enkephalin, leucine has been researched along with nicotine in 80 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 28 (35.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 28 (35.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 15 (18.75) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 9 (11.25) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Abood, LG; Booth, H; Lowy, K | 1 |
| Agarwal, BL; DeCristofaro, JD; La Gamma, EF | 1 |
| Bowen, WD; Donoghue, JP; Sahin, M | 1 |
| Gravanis, A; Makrigiannakis, A; Margioris, AN; Markogiannakis, E | 1 |
| Aloyz, R; Finkielman, S; Kleid, MC; Nahmod, VE; Rodríguez Vida, MI; Vindrola, O | 1 |
| DeCristofaro, JD; LaGamma, EF; Weisinger, G | 2 |
| Bunn, SJ; Dunkley, PR | 1 |
| Livett, BG; Marley, PD; Wan, DC | 1 |
| Evans, RG; Ludbrook, J | 1 |
| Houdi, AA; Pierzchala, K; Van Loon, GR | 1 |
| Farin, CJ; Höllt, V; Kley, N | 1 |
| Cherubini, E; Morita, K; North, RA | 1 |
| Wilson, SP | 2 |
| Höllt, V; Kley, N; Loeffler, JP; Pittius, CW | 1 |
| Höllt, V; Kley, N; Loeffler, JP | 1 |
| Rauch, RJ; Stephenson, JD; Stolerman, IP | 1 |
| Livett, BG; Marley, PD; Mitchelhill, KI | 1 |
| Ibayashi, H; Kato, K; Nawata, H; Yanase, T | 1 |
| De Léan, A; Nguyen, TT | 1 |
| Hexum, TD; Russett, LR | 2 |
| Bassenge, E; Holtz, J; Strohschein, H | 1 |
| Affolter, HU; Castanas, E; Eiden, LE; Giraud, P; Hotchkiss, A; Oliver, C | 1 |
| Arai, H; Hosoda, K; Itoh, H; Morii, N; Mukoyama, M; Nakao, K; Saito, Y; Shirakami, G; Sugawara, A; Yamada, T | 1 |
| Ase, A; Finkielman, S; Nahmod, VE; Vindrola, O | 1 |
| Adams, M; Barchas, JD; Boarder, MR; Erdelyi, E; Evans, C | 1 |
| Lindberg, I | 1 |
| Barabe, J; Day, R; Denis, D; Lemaire, S; St-Pierre, S | 1 |
| Besser, GM; Clement-Jones, V; Corder, R; Linton, EA; Lowry, PJ; Mason, DF; Perrett, D; Rees, LH | 1 |
| Brien, J; Jhamandas, K; Marien, M | 1 |
| Crossman, AR; Lee, LA; Slater, P | 1 |
| Brownstein, MJ; Eiden, LE; Giraud, P; Hotchkiss, A | 1 |
| Costa, E; Guidotti, A; Karoum, F; Kumakura, K | 1 |
| Dean, DM; Lemaire, S; Livett, BG | 1 |
| Boudouresque, F; Castanas, E; Cesselin, F; Conte-Devolx, B; Eiden, L; Giraud, P; Jaquet, P; Oliver, C | 1 |
| Kilpatrick, DL; Lewis, RV; Stein, S; Udenfriend, S | 1 |
| Dean, DM; Livett, BG; Rossier, J; Udenfriend, S | 1 |
| Dean, DM; Livett, BG; Rossier, J; Udenfriend, S; Whelan, LG | 1 |
| Dreyer, DA; Hong, JS; Hudson, PM; McMillian, MK; Pennypacker, KR; Simmons, KL | 1 |
| Dhatt, RK; Gudehithlu, KP; Hadjiconstantinou, M; Neff, NH; Tejwani, GA; Wemlinger, TA | 1 |
| Bacher, B; Höllt, V; Wang, X | 1 |
| Pierzchała-Koziec, K; Van Loon, GR | 1 |
| Florkiewicz, RZ; Lukas, RJ; Puchacz, E; Stachowiak, EK; Stachowiak, MK | 1 |
| Boelen, MK; Dowton, M; Morgan, IG | 1 |
| Emoto, H; Ishii, H; Mizoguchi, K; Tanaka, M; Tanaka, T; Yokoo, H; Yoshida, M | 1 |
| Hong, JS; Hudson, PM; Hung, GH; Lee, DY; McMillian, MK; Thai, L | 1 |
| Das, KP; Hong, JS; Hudson, PM; McMillian, MK; Suh, HW; Wilson, BC; Wu, GC | 1 |
| Besson, MJ; Caboche, J; Mathieu, AM | 1 |
| Choi, SR; Kim, YH; Lee, KJ; Song, DK; Suh, HW | 1 |
| Choi, SR; Chung, KM; Kim, YH; Song, DK; Suh, HW | 1 |
| Bodor, N; Prokai, L; Prokai-Tatrai, K | 1 |
| Besson, MJ; Mathieu-Kia, AM | 1 |
| Dasgupta, R; Houdi, AA; Kindy, MS | 1 |
| Dhatt, RK; Snively, TA; Tejwani, GA; Wewers, ME | 1 |
| Akins, PK; Cooper, R; Gauda, EB; Wu, G | 1 |
| Duchemin, AM; Hadjiconstantinou, M; Isola, R; Neff, NH; Tejwani, GA; Zhang, H | 1 |
| Kim, YH; Lee, JK; Suh, HW; Won, JS; Won, MH | 1 |
| Nacson, S; Pawliszyn, J; Sze, N; Thomson, B; Tong, H | 1 |
| Chua, J; Kobasiuk, CD; La Gamma, EF; Mishra, R; Nankova, BB | 1 |
| Holgert, H; Wickström, R; Wong, T | 1 |
| Jing, R; Lu, Y; Pappas, GD; Yeomans, DC | 1 |
| Baba, S; Hiramatsu, M; Kojima, R; Nabeshima, T; Watanabe, M | 1 |
| Berrendero, F; Bilkei-Gorzo, A; Galeote, L; Maldonado, R; Mendizábal, V; Robledo, P; Zimmer, A | 1 |
| Cheng, MY; Islas, MI; Lee, AG; Leslie, FM; Loughlin, SE; Villegier, AS | 1 |
| Lough, C; Parker, R; Vincler, M; Wittenauer, S; Young, T | 1 |
| Kiguchi, N; Kishioka, S; Maeda, T; Ozaki, M; Tsuruga, M; Yamamoto, A; Yamamoto, C | 1 |
| Hadjiconstantinou, M; Isola, R; Neff, NH; Tejwani, GA; Zhang, H | 2 |
| Berrendero, F; Bura, SA; Galeote, L; Maldonado, R; Zimmer, A | 1 |
| Hadjiconstantinou, M; McCarthy, MJ; Neff, NH; Zhang, H | 1 |
| Duchemin, AM; Hadjiconstantinou, M; McCarthy, MJ; Neff, NH | 1 |
| Andren, PE; Falasca, S; Petruzziello, F; Rainer, G; Zhang, X | 1 |
| Abagyan, A; Funkelstein, L; Hook, V; Mosier, C; Toneff, T; Ziegler, M | 1 |
| Chang, GQ; Karatayev, O; Leibowitz, SF | 1 |
| Barson, JR; Chang, GQ; Karatayev, O; Leibowitz, SF; Liang, SC | 1 |
| Kiguchi, N; Kishioka, S; Kobayashi, Y; Saika, F; Yamamoto, C | 1 |
| Carboni, L; Romoli, B; Romualdi, P; Zoli, M | 1 |
| Balkan, B; Gozen, O; Kanit, L; Kaya, E; Keser, A; Koylu, EO; Ugur, M | 1 |
2 review(s) available for enkephalin, leucine and nicotine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Classification of opioid and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors by means of discriminative drug effects.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Animals; Conditioning, Classical; Cyclazocine; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Lysergic Acid Diethylamide; Narcotics; Nicotine; Piperazines; Pyrimidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Serotonin; Research Design; Tetrahydronaphthalenes | 1987 |
[Development of physical dependence on nicotine and endogenous opioid system--participation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor].
Topics: alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Mice; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nicotine; Nociception; Opioid Peptides; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2014 |
78 other study(ies) available for enkephalin, leucine and nicotine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Acute and chronic effects of nicotine in rats and evidence for a noncholinergic site of action.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Motor Activity; Nicotine; Rats; Receptors, Cholinergic | 1979 |
Regulation of adrenomedullary preproenkephalin mRNA: effects of hypoglycemia during development.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Carbachol; Corpus Striatum; Deoxyglucose; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Hypoglycemia; Insulin; Male; Nicotine; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; RNA, Messenger; Triiodothyronine | 1992 |
Location of nicotinic and muscarinic cholinergic and mu-opiate receptors in rat cerebral neocortex: evidence from thalamic and cortical lesions.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Cerebral Cortex; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Ligands; Male; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Thalamus | 1992 |
PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cells synthesize dynorphin. Its secretion is modulated by nicotine and nerve growth factor.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Northern; Cell Differentiation; Chromatography, Gel; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Molecular Weight; Nerve Growth Factors; Nicotine; PC12 Cells; Potassium Chloride; Protein Precursors; Rats; RNA, Messenger | 1992 |
Early complete maturation of proenkephalin processing induced by dexamethasone in the adrenal gland of neonatal rats.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Carbachol; Chromatography; Dexamethasone; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Nicotine; Pilocarpine; Protein Precursors; Rats; Reserpine | 1992 |
Tissue- and treatment-specific usage of multiple preproenkephalin transcriptional start sites.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Base Sequence; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Hypoglycemia; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Nicotine; Oxotremorine; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; RNA, Messenger; Tissue Distribution; Transcription, Genetic | 1992 |
Opioid inhibition of nicotine-induced 45Ca2(+)-uptake into cultured bovine adrenal medullary cells.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Benzomorphans; Calcium; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Chromaffin System; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Nicotine; Oligopeptides | 1991 |
Coordinate and differential regulation of proenkephalin A and PNMT mRNA expression in cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells: responses to secretory stimuli.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Barium; Base Sequence; Calcium; Cattle; Enkephalins; Exocytosis; Gene Expression Regulation; Membrane Potentials; Molecular Sequence Data; Nicotine; Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Secretory Rate; Veratridine | 1991 |
Cardiac chemoreceptors: pharmacological curiosities or physiological tools?
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Biguanides; Chemoreceptor Cells; Enkephalin, Leucine; Heart; Hemodynamics; Mecamylamine; Narcotic Antagonists; Nicotine; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Serotonin Antagonists; Tropanes | 1991 |
Nicotine-induced alterations in peripheral tissue concentrations of native and cryptic Met- and Leu-enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Male; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Viscera | 1991 |
Multiple preproenkephalin transcriptional start sites are induced by stress and cholinergic pathways.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Base Sequence; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Hypothalamus; Kidney; Liver; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Nicotine; Oligonucleotide Probes; Oxotremorine; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Transcription, Genetic | 1990 |
Mechanisms involved in the transcriptional activation of proenkephalin gene expression in bovine chromaffin cells.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Cycloheximide; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes; Histamine; Kinetics; Nicotine; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Transcription, Genetic; Veratridine | 1990 |
Opioid inhibition of synaptic transmission in the guinea-pig myenteric plexus.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Barium; Electric Conductivity; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Morphine; Myenteric Plexus; Naloxone; Nicotine; Potassium; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission | 1985 |
Vasoactive intestinal peptide and substance P increase levels of enkephalin-containing peptides in adrenal chromaffin cells.
Topics: 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; Adrenal Glands; Animals; Cattle; Chromaffin Granules; Chromaffin System; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Nicotine; Norepinephrine; Substance P; Tetrabenazine; Theophylline; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1987 |
Involvement of ion channels in the induction of proenkephalin A gene expression by nicotine and cAMP in bovine chromaffin cells.
Topics: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; Adrenal Glands; Animals; Calcium; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Chromaffin System; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Enkephalins; Gallopamil; Gene Expression Regulation; Ion Channels; Nicotine; Nifedipine; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Sodium; Tubocurarine; Verapamil | 1987 |
Ca2+-dependent histaminergic regulation of proenkephalin mRNA levels in cultured adrenal chromaffin cells.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Calcium; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Enkephalins; Gallopamil; Histamine; Ion Channels; Nicotine; Nifedipine; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger | 1987 |
Effects of opioid peptides containing the sequence of Met5-enkephalin or Leu5-enkephalin on nicotine-induced secretion from bovine adrenal chromaffin cells.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Adrenal Medulla; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Bacitracin; Cattle; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Epinephrine; Guinea Pigs; Leucine; Nicotine; Norepinephrine; Peptide Fragments; Phenanthrolines; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid; Thiorphan; Tiopronin | 1986 |
Preproenkephalin B-derived opioid peptides in human phaeochromocytomas.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adult; Cells, Cultured; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Epinephrine; Female; Glucagon; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nicotine; Norepinephrine; Pheochromocytoma; Protein Precursors; Radioimmunoassay | 1987 |
Nonadrenergic modulation by clonidine of the cosecretion of catecholamines and enkephalins in adrenal chromaffin cells.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Catecholamines; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Clonidine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Epinephrine; Nicotine; Norepinephrine; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Reserpine | 1987 |
Stimulation of cholinergic receptor mediated secretion from the bovine adrenal medulla by neuropeptide Y.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Cattle; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Enkephalins; Epinephrine; In Vitro Techniques; Neuropeptide Y; Nicotine; Norepinephrine; Radioimmunoassay; Receptors, Cholinergic | 1989 |
Sympathoadrenal activity and sympathoinhibitory hormones during acute and chronic nicotine application in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Arousal; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Blood Pressure; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Epinephrine; Female; Heart Rate; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Neural Inhibition; Nicotine; Norepinephrine; Sympathetic Nervous System | 1988 |
[Regulation of enkephalin biosynthesis in chromaffin cells].
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic AMP; Enkephalins; Nicotine; Reserpine; RNA, Messenger | 1986 |
Opioid modulation of vasopressin secretion in conscious rats.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbachol; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Heart Rate; Male; Naloxone; Nicotine; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Vasopressins | 1988 |
Differential release of enkephalin and enkephalin-containing peptides from perfused cat adrenal glands.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenal Glands; Animals; Cats; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Molecular Weight; Nicotine; Pilocarpine; Potassium; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1988 |
Plasma enkephalin-like peptide response to chronic nicotine infusion in guinea pig.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Blood Pressure; Enkephalins; Epinephrine; Guinea Pigs; Heart Rate; Hypertension; Infusion Pumps; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Nicotine; Stimulation, Chemical | 1987 |
Peptide E and its products, BAM 18 and Leu-enkephalin, in bovine adrenal medulla and cultured chromaffin cells: release in response to stimulation.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Chromaffin System; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Nicotine; Peptide Fragments; Peptides; Potassium; Protein Precursors; Radioimmunoassay | 1987 |
Reserpine-induced alterations in the processing of proenkephalin in cultured chromaffin cells. Increased amidation.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Immune Sera; Kinetics; Molecular Weight; Nicotine; Protein Precursors; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Reserpine | 1986 |
Dynorphin in bovine adrenal medulla. I. Detection in glandular and cellular extracts and secretion from isolated chromaffin cells.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Antibody Specificity; Cattle; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Nicotine; Peptide Fragments; Potassium Chloride; Radioimmunoassay | 1982 |
Simultaneous release of neurotensin, somatostatin, enkephalins and catecholamines from perfused cat adrenal glands.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Catecholamines; Cats; Enkephalins; Female; Hexamethonium Compounds; Neurotensin; Nicotine; Potassium Chloride; Radioimmunoassay; Somatostatin | 1982 |
Regional release of [3H]dopamine from rat brain in vitro: effects of opioids on release induced by potassium, nicotine, and L-glutamic acid.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Nicotine; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 1983 |
The role of the substantia nigra in a striatally-evoked motor response in the rat: effects of intranigral drugs and lesions.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Atropine; Corpus Striatum; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalins; Female; Functional Laterality; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Kainic Acid; Mesencephalon; Movement; Nicotine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Strychnine; Substance P; Substantia Nigra | 1981 |
Enkephalins and VIP in human pheochromocytomas and bovine adrenal chromaffin cells.
Topics: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Chromaffin System; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Hormones; In Vitro Techniques; Nicotine; Pheochromocytoma; RNA; Subcellular Fractions; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1982 |
Modulation of nicotinic receptors by opiate receptor agonists in cultured adrenal chromaffin cells.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Catecholamines; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Morphine; Naloxone; Nicotine; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Receptors, Opioid | 1980 |
Evidence that inhibition of nicotine-mediated catecholamine secretion from adrenal chromaffin cells by enkephalin, beta-endorphin, dynorphin (1-13), and opiates is not mediated via specific opiate receptors.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cattle; Chromaffin Granules; Chromaffin System; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Morphine; Narcotics; Nicotine; Norepinephrine; Peptide Fragments; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1982 |
[Demonstration of enkephalins in pheochromocytoma].
Topics: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Cells, Cultured; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Humans; Nicotine; Pheochromocytoma; Protein Biosynthesis; RNA, Messenger | 1982 |
Release of enkephalins and enkephalin-containing polypeptides from perfused beef adrenal glands.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; Barium; Calcium; Cattle; Chromaffin Granules; Chromaffin System; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Nicotine; Protein Precursors | 1980 |
Enkephalin congeners and precursors are synthesized and released by primary cultures of adrenal chromaffin cells.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Nicotine; Protein Precursors | 1981 |
Co-release of enkephalin and catecholamines from cultured adrenal chromaffin cells.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Catecholamines; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Chromaffin Granules; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Nicotine; Receptors, Nicotinic | 1981 |
Acute repeated nicotine injections increase enkephalin and decrease AP-1 DNA binding activity in rat adrenal medulla.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Base Sequence; DNA-Binding Proteins; Drug Administration Schedule; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Transcription Factor AP-1; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1995 |
Pertussis toxin enhances proenkephalin synthesis in bovine chromaffin cells.
Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic AMP; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Histamine; Kinetics; Methionine; Nicotine; Pertussis Toxin; Phorbol Esters; Protein Kinase C; Protein Precursors; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1993 |
Preproenkephalin mRNA and methionine-enkephalin content are increased in mouse striatum after treatment with nicotine.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Nicotine; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Tissue Distribution | 1995 |
Nicotine-induced gene expression of proenkephalin in bovine chromaffin cells.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Base Sequence; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, fos; Genes, jun; Molecular Sequence Data; Nicotine; Protein Precursors; Transcription Factor AP-1; Transcription, Genetic | 1994 |
Effects of nicotine on the concentration of native and cryptic Met- and Leu-enkephalin in peripheral tissues.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Male; Nicotine; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1994 |
Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) regulates tyrosine hydroxylase and proenkephalin mRNA levels in adrenal chromaffin cells.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Calcium; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Enkephalins; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Genes, fos; Molecular Weight; Nervous System Physiological Phenomena; Nicotine; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Veratridine | 1993 |
[Leu5]enkephalin-like immunoreactive amacrine cells are under nicotinic excitatory control during darkness in chicken retina.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Chickens; Darkness; Enkephalin, Leucine; In Vitro Techniques; Nicotine; Parasympatholytics; Parasympathomimetics; Pilocarpine; Radioimmunoassay; Retina; Tubocurarine | 1993 |
Facilitatory modulation of mesolimbic dopamine neuronal activity by a mu-opioid agonist and nicotine as examined with in vivo microdialysis.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Limbic System; Male; Microdialysis; Neurons; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1993 |
Developmental changes in rat adrenal enkephalin precursor: peptide ratio.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Aging; Animals; Carboxypeptidase H; Carboxypeptidases; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Nicotine; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344 | 1993 |
Long-term stimulation of nicotinic receptors is required to increase proenkephalin A mRNA levels and the delayed secretion of [Met5]-enkephalin in bovine adrenal medullary chromaffin cells.
Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Base Sequence; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Cattle; Cholinergic Antagonists; DNA Probes; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gene Expression Regulation; Imidazoles; Isoquinolines; Molecular Sequence Data; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nimodipine; Piperazines; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Transcription, Genetic | 1995 |
Distribution of preproenkephalin, preprotachykinin A, and preprodynorphin mRNAs in the rat nucleus accumbens: effect of repeated administration of nicotine.
Topics: Animals; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Nicotine; Nucleus Accumbens; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Tachykinins | 1996 |
Intrathecally injected nicotine enhances the antinociception induced by morphine but not beta-endorphin, D-Pen2,5-enkephalin and U50,488H administered intrathecally in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Nicotine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Spinal Cord | 1996 |
Nicotine enhances morphine- and beta-endorphin-induced antinociception at the supraspinal level in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Nicotine; Nociceptors; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1996 |
Brain-targeted delivery of a leucine-enkephalin analogue by retrometabolic design.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Dipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-Peptidases; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Design; Enkephalin, Leucine; Esterases; Lipase; Naloxone; Nicotine; Peptides; Prodrugs; Receptors, Opioid | 1996 |
Repeated administration of cocaine, nicotine and ethanol: effects on preprodynorphin, preprotachykinin A and preproenkephalin mRNA expression in the dorsal and the ventral striatum of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Cocaine; Corpus Striatum; Drug Administration Schedule; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Ethanol; In Situ Hybridization; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Nicotine; Nucleus Accumbens; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Tachykinins | 1998 |
Effect of nicotine use and withdrawal on brain preproenkephalin A mRNA.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Northern; Brain; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Male; Nicotine; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tissue Distribution | 1998 |
The effect of chronic administration of nicotine on antinociception, opioid receptor binding and met-enkelphalin levels in rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Hot Temperature; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nociceptors; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Smoking; Tobacco Use Disorder; Tritium | 1999 |
Prenatal nicotine affects catecholamine gene expression in newborn rat carotid body and petrosal ganglion.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Body Weight; Carotid Body; Catecholamines; Enkephalins; Female; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Ganglionic Stimulants; Hemodynamics; In Situ Hybridization; Nicotine; Pregnancy; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Respiratory Mechanics; RNA, Messenger; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Up-Regulation | 2001 |
Met-enkephalin and preproenkephalin mRNA changes in the striatum of the nicotine abstinence mouse.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Blotting, Northern; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Mice; Nicotine; Nucleus Accumbens; Protein Precursors; Radioimmunoassay; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors; Tissue Distribution | 2002 |
Role of proto-oncogenes in the regulation of proenkephalin mRNA expression induced by repeated nicotine injections in rat adrenal medulla.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Blotting, Northern; Blotting, Western; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; DNA-Binding Proteins; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; Enkephalins; Fos-Related Antigen-2; Gene Expression Regulation; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Nicotine; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Response Elements; RNA, Messenger; Transcription Factor AP-1; Transcription Factors | 2002 |
Solid phase microextraction with matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization introduction to mass spectrometry and ion mobility spectrometry.
Topics: Enkephalins; Humans; Myoglobin; Nicotine; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Substance P | 2002 |
Nicotinic induction of preproenkephalin and tyrosine hydroxylase gene expression in butyrate-differentiated rat PC12 cells: a model for adaptation to gut-derived environmental signals.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Northern; Butyrates; Cell Differentiation; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Nicotine; PC12 Cells; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Protein Precursors; Rats; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2003 |
Chronic prenatal nicotine exposure alters enkephalin mRNA regulation in the perinatal rat adrenal medulla.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2003 |
Porcine chromaffin cells, culture, and transplant for antinociceptive effects in rodents and primates.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Catecholamines; Cell Transplantation; Cells, Cultured; Chromaffin Cells; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enkephalins; Haplorhini; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Pain; Pain Measurement; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Swine; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous | 2004 |
Alpha 7-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and prodynorphin mRNA expression after administration of (-)-nicotine and U-50,488H in beta-amyloid peptide (25-35)-treated mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; Mice; Nicotine; Peptide Fragments; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Nicotinic; RNA, Messenger | 2004 |
Nicotine-induced antinociception, rewarding effects, and physical dependence are decreased in mice lacking the preproenkephalin gene.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Conditioning, Classical; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Female; Hot Temperature; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Nicotine; Nucleus Accumbens; Opioid Peptides; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Protein Precursors; Reward; Spatial Behavior; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2005 |
Nicotine modulation of stress-related peptide neurons.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Brain; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Male; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Stress, Physiological; Up-Regulation | 2006 |
Increased spinal dynorphin contributes to chronic nicotine-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Cold Temperature; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Immunochemistry; Immunohistochemistry; Injections, Spinal; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Physical Stimulation; Pressure; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord | 2007 |
Involvement of spinal Met-enkephalin in nicotine-induced antinociception in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Down-Regulation; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Posterior Horn Cells; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger | 2008 |
Dynorphin and prodynorphin mRNA changes in the striatum during nicotine withdrawal.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Mapping; Corpus Striatum; Drug Administration Schedule; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; Mice; Nicotine; Protein Precursors; Radioimmunoassay; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 2008 |
Acute nicotine changes dynorphin and prodynorphin mRNA in the striatum.
Topics: Animals; Caudate Nucleus; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nucleus Accumbens; Protein Precursors; Putamen; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Time Factors | 2009 |
Prodynorphin gene disruption increases the sensitivity to nicotine self-administration in mice.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Nicotine; Protein Precursors; Self Administration | 2009 |
Desensitization of δ-opioid receptors in nucleus accumbens during nicotine withdrawal.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Autoradiography; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Nicotine; Nucleus Accumbens; Protein Binding; Receptors, Opioid, delta; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2011 |
CREB involvement in the regulation of striatal prodynorphin by nicotine.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Benzazepines; Corpus Striatum; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Nicotine; Phosphorylation; Protein Binding; Protein Precursors; Response Elements; Time Factors; Transcription, Genetic | 2012 |
Chronic nicotine treatment impacts the regulation of opioid and non-opioid peptides in the rat dorsal striatum.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Chromatography, Liquid; Chronic Disease; Corpus Striatum; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Isotope Labeling; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuropeptides; Nicotine; Protein Precursors; Proteome; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Somatostatin; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2013 |
Beta-amyloid peptides undergo regulated co-secretion with neuropeptide and catecholamine neurotransmitters.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; Animals; Catecholamines; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Chromaffin Cells; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Epinephrine; Galanin; Ganglionic Stimulants; Humans; Neuroblastoma; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Neuropeptides; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nicotine; Norepinephrine; Peptide Fragments; Secretory Vesicles | 2013 |
Prenatal exposure to nicotine stimulates neurogenesis of orexigenic peptide-expressing neurons in hypothalamus and amygdala.
Topics: Age Factors; Amygdala; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bromodeoxyuridine; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Hypothalamic Hormones; Hypothalamus; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Melanins; Neurogenesis; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Orexins; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Pituitary Hormones; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger | 2013 |
Common effects of fat, ethanol, and nicotine on enkephalin in discrete areas of the brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Central Nervous System Depressants; Corticosterone; Dietary Sucrose; Emulsions; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Neurons; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Phospholipids; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Soybean Oil; Triglycerides | 2014 |
Repeated nicotine exposure modulates prodynorphin and pronociceptin levels in the reward pathway.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Mapping; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Motivation; Motor Activity; Nerve Net; Nicotine; Nociceptin Receptor; Nucleus Accumbens; Opioid Peptides; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Reward; RNA, Messenger; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2016 |
Chronic nicotine-induced changes in gene expression of delta and kappa-opioid receptors and their endogenous ligands in the mesocorticolimbic system of the rat.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Male; Nicotine; Protein Precursors; Random Allocation; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; RNA, Messenger | 2017 |