Page last updated: 2024-08-26

gamma-tocopherol and beta carotene

gamma-tocopherol has been researched along with beta carotene in 34 studies

Research

Studies (34)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's0 (0.00)18.2507
2000's17 (50.00)29.6817
2010's15 (44.12)24.3611
2020's2 (5.88)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Block, G; Helzlsouer, K; Hudes, M; Mandel, S; Norkus, E1
Bellomo, G; De Caterina, M; De Caterina, R; Gianetti, J; Lazzerini, G; Pedrinelli, R; Petrucci, R1
Blanco, I; Chopra, M; Corridan, B; Gil-Martinez, E; Granado, F; Hininger, I; Olmedilla, B; Southon, S; Thurnham, D; van den Berg, H; Wright, AJ1
Rozzi, NL; Singh, RK; Vierling, RA; Watkins, BA1
Jones, PJ; Ntanios, FY; Raeini-Sarjaz, M; Vanstone, CA1
Bates, CJ; Matthews, N; Morison, L; Walraven, G; West, B1
Chen, C; Goodman, GE; King, I; Omenn, GS; Schaffer, S1
Campos, H; Gaziano, JM; Hak, AE; Ma, J; Sesso, HD; Stampfer, MJ; Willett, W1
Askew, EW; Bernstein, PS; Nelson, JL; Schmidt, MC; Von Tress, MS1
Cauza, E; Derfler, K; Dunky, A; Jansen, M; Kostner, K; Resch, U; Winklhofer-Roob, BM1
Ahotupa, M; Gylling, H; Miettinen, T; Nuotio, I; Strandberg, T; Tikkanen, MJ; Vanhanen, H; Vasankari, T; Viikari, J1
Connell, K; Gavara, RY; Inegbenijie, C; Mikhail, MS; Ouseph, JA; Palan, PR; Ramirez, E1
Accurso, FJ; Papas, KA; Pardee, C; Sagel, SD; Sokol, RJ; Sontag, MK; Wagener, JS1
Albert, A; Chapelle, JP; Charlier, C; Cheramy-Bien, JP; Collette, G; Defraigne, JO; Gaspard, U; Giet, D; Haleng, J; Limet, R; Pincemail, J; Vanbelle, S1
Djuric, Z; Duffy, SA; Fowler, KE; Ren, J; Ronis, DL1
Adams-Campbell, LL; Caan, BJ; Chlebowski, RT; Kabat, GC; Kim, M; Neuhouser, ML; Rohan, TE; Shikany, JM1
Chiu, YW; Chuang, HY; Huang, CT; Huang, MC; Liu, HW; Wu, MT1
Chen, C; Frankenfeld, CL; Gao, DL; King, IB; Lampe, JW; Li, W; Ray, RM; Shannon, J; Thomas, DB1
Chun, OK; Davis, CG; Kenny, A; Koo, SI; Lee, SG; Wang, Y; Yang, M1
Bowen, PE; Hwang, ES; Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis, M1
Cho, E; Chun, OK; Davis, CG; Fernandez, ML; Koo, SI; Lee, SG; Song, WO; Wang, Y; Yang, M1
Dukát, A; Ďuračková, Z; Garaiova, I; Mišľanová, C; Muchová, J; Nagyová, Z; Oravec, S; Plummer, SF; Wang, D1
Adrigan, S; Brath, H; Bulla, MT; Marek, R; Müllner, E; Stieglmayer, R; Toferer, D; Wagner, KH; Wallner, M1
Chun, OK; Fontham, ET; Koo, SI; Su, J; Vance, TM1
Adams-Campbell, LL; Ard, J; Heo, M; Kabat, GC; LeBoff, MS; Mossavar-Rahmani, Y; Nassir, R; Ochs-Balcom, HM; Rohan, TE; Zaslavsky, O1
Browne, RW; Messer, LC; Michels, KA; Mumford, SL; Perkins, NJ; Plowden, TC; Radin, RG; Schisterman, EF; Schliep, KC; Schmelzer, J; Sjaarda, LA; Wactawski-Wende, J; Zarek, SM1
Bernhardt, J; Breusing, N; Bürkle, A; Dollé, ME; Fiegl, S; Franceschi, C; Gonos, ES; Grubeck-Loebenstein, B; Grune, T; Jansen, E; Moreno-Villanueva, M; Sikora, E; Stuetz, W; Toussaint, O; Weber, D1
Beresford, SA; Di, C; Huang, Y; Kim, S; Lampe, JW; Mossavar-Rahmani, Y; Neuhouser, ML; Prentice, RL; Raftery, D; Schoeller, DA; Schwarz, Y; Song, X; Thomson, CA; Tinker, LF; Van Horn, L; Zheng, C1
Balagopal, PB; Canas, JA; Hossain, J; Lochrie, A; McGowan, AG; Schettino, C1
Browne, RW; Kim, K; Lesher, LL; Lynch, AM; Mumford, SL; Perkins, NJ; Schisterman, EF; Silver, RM; Stanford, JB; Wactawski-Wende, J; Wilcox, BD; Ye, A1
Banach, M; Cheskin, LJ; Kengne, AP; Mazidi, M1
Abdulla, KA; Bostick, RM; Gross, MD; Um, CY1
Esquivel, P; Frank, J; Jiménez, VM; Montoya-Arroyo, A; Sus, N; Toro-González, C; Warner, J1
Chen, L; Li, H; Ma, Z; Yang, H; Yuan, C; Zuo, J1

Reviews

1 review(s) available for gamma-tocopherol and beta carotene

ArticleYear
Dietary antioxidants and prostate cancer: a review.
    Nutrition and cancer, 2013, Volume: 65, Issue:6

    Topics: alpha-Tocopherol; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Carotenoids; Coffee; Diet; Dietary Supplements; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Lycopene; Male; Polyphenols; Prostatic Neoplasms; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk Factors; Selenium; Tea; United States

2013

Trials

11 trial(s) available for gamma-tocopherol and beta carotene

ArticleYear
A European multicentre, placebo-controlled supplementation study with alpha-tocopherol, carotene-rich palm oil, lutein or lycopene: analysis of serum responses.
    Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 2002, Volume: 102, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; Antioxidants; beta Carotene; Blood Specimen Collection; Carotenoids; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dietary Supplements; Fasting; Female; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Lutein; Lycopene; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Palm Oil; Plant Oils; Xanthophylls; Zeaxanthins

2002
No changes in serum fat-soluble vitamin and carotenoid concentrations with the intake of plant sterol/stanol esters in the context of a controlled diet.
    Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2002, Volume: 51, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; beta Carotene; Carotenoids; Cross-Over Studies; Cryptoxanthins; Diet; Double-Blind Method; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Hypercholesterolemia; Lutein; Male; Margarine; Middle Aged; Patient Compliance; Phytosterols; Placebos; Sitosterols; Solubility; Vitamin A; Vitamin K; Vitamins; Xanthophylls

2002
The association between lung and prostate cancer risk, and serum micronutrients: results and lessons learned from beta-carotene and retinol efficacy trial.
    Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2003, Volume: 12, Issue:6

    Topics: Aged; alpha-Tocopherol; Antioxidants; beta Carotene; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carotenoids; Case-Control Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Micronutrients; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Prostatic Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Smoking; Statistics as Topic; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin A

2003
Dietary modification and moderate antioxidant supplementation differentially affect serum carotenoids, antioxidant levels and markers of oxidative stress in older humans.
    The Journal of nutrition, 2003, Volume: 133, Issue:10

    Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; alpha-Tocopherol; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Body Mass Index; Carotenoids; Cryptoxanthins; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Female; gamma-Tocopherol; Guanine; Humans; Lycopene; Male; Oxidative Stress; Placebos; Xanthophylls

2003
Effect of 12-month statin therapy on antioxidant potential of LDL and serum antioxidant vitamin concentrations.
    Annals of medicine, 2004, Volume: 36, Issue:8

    Topics: alpha-Tocopherol; Atorvastatin; beta Carotene; Cholesterol, LDL; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; gamma-Tocopherol; Heptanoic Acids; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Male; Middle Aged; Pyrroles; Simvastatin

2004
A pilot study on the safety and efficacy of a novel antioxidant rich formulation in patients with cystic fibrosis.
    Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society, 2008, Volume: 7, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antioxidants; beta Carotene; Biological Availability; Child; Cystic Fibrosis; Dietary Supplements; Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Interleukin-8; Micelles; Middle Aged; Pilot Projects; Sputum; Ubiquinone

2008
Longitudinal study of serum carotenoid, retinol, and tocopherol concentrations in relation to breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women.
    The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2009, Volume: 90, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; beta Carotene; Breast Neoplasms; Carotenoids; Female; Follow-Up Studies; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Incidence; Longitudinal Studies; Lycopene; Menopause; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Postmenopause; Risk Factors; Tocopherols; Vitamin A

2009
Fruit and vegetable intakes in relation to plasma nutrient concentrations in women in Shanghai, China.
    Public health nutrition, 2012, Volume: 15, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Biomarkers; Breast Diseases; Carotenoids; Case-Control Studies; China; Cryptoxanthins; Diet; Energy Intake; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Fruit; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Linear Models; Lutein; Lycopene; Micronutrients; Middle Aged; Surveys and Questionnaires; Textile Industry; Vegetables; Vitamins; Workforce; Xanthophylls; Zeaxanthins

2012
Genome damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of diabetic and non-diabetic individuals after intervention with vegetables and plant oil.
    Mutagenesis, 2013, Volume: 28, Issue:2

    Topics: Aged; Anthropometry; beta Carotene; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Diseases; Carotenoids; Chromosome Aberrations; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; DNA Damage; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Female; Folic Acid; gamma-Tocopherol; Genome, Human; Genomic Instability; Glycated Hemoglobin; Humans; Lymphocytes; Male; Micronucleus Tests; Middle Aged; Plant Oils; Risk Factors; Vegetables; Vitamin B 12

2013
Dietary biomarker evaluation in a controlled feeding study in women from the Women's Health Initiative cohort.
    The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2017, Volume: 105, Issue:2

    Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; alpha-Tocopherol; beta Carotene; Biomarkers; Body Mass Index; Carotenoids; Cohort Studies; Diet; Exercise; Fatty Acids; Female; Folic Acid; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Linear Models; Lutein; Lycopene; Nitrogen; Postmenopause; Tocopherols; Vitamin B 12; Vitamins; Women's Health; Zeaxanthins

2017
Effects of Mixed Carotenoids on Adipokines and Abdominal Adiposity in Children: A Pilot Study.
    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2017, 06-01, Volume: 102, Issue:6

    Topics: Abdominal Fat; Adipokines; Adiponectin; beta Carotene; Carotenoids; Child; Double-Blind Method; Female; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Intra-Abdominal Fat; Lutein; Lycopene; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Obesity, Abdominal; Pediatric Obesity; Pilot Projects; Subcutaneous Fat; Waist-Height Ratio; Xanthophylls; Zeaxanthins

2017

Other Studies

22 other study(ies) available for gamma-tocopherol and beta carotene

ArticleYear
Which plasma antioxidants are most related to fruit and vegetable consumption?
    American journal of epidemiology, 2001, Dec-15, Volume: 154, Issue:12

    Topics: Adult; Aged; alpha-Tocopherol; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Biomarkers; Cryptoxanthins; Diet Records; Fruit; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Reproducibility of Results; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vegetables; Xanthophylls

2001
Inverse association between carotid intima-media thickness and the antioxidant lycopene in atherosclerosis.
    American heart journal, 2002, Volume: 143, Issue:3

    Topics: alpha-Tocopherol; Analysis of Variance; Antioxidants; Arteriosclerosis; beta Carotene; Biomarkers; Carotenoids; Carotid Artery Diseases; E-Selectin; Female; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Hypertension; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Lycopene; Male; Middle Aged; Peripheral Vascular Diseases; Ubiquinone; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1

2002
Supercritical fluid extraction of lycopene from tomato processing byproducts.
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2002, Apr-24, Volume: 50, Issue:9

    Topics: alpha-Tocopherol; beta Carotene; Carotenoids; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid; Fatty Acids; Food Handling; gamma-Tocopherol; Lycopene; Plant Structures; Seeds; Solanum lycopersicum

2002
Plasma carotenoid and vitamin E concentrations in women living in a rural west African (Gambian) community.
    International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 2002, Volume: 72, Issue:3

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; beta Carotene; Canthaxanthin; Carotenoids; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Diet; Ethnicity; Female; Gambia; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Lycopene; Middle Aged; Occupations; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Rural Population; Seasons; Vitamin E; Xanthophylls

2002
Plasma carotenoids and tocopherols and risk of myocardial infarction in a low-risk population of US male physicians.
    Circulation, 2003, Aug-19, Volume: 108, Issue:7

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; alpha-Tocopherol; beta Carotene; Carotenoids; Case-Control Studies; Comorbidity; Cryptoxanthins; Follow-Up Studies; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Lutein; Lycopene; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Physicians; Prospective Studies; Risk; Risk Assessment; Smoking; Tocopherols; United States; Vitamin A; Xanthophylls

2003
Effects of LDL-immunoapheresis on plasma concentrations of vitamin E and carotenoids in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia.
    Journal of clinical apheresis, 2004, Volume: 19, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; Antioxidants; beta Carotene; Blood Component Removal; Canthaxanthin; Carotenoids; Cholesterol; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cryptoxanthins; Edetic Acid; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II; Lycopene; Male; Middle Aged; Tocopherols; Vitamin A; Vitamin E; Xanthophylls; Zeaxanthins

2004
Effects of menopause and hormone replacement therapy on serum levels of coenzyme Q10 and other lipid-soluble antioxidants.
    BioFactors (Oxford, England), 2005, Volume: 25, Issue:1-4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; alpha-Tocopherol; Antioxidants; beta Carotene; Carotenoids; Cholesterol; Coenzymes; Estrogen Replacement Therapy; Female; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Lipoproteins, LDL; Lycopene; Menopause; Middle Aged; Premenopause; Ubiquinone

2005
Effect of different contraceptive methods on the oxidative stress status in women aged 40 48 years from the ELAN study in the province of Liege, Belgium.
    Human reproduction (Oxford, England), 2007, Volume: 22, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Antioxidants; beta Carotene; Cardiovascular Diseases; Contraceptives, Oral; Copper; Female; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Intrauterine Devices, Copper; Intrauterine Devices, Medicated; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipid Peroxides; Lipoproteins, LDL; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Risk Factors; Selenium

2007
Levels of fat-soluble micronutrients and 2,6-cyclolycopene-1,5-diol in head and neck cancer patients.
    International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 2007, Volume: 77, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Aged; alpha-Tocopherol; beta Carotene; Carotenoids; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Cryptoxanthins; Diet Records; Female; gamma-Tocopherol; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Lutein; Lycopene; Male; Micronutrients; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Squamous Cell; Oxidative Stress; Pilot Projects; Prospective Studies; Smoking; Xanthophylls; Zeaxanthins

2007
Comparison of plasma antioxidant levels and related metabolic parameters between smokers and non-smokers.
    The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences, 2009, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; alpha-Tocopherol; Antioxidants; beta Carotene; Carotenoids; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Lycopene; Male; Middle Aged; Smoking; Tocopherols; Vitamin A; Young Adult

2009
Plasma total antioxidant capacity is associated with dietary intake and plasma level of antioxidants in postmenopausal women.
    The Journal of nutritional biochemistry, 2012, Volume: 23, Issue:12

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Anthocyanins; Antioxidants; beta Carotene; Blood Chemical Analysis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cryptoxanthins; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Female; Flavones; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Obesity; Overweight; Postmenopause; Uric Acid; Xanthophylls

2012
Effects of heat treatment on the carotenoid and tocopherol composition of tomato.
    Journal of food science, 2012, Volume: 77, Issue:10

    Topics: alpha-Tocopherol; beta Carotene; Carotenoids; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Food Handling; gamma-Tocopherol; Hot Temperature; Isomerism; Lutein; Lycopene; Solanum lycopersicum; Vitamins

2012
Validation of an FFQ to assess short-term antioxidant intake against 30 d food records and plasma biomarkers.
    Public health nutrition, 2014, Volume: 17, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Biomarkers; Body Mass Index; Carotenoids; Connecticut; Cryptoxanthins; Diet Records; Dietary Supplements; Energy Intake; Feeding Behavior; Female; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Lycopene; Male; Reproducibility of Results; Surveys and Questionnaires; Xanthophylls; Young Adult

2014
Effect of a plant sterol, fish oil and B vitamin combination on cardiovascular risk factors in hypercholesterolemic children and adolescents: a pilot study.
    Nutrition journal, 2013, Jan-08, Volume: 12

    Topics: Adolescent; Apolipoprotein A-I; beta Carotene; C-Reactive Protein; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Cholesterol, HDL; Cholesterol, LDL; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Female; Fish Oils; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Hypercholesterolemia; Male; Phytosterols; Pilot Projects; Risk Factors; Triglycerides; Vitamin B Complex; Young Adult

2013
Longitudinal association of measures of adiposity with serum antioxidant concentrations in postmenopausal women.
    European journal of clinical nutrition, 2016, Volume: 70, Issue:1

    Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adiposity; Aged; Antioxidants; beta Carotene; Body Mass Index; Female; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Nutritional Status; Obesity; Obesity, Abdominal; Postmenopause; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Smoking; Vitamin A; Waist Circumference; Waist-Hip Ratio

2016
Serum Antioxidants Are Associated with Serum Reproductive Hormones and Ovulation among Healthy Women.
    The Journal of nutrition, 2016, Volume: 146, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; Anovulation; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Carotenoids; Energy Intake; F2-Isoprostanes; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Linear Models; Lutein; Lycopene; Menstrual Cycle; Ovulation; Premenopause; Progesterone; Prospective Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires; Testosterone; Vitamin A; Young Adult

2016
Plasma Carotenoids, Tocopherols, and Retinol in the Age-Stratified (35-74 Years) General Population: A Cross-Sectional Study in Six European Countries.
    Nutrients, 2016, Sep-30, Volume: 8, Issue:10

    Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; alpha-Tocopherol; beta Carotene; Beta-Cryptoxanthin; Carotenoids; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet; Europe; Female; Fruit; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Lutein; Lycopene; Male; Middle Aged; Tocopherols; Vitamin A; Zeaxanthins

2016
Shorter Time to Pregnancy With Increasing Preconception Carotene Concentrations Among Women With 1-2 Previous Pregnancy Losses.
    American journal of epidemiology, 2018, 09-01, Volume: 187, Issue:9

    Topics: Adult; beta Carotene; Female; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Micronutrients; Pregnancy; Time-to-Pregnancy

2018
Serum lipophilic antioxidants levels are associated with leucocyte telomere length among US adults.
    Lipids in health and disease, 2018, Jul-20, Volume: 17, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Antioxidants; beta Carotene; Beta-Cryptoxanthin; Carotenoids; Female; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Leukocytes; Male; Middle Aged; Nutrition Surveys; Nutritional Status; Telomere; United States; Zeaxanthins

2018
Circulating γ-Tocopherol Concentrations Are Inversely Associated with Antioxidant Exposures and Directly Associated with Systemic Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Adults.
    The Journal of nutrition, 2018, 09-01, Volume: 148, Issue:9

    Topics: Aged; alpha-Tocopherol; Antioxidants; beta Carotene; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet; Female; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Inflammation; Life Style; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Vitamin E

2018
Vitamin E and carotenoid profiles in leaves, stems, petioles and flowers of stinging nettle (Urtica leptophylla Kunth) from Costa Rica.
    Journal of the science of food and agriculture, 2022, Volume: 102, Issue:14

    Topics: alpha-Tocopherol; beta Carotene; Carotenoids; Costa Rica; Flowers; gamma-Tocopherol; Hexanes; Lutein; Urtica dioica; Vitamin E; Vitamins

2022
Diet-derived antioxidants and osteoporosis: A Mendelian randomization study.
    PloS one, 2023, Volume: 18, Issue:11

    Topics: Antioxidants; beta Carotene; Bone Density; Diet; gamma-Tocopherol; Genome-Wide Association Study; Humans; Lumbar Vertebrae; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Osteoporosis; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

2023