glutamic acid has been researched along with 4-aminopyridine in 189 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 5 (2.65) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 59 (31.22) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 76 (40.21) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 45 (23.81) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 4 (2.12) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Herrero, I; Miras-Portugal, MT; Sánchez-Prieto, J | 2 |
| Provan, SD; Yokel, RA | 1 |
| McMahon, HT; Nicholls, DG | 1 |
| Avoli, M; Perreault, P | 1 |
| Miras-Portugal, MT; Rubio, I; Sánchez-Prieto, J; Torres, M | 1 |
| Dye, J | 1 |
| Fredholm, BB; Hu, PS; Jin, S | 1 |
| Barrie, AP; Nicholls, DG; Sanchez-Prieto, J; Sihra, TS | 1 |
| Bastmeyer, M; Hoppe, D; Kettenmann, H; Stuermer, CA; von Blankenfeld, G | 1 |
| Dorman, RV; Freeman, EJ; Terrian, DM | 1 |
| Franklin, CL; Gruol, DL | 1 |
| Dolly, JO; Nicholls, DG; Tibbs, GR | 1 |
| Barnes, S; Davies, JA; Whitham, EM | 1 |
| Freeman, GB; Gibson, GE; Mykytyn, V | 1 |
| Strumwasser, F; Van Harreveld, A | 1 |
| Chen, W; Hui, CS | 1 |
| Brotchie, JM; East, SJ; Hill, MP | 1 |
| Boos, R; Schneider, H; Wässle, H | 1 |
| Barrionuevo, G; Fleck, MW; Henze, DA; Palmer, AM | 1 |
| Dunlap, K; Turner, TJ | 1 |
| Dawson, R; Kim, EK; Meldrum, MJ; Patterson, TA | 1 |
| Hemmings, HC; Schlame, M | 1 |
| Fredholm, BB; Jin, S | 1 |
| Bliss, TV; Canevari, L; Richter-Levin, G | 1 |
| Herrero, I; Miras-Portugal, MT; Mora, F; Sánchez-Prieto, J | 1 |
| Herrero, I; Miras-Portugal, MT; Sánchez-Prieto, J; Vázquez, E | 1 |
| Barrie, AP; Nicholls, DG | 1 |
| Kapetanovic, IM; Kupferberg, HJ; Yonekawa, WD | 1 |
| Coffey, ET; Nicholls, DG; Sihra, TS | 1 |
| Dorman, RV; Ruehr, ML; Zhang, L | 1 |
| Brotchie, JM; Hill, MP | 2 |
| Barrie, A; Benfenati, F; Chieregatti, E; Miloso, M; Valtorta, F | 1 |
| Morales-Villagrán, A; Tapia, R | 1 |
| McCarthy, KD; Porter, JT | 1 |
| Ameri, A; Beile, A; Friese, J; Gleitz, J; Peters, T | 1 |
| Hemmings, HC; Ratnakumari, L | 1 |
| Nicholls, DG | 1 |
| Mora, F; Porras, A; Segovia, G | 1 |
| Brown, GC; McNaught, KS | 2 |
| Tapia, R | 1 |
| Besselsen, E; Breukel, AI; Ghijsen, WE; Lopes da Silva, FH | 1 |
| Ambrósio, AF; Carvalho, AP; Carvalho, CM; Malva, JO; Sequeira, SM | 1 |
| Perkinton, MS; Sihra, TS | 2 |
| Ayala, GX; Bargas, J; Galarraga, E; Hernández, E | 1 |
| Berg-Johnsen, J; Langmoen, IA; Larsen, M; Valø, ET | 1 |
| Günel, MA; Kara, I; Koyuncuoğlu, H; Nurten, A; Yamantürk, P | 1 |
| Cousin, MA; Robinson, PJ | 2 |
| Alexandre, A; Cavallini, L; Zoccarato, F | 2 |
| Brown, RE; Haas, HL | 1 |
| Carvalho, AP; Carvalho, CM; Sequeira, SM | 1 |
| Albuquerque, EX; Braga, MF; Pereira, EF | 1 |
| Bedingfield, JS; Reid, ME; Roberts, PJ; Toms, NJ | 1 |
| Adachi, T; Nakao, S; Shingu, K; Shinomura, T | 1 |
| Eubanks, JH; Tian, GF; Wallace, MC; Zhang, L; Zhang, Y | 1 |
| Boychuk, YA; Kopanitsa, MV; Krishtal, OA; Lozovaya, NA | 1 |
| Malenka, RC; Nicoll, RA | 1 |
| McGinty, JF; Rawls, SM; Terrian, DM | 1 |
| Berg-Johnsen, J; Røste, GK; Valø, ET; Vinje, ML | 1 |
| Schoppa, NE; Westbrook, GL | 1 |
| Obrenovitch, TP | 1 |
| Thio, LL; Wong, M; Yamada, KA | 1 |
| Cahill, CM; Coderre, TJ; Fisher, K; Lefebvre, C | 1 |
| Sánchez-Prieto, J; Sistiaga, A | 2 |
| Peña, F; Tapia, R | 1 |
| Altemus, KL; Ariano, MA; Calvert, CR; Cepeda, C; Flores-Hernández, J; Grandy, DK; Hurst, RS; Jokel, ES; Levine, MS; Low, MJ; Rubinstein, M | 1 |
| Bole, DG; Hirata, K; Leckenby, AM; Ogita, K; Tamura, Y; Ueda, T; Yoshida, S | 1 |
| Alford, S; Blackmer, T; Freed, R; Takahashi, M | 1 |
| Carvalho, AP; Carvalho, CM; Malva, JO; Sequeira, SM | 1 |
| Ariano, MA; Bunzow, JR; Cepeda, C; Falzone, TL; Flores-Hernandez, J; Grandy, DK; Hurst, RS; Kozell, LB; Levine, MS; Low, MJ; Meshul, CK; Rubinstein, M | 1 |
| Enginar, N; Kara , I; Koyuncuoğlu, H; Nurten, A; Ozerman, B | 1 |
| Gean, PW; Sihra, TS; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Czernik, AJ; Greengard, P; Hemmings, HC; Jovanovic, JN; Nairn, AC; Sihra, TS | 1 |
| Behrens, R; Chavoshy, S; Gu, N; Hu, H; Knaus, HG; Laake, P; Ottersen, OP; Pongs, O; Shao, LR; Storm, JF; Trieb, M | 1 |
| Bergevin, A; Congar, P; Trudeau, LE | 1 |
| Wang, SJ | 6 |
| Berg-Johnsen, J; Larsen, GA; Moe, MC; Røste, GK; Vinje, ML | 1 |
| Zheng, LX | 1 |
| Hemmings, HC; Westphalen, RI | 2 |
| Kuo, YH; Su, CF; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Amat, G; Armijo, JA; Cuadrado, A | 1 |
| Galvan, A; Smith, Y; Wichmann, T | 1 |
| Abarca, C; Gutiérrez, Mdel C; Possani, LD | 1 |
| Ayala, GX; Tapia, R | 3 |
| Hung, CF; Lee, YJ; Su, MJ; Wang, SJ; Yang, TT | 1 |
| Grebenyuk, S; Kirichok, Y; Krishtal, O; Lozovaya, N; Melnik, S; Tsintsadze, T | 1 |
| Domenici, MR; Frank, C; Grieco, R; Martire, A; Pepponi, R; Pintor, A; Popoli, P; Potenza, RL; Tebano, MT | 1 |
| Bancila, V; Bloc, A; Dunant, Y; Nikonenko, I | 1 |
| Boyd, JD; Davison, IG; Delaney, KR | 1 |
| Brown, JT; Collingridge, GL; Davies, CH; Randall, AD; Richardson, JC | 1 |
| Bradford, SE; Nadler, JV | 1 |
| Francis, NN; Kantrowitz, JT; Perkins, KL; Salah, A | 1 |
| Favorov, OV; Lee, J; Tommerdahl, M; Whitsel, BL | 1 |
| Araque, A; Perea, G | 1 |
| Pan, ZZ; Zhu, W | 1 |
| Chen, HH; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Kang, J; Kang, N; Nedergaard, M; Xu, J; Xu, Q | 1 |
| Mora, G; Tapia, R | 1 |
| Tapia, R; Tovar-y-Romo, LB | 1 |
| Baldwin, ML; Cammarota, M; Rostas, JA; Sim, AT | 1 |
| Chang, CT; Liao, WN; Wang, BW; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Kardos, J; Lasztóczi, B | 1 |
| Arias-Montaño, JA; Garduño-Torres, B; Gutiérrez, R; Treviño, M | 1 |
| Carvalho, RA; Cunha, RA; Duarte, JM | 1 |
| Haji, A; Kato, F; Ohi, Y | 1 |
| Chou, CW; Huang, WJ; Tien, LT; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Davanger, S; Furmanek, T; Haglerød, C; Oltedal, L | 1 |
| López-Pérez, SJ; Medina-Ceja, L; Morales-Villagrán, A | 1 |
| Wang, SJ; Yang, TT | 2 |
| Avoli, M; Sudbury, JR | 1 |
| Kitano, H; Shinohara, H; Zakir Hossain, SM | 1 |
| Medina-Ceja, L; Morales-Villagrán, A; Sandoval-Salazar, C | 1 |
| Hsu, GS; Huang, CY; Wang, SJ; Wu, WM; Yang, FL | 1 |
| Chou, SH; Chou, SS; Huang, RF; Kuo, YC; Leu, JY; Liew, YF; Tzeng, WF; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Chang, Y; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Huang, CY; Hung, KL; Wang, CC; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Bartolomé-Martín, D; Ladera, C; Martín, R; Sánchez-Prieto, J; Torres, M | 1 |
| Chang, WH; Chuang, SH; Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Tien, LT; Wang, SJ; Wang, YR | 1 |
| Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Wang, SJ | 3 |
| Borbély, S; Czégé, D; Dobó, E; Mihály, A; Molnár, E; Világi, I | 1 |
| Wang, CC; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Chiang, HS; Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Bains, JS; Iremonger, KJ | 1 |
| Adesnik, H; Hull, C; Scanziani, M | 1 |
| Smith, AJ; Smith, RA; Stone, TW; Tauskela, JS | 1 |
| Bertsche, A; Bruehl, C; Draguhn, A; Pietz, J | 1 |
| Satoh, E; Shimeki, S | 1 |
| Halasy, K; Henderson, Z; Janzsó, G; Lu, CB; Matto, N; McKinley, CE; Yanagawa, Y | 1 |
| Hemmings, HC; Jih, TY; Krivitski, M; Westphalen, RI; Yu, J | 1 |
| Brondi, M; Cammarota, M; Carmignoto, G; Chiavegato, A; de Curtis, M; Gómez-Gonzalo, M; Losi, G; Pozzan, T; Ratto, GM; Uva, L; Vetri, F; Zonta, M | 1 |
| Edwards, RH; Gray, JA; Hara, C; Inoue, T; Juge, N; Miyaji, T; Moriyama, Y; Nicoll, RA; Omote, H; Uneyama, H | 1 |
| Chang, Y; Lin, YW; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Cid, MP; Roth, GA; Rupil, LL; Salvatierra, NA; Vilcaes, AA | 1 |
| Chou, SH; Chou, SS; Huang, RF; Huang, SK; Kuo, YC; Leu, CY; Liew, YF; Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Tzeng, WF; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Aldana, BI; Chiu, LM; Guarneros, A; Sanchez-Tafolla, BM; Sitges, M | 1 |
| Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Wang, CC; Wang, SJ; Wang, YC | 1 |
| Borker, P; Prodromou, ML; Salussolia, CL; Wollmuth, LP | 1 |
| Chiu, KM; Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Salazar, P; Tapia, R | 1 |
| Tapia, R; Vera, G | 1 |
| Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Wang, CC; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Lu, JF; Wang, CC; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| López-Pérez, SJ; Medina-Ceja, L; Morales-Villagrán, A; Sandoval-García, F | 1 |
| Bacigaluppi, M; Bari, M; Brambilla, E; Butti, E; Cambiaghi, M; Cebrian Silla, A; Centonze, D; Comi, G; D'Adamo, P; De Ceglia, R; De Chiara, V; Garcia-Verdugo, JM; Leocani, L; Maccarrone, M; Martino, G; Musella, A; Muzio, L; Quattrini, A; Rossi, S; Teneud, L | 1 |
| Chang, Y; Huang, SK; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Desai, KM; Hemmings, HC; Westphalen, RI | 1 |
| Huang, SK; Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Wang, SJ | 4 |
| Huang, SK; Lin, TY; Lin, YW; Lu, CW; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Huang, WJ; Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Wang, SJ; Wu, CC | 1 |
| Kuo, JR; Wang, CC; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Maccaferri, G; Quattrocolo, G | 1 |
| Bensalem-Owen, M; Davis, VA; Deel, ME; Gerhardt, GA; Huettl, P; Pomerleau, F; Slevin, J; Stephens, ML; Williamson, A | 1 |
| López-Pérez, S; Medina-Ceja, L; Morales-Villagrán, A; Ortega-Ibarra, J; Pardo-Peña, K | 1 |
| Chang, CY; Chou, SS; Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Wang, CC; Wang, SJ; Wang, YC | 1 |
| Chang, CY; Chou, SS; Huang, SK; Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Wang, SJ; Wang, YC | 1 |
| López-Valenzuela, CL; Medina-Ceja, L; Morales-Villagrán, A | 1 |
| Li, G; Liu, ZL; Yang, K; Zhang, WN | 1 |
| Chang, Y; Huang, SK; Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Wang, SJ; Wang, YC | 1 |
| Avoli, M; Hamidi, S; Herrington, R; Lévesque, M | 1 |
| Aylsworth, A; Blondeau, N; Brunette, E; Hewitt, M; Tauskela, JS | 1 |
| Kuo, JR; Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Wang, HY; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Al Awabdh, S; Griffin, LD; Gupta-Agarwal, S; Kittler, JT; Muir, J; Norkett, R; Sheehan, DF; Twelvetrees, AE | 1 |
| Ceccanti, M; Chassidim, Y; Colonnese, C; D'Elia, A; Fassler, M; Friedman, A; Inghilleri, M; Nucciarelli, V; Onesti, E; Pell, GS; Prager, O; Raccah, R; Roth, Y; Salvati, M; Santoro, A; Shahar, H; Vazana, U; Veksler, R; Zangen, A | 1 |
| Kasatkina, LA | 1 |
| Biró, ÁA; Brémaud, A; Falck, J; Ruiz, AJ | 1 |
| Chang, Y; Hsieh, TY; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Chuang, AY; Chuang, HH; Huang, CS; Lai, YC; Wang, GH; Yang, YC; Yeh, JY | 1 |
| Chiu, KM; Lee, MY; Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Wang, SJ | 1 |
| Chiu, KM; Hsu, SK; Lee, MY; Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Wang, SJ | 1 |
4 review(s) available for glutamic acid and 4-aminopyridine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Release and uptake of glutamate as related to excitotoxicity.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Cell Culture Techniques; Glutamic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Degeneration | 1996 |
Expression mechanisms underlying NMDA receptor-dependent long-term potentiation.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Brain; Calcium; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Memory; Neuroglia; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 1999 |
High extracellular glutamate and neuronal death in neurological disorders. Cause, contribution or consequence?
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Cell Death; Cortical Spreading Depression; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Nervous System Diseases; Neurons; Potassium; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Neuroprotective Role of the B Vitamins in the Modulation of the Central Glutamatergic Neurotransmission.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes; Vitamin B Complex | 2022 |
1 trial(s) available for glutamic acid and 4-aminopyridine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Sevoflurane reduces synaptic glutamate release in human synaptosomes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Adult; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Calcium; Cytosol; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Methyl Ethers; Sevoflurane; Synapses; Synaptosomes; Temporal Lobe | 2002 |
184 other study(ies) available for glutamic acid and 4-aminopyridine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Activation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters and arachidonic acid required for the optimal potentiation of glutamate exocytosis.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Cell Membrane; Drug Synergism; Electrophysiology; Enzyme Activation; Exocytosis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate | 1992 |
Positive feedback of glutamate exocytosis by metabotropic presynaptic receptor stimulation.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Calcium; Cycloleucine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Exocytosis; Feedback; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Synaptosomes | 1992 |
Aluminum inhibits glutamate release from transverse rat hippocampal slices: role of G proteins, Ca channels and protein kinase C.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aluminum; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Enzyme Activation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; GTP-Binding Proteins; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Learning; Male; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate | 1992 |
Transmitter glutamate release from isolated nerve terminals: evidence for biphasic release and triggering by localized Ca2+.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Radioisotopes; Cerebral Cortex; Egtazic Acid; Exocytosis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Ionomycin; Kinetics; Nerve Endings; Potassium Chloride; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Synaptosomes | 1991 |
Physiology and pharmacology of epileptiform activity induced by 4-aminopyridine in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Electrophysiology; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Synapses | 1991 |
Ca(2+)-independent release of glutamate during in vitro anoxia in isolated nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nerve Endings; Oxygen; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Synaptosomes | 1991 |
Ionic and synaptic mechanisms underlying a brainstem oscillator: an in vitro study of the pacemaker nucleus of Apteronotus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Biological Clocks; Brain Stem; Calcium; Cold Temperature; Electric Fish; Fourier Analysis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Potassium Channels; Sodium Channels; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
4-Aminopyridine-induced noradrenaline release from the rat hippocampus depends on the activation of glutamate receptors of the non-NMDA type.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Norepinephrine; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1991 |
An ion channel locus for the protein kinase C potentiation of transmitter glutamate release from guinea pig cerebrocortical synaptosomes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Ion Channels; Neurotransmitter Agents; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; Potassium Chloride; Protein Kinase C; Synaptosomes | 1991 |
Two populations of glial cells from fish optic nerve/tract with distinct electrophysiological properties.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Electrophysiology; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Goldfish; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Myelin Proteins; Nerve Regeneration; Neuroglia; Oligodendroglia; Optic Nerve; Visual Pathways | 1991 |
Presynaptic facilitation of glutamate release from isolated hippocampal mossy fiber nerve endings by arachidonic acid.
Topics: 12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid; 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Arachidonic Acids; Enzyme Activation; Fatty Acids; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Melitten; Nerve Endings; Phospholipases A; Potassium Chloride; Prostaglandins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptosomes | 1990 |
Morphological and physiological differentiation of Purkinje neurons in cultures of rat cerebellum.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Aminopyridines; Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Histocytochemistry; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Ion Channels; Microscopy, Phase-Contrast; Potassium; Purkinje Cells; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds | 1987 |
Dendrotoxin, 4-aminopyridine, and beta-bungarotoxin act at common loci but by two distinct mechanisms to induce Ca2+-dependent release of glutamate from guinea-pig cerebrocortical synaptosomes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aminopyridines; Animals; Bungarotoxins; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Elapid Venoms; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Membrane Potentials; Potassium Chloride; Strontium; Synaptosomes | 1989 |
Effects of potassium channel blockade on endogenous glutamate release from cerebellar slices.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aminopyridines; Animals; Cerebellum; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Potassium Channels; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Quinine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1989 |
Differential alteration of dopamine, acetylcholine, and glutamate release during anoxia and/or 3,4-diaminopyridine treatment.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Acetylcholine; Amifampridine; Aminopyridines; Animals; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Potassium | 1987 |
Glutamate agonistic and antagonistic activity of L-proline investigated in the hippocampal slice.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aminopyridines; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Potassium; Proline; Rats; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1981 |
Origin of delayed outward ionic current in charge movement traces from frog skeletal muscle.
Topics: 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid; 4-Aminopyridine; Amifampridine; Animals; Anions; Calcium; Cesium; Chloride Channels; Egtazic Acid; Furosemide; Gluconates; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Muscle, Skeletal; Rana temporaria; Rubidium; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1994 |
Metabotropic glutamate receptor agonists inhibit endogenous glutamate release from rat striatal synaptosomes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Cycloleucine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synaptosomes | 1995 |
Voltage- and transmitter-gated currents of all-amacrine cells in a slice preparation of the rat retina.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Cobalt; Electrophysiology; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channel Gating; Ion Channels; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Amino Acid; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Sodium Channels; Strychnine; Synapses; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Aspartate and glutamate mediate excitatory synaptic transmission in area CA1 of the hippocampus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Evoked Potentials; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Pipecolic Acids; Pyramidal Tracts; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tritium | 1993 |
Prolonged time course of glutamate release from nerve terminals: relationship between stimulus duration and the secretory event.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Batrachotoxins; Calcium; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Nerve Endings; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Sodium; Sodium Channels; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 1995 |
Glutamate efflux from rat brain slices and cultures: a comparison of the depolarizing agents potassium, 4-aminopyridine, and veratrine.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amino Acids; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Organ Specificity; Parietal Lobe; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Temporal Lobe; Veratrine | 1995 |
Inhibition by volatile anesthetics of endogenous glutamate release from synaptosomes by a presynaptic mechanism.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Anesthetics; Animals; Calcium; Glutamic Acid; Halothane; Ionomycin; Male; Potassium Chloride; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channels; Synaptosomes; Veratridine | 1995 |
Role of NMDA, AMPA and kainate receptors in mediating glutamate- and 4-AP-induced dopamine and acetylcholine release from rat striatal slices.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Acetylcholine; Animals; Dopamine; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neostriatum; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1994 |
LTP in the dentate gyrus is associated with a persistent NMDA receptor-dependent enhancement of synaptosomal glutamate release.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptosomes; Veratridine | 1994 |
Unchanged exocytotic release of glutamic acid in cortex and neostriatum of the rat during aging.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aging; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Exocytosis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nerve Endings; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptosomes | 1994 |
Role of arachidonic acid in the facilitation of glutamate release from rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes independent of metabotropic glutamate receptor responses.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Cerebral Cortex; Cycloleucine; Diglycerides; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nerve Endings; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Signal Transduction; Synaptosomes | 1994 |
Adenosine A1 receptor inhibition of glutamate exocytosis and protein kinase C-mediated decoupling.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Adenosine; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Enzyme Activation; Exocytosis; Fura-2; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Potassium Chloride; Protein Kinase C; Receptors, Purinergic; Synaptosomes; Theophylline | 1993 |
Time-related loss of glutamine from hippocampal slices and concomitant changes in neurotransmitter amino acids.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amino Acids; Animals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neurotransmitter Agents; Osmolar Concentration; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1993 |
Protein kinase C and the regulation of glutamate exocytosis from cerebrocortical synaptosomes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Exocytosis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Indoles; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; Membrane Potentials; Membrane Proteins; Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C Kinase Substrate; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; Phosphorylation; Potassium Channels; Potassium Chloride; Protein Kinase C; Proteins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium Channels; Synaptosomes | 1993 |
Arachidonic acid and oleoylacetylglycerol induce a synergistic facilitation of Ca(2+)-dependent glutamate release from hippocampal mossy fiber nerve endings.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cholinergic Agents; Cytochalasin D; Cytoskeleton; Diazoxide; Diglycerides; Drug Synergism; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ionomycin; Ionophores; Nerve Endings; Potassium; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Stimulation, Chemical; Synaptic Transmission | 1996 |
Modulation of glutamate release by a kappa-opioid receptor agonist in rodent and primate striatum.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Benzofurans; Callithrix; Corpus Striatum; Glutamic Acid; Male; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Synaptosomes | 1995 |
Epidermal growth factor-mediated inhibition of neurotransmitter glutamate release from rat forebrain synaptosomes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Epidermal Growth Factor; Glutamic Acid; Insulin; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Male; Phosphorylation; Phosphotyrosine; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Synaptosomes | 1996 |
Preferential stimulation of glutamate release by 4-aminopyridine in rat striatum in vivo.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amino Acids; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neostriatum; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetraethylammonium Compounds | 1996 |
Hippocampal astrocytes in situ respond to glutamate released from synaptic terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Electric Stimulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Intracellular Membranes; Neurons; omega-Conotoxins; Osmolar Concentration; Peptides; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats | 1996 |
Anticonvulsive action of (+/-)-kavain estimated from its properties on stimulated synaptosomes and Na+ channel receptor sites.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Batrachotoxins; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Male; Pyrones; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Saxitoxin; Sodium; Sodium Channels; Synaptosomes | 1996 |
Effects of propofol on sodium channel-dependent sodium influx and glutamate release in rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Calcium Channels; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Male; Potassium Chloride; Propofol; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Synaptosomes; Veratridine | 1997 |
Strategies for receptor control of neurotransmitter release.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium Channels; Cycloleucine; Elapid Venoms; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Models, Neurological; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Potassium Channels; Potassium Chloride; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, Purinergic P1; Synaptosomes | 1998 |
Effects of 4-aminopyridine on extracellular concentrations of glutamate in striatum of the freely moving rat.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Wakefulness | 1997 |
Nitric oxide causes release of glutamate from brain synaptosomes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Anaerobiosis; Animals; Brain; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Nitric Oxide; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptosomes | 1997 |
Arachidonic acid inhibits uptake of amino acids and potentiates PKC effects on glutamate, but not GABA, exocytosis in isolated hippocampal nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acids; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Exocytosis; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Indomethacin; Kinetics; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Masoprocol; Nerve Endings; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium; Synaptosomes | 1997 |
Modulation of glutamate release from rat hippocampal synaptosomes by nitric oxide.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Calcium; Cyclic GMP; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hydroxylamine; Male; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptosomes | 1997 |
Presynaptic GABA(B) receptor modulation of glutamate exocytosis from rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals: receptor decoupling by protein kinase C.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Baclofen; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Exocytosis; GABA Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-B; Stereoisomerism; Synaptosomes | 1998 |
Nitric oxide causes glutamate release from brain synaptosomes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Brain; Culture Media; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nitric Oxide; Nitrogen Oxides; Oxygen; Potassium Cyanide; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spermine; Synaptosomes | 1998 |
Ca2+-channels involved in neostriatal glutamatergic transmission.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Bicuculline; Cadmium; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Neostriatum; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1998 |
Isoflurane reduces synaptic glutamate release without changing cytosolic free calcium in isolated nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cytosol; Depression, Chemical; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Isoflurane; Kinetics; Nerve Endings; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptosomes | 1998 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists, glutamate release inhibitors, 4-aminopyridine at neuromuscular transmission.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 4-Aminopyridine; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Diaphragm; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Muscle Contraction; Neuromuscular Junction; Phrenic Nerve; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1998 |
Ba2+ does not support synaptic vesicle retrieval in rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Barium; Cations, Divalent; Cerebral Cortex; Endocytosis; Enzyme Inhibitors; Exocytosis; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Macrolides; Potassium Chloride; Proton-Translocating ATPases; Pyridinium Compounds; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Vesicles; Synaptosomes | 1998 |
The pH-sensitive dye acridine orange as a tool to monitor exocytosis/endocytosis in synaptosomes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Acids; Acridine Orange; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biological Transport; Cadmium; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Chelating Agents; Dimerization; Egtazic Acid; Endocytosis; Exocytosis; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Macrolides; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Synaptic Vesicles; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
On the mechanism of histaminergic inhibition of glutamate release in the rat dentate gyrus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Adenosine; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Dentate Gyrus; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Histamine; Histamine Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperidines; Potassium Channel Blockers; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Histamine H3; Synaptic Transmission | 1999 |
Both protein kinase G dependent and independent mechanisms are involved in the modulation of glutamate release by nitric oxide in rat hippocampal nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Cyclic GMP; Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Nitric Oxide; Nitroprusside; Oxadiazoles; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Kinases; Quinoxalines; Rats; Sulfhydryl Reagents; Synaptosomes; Thionucleotides | 1999 |
Nanomolar concentrations of lead inhibit glutamatergic and GABAergic transmission in hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Chelating Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edetic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Lead; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Picrotoxin; Potassium Channels; Sodium Channels; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Group I mGlu receptors potentiate synaptosomal [3H]glutamate release independently of exogenously applied arachidonic acid.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Calcium; Calcium Radioisotopes; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synaptosomes | 1999 |
A high-affinity presynaptic kainate-type glutamate receptor facilitates glutamate exocytosis from cerebral cortex nerve terminals (synaptosomes).
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cerebral Cortex; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Synaptosomes | 1999 |
Clonidine inhibits and phorbol acetate activates glutamate release from rat spinal synaptoneurosomes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Calcium; Clonidine; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Activation; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Potassium Chloride; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Spinal Cord; Synaptosomes; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate | 1999 |
Control of glutamate release by calcium channels and kappa-opioid receptors in rodent and primate striatum.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Benzofurans; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Callithrix; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neostriatum; omega-Agatoxin IVA; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Peptides; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Spider Venoms; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Reversible attenuation of glutamatergic transmission in hippocampal CA1 neurons of rat brain slices following transient cerebral ischemia.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Dentate Gyrus; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptic Transmission | 1999 |
Enhancement of glutamate release uncovers spillover-mediated transmission by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; N-Methylaspartate; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 1999 |
Presynaptic kappa-opioid and muscarinic receptors inhibit the calcium-dependent component of evoked glutamate release from striatal synaptosomes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Dicarboxylic Acids; Egtazic Acid; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neostriatum; Nerve Endings; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Presynaptic; Synaptosomes | 1999 |
Measured increase in intracellular Ca(2+) during stimulated release of endogenous glutamate from human cerebrocortical synaptosomes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Cytosol; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Kinetics; Rats; Synaptosomes; Temporal Lobe | 1999 |
Regulation of synaptic timing in the olfactory bulb by an A-type potassium current.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Dendrites; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Feedback; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channel Gating; Kinetics; Olfactory Bulb; Potassium; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1999 |
Ketone bodies do not directly alter excitatory or inhibitory hippocampal synaptic transmission.
Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; 4-Aminopyridine; Acetoacetates; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Diet; Entorhinal Cortex; Epilepsy; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Fasting; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Ketosis; Membrane Potentials; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Stimulation, Chemical; Synaptic Membranes; Synaptic Transmission | 2000 |
Evidence that DHPG-induced nociception depends on glutamate release from primary afferent C-fibres.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Capsaicin; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Spinal; Lamotrigine; Male; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Nerve Fibers; Neurons, Afferent; Nociceptors; Proline; Propionates; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Riluzole; Triazines | 2000 |
Protein phosphatase 2B inhibitors mimic the action of arachidonic acid and prolong the facilitation of glutamate release by group I mGlu receptors.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Calcineurin; Calcineurin Inhibitors; Calcium; Cyclosporine; Diglycerides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Membrane Potentials; Protein Phosphatase 1; Pyrethrins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Resorcinols; Synaptosomes; Time Factors | 2000 |
Protein phosphatase 1 and 2A inhibitors prolong the switch in the control of glutamate release by group I metabotropic glutamate receptors: characterization of the inhibitory pathway.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; GTP-Binding Proteins; Male; Pertussis Toxin; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; Potassium; Potassium Channel Blockers; Protein Kinase C; Protein Phosphatase 1; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Resorcinols; Signal Transduction; Synaptosomes; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 2000 |
Two mechanisms of synaptic vesicle recycling in rat brain nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Macrolides; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Chloride; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Kinase C; Proton-Translocating ATPases; Pyridinium Compounds; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Staurosporine; Synaptic Vesicles; Synaptosomes; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases | 2000 |
Seizures and neurodegeneration induced by 4-aminopyridine in rat hippocampus in vivo: role of glutamate- and GABA-mediated neurotransmission and of ion channels.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ion Channels; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neurotoxins; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Potassium Channels; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Riluzole; Seizures; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Synaptic Transmission | 2000 |
Facilitated glutamatergic transmission in the striatum of D2 dopamine receptor-deficient mice.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Membranes; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 2001 |
Inhibition of vesicular glutamate storage and exocytotic release by Rose Bengal.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Calcium; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Exocytosis; Fluorescein; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rose Bengal; Synaptic Vesicles; Synaptosomes | 2001 |
Calcium influx-independent depression of transmitter release by 5-HT at lamprey spinal cord synapses.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Axons; Calcium; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Lampreys; Motor Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Presynaptic Terminals; Serotonin; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 2001 |
Presynaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation inhibits neurotransmitter release through nitric oxide formation in rat hippocampal nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Carbon Radioisotopes; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Exocytosis; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Nitric Oxide; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes; Tritium | 2001 |
Dopamine D4 receptor-deficient mice display cortical hyperexcitability.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Bicuculline; Cerebral Cortex; Convulsants; Dopamine; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Motor Cortex; Neural Inhibition; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperazines; Presynaptic Terminals; Pyramidal Cells; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Dopamine D4; Seizures; Sulfonamides | 2001 |
The effects of different 4-aminopyridine and morphine combinations on the intensity of morphine abstinence.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2001 |
Lamotrigine inhibition of glutamate release from isolated cerebrocortical nerve terminals (synaptosomes) by suppression of voltage-activated calcium channel activity.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Lamotrigine; Male; Membrane Potentials; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptosomes; Triazines | 2001 |
Opposing changes in phosphorylation of specific sites in synapsin I during Ca2+-dependent glutamate release in isolated nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Binding Sites; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; Phosphorylation; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Phosphatase 2; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substrate Specificity; Synapsins; Synaptosomes | 2001 |
Presynaptic Ca2+-activated K+ channels in glutamatergic hippocampal terminals and their role in spike repolarization and regulation of transmitter release.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits; Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated; Presynaptic Terminals; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 2001 |
D2 receptors inhibit the secretory process downstream from calcium influx in dopaminergic neurons: implication of K+ channels.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Barium; Cadmium; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cells, Cultured; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Dopamine Antagonists; Elapid Venoms; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Ionomycin; Ionophores; Neurons; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Quinpirole; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Presynaptic; Sulpiride; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2002 |
Inhibition of glutamate release by fluspirilene in cerebrocortical nerve terminals (synaptosomes).
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Calcium Signaling; Cerebral Cortex; Dopamine Antagonists; Drug Interactions; Fluspirilene; Glutamic Acid; Ionophores; Male; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes | 2002 |
[Effect of 4-aminopyridine on taurine-regulated release of amino acid from rat cortical synaptosomes].
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cerebral Cortex; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptosomes; Taurine | 2001 |
Selective depression by general anesthetics of glutamate versus GABA release from isolated cortical nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Anesthetics, General; Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Isoflurane; Male; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptosomes | 2003 |
The adenosine inhibition of glutamate exocytosis in synaptosomes is removed by the collapse of the vesicle-cytosol deltapH plus the opening of farnesol-sensitive Ca(2+) channels.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Adenosine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Calcium Signaling; Cytosol; Enzyme Inhibitors; Exocytosis; Farnesol; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Potassium Chloride; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Synaptic Vesicles; Synaptosomes; Tetraethylammonium | 2003 |
Fluoxetine depresses glutamate exocytosis in the rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals (synaptosomes) via inhibition of P/Q-type Ca2+ channels.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Calcium; Calcium Channels, P-Type; Calcium Channels, Q-Type; Cerebral Cortex; Exocytosis; Fluoxetine; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium Channel Blockers; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Synaptosomes | 2003 |
Is the interaction between felbamate and valproate against seizures induced by 4-aminopyridine and pentylenetetrazole in mice beneficial?
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Chromatography, Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Felbamate; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Pentylenetetrazole; Phenylcarbamates; Propylene Glycols; Reaction Time; Seizures; Toxicity Tests; Valproic Acid | 2003 |
Continuous monitoring of intracerebral glutamate levels in awake monkeys using microdialysis and enzyme fluorometric detection.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Electrodes; Fluorescence; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Macaca mulatta; Male; Microdialysis; Monitoring, Physiologic; Potassium; Potassium Channel Blockers; Putamen; Sensitivity and Specificity; Synaptic Transmission; Wakefulness | 2003 |
A toxic fraction from scolopendra venom increases the basal release of neurotransmitters in the ventral ganglia of crustaceans.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Arthropod Venoms; Calcium; Crustacea; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Invertebrate; Glutamic Acid; Neurotransmitter Agents; Tetrodotoxin | 2003 |
Expression of heat shock protein 70 induced by 4-aminopyridine through glutamate-mediated excitotoxic stress in rat hippocampus in vivo.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cell Count; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Interactions; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Extracellular Space; Functional Laterality; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Microdialysis; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Piperazines; Potassium Channel Blockers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Somatosensory Cortex; Stress, Physiological; Time Factors | 2003 |
A role for Src kinase in the regulation of glutamate release from rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Cytosol; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; Genistein; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; src-Family Kinases; Synaptic Membranes | 2003 |
Morphine inhibits glutamate exocytosis from rat cerebral cortex nerve terminals (synaptosomes) by reducing Ca2+ influx.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Benzothiazoles; Benzoxazines; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Carbocyanines; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Exocytosis; Fluorometry; Fura-2; Glutamic Acid; Ionomycin; Ionophores; Male; Membrane Potentials; Morphine; Morpholines; Naloxone; Naphthalenes; Narcotic Antagonists; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptosomes | 2004 |
Protective cap over CA1 synapses: extrasynaptic glutamate does not reach the postsynaptic density.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Interactions; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Models, Neurological; N-Methylaspartate; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Potassium Channel Blockers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synapses | 2004 |
Adenosine A2A receptor blockade differentially influences excitotoxic mechanisms at pre- and postsynaptic sites in the rat striatum.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Adenosine; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Models, Biological; N-Methylaspartate; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Phenethylamines; Pyrimidines; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Membranes; Synaptic Transmission; Triazines; Triazoles | 2004 |
Zinc inhibits glutamate release via activation of pre-synaptic K channels and reduces ischaemic damage in rat hippocampus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Ischemia; Chelating Agents; Chlorocebus aethiops; COS Cells; Drug Interactions; Edetic Acid; Glutamic Acid; Gramicidin; Hippocampus; Ionophores; Luminescent Measurements; Male; Membrane Proteins; Microscopy, Electron; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Potassium Chloride; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptosomes; Time Factors; Tolbutamide; Transfection; Valinomycin; Zinc | 2004 |
Dopamine inhibits mitral/tufted--> granule cell synapses in the frog olfactory bulb.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Dendrites; Depression, Chemical; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Evoked Potentials; Feedback, Physiological; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Ion Transport; Male; Mammals; Neurons; Odorants; Olfactory Bulb; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium; Potassium Channels; Quinpirole; Rana pipiens; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, GABA-A; Smell; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 2004 |
Synaptic transmission and synchronous activity is disrupted in hippocampal slices taken from aged TAS10 mice.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Cortical Synchronization; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Nerve Net; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Organ Culture Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinoxalines; Synaptic Transmission | 2005 |
Aspartate release from rat hippocampal synaptosomes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Blotting, Western; Botulinum Toxins; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ionomycin; Ionophores; Metalloendopeptidases; Niflumic Acid; Potassium; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spider Venoms; Synaptosomes; Tetanus Toxin; Thiourea | 2004 |
Synaptic depolarizing GABA Response in adults is excitatory and proconvulsive when GABAB receptors are blocked.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Lidocaine; Membrane Potentials; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phosphinic Acids; Potassium Channel Blockers; Propanolamines; Pyridazines; Receptors, GABA-A; Synaptic Transmission | 2005 |
Potential antidepressant LY 367265 presynaptically inhibits the release of glutamate in rat cerebral cortex.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Calcium Channels; Calcium Signaling; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclic S-Oxides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fluoxetine; Glutamic Acid; Ionomycin; Male; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Potentials; Membrane Transport Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes; Thiadiazoles | 2005 |
Optically recorded response of the superficial dorsal horn: dissociation from neuronal activity, sensitivity to formalin-evoked skin nociceptor activation.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Anesthetics; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Diagnostic Imaging; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Fluoroacetates; Formaldehyde; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Lidocaine; Posterior Horn Cells; Potassium; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Skin; Spinal Cord; Time Factors | 2005 |
Properties of synaptically evoked astrocyte calcium signal reveal synaptic information processing by astrocytes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetylcholine; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Atropine; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cell Communication; Diagnostic Imaging; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Xanthenes | 2005 |
Mu-opioid-mediated inhibition of glutamate synaptic transmission in rat central amygdala neurons.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amygdala; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Peptide Fragments; Peptides; Phospholipases A; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Receptors, Presynaptic; Signal Transduction; Somatostatin; Synaptic Transmission | 2005 |
Ginkgolide B, a constituent of Ginkgo biloba, facilitates glutamate exocytosis from rat hippocampal nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diterpenes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Exocytosis; Ginkgo biloba; Ginkgolides; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ionomycin; Ionophores; Lactones; Male; Membrane Potentials; omega-Conotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptosomes; Time Factors | 2005 |
Activation of neuropeptide Y Y1 receptors inhibits glutamate release through reduction of voltage-dependent Ca2+ entry in the rat cerebral cortex nerve terminals: suppression of this inhibitory effect by the protein kinase C-dependent facilitatory pathway
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cerebral Cortex; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fura-2; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neural Inhibition; Neuropeptide Y; omega-Conotoxins; Peptides, Cyclic; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Chloride; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Neuropeptide Y; Synaptosomes; Time Factors | 2005 |
Astrocytic glutamate release-induced transient depolarization and epileptiform discharges in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Calcium; Diagnostic Imaging; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Membrane Potentials; Microscopy, Confocal; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetanus Toxin; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2005 |
Volatile anesthetic effects on glutamate versus GABA release from isolated rat cortical nerve terminals: 4-aminopyridine-evoked release.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enflurane; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Halothane; In Vitro Techniques; Isoflurane; Male; Nerve Endings; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrodotoxin | 2006 |
An investigation into the effect of the type IV phosphodiesterase inhibitor rolipram in the modulation of glutamate release from rat prefrontocortical nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cyclic AMP; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; omega-Conotoxins; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Chloride; Prefrontal Cortex; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rolipram; Synaptosomes; Thionucleotides; Time Factors | 2006 |
Effects of retigabine on the neurodegeneration and extracellular glutamate changes induced by 4-aminopyridine in rat hippocampus in vivo.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamates; Drug Interactions; Electroencephalography; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Phenylenediamines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2005 |
Cerebral neurons of transgenic ALS mice are vulnerable to glutamate release stimulation but not to increased extracellular glutamate due to transport blockade.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Biological Transport; Dicarboxylic Acids; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microdialysis; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Pyrrolidines; Superoxide Dismutase | 2006 |
Late N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blockade rescues hippocampal neurons from excitotoxic stress and death after 4-aminopyridine-induced epilepsy.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Cell Count; Cell Death; Chelating Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Stress, Physiological; Time Factors | 2005 |
Src family tyrosine kinases differentially modulate exocytosis from rat brain nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Brain; Calcium Signaling; Down-Regulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Exocytosis; Feedback, Physiological; Fura-2; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Fusion; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Phosphorylation; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Chloride; Presynaptic Terminals; Pyrazoles; Pyridinium Compounds; Pyrimidines; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; src-Family Kinases; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptic Vesicles; Synaptosomes | 2006 |
Facilitation of glutamate release by nicotine involves the activation of a Ca2+/calmodulin signaling pathway in rat prefrontal cortex nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium Channels; Calcium Signaling; Calmodulin; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Potassium Channel Blockers; Prefrontal Cortex; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Nicotinic; Signal Transduction; Synaptosomes | 2006 |
Cyclothiazide prolongs low [Mg2+]-induced seizure-like events.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Benzothiadiazines; Diuretics; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Magnesium Deficiency; Male; Potassium Channel Blockers; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Presynaptic; Seizures | 2006 |
Pre-synaptic histamine H3 receptors regulate glutamate, but not GABA release in rat thalamus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Histamine; Histamine Antagonists; Imidazoles; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Methylhistamines; Pertussis Toxin; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Binding; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Histamine H3; Synaptosomes; Thalamus; Thiourea; Tritium | 2007 |
Different metabolism of glutamatergic and GABAergic compartments in superfused hippocampal slices characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Acetates; Action Potentials; Animals; Astrocytes; Carbon Radioisotopes; Energy Metabolism; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors; Tricarboxylic Acids; Up-Regulation | 2007 |
Caffeine facilitation of glutamate release from rat cerebral cortex nerve terminals (synaptosomes) through activation protein kinase C pathway: an interaction with presynaptic adenosine A1 receptors.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Caffeine; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Male; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Adenosine A1; Synaptic Membranes; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes | 2007 |
Codeine presynaptically inhibits the glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the nucleus tractus solitarius of the guinea pig.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Codeine; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Male; Membrane Potentials; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Presynaptic; Solitary Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate, the most active polyphenolic catechin in green tea, presynaptically facilitates Ca2+-dependent glutamate release via activation of protein kinase C in rat cerebral cortex.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Calcium; Catechin; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptosomes | 2007 |
Vesicular release of glutamate from hippocampal neurons in culture: an immunocytochemical assay.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Cell Compartmentation; Cells, Cultured; Cytoplasm; Dendrites; Enzyme Inhibitors; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Immunohistochemistry; Macrolides; Microscopy, Electron; Neurons; Potassium; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptic Vesicles | 2008 |
Simultaneous glutamate and EEG activity measurements during seizures in rat hippocampal region with the use of an electrochemical biosensor.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biosensing Techniques; Disease Models, Animal; Electrochemistry; Electroencephalography; Entorhinal Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Time Factors | 2008 |
Facilitatory effect of glutamate exocytosis from rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals by alpha-tocopherol, a major vitamin E component.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; alpha-Tocopherol; Animals; Calcium Channels; Calcium Signaling; Cerebral Cortex; Enzyme Activation; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; Membrane Proteins; Metalloendopeptidases; Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C Kinase Substrate; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Membranes; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes; Tetanus Toxin; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins; Vesicular Transport Proteins | 2008 |
Epileptiform synchronization in the rat insular and perirhinal cortices in vitro.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Cortical Synchronization; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nerve Net; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Signal Transduction | 2007 |
Drug assessment based on detection of L-glutamate released from C6 glioma cells using an enzyme-luminescence method.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Brain Neoplasms; Carbamazepine; Cell Line, Tumor; Enzymes; Flunarizine; Glioma; Glutamic Acid; Lidocaine; Luminescence; Nickel; Nifedipine; Rats; Veratridine | 2008 |
An analytical flow injection system to measure glutamate in microdialysis samples based on an enzymatic reaction and electrochemical detection.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Electrochemistry; Electroencephalography; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Time Factors | 2008 |
Vitamin B2 inhibits glutamate release from rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, P-Type; Calcium Channels, Q-Type; Calcium Signaling; Cerebral Cortex; Exocytosis; Fluorometry; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nerve Endings; omega-Conotoxins; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Riboflavin; Synaptic Membranes; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins; Vitamin B Complex | 2008 |
HSP70 expression protects against hippocampal neurodegeneration induced by endogenous glutamate in vivo.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Cell Count; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electroencephalography; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Male; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Piperazines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors | 2008 |
HDT-1, a new synthetic compound, inhibits glutamate release in rat cerebral cortex nerve terminals (synaptosomes).
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Signaling; Cerebral Cortex; Cytosol; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Isoquinolines; Membrane Potentials; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptosomes | 2008 |
Inhibitory effect of glutamate release from rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals by resveratrol.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Antioxidants; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cerebral Cortex; Chelating Agents; Cytosol; Enzyme Activation; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Nerve Endings; Potassium Channel Blockers; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Resveratrol; Stilbenes; Synaptosomes; Vesicular Transport Proteins | 2009 |
Facilitation of glutamate release from rat cerebrocortical glutamatergic nerve terminals (synaptosomes) by phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylcholine.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Calcium; Carbocyanines; Cerebellar Cortex; Cytosol; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ionomycin; Ionophores; Male; Phosphatidylcholines; Phosphatidylserines; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptosomes; Time Factors | 2009 |
Cyanocobalamin, vitamin B12, depresses glutamate release through inhibition of voltage-dependent Ca2+ influx in rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals (synaptosomes).
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Chelating Agents; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Space; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neuroprotective Agents; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Synaptosomes; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins; Vitamin B 12 | 2009 |
Partial compensation for N-type Ca(2+) channel loss by P/Q-type Ca(2+) channels underlines the differential release properties supported by these channels at cerebrocortical nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Calcium Channels, P-Type; Calcium Channels, Q-Type; Cerebral Cortex; Colforsin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Exocytosis; Gene Knockout Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Phorbol Esters; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synaptosomes | 2009 |
Fangchinoline inhibits glutamate release from rat cerebral cortex nerve terminals (synaptosomes).
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Benzylisoquinolines; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Cell Membrane; Cerebral Cortex; Drug Synergism; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ionomycin; Ionophores; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Endings; Potassium Channel Blockers; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Synaptosomes | 2009 |
Inhibitory effect of glutamate release from rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes by dextromethorphan and its metabolite 3-hydroxymorphinan.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Blotting, Western; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cerebral Cortex; Dextromethorphan; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Endings; Neuroglia; Neurons; Potassium Channel Blockers; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptosomes | 2009 |
Repeated 4-aminopyridine induced seizures diminish the efficacy of glutamatergic transmission in the neocortex.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Cobalt; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neocortex; Organ Culture Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Somatosensory Cortex; Synaptic Transmission | 2009 |
Modulation of presynaptic glucocorticoid receptors on glutamate release from rat hippocampal nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Adrenalectomy; Animals; Cortisone; Dexamethasone; Down-Regulation; Drug Administration Schedule; Glucocorticoids; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mifepristone; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; Spironolactone; Synaptic Membranes; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes | 2009 |
Facilitation of glutamate release from rat cerebral cortex nerve terminal by subanesthetic concentration propofol.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Propofol; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Signal Transduction; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins | 2009 |
Retrograde opioid signaling regulates glutamatergic transmission in the hypothalamus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Animals, Newborn; Benzeneacetamides; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Dendrites; Dynorphins; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Narcotic Antagonists; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Neurons; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Signal Transduction; Synaptic Transmission | 2009 |
Neocortical disynaptic inhibition requires somatodendritic integration in interneurons.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biophysics; Channelrhodopsins; Dendrites; Electric Stimulation; Electroporation; Embryo, Mammalian; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Interneurons; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Mice, Transgenic; Neocortex; Neural Inhibition; Parvalbumins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Photic Stimulation; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2009 |
Preconditioning with 4-aminopyridine protects cerebellar granule neurons against excitotoxicity.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Bicuculline; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Nitro Compounds; Propionates; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 2009 |
Region- and pattern-specific effects of glutamate uptake blockers on epileptiform activity in rat brain slices.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Aspartic Acid; Electrophysiology; Entorhinal Cortex; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptic Transmission | 2010 |
Acute restraint stress enhances calcium mobilization and glutamate exocytosis in cerebrocortical synaptosomes from mice.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cerebral Cortex; Corticosterone; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; omega-Agatoxin IVA; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Potassium; Restraint, Physical; Stress, Psychological; Synaptosomes | 2010 |
Distribution and role of Kv3.1b in neurons in the medial septum diagonal band complex.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Diagonal Band of Broca; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Parvalbumins; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Shaw Potassium Channels; Vesicular Acetylcholine Transport Proteins; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2010 |
Regional differences in nerve terminal Na+ channel subtype expression and Na+ channel-dependent glutamate and GABA release in rat CNS.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Central Nervous System; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Furans; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Male; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Subunits; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 2010 |
An excitatory loop with astrocytes contributes to drive neurons to seizure threshold.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Entorhinal Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures | 2010 |
Memantine depresses glutamate release through inhibition of voltage-dependent Ca2+ entry and protein kinase C in rat cerebral cortex nerve terminals: an NMDA receptor-independent mechanism.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Blotting, Western; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Male; Memantine; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2010 |
Metabolic control of vesicular glutamate transport and release.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Acetoacetates; Animals; Astrocytes; Behavior, Animal; Cells, Cultured; Chlorides; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Exocytosis; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Ketone Bodies; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microdialysis; Models, Biological; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Seizures; Synaptic Vesicles; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2010 |
Idebenone inhibition of glutamate release from rat cerebral cortex nerve endings by suppression of voltage-dependent calcium influx and protein kinase A.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Calcium Signaling; Carbazoles; Cerebral Cortex; Clonazepam; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Dantrolene; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Indoles; Isoquinolines; Macrolides; Male; Maleimides; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Endings; omega-Conotoxins; Potassium; Protein Kinase C; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Pyrroles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Sulfonamides; Synaptosomes; Thiazepines; Ubiquinone | 2011 |
Participation of the GABAergic system on the glutamate release of frontal cortex synaptosomes from Wistar rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Flunitrazepam; Frontal Lobe; GABA Antagonists; GABA Modulators; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Nerve Endings; Phosphorylation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapsins; Synaptosomes | 2011 |
HTDP-2, a new synthetic compound, inhibits glutamate release through reduction of voltage-dependent Ca²⁺ influx in rat cerebral cortex nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Cerebral Cortex; Clonazepam; Cytosol; Dantrolene; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Interactions; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Endings; Neuroprotective Agents; Potassium Channel Blockers; Pyridones; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; Synaptosomes; Thiazepines; Tosyl Compounds | 2011 |
Vinpocetine inhibits glutamate release induced by the convulsive agent 4-aminopyridine more potently than several antiepileptic drugs.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium; Carbamazepine; Drug Interactions; Epilepsy; Fructose; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Lamotrigine; Male; Nerve Endings; Oxcarbazepine; Phenytoin; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Topiramate; Triazines; Tritium; Vinca Alkaloids | 2011 |
Curcumin inhibits glutamate release in nerve terminals from rat prefrontal cortex: possible relevance to its antidepressant mechanism.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Calcium; Curcumin; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Endings; Potassium Channel Blockers; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptosomes | 2011 |
Arrangement of subunits in functional NMDA receptors.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amino Acid Motifs; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cell Line, Transformed; Copper Sulfate; Cysteine; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Kynurenic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Microinjections; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis; Mutation; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein Subunits; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Statistics, Nonparametric; Transfection; Xenopus | 2011 |
Inhibitory effect of glutamate release from rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals by α2 adrenoceptor agonist dexmedetomidine.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Cerebral Cortex; Dexmedetomidine; Glutamic Acid; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Membrane Potentials; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Synapses; Synaptosomes | 2011 |
Allopregnanolone potentiates the glutamate-mediated seizures induced by 4-aminopyridine in rat hippocampus in vivo.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Drug Interactions; Electroencephalography; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Pregnanolone; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures | 2012 |
Activation of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors by endogenous glutamate protects against glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity in the hippocampus in vivo.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amino Acids; Animals; Carboxylic Acids; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrochemistry; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Phosphoserine; Potassium Channel Blockers; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Time Factors | 2012 |
σ-1 Receptor agonist SKF10047 inhibits glutamate release in rat cerebral cortex nerve endings.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Cerebral Cortex; Cytosol; Glutamic Acid; Macrolides; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mitochondria; Nerve Endings; Phenazocine; Phosphorylation; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, sigma; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; Sigma-1 Receptor; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Vesicular Transport Proteins | 2012 |
Hispidulin inhibits the release of glutamate in rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cerebral Cortex; Female; Flavones; Glutamic Acid; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapsins; Synaptosomes | 2012 |
Rapid compensatory changes in the expression of EAAT-3 and GAT-1 transporters during seizures in cells of the CA1 and dentate gyrus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Catheters; Dentate Gyrus; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures | 2012 |
Subventricular zone neural progenitors protect striatal neurons from glutamatergic excitotoxicity.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amidohydrolases; Animals; Arachidonic Acids; Benzamides; Carbamates; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dronabinol; Endocannabinoids; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Ganciclovir; Glutamic Acid; Lateral Ventricles; Lipopolysaccharides; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neural Stem Cells; Neuroprotective Agents; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Stem Cells; Stroke | 2012 |
Coenzyme Q10 inhibits the release of glutamate in rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals by suppression of voltage-dependent calcium influx and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Cerebral Cortex; Clonazepam; Dantrolene; Glutamic Acid; Macrolides; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; Nerve Endings; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapsins; Synaptosomes; Thiazepines; Ubiquinone | 2012 |
Presynaptic inhibition of the release of multiple major central nervous system neurotransmitter types by the inhaled anaesthetic isoflurane.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Acetylcholine; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Central Nervous System; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Methyl Ethers; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Presynaptic; Sevoflurane; Stimulation, Chemical | 2013 |
Tanshinone IIA, a constituent of Danshen, inhibits the release of glutamate in rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Abietanes; Animals; Calcium; Cell Membrane; Cerebral Cortex; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Salvia miltiorrhiza; Synaptosomes | 2013 |
Berberine Inhibits the Release of Glutamate in Nerve Terminals from Rat Cerebral Cortex.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Berberine; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Endings; Phosphorylation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptosomes | 2013 |
Quercetin inhibits depolarization-evoked glutamate release in nerve terminals from rat cerebral cortex.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Antioxidants; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Chelating Agents; Cytosol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Chloride; Quercetin; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium; Synaptosomes | 2013 |
Acacetin inhibits glutamate release and prevents kainic acid-induced neurotoxicity in rats.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Cell Death; Flavones; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Microglia; Nerve Endings; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium; Synaptosomes | 2014 |
Dimebon, an antihistamine drug, inhibits glutamate release in rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Cerebral Cortex; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Histamine Antagonists; Indoles; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neuroprotective Agents; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptosomes | 2014 |
Optogenetic activation of cajal-retzius cells reveals their glutamatergic output and a novel feedforward circuit in the developing mouse hippocampus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Chemokine CXCL12; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Feedback, Physiological; Female; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; GABAergic Neurons; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Interneurons; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Optogenetics; Potassium Channel Blockers; Pyramidal Cells; Pyridazines; Reaction Time; Reelin Protein; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2014 |
Tonic glutamate in CA1 of aging rats correlates with phasic glutamate dysregulation during seizure.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aging; Animals; Behavior, Animal; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Rats, Inbred F344; Seizures; Synaptic Transmission | 2014 |
Increase in the extracellular glutamate level during seizures and electrical stimulation determined using a high temporal resolution technique.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Bicuculline; Calibration; Catheters, Indwelling; Convulsants; Dialysis; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes, Implanted; Electroencephalography; Equipment Design; Extracellular Space; Fluorescence; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lasers; Male; Rats, Wistar; Seizures | 2015 |
Apigenin, a natural flavonoid, inhibits glutamate release in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Apigenin; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Sodium; Synapses; Synaptosomes | 2015 |
Hesperidin inhibits glutamate release and exerts neuroprotection against excitotoxicity induced by kainic acid in the hippocampus of rats.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hesperidin; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 2015 |
A novel method for simultaneous glutamate and extracellular activity measurement in brain slices with high temporal resolution.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Electrophysiology; Extracellular Space; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2015 |
Blockade of presynaptic 4-aminopyridine-sensitive potassium channels increases initial neurotransmitter release probability, reinstates synaptic transmission altered by GABAB receptor activation in rat midbrain periaqueductal gray.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Barium; Cations, Divalent; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Neural Inhibition; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periaqueductal Gray; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Presynaptic Terminals; Probability; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-B; Synaptic Transmission; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2016 |
Xanthohumol-induced presynaptic reduction of glutamate release in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Beer; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calmodulin; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Flavonoids; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Imidazoles; Male; Presynaptic Terminals; Propiophenones; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Synaptosomes | 2016 |
Interneurons spark seizure-like activity in the entorhinal cortex.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Entorhinal Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Interneurons; Male; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2016 |
Failure and rescue of preconditioning-induced neuroprotection in severe stroke-like insults.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Bicuculline; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Coculture Techniques; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Preconditioning; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Ouabain; Rats; Stroke; Time Factors | 2016 |
WAY208466 inhibits glutamate release at hippocampal nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Cytosol; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Methylamines; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin Antagonists; Signal Transduction; Synaptosomes | 2016 |
Neuronal activity mediated regulation of glutamate transporter GLT-1 surface diffusion in rat astrocytes in dissociated and slice cultures.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Coculture Techniques; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Transgenic; Tetrodotoxin | 2016 |
Glutamate-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier Opening: Implications for Neuroprotection and Drug Delivery.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Adult; Aged; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Neoplasms; Disease Models, Animal; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glioblastoma; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neuroprotective Agents; Permeability; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Stroke; Treatment Outcome | 2016 |
4-Аminopyridine sequesters intracellular Ca
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Neurons; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rabbits; Rats | 2016 |
Inhibition of glutamate release by cilnidipine in rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals (synaptosomes).
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cell Membrane; Cerebral Cortex; Dihydropyridines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Glutamic Acid; Isoquinolines; Macrolides; Male; Potassium Channel Blockers; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sulfonamides; Synaptosomes | 2017 |
A-type K
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Dendrites; Dendritic Spines; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Models, Neurological; Neocortex; Organometallic Compounds; Pyramidal Cells; Shal Potassium Channels; Spider Venoms | 2018 |
Piperine-mediated suppression of voltage-dependent Ca
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Alkaloids; Animals; Benzodioxoles; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Glutamic Acid; GTP-Binding Protein beta Subunits; GTP-Binding Protein gamma Subunits; Hippocampus; Male; Piper nigrum; Piperidines; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A; Synaptosomes | 2019 |
Asiatic acid, an active substance of Centella asiatica, presynaptically depresses glutamate release in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Centella; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Indoles; Male; Maleimides; omega-Conotoxins; Pentacyclic Triterpenes; Protein Kinase C; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptosomes | 2019 |
Conveyance of cortical pacing for parkinsonian tremor-like hyperkinetic behavior by subthalamic dysrhythmia.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Globus Pallidus; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hyperkinesis; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Cortex; Muscle, Skeletal; Optogenetics; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Subthalamic Nucleus; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tremor | 2021 |
Lappaconitine inhibits glutamate release from rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals by suppressing Ca
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aconitine; Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Glutamic Acid; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptosomes | 2022 |
Mangiferin depresses vesicular glutamate release in synaptosomes from the rat cerebral cortex by decreasing synapsin I phosphorylation.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Phosphorylation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapsins; Synaptosomes; Xanthones | 2023 |