geranylgeranyl-pyrophosphate and ajoene

Because statins and ajoene inhibit the 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase, we evaluated the hypothesis that the cytotoxic effect of these compounds may be potentiated when both are used in combination on tumor cells. We showed that cotreatment of the murine melanoma B16F10 cell with statins (atorvastatin and pravastatin) and ajoene, all at nontoxic doses, dramatically increased their cytotoxicity. B16F10 cell death induced by statins, but not by ajoene, was prevented by mevalonate and geranylgeranylpyrophosphate. To our knowledge, this is the first report that the combination of statins and ajoene, which alters the mevalonate pathway, might potentiate their cytotoxic effects on tumor cells.

Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Atorvastatin; Cell Line, Tumor; Disulfides; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Drug Synergism; Flow Cytometry; Heptanoic Acids; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Melanocytes; Melanoma, Experimental; Mevalonic Acid; Mice; Polyisoprenyl Phosphates; Pravastatin; Pyrroles; Sulfoxides; Terpenes