ethyl acetate has been researched along with 2-methylpentane in 138 studies
Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 5 (3.62) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 9 (6.52) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 22 (15.94) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 82 (59.42) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 20 (14.49) | 2.80 |
Authors | Studies |
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Baumann, K; Stiefl, N | 1 |
Horiguchi, S; Iguchi, H; Ikeda, M; Iwami, O; Kawai, T; Mizunuma, K; Uchida, Y; Yasugi, T | 1 |
Horiguchi, S; Ikeda, M; Kawai, T; Mizunuma, K; Yasugi, T | 1 |
Pires, ML; Shiotsuki, N; Silva-Filho, AR | 1 |
Ito, Y; Oka, F; Oka, H | 1 |
Högberg, J; Holmberg, B; Johanson, G; Löf, A; Lundberg, P; Wennberg, A | 1 |
Marko, V; Radová, K; Soltés, L | 1 |
Akerstedt, T; Anderzén, I; Bradley, T; Gillberg, M; Hjemdahl, P; Larsson, PT; Lundberg, U; Sigurdsson, K | 1 |
Kyne, F; Maguire, S; UaConaill, D | 1 |
Leyden, JJ; McGinley, KJ; Nordstrom, KM; Schmus, HG | 1 |
Ochsner, AB; Sokoloski, TD | 1 |
Akaho, E; Hussain, A; Iga, K; Kraal, J | 1 |
Hansson, C | 1 |
Wang, T | 1 |
Baccolo, TP; Biagi, M; Giuntoli, P; Rosati, MV; Tomao, E; Tomei, F | 1 |
Higashikawa, K; Horiguchi, S; Ikeda, M; Kawai, T; Miyama, Y; Sakamoto, K; Zhang, ZW | 1 |
Paramashivappa, R; Phani Kumar, P; Srinivasa Rao, A; Subba Rao, PV; Vithayathil, PJ | 1 |
Bedir, E; Harries, MD; Khan, IA; Salah, MA; Toyang, NJ; Wedge, DE | 1 |
Argolo, AC; Coelho, LC; Pletsch, M; Sant'Ana, AE | 1 |
Ikeda, N; Ishimoto, H; Kato, Y; Matsuo, M; Minamino, M; Sakaguchi, I | 1 |
Bachar, SC; Chowdhury, KK; Kundu, JK; Roy, SC; Saha, A | 1 |
Bergamo, DC; França, Sde C; Pereira, JO; Pereira, JV; Pietro, RC; Silva-Sousa, YT | 1 |
Al-Dabbas, MM; Fujii, M; Hou, DX; Kitahara, K; Suganuma, T | 1 |
Duraipandiyan, V; Ignacimuthu, S | 1 |
Chen, IS; Chen, YC; Don, MJ; Kuo, YC; Tsai, WJ; Wu, MH | 1 |
Doerge, DR; Helferich, WG; Ju, YH | 1 |
Jia, N; Wang, ZJ; Zhou, YQ | 1 |
Cechinel Filho, V; Comunello, E; de Andrade, SF; Monache, FD; Niero, R; Noldin, VF | 1 |
Hyun, JW; Jee, Y; Jeong, J; Kim, H; Kim, J; Kim, SH; Lee, J; Lee, NH; Moon, C; Moon, MY; Park, JW; Shin, T | 1 |
Angelina, M; Banjarnahor, SD; Dewi, RT; Dewijanti, ID; Hanafi, M; Iskandar, YM; Kardono, LB | 1 |
Chen, L; Hewitson, P; Ignatova, S; Sutherland, I; Ye, H | 1 |
Friesen, JB; Pauli, GF | 1 |
Guzlek, H; Janaway, L; Wood, PL | 1 |
Bilia, AR; Karioti, A; Vincieri, FF | 1 |
Chimuka, L; Cukrowska, E; Mhaka, B; Nemulenzi, O; Ramström, O; Tutu, H | 1 |
He, S; Jiang, L; Lu, Y; Pan, Y; Wu, B; Zhang, F | 1 |
Birkemeyer, C; Grötzinger, K; Hutschenreuther, A; Rauwald, HW; Straubinger, RK | 1 |
Bu, Y; Choi, H; Jamakattel-Pandit, N; Kim, H; Kim, J; Kim, MY; Leem, KH; Moon, S | 1 |
Chen, X; Jiang, H; Lin, Y; Wang, H; Wang, J; Wen, Y; Xie, Y; Zheng, W; Zhou, J | 1 |
Du, J; Duan, W; Guo, X; Liu, Y; Wang, X | 1 |
Bhutani, KK; Dey, CS; Kaur, A; Sharma, SS; Singh, IP; Singh, R | 1 |
Chen, D; Dai, M; Huang, L; Liu, Z; Pan, Y; Peng, D; Tao, Y; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Yuan, Z; Zhang, H | 1 |
Cimino, F; Cristani, M; D'Arrigo, M; Rao, F; Ruberto, G; Saija, A; Siracusa, L; Trombetta, D | 1 |
Ai, T; Gu, P; Kattamuri, PV; Li, G; Pindi, S; Shi, M; Sun, Y | 1 |
Dong, H; Duan, W; Fang, L; Huang, L; Wang, X; Zhang, Y | 1 |
Costela, A; García-Moreno, I; Martín, V; Pérez-Ojeda, ME; Xiao, Y; Zhang, D | 1 |
Gilani, AH; Shah, AJ | 1 |
Ahmad, B; Ali, N; Azam, S; Bashir, S; Khan, I | 1 |
Chen, H; Chen, X; Deng, Y; He, K; Li, X; Ye, X; Yuan, L | 1 |
Ferreira, IM; Novo, P; Pinho, O; Viegas, O | 1 |
Caballero-Loscos, MJ; Maynar-Mariño, JI; Maynar-Mariño, M; Olcina-Camacho, GJ; Robles-Gil, MC; Toribio-Delgado, AF | 1 |
Csupor, D; Forgo, P; Havyarimana, L; Hohmann, J; Kuiate, JR; Tamokou, Jde D; Tane, P; Tatsimo, SJ | 1 |
Barnard, DR; Kovendan, K; Murugan, K; Vincent, S | 1 |
Abdul Wahab, N; Manickam, S; Ramasamy, S; Zainal Abidin, N; Zakaria, Z | 1 |
Cheong, JH; Kang, TJ; Lee, GS; Yim, D | 1 |
González-Ramírez, A; González-Trujano, ME; López-Muñoz Francisco, J; Pellicer, F | 1 |
Chaturvedi, AP; Pandey, N; Tripathi, YB | 1 |
Aubert, G; Beedessee, G; Cresteil, T; Eloy, L; Marie, DEP; Ramanjooloo, A; Soest, RWMV; Surnam-Boodhun, R | 1 |
Gomes, RL; Pilkington, JL; Preston, C | 1 |
Hu, Y; Ji, L; Luo, Y; Yan, G | 1 |
Balkhi, MU; Bhat, TM; Dar, SA; Ganai, FA; Sharma, P; Yousuf, AR | 1 |
Chauhan, RS; Chaurasia, OP; Dhar, P; Kumar, J; Sharma, M; Srivastava, RB; Tayade, AB | 1 |
Alarcón, J; Avila, JG; Céspedes, CL; Kubo, I; Muñoz, E; Werner, E | 1 |
Aristizábal, M; Benjumea, D; López, J; Patiño, AC; Quintana, JC | 1 |
Ashraf, N; Gul, F; Hussain, S; Khan, H; Khan, MA | 1 |
Clarke, AM; Green, E; Manyi-Loh, CE; Ndip, RN | 1 |
Li, J; Tan, S; Ye, H; Zhou, C | 1 |
Chandrasekaran, M; Kalaivanan, C; Venkatesalu, V | 1 |
Artanti, N; Kardono, LB; Sukiman, H; Tachibana, S | 1 |
Alves Carvalho da Silva, R; Arcanjo, DD; Cavalcanti Dos Santos, BH; Cerqueira Fontinele, F; Dantas Lopes, JA; de Abreu, AP; Douglas Melo Coutinho, H; Freire de Medeiros, Md; Lopes Citó, AM; Medeiros Barreto, H; Oliveira de Sousa, T; Pereira de Oliveira, A | 1 |
Chen, XQ; Liang, YZ; Lu, HM; Qin, YH; Ren, DB; Yun, YH | 2 |
Cheel, J; Garrard, I; Hrouzek, P; Ignatova, S; Kopecký, J; Kučerová, P | 1 |
Lei, L; Li, N; Nian, L; Wang, Z; Yang, X; Yu, A; Zhang, H; Zhang, L | 1 |
Dar, AA; Gupta, N; Khan, I; Kitchlu, S; Koul, S; Kumar, A; Qaudri, A; Sangwan, PL; Tasduq, SA | 1 |
Chen, X; Jiang, X; Liu, Q; Xie, Y; Yang, H; Yu, J; Zhou, J | 1 |
Ahamed, SK; Dewan, SM; Hassan, MM; Hossain, MM; Islam, MS; Istiaq, A; Moghal, MM | 1 |
Dastagar, SG; Jayamurthy, H; Pandey, A; Valappil Sajna, K | 1 |
Dasbasi, T; Ozdemir, U; Sacar, H; Sivrikoz, ON; Uyar, B | 1 |
Ahmad, S; Ayaz, M; Sadiq, A; Ullah, F; Zeb, A | 1 |
Krishnamurthy, PT; Patel, V; Vardarajalu, A; Wadhwani, A | 1 |
Chen, XQ; Deng, BC; Liang, YZ; Lu, HM; Qin, YH; Ren, DB; Yi, LZ; Yun, YH | 1 |
Sukito, A; Tachibana, S | 1 |
Cai, LY; Feng, RH; Guo, DA; Hou, JJ; Jiang, BH; Liu, X; Pan, HQ; Qi, P; Wu, WY; Yang, M; Yang, W; Yao, S; Zhang, YB | 1 |
Boonsiri, P; Chaiyarit, P; Daduang, J; Khampitak, T; Promraksa, B; Rattanata, N; Tangrassameeprasert, R; Tavichakorntrakool, R | 1 |
El Aouni, MH; El Mokni, R; Faidi, K; Hammami, S; Joshi, RK; Mighri, Z | 1 |
Lü, H; Shan, H; Song, J; Sun, Z | 1 |
Ding, C; He, Y; Suo, Y; Wang, H; Wang, X | 1 |
da Silva, LM; de Miranda Silva, C; Donadi, EA; Lanchote, VL; Rocha, A; Tozatto, E | 1 |
Ji, X; Jiang, B; Li, G; Shen, M; Sun, H; Xu, Z; Yang, B | 1 |
Coronado-Aceves, EW; Garibay-Escobar, A; López-Cervantes, J; Robles-Zepeda, RE; Sánchez-Escalante, JJ; Sánchez-Machado, DI; Velázquez, C | 1 |
Akiyama, H; Nemoto, S; Saito-Shida, S; Teshima, R | 1 |
Erastov, AA; Kostanyan, AE | 1 |
Achtak, H; Badou, A; El Azhary, K; El Hou, A; El Khachibi, M; Habti, N; Moutia, M; Nadifi, S; Tabyaoui, I; Tahiri Jouti, N | 1 |
Arioli, F; Britti, D; Chiesa, LM; Galbiati, F; Labella, GF; Panseri, S; Villa, R | 1 |
Ahmad, B; Ara, G; Azam, S; Bashir, S; Hafeez, N; Khan, I | 1 |
Dong, Y; Fan, M; Gu, D; Guo, H; Guo, X; Li, H; Wang, J; Wang, M; Wang, Y; Yang, Y | 1 |
Chang, FR; Hunyadi, A; Issaadi, HM; Tsai, YC | 1 |
Abbasi, MA; Ajaib, M; Rehman, A; Saleem, H; Siddiqui, SZ | 1 |
Gadalla, SA; Taha, SM | 1 |
Ahmad, B; Ali, J; Bacha, N; Bakht, J; Khan, AA; Lutfullah, G | 1 |
Arya, KR; Chaturvedi, P; Datta, D; Kumar, B; Meena, S; Sahu, N; Shukla, V | 1 |
Chen, B; Li, W; Liu, Z; Sun, Y; Wang, Y; Zhang, Y | 1 |
Choi, GJ; Choi, YH; Dang, QL; Han, JW; Jang, KS; Kim, H; Shim, SH | 1 |
Ahmed, F; Dar, A; Hassan, S; Imran, S; Khan, F; Siddiqui, S | 1 |
Farid, S; Khan, I; Khan, ZU; Perveen, A; Sardar, AA | 1 |
Alves, RN; Arranz, JCE; da Silva, CF; da Silva, MS; Pacheco, AO; Tavares, JF | 1 |
Azevedo, DA; Figueiredo, FS; Leitão, GG; Milato, JV; Ribeiro, CAB; Silva, RSF | 1 |
Demirtas, I; Rahman, A; Rahman, M | 1 |
Jiyane, PC; Musonge, P; Tumba, K | 1 |
Asker, AM; Ayesh, A; Benchoula, K; Ei-Seedi, HR; Elkhateeb, A; Gomaa, M; Hamza, Z; Keshk, HM; Khalifa, SAM; Mansour, HM; Salem, MM; Soliman, K; Yosri, N | 1 |
Arruda, MSP; de Souza Júnior, AA; Felippe, LG; Finato, AC; Fraga-Silva, TF; Furlan, M; Golim, MA; Mazzeu, BF; Pinto, RA; Prati, AUC; Venturini, J | 1 |
Ahmad, A; Ahmad, P; Arora, S; Bhardwaj, R; Ganaie, MA; Gautam, V; Kazi, M; Kohli, SK; Raish, M | 1 |
Bruns, RE; Guizellini, FC; Marcheafave, GG; Rakocevic, M; Scarminio, IS; Soares, PK | 1 |
Abolhasani, MH; Azin, M; Goodarzi, MT; Kassaee, SM; Safavi, M | 1 |
Aghaei, A; Forouzanfar, F; Rakhshandeh, H; Vahedi, MM | 1 |
Choi, AH; Joung, EJ; Kim, HR; Kim, NG; Kwon, M; Lee, SG; Lim, S; Shin, T | 1 |
Hatcher, LE; Roberts, KJ; Turner, TD; Wilson, CC | 1 |
Yu, R; Zhang, C; Zhang, L | 1 |
Amorim, ML; Batista-Silva, W; Martins, MA; Soares, J; Vieira, BB | 1 |
Di, D; Huang, D; Liu, B; Liu, J; Pei, D | 1 |
Abrar, M; Asmilia, N; Fahrimal, Y; Rinidar, R | 1 |
Han, SB; Im, H; Kim, KH; Lee, JE; Oh, HB | 1 |
Kamkar-Del, Y; Mohebbati, R; Shafei, MN | 1 |
Cai, X; Huang, B; Tang, J; Xiao, M; Xue, H | 1 |
Chen, Z; Jiang, H; Li, Y; Su, B; Tian, Z; Wang, X; Xu, J; Zhang, Y | 1 |
Alves Stefanello, MÉ; Lemos de Sá, E; Mesquita Fonseca, M; Salvador, MJ; Winiewski, V | 1 |
Chen, T; Cui, Y; Gu, X; Li, S; Li, Y; Liu, W; Sang, D; Zhao, T; Zou, D | 1 |
Lundqvist, J; Mandava, G; Oskarsson, A; Selin, E; Vilcu, AL | 1 |
Ashraf, GJ; Baishya, T; Das, P; Dua, TK; Nandi, G; Paul, P; Sahu, R | 1 |
Mahmoud, ME; Mohamed, AMS; Yassien, EE; Zaki, AM | 1 |
Ashour, WE; Hassan, AZ; Shaker, KH; Sweelam, HM; Zohair, MM | 1 |
Anjinta, A; Boonnoun, P; Daisuk, P; Shotipruk, A; Usaku, C | 1 |
Aydın, A; Şebin, M; Yılmaz, N | 1 |
Alencar, CH; Azevedo, FR; Cândido, EL; Leandro, CS | 1 |
Banjerdpongchai, R; Inthi, P; Kongtawelert, P; Pandith, H | 1 |
Chernova, AP; Davydkina, AE; Elizarova, MK; Shakina, AC; Shormanov, VK | 1 |
Anees, S; Fatima, K; Ganie, SA; Hamid, R; Manzoor, I | 1 |
138 other study(ies) available for ethyl acetate and 2-methylpentane
Article | Year |
---|---|
Mapping property distributions of molecular surfaces: algorithm and evaluation of a novel 3D quantitative structure-activity relationship technique.
Topics: Acetates; Alcohols; Algorithms; Cholinergic Agents; Hydrocarbons, Acyclic; Hydrocarbons, Aromatic; Ketones; Models, Molecular; Protein Binding; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Receptors, Muscarinic; Steroids; Transcortin | 2003 |
Comparative evaluation of urinalysis and blood analysis as means of detecting exposure to organic solvents at low concentrations.
Topics: Acetates; Air Pollutants, Occupational; Benzene Derivatives; Environmental Monitoring; Hexanes; Humans; Maximum Allowable Concentration; Occupational Exposure; Risk Factors; Solvents; Toluene; Xylenes | 1992 |
Urinalysis vs. blood analysis, as a tool for biological monitoring of solvent exposure.
Topics: Acetates; Air Pollutants, Occupational; Environmental Monitoring; Half-Life; Hexanes; Hexanones; Hippurates; Humans; Male; Occupational Exposure; Sensitivity and Specificity; Toluene | 1992 |
Anticonvulsant and convulsant effects of organic solvents.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Convulsants; Electroshock; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Hexanes; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Mice; Pentylenetetrazole; Seizures; Solvents; Toluene | 1992 |
Systematic search for suitable two-phase solvent systems for high-speed counter-current chromatography.
Topics: 1-Butanol; Acetates; Butanols; Chloroform; Chromatography, Liquid; Hexanes; Methanol; Solubility; Solvents; Water | 1991 |
New Swedish occupational standards for some organic solvents.
Topics: Acetates; Air Pollutants, Occupational; Alkanes; Butanols; Costs and Cost Analysis; Environmental Monitoring; Ethylene Glycols; Hexanes; Hydrocarbons; Maximum Allowable Concentration; Methylene Chloride; Solvents; Sweden; Trichloroethanes; Trichloroethylene; Ventilation | 1991 |
Polar interactions in solid-phase extraction of basic drugs by octadecylsilanized silica.
Topics: Acetates; Acetone; Acetonitriles; Anesthetics, Local; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Carbamates; Carbolines; Chromatography, Gas; Hexanes; Methanol; Propranolol; Silicon Dioxide; Toluene | 1990 |
Catecholamine measurements in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography with amperometric detection--comparison with an autoanalyser fluorescence method.
Topics: Acetates; Catecholamines; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Electrochemistry; Hexanes; Humans; Male; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; Solvents; Spectrometry, Fluorescence | 1989 |
An improved extraction procedure for an HPLC method for cyclosporin A in whole blood and plasma.
Topics: Acetates; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cyclosporins; Ether; Hexanes; Humans; Solvents | 1987 |
Measurement of sebum output using a lipid absorbent tape.
Topics: Absorption; Acetates; Adhesiveness; Adult; Chloroform; Equipment and Supplies; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Hexanes; Humans; Lipids; Male; Sebum | 1986 |
Prediction of solubility in nonideal multicomponent systems using the UNIFAC group contribution model.
Topics: Acetates; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Chemistry, Physical; Hexanes; Hexylresorcinol; Hydrogen Bonding; Models, Biological; Myristates; Solubility; Solvents | 1985 |
Solubility behavior of phenolic compounds in hexane-ethyl acetate, hexane-ethyl myristate, and hexane-ethyl pivalate cosolvent systems.
Topics: Acetates; Hexanes; Hexylresorcinol; Myristates; Phenols; Solubility; Solvents; Valerates | 1981 |
Determination of monomers in epoxy resin hardened at elevated temperature.
Topics: Acetates; Acetonitriles; Benzhydryl Compounds; Chloroform; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Epoxy Compounds; Epoxy Resins; Hexanes; Polymers; Silanes; Silicon Dioxide; Temperature | 1994 |
High-performance liquid chromatographic separation of beta-methyl ADC-13 enolphosphate diphenyl ester and its alpha-methyl diastereomer.
Topics: 1-Propanol; Acetates; Carbapenems; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Hexanes; Organophosphates; Osmolar Concentration; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet | 1997 |
Liver damage among shoe repairers.
Topics: Acetates; Acetone; Adhesives; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Bilirubin; Biomarkers; Butanones; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; Environmental Monitoring; gamma-Glutamyltransferase; Hexanes; Humans; Male; Mass Screening; Middle Aged; Occupational Diseases; Occupational Exposure; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Shoes; Solvents; Surveys and Questionnaires; Threshold Limit Values; Toluene | 1999 |
Possible metabolic interaction between hexane and other solvents co-exposed at sub-occupational exposure limit levels.
Topics: Acetates; Acetone; Adhesives; Chromatography, Gas; Drug Interactions; Hexanes; Hexanones; Humans; Male; Neurotoxins; Occupational Exposure; Solvents; Toluene | 2000 |
Process for isolation of cardanol from technical cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) nut shell liquid.
Topics: Acetates; Ammonium Hydroxide; Anacardiaceae; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Hexanes; Hydroxides; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Methanol; Nuts; Phenols; Resorcinols; Solvents | 2002 |
Antifungal clerodane diterpenes from Macaranga monandra (L) Muell. et Arg. (Euphorbiaceae).
Topics: Acetates; Ascomycota; Botrytis; Colletotrichum; Diterpenes, Clerodane; Euphorbiaceae; Fungicides, Industrial; Fusarium; Hexanes; Plant Extracts | 2003 |
Antioxidant activity of leaf extracts from Bauhinia monandra.
Topics: Acetates; Antioxidants; Bauhinia; Biphenyl Compounds; Chloroform; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Free Radical Scavengers; Hexanes; Hydrazines; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Kinetics; Picrates; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Spectrophotometry | 2004 |
The water-soluble extract of Illicium anisatum stimulates mouse vibrissae follicles in organ culture.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Culture Media, Serum-Free; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Fibroblast Growth Factor 7; Fibroblast Growth Factors; Glycosides; Hexanes; Illicium; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Organ Culture Techniques; Plant Extracts; Polysaccharides; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Shikimic Acid; Solvents; Temperature; Time Factors; Vibrissae; Water | 2004 |
Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and diuretic activity of Polygonum lanatum Roxb.
Topics: Acetates; Acetic Acid; Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Behavior, Animal; Diuretics; Female; Hexanes; India; Male; Methanol; Mice; Pain Measurement; Plant Extracts; Polygonum; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Solvents | 2005 |
Antimicrobial activity of Arctium lappa constituents against microorganisms commonly found in endodontic infections.
Topics: Acetates; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arctium; Bacillus subtilis; Bacteria; Candida albicans; Dental Pulp Diseases; Enterococcus faecalis; Hexanes; Humans; Materials Testing; Methanol; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Solvents; Staphylococcus aureus | 2005 |
Cytotoxic, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Varthemia iphionoides Boiss. extracts.
Topics: Acetates; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antioxidants; Asteraceae; Cell Survival; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Cytotoxins; Ethanol; Flavonoids; Flavonols; Hexanes; HL-60 Cells; Humans; Jordan; Medicine, Traditional; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Structure; Phenols; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes, Eudesmane | 2006 |
Antibacterial and antifungal activity of Cassia fistula L.: an ethnomedicinal plant.
Topics: Acetates; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antifungal Agents; Cassia; Chloroform; Crystallization; Epidermophyton; Ethnopharmacology; Flowers; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Hexanes; Hydroxybenzoates; India; Methanol; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Structure; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Trichophyton; Water | 2007 |
Tanshinlactone A from Salvia miltiorrhiza modulates interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma gene expression.
Topics: Acetates; Adult; Blotting, Western; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Diterpenes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Gene Expression; Hexanes; Humans; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-2; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Male; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; Phenanthrenes; Phytohemagglutinins; Plant Extracts; Plant Roots; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Salvia miltiorrhiza; Time Factors | 2007 |
A dietary supplement for female sexual dysfunction, Avlimil, stimulates the growth of estrogen-dependent breast tumors (MCF-7) implanted in ovariectomized athymic nude mice.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cimicifuga; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Estradiol; Estrogens; Female; Glycyrrhiza; Hexanes; Humans; Isoflavones; Methanol; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Transplantation; Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent; Ovariectomy; Plant Extracts; Plant Roots; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Neoplasm; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological; Solvents | 2008 |
Formation of multiple trimethylsilyl derivatives in the derivatization of 17alpha-ethinylestradiol with BSTFA or MSTFA followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry determination.
Topics: Acetamides; Acetates; Acetone; Estrone; Ethinyl Estradiol; Fluoroacetates; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hexanes; Solvents; Trifluoroacetic Acid; Trimethylsilyl Compounds | 2007 |
Antiulcerogenic activity of fractions and 3,15-dioxo-21alpha-hydroxy friedelane isolated from Maytenus robusta (Celastraceae).
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Chloroform; Ethanol; Gastric Mucosa; Hexanes; Indicators and Reagents; Maytenus; Mice; Omeprazole; Plant Extracts; Rats; Solvents; Stomach Ulcer; Triterpenes; Water | 2008 |
The radioprotective effects of the hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of Callophyllis japonica in mice that undergo whole body irradiation.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Bone Marrow Cells; Cell Survival; Female; Gamma Rays; Hexanes; Intestinal Mucosa; Jejunum; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Plant Extracts; Radiation Injuries, Experimental; Radiation-Protective Agents; Seaweed; Whole-Body Irradiation | 2008 |
Inhibitory effect of koji Aspergillus terreus on alpha-glucosidase activity and postprandial hyperglycemia.
Topics: Acetates; alpha-Glucosidases; Animals; Aspergillus; Blood Glucose; Chromatography; Fermentation; Hexanes; Hyperglycemia; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Kinetics; Methanol; Methylene Chloride; Mice; Water | 2007 |
Intermittent counter-current extraction as an alternative approach to purification of Chinese herbal medicine.
Topics: Acetates; Countercurrent Distribution; Diterpenes; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Epoxy Compounds; Equipment Design; Hexanes; Methanol; Phenanthrenes; Tripterygium; Water | 2009 |
GUESSmix-guided optimization of elution-extrusion counter-current separations.
Topics: Acetates; Biological Products; Countercurrent Distribution; Hexanes; Methanol; Rotation; Temperature; Water | 2009 |
Performance comparison using the GUESS mixture to evaluate counter-current chromatography instruments.
Topics: Acetates; Algorithms; Centrifugation; Countercurrent Distribution; Hexanes; Methanol; Time Factors; Water | 2009 |
Rapid and efficient purification of naphthodianthrones from St. John's wort extract by using liquid-liquid extraction and SEC.
Topics: Acetates; Anthracenes; Chromatography, Gel; Dextrans; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hexanes; Hypericum; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mass Spectrometry; Methanol; Perylene; Plant Extracts; Solvents; Water | 2009 |
Potential of combining of liquid membranes and molecularly imprinted polymers in extraction of 17beta-estradiol from aqueous samples.
Topics: Acetates; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Estradiol; Hexanes; Membranes, Artificial; Molecular Imprinting; Polymers; Porosity; Water; Water Pollutants, Chemical | 2009 |
Preparative isolation and purification of antioxidative stilbene oligomers from Vitis chunganeniss using high-speed counter-current chromatography in stepwise elution mode.
Topics: Acetates; Antioxidants; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Countercurrent Distribution; Hexanes; Methanol; Molecular Conformation; Solvents; Stilbenes; Time Factors; Vitis; Water | 2009 |
Growth inhibiting activity of volatile oil from Cistus creticus L. against Borrelia burgdorferi s.s. in vitro.
Topics: Acetates; Borrelia burgdorferi; Cistus; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hexanes; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Oils, Volatile; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Solvents | 2010 |
Key compound groups for the neuroprotective effect of roots of Polygonum cuspidatum on transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in Sprague-Dawley rats.
Topics: 1-Butanol; Acetates; Animals; Anthraquinones; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Chemical Fractionation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Fallopia japonica; Hexanes; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Roots; Plants, Medicinal; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Rotarod Performance Test; Stilbenes | 2010 |
Preparative separation of six antimycin A components from antimycin fermentation broth by high-speed counter-current chromatography.
Topics: Acetates; Antimycin A; Bioreactors; Countercurrent Distribution; Culture Media, Conditioned; Fermentation; Hexanes; Methanol; Streptomyces; Water | 2010 |
Accelerated solvent extraction of monacolin K from red yeast rice and purification by high-speed counter-current chromatography.
Topics: Acetates; Biological Products; Chemical Fractionation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Countercurrent Distribution; Hexanes; Lovastatin; Methanol; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Temperature; Time Factors | 2010 |
Antileishmanial phenylpropanoids from Alpinia galanga (Linn.) Willd.
Topics: Acetates; Alpinia; Animals; Antiprotozoal Agents; Chloroform; Coumaric Acids; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eugenol; Flavonoids; Hexanes; Leishmania donovani; Molecular Structure; Plant Extracts; Propionates; Rhizome | 2010 |
Development of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with pressurized liquid extraction for determination of glucocorticoid residues in edible tissues.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Cattle; Chemical Fractionation; Chromatography, Liquid; Drug Residues; Food Analysis; Glucocorticoids; Hexanes; Meat; Muscle, Skeletal; Pressure; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Swine; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Temperature | 2011 |
Phytocomplexes from liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) leaves--chemical characterization and evaluation of their antioxidant, anti-genotoxic and anti-inflammatory activity.
Topics: Acetates; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Biphenyl Compounds; Colorimetry; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Glycyrrhiza; Hexanes; Methanol; Molybdenum; Mutagenicity Tests; Picrates; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Tungsten Compounds | 2011 |
Asymmetric synthesis of α-amino-1,3-dithianes via chiral N-phosphonyl imine-based Umpolung reaction without using chromatography and recrystallization.
Topics: Acetates; Amines; Green Chemistry Technology; Heterocyclic Compounds; Hexanes; Imines; Organic Chemistry Phenomena; Stereoisomerism | 2011 |
Combinative application of pH-zone-refining and conventional high-speed counter-current chromatography for preparative separation of alkaloids from Stephania kwangsiensis.
Topics: Acetates; Aporphines; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Countercurrent Distribution; Hexanes; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Methanol; Morphinans; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Plant Extracts; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Stephania; Water | 2011 |
Development of excellent long-wavelength BODIPY laser dyes with a strategy that combines extending π-conjugation and tuning ICT effect.
Topics: Acetates; Acetone; Acetonitriles; Boron Compounds; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Cytoplasm; Electrochemistry; Ethanol; Fluorescent Dyes; Hexanes; Humans; Lasers, Dye; Lasers, Solid-State; Methanol; Methylene Chloride; Models, Molecular; Molecular Structure; Optics and Photonics; Photolysis; Quantum Theory; Solvents; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Spectrophotometry; Trifluoroethanol | 2011 |
Aqueous-methanolic extract of sweet flag (Acorus calamus) possesses cardiac depressant and endothelial-derived hyperpolarizing factor-mediated coronary vasodilator effects.
Topics: Acetates; Acorus; Animals; Biological Factors; Cattle; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Vessels; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Heart; Heart Rate; Hexanes; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Methanol; Myocardial Contraction; Perfusion; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rabbits; Rhizome; Solvents; Vasodilation; Vasodilator Agents; Ventricular Function; Water | 2012 |
The antifungal, cytotoxic, antitermite and insecticidal activities of Zizyphus jujube.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Artemia; Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus niger; Cell Proliferation; Chloroform; Coleoptera; Cytotoxins; Fusarium; Hexanes; Insecta; Insecticides; Isoptera; Methanol; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Penicillium chrysogenum; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Rhizopus; Tribolium; Trichoderma; Ziziphus | 2011 |
Separation of two constituents from purple sweet potato by combination of silica gel column and high-speed counter-current chromatography.
Topics: Acetates; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Coumarins; Countercurrent Distribution; Furaldehyde; Hexanes; Ipomoea batatas; Methanol; Plant Extracts; Silica Gel; Water | 2012 |
A comparison of the extraction procedures and quantification methods for the chromatographic determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in charcoal grilled meat and fish.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Cattle; Charcoal; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cooking; Fish Products; Freeze Drying; Hexanes; Hot Temperature; Meat; Methanol; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Reproducibility of Results; Salmon; Sensitivity and Specificity; Solid Phase Extraction; Solvents; Sonication; Water | 2012 |
Qualification and quantification of seventeen natural steroids in plasma by GC-Q-MS and GC-IT-MS/MS.
Topics: Acetates; Albumins; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Hexanes; Humans; Linear Models; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tandem Mass Spectrometry | 2012 |
Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of kaempferol rhamnoside derivatives from Bryophyllum pinnatum.
Topics: Acetates; Anti-Infective Agents; Antioxidants; Bacteria; Biphenyl Compounds; Candida; Glycosides; Hexanes; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Kaempferols; Kalanchoe; Methanol; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Structure; Picrates; Plant Extracts | 2012 |
Mosquito larvicidal properties of Orthosiphon thymiflorus (Roth) Sleesen. (Family: Labiatae) against mosquito vectors, Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae).
Topics: Acetates; Acetone; Animals; Chloroform; Culicidae; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Hexanes; Larva; Lethal Dose 50; Methanol; Mosquito Control; Orthosiphon; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves | 2012 |
Growth inhibition of human gynecologic and colon cancer cells by Phyllanthus watsonii through apoptosis induction.
Topics: Acetates; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Caspase 3; Cell Cycle; Cell Proliferation; Cell Shape; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Chemical Fractionation; Colonic Neoplasms; DNA Fragmentation; Ellagic Acid; Female; Hexanes; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Methanol; Phyllanthus; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Solvents; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms | 2012 |
The n-Hexane, ethylacetate, and butanol fractions from Hydnocarpi Semen enhanced wound healing in a mice ulcer model.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Butanols; Cell Line; Cytokines; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Hexanes; Magnoliopsida; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Nitric Oxide; Plant Extracts; Ulcer; Wound Healing | 2012 |
Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the Agastache mexicana extracts by using several experimental models in rodents.
Topics: Acetates; Agastache; Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Hexanes; Inflorescence; Male; Methanol; Mice; Pain; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Solvents; Stomach Ulcer | 2012 |
Effect of Nigella sativa seeds extracts on iNOS through antioxidant potential only: crude/total extract as molecular therapy drug.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Antioxidants; Cells, Cultured; Chemical Fractionation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hexanes; Kinetics; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages, Peritoneal; Methanol; Nigella sativa; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Plant Extracts; Rats; Seeds; Time Factors | 2012 |
Cytotoxic activities of hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol extracts of marine sponges from Mauritian Waters on human cancer cell lines.
Topics: 1-Butanol; Acetates; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Biological Products; Cell Cycle; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Complex Mixtures; Hexanes; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Mauritius; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Porifera; Solvents | 2012 |
The impact of impurities in various crude A. annua extracts on the analysis of artemisinin by liquid chromatographic methods.
Topics: Acetates; Acetonitriles; Artemisia annua; Artemisinins; Calibration; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drug Contamination; Ethanol; Hexanes; Lactones; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Reference Standards; Solubility; Solvents; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet | 2012 |
Preparative isolation and purification of three sesquiterpenoid lactones from Eupatorium lindleyanum DC. by high-speed counter-current chromatography.
Topics: Acetates; Butanols; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Countercurrent Distribution; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Ethanol; Eupatorium; Hexanes; Lactones; Methanol; Molecular Structure; Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane; Solvents; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Water | 2012 |
Pharmacological and toxicological evaluation of Urtica dioica.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Artemia; Bacteria; Blood Glucose; Carrageenan; Chloroform; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edema; Female; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glucose Tolerance Test; Hexanes; Hypoglycemic Agents; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Methanol; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Plants, Medicinal; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Solvents; Streptozocin; Time Factors; Urtica dioica; Water | 2013 |
Chemometric profile of root extracts of Rhodiola imbricata Edgew. with hyphenated gas chromatography mass spectrometric technique.
Topics: Acetates; Chloroform; Ethanol; Ethylene Dichlorides; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hexanes; Methanol; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Roots; Plants, Medicinal; Rhodiola | 2013 |
Tyrosinase inhibitors from Calceolaria integrifolia s.l.: Calceolaria talcana aerial parts.
Topics: Acetates; Agaricales; Animals; Antioxidants; Biological Control Agents; Diterpenes; Flavonoids; Hexanes; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Insecta; Iridoids; Monophenol Monooxygenase; Pesticides; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Protease Inhibitors; Scrophulariaceae | 2013 |
[Evaluation of the inhibitory effect of extracts from leaves of Renealmia alpinia Rottb. Maas (Zingiberaceae) on the venom of Bothrops asper (mapaná)].
Topics: Acetates; Analgesics; Animals; Blood Coagulation; Bothrops; Crotalid Venoms; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Ethanol; Female; Hemolysis; Hexanes; Male; Methanol; Methylene Chloride; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Proteolysis; Snake Bites; Solvents; Zingiberaceae | 2012 |
Anti-inflammatory activity of Heliotropium strigosum in animal models.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Carrageenan; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ear; Edema; Ethnopharmacology; Female; Heliotropium; Hexanes; Hindlimb; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Pakistan; Plant Extracts; Rats, Wistar; Solvents; Xylenes | 2015 |
Inhibitory and bactericidal activity of selected South African honeys and their solvent extracts against clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori.
Topics: Acetates; Amoxicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bees; Chloroform; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ether; Helicobacter pylori; Hexanes; Honey; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microbial Viability; Solvents; South Africa | 2013 |
Selective extraction of berberine and palmatine from Huangbai powder.
Topics: Acetates; Berberine; Berberine Alkaloids; Chemical Fractionation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Hexanes; Methylene Chloride; Powders; Solvents | 2013 |
Screening of selected medicinal plants for in vitro antidermatophytic activity.
Topics: Acetates; Antifungal Agents; Chloroform; Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; Drug Discovery; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Epidermophyton; Hexanes; India; Methanol; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microsporum; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Plants, Medicinal; Solvents; Trichophyton | 2013 |
Isolation of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors produced by an endophytic fungus, Colletotrichum sp. TSC13 from Taxus sumatrana.
Topics: Acetates; Chloroform; Colletotrichum; Enzyme Inhibitors; Esters; Fatty Acids; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Fermentation; Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; Hexanes; Methanol; Taxus | 2012 |
Phytochemical prospection and modulation of antibiotic activity in vitro by Lippia origanoides H.B.K. in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Topics: Acetates; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chlorpromazine; Cymenes; Ethanol; Flavanones; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hexanes; Lippia; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Methylene Chloride; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Monoterpenes; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Thymol | 2014 |
Separation of nine compounds from Salvia plebeia R.Br. using two-step high-speed counter-current chromatography with different elution modes.
Topics: 1-Butanol; Acetates; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Countercurrent Distribution; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Ethanol; Hexanes; Methanol; Methyl Ethers; Plant Extracts; Salvia; Solvents; Water | 2014 |
Using nonrandom two-liquid model for solvent system selection in counter-current chromatography.
Topics: Acetates; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Countercurrent Distribution; Hexanes; Methanol; Solvents; Thermodynamics; Water | 2014 |
Two-step separation of nostotrebin 6 from cultivated soil cyanobacterium (Nostoc sp.) by high performance countercurrent chromatography.
Topics: Acetates; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Countercurrent Distribution; Cyclopentanes; Hexanes; Methanol; Nostoc; Soil Microbiology; Solvents; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Water | 2014 |
Liquid-phase extraction coupled with metal-organic frameworks-based dispersive solid phase extraction of herbicides in peanuts.
Topics: Acetates; Adsorption; Arachis; Chromatography, Liquid; Chromium; Coordination Complexes; Fats; Food Analysis; Food Contamination; Herbicides; Hexanes; Liquid-Liquid Extraction; Mass Spectrometry; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Metals; Reproducibility of Results; Solid Phase Extraction; Solvents | 2014 |
Simultaneous quantification of eight bioactive secondary metabolites from Codonopsis ovata by validated high performance thin layer chromatography and their antioxidant profile.
Topics: Acetates; Ammonium Sulfate; Benzothiazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Calibration; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Codonopsis; Formates; Free Radical Scavengers; Hexanes; Limit of Detection; Linear Models; Phytotherapy; Picrates; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Reference Standards; Reproducibility of Results; Silica Gel; Solvents; Sulfonic Acids | 2014 |
Systematic and efficient separation of 11 compounds from Rhizoma Chuanxiong via counter-current chromatography-solid phase extraction-counter-current chromatography hyphenation.
Topics: Acetates; Acetonitriles; Countercurrent Distribution; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Hexanes; Methanol; Solid Phase Extraction; Solvents; Water | 2014 |
In vivo antipyretic, antiemetic, in vitro membrane stabilization, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities of different extracts from Spilanthes paniculata leaves.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antiemetics; Antipyretics; Artemia; Asteraceae; Bacillus cereus; Bacillus subtilis; Biological Assay; Chickens; Cytotoxins; Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; Erythrocyte Membrane; Escherichia coli; Ethanol; Hexanes; Hot Temperature; Humans; Medicine, Traditional; Mice; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Salmonella typhi; Staphylococcus aureus; Vibrio cholerae | 2014 |
Anti-fungal potentials of extracellular metabolites of Western Ghats isolated Streptomyces sp. NII 1006 against moulds and yeasts.
Topics: Acetates; Antifungal Agents; Carbon; Chitinases; Chloroform; Culture Media, Conditioned; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Fungi; Glucans; Glycoside Hydrolases; Hexanes; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hyphae; India; Nitrogen; Plant Extracts; Plant Proteins; Soil Microbiology; Solvents; Streptomyces; Yeasts | 2014 |
Histological investigation of the effect of soybean (Glycine max) extracts on the collagen layer and estrogen receptors in the skin of female rats.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Collagen; Ethanol; Female; Glycine max; Hexanes; Immunohistochemistry; Phytoestrogens; Plant Extracts; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Estrogen; Reference Values; Reproducibility of Results; Skin; Time Factors | 2014 |
Investigations of anticholinestrase and antioxidant potentials of methanolic extract, subsequent fractions, crude saponins and flavonoids isolated from Isodon rugosus.
Topics: Acetates; Acetylcholinesterase; Antioxidants; Benzothiazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Butyrylcholinesterase; Chloroform; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Complex Mixtures; Flavonoids; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Hexanes; Hydrogen Peroxide; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Isodon; Medicine, Traditional; Methanol; Oxidative Stress; Picrates; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Saponins; Spectrophotometry; Sulfonic Acids | 2014 |
Identification and characterization of a potent anticancer fraction from the leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera L.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Chemical Fractionation; Chlorocebus aethiops; Chloroform; Female; Hep G2 Cells; Hexanes; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Male; Methanol; Moringa oleifera; Neoplasms, Experimental; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Survival Analysis; Time Factors; Vero Cells | 2015 |
Systematic and practical solvent system selection strategy based on the nonrandom two-liquid segment activity coefficient model for real-life counter-current chromatography separation.
Topics: 1-Butanol; Acetates; Chloroform; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Countercurrent Distribution; Hexanes; Methanol; Plant Extracts; Salvia; Solvents; Water | 2015 |
Potent α-glucosidase inhibitors isolated from Ginkgo biloba leaves.
Topics: 1-Butanol; Acetates; Chemical Fractionation; Chloroform; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Ginkgo biloba; Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; Hexanes; Methanol; Molecular Structure; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Plants, Medicinal; Salicylates; Solvents | 2014 |
An efficient and target-oriented sample enrichment method for preparative separation of minor alkaloids by pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography.
Topics: Acetates; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Countercurrent Distribution; Hexanes; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Indole Alkaloids; Methanol; Plant Extracts; Solvents; Uncaria | 2015 |
Cytotoxicity of Cratoxylum Formosum Subsp. Pruniflorum Gogel Extracts in Oral Cancer Cell Lines.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Clusiaceae; Flavonoids; Free Radicals; Hexanes; Methanol; Mouth Neoplasms; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenols; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Solid Phase Extraction; Vero Cells | 2015 |
Volatile Profile of Herniaria fontanesii Growing Spontaneously in Tunisia.
Topics: Acetates; Bicyclic Monoterpenes; Biphenyl Compounds; Caryophyllaceae; Free Radical Scavengers; Gallic Acid; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hexanes; Methanol; Monoterpenes; Oils, Volatile; Palmitic Acid; Picrates; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Solvents; Terpenes; Tunisia | 2016 |
Microwave-Assisted Extraction and Purification of Arctiin and Arctigenin from Fructus Arctii by High-Speed Countercurrent Chromatography.
Topics: Acetates; Arctium; Biphenyl Compounds; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Countercurrent Distribution; Ethanol; Free Radical Scavengers; Furans; Glucosides; Hexanes; Hydrochloric Acid; Hydrolysis; Lignans; Liquid-Liquid Extraction; Microwaves; Picrates; Plant Extracts; Solvents; Water | 2016 |
Efficient Protocol for Isolation of Rhaponticin and Rhapontigenin with Consecutive Sample Injection from Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) by HSCCC.
Topics: Acetates; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Countercurrent Distribution; Flow Injection Analysis; Hexanes; Liquid-Liquid Extraction; Methanol; Plant Extracts; Seeds; Solvents; Stilbenes; Trigonella; Water | 2016 |
Enantioselective analysis of etodolac in human plasma by LC-MS/MS: Application to clinical pharmacokinetics.
Topics: Acetates; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Chromatography, Liquid; Etodolac; Hexanes; Humans; Ibuprofen; Male; Plasma; Stereoisomerism; Tandem Mass Spectrometry | 2016 |
Chiral N-Phosphonyl Imines for an Aza-Morita-Baylis-Hillman Reaction via Group-Assisted Purification (GAP) Chemistry.
Topics: Acetates; Acrylonitrile; Catalysis; Hexanes; Imines; Molecular Structure; Stereoisomerism | 2016 |
Antimycobacterial activity of medicinal plants used by the Mayo people of Sonora, Mexico.
Topics: Acetates; Antitubercular Agents; Ethnobotany; Ethnopharmacology; Euphorbia; Fabaceae; Helianthus; Hexanes; Humans; Medicine, Traditional; Methylene Chloride; Mexico; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mycobacterium smegmatis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Solvents; Tuberculosis | 2016 |
Determination of Rodenticide Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (Tetramine) in Processed Foods by Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.
Topics: Acetates; Acetonitriles; Amines; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Carbon; Food Analysis; Food Contamination; Food Handling; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Graphite; Hexanes; Rodenticides; Sulfates; Tandem Mass Spectrometry | 2016 |
Theoretical study of closed-loop recycling liquid-liquid chromatography and experimental verification of the theory.
Topics: Acetates; Aspirin; Caffeine; Coumarins; Countercurrent Distribution; Ethanol; Hexanes; Models, Theoretical; Recycling; Reproducibility of Results; Solutions; Solvents; Water | 2016 |
Anti-inflammatory potential of Capparis spinosa L. in vivo in mice through inhibition of cell infiltration and cytokine gene expression.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Capparis; Cytokines; Dermatitis, Contact; Dinitrofluorobenzene; Female; Gene Expression; Genotype; Hexanes; Inflammation; Methanol; Mice; Plant Extracts | 2017 |
Accelerated solvent extraction by using an 'in-line' clean-up approach for multiresidue analysis of pesticides in organic honey.
Topics: Acetates; Food Contamination; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hexanes; Honey; Magnesium Silicates; Pesticides; Solvents | 2017 |
Antibacterial activity of crude methanolic extract and various fractions of Vitex agnus castus and Myrsine africana against clinical isolates of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Topics: Acetates; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Butanols; Chloroform; Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Hexanes; Hospitals, Teaching; Humans; Methanol; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Pakistan; Phytotherapy; Plant Components, Aerial; Plants, Medicinal; Primulaceae; Solvents; Vitex; Water | 2016 |
Rational approach to solvent system selection for liquid-liquid extraction-assisted sample pretreatment in counter-current chromatography.
Topics: Acetates; Countercurrent Distribution; Flavonoids; Glycosides; Hexanes; Kaempferols; Liquid-Liquid Extraction; Methanol; Plant Extracts; Robinia; Solvents | 2017 |
Centrifugal partition chromatography in the isolation of minor ecdysteroids from Cyanotis arachnoidea.
Topics: Acetates; Centrifugation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; Commelinaceae; Ecdysteroids; Hexanes; Methanol; Plant Extracts; Solvents | 2017 |
Lonicera quinquelocularis: A rich source of antioxidant for protection against chronic diseases.
Topics: 1-Butanol; Acetates; Antioxidants; Chloroform; Hexanes; Lonicera; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts | 2017 |
Development of an efficient method for multi residue analysis of 160 pesticides in herbal plant by ethyl acetate hexane mixture with direct injection to GC-MS/MS.
Topics: Acetates; Calibration; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hexanes; Injections; Limit of Detection; Pesticide Residues; Plants, Medicinal; Tandem Mass Spectrometry | 2017 |
Synthesis of secondary metabolites by Cladosporium resinae (NRL-6437) under different growth media and chemical inducers and their pharmaceutical activity.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antifungal Agents; Araceae; Artemia; Azacitidine; Bacteria; Chemical Fractionation; Cladosporium; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epigenesis, Genetic; Fungi; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; Hexanes; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; Industrial Microbiology; Lethal Dose 50; Solvents; Vorinostat | 2017 |
Extraction, fractionation and re-fractionation of Artemisia nilagirica for anticancer activity and HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS determination.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Artemisia; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Chemical Fractionation; Chlorocebus aethiops; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Ethanol; Hexanes; Humans; India; Medicine, Traditional; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Plant Stems; Solvents; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Vero Cells | 2018 |
Application of high-speed counter-current chromatography and HPLC to separate and purify of three polyacetylenes from Platycodon grandiflorum.
Topics: Acetates; Chromatography; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Countercurrent Distribution; Hexanes; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Methanol; Platycodon; Polyynes; Porosity; Solvents; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization | 2018 |
In vivo assessment of plant extracts for control of plant diseases: A sesquiterpene ketolactone isolated from Curcuma zedoaria suppresses wheat leaf rust.
Topics: Acetates; Basidiomycota; Curcuma; Fungicides, Industrial; Hexanes; Lactones; Methanol; Molecular Structure; Organic Agriculture; Oryza; Plant Diseases; Plant Extracts; Rhizoctonia; Rhizome; Sesquiterpenes; Solanum lycopersicum; Solvents; Triticum | 2018 |
Cardamom extract induces cell proliferation by increasing potassium currents in NIH3T3 cell line.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Butanes; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Elettaria; Fibroblasts; Hexanes; Membrane Potentials; Mice; NIH 3T3 Cells; Plant Extracts; Potassium; Potassium Channels; Solvents; Wound Healing | 2017 |
Phytochemical screening, GC-MS analysis and in vitro antioxidant activity of pollen of Centella asiatica (Linn) urban a traditional medicinal plant.
Topics: Acetates; Antioxidants; Benzothiazoles; Centella; Chlorides; Chloroform; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hexanes; Iron Chelating Agents; Methanol; Oxidation-Reduction; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Pollen; Solvents; Sulfonic Acids; Superoxides; Water | 2017 |
Anti-Trypanosoma cruzi Activity in vitro of Phases and Isolated Compounds from Excoecaria lucida Leaves.
Topics: 1-Butanol; Acetates; Animals; Ellagic Acid; Euphorbiaceae; Fibroblasts; Glucosides; Hexanes; Mice; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Sitosterols; Stigmasterol; Trypanocidal Agents; Trypanosoma cruzi | 2018 |
Use of counter-current chromatography as a selective extractor for the diterpenequinone 7α-hydroxyroyleanone from Tetradenia riparia.
Topics: Acetates; Countercurrent Distribution; Hexanes; Lamiaceae; Liquid-Liquid Extraction; Methanol; Plant Leaves; Solvents | 2018 |
Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Potential of Essential Oil and Organic Extracts of Euphorbia tithymaloides L. from Kushtia Region.
Topics: Acetates; Antioxidants; Biphenyl Compounds; Chloroform; Euphorbia; Hexanes; Methanol; Oils, Volatile; Picrates; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Superoxides; Turkey | 2018 |
Optimisation of Croton gratissimus Oil Extraction by n-Hexane and Ethyl Acetate Using Response Surface Methodology.
Topics: Acetates; Croton; Croton Oil; Hexanes; Liquid-Liquid Extraction; Solvents; Temperature | 2018 |
CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF THE RED SEA SOFT CORAL SARCOPHYTON TROCHELIOPHORUM.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Anthozoa; Arachidonic Acid; Artemia; Biological Products; Caco-2 Cells; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hexanes; Humans; Indian Ocean; Lethal Dose 50 | 2016 |
Crude leaf extracts of Piperaceae species downmodulate inflammatory responses by human monocytes.
Topics: Acetates; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Brazil; Cells, Cultured; Chloroform; Cytokines; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Ethanol; Hexanes; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Ketoprofen; Lipopolysaccharides; Monocytes; Peperomia; Piper; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Species Specificity | 2018 |
Antioxidant and Antimutagenic Activities of Different Fractions from the Leaves of
Topics: Acetates; Antimutagenic Agents; Antioxidants; Chloroform; Deoxyribose; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hexanes; Lipid Peroxidation; Nitric Oxide; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Rhododendron | 2018 |
PARAFAC HPLC-DAD metabolomic fingerprint investigation of reference and crossed coffees.
Topics: Acetates; Alkaloids; Chlorogenic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Coffea; Diterpenes; Ethanol; Hexanes; Mass Spectrometry; Metabolomics; Methylene Chloride; Plant Extracts; Seeds; Solvents; Species Specificity | 2018 |
Identification and anti-cancer activity in 2D and 3D cell culture evaluation of an Iranian isolated marine microalgae Picochlorum sp. RCC486.
Topics: A549 Cells; Acetates; Antineoplastic Agents; Biological Factors; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Chloroform; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Hep G2 Cells; Hexanes; Humans; MCF-7 Cells; Methanol; Microalgae; Reactive Oxygen Species; Spheroids, Cellular; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 2018 |
Hydroalcoholic Extract of Cuscuta Epithymum Enhances Pentobarbitalinduced Sleep: Possible Involvement of GABAergic System.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Cell Line; Cuscuta; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Synergism; GABA Modulators; GABAergic Neurons; Hexanes; Humans; Male; Mice; Pentobarbital; Plant Extracts; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Solvents; Water | 2020 |
Evaluation of antioxidant activities of various solvent extract from Sargassum serratifolium and its major antioxidant components.
Topics: Acetates; Alkenes; Animals; Antioxidants; Benzoquinones; Free Radical Scavengers; Hexanes; Methanol; Mice; RAW 264.7 Cells; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sargassum; Seaweed; Solvents | 2019 |
Habit Modification of the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Lovastatin Through a Predictive Solvent Selection Approach.
Topics: Acetates; Crystallography; Hexanes; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Lovastatin; Methanol; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Solutions; Solvents; Static Electricity | 2019 |
Extraction and separation of acetanilide herbicides in beans based on metal-organic framework MIL-101 (Zn) as sorbent.
Topics: Acetanilides; Acetates; Adsorption; Animals; Canavalia; Herbicides; Hexanes; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Particle Size; Phaseolus | 2019 |
Extraction of proteins from the microalga Scenedesmus obliquus BR003 followed by lipid extraction of the wet deproteinized biomass using hexane and ethyl acetate.
Topics: Acetates; Biofuels; Biomass; Hexanes; Lipids; Microalgae; Scenedesmus | 2020 |
Separation and purification of hydroxytysol and oleuropein from Olea europaea L. (olive) leaves using macroporous resins and a novel solvent system.
Topics: Acetates; Adsorption; Hexanes; Iridoid Glucosides; Iridoids; Methanol; Olea; Particle Size; Porosity; Resins, Plant; Solvents; Surface Properties; Thermodynamics; Water | 2020 |
Chemical Compounds of Malacca Leaf (
Topics: Acetates; Ethanol; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hexanes; Phyllanthus emblica; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Solvents | 2020 |
Multiresidue analysis of 85 persistent organic pollutants in small human serum samples by modified QuEChERS preparation with different ionization sources in mass spectrometry.
Topics: Acetates; Acetone; Atmospheric Pressure; Environmental Pollutants; Female; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; Hexanes; Humans; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; Limit of Detection; Pesticides; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Tandem Mass Spectrometry | 2020 |
The Possible Regulatory Mechanisms of Aqueous, Ethyl Acetate and NHexane Fractions of the Ribes khorassanicum Extract on Acute Hypertension in Rats.
Topics: Acetates; Acute Disease; Angiotensin II; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular System; Disease Models, Animal; Hexanes; Hypertension; Losartan; Male; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Ribes; Signal Transduction; Water | 2021 |
Rapid enrichment and separation of two novel minor phenols from Malus hupehensis utilizing liquid-liquid extraction with three-phase solvent system and high-speed counter-current chromatography based on the polarity parameter.
Topics: Acetates; Acetonitriles; Countercurrent Distribution; Hexanes; Liquid-Liquid Extraction; Malus; Methanol; Phenols; Solvents; Water | 2021 |
Separation of chemical constituents in Bidens pilosa Linn. var. radiata Sch. Bip. by elution-extrusion counter-current chromatography using two new three-phase solvent systems.
Topics: Acetates; Bidens; Countercurrent Distribution; Hexanes; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Solvents | 2021 |
Three new naphthoquinones from the tubers of
Topics: Antioxidants; Ethanol; Hexanes; Lamiales; Naphthoquinones; Plant Extracts | 2023 |
The applicability of high-speed counter-current chromatography for preparative separation of biosynthesis products: Glycosylation products as example.
Topics: Acetates; Countercurrent Distribution; Glycosylation; Hexanes; Methanol | 2021 |
An in vitro-based hazard assessment of liquid smoke food flavourings.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Cell Line; Flavoring Agents; Hexanes; Humans; Mutagenicity Tests; Oxidative Stress; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; Receptors, Estrogen; Smoke; Solvents | 2022 |
High-performance thin-layer chromatography coupled attenuated total reflectance-Fourier-transform infrared and NMR spectroscopy-based identification of α-amylase inhibitor from the aerial part of Asparagus racemosus Willd.
Topics: Acetates; alpha-Amylases; Antioxidants; Asparagus Plant; Chloroform; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Free Radical Scavengers; Hexanes; Iodine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Methanol; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Solvents; Starch; Stigmasterol | 2022 |
Sodium benzoate induced toxicities in albino male rats: mitigating effects of Ficus carica and Cymbopogon citratus leave extract.
Topics: Animals; Cymbopogon; Ficus; Hexanes; Plant Extracts; Rats; Sodium Benzoate | 2022 |
LC-MS/MS and GC-MS based phytochemical perspectives and antimicrobial effects of endophytic fungus Chaetomium ovatoascomatis isolated from Euphorbia milii.
Topics: Acetates; Anti-Infective Agents; Apigenin; Bacillus subtilis; Chaetomium; Chromatography, Liquid; Endophytes; Escherichia coli; Esters; Euphorbia; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Hexanes; Linoleic Acid; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Phytochemicals; Tandem Mass Spectrometry | 2022 |
Method Development for Purification of γ-oryzanol from Hydrolyzed Rice Bran Acid Oil by Semi-preparative Chromatography.
Topics: Chromatography, Thin Layer; Hexanes; Oryza; Phenylpropionates; Rice Bran Oil; Silica Gel | 2023 |
Some Wild Mushrooms with High Antioxidant Capacity Exhibit Potent Anticancer Activity on Cancer Cells using the Apoptotic and Antimigration Cell Death Mechanisms.
Topics: Agaricales; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; DNA; Female; Hexanes; Humans; Methanol | 2023 |
Phytochemical prospection and larvicidal bioactivity of the janaguba (Himatanthus drasticus) Mart. Plumel (Apocynaceae) latex against Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae).
Topics: Aedes; Animals; Anthocyanins; Apocynaceae; Hexanes; Insecticides; Larva; Latex; Methanol; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves | 2023 |
Anti-cancer Effect and Active Phytochemicals of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. against Human Breast Cancer Cells.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Female; Flavonoids; Hexanes; Houttuynia; Humans; Methylene Chloride; Mice; NIH 3T3 Cells; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts | 2023 |
[Study of 2,6-di(propan-2-yl)phenol stability in biomaterial].
Topics: Acetone; Biocompatible Materials; Hexanes; Phenol; Phenols | 2023 |
GC-MS analysis and potential therapeutic efficacy of extracts from Allium humile Kunth in lowering dyslipidemia in wistar rat models.
Topics: Acetates; Allium; Animals; Antioxidants; Ethanol; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hexanes; Methanol; Nitric Oxide; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2024 |