ethylketocyclazocine has been researched along with morphine in 187 studies
Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 150 (80.21) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 32 (17.11) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 3 (1.60) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 2 (1.07) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
Authors | Studies |
---|---|
Akil, H; Goldstein, A; Mansour, A; Meng, F; Thompson, RC; Watson, SJ; Xie, GX | 1 |
Eades, CG; Gilbert, PE; Huppler, RE; Martin, WR; Thompson, JA | 1 |
Craft, RM; Dykstra, LA | 3 |
Gulati, K; Ray, A; Sharma, KK | 1 |
Barr, GA; Miya, DY; Paredes, W | 1 |
Chiba, S; Nishida, N; Yasuhara, Y | 1 |
Bhargava, HN; Gulati, A | 1 |
Bhargava, HN; Gulati, A; Rahmani, NH | 1 |
al-Shireida, MF; el-Sharkawy, TY; Pilcher, CW | 1 |
Cook, L; Holtzman, SG; Steinfels, GF | 1 |
Bodnar, R; Pasternak, GW; Paul, D | 1 |
Cone, EJ; Vaupel, DB | 1 |
Negus, SS; Picker, MJ; Powell, KR | 1 |
Abbott, FV | 1 |
Bartness, TJ; Billington, CJ; Herman, BH; Levine, AS; Morley, JE | 1 |
Bettaney, J; Dray, A; James, IF; Ketchum, SB; Perkins, MN | 1 |
LoPresti, D; Porreca, F; Ward, SJ | 1 |
Doty, P; Dykstra, LA; Mattox, SR; Negus, SS; Picker, MJ | 1 |
Goldberg, SR; Schindler, CW; White, MF | 1 |
Clark, WC; Haertzen, CA; Janal, MN; Kumor, KM | 1 |
Goldberg, SR; Katz, JL; Schindler, CW; Su, TP; Wu, XZ | 1 |
deGroat, WC; Hisamitsu, T; Nagel, J; Roppolo, JR; Thor, KB; Tuttle, P | 1 |
Bhargava, HN; Gulati, A; Ramarao, P | 1 |
Craft, RM; Dykstra, LA; Picker, MJ | 1 |
Bueno, L; Gué, M; Junien, JL | 1 |
Cornfeldt, M; Fielding, S; Gorney, B; Locke, KW | 1 |
Doty, P; Dykstra, LA; Picker, MJ | 1 |
Blake, JW; DeQuick, D; Kamerling, S; Tai, C; Tobin, T; Weckman, TJ; Wood, T | 1 |
Hirobe, M; Konno, F; Takayanagi, I; Toru, T | 1 |
Dick, W; Jakob, H; Mertzlufft, F; Nawrath, H; Rupp, J; Sack, U | 1 |
Bronson, ME; Moerschbaecher, JM | 1 |
Deviche, P; Moore, FL | 1 |
Nunan, L; Porreca, F; Sheldon, RJ | 1 |
Bertalmio, AJ; Woods, JH | 1 |
Dykstra, LA; Massie, CA; Picker, M | 1 |
Burks, TF; Fox, DA | 1 |
Larson, DL; Lipkowski, AW; Nagase, H; Portoghese, PS; Takemori, AE | 1 |
Nagase, H; Portoghese, PS; Takemori, AE | 1 |
Ho, BY; Naeseth, JS; Portoghese, PS; Takemori, AE | 1 |
Goodrich, JE; Katz, JL; Solomon, RE | 1 |
Carino, MA; Horita, A; Yamawaki, S | 1 |
Martin, WR; Wettstein, JG | 1 |
Cooper, SJ; Jackson, A; Kirkham, TC | 1 |
Geppert, M; Illes, P; Jackisch, R | 1 |
Buder, M; Fuder, H; Riers, HD; Rothacher, G | 1 |
Hong, O; Khazan, N; Young, G | 1 |
Burks, TF; Deupree, D; Hruby, V; Hsiao, S; Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F; Spencer, RL | 1 |
Inoki, R; Kudo, T; Ohkubo, T; Shibata, M; Takahashi, H | 1 |
Lipkowski, AW; Portoghese, PS; Takemori, AE | 1 |
Russell, NJ; Schaible, HG; Schmidt, RF | 1 |
Schmauss, C | 1 |
Katz, JL | 1 |
Bianchi, C; Siniscalchi, A | 1 |
Adler, MW; Geller, EB; Rowan, CH | 1 |
George, R; Pechnick, R; Poland, RE | 2 |
Hirst, M; Kavaliers, M | 2 |
Burks, TF; Hirning, LD; Porreca, F | 1 |
Eisenberg, RM | 2 |
Krall, S; Lynch, WC; Paden, CM; Watt, J | 1 |
Grace, M; Kneip, J; Levine, AS; Morley, JE; Shearman, GT; Zeugner, H | 1 |
Bucarelli, A; De Montis, MG; Devoto, P; Tagliamonte, A | 1 |
Gosnell, BA; Levine, AS; Morley, JE; Waggoner, DW | 1 |
Khazan, N; Young, GA | 5 |
Cooper, SJ; Jackson, A | 1 |
Bell, RD; Cicero, TJ | 1 |
Aoki, K; Ishii, K; Kajiwara, M; Matsumiya, T; Numata, H; Oka, T | 1 |
Glasel, JA; Myers, WE | 1 |
Hirst, M; Kavaliers, M; Rangeley, RW; Teskey, GC | 1 |
Mansour, A; Valenstein, ES | 1 |
Haertzen, CA; Jasinski, D; Johnson, RE; Kocher, T; Kumor, KM | 1 |
Larson, DL; Portoghese, PS; Ronsisvalle, G; Takemori, AE | 1 |
Goldberg, S; Haertzen, C; Johnson, RE; Kumor, K; Su, TP; Vaupel, B | 1 |
Hiramatsu, M; Kameyama, T; Nabeshima, T | 1 |
Barr, GA; Erickson, KL; Paredes, W; Zukin, RS | 1 |
Barr, GA; Giordano, J | 2 |
Poncet, J; Reny-Palasse, V; Rips, R | 1 |
Hynes, MD; Leander, JD; Reel, JK; Zimmerman, DM | 1 |
Lovett, JA; Portoghese, PS | 1 |
Haertzen, CA; Jasinski, DR; Johnson, RE; Kumor, KM | 1 |
Benyhe, S; Wollemann, M | 1 |
Dykstra, LA; Gmerek, DE; Winger, G; Woods, JH | 1 |
Dykstra, LA; Gmerek, DE; Woods, JH | 1 |
Gormezano, I; Harvey, JA; Schindler, CW | 1 |
Dykstra, LA; Picker, M | 1 |
Brocklehurst, C; Devia, C; Moerschbaecher, JM | 1 |
Michaux, K; Monroe, PJ; Smith, DJ | 1 |
Goldberg, SR; Katz, JL | 1 |
Gormezano, I; Harvey, JA; Lamb, MR; Schindler, CW | 1 |
Spoerlein, MT; Szewczak, MR | 1 |
Bradford, HF; White, EJ | 1 |
Belknap, JK; Danielson, PW; Laursen, SE; Noordewier, B | 1 |
Dykstra, LA; Heise, JW; Picker, M | 1 |
Collins, RJ; Tang, AH | 1 |
Bardon, T; Pairet, M; Ruckebusch, Y | 1 |
Cowan, A; Gmerek, DE | 2 |
Domino, EF; Gwynn, GJ | 2 |
Portoghese, PS; Takemori, AE | 1 |
Huidobro-Toro, JP; Parada, S | 1 |
Buchan, P; Smith, TW | 1 |
Adler, MW; Cowan, A; Tortella, FC | 1 |
Rackham, A; Richard, J; Wood, PL | 1 |
Dickinson, SL; Slater, P | 1 |
Miller, RJ | 1 |
Hein, DW; Herling, S; Nemeth, MA; Valentino, RJ; Woods, JH | 1 |
Ben-Sreti, MM; Sewell, RD | 1 |
Cowan, A; Porreca, F; Raffa, RB; Tallarida, RJ | 4 |
Goodman, RR; Snyder, SH | 1 |
Garzón, J; Jen, MF; Lee, NM | 1 |
Herz, A | 1 |
Jacob, J; Michaud, G; Nicola, MA; Prudhomme, N | 1 |
Fujibayashi, K; Iwama, T; Kubota, A; Satoh, M; Takagi, H; Wada, T; Yasui, M | 1 |
Enger, M; Grynne, BH; Holmen, AT; Maurset, AR | 1 |
Pairet, M; Ruckebusch, Y | 1 |
Rezvani, A; Way, EL | 1 |
Hymson, DL; Hynes, MD | 1 |
Burkard, WP; Flück, N; Müller, PM | 1 |
Livingston, A; Morris, B | 1 |
Han, JS; Xie, GX | 1 |
Hylden, JL; Wilcox, GL | 1 |
Pasternak, GW | 1 |
Akkerman, AM; Bakel, HC; Büscher, H; Hill, RC; Maurer, R; Petcher, TJ; Römer, D; Welle, HB | 1 |
Chang, KJ; Cuatrecasas, P; Hazum, E | 1 |
Holtzman, SG; Teal, JJ | 1 |
Harris, RA; Snell, D | 1 |
Itzhak, Y; Keren, O; Sarne, Y | 1 |
Bonnet, KA; Carr, KD; Simon, EJ | 1 |
Portoghese, PS; Takemori, AE; Ward, SJ | 1 |
Takemori, AE; Ward, SJ | 1 |
Grace, M; Kniep, J; Levine, AS; Morley, JE | 1 |
Hirst, M; Tepperman, FS | 1 |
Brown, DR; Holtzman, SG; Locke, KW | 1 |
Kandasamy, SB; Williams, BA | 1 |
Cicero, TJ; Meyer, ER; Owens, DP; Schmoeker, PF | 1 |
Grace, M; Kneip, J; Levine, AS; Morley, JE; Zeugner, H | 1 |
Boublik, JH; Clements, JA; Funder, JW; Herington, AC | 1 |
Gosnell, BA; Levine, AS; Morley, JE | 1 |
Kattau, RW; Leander, JD; Rathbun, RC | 1 |
Bajorek, JG; Lee, RJ; Lomax, P | 1 |
Holtzman, SG; White, JM | 1 |
Kameyama, T; Nabeshima, T; Yamada, K | 1 |
Dykstra, LA | 1 |
Johnson, KM; Leventer, SM | 1 |
Goldstein, A; Han, JS; Xie, GX | 1 |
Mastropaolo, J; Moerschbaecher, JM; Thompson, DM; Winsauer, PJ | 1 |
Herling, S; Solomon, RE; Valentino, RJ; Woods, JH | 1 |
Lowy, MT; Yim, GK | 1 |
Aleman, DO; Carr, KD; Holland, MJ; Simon, EJ | 1 |
Haertzen, CA; Henningfield, JE; Hickey, JE; Jasinski, DR; Johnson, RE; Kumor, K | 1 |
Chaillet, P; Costentin, J; Marçais-Collado, H | 1 |
Colpaert, FC; Janssen, PA | 1 |
Holtzman, SG | 1 |
Iwamoto, ET | 1 |
Herling, S; Woods, JH | 1 |
McCarthy, PS; Sanger, DJ | 1 |
Moerschbaecher, JM; Thompson, DM | 1 |
Coale, EH; Hein, DW; Herling, S; Valentino, RJ; Woods, JH | 1 |
Herling, S; Woods, JH; Young, AM | 1 |
Castañeda-Hernández, G; Flores-Murrieta, FJ; Granados-Soto, V; Hong, E; López-Muñoz, FJ | 1 |
Fowler, CJ; Fraser, GL | 1 |
Fan, XT; Kitamura, K; Liu, XF; Oka, T; Taniguchi, T | 1 |
Barg, J; Nah, SY; Saya, D; Vogel, Z | 1 |
Hamann, SR; Martin, WR; Parvini, S | 1 |
Gulati, K | 1 |
Bakogeorgou, E; Castanas, E; Hatzoglou, A | 1 |
Farouz-Grant, F; Portoghese, PS | 1 |
Makhay, MM; Poling, A; Young, AM | 1 |
Elde, R; Kshirsagar, T; Law, PY; Nakano, AH; Portoghese, PS | 1 |
Bakthavachalam, V; Bidlack, JM; Cohen, DJ; Gao, P; Mello, NK; Negus, SS; Neumeyer, JL; Zong, R | 1 |
Bartolini, A; Bianchi, E; Bracci, L; Galeotti, N; Ghelardini, C; Guarna, M; Neri, C; Sonetti, D; Stefano, G | 1 |
Benaderet, TS; Bishop-Mathis, K; Dersch, CM; Partilla, JS; Prisinzano, TE; Rothman, RB; Simpson, DS; Wang, X; Xu, H | 1 |
Li, M; McMillan, DE; Wessinger, WD | 1 |
Chen, G; Goddard, WA; Kim, SK; Li, Q; Tan, H | 1 |
4 review(s) available for ethylketocyclazocine and morphine
Article | Year |
---|---|
Narcotic analgesics, their detection and pain measurement in the horse: a review.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Butorphanol; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Etorphine; Fentanyl; Horses; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Pentazocine; Pyrrolidines; Radioimmunoassay; Receptors, Opioid | 1989 |
Endorphins and food intake: kappa opioid receptor agonists and hyperphagia.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Benzomorphans; Butorphanol; Choice Behavior; Cyclazocine; Diuresis; Drinking; Dynorphins; Eating; Endorphins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Humans; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Phenazocine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Satiety Response | 1985 |
Multiple opiate receptors for multiple opioid peptides.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Brain; Cyclazocine; Dogs; Drug Tolerance; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Neuromuscular Junction; Phenazocine; Rabbits; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Synaptic Transmission | 1982 |
Multiple opiate receptors and their functional significance.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Brain; Cyclazocine; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Tissue Distribution | 1983 |
3 trial(s) available for ethylketocyclazocine and morphine
Article | Year |
---|---|
Multidimensional scaling of subjective judgements of drug similarities among ketocyclazocine, morphine, cyclazocine, naloxone and placebo.
Topics: Adult; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Generalization, Stimulus; Humans; Male; Models, Psychological; Morphine; Naloxone | 1990 |
Human psychopharmacology of ketocyclazocine as compared with cyclazocine, morphine and placebo.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Euphoria; Hallucinations; Humans; Male; Morphine; Placebos; Pupil; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Substance-Related Disorders; Time Factors | 1986 |
The psychopharmacologic and prolactin response after large doses of naloxone in man.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Cyclazocine; Discrimination, Psychological; Ethylketocyclazocine; Humans; Male; Models, Theoretical; Morphine; Naloxone; Prolactin; Pulse; Pupil; Respiration | 1988 |
180 other study(ies) available for ethylketocyclazocine and morphine
Article | Year |
---|---|
Cloning and pharmacological characterization of a rat kappa opioid receptor.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Cloning, Molecular; Corpus Striatum; Cyclic AMP; DNA Primers; DNA, Complementary; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Gene Library; In Situ Hybridization; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Kinetics; Ligands; Molecular Sequence Data; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Restriction Mapping; RNA, Messenger; Transfection | 1993 |
The effects of morphine- and nalorphine- like drugs in the nondependent and morphine-dependent chronic spinal dog.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Cyclazocine; Cyclopropanes; Dextropropoxyphene; Dogs; Ethylketocyclazocine; Humans; Morphinans; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Phenazocine; Spinal Cord | 1976 |
Agonist and antagonist activity of kappa opioids in the squirrel monkey: I. Antinociception and urine output.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzodiazepines; Benzomorphans; Drug Interactions; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Methadone; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Nociceptors; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Saimiri; Urination | 1992 |
Agonist and antagonist activity of kappa opioids in the squirrel monkey: II. Effect of chronic morphine treatment.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Benzomorphans; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Nociceptors; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Saimiri; Shock; Time Factors | 1992 |
Effects of acute or chronic opioid agonists and their modulation by diurnal rhythmicity and satiety states on food intake in rats.
Topics: Animals; Circadian Rhythm; Eating; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Satiety Response; Time Factors | 1992 |
Analgesic effects of intraventricular and intrathecal injection of morphine and ketocyclazocine in the infant rat.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Behavior, Animal; Cold Temperature; Ethylketocyclazocine; Hot Temperature; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Morphine; Postural Balance; Rats; Reaction Time; Reflex; Respiration; Spinal Cord | 1992 |
[Evaluation of the discriminative stimulus effect of an enkephalin analog, EK-399, in the rat].
Topics: Animals; Discrimination, Psychological; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Phenazocine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1991 |
The effect of morphine tolerance-dependence and abstinence on mu, delta, and kappa opiate receptors of discrete brain regions and spinal cord of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1990 |
Effects of morphine tolerance-dependence and abstinence on kappa-opiate receptors of rat brain and spinal cord.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Body Temperature Regulation; Brain; Drug Tolerance; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Spinal Cord; Substance-Related Disorders; Time Factors | 1991 |
Vascular effects of some opioid receptor agonists.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Benzomorphans; Calcium Channel Blockers; Dinoprost; Endothelium, Vascular; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Narcotic Antagonists; Norepinephrine; Potassium; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Vasodilation | 1991 |
Discriminative stimulus effects of spiradoline, a kappa-opioid agonist.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Butorphanol; Discrimination, Psychological; Ethylketocyclazocine; Generalization, Stimulus; Male; Morphine; Nalorphine; Phencyclidine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1991 |
Synergistic analgesic interactions between the periaqueductal gray and the locus coeruleus.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Periaqueductal Gray; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reticular Formation; Stereotaxic Techniques | 1991 |
Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic actions of ketocyclazocine enantiomers in the dog: absence of sigma- or phencyclidine-like activity.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Morphine; Naltrexone; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, sigma; Stereoisomerism; Time Factors | 1991 |
Differential cross-tolerance to mu and kappa opioid agonists in morphine-tolerant rats responding under a schedule of food presentation.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Benzomorphans; Chlorpromazine; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Ethylketocyclazocine; Fentanyl; Food; Male; Methadone; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reinforcement Schedule | 1991 |
beta-Funaltrexamine antagonizes the analgesic effects of mu and kappa agonists in the formalin test.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Formaldehyde; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Urination | 1990 |
Differential cross-tolerance to opioids in squirrel monkeys responding under a shock titration schedule.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cyclazocine; Drug Tolerance; Electroshock; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Methadone; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Saimiri | 1990 |
Effects of the opiate antagonists diprenorphine and naloxone and of selected opiate agonists on feeding behavior in guinea pigs.
Topics: Animals; Butorphanol; Circadian Rhythm; Cyclazocine; Diprenorphine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Feeding Behavior; Guinea Pigs; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1990 |
Opioid receptor ligands in the neonatal rat spinal cord: binding and in vitro depression of the nociceptive responses.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Benzeneacetamides; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Ligands; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Naloxone; Narcotics; Nociceptors; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Spinal Cord | 1990 |
Opioid agonist affinity in the guinea-pig ileum and mouse vas deferens.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Male; Methadone; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid; Vas Deferens | 1990 |
Discriminative stimulus properties of U50,488 and morphine: effects of training dose on stimulus substitution patterns produced by mu and kappa opioid agonists.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Benzomorphans; Cyclazocine; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Fentanyl; Male; Methadone; Morphine; Naloxone; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1990 |
Effects of morphine, ethylketocyclazocine, N-allylnormetazocine and naloxone on locomotor activity in the rabbit.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Nictitating Membrane; Phenazocine; Rabbits | 1990 |
Enhanced sensitivity to behavioral effects of naltrexone in rats.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Psychological; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Rats; Salivation | 1990 |
Selective inhibitory effects of ethylketocyclazocine on reflex pathways to the external urethral sphincter of the cat.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Reflex; Urethra; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Incontinence | 1989 |
Effects of morphine in rats treated chronically with U-50,488 H, a kappa opioid receptor agonist.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain Chemistry; Catalepsy; Cyclazocine; Drug Tolerance; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Membranes; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Spinal Cord; Time Factors | 1989 |
Differential cross-tolerance to opioid agonists in morphine-tolerant pigeons responding under a schedule of food presentation.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Benzomorphans; Chlorpromazine; Columbidae; Conditioning, Operant; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid | 1989 |
Central and peripheral opioid modulation of gastric relaxation induced by feeding in dogs.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Benzomorphans; Cyclazocine; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eating; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Morphine; Muscle Relaxation; Naloxone; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stomach; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 1989 |
Mu-opioid component of the ethylketocyclazocine (EKC) discriminative stimulus in the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Cyclazocine; Discrimination, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Fentanyl; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1989 |
Differential cross-tolerance to opioid agonists in morphine-tolerant squirrel monkeys responding under a schedule of food presentation.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Conditioning, Operant; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Ethylketocyclazocine; Food; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Pentobarbital; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reinforcement Schedule; Saimiri | 1989 |
Kappa-receptor mechanisms in synaptosomal Ca uptake.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Radioisotopes; Cyclazocine; Dynorphins; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Nalorphine; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Synaptosomes | 1989 |
Failure of opioids to affect excitation and contraction in isolated ventricular heart muscle.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Morphine; Myocardial Contraction; Naloxone; Norepinephrine; Papillary Muscles; Rabbits; Synapses | 1989 |
Effects of mu, kappa and sigma opioids on fixed consecutive number responding in rats.
Topics: Animals; Buprenorphine; Conditioning, Operant; Cyclazocine; Dextroamphetamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Phenazocine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Receptors, sigma | 1987 |
Opioid kappa-receptor agonists suppress sexual behaviors in male rough-skinned newts (Taricha granulosa).
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzomorphans; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Salamandridae; Sexual Behavior, Animal | 1987 |
Mu antagonist properties of kappa agonists in a model of rat urinary bladder motility in vivo.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Urinary Bladder | 1987 |
Differentiation between mu and kappa receptor-mediated effects in opioid drug discrimination: apparent pA2 analysis.
Topics: Alfentanil; Animals; Azocines; Codeine; Cyclazocine; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Fentanyl; Levorphanol; Macaca mulatta; Male; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
Evaluation of the effects of opioid agonists and antagonists under a delayed matching-to-sample procedure in pigeons.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Columbidae; Cyclazocine; Discrimination Learning; Endorphins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Methadone; Morphine; Naloxone; Phencyclidine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Receptors, sigma | 1987 |
Roles of central and peripheral mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors in the mediation of gastric acid secretory effects in the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Brain; Cyclazocine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Gastric Acid; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Pyrrolidines; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1988 |
Binaltorphimine-related bivalent ligands and their kappa opioid receptor antagonist selectivity.
Topics: Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Male; Mice; Models, Molecular; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1988 |
Only one pharmacophore is required for the kappa opioid antagonist selectivity of norbinaltorphimine.
Topics: Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Stereoisomerism; Structure-Activity Relationship; Vas Deferens | 1988 |
Nor-binaltorphimine, a highly selective kappa-opioid antagonist in analgesic and receptor binding assays.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Animals; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Oligopeptides; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1988 |
Opioid receptor subtype-specific cross-tolerance to the effects of morphine on schedule-controlled behavior in mice.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Cyclazocine; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Methionine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Ketamine; Levorphanol; Male; Mice; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Reinforcement Schedule | 1988 |
Analeptic effect of opiate receptor agonists in rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Arousal; Brain; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Codeine; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Methionine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Etorphine; Male; Meperidine; Methadone; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Phenazocine; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid; Reflex | 1985 |
An analysis of naltrexone and naloxone's possible agonistic actions in the dog.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cyclazocine; Dogs; Drug Synergism; Electroencephalography; Ethylketocyclazocine; Evoked Potentials; Female; Fentanyl; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Reaction Time; Reflex; Reflex, Pupillary | 1985 |
Characterization of opioid receptors modulating noradrenaline release in the hippocampus of the rabbit.
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Clonidine; Cyclazocine; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Hippocampus; Morphine; Norepinephrine; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid | 1986 |
On the opioid receptor subtype inhibiting the evoked release of 3H-noradrenaline from guinea-pig atria in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Benzomorphans; Binding, Competitive; Corticosterone; Cyclazocine; Desipramine; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Etorphine; Guinea Pigs; Heart Atria; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Myocardium; Naloxone; Norepinephrine; Peptide Fragments; Phentolamine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Synapses | 1986 |
Differential cross-tolerance among morphine, methadone, and ethylketocyclazocine--EEG and behavior.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cyclazocine; Drug Tolerance; Electroencephalography; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Methadone; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1986 |
Centrally-administered opioid selective agonists inhibit drinking in the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Brain; Cyclazocine; Drinking Behavior; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Peptide Fragments; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1986 |
[Peripheral analgesic actions of opioid peptides and morphine analogues].
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cyclazocine; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Levallorphan; Lidocaine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Pain; Peptide Fragments | 1986 |
Binaltorphimine and nor-binaltorphimine, potent and selective kappa-opioid receptor antagonists.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Cyclazocine; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Pyrrolidines; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1987 |
Opiates inhibit the discharges of fine afferent units from inflamed knee joint of the cat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Arthritis; Cats; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Morphine; Naloxone; Nociceptors; Pain; Peripheral Nerves; Pyrrolidines | 1987 |
Spinal kappa-opioid receptor-mediated antinociception is stimulus-specific.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Benzomorphans; Cyclazocine; Drug Tolerance; Dynorphins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Spinal Cord | 1987 |
Effects of ethylketazocine and morphine alone and in combination with naloxone on schedule-controlled behavior in pigeons.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Columbidae; Conditioning, Operant; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Reinforcement Schedule | 1987 |
Effect of ethylketocyclazocine on acetylcholine release in guinea-pig brain slices.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Naloxone | 1988 |
Body temperature effects of opioids in rats: intracerebroventricular administration.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Body Temperature; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Etorphine; Heroin; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Pentazocine; Phenazocine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1986 |
Identification of multiple opiate receptors through neuroendocrine responses. I. Effects of agonists.
Topics: Animals; Corticosterone; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Growth Hormone; Injections, Subcutaneous; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Morphine; Phenazocine; Pituitary Hormones, Anterior; Prolactin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1985 |
Identification of multiple opiate receptors through neuroendocrine responses. II. Antagonism of mu, kappa and sigma agonists by naloxone and WIN 44,441-3.
Topics: Animals; Azocines; Corticosterone; Cyclazocine; Drug Interactions; Ethylketocyclazocine; Growth Hormone; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Phenazocine; Pituitary Hormones, Anterior; Prolactin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1985 |
The influence of opiate agonists on day-night feeding rhythms in young and old mice.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Cyclazocine; Endorphins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Feeding Behavior; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Periodicity; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1985 |
Mu, but not kappa, opioid agonists induce contractions of the canine small intestine ex vivo.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Benzomorphans; Cyclazocine; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Dogs; Ethylketocyclazocine; Gastrointestinal Motility; In Vitro Techniques; Intestine, Small; Morphine; Nalorphine; Phenazocine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1985 |
Plasma corticosterone changes in response to central or peripheral administration of kappa and sigma opiate agonists.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Corticosterone; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Phenazocine; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Receptors, sigma | 1985 |
Autoradiographic localization of kappa opiate receptors in CNS taste and feeding areas.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Feeding Behavior; Limbic System; Male; Morphine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Taste | 1985 |
The kappa opioid receptor and food intake.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Benzomorphans; Butorphanol; Cyclazocine; Diprenorphine; Eating; Ethylketocyclazocine; Haloperidol; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Stereoisomerism; Time Factors | 1985 |
Opioid activity of lefetamine.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Methadone; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Phenethylamines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid | 1985 |
The pineal gland and opiate-induced feeding.
Topics: Animals; Butorphanol; Cyclazocine; Endorphins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Feeding Behavior; Male; Melatonin; Morphine; Naloxone; Pineal Gland; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1985 |
Comparison of abstinence syndromes following chronic administration of mu and kappa opioid agonists in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Electromyography; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Morphine; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sleep, REM; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1985 |
Effects of kappa opiate agonists on palatable food consumption in non-deprived rats, with and without food preloads.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Benzomorphans; Cyclazocine; Eating; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Satiety Response | 1985 |
A radiolabeled-ligand-binding technique for the characterization of opioid receptors in the intact mouse vas deferens.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Radioligand Assay; Receptors, Opioid; Vas Deferens | 1985 |
Agonist and antagonist actions of buprenorphine on three types of opioid receptor in isolated preparations.
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Buprenorphine; Cyclazocine; Electric Stimulation; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphinans; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Species Specificity; Time Factors; Vas Deferens | 1986 |
Subclass specificity of anti-idiotypic anti-opiate receptor antibodies in rat brain, guinea pig cerebellum, & neuroblastoma x glioma (NG 108-15).
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; Binding, Competitive; Cell Line; Cerebellum; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Morphine; Neurilemma; Neurons; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1986 |
Mu- and kappa-opiate agonists modulate ingestive behaviors in the slug, Limax maximus.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Feeding Behavior; Mollusca; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Time Factors | 1986 |
Convulsions may alter the specificity of kappa-opiate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Codeine; Cyclazocine; Drug Resistance; Electroshock; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Seizures | 1986 |
Synthesis and opioid antagonist potencies of naltrexamine bivalent ligands with conformationally restricted spacers.
Topics: Animals; Biological Assay; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Cyclazocine; Endorphins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Molecular Conformation; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1986 |
Studies of kappa agonist.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Humans; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1986 |
Involvement of opioid receptors in hypo- and hyperthermic effects induced by phencyclidine in mice.
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Body Temperature; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Hyperthermia, Induced; Hypothermia, Induced; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Phenazocine; Phencyclidine; Receptors, Opioid | 1986 |
Kappa opioid receptor-mediated analgesia in the developing rat.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Brain; Cyclazocine; Drug Tolerance; Ethylketocyclazocine; Hot Temperature; Morphine; Pain; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1986 |
Food hoarding and ingestion in the deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus: selective responses to mu and kappa opiate agonists.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Cyclazocine; Endorphins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Feeding Behavior; Food Deprivation; Male; Morphine; Peromyscus; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1986 |
Morphine- and ketocyclazocine-induced analgesia in the developing rat: differences due to type of noxious stimulus and body topography.
Topics: Age Factors; Analgesics; Animals; Animals, Suckling; Central Nervous System; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Morphine; Naloxone; Pain; Pain Measurement; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
TRH-induced antinociception: interaction with the opioid systems?
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Brain; Cyclazocine; Endorphins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Fentanyl; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 1987 |
Use of beta-funaltrexamine to determine mu opioid receptor involvement in the analgesic activity of various opioid ligands.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Animals; Biological Assay; Buprenorphine; Butorphanol; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Etorphine; Fentanyl; Methadone; Mice; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Nalbuphine; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
Synthesis and evaluation of melphalan-containing N,N-dialkylenkephalin analogues as irreversible antagonists of the delta opioid receptor.
Topics: Alkylation; Animals; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Melphalan; Mice; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1987 |
Ethylketocyclazocine and N-cyclopropylmethyl-norazidomorphine are antagonists of morphine-induced analgesia in frog spinal cord.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rana esculenta; Reflex; Spinal Cord | 1988 |
Kappa opioids in rhesus monkeys. II. Analysis of the antagonistic actions of quadazocine and beta-funaltrexamine.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Azocines; Benzomorphans; Cyclazocine; Diuresis; Endorphins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Hot Temperature; Macaca mulatta; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pyrrolidines; Reaction Time; Tail | 1987 |
Kappa opioids in rhesus monkeys. III. Dependence associated with chronic administration.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Benzomorphans; Cyclazocine; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Macaca mulatta; Morphinans; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Pentobarbital; Pyrrolidines; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Time Factors | 1987 |
Effects of morphine, ethylketocyclazocine, U-50,488H and naloxone on the acquisition of a classically conditioned response in the rabbit.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Cerebellum; Conditioning, Classical; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pyrrolidines; Rabbits | 1987 |
Comparison of the discriminative stimulus properties of U50,488 and morphine in pigeons.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Columbidae; Cyclazocine; Dextroamphetamine; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Fentanyl; Methadone; Morphine; Naloxone; Phenazocine; Phencyclidine; Pyrrolidines; Time Factors | 1987 |
Differential antagonism by naltrexone of the effects of opioids on a fixed-ratio discrimination in rats.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Cyclazocine; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Pentazocine; Rats | 1988 |
Effects of neonatal spinal cord serotonin depletion on opiate-induced analgesia in tests of thermal and mechanical pain.
Topics: 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine; Analgesia; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cyclazocine; Desipramine; Dihydroxytryptamines; Ethylketocyclazocine; Hot Temperature; Morphine; Pain; Physical Stimulation; Rats; Serotonin; Spinal Cord | 1988 |
Evaluation of the direct actions of drugs with a serotonergic link in spinal analgesia on the release of [3H]serotonin from spinal cord synaptosomes.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Calcium; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Ketamine; Male; Morphine; Potassium; Quipazine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin; Spinal Cord; Synaptosomes | 1986 |
Differential protracted effects of morphine and ethylketocyclazocine challenges on EEG and behavior in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cyclazocine; Electroencephalography; Electromyography; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1986 |
Effects of ethylketazocine and morphine on schedule-controlled behavior in pigeons and squirrel monkeys.
Topics: Animals; Columbidae; Conditioning, Operant; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electroshock; Ethylketocyclazocine; Food; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Saimiri; Time Factors | 1986 |
Effects of morphine, ethylketocyclazocine, and N-allylnormetazocine on classical conditioning of the rabbit nictitating membrane response.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Classical; Conditioning, Eyelid; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Light; Male; Morphine; Nictitating Membrane; Phenazocine; Rabbits; Sound | 1986 |
Opiate-induced turning in rats after injection into the ventral tegmental area.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Diprenorphine; Endorphins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stereotyped Behavior; Tegmentum Mesencephali | 1986 |
Uptake of opioid drugs by rat cerebrocortical brain slices.
Topics: Animals; Cell Membrane; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Etorphine; Kinetics; Membrane Lipids; Morphinans; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1986 |
Selective breeding for levorphanol-induced antinociception on the hot-plate assay: commonalities in mechanism of action with morphine, pentazocine, ethylketocyclazocine, U-50488H and clonidine in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Animals; Clonidine; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Levorphanol; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotics; Pain; Pentazocine; Pyrrolidines | 1987 |
Evaluation of the effects of opioid agonists and antagonists under a fixed-consecutive-number schedule in rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Benzomorphans; Conditioning, Operant; Cyclazocine; Discrimination Learning; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Methadone; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Phenazocine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Reinforcement Schedule | 1987 |
The occurrence of cross-tolerance between morphine and ethyl-ketocyclazocine using the tail-flick test: lack of effect of diazepam, phenobarbital, or amphetamine.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Cyclazocine; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Phenobarbital; Time Factors | 1985 |
Behavioral effects of a novel kappa opioid analgesic, U-50488, in rats and rhesus monkeys.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cyclazocine; Discrimination, Psychological; Diuresis; Ethylketocyclazocine; Humans; Macaca mulatta; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Self Administration; Species Specificity; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Time Factors | 1985 |
Opioid control of the ruminant stomach motility: functional importance of mu, kappa and delta receptors.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Fentanyl; Gastrointestinal Motility; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sheep; Stomach | 1984 |
An in vivo pharmacological analysis of benzomorphan binding sites in rats.
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Bombesin; Brain; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Grooming; Humans; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Phenazocine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Stereoisomerism; Stereotyped Behavior | 1984 |
Differential tolerance and cross-tolerance to chronic treatment with mu and kappa opioid agonists in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Arousal; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cyclazocine; Drug Tolerance; Electroencephalography; Ethylketocyclazocine; Evoked Potentials; Female; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sleep Stages | 1984 |
Genotype-dependent behavioral sensitivity to mu vs. kappa opiate agonists. I. Acute and chronic effects on mouse locomotor activity.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Genotype; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred DBA; Morphine; Motor Activity; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Species Specificity | 1984 |
Genotype-dependent behavioral sensitivity to mu vs. kappa opiate agonists. II. Antinociceptive tolerance and physical dependence.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Cyclazocine; Drug Tolerance; Ethylketocyclazocine; Genotype; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred DBA; Morphine; Opioid-Related Disorders; Pain; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Species Specificity | 1984 |
Comparative antagonism by naltrexone and naloxone of mu, kappa, and delta agonists.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Vas Deferens | 1984 |
Differential neuropharmacological effects of mu, kappa and sigma opioid agonists on cortical EEG power spectra in the rat. Stereospecificity and naloxone antagonism.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclazocine; Electroencephalography; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Methadone; Molecular Conformation; Morphine; Phenazocine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Receptors, sigma | 1984 |
Kappa-opiates and urination: pharmacological evidence for an endogenous role of the kappa-opiate receptor in fluid and electrolyte balance.
Topics: Animals; Azocines; Benzomorphans; Cyclazocine; Diuresis; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Sodium; Water-Electrolyte Balance | 1984 |
Peripheral opioid receptors located on the rat saphenous nerve.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Lidocaine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Peripheral Nerves; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Vasodilation | 1984 |
EEG and behavioral effects of ethylketocyclazocine, morphine and cyclazocine in rats: differential sensitivities towards naloxone.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cyclazocine; Electroencephalography; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats | 1980 |
Spinal analgesia: comparison of the mu agonist morphine and the kappa agonist ethylketazocine.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Rats; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1981 |
Opiate receptor antagonism by L-prolyl-L-leucyl-glycinamide, MIF-I.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Morphine; Motor Activity; MSH Release-Inhibiting Hormone; Muscle Contraction; Pain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Vas Deferens | 1980 |
Discriminative stimulus, antagonist, and rate-decreasing effects of cyclorphan: multiple modes of action.
Topics: Animals; Columbidae; Conditioning, Psychological; Cyclazocine; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Morphinans; Morphine | 1982 |
Stereospecific inhibition of oxotremorine-induced antinociception by (+)-isomers of opioid antagonists: comparison with opioid receptor agonists.
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Oxotremorine; Receptors, Opioid; Stereoisomerism | 1982 |
On the criteria for classifying opiate agonists in rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Charcoal; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Gastrointestinal Motility; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1982 |
Kappa opiate receptors localized by autoradiography to deep layers of cerebral cortex: relation to sedative effects.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Autoradiography; Benzomorphans; Brain Stem; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Male; Morphine; Organ Specificity; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Tritium | 1982 |
Tolerance and cross-tolerance studies with morphine and ethylketocyclazocine.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Drug Implants; Drug Tolerance; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time | 1982 |
Differential modification of opiate receptor activity by arylsulfatase treatment.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Arylsulfatases; beta-Endorphin; Cyclazocine; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Drug Antagonism; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Hormones; Kinetics; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Sulfatases | 1983 |
Genetic differences in opioids binding sites and in antinociceptive activities of morphine and ethylketocyclazocine.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Mice; Morphine; Nociceptors; Receptors, Opioid | 1983 |
Comparison of analgesic potencies of mu, delta and kappa agonists locally applied to various CNS regions relevant to analgesia in rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain Stem; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1983 |
The effect of two different buffers on the high affinity 3H-ethylketocyclazocine and 3H-SKF10047 binding to guinea pig brain membranes.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; HEPES; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Naloxone; Phenazocine; Piperazines; Receptors, Opioid; Tritium; Tromethamine | 1984 |
In vivo evidence for benzomorphan-selective receptors in rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Benzomorphans; Bombesin; Buprenorphine; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Phenazocine; Pruritus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1984 |
Opioid receptor agonists in the rabbit colon: comparison of in vivo and in vitro studies.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Colon; Cyclazocine; Dynorphins; Electric Conductivity; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Fentanyl; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1984 |
Dynorphin-(1-13) restores the potency of morphine on the tolerant guinea pig ileum.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cyclazocine; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Peptide Fragments | 1984 |
Nitrous oxide generalizes to a discriminative stimulus produced by ethylketocyclazocine but not morphine.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Generalization, Stimulus; Male; Morphine; Nitrous Oxide; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1984 |
Characteristics of 3H-tifluadom binding in guinea-pig brain membranes.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Benzomorphans; Binding Sites; Brain; Cyclazocine; Dihydromorphine; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid | 1984 |
Binding of [3H]clonidine to membranes from cow neurohypophysis and cerebral cortex of the rat.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cattle; Cerebral Cortex; Clonidine; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Membranes; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Pituitary Gland, Posterior; Rats | 1984 |
[Dynorphin: analgesic effect via kappa receptors in spinal cord of the spinal cords of rats].
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Cyclazocine; Dynorphins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Morphine; Naloxone; Pain; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Sensory Thresholds; Spinal Cord | 1984 |
Intrathecal opioids block a spinal action of substance P in mice: functional importance of both mu- and delta-receptors.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotics; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission | 1982 |
Multiple opiate receptors: [3H]ethylketocyclazocine receptor binding and ketocyclazocine analgesia.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Cyclazocine; Dihydromorphine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1980 |
Bremazocine: a potent, long-acting opiate kappa-agonist.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Benzomorphans; Brain; Cyclazocine; Electric Stimulation; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Macaca mulatta; Male; Mice; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Pentazocine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Vas Deferens | 1980 |
Possible role of distinct morphine and enkephalin receptors in mediating actins of benzomorphan drugs (putative kappa and sigma agonists).
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Brain; Cyclazocine; Diprenorphine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guanosine Triphosphate; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Neuroblastoma; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Sodium; Synaptic Membranes | 1980 |
Discriminative stimulus effects of prototype opiate receptor agonists in monkeys.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Generalization, Stimulus; Haloperidol; Male; Models, Biological; Morphine; Naltrexone; Phenazocine; Prejudice; Receptors, Opioid; Saimiri | 1980 |
Interactions between narcotic agonists, partial agonists andd antagonists evaluated by punished an unpunished behavior in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Psychological; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Phenazocine; Punishment; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1982 |
Differential effect of humoral endorphin on the binding of opiate agonists and antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Cyclazocine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Sodium | 1982 |
Mu and kappa opioid agonists elevate brain stimulation threshold for escape by inhibiting aversion.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Brain Stem; Cyclazocine; Electric Stimulation; Escape Reaction; Ethylketocyclazocine; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Self Stimulation | 1982 |
A comparison of the receptor constants of morphine and ethylketocyclazocine for analgesia and inhibition of gastrointestinal transit in the rat.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Buprenorphine; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Gastrointestinal Motility; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1982 |
Improved assays for the assessment of kappa- and delta-properties of opioid ligands.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Receptors, Opioid; Vas Deferens | 1982 |
Relative involvement of receptor subtypes in opioid-induced inhibition of gastrointestinal transit in mice.
Topics: Animals; Charcoal; Cyclazocine; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid | 1983 |
An investigation of the role of kappa opiate receptor agonists in the initiation of feeding.
Topics: Animals; Circadian Rhythm; Cyclazocine; Eating; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Starvation; Time Factors | 1982 |
Concerning the specificity of the hypothalamic opiate receptor responsible for food intake in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature Regulation; Codeine; Cyclazocine; Dextrorphan; Eating; Ethylketocyclazocine; Levorphanol; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Phencyclidine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus | 1982 |
Effects of opiate antagonists and putative mu- and kappa-agonists on milk intake in rat and squirrel monkey.
Topics: Animals; Buprenorphine; Cyclazocine; Diazepam; Diprenorphine; Drinking; Ethylketocyclazocine; Etorphine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Saimiri; Taste | 1982 |
Peptide and non-peptide opioid-induced hyperthermia in rabbits.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Body Temperature; Cyclazocine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Peptides; Phenazocine; Rats | 1983 |
Opiate-induced enhancement of the effects of naloxone on serum luteinizing hormone levels in the male rat: specificity for Mu agonists.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cyclazocine; Ethanol; Ethylketocyclazocine; Kinetics; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pentobarbital; Phenazocine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1983 |
The effect of the opioid-benzodiazepine, tifluadom, on ingestive behaviors.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Butorphanol; Cyclazocine; Drinking Behavior; Ethylketocyclazocine; Feeding Behavior; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1983 |
Opiate binding sites in bovine adrenal medulla.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Cattle; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Ligands; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1983 |
N-allylnormetazocine (SKF-10,047): the induction of feeding by a putative sigma agonist.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Eating; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Phenazocine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1983 |
Effects of mu- and kappa-opioid receptor agonists on urinary output in mice.
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Fentanyl; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Species Specificity; Stimulation, Chemical; Urination | 1983 |
Differential tolerance and cross-tolerance to repeated daily injections of mu and kappa opioid agonists in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cyclazocine; Drug Tolerance; Electroencephalography; Electromyography; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sleep, REM | 1984 |
Similar anticonvulsant, but unique, behavioural effects of opioid agonists in the seizure-sensitive Mongolian gerbil.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Cyclazocine; Electroencephalography; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Gerbillinae; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Phenazocine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Seizures | 1984 |
Further characterization of the three-choice morphine, cyclazocine and saline discrimination paradigm: opioids with agonist and antagonist properties.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Discrimination Learning; Discrimination, Psychological; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Phenazocine; Phencyclidine; Rats; Sodium Chloride; Stereoisomerism | 1983 |
Ketazocines and morphine: effects on gastrointestinal transit after central and peripheral administration.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Gastrointestinal Motility; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Morphine; Phenazocine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1983 |
Effects of opiate agonists on the conditioned suppression in motility of mice.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Psychological; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Motor Activity; Phencyclidine | 1983 |
Effects of ketocyclazocine and ethylketocyclazocine on electric shock titration.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Electroshock; Ethylketocyclazocine; Morphine; Naloxone; Saimiri | 1983 |
Phencyclidine-induced inhibition of striatal acetylcholine release: comparisons with mu, kappa, and sigma opiate agonists.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Haloperidol; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Phenazocine; Phencyclidine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1984 |
Analgesia induced by intrathecal injection of dynorphin B in the rat.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Injections, Spinal; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats | 1984 |
Effects of opioids on accuracy of a fixed-ratio discrimination in monkeys and rats.
Topics: Animals; Buprenorphine; Cyclazocine; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Erythrocebus patas; Ethylketocyclazocine; Isomerism; Macaca mulatta; Male; Methadone; Morphinans; Morphine; Phenazocine; Rats | 1984 |
Narcotic discrimination in pigeons: antagonism by naltrexone.
Topics: Animals; Columbidae; Cyclazocine; Discrimination, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Meperidine; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotics | 1984 |
Stimulation of food intake following opiate agonists in rats but not hamsters.
Topics: Animals; Cricetinae; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drinking Behavior; Ethylketocyclazocine; Feeding Behavior; Male; Meperidine; Mesocricetus; Morphine; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Species Specificity | 1983 |
Analgesic effects of ethylketocyclazocine and morphine in rat and toad.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Brain; Bufo marinus; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroshock; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1984 |
Progress report from the NIDA Addiction Research Center Baltimore, Maryland (1984).
Topics: Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Compulsive Behavior; Cyclazocine; Discrimination Learning; Endorphins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Euphoria; Gambling; Glucose; Heart Rate; Humans; Morphine; Naloxone; Nicotine; Perception; Respiration; Substance-Related Disorders; Time Factors | 1984 |
Catatonic or hypotonic immobility induced in mice by intracerebroventricular injection of mu or kappa opioid receptor agonists as well as enkephalins or inhibitors of their degradation.
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Catatonia; Cyclazocine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Fentanyl; Humans; Immobilization; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics | 1983 |
Agonist and antagonist effects of prototype opiate drugs in rats discriminating fentanyl from saline: characteristics of partial generalization.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Cyclazocine; Discrimination Learning; Ethylketocyclazocine; Fentanyl; Male; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Phenazocine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sodium Chloride | 1984 |
Phencyclidine-like discriminative stimulus properties of psychotomimetic opioids.
Topics: Animals; Columbidae; Cyclazocine; Discrimination, Psychological; Ethylketocyclazocine; Generalization, Psychological; Generalization, Stimulus; Morphine; Naltrexone; Phencyclidine; Rats; Saimiri | 1982 |
Pharmacologic effects of N-allylnormetazocine (SKF-10047).
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Cyclazocine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Phenazocine; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine; Spiperone | 1981 |
Discriminative stimulus effects of etorphine in Rhesus monkeys.
Topics: Animals; Codeine; Cyclazocine; Discrimination Learning; Ethylketocyclazocine; Etorphine; Macaca mulatta; Male; Meperidine; Morphinans; Morphine; Pentazocine; Phenazocine; Sodium Chloride | 1981 |
Increased food and water intake produced in rats by opiate receptor agonists.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Drinking; Drug Interactions; Eating; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats | 1981 |
Differential effects of prototype opioid agonists on the acquisition of conditional discriminations in monkeys.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Psychological; Cyclazocine; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Erythrocebus patas; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Pentazocine; Phenazocine; Psychomotor Performance | 1983 |
Narcotic discrimination in pigeons.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Codeine; Columbidae; Cyclazocine; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Ketamine; Meperidine; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Pentazocine; Pentobarbital; Species Specificity | 1980 |
Classification of narcotics on the basis of their reinforcing, discriminative, and antagonist effects in rhesus monkeys.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Operant; Cyclazocine; Discrimination, Psychological; Ethylketocyclazocine; Humans; Macaca; Macaca mulatta; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Opioid-Related Disorders; Reinforcement, Psychology; Self Administration | 1982 |
Evidence against the participation of mu- and kappa-opioid receptors in the analgesic activity of ketorolac in rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Ketorolac; Morphine; Movement Disorders; Naloxone; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Time Factors; Tolmetin | 1995 |
kappa-Opioid receptor recognition sites are not modulated by local anaesthetics.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Binding Sites; Bupivacaine; Drug Synergism; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Tetracaine | 1995 |
A method to estimate the potency of the mu-component of an opioid having mixed mu-, and kappa- and/or delta-agonist activities.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naloxone; Postural Balance; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reflex | 1995 |
Opiate receptor agonists regulate phosphorylation of synapsin I in cocultures of rat spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cell Communication; Cells, Cultured; Colforsin; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Ganglia, Spinal; Isoproterenol; Kinetics; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Phosphates; Phosphoproteins; Phosphorylation; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid; Serotonin; Spinal Cord; Synapsins; Synaptosomes | 1993 |
Pharmacologic characteristics of a medullary hyperalgesic center.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Hyperalgesia; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Nicotine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reflex | 1993 |
Differential effects of intrahypothalamic administration of opioids on food intake in naive and tolerant rats.
Topics: Animals; Eating; Ethylketocyclazocine; Hypothalamus; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors | 1995 |
The antiproliferative effect of opioid receptor agonists on the T47D human breast cancer cell line, is partially mediated through opioid receptors.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Amino Acid Sequence; Binding Sites; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Division; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Etorphine; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid Peptides; Receptors, Opioid; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1996 |
Pyrrolomorphinans as delta opioid receptor antagonists. The role of steric hindrance in conferring selectivity.
Topics: Animals; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Male; Mice; Models, Chemical; Morphinans; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Pyrroles; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Stereoisomerism | 1997 |
Establishing morphine and U-50,488H as discriminative stimuli in a three-choice assay with pigeons.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Columbidae; Dextroamphetamine; Discrimination Learning; Discrimination, Psychological; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Generalization, Response; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics | 1998 |
NTI4F: a non-peptide fluorescent probe selective for functional delta opioid receptors.
Topics: Animals; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Cell Line; Dogs; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Fluorescent Dyes; Imides; Microscopy, Confocal; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Morphine; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Transfection | 1998 |
Synthesis and opioid receptor affinity of morphinan and benzomorphan derivatives: mixed kappa agonists and mu agonists/antagonists as potential pharmacotherapeutics for cocaine dependence.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Animals; Benzomorphans; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphinans; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain; Pain Measurement; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2000 |
Endogenous morphine modulates acute thermonociception in mice.
Topics: Acute Disease; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Buffers; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Ethylketocyclazocine; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hyperalgesia; Immunoglobulin G; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Motor Activity; Nociceptors; Opioid Peptides; Skin Temperature | 2002 |
Differential effects of opioid agonists on G protein expression in CHO cells expressing cloned human opioid receptors.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Benzamides; Blotting, Western; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Cricetulus; Diterpenes, Clerodane; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Etorphine; Female; Furans; Gene Expression; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, G12-G13; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go; Humans; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Piperazines; Pyrones; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2008 |
Drug discrimination in pigeons trained to discriminate among morphine, U50488, a combination of these drugs, and saline.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Butorphanol; Columbidae; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pentazocine; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reinforcement Schedule; Sodium Chloride | 2011 |
Predicted structures for kappa opioid G-protein coupled receptor bound to selective agonists.
Topics: Benzomorphans; Binding Sites; Drug Design; Ethylketocyclazocine; Humans; Ligands; Models, Molecular; Molecular Docking Simulation; Morphine; Nalorphine; Pentazocine; Protein Conformation; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2015 |