ferrous-fumarate and teferrol

Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Chronic Disease; Dietary Supplements; Female; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Follow-Up Studies; Heart Failure; Hematinics; Hospitalization; Humans; Male; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Time Factors; Trace Elements

Treatment of iron deficiency anaemia with conventional oral preparations is handicapped by unpredictable haematological response in addition to potential for irritating gastrointestinal adverse events. Iron polymaltose complex (IPC), a novel oral iron formulation with better absorbability, predictable haematinic response and less side effects was compared with oral ferrous fumarate in 100 female patients with documented iron deficiency anaemia. Clinical parameters (pallor, weakness) as well as biochemical parameters (Hb, serum iron, total iron binding capacity) show favourable changes with IPC; the physician and patient assessment also favour IPC over ferrous fumarate.

Topics: Adult; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Developing Countries; Drug Combinations; Female; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Folic Acid; Humans; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome

The aim of this study was to compare two different doses and means of administration of iron in recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO)-treated very low birth-weight (VLBW) infants. VLBW infants (n = 41) were randomized to one of three groups. Fourteen infants were treated with rHuEPO (300 IU/kg three times a week s.c.) and oral iron (ferrofumarate, 6 mg of iron/kg per day). Another 14 infants received the same erythropoietin dose and intramuscular iron (ferroxypolymaltose, once 12 mg of iron/kg weekly). Thirteen infants were treated with the same dose of intramuscular iron but did not receive rHuEPO. After the 3-week study period, haemoglobin concentrations and reticulocyte counts were similar in the rHuEPO-treated groups and both were higher than in the group not receiving rHuEPO (P < 0.001). In both rHuEPO-treated groups the transferrin receptor concentration increased from 6.8-7.2 mg/l to 10.5-11.3 mg/l.. In erythropoietin-treated very low birth weight infants the iron need for erythropoiesis can be met by oral administration of iron.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Drug Therapy, Combination; Erythropoietin; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; Injections, Intramuscular; Iron; Recombinant Proteins; Regression Analysis; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors

Anaemia is the most common medical disorder in pregnancy with iron deficiency anaemia accounting for the majority of cases. Over 90% of the iron deficiency anaemia is due to red cell iron deficiency associated with depleted iron stores and deficient intake. The two main modalities of treating iron deficiency anaemia are oral or parenteral iron. Ferrous Hausmann (iron dextrin) is the latest iron preparation which can be used for intravenous parenteral administration as a total dose infusion. This study compares the efficacy of Ferrum Hausmann with oral ferrous fumarate therapy in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy. Our study shows that treatment with intravenous Ferrum Hausmann (iron dextrin) resulted in a significantly better level and rate of increase of haemoglobin (p<0.001). Serum ferritin, which is the best indicator of iron stores, was significantly higher (p<0.001) in the intravenous group. Other indices of iron status such as serum iron, serum transferrin and zinc protoporphyrin also showed a significant improvement in the intravenous group compared to those given oral iron. The results suggest that intravenous iron as a total dose infusion is able to replenish iron stores more efficiently, completely and at a faster rate than oral iron therapy, thus providing the fuel for stimulation of full erythopoiesis compared to oral iron. There were also no reports of any adverse reactions with intravenous iron dextrin, whereas there were a considerable proportion of women on oral iron therapy who reported side effects. In conclusion, intravenous iron therapy with Ferrous Hausmann (iron dextrin) is a suitable, effective and safe alternative to oral iron therapy in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Female; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Hematinics; Hemoglobins; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Iron; Middle Aged; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic; Treatment Outcome

It is a challenge to establish the cause of iron deficiency in the absence of obvious reasons. There has been no prospectively validated oral iron absorption test (OIAT) that could confidently confirm or exclude iron malabsorption. The aim, therefore, was the establishment of an OIAT with defining reference values of plasma iron in healthy volunteers.. We included 49 healthy volunteers who received 200 mg of bivalent ferrous fumarate in fasting condition and measured plasma iron after 2 and 4 hours as well as after 3 and 5 days. After a wash-out phase, 23 healthy volunteers proceeded to receive trivalent iron hydroxide polymaltose in fasting condition, and 11 participants were tested without iron.. Reference values of absolute and relative plasma iron after oral iron ingestion could be established. There was a significant increase of plasma iron after bivalent iron intake within 4 hours after ingestion (absolute increase after 4h: from initially 17 ± 4 µmol/l to 35 ± 12 µmol/l in females and from 21 ± 7 µmol/l to 33 ± 11 µmol/l in males, relative plasma iron concentration (defined reference: 1.0) after 4 h: 2.1 ± 0.7 in females and 1.7 ± 0.6 in males). There was no relevant increase with trivalent iron nor without iron. Relative iron increase correlates to iron storage. In general, females had lower ferritin levels and thus higher increases of plasma iron.. An OIAT in healthy volunteers could be established. Its prospective validation using bivalent iron in iron deficiency is desirable.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Female; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Iron; Male; Middle Aged; Reference Values; Time Factors

Iron in the form of oral supplements is routinely prescribed to children to help fight anemia, however tooth staining is a commonly reported complication. This study tests in vitro, the staining potential of two different forms of iron syrup on primary teeth.. Forty caries free primary central incisors were divided into four groups of ten teeth each. The control group comprised of ten teeth immersed in artificial saliva, while the test solutions were comprised of different forms of iron mixed with vitamins such that the iron content of each solution was approximately 100 mg (from 100 to 101.1 mg). The test solutions used iron syrup (Ferrose®, SPIMACO, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia) with iron in the form of ferric oxide polymaltose (FOP), slow release formula (Ferroglobin®, Vitabiotics ltd., London, UK) containing ferrous fumarate (FF and a combination of the two (FOP + FF). All the teeth were then immersed for 72 h and subjected to a protocol developed by Lee et al. to test staining. Color changes were measured using a wave dispersion spectro-photometer (Color-Eye 7000A, X-Rite Gmbh, Regensdorf, Switzerland) on the exposed labial surface at 4, 8, 24, 48 and 72 h. Two-way ANOVA with Scheffe's post hoc test was used to determine significance of difference in shade, while the Kurskull-Wallis test used to determine the significance of difference in clinical staining (∆E > 3).. While all three iron groups showed some amount of staining, the combination of the two forms of iron (FOP+FF) showed significantly lower incidence of clinical staining than the other two groups at the end of 72 h. At the end of 72 h the (FOP) had significantly higher ∆E than ferrous fumarate (FF ) while the combination (FOP+ FF) had a significantly lower ∆E than either group.. In an in vitro model, combining different forms of iron seems to elicit a lower intensity of staining than equivalent doses of a single form of iron.

Topics: Color; Delayed-Action Preparations; Dietary Supplements; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Folic Acid; Hematinics; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Incisor; Iron; Saliva, Artificial; Spectrophotometry; Time Factors; Tooth Discoloration; Tooth, Deciduous; Trace Elements; Vitamin B 12

Although oral iron preparations are widely prescribed to prevent and to treat iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy, comparative data on their effects to the mother, fetus and placenta are limited. In this study, the effects of oral iron polymaltose complex (IPC), ferrous fumarate (FF) and ferrous sulfate (FS) were compared in anemic pregnant rats, their fetuses and placentas. Hematological variables and oxidative stress markers in the liver, heart and kidneys of the dams and fetuses as well as the markers for oxidative stress, inflammation and hypoxia in placentas were assessed. Pregnancy outcome was measured by number of fetuses, and by neonate and placental weight. All therapies were comparably effective in correcting anemia. FS and FF, but not IPC, resulted in liver damage in dams and oxidative stress in dams, fetuses and placentas. FS group presented the highest catalase and GPx levels in dams, fetuses and placentas. IPC, but not FF or FS, restored normal TNF-α and IL6 expression levels in placentas whereas FS-treated animals presented the highest cytokine levels, suggesting a local inflammatory reaction. Anemia-induced high levels of HIF-1α were partially lowered by IPC and FF but further elevated by FS. Most of the negative effects associated with IDA were resolved by IPC treatment. Especially FS treatment was found to elicit hepatic damage in the dams, oxidative stress in the dams, fetuses and placenta as well as inflammation and high levels of HIF-1α in the placenta. Pregnancy outcome of FFand FS-treated animals was worse than that of IPC-treated animals.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Humans; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; Inflammation Mediators; Interleukin-6; Oxidative Stress; Placenta; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Topics: Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Aspirin; Coronary Artery Bypass; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Hemoglobinometry; Humans; Iatrogenic Disease; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Treatment Failure

Iron absorption was directly compared between equivalent doses of ferrous salts and a polymaltose complex using a twin-isotope technique in which each individual acts as his own control. In the first study, bioavailability of iron from ferrous sulfate and the complex was defined at physiologic doses of 5 mg (Group 1: n = 14) and therapeutic doses of 50 mg (Group 2: n = 13). In Group 1, mean absorption from salt was 47.77% (SD 14.58%) and from polymaltose, 46.56% SD 17.07%). In Group 2, mean absorption from salt was 32.92% (SD 13.42%) and from polymaltose, 27.07% (SD 6.50%). In a second study, 100 mg of iron in a chewable formulation was used to compare absorption between equal doses of ferrous fumarate and the polymaltose complex. Mean absorption from salt was 10.25% (SD 6.89%) and from polymaltose 10.68% (SD 4.68%). At all three dosage levels, iron is equally available from salt or polymaltose for hemoglobin synthesis (p greater than 0.20), and absorption negatively correlated with plasma ferritin (p less than 0.01). These two materials may be used interchangeably in the treatment of patients with absolute iron deficiency.

Topics: Absorption; Biological Availability; Ferric Compounds; Ferritins; Ferrous Compounds; Hemochromatosis; Humans; Iron; Iron Radioisotopes; Tablets