germacrone and beta-elemene

This study aims to develop a method for determination of beta-elemene, curcumol, germacrone and neocurdione in the volatile oil of Curcuma phaeocaulis, and to provide the basis of the quality control method for the volatile oil of C. phaeocaulis and the related preparations. Based on GC-MS, the 4 main compounds were simultaneously determined, with the internal standard n-tridecane. The Agilent 19091S-433 column (0.25 microm x 250 microm x 30 m) was adopted at the temperature of 250 degrees C, the programmed temperature method (60 degrees C for 1 min, 5 degrees C x min x to 110 degrees C for 5 min, 1 degrees C x min(-1) to 140 degrees C, 5 degrees C x min(-1) to 160 degrees C, 10 degrees C x min(-1) to 240 degrees C) was used. Helium gas was used as the carrier gas at a constant flow rat of 1 mL x min(-1), with an injection volume of 1 RL. Mass spectra were taken at 70 eV; the ion-source temperature was 200 degrees C. The relation time and character acteristic ions for each target compound were determined by full scan mode and SIM, and m/z 85.1, 93.1, 121.1, 107.1 and 180.1 were the detection ions of n-tridecane, beta-elemene, curcumol, germacrone and neocurdione. As a result, beta-elemene, curcumol, germacrone and neocurdione were all detected with good separation. They were all in a good linear relationship within each concentration scope. The average recovery rates were in the range of 98.2%-101%. So, the method can be used to control the quality of the volatile of C. phaeocaulis Val. and the preparations related.

Topics: Acetic Acid; Curcuma; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Oils, Volatile; Plant Oils; Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane

Simple gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods were developed for quantifying eight volatile compounds and 10 sesquiterpenoids, respectively. GC-MS analysis was performed on an HP-5MS capillary column (30 m×0.25 mm i.d.) coated with 0.25 μm film 5% phenyl-95% methylpolysiloxane and selected ion monitoring was used for quantification. Four volatile and previously unquantified monoterpenoids were determined. HPLC analysis was performed on a C18 column with water and acetonitrile as mobile phase. The proposed method, determined 10 non-polar and polar sesquiterpenoids simultaneously, which covered a wider polar range of analytes and had a more perfect resolution. Among them, five sesquiterpenoids were not determined before and some specific components, (4S,5S)-germacrone-4,5-epoxide, curcumenone and dehydrocurdione were completely separated for the first time. Both methods were validated for linearity, limit of detection and quantification, precision, accuracy, recovery and system suitability. The methods were simple, effective, reliable and successfully applied to global detection and analysis of volatile and non-volatile components of steamed and non-steamed rhizomes of Curcuma wenyujin (Wen-E-Zhu (WEZ) and Pian-Jiang-Huang (PJH)). Multivariate statistical analysis was employed to distinguish PJH and WEZ and seven chemical components, including (4S,5S)-germacrone-4,5-epoxide, curcumenone, β-elemene, curzerene, borneol, isoborneol and camphor, were screened as chemical markers. The present study provided a promising method for accurate discrimination of the herbal medicines with the same origin.

Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Curcuma; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Multivariate Analysis; Plant Extracts; Principal Component Analysis; Quality Control; Reproducibility of Results; Rhizome; Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane; Steam

Highly efficient preparations of anticancer β-elemene and other bioactive elemanes were carried out using the natural product germacrone as a renewable starting material. The syntheses were achieved in only 3-5 steps with excellent overall yields (43-54%). An enantioselective approach to these molecules is also described.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Catalysis; Molecular Structure; Palladium; Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane; Stereoisomerism

To establish a HPLC method for determination of 4 components in different varieties of vinegar backed Rhizoma Curcuma.. The method was established by using an Elite Hypersil ODS2 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm). The mobile phase comprising acetonitrile (A) and water (B) was used to elute the targets in gradient elution mode. Flow rate and detection wavelength were set at 1 mL x min(-1) and 214 nm, respectively. The column temperature was 25 degrees C and the injection volume was 10 microL.. All calibration curves showed good linearity with r > 0.999 5. Recoveries measured at three concentrations were in the range of 97.27% - 99.27% with RSD < 3%.. The validated method is simple, reliable, and successfully applied to determine the contents of the selected compounds in vinegar backed Rhizoma Curcuma. The results of the determination showed that contents of the four components in vinegar backed Curcuma wenyujin were relatively high.

Topics: China; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Curcuma; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Rhizome; Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane

Volatile components of Curcuma sichuanensis X. X. Chen growing in Sichuan, China, were extracted by steam distillation and analyzed by using gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 44 volatile essential oil components were identified in the extract of C. sichuanensis X. X. Chen, representing 87.1% of the total integrated chromatographic peaks. The major compounds were found to be epi-curzerenone (26.9%), germacrone (12.4%), isocurcumenol (9.7%), beta-elemene (6.4%) and curzerene (6.2%). The results of semi-quantitative analysis indicated that levels of total sesquiterpene fraction (85.4%) were more than 55 times higher than those of monoterpene components (1.5%).

Topics: China; Curcuma; Flame Ionization; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Oils, Volatile; Plant Oils; Plant Roots; Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane; Steam; Volatilization