germacrene-d and caryophyllene-oxide

The present work involves a systematic review of the chemical composition and biological effects of essential oils from the Annonaceae species collected in Brazil from 2011 to 2021. Annonaceae is one of the most important botanical families in Brazil, as some species have economic value in the market as local and international fruit. In addition, the species have useful applications in several areas-for instance, as raw materials for use in cosmetics and perfumery and as medicinal plants. In folk medicine, species such as

Topics: Annonaceae; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brazil; Humans; Oils, Volatile; Phytochemicals; Plant Leaves; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane

Topics: Antioxidants; Artemisia; Artemisia annua; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Monoterpenes; Oils, Volatile; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Russia; Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane

The chemical composition of essential oil obtained from the aerial parts of Ajuga comata Stapf. was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Thirty-seven components were identified in the oil. (E)-β-caryophyllene (30.9%), caryophyllene oxide (24.9%), (E)-β-farnesene (12.6%), β-eudesmol (3.2%), δ-cadinene (3.1%) and germacrene D (3.0%) were the main compounds in the EOs. The chemical composition of A. comata Stapf. from the Southern Zagros of Iran is reported for the first time.

Topics: Ajuga; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Iran; Oils, Volatile; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes, Eudesmane; Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane

GC/FID and GC-MS analysis revealed germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, α-cadinol and cubenol as major compounds from aril. Germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, trans-caryophyllene and δ-elemene are major compounds in fruits. Germacrene D, spathulenol, trans-caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide are major compounds in leaves. Furthermore, multivariate analysis revealed distinct groups between the composition of essential oils from aril and fruit, when compared with terpene production found in leaves. Lipid composition found in arils could be protected by the presence of non-oxygenated sesquiterpenes, as germacrene D and bicyclogermacrene. Chemical profiles of essential oils from the fruits, arils and leaves of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. revealed different compositions, which could be related to environmental pressures. Thereby, non-oxygenated sesquiterpenes can also work against herbivory, pathogens and predator's attack, emphasising the importance of further studies among terpenes, ecology interactions and plant physiology.

Topics: Fabaceae; Fruit; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Oils, Volatile; Plant Leaves; Plant Oils; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane; Terpenes

This work aimed to investigate chemical composition of essential oils obtained from Zanthoxylum dissitum leaves and roots and their insecticidal activities against several stored product pests, namely the cigarette beetle (Lasioderma serricorne), red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) and black carpet beetle (Attagenus piceus). The analysis by GC-MS of the essential oils allowed the identification of 28 and 22 components, respectively. It was found that sesquiterpenoids comprised a fairly high portion of the two essential oils, with percentages of 74.0% and 80.9% in the leaves and roots, respectively. The main constituents identified in the essential oil of Z. dissitum leaves were δ-cadinol (12.8%), caryophyllene (12.7%), β-cubebene (7.9%), 4-terpineol (7.5%) and germacrene D-4-ol (5.7%), while humulene epoxide II (29.4%), caryophyllene oxide (24.0%), diepicedrene-1-oxide (10.7%) and Z,Z,Z-1,5,9,9-tetramethyl-1,4,7-cycloundecatriene (8.7%) were the major components in the essential oil of Z. dissitum roots. The insecticidal activity results indicated that the essential oil of Z. dissitum roots exhibited moderate contact toxicity against three species of storage pests, L. serricorne,T. castaneum and A. piceus, with LD50 values of 13.8, 43.7 and 96.8 µg/adult, respectively.

Topics: Animals; Coleoptera; Insect Repellents; Insecticides; Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; Oils, Volatile; Plant Leaves; Plant Roots; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane; Terpenes; Zanthoxylum

The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity studies on the essential oils of Hypericum rochelii Griseb. & Schenk and Hypericum umbellatum A. Kern. have been carried out for the first time. Seventy-nine compounds were identified in the essential oil of H. rochelii with n-nonane (24.7%), β-pinene (22.4%), germacrene D (7.5%), n-undecane (6.8%) and α-pinene (5.8%) as main constituents. One hundred and twenty-six compounds were identified in H. umbellatum essential oil with germacrene D (6.1%), (E)-nerolidol (4.4%), n-nonane (4.0%), (E)-caryophyllene (3.0%) and caryophyllene oxide (3.0%) as the most abundant components. Both oils were characterized by the presence of many components which could have numerous applications in food, pharmaceutical and perfume industries. Taxa studied herein belong to the section Drosocarpium Spach, and their intrasectional placement based on the essential oil profiles was discussed. The oils were tested in a broth microdilution assay against five bacterial and two fungal strains and found to have mainly moderate antimicrobial effects.

Topics: Alkanes; Anti-Infective Agents; Bicyclic Monoterpenes; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Hypericum; Monoterpenes; Oils, Volatile; Plant Extracts; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane

The essential oil of aerial parts of Cachrys libanotis L. (Apiaceae) from east Algeria was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Thirty-one compounds were identified, the main components being germacrene-D (18.0%), gamma-terpinene (6.4%), p-cymene (5.5%), caryophyllene oxide (5.1%), and limonene (5.1%).

Topics: Algeria; Apiaceae; Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; Cyclohexenes; Cymenes; Limonene; Monoterpenes; Oils, Volatile; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane; Terpenes

The chemical compositions of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Scutellaria diffusa, Scutellaria heterophylla and Scutellaria salviifolia were separately identified simultaneously by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The main components were determined as hexadecanoic acid (30%) and caryophyllene oxide (9%) in the oil of S. diffusa. Germacrene D (21%), hexadecanoic acid (16%) and β-caryophyllene (13%) were found as major components in the oil of S. heterophylla. The main components of the oil of S. salviifolia were germacrene D (40%), bicyclogermacrene (14%) and β-caryophyllene (11%). Overall, individually 63, 68 and 43 constituents were identified in the aerial parts of S. diffusa, S. heterophylla and S. salviifolia essential oils representing 92.1%, 89.9% and 90% of the total, respectively.

Topics: Chromatography, Gas; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Oils, Volatile; Palmitic Acid; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Scutellaria; Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane; Species Specificity; Turkey