fibrin and kartogenin

Due to very sluggish turnover at the molecular and cellular level, the healing of chondral damages has been considered difficult. In the current study, the effects of the Kartogenin, a small heterocyclic molecule on chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells was compared to TGF-β3.. Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells were extracted during an elective surgery. Cell viability was estimated by MTT assay, differentiated cells evaluated by histological and immunohistochemical techniques. Expression of cartilage specific genes (SOX9, Aggrecan, type II and X collagens) assessed by real-time PCR.. The real-time PCR assay has revealed the expression of gene marker of chondrogenesis, SOX9, Aggrecan and type II collagen, both in Kartogenin and TGFβ3 groups compared to the control group, significantly (p < 0.05). A low expression level of collagen type X as a hypertrophic marker was seen in cartilage produced by using Kartogenin. Meanwhile, the level of type X collagen protein in Kartogenin group was significantly decreased (p > 0.05) compared to TGF-β3 group.. Kartogenin was suitable for successful chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose- derived stem cells and a suppressor of the consequent hypertrophy (Tab. 1, Fig. 5, Ref. 31).

Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aggrecans; Anilides; Cartilage; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Chondrogenesis; Collagen Type II; Collagen Type X; Fibrin; Humans; Phthalic Acids; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; SOX9 Transcription Factor; Stem Cells; Tissue Scaffolds; Transforming Growth Factor beta3

Recently, cartilage tissue engineering (CTE) attracts increasing attention in cartilage defect repair. In this work, kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive nonprotein small molecule, was incorporated into a thermogel of poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA-PEG-PLGA) to fabricate an appropriate microenvironment of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) for effective cartilage regeneration. More integrative and smoother repaired articular surface, more abundant characteristic glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and collagen II (COL II), and less degeneration of normal cartilage were obtained in the KGN and BMSCs coloaded thermogel group in vivo. In conclusion, the KGN-loaded PLGA-PEG-PLGA thermogel can be utilized as an alternative support for BMSCs to regenerate damaged cartilage in vivo.

Topics: Anilides; Animals; Bone Marrow Cells; Cartilage; Cellular Microenvironment; Collagen; Fibrin; Humans; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Phthalic Acids; Polyesters; Polyethylene Glycols; Rabbits; Rats; Regeneration; Tissue Engineering