Morpholines; Naphthalenes; Potassium Chloride; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Synaptosomes; Tetraethylammonium; Tetrodotoxin | 2007 |
The nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor antagonist J-113397 and L-DOPA additively attenuate experimental parkinsonism through overinhibition of the nigrothalamic pathway.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Benzimidazoles; Bicuculline; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Injections; Levodopa; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Neural Pathways; Nociceptin Receptor; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Perfusion; Piperidines; Postural Balance; Psychomotor Performance; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Sodium Channel Blockers; Stereotaxic Techniques; Substantia Nigra; Tetrodotoxin; Thalamus | 2007 |
Vesicular glutamate release from axons in white matter.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antigens; Axons; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Corpus Callosum; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Neuroglia; Nicotinic Antagonists; O Antigens; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Polyamines; Proteoglycans; Pyridinium Compounds; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Tetrodotoxin | 2007 |
Rat epileptic seizures evoked by BmK alphaIV and its possible mechanisms involved in sodium channels.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology; Epilepsy; Fluorometry; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Scorpion Venoms; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2007 |
Intrinsic properties and mechanisms of spontaneous firing in mouse cerebellar unipolar brush cells.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cerebellum; Electric Capacitance; Electric Impedance; Electric Stimulation; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Neural Conduction; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Ruthenium Red; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin; Transient Receptor Potential Channels | 2007 |
Heterogeneous population of dopaminergic neurons derived from mouse embryonic stem cells: preliminary phenotyping based on receptor expression and function.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Cholinergic Agents; Cocaine; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Embryonic Stem Cells; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Haloperidol; Mice; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons; Norepinephrine; Phenotype; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2007 |
Glutamatergic input is coded by spike frequency at the soma and proximal dendrite of AII amacrine cells in the mouse retina.
Topics: Action Potentials; Amacrine Cells; Animals; Dendrites; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Electric Stimulation; Female; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Models, Biological; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Propionates; Retina; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2007 |
Glycine stimulates the release of labeled acetylcholine but not dopamine nor glutamate from superfused rat striatal tissue.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glycine Agents; Haloperidol; In Vitro Techniques; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Tritium | 2007 |
The impact of chronic network hyperexcitability on developing glutamatergic synapses.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Bicuculline; Blotting, Western; Child; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Nerve Net; Organ Culture Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Membranes; Tetrodotoxin | 2007 |
Reduced inhibition of cortical glutamate and GABA release by halothane in mice lacking the K+ channel, TREK-1.
Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Blotting, Western; Brain Chemistry; Cerebral Cortex; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Halothane; Immunohistochemistry; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Endings; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain; Pulmonary Alveoli; Receptors, Presynaptic; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 2007 |
Purinergic modulation of glutamate release under ischemic-like conditions in the hippocampus.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Ischemia; Male; Phenethylamines; Purinergic Agonists; Purinergic Antagonists; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Purinergic; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Triazines; Triazoles; Xanthines | 2007 |
Effects of carbamazepine, phenytoin, valproic acid, oxcarbazepine, lamotrigine, topiramate and vinpocetine on the presynaptic Ca2+ channel-mediated release of [3H]glutamate: comparison with the Na+ channel-mediated release.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; omega-Agatoxin IVA; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 2007 |
The metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 (mGluR7) allosteric agonist AMN082 modulates nucleus accumbens GABA and glutamate, but not dopamine, in rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Baclofen; Benzhydryl Compounds; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Nucleus Accumbens; Phosphoserine; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Tetrodotoxin | 2008 |
20(S)-protopanaxadiol and the ginsenoside Rh2 inhibit Na+ channel-activated depolarization and Na+ channel-dependent amino acid neurotransmitter release in synaptic fractions isolated from mammalian brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ginsenosides; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Sapogenins; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Triterpenes; Veratridine | 2008 |
In vitro activation of the medial septum-diagonal band complex generates atropine-sensitive and atropine-resistant hippocampal theta rhythm: an investigation using a complete septohippocampal preparation.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bicuculline; Carbachol; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Muscarinic Antagonists; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Muscarinic; Septum Pellucidum; Tetrodotoxin; Theta Rhythm | 2008 |
Glutamatergic contributions to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist-evoked cholinergic transients in the prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Choline; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrochemistry; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mecamylamine; Neostigmine; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyridines; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2008 |
Donepezil attenuates excitotoxic damage induced by membrane depolarization of cortical neurons exposed to veratridine.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Caspase Inhibitors; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Donepezil; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Indans; Membrane Potentials; Neuroprotective Agents; Piperidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 2008 |
Satellite NG2 progenitor cells share common glutamatergic inputs with associated interneurons in the mouse dentate gyrus.
Topics: 2',3'-Cyclic Nucleotide 3'-Phosphodiesterase; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antigens; Benzothiadiazines; Cyclopropanes; Dentate Gyrus; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Green Fluorescent Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; Picrotoxin; Proteoglycans; Satellite Cells, Perineuronal; Sodium Channel Blockers; Stem Cells; Tetrodotoxin | 2008 |
Activity-dependent volume transmission by transgene NPY attenuates glutamate release and LTP in the subiculum.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Arginine; Benzazepines; Biophysical Phenomena; Chi-Square Distribution; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; GABA Antagonists; Genetic Vectors; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Picrotoxin; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Neuropeptide Y; Tetrodotoxin; Transgenes | 2008 |
Fast homeostatic plasticity of inhibition via activity-dependent vesicular filling.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Interneurons; Mice; Nerve Fibers; Nerve Net; Neural Inhibition; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2008 |
Neurotensin modulation of acetylcholine, GABA, and aspartate release from rat prefrontal cortex studied in vivo with microdialysis.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Neurotensin; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyrazoles; Quinolines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Neurotensin; Sodium Channel Blockers; Taurine; Tetrodotoxin | 2008 |
Detection of zinc translocation into apical dendrite of CA1 pyramidal neuron after electrical stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Carrier Proteins; Cation Transport Proteins; Chelating Agents; Dendrites; Electric Stimulation; Ethylenediamines; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Proteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Zinc | 2009 |
Transmitter-receptor mismatch in GABAergic synapses in the absence of activity.
Topics: Animals; Dendrites; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Protein Subunits; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Glutamate; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2008 |
Abnormal network activity in a targeted genetic model of human double cortex.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Doublecortin Domain Proteins; Doublecortin Protein; Electroporation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Malformations of Cortical Development; Membrane Potentials; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Mutation; Nerve Net; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Small Interfering; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2009 |
Presynaptic muscarinic receptors enhance glutamate release at the mitral/tufted to granule cell dendrodendritic synapse in the rat main olfactory bulb.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biophysics; Carbachol; Cholinergic Agonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Membrane Potentials; Models, Biological; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons; Olfactory Bulb; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Picrotoxin; Pirenzepine; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2009 |
Depolarization-induced release of endocannabinoids by murine dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve neurons differentially regulates inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmission.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Arachidonic Acids; Benzoxazines; Brain Stem; Calcium Signaling; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Capsaicin; Efferent Pathways; Endocannabinoids; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morpholines; Naphthalenes; Neurons; Piperidines; Pyrazoles; Pyridazines; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Receptors, Presynaptic; Rimonabant; Tetrodotoxin; Vagus Nerve | 2009 |
Vesicular glutamate filling and AMPA receptor occupancy at the calyx of Held synapse of immature rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Benzothiadiazines; Brain Stem; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Vesicles; Temperature; Tetrodotoxin | 2009 |
A role for synaptic zinc in activity-dependent Abeta oligomer formation and accumulation at excitatory synapses.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Brain; Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; Carrier Proteins; Cation Transport Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Proteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses; Synaptophysin; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Zinc | 2009 |
Activity-dependent neuronal control of gap-junctional communication in fibroblasts.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Coculture Techniques; Connexin 43; Fibroblasts; Ganglia, Spinal; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Space; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin | 2009 |
Transient receptor potential A1 increase glutamate release on brain stem neurons.
Topics: Animals; Ankyrins; Cadmium; Calcium Channel Agonists; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Capsaicin; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Isothiocyanates; Male; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Ruthenium Red; Solitary Nucleus; Tetrodotoxin; TRPA1 Cation Channel; TRPC Cation Channels | 2009 |
Metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 4 selectively modulates both glutamate and GABA transmission in the striatum: implications for Parkinson's disease treatment.
Topics: Aminobutyrates; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Movement; Neostriatum; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Sympatholytics; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2009 |
Regulation of glutamate transport in developing rat oligodendrocytes.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Benzodiazepines; Bicuculline; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Female; Fibroblast Growth Factors; GABA Antagonists; Gangliosides; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; O Antigens; Oligodendroglia; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 2009 |
Neocortical disynaptic inhibition requires somatodendritic integration in interneurons.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biophysics; Channelrhodopsins; Dendrites; Electric Stimulation; Electroporation; Embryo, Mammalian; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Interneurons; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Mice, Transgenic; Neocortex; Neural Inhibition; Parvalbumins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Photic Stimulation; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2009 |
Mitochondria are the source of hydrogen peroxide for dynamic brain-cell signaling.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Dopamine; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Electrochemistry; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glyburide; Guinea Pigs; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hypoglycemic Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Mitochondria; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Rotenone; Signal Transduction; Sodium Channel Blockers; Succinic Acid; Tetrodotoxin | 2009 |
Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors induces periodic burst firing and concomitant cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations in cerebellar interneurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Cerebellum; Cytoplasm; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; Interneurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periodicity; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2009 |
Proteinase-activated receptors in the nucleus of the solitary tract: evidence for glial-neural interactions in autonomic control of the stomach.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Receptor, PAR-1; Rhombencephalon; Sodium Channel Blockers; Solitary Nucleus; Stomach; Tetrodotoxin; Thrombin; Time Factors | 2009 |
Activity-dependent modulation of glutamatergic signaling in the developing rat dorsal horn by early tissue injury.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bupivacaine; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle, Skeletal; Nerve Block; Neurons; Posterior Horn Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sciatic Nerve; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2009 |
Mechanism of S100b release from rat cortical slices determined under basal and stimulated conditions.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cerebral Cortex; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; In Vitro Techniques; Ketoglutaric Acids; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Nerve Growth Factors; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Wistar; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; S100 Proteins; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2010 |
Gamma-vinyl GABA increases nonvesicular release of GABA and glutamate in the nucleus accumbens in rats via action on anion channels and GABA transporters.
Topics: Animals; Drug Interactions; GABA Uptake Inhibitors; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Male; Microdialysis; Microinjections; Nipecotic Acids; Nitrobenzoates; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptic Vesicles; Tetrodotoxin; Vigabatrin | 2010 |
Histamine influences body temperature by acting at H1 and H3 receptors on distinct populations of preoptic neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Body Temperature; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Histamine; Histamine Agonists; Histamine Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Activity; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Preoptic Area; Receptors, Histamine H1; Receptors, Histamine H3; Signal Transduction; Sodium Channel Blockers; Telemetry; Tetrodotoxin; Type C Phospholipases | 2010 |
Regional differences in nerve terminal Na+ channel subtype expression and Na+ channel-dependent glutamate and GABA release in rat CNS.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Central Nervous System; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Furans; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Male; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Subunits; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 2010 |
Glutamatergic signaling by mesolimbic dopamine neurons in the nucleus accumbens.
Topics: Animals; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Electric Stimulation; Electrochemistry; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Gene Transfer Techniques; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Luminescent Proteins; Male; Mice; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Photic Stimulation; Signal Transduction; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2010 |
Interhemispheric regulation of the medial prefrontal cortical glutamate stress response in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Amino Acids; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Baclofen; Benzazepines; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Functional Laterality; GABA Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neural Pathways; Oxathiins; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Stress, Psychological; Tail; Tetrodotoxin | 2010 |
Antidepressants act on glial cells: SSRIs and serotonin elicit astrocyte calcium signaling in the mouse prefrontal cortex.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Calcium Signaling; Citalopram; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluoxetine; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Prefrontal Cortex; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Serotonin; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Xanthenes | 2011 |
Metaplasticity at single glutamatergic synapses.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Biophysics; Dendritic Spines; Electric Stimulation; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Models, Biological; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetanus Toxin; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Transfection; Valine | 2010 |
P2X7 receptors enhance glutamate release in hippocampal hilar neurons.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Purinergic P2X Receptor Agonists; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Purinergic P2X7; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2010 |
Deep brain stimulation results in local glutamate and adenosine release: investigation into the role of astrocytes.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Chemistry; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Deep Brain Stimulation; Electric Stimulation; Electrochemistry; Electrophysiological Phenomena; Ferrets; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nerve Net; Neurotransmitter Agents; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Thalamus | 2010 |
Abnormal activity of the Na/Ca exchanger enhances glutamate transmission in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Electrophysiological Phenomena; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Myelin Proteins; Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein; Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Psychomotor Performance; Receptors, Presynaptic; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2010 |
Pregnenolone sulfate enhances spontaneous glutamate release by inducing presynaptic Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biophysics; Cadmium Chloride; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chelating Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperazines; Pregnenolone; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2010 |
Thermally active TRPV1 tonically drives central spontaneous glutamate release.
Topics: Action Potentials; Anilides; Animals; Cadmium Compounds; Calcium; Capsaicin; Cinnamates; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons, Afferent; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Thermosensing; TRPV Cation Channels | 2010 |
Opposing actions of endothelin-1 on glutamatergic transmission onto vasopressin and oxytocin neurons in the supraoptic nucleus.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelin-1; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Neurons; Oxytocin; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Endothelin A; Receptor, Endothelin B; Supraoptic Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Vasopressins | 2010 |
Network oscillations in rod-degenerated mouse retinas.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Age Factors; Animals; Carbenoxolone; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Disease Models, Animal; Evoked Potentials, Visual; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Light; Male; Meclofenamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Nerve Net; Neural Inhibition; Periodicity; Pyridazines; Quinoxalines; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells; Sodium Channel Blockers; Statistics as Topic; Tetrodotoxin | 2011 |
Large-scale calcium waves traveling through astrocytic networks in vivo.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Dextrans; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hippocampus; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Nerve Net; Neurons; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Xanthenes | 2011 |
Properties of dopaminergic neurons in organotypic mesencephalic-striatal co-cultures--evidence for a facilitatory effect of dopamine on the glutamatergic input mediated by α-1 adrenergic receptors.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Coculture Techniques; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Mesencephalon; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1; Receptors, GABA-A; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2011 |
Use-dependent AMPA receptor block reveals segregation of spontaneous and evoked glutamatergic neurotransmission.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Lidocaine; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Polyamines; Receptors, AMPA; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2011 |
Mechanisms of facilitation of synaptic glutamate release by nicotinic agonists in the nucleus of the solitary tract.
Topics: alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Animals; Caffeine; Calcium Signaling; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Mecamylamine; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Nicotinic; Sodium Channel Blockers; Solitary Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission; Temperature; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2011 |
Pacemaker neurons within newborn spinal pain circuits.
Topics: Action Potentials; Age Factors; Amino Acids; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chelating Agents; Chi-Square Distribution; Egtazic Acid; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Flufenamic Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; Lysine; Male; Nerve Net; Neural Pathways; Neurons; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periaqueductal Gray; Periodicity; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Spinal Cord; Statistics, Nonparametric; Tetraethylammonium; Tetrodotoxin; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2011 |
Vinpocetine inhibits glutamate release induced by the convulsive agent 4-aminopyridine more potently than several antiepileptic drugs.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium; Carbamazepine; Drug Interactions; Epilepsy; Fructose; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Lamotrigine; Male; Nerve Endings; Oxcarbazepine; Phenytoin; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Topiramate; Triazines; Tritium; Vinca Alkaloids | 2011 |
GABA(B) restrains release from singly-evoked GABA terminals.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Benzylamines; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Neurons; Phosphinic Acids; Pyridazines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Sodium Channel Blockers; Solitary Nucleus; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2011 |
Clozapine, but not haloperidol, enhances glial D-serine and L-glutamate release in rat frontal cortex and primary cultured astrocytes.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Astrocytes; Cells, Cultured; Citrates; Clozapine; Glutamic Acid; Haloperidol; Male; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Serine; Tetanus Toxin; Tetrodotoxin | 2012 |
Bidirectional plasticity of calcium-permeable AMPA receptors in oligodendrocyte lineage cells.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antigens; Biophysical Phenomena; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Carrier Proteins; Cell Cycle Proteins; Cell Differentiation; Cell Lineage; Cerebellum; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Female; Galactosylceramidase; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glutamic Acid; Glycine Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channel Gating; Luminescent Proteins; Male; Membrane Potentials; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Neuronal Plasticity; Nuclear Proteins; Oligodendroglia; Optic Nerve; Proteoglycans; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Signal Transduction; Stem Cells; Strychnine; Tetrodotoxin | 2011 |
Three-dimensional imaging and photostimulation by remote-focusing and holographic light patterning.
Topics: Algorithms; Animals; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Calcium; Dendrites; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Holography; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Ion Channel Gating; Light; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin | 2011 |
Sertraline inhibits pre-synaptic Na⁺ channel-mediated responses in hippocampus-isolated nerve endings.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nerve Endings; Neurotransmitter Agents; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Sertraline; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 2012 |
Human cerebral cortex development from pluripotent stem cells to functional excitatory synapses.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; Embryonic Stem Cells; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fetus; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Ki-67 Antigen; Membrane Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurogenesis; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperidines; Pluripotent Stem Cells; Potassium Channel Blockers; Retinoids; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synapses; Synaptic Potentials; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Transcription Factors | 2012 |
Dysfunctional astrocytic regulation of glutamate transmission in a rat model of depression.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Recognition, Psychology; Serine; Sodium Channel Blockers; Statistics, Nonparametric; Swimming; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2013 |
Astrocyte signaling controls spike timing-dependent depression at neocortical synapses.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Benzoxazines; Biophysics; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; Morpholines; Naphthalenes; Neocortex; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperidines; Probability; Pyrazoles; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Signal Transduction; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Thalamus; Time Factors | 2012 |
Differential changes of extracellular aspartate and glutamate in the striatum of domestic chicken evoked by high potassium or distress: an in vivo microdialysis study.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Chickens; Corpus Striatum; Glutamic Acid; Microdialysis; Potassium Chloride; Stress, Psychological; Tetrodotoxin | 2012 |
Presynaptic inhibition of glutamate transmission by α2 receptors in the VTA.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brimonidine Tartrate; Clonidine; Dopaminergic Neurons; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acids; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Neural Inhibition; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2012 |
Miniature release events of glutamate from hippocampal neurons are influenced by the dystonia-associated protein torsinA.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dystonia Musculorum Deformans; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Heterozygote; Hippocampus; Homozygote; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Miniature Postsynaptic Potentials; Molecular Chaperones; Mutation; Neurons; Receptors, GABA-A; Sodium Channels; Synaptic Vesicles; Tetrodotoxin; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2012 |
Glutamatergic synapse formation is promoted by α7-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
Topics: Age Factors; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cells, Cultured; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; Electric Stimulation; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; GABA Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Guanylate Kinases; Hippocampus; Male; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Neurites; Neurons; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyridazines; Pyridinium Compounds; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Nicotinic; RNA, Small Interfering; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Transduction, Genetic; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; Visual Cortex | 2012 |
Presynaptic facilitation of glutamate release in the basolateral amygdala: a mechanism for the anxiogenic and seizurogenic function of GluK1 receptors.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Alanine; Amygdala; Animals; Bicuculline; Biophysical Phenomena; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Exploratory Behavior; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Sensory Gating; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Thymine | 2012 |
MDMA produces a delayed and sustained increase in the extracellular concentration of glutamate in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Extracellular Space; Fluoxetine; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ketanserin; Male; Microdialysis; N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine; Neostriatum; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Serotonin Antagonists; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2012 |
Transient sodium current at subthreshold voltages: activation by EPSP waveforms.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biophysical Phenomena; Cerebellum; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Markov Chains; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Models, Neurological; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin | 2012 |
Munc13 genotype regulates secretory amyloid precursor protein processing via postsynaptic glutamate receptors.
Topics: Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Brain; Calcium Channel Blockers; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Kynurenic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microscopy, Confocal; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Phorbol Esters; Potassium Chloride; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses; Tetanus Toxin; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2013 |
Presynaptic α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors increase glutamate release and serotonin neuron excitability in the dorsal raphe nucleus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetylcholine; Aconitine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Atropine; Bicuculline; Cadmium Chloride; Chelating Agents; Cholinergic Agonists; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Physostigmine; Presynaptic Terminals; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Nicotinic; Ryanodine; Serotonergic Neurons; Serotonin; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2012 |
Relationship between increase in astrocytic GLT-1 glutamate transport and late-LTP.
Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Biophysics; Biotinylation; Cells, Cultured; Colforsin; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Flow Cytometry; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Kainic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Neurons; Protein Transport; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2012 |
The influence of cold temperature on cellular excitability of hippocampal networks.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cold Temperature; Evoked Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Nerve Net; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channels; Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2012 |
Acute suppression of spontaneous neurotransmission drives synaptic potentiation.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biophysics; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Electric Stimulation; Elongation Factor 2 Kinase; Enzyme Inhibitors; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Exploratory Behavior; Feeding Behavior; GABA Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibition, Psychological; Ketamine; Locomotion; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neural Inhibition; Neuronal Plasticity; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Picrotoxin; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Sodium Channel Blockers; Swimming; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2013 |
Hypofunction of glutamatergic neurotransmission in the periaqueductal gray contributes to nerve-injury-induced neuropathic pain.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neuralgia; Neurons; Pain Measurement; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Spinal Nerves; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2013 |
Cholinergic modulation of primary afferent glutamatergic transmission in rat medullary dorsal horn neurons.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cholinergic Agents; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Posterior Horn Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2013 |
Contribution of CA3 and CA1 pyramidal neurons to the tonic α7 nAChR-dependent glutamatergic input to CA1 pyramidal neurons.
Topics: Aconitine; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Animals; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; CA3 Region, Hippocampal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Pyramidal Cells; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2013 |
Mechanisms contributing to cluster formation in the inferior olivary nucleus in brainstem slices from postnatal mice.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium Signaling; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; Glycyrrhetinic Acid; Mice; Neurons; Olivary Nucleus; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2014 |
Glutamate release from astrocyte cell-line GL261 via alterations in the intracellular ion environment.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cell Line, Transformed; Cell Proliferation; Channelrhodopsins; Coculture Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Fluid; Light; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Neurons; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Verapamil | 2014 |
α-MSH exerts direct postsynaptic excitatory effects on NTS neurons and enhances GABAergic signaling in the NTS.
Topics: alpha-MSH; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B; Sodium Channel Blockers; Solitary Nucleus; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2014 |
Activity-dependent Wnt 7 dendritic targeting in hippocampal neurons: plasticity- and tagging-related retrograde signaling mechanism?
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Dendrites; Dendritic Spines; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Membrane Proteins; Models, Neurological; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Potassium Chloride; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Wnt Proteins | 2014 |
Minocycline, a microglial inhibitor, blocks spinal CCL2-induced heat hyperalgesia and augmentation of glutamatergic transmission in substantia gelatinosa neurons.
Topics: Animals; Chemokine CCL2; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Glycine Agents; Hyperalgesia; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Minocycline; Neurons; Pain Threshold; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Strychnine; Substantia Gelatinosa; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2014 |
Myosin II ATPase activity mediates the long-term potentiation-induced exodus of stable F-actin bound by drebrin A from dendritic spines.
Topics: Actins; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Bicuculline; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Dendritic Spines; Female; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Myosin Type II; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Phosphorylation; Pregnancy; Protein Binding; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin; Time-Lapse Imaging | 2014 |
Neuronal activity and glutamate uptake decrease mitochondrial mobility in astrocytes and position mitochondria near glutamate transporters.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Bicuculline; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Female; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Luminescent Proteins; Male; Mitochondria; Neurons; Niacinamide; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Tetrodotoxin; Thiourea; Transfection; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2014 |
Neuronal activity regulates extracellular tau in vivo.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Electroencephalography; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamic Acid; Half-Life; Kinetics; Luciferases; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microdialysis; Neurons; Synaptic Transmission; tau Proteins; Tauopathies; Tetrodotoxin | 2014 |
Transient inactivation of the ventral hippocampus in neonatal rats impairs the mesolimbic regulation of prefrontal glutamate release in adulthood.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Catheters, Indwelling; Disease Models, Animal; Electrodes, Implanted; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microelectrodes; N-Methylaspartate; Nucleus Accumbens; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats, Wistar; Schizophrenia; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2014 |
Acetylcholine controls GABA-, glutamate-, and glycine-dependent giant depolarizing potentials that govern spontaneous motoneuron activity at the onset of synaptogenesis in the mouse embryonic spinal cord.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Cholinergic Agents; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Homeodomain Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Neurons; Nerve Net; Pregnancy; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin; Transcription Factors | 2014 |
Transmitter self-regulation by extracellular glutamate in fresh human cortical slices.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aspartic Acid; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Extracellular Fluid; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Methionine; Middle Aged; Neurons; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Veratridine | 2014 |
Optogenetic activation of cajal-retzius cells reveals their glutamatergic output and a novel feedforward circuit in the developing mouse hippocampus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Chemokine CXCL12; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Feedback, Physiological; Female; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; GABAergic Neurons; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Interneurons; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Optogenetics; Potassium Channel Blockers; Pyramidal Cells; Pyridazines; Reaction Time; Reelin Protein; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2014 |
Different pools of glutamate receptors mediate sensitivity to ambient glutamate in the cochlear nucleus.
Topics: Action Potentials; Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cochlear Nucleus; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Mice, Inbred CBA; Receptors, Glutamate; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2015 |
Brain Rewarding Stimulation Reduces Extracellular Glutamate Through Glial Modulation in Medial Prefrontal Cortex of Rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Area Under Curve; Citrates; Conditioning, Operant; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Glutamic Acid; Male; Medial Forebrain Bundle; Microdialysis; Neuroglia; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Self Stimulation; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2015 |
Hesperidin inhibits glutamate release and exerts neuroprotection against excitotoxicity induced by kainic acid in the hippocampus of rats.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hesperidin; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 2015 |
Vanilloids selectively sensitize thermal glutamate release from TRPV1 expressing solitary tract afferents.
Topics: Animals; Capsaicin; Diterpenes; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sensory System Agents; Sodium Channel Blockers; Solitary Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; TRPV Cation Channels | 2016 |
Astroglial Connexin 43 Hemichannels Modulate Olfactory Bulb Slow Oscillations.
Topics: Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Biological Clocks; Carbenoxolone; Connexin 30; Connexin 43; Connexins; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Net; Olfactory Bulb; Peptides; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Xanthines | 2015 |
Movement and structure of mitochondria in oligodendrocytes and their myelin sheaths.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors; Cytoplasm; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mitochondria; Myelin Basic Protein; Myelin Sheath; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Oligodendrocyte Transcription Factor 2; Oligodendroglia; Organ Culture Techniques; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2016 |
Soluble Amyloid-β42 Stimulates Glutamate Release through Activation of the α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor.
Topics: alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Bungarotoxins; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microelectrodes; Peptide Fragments; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2016 |
Neuronal activity mediated regulation of glutamate transporter GLT-1 surface diffusion in rat astrocytes in dissociated and slice cultures.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Coculture Techniques; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Transgenic; Tetrodotoxin | 2016 |
Alcohol consumption increases basal extracellular glutamate in the nucleus accumbens core of Sprague-Dawley rats without increasing spontaneous glutamate release.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Amino Acids; Animals; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Male; Miniature Postsynaptic Potentials; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2016 |
Genistein inhibition of OGD-induced brain neuron death correlates with its modulation of apoptosis, voltage-gated potassium and sodium currents and glutamate signal pathway.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Cells, Cultured; Down-Regulation; Genistein; Glutamic Acid; Models, Biological; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Tetrodotoxin; Up-Regulation; Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels | 2016 |
Glutamatergic drive facilitates synaptic inhibition of dorsal vagal motor neurons after experimentally induced diabetes in mice.
Topics: Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mice; Miniature Postsynaptic Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Receptors, Glutamate; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Tissue Culture Techniques; Vagus Nerve | 2016 |
Influence of developmental nicotine exposure on glutamatergic neurotransmission in rhythmically active hypoglossal motoneurons.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hypoglossal Nerve; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2017 |
Postnatal changes in glutamatergic inputs of jaw-closing motoneuron dendrites.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Stem; Dendrites; Drug Delivery Systems; Glutamic Acid; Lasers; Masseter Muscle; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroanatomical Tract-Tracing Techniques; Neurotransmitter Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats, Wistar; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2016 |
Rapid sodium signaling couples glutamate uptake to breakdown of ATP in perivascular astrocyte endfeet.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Connexin 30; Connexin 43; D-Aspartic Acid; Female; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Knockout; Signal Transduction; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2017 |
Presynaptic facilitation by tetracaine of glutamatergic spontaneous excitatory transmission in the rat spinal substantia gelatinosa - Involvement of TRPA1 channels.
Topics: Acetanilides; Amides; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Bupivacaine; Capsaicin; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Levobupivacaine; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pain; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Prilocaine; Purines; Pyrazines; Pyridines; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Ropivacaine; Ruthenium Red; Substantia Gelatinosa; Tetracaine; Tetrodotoxin; Tissue Culture Techniques; TRPA1 Cation Channel; TRPC Cation Channels | 2017 |
Epigenetic control of epilepsy target genes contributes to a cellular memory of epileptogenesis in cultured rat hippocampal neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cells, Cultured; DNA Methylation; Epigenesis, Genetic; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Models, Biological; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2017 |
Metaplasticity at CA1 Synapses by Homeostatic Control of Presynaptic Release Dynamics.
Topics: Animals; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Female; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton; Neuronal Plasticity; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Potentials; Tetrodotoxin | 2017 |
The C-terminal tails of endogenous GluA1 and GluA2 differentially contribute to hippocampal synaptic plasticity and learning.
Topics: Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Learning; Long-Term Potentiation; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neuronal Plasticity; Peptide Fragments; Protein Domains; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2018 |
Circuit-selective properties of glutamatergic inputs to the rat prelimbic cortex and their alterations in neuropathic pain.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Channelrhodopsins; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Nerve Net; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Neuralgia; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Thalamus; Valine | 2018 |
Suppression of Presynaptic Glutamate Release by Postsynaptic Metabotropic NMDA Receptor Signalling to Pannexin-1.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Chelating Agents; Connexins; Egtazic Acid; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Sodium Channel Blockers; src-Family Kinases; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; TRPV Cation Channels | 2020 |
Acute and Chronic Dopaminergic Depletion Differently Affect Motor Thalamic Function.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Cerebral Cortex; Deep Brain Stimulation; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Levodopa; Male; Medial Forebrain Bundle; Microdialysis; Neurons; Oxidopamine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrodotoxin; Thalamus | 2020 |
Mechanisms Underlying Enhancement of Spontaneous Glutamate Release by Group I mGluRs at a Central Auditory Synapse.
Topics: Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Resorcinols; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sound Localization; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Trapezoid Body | 2020 |
Selective block of adenosine A
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Ischemia; Ligands; Neurons; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Tetrodotoxin | 2022 |