fructooligosaccharide and maltitol

To evaluate the short-term digestive tolerance and glycaemic response of several associations of maltitol and short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scFOS) used to replace sugars (for example, dextrose) in foods.. Thirty-six healthy subjects aged 18-60 years were recruited for the study and 32 completed it. The subjects consumed six different mixtures of dextrose, maltitol and scFOS added in a chocolate dairy dessert at a dosage of 35 g. The test days were separated by 2-week washout periods. The subjects reported the intensity of four individual gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, number of bowel movements and stool frequency for the 48 h following consumption of the dessert. A subgroup of 18 subjects also provided blood samples 2 h after intake to evaluate the postprandial glycaemic and insulinaemic responses.. The composite score calculated from the intensity of flatulence, borborygmi, bloating and discomfort was significantly higher (P<0.0001) for all the desserts containing maltitol and/or scFOS than for the control dessert containing dextrose, but remains at the level of mild effects. The number of bowel movements was also slightly increased (P=0.0006) and the stools were softer (P=0.0045) for the first 24 h but not after (P=0.1373 and 0.5420, respectively). Blood glycaemic and insulinaemic responses were lower for all the sugar-free recipes containing maltitol and scFOS in comparison to the control one (P<0.0001).. This study has shown that maltitol and scFOS can be used jointly when formulating sugar-free foods with the benefit to lower postprandial glycaemic response with only a small and transient increase in non-serious GI symptoms.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Blood Glucose; Cross-Over Studies; Dairy Products; Defecation; Diet; Digestion; Double-Blind Method; Feces; Female; Flatulence; Humans; Male; Maltose; Middle Aged; Oligosaccharides; Postprandial Period; Sugar Alcohols; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult

An Ussing chamber technique was used to determine the effects of six indigestible saccharides on net Ca absorption from the luminal side to the basolateral side of isolated preparations of rat jejunal, ileal, cecal and colonic epithelium in vitro. The concentrations of Ca in the Tris buffer solution on the serosal side and on the mucosal side were 1.25 and 10 mmol/L, respectively. After a 30-min incubation, the Ca concentration in the serosal medium was determined and the net transepithelial Ca transport was calculated. The addition of 0.1-200 mmol/L maltitol, difructose anhydride (DFA)III, DFAIV, raffinose, fructooligosaccharide (FOS) or polydextrose (PD) to the mucosal medium increased the net Ca absorption dose-dependently in the jejunum, ileum, cecum and colon preparations. The threshold concentration required to enhance Ca transport and the extent of enhancement of Ca transport differed among the saccharides tested and among the portions of the intestine examined. Among the saccharides tested, DFA IV had the strongest effect on Ca absorption in the jejunum and cecum. We conclude that indigestible carbohydrates directly affect the epithelial tissue and promote Ca absorption in both the small and large intestine in vitro.

Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Calcium; Cecum; Colon; Digestion; Epithelium; Fructose; Glucans; Ileum; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Large; Intestine, Small; Jejunum; Male; Maltose; Oligosaccharides; Polysaccharides; Raffinose; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sugar Alcohols