epiglucan and cordycepin

The study of metabolomics in natural products using the diverse analytical instruments including GC-MS, LC-MS, and NMR is useful for the exploration of physiological and biological effects and the investigation of drug discovery and health functional foods.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Antioxidants; beta-Glucans; Biological Products; Cell Proliferation; Cordyceps; Deoxyadenosines; Drug Discovery; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Fruiting Bodies, Fungal; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Mannitol; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Metabolomics; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) is reported to exert various immune-activities. To enhance its activity, we fermented C.militaris with Pediococcus pentosaceus ON89A (GRC-ON89A). In this study, we investigated the immune-enhancing activity GRC-ON89A, using immunosuppressed model.. Immunosuppression was induced by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CY). Each group was orally administered distilled water, GRC-ON89A or GRC, respectively. The phagocytic activities against IgG -opsonized FITC particles were measured using phagocytosis assay kit. The contents β-glucan, cordycepin and SCFA were measured using β-glucan kit, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, respectively.. Among GRC fermented with different probiotic strains (Pediococcus pentossaceus ON89A, Lactobacillus pentosus SC64, Weissella cibaria Sal.Cla22), GRC-ON89A induced the highest elevation of nitric oxide production and enhanced phagocytic activity of RAW 264.7 cells. In primary cultured murine macrophages from normal and CY-treated mice, GRC-ON89A increased phagocytic activity, compared to that in control cells. GRC-ON89A also significantly induced the mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-10 and the levels of phosphorylated Lyn, Syk and MAPK. The contents of β-glucan, cordycepin and SCFA in GRC significantly increased after ON89A fermentation, compared to those in unfermented GRC.. These results indicate that GRC-ON89A exerted the enhanced immunostimulatory activity and contained more nutritional components, compared to unfermented GRC. Our results suggested that GRC-ON89A may be applied as an agent for immune boosting therapy in immune suppressed patients.

Topics: Animals; beta-Glucans; Cordyceps; Cyclophosphamide; Deoxyadenosines; Female; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interleukin-10; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Pediococcus pentosaceus; Plant Extracts; RAW 264.7 Cells; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha