enkephalin, leucine has been researched along with morphine in 1255 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 712 (56.73) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 447 (35.62) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 62 (4.94) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 30 (2.39) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 4 (0.32) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Cooney, MG; Goodman, M; Osapay, G; Polinsky, A; Toy-Palmer, A | 1 |
| Burke, TR; Konicki, PE; Pert, CB; Quirion, R; Rice, KC | 1 |
| Chung, NN; Coderre, TJ; Fundytus, ME; Lemieux, C; Merovitz, L; Nguyen, TM; Schiller, PW; Weltrowska, G | 1 |
| Arévalo, JC; Arsequell, G; Barreto-Valer, K; Calle, LP; Gonzalez-Nunez, V; Jiménez-Barbero, J; Marcelo, F; Rodríguez, RE; Rosa, M; Sánchez-Sánchez, J; Valencia, G | 1 |
| Argade, MD; Creed, SM; Friesen, JB; Gutridge, AM; Hennessy, MR; Pauli, GF; Riley, AP; van Rijn, RM | 1 |
| Frederickson, RC | 1 |
| Segal, M | 1 |
| Colpaert, FC; Janssen, PA; Niemegeers, CJ; Van Ree, JM | 1 |
| Gardier, RW | 1 |
| Cieszkowski, M; Coy, DH; Jaworek, J; Konturek, SJ; Schally, AV; Tasler, J | 1 |
| Huang, JT; Lajtha, A | 1 |
| Klee, WA; Knight, M | 1 |
| Bruno, F; Carenzi, A; Frigeni, V; Racagni, G; Santini, V | 1 |
| Starr, MS | 1 |
| Somoza, E | 1 |
| Besson, JM; Le Bars, D; Oliveras, JL | 1 |
| Simon, EJ | 1 |
| Davies, J | 1 |
| Donabedian, RK; Extein, I; Gold, MS; Goodwin, FK; Redmond, DE | 1 |
| Brown, B; Dettmar, PW; Dobson, PR; Lynn, AG; Metcalf, G; Morgan, BA | 1 |
| Taube, HD | 1 |
| Segal, DS | 1 |
| Browne, RG; Derrington, DC; Segal, DS | 1 |
| De Coen, JL; Humblet, C; Koch, MH | 1 |
| Keane, PE; Neal, H | 1 |
| Arrigo Reina, R; Ferri, S; Santagostino, A; Scoto, GM; Spadaro, C | 1 |
| Mello, NK; Mendelson, JH | 1 |
| Dunai-Kovács, Z; Miglécz, E; Székely, JI | 1 |
| Katz, RJ; Schmaltz, K | 3 |
| Waluś, KM | 1 |
| Belluzzi, JD; Stein, L | 2 |
| Costa, E; Dill, RE | 1 |
| Bauer, W; Buescher, HH; Cardinaux, F; Closse, A; Hauser, D; Hill, RC; Huguenin, R; Pless, J; Roemer, D | 1 |
| Llorens-Cortes, C; Pollard, H; Schwartz, JC | 1 |
| Terenius, L | 2 |
| Blume, AJ; Finberg, JP; Shorr, J; Spector, S | 1 |
| Griffin, JF; Smith, D | 1 |
| Blume, AJ | 1 |
| Casacci, F; Della Bella, D; Sassi, A | 1 |
| Davies, J; Dray, A | 1 |
| Frenk, H; Liebeskind, JC; Urca, G | 1 |
| Frederickson, RC; Huang, SP; Rudy, TA; Yaksh, TL | 1 |
| Coy, DH; Konturek, SJ; Pawlik, W; Schally, AV; Waluś, KM | 1 |
| Mashkovskiĭ, MD | 1 |
| Belluzzi, JD; Dheer, S; Dvonch, W; Gluckman, MI; McGregor, WH; Stein, L | 1 |
| Henry, JL; Lal, S; Tan, AT; Tsang, D | 1 |
| Champagnat, J; Denavit-Saubié, M; Zieglgänsberger, W | 1 |
| Ikezono, E; Kumazawa, T; Matsumoto, I; Watanabe, Y | 1 |
| Hanko, JH; Hardebo, JE | 1 |
| Haigler, HJ; Spring, DD | 2 |
| Makman, MH; Walczak, SA; Wilkening, D | 1 |
| Guyon, A; Malfroy, B; Roques, BP; Schwartz, JC; Swerts, JP | 1 |
| Arimura, A; Chihara, K; Coy, DH; Schally, AV | 1 |
| Garrett, KM; Mutchler, TL; Ross, DH | 1 |
| Fry, JP; Herz, A; Zieglgänsberger, W | 2 |
| Chang, KJ; Cuatrecasas, P | 2 |
| Ackermann, RF; Engel, J; Frenk, H; Liebeskind, JC; Shavit, Y | 1 |
| Meunier, JC; Zajac, JM | 1 |
| Akaike, A; Satoh, M; Takagi, H | 1 |
| Rothman, RB; Westfall, TC | 3 |
| Khazan, N; Moreton, JE; Tortella, FC | 2 |
| Arancibia, S; Enjalbert, A; Kordon, C; Priam, M; Ruberg, M | 2 |
| Meldrum, BS; Menini, C; Naquet, R; Stutzmann, JM | 1 |
| Huidobro, F; Huidobro-Toro, JP; Miranda, H | 2 |
| Klee, WA | 1 |
| Hiripi, L; Stefano, GB | 1 |
| Chang, KJ; Cooper, BR; Cuatrecasas, P; Hazum, E | 1 |
| Deakin, JF; Dostrovsky, JO | 1 |
| Duka, T; Gramsch, C; Haarmann, I; Herz, A; Höllt, V; Kleber, G; Przewłocki, R | 1 |
| Leipold, B; Richter, D | 1 |
| Ferreira, SH; Nakamura, M | 3 |
| Takagi, H | 1 |
| Coy, DH; Kastin, AJ; Olson, GA; Olson, RD | 1 |
| Burt, SK; Loew, GH | 1 |
| Bloom, FE; Guillemin, R; Henriksen, SJ; Ling, N; McCoy, F | 1 |
| Deyo, SN; Miller, RJ; Swift, RM | 1 |
| Ervin, GN; Manberg, PJ; Nemeroff, CB; Osbahr, AJ; Prange, AJ | 1 |
| Costa, E; Fratta, W; Hong, JS; Moroni, F; Yang, HY | 1 |
| Konturek, SJ | 1 |
| Buescher, HH; Hill, RC; Roemer, D | 1 |
| Connors, M; Rothberg, RM; Wainer, BH; Wung, WE | 1 |
| Sastry, BR | 2 |
| Azov, R; Shani, J; Weissman, BA | 1 |
| Moore, AF | 1 |
| Frederickson, RC; Richter, JA; Wesche, DL | 1 |
| Huidobro-Toro, JP; Way, EL | 3 |
| Meltzer, HY; So, R | 1 |
| Downs, DA; Wiley, JN | 1 |
| Bhargava, HN | 4 |
| Takemori, AE; Vaught, JL | 3 |
| Johansson, P; Josefsson, JO | 1 |
| Beubler, E; Lembeck, F | 1 |
| Broekkamp, CL; Phillips, AG | 1 |
| Bajusz, S; Gráf, L; Miglécz, E; Székely, JI | 1 |
| Gudelsky, GA; Porter, JC | 1 |
| Konturek, S; Król, R; Thor, P; Waluś, KM | 1 |
| Bajorek, JG; Chesarek, W; Felmar, M; Lomax, P | 1 |
| Zetler, G | 1 |
| Bäuerle, U; Bläsig, J; Herz, A | 1 |
| Login, IS; Macleod, RM | 1 |
| Besson, JM; Dickenson, AH; Fardin, V; Le Bars, D | 1 |
| del Río, J; Garzón, J; Moratalla, R | 2 |
| Baxter, MG; Follenfant, RL; Miller, AA; Sethna, DM | 1 |
| Pert, A; Sivit, C | 1 |
| Malin, DH; Sarantakis, D; Ungar, AL; Ungar, G | 1 |
| Herz, A; Höllt, V; Wesche, D | 1 |
| Berney, S; Hornykiewicz, O | 1 |
| Li, CH; Loh, HH; Tseng, LF | 1 |
| Altstetter, R; Bergmann, F; Weissman, BA | 1 |
| Amano, H; Shiomi, H; Takagi, H; Ueda, H | 1 |
| Agnati, LF; Bolme, P; Bradley, R; Fuxe, K; Smythies, J | 1 |
| Forer, M; Nir, A | 1 |
| Berti, F; Bruno, F; Iuliano, E; Longiave, D; Mandelli, V; Racagni, G | 1 |
| Clark, DE; Lien, EL; McGregor, WH | 1 |
| Carney, JM; Rosecrans, JA | 1 |
| Cowie, AT; Hart, IC | 1 |
| Carney, JM; Day, AR; Dewey, WL; Freer, RJ; Rosecrans, JA | 1 |
| Feldberg, W; Wei, E | 1 |
| Chipkin, RE; Crowley, TJ; Morris, DH; Stewart, JM | 1 |
| Dray, F; Gros, C; Malfroy, B; Schwartz, JC; Swerts, JP | 1 |
| Berti, F; Bruno, F; Omini, C; Racagni, G | 1 |
| Akaike, A; Fukui, K; Kuraishi, Y; Shiomi, H; Takagi, H | 1 |
| Kamikawa, Y; Shimo, Y | 2 |
| Bajusz, S; Cocchi, D; Locatelli, V; Müller, EE; Spampinato, S | 1 |
| Kalat, JW | 1 |
| Bajusz, S; Dunai-Kovács, Z; Miglécz, E; Rónai, AZ; Székely, JI | 1 |
| Chipkin, RE; Morris, DH; Stewart, JM | 1 |
| Akera, T; Brody, TM; Davis, ME | 1 |
| Baxter, MG; Goff, D; Miller, AA; Saunders, IA | 1 |
| Clark, WG | 1 |
| Frenk, H; Liebeskind, JC; Taylor, AN; Urca, G | 1 |
| Cocchi, D; Ferri, S; Gil-Ad, I; Müller, EE; Santagostino, A | 1 |
| Li, CH; Loh, HH; Tseng, LF; Wei, ET | 1 |
| Bruni, JF; Marshall, S; Meites, J; Van Vugt, D | 1 |
| Hosein, EA; Lapalme, M; Vadas, EB | 1 |
| Li, CH; Tseng, Lf; Yamashiro, D | 1 |
| Dininger, NB; Frederickson, RC; Jackson, L; Shaar, CJ | 1 |
| Coy, DH; Kastin, AJ; King, MG; Schally, AV; Scollan, EL | 1 |
| Berggren, A; Rubenson, A; Sillén, U | 1 |
| Maixner, W; Suarez-Roca, H | 1 |
| Di Giulio, AM; Donadoni, ML; Finco, C; Germani, E; Gorio, A; Malosio, ML; Mantegazza, P; Tenconi, B | 1 |
| Grossman, A; Hucks, D; Joel, SP; McLoughlin, L; Patel, N; Rees, LH; Slevin, ML; Thompson, PI | 1 |
| Grouhel, A; Junien, JL; Pascaud, X; Roman, FJ; Soulard, C | 1 |
| McDonald, JS; Rattan, AK; Tejwani, GA | 1 |
| Haaseth, RC; Horan, P; Hruby, VJ; Matsunaga, TO; Porreca, F; Tallarida, RJ | 1 |
| Eriksson, PS; Hansson, E; Rönnbäck, L | 2 |
| Aoki, T; Kamei, J; Kasuya, Y; Kawasima, N; Ohhashi, Y | 1 |
| Cros, J; Frances, B; Gout, R; Monsarrat, B; Zajac, JM | 1 |
| Besse, D; Besson, JM; Lombard, MC | 1 |
| Tang, RR; Tseng, LF | 1 |
| Il'ina, AD; Iukhananov, RIu; Klodt, PM; Varfolomeev, SD; Zaĭtsev, SV | 1 |
| Bowen, WD; Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F; Portoghese, PS; Sultana, M; Takemori, AE | 1 |
| Malmberg, AB; Yaksh, TL | 1 |
| Connelly, CD; Martinez, RP; Raffa, RB | 2 |
| Billings, B; Candido, J; Duttaroy, A; Yoburn, BC | 1 |
| Balboa, JL; Belmonte, A; Castaño, MT; Freire-Garabal, M; Núñez, MJ | 1 |
| Laorden, ML; Micol, JA | 2 |
| Iinuma, K; Onodera, K; Suzuki, T; Watanabe, T; Yokoyama, H | 1 |
| DeLander, GE; Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F | 1 |
| Barinaga, M | 1 |
| Cabral, JD; Leedham, JA; Monroe, PJ; Robertson, B; Smith, DJ; Taylor, DA | 1 |
| Dziedzicka, M; Lasoń, W; Przewłocka, B; Przewłocki, R | 1 |
| Billings, B; Candido, J; Duttaroy, A; Lutfy, K; Sierra, V; Yoburn, BC; Zito, SW | 1 |
| Kastin, AJ; Kersh, D; Wyatt, A; Zadina, JE | 1 |
| Bot, G; Brent, PJ; Chahl, LA; Johnston, PA | 1 |
| Baumeister, AA; Hurry, MJ; Richard, AL; Richmond-Landeche, L; Waguespack, AM | 1 |
| Basbaum, AI; Brown, JL; Matos, FF; Rollema, H | 1 |
| Hylden, JK; Kitto, K; Lei, S; Roerig, SC; Wilcox, GL | 1 |
| Espinoza, K; Tempel, A | 1 |
| Cunningham, ST; Kelley, AE | 1 |
| Hudson, GM; Marquis, KL; Stamidis, H; Young, GA | 1 |
| Bhattacharya, SK; Saraswati, M; Sen, AP | 1 |
| Collins, KA; Tseng, LF | 4 |
| Han, JS; Ma, QP; Shi, YS | 1 |
| Bot, G; Brent, PJ | 1 |
| Fournié-Zaluski, MC; Maldonado, R; Roques, BP | 1 |
| Han, JS; Ma, QP | 3 |
| Harbuz, M; Kawata, M; Lightman, SL; Russell, JA; Sumner, BE | 1 |
| Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F; Vanderah, T; Wild, KD | 1 |
| Abdelhamid, EE; Portoghese, PS; Sultana, M; Takemori, AE | 1 |
| Christensen, CB; Reiff, L | 1 |
| Abdelhamid, EE; Takemori, AE | 1 |
| Mjanger, E; Yaksh, TL | 1 |
| Bridges, RS; Kinsley, CH; Mann, PE | 1 |
| Chang, SC; Lutfy, K; Sierra, V; Yoburn, BC | 1 |
| Chiba, S; Nishida, N; Yasuhara, Y | 1 |
| Long, JB; Rothman, RB; Yang, HY | 1 |
| deCosta, B; Jiang, Q; Porreca, F; Rice, KC | 1 |
| Bhargava, HN; Gulati, A | 2 |
| Bennett, LE; Fleming, WW; Leedham, JA; Taylor, DA | 1 |
| Collins, JG; Kitahata, LM; Nakatani, K; Omote, K | 1 |
| Frank, C; Proietti, ML; Sagratella, S; Scotti De Carolis, A; Trampus, M | 1 |
| de Costa, BR; Drower, EJ; Hammond, DL; Rafferty, MF; Rice, KC; Stapelfeld, A | 1 |
| Jessop, JJ; Taplits, MS | 1 |
| Adler, MW; Eisenstein, TK; Rogers, TJ; Taub, DD | 1 |
| Ford, MJ; Meriney, SD; Oliva, D; Pilar, G | 1 |
| Fadda, P; Fratta, W; Tortorella, A | 1 |
| Bhargava, HN; Gulati, A; Rahmani, NH | 1 |
| Barnes, NM; Bunce, KT; Naylor, RJ; Rudd, JA | 1 |
| Gromov, LA; Krivorotov, SV | 1 |
| d'Amore, A; Lorenzini, P; Massotti, M | 1 |
| Bodnar, R; Pasternak, GW; Paul, D | 1 |
| Kamei, J; Kasuya, Y; Tanihara, H | 1 |
| Hammer, RP; Ricalde, AR; Seatriz, JV | 1 |
| Cowan, A; Li, SX; Liu-Chen, LY; Wheeler-Aceto, H | 1 |
| Bousselmame, R; Costentin, J; Michael-Titus, A | 1 |
| Christensen, CB; Geisler, A; Mørk, A | 1 |
| Cheng, J; Pasternak, GW; Paul, D; Pick, CG | 1 |
| Adams, ML; Brase, DA; Dewey, WL; Morris, DL | 1 |
| Hattori, Y; Katafuchi, T; Koizumi, K | 1 |
| Adams, JU; Holtzman, SG | 2 |
| Johnson, SM | 1 |
| Casellas, AM; Guardiola, H; Renaud, FL | 1 |
| Dubner, R; Hylden, JL; Iadarola, MJ; Nahin, RL; Thomas, DA | 1 |
| Bodnar, RJ; Kepler, KL; Kest, B; Pasternak, GW; Paul, D; Standifer, KM | 1 |
| Alberch, J; Arenas, E; Marsal, J | 2 |
| Naftchi, NE | 1 |
| Duan, DS; Eiger, S; Lameh, J; Sadée, W; Yu, VC | 1 |
| Li, H; Li, X; Ruan, H; Yuan, H | 1 |
| Blais, DP; de Groat, WC; Erdman, S; Kawatani, M; Thor, KB | 1 |
| Bugajski, J; Fogel, WA; Turon, M | 1 |
| Jones, AJ; Keen, P; Ray, NJ | 1 |
| Ferri, S; Lesa, G; Romualdi, P | 2 |
| Adler, MW; Eisenstein, TK; Geller, EB; Rogers, TJ; Taub, DD | 1 |
| Fujimoto, JM; Rady, JJ; Roerig, SC | 1 |
| Huang, XD; Wong, TM | 1 |
| Butt, W; Cowan, A; Fisher, RS; Krevsky, B; Maurer, AH | 1 |
| Garzón, J; Sánchez-Blázquez, P | 4 |
| Pasternak, GW; Paul, D; Pick, CG | 1 |
| Bochner, F; Chen, ZR; Irvine, RJ; Somogyi, AA | 1 |
| Chiba, S; Nishida, N | 1 |
| Carr, DB; Cepeda, MS; Lipkowski, AW; Osgood, PF; Silbert, BS; Szyfelbein, SK | 2 |
| Allen, JT; Brostrom, PA; DeHaven-Hudkins, DL; Ferkany, JW; Kaplita, PV; Lesko, LJ; Mavunkel, BJ; Rzeszotarski, WJ; Steranka, LR | 1 |
| Erdö, F; Máté, I; Polgár, K; Székely, JI | 1 |
| Collins, JG; Kitahata, LM; Nakagawa, I; Nakatani, K; Omote, K | 1 |
| Amerini, S; Ledda, F; Mantelli, L; Rubino, A | 1 |
| Arts, KS; Fujimoto, JM; Rady, JJ; Tseng, LF | 1 |
| Suh, HH; Tseng, LF | 4 |
| Alberch, J; Arenas, E; Marsal, J; Sanchez Arroyos, R | 1 |
| Amerini, S; Ledda, F; Mantelli, L | 1 |
| Osborne, PB; Pan, ZZ; Williams, JT | 1 |
| Belcheva, S; Kosteljanetz, N; Kupenova, P; Popova, E; Vitanova, L | 1 |
| Arts, KS; Fujimoto, JM; Holmes, BB | 1 |
| Calcagnetti, DJ; Holtzman, SG | 1 |
| Fournié-Zaluski, MC; Noble, F; Peyroux, J; Roques, BP; Schmidt, C | 1 |
| Ayesta, FJ; Flórez, J | 1 |
| Cone, EJ; Johnson, RE; Su, TP; Vaupel, DB | 1 |
| Jiang, Q; Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F | 2 |
| Biswas, R; Maneckjee, R; Vonderhaar, BK | 1 |
| Bettaney, J; Dray, A; James, IF; Ketchum, SB; Perkins, MN | 1 |
| Knapp, RJ; Yamamura, HI | 1 |
| Bodnar, RJ; Pasternak, GW; Paul, D | 1 |
| Mickley, GA; Mulvihill, MA; Postler, MA | 1 |
| LoPresti, D; Porreca, F; Ward, SJ | 1 |
| Baba, A; Doi, M; Inoue, M; Ishida, T; Iwata, H; Katagawa, Y; Kitamura, K; Sadatome, T; Yara, H; Yasuda, M | 1 |
| Boon, F; Cain, DP; Corcoran, ME | 1 |
| Goromaru, N; Kanematsu, K; Koike, K; Konno, F; Mori, T; Takayanagi, I; Yoshida, M | 1 |
| Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F; Qi, JN | 1 |
| Evans, RG; Ludbrook, J | 1 |
| Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F; Qi, JA | 1 |
| Bowen, WD; Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F; Qi, JA; Rothman, RB | 1 |
| Coombes, JE; Pumford, KM; Russell, JA; Sumner, BE | 1 |
| Ayres, EA; Burks, TF; Davis, P | 1 |
| Lutfy, K; Sierra, V; Yoburn, BC | 2 |
| Martin, RJ; Roane, DS | 1 |
| Nishida, N | 1 |
| Green, J; Harris, S; Lloyd, P; Lozito, R; Messineo, E; Ossipov, MH | 1 |
| Cowan, A; Murray, CW | 1 |
| Calvet, R; Guitart, X; Marsal, J; Saltó, C; Solsona, C | 1 |
| Jones, SL; Light, AR; Sedivec, MJ | 1 |
| Höllt, V; Reimer, S | 1 |
| Akil, H; Trujillo, KA | 2 |
| Andreou, A; Angelopoulos, EK; Koutsoukos, E; Loukas, S; Maillis, A; Stefanis, C; Zioudrou, C | 1 |
| Carr, DB; Lipkowski, AW; Osgood, PF; Silbert, BS; Szyfelbein, SK | 1 |
| Burks, TF; Malarchik, ME; Moseberg, HI; Porreca, F; Rivière, PJ; Sheldon, RJ | 1 |
| García Antón, JM; Reig, F; Rodríguez, FD; Rodríguez, RE; Sacristán, MP; Torres, JL; Valencia, G | 1 |
| Jiang, Q; Porreca, F; Tallarida, RJ | 1 |
| Cherubini, E; Morita, K; North, RA | 1 |
| Dua, AK; LaBella, FS; Pinsky, C | 1 |
| Hansen, HA; Mulder, AH; Schoffelmeer, AN; Stoof, JC | 2 |
| Mulder, AH; Schoffelmeer, AN; Wierenga, EA | 1 |
| Finesso, M; Gorio, A; Prosdocimi, M | 1 |
| Cesselin, F; Hamon, M; Legrand, JC; Lutz, O; Mauborgne, A | 1 |
| Ai, MK; Guan, XM; Vacca, LL; Zhu, CG | 1 |
| Kaliner, MA; Logun, C; Lundgren, J; Shelhamer, JH | 1 |
| Drozd, IuV; Iasnetsov, VV; Shashkov, VS | 1 |
| Barnes, PJ; Frossard, N | 1 |
| Das, N; Gupta, VS; Mediratta, PK; Sen, P | 2 |
| Barnes, PJ; Belvisi, MG; Chung, KF; Jackson, DM | 1 |
| Benoliel, JJ; Bourgoin, S; Cesselin, F; Hamon, M; Mauborgne, A; Pohl, M | 1 |
| Beitner, DB; Duman, RS; Nestler, EJ | 1 |
| Costa, T; Lang, J | 1 |
| Iyengar, S; Kim, HS; Marien, MR; McHugh, D; Wood, PL | 1 |
| Stevens, CW; Yaksh, TL | 2 |
| Costa, E; Mocchetti, I; Ritter, A | 1 |
| deGroat, WC; Hisamitsu, T; Nagel, J; Roppolo, JR; Thor, KB; Tuttle, P | 1 |
| Beamer, KC; Vargish, T | 1 |
| Burks, TF; Gehrig, CA; Hruby, VJ; Lemcke, PK; Shook, JE | 1 |
| Basbaum, AI; Levine, JD; Perry, F; Taiwo, YO | 1 |
| Kwen-Jen, C; Russell, RD | 1 |
| Kobylyansky, AG; Nesterenko, PN; Pivovarov, AS; Yarygin, KN | 1 |
| Brady, LS; Bykov, V; Holaday, JW; Jacobson, AE; Long, JB; Rice, KC; Rothman, RB | 1 |
| Jackson, HC; Kitchen, I | 1 |
| Archer, S; Bidlack, JM; Frey, DK; Seyed-Mozaffari, A | 1 |
| Haaseth, RC; Heyman, JS; Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F; Vaught, JL | 1 |
| Bueno, L; Gué, M; Junien, JL | 1 |
| Kimura, T; Koyanagawa, H; Musha, T; Satoh, E; Satoh, S | 1 |
| Dewey, WL; Singha, AK; Welch, SP | 1 |
| Chavkin, C; Opheim, KE; Wimpey, TL | 1 |
| Bodnar, RJ; Gistrak, MA; Pasternak, GW; Paul, D | 1 |
| Grehn, L; Herrera-Marschitz, M; Terenius, L; Ungerstedt, U | 1 |
| Cox, BM; Puttfarcken, PS | 1 |
| Levine, JD; Taiwo, YO | 1 |
| Bogdanov, EG | 1 |
| Kaneto, H; Kawasaki, K; Maeda, M; Takahashi, M; Watanabe, J | 1 |
| Delay-Goyet, P; Meucci, E; Roques, BP; Zajac, JM | 1 |
| Nunan, L; Porreca, F; Sheldon, RJ | 2 |
| Fujimoto, JM; Roerig, SC | 1 |
| Laniyonu, AA; Ohia, SE | 1 |
| Kumazawa, T; Minagawa, M; Mizumura, K; Sato, J | 1 |
| Chiba, S; Fujino, M; Hasegawa, Y; Nishida, N; Wakimasu, M | 1 |
| Garzón, J; Sánchez-Blázquez, P; Ulibarri, I | 1 |
| Aubry, A; Birlirakis, N; Marraud, M; Sakarellos, C; Sakarellos-Daitsiotis, M | 1 |
| Bernardi, G; Calabresi, P; Mercuri, NB; Stanzione, P; Stefani, A | 1 |
| Han, JS; Han, SP; Lu, Z; Ren, MF; Wang, JF; Wang, XJ | 1 |
| Costa, T; Herz, A; Vachon, L | 1 |
| Costa, E; Mocchetti, I | 1 |
| Blancquaert, JP; Lefebvre, RA; Willems, JL | 1 |
| Pasternak, GW; Recht, LD | 1 |
| Jacoby, HI; Mathiasen, JR; Raffa, RB | 1 |
| Kennedy, C; Krier, J | 1 |
| Heyman, JS; Mosberg, HI; Mulvaney, SA; Porreca, F | 1 |
| Gratton, A; Jenck, F; Wise, RA | 1 |
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| Capasso, A; Sorrentino, L | 1 |
| Kishimoto, Y; Maeda, J; Misawa, M; Mori, T; Nagase, H; Suzuki, T; Tsuji, M | 1 |
| Contarino, A; Drago, F; Giusti, P; Lipartiti, M; Natolino, F; Zanotti, A | 1 |
| Bhargava, HN; Bian, JT; Kumar, S | 1 |
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| Kuraishi, Y; Tohda, C; Yamaguchi, T | 1 |
| Ingram, S; McCleskey, EW; Wilding, TJ; Williams, JT | 1 |
| Handa, RJ; Yukhananov, RY | 1 |
| Elliott, J; Guo, L; Traynor, JR | 1 |
| Choi, SR; Huh, SO; Kim, YH; Song, DK; Suh, HW | 1 |
| Blake, AD; Bot, G; Li, S; Reisine, T | 1 |
| Rothe, KS; Stevens, CW | 1 |
| Kitto, KF; Limbird, LE; MacMillan, LB; Stone, LS; Wilcox, GL | 1 |
| Kelley, AE; Zhang, M | 1 |
| Mathé, AA; Nylander, I; Stenfors, C; Tan-No, K; Terenius, L | 1 |
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| Berrettini, WH; Ferraro, TN; Golden, GT; Kürschner, VC; Petruzzi, R | 1 |
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| Bayer, BM; Mellon, RD | 1 |
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| von Zastrow, M; Whistler, JL | 2 |
| Cheung, P; Li, JG; Liu-Chen, LY; Raffa, RB; Tzeng, TB | 1 |
| Celver, JP; Chavkin, C; Kovoor, A; Wu, A | 1 |
| Heder, G; Melzig, MF; Siems, WE; Zipper, J | 1 |
| Miczek, KA; Vivian, JA | 1 |
| Abdulla, FA; Smith, PA | 1 |
| Capasso, A; Pinto, A; Sorrentino, L | 1 |
| Fujimoto, JM; Gorny, JM; Rady, JJ | 1 |
| Fukunaga, Y; Inoue, N; Kishioka, S; Miyamoto, M; Yamamoto, H | 1 |
| Kramer, HK; Simon, EJ | 1 |
| Holtzman, SG; Waddell, AB | 1 |
| Ambrosio, E; Corchero, J; Crespo, JA; Fuentes, JA; García-Lecumberri, C; Manzanares, J; Martín, S | 1 |
| Fuchs, PN; Raja, SN; Roza, C; Sora, I; Uhl, G | 1 |
| DeAntonio, I; DeFelipe, J; García-España, A; Garzón, J; Rodríguez, JR; Sánchez-Blázquez, P | 1 |
| Chang, A; King, M; Pasternak, GW | 1 |
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| Labuz, D; Mika, J; Przewłocka, B; Przewłocki, R; Toth, G | 1 |
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| Minami, M; Nakagawa, T; Ozawa, T; Satoh, M; Watanabe, T | 1 |
| Fujimoto, JM; Holmes, BB; Rady, JJ | 1 |
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| Dickenson, A; Fitzgerald, M; Hatch, D; Marsh, D | 2 |
| Bidlack, JM; Gross, RA; Hinkle, PM; Jiang, H; McLaughlin, JP; Romoser, VA; Samoriski, GM; Smrcka, A; Wu, D; Xie, W | 1 |
| Ananthan, S; Bilsky, EJ; Carter, RL; Davis, P; Dersch, CM; Kezar, HS; Porreca, F; Rice, KC; Rothman, RB; Saini, SK; Wells, JL; Xu, H | 1 |
| Cavani, F; Mattocks, D; Nieto-Fernandez, FE; Salzet, M; Stefano, GB | 1 |
| Roth, BL; Willins, DL | 1 |
| Chu, P; Chuang, HH; Jan, LY; von Zastrow, M; Whistler, JL | 1 |
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| Beslot, F; Ledent, C; Parmentier, M; Roques, BP; Valverde, O | 1 |
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| Abe, K; Chikuma, T; Chyuma, T; Kato, M; Kushida, K; Shigenaga, T; Taguchi, K | 1 |
| Lipkowski, AW; Narita, M; Suzuki, T; Yamazaki, M | 1 |
| Benavides, J; Fournié-Zaluski, MC; Nieto, MM; Noble, F; Roques, BP; Walker, J; Wilson, J | 1 |
| Hahn, H; Konig, M; Maldonado, R; Robledo, P; Valjent, E; Valverde, O; Zimmer, A; Zimmer, AM | 1 |
| Cupo, A; Nieto, MM; Noble, F; Roques, BP; Wilson, J | 1 |
| Fiore, P; Gannon, RL; Tierno, A | 1 |
| Besson, JM; Buritova, J; Fournié-Zaluski, MC; Le Guen, S; Noble, F; Roques, BP | 1 |
| Natorska, J; Plytycz, B | 1 |
| Bakalkin, G; Esashi, A; Kisara, K; Nakagawasai, O; Niijima, F; Sakurada, C; Sakurada, T; Tadano, T; Tan-No, K; Terenius, L | 1 |
| Davis, TP; Egleton, RD; Huber, JD; Witt, KA | 1 |
| Johnson, AD; Peoples, J; Stornetta, RL; Van Bockstaele, EJ | 1 |
| Iniushkin, AN | 1 |
| King, MA; Nitsche, JF; Pasternak, GW; Pintar, JE; Schuller, AG; Zengh, M | 1 |
| Fink, DJ; Glorioso, JC; Goins, W; Hao, S; Mata, M | 1 |
| Chaipatikul, V; Law, PY; Loh, HH | 1 |
| Christie, MJ; Hack, SP; Vaughan, CW | 1 |
| Clark, JD; Li, X; Liang, D; Lighthall, G | 1 |
| Fujimoto, JM; Leitermann, RJ; Sun, HS; Thompson, J; Tseng, LF; Wu, HE | 1 |
| Avena, NM; Goddard, NL; Hoebel, BG; Leibowitz, SF; Spangler, R; Wittkowski, KM | 1 |
| Hnatczuk, OC; Slamberová, R; Vathy, I | 1 |
| Cox, ML; Welch, SP | 1 |
| Cui, CL; Han, JS; Luo, F; Ma, YY; Ren, W; Shi, XD; Wang, GB | 1 |
| Hong, Y; Huang, H; Zeng, X | 1 |
| Clithero, AD; Leitermann, RJ; Sun, HS; Terashvili, M; Tseng, LF; Wu, HE | 1 |
| Bakalkin, G; Marinova, Z; Nakagawasai, O; Niijima, F; Sakurada, S; Sato, T; Satoh, S; Tadano, T; Takahashi, H; Tan-No, K; Terenius, L; Yakovleva, T | 1 |
| Goldstein, JM; Malick, JB | 1 |
| Bagley, EE; Chieng, BC; Christie, MJ; Hack, SP | 1 |
| Lam, HA; Maidment, NT; Narayanan, S; Shoblock, J; Skoubis, PD | 1 |
| Besson, MJ; Daugé, V; Durand, C; Giros, B; Penit-Soria, J; Vazquez, V | 1 |
| Esch, T; Fricchione, G; Goumon, Y; Stefano, GB | 1 |
| Bilecki, W; Chadzinska, M; Pierzchala-Koziec, K; Plytycz, B; Przewlocka, B; Przewlocki, R; Scislowska-Czarnecka, A; Starowicz, K | 1 |
| Hayward, MD; Low, MJ | 1 |
| Laurito, CE; Lu, Y; Pappas, GD; Peters, MC; Vota-Vellis, G; Wilson, SP; Yeomans, DC | 1 |
| Bezard, E; Bilbao, A; Chen, JF; Cippitelli, A; Granado, N; Martín, AB; Moratalla, R; Navarro, M; Ortiz, O; Rodríguez de Fonseca, F | 1 |
| Baliram, R; Friedman, TC; Gajawada, N; Lutfy, K; Marquez, P | 1 |
| Chiu, K; Evans, CJ; Kieffer, BL; Maidment, NT; Walwyn, WM; Wei, W; Xie, CW | 1 |
| Misra, N; Prasad, O; Sinha, L | 1 |
| Ambrosio, E; del Olmo, N; García-Lecumberri, C; Higuera-Matas, A; Martín, S; Miguéns, M; Sánchez-Cardoso, P | 1 |
| Chen, YJ; Hong, YG; Jiang, JP | 1 |
| Candeletti, S; Cannarsa, R; Cavina, C; Lopetuso, G; Romualdi, P | 1 |
| Barakos, E; D'Amato, FR; Obara, I; Pavone, F; Przewlocka, B; Ziolkowska, B | 1 |
| Alloui, A; Baron, A; Blondeau, N; Cupo, A; Diochot, S; Eschalier, A; Escoubas, P; Gélot, A; Heurteaux, C; Lazdunski, M; Mazzuca, M; Voilley, N; Zimmer, A; Zimmer, AM | 1 |
| Maidment, NT; Shoblock, JR | 1 |
| Benturquia, N; Bilkei-Gorzo, A; Noble, F; Roques, BP; Zimmer, A | 1 |
| Bonney, I; Carr, DB; Klinowiecka, A; Kosson, D; Kosson, P; Lipkowski, AW; Mayzner-Zawadzka, E | 1 |
| Fink, DJ; Hao, S; Hu, J | 1 |
| Chen, TC; Cheng, YY; Shyu, BC; Sun, WZ | 1 |
| Hervera, A; Leánez, S; Pol, O | 1 |
| Bochenski, M; Gibula-Bruzda, E; Izdebski, J; Kotlinska, J; Lagowska-Lenard, M; Witkowska, E | 1 |
| Chavkin, C; Gleason, CA; Hays, SL; Juul, SE; McPherson, RJ; Vien, TN | 1 |
| Daugé, V; Giros, B; Morel, LJ | 1 |
| Cui, CL; Han, JS; Li, YJ; Liang, J; Ma, YY; Ping, XJ; Wu, LZ | 1 |
| Borrell, BM; Robishaw, JD; Schwindinger, WF; Waldman, LC | 1 |
| Agalou, A; Georganta, EM; Georgoussi, Z | 1 |
| Földes, A; Kovács, KJ; Luisa Laorden, M; Martín, F; Núñez, C; Victoria Milanés, M | 1 |
| Lazarczyk, M; Lipkowski, AW; Matyja, E | 1 |
| Buch, SK; Bull, C; El-Hage, N; Fitting, S; Hauser, KF; Knapp, PE; Nath, A; Xu, R | 1 |
| Aoki, Y; Ishikawa, M; Kanno, S; Mizoguchi, H; Natsui, S; Osada, S; Sakurada, S; Sakurada, T; Watanabe, C; Yonezawa, A; Yoshioka, M | 1 |
| Benturquia, N; Canestrelli, C; Crete, D; Mas Nieto, M; Noble, F; Roques, BP; Wilson, J | 1 |
| Hruby, VJ; Wu, Z | 1 |
| Fink, DJ; Glorioso, JC; Goss, J; Krisky, D; Mata, M; Wechuck, J; Wolfe, D | 1 |
| Casaccia, P; DiNieri, JA; Dow-Edwards, D; Hurd, YL; Kaur, J; Spano, SM; Szutorisz, H; Wang, X | 1 |
| Beresewicz, M; Kawalec, M; Kowalczyk, JE; Lipkowski, AW; Zablocka, B | 1 |
| Adenan, MI; Jamil, MF; Khor, BS; Shu-Chien, AC | 1 |
| Costante, R; Fidanza, S; Lucente, G; Mollica, A; Pieretti, S; Pinnen, F; Stefanucci, A | 1 |
| García-Pérez, D; Laorden, ML; Milanés, MV; Núñez, C | 1 |
| Dunlop, SA; Farid, WO; Hulse, GK; Krstew, EV; Lawrence, AJ; Tait, RJ | 1 |
| Belkaï, E; Courtin, C; Crété, D; Marie-Claire, C; Noble, F | 1 |
| Brené, S; de la Calle, A; Díaz-Cabiale, Z; Fuxe, K; Gago, B; Reina-Sánchez, MD; Rivera, A; Roales-Buján, R; Suárez-Boomgaard, D; Valderrama-Carvajal, A | 1 |
| Cepeda, C; Cui, Y; Evans, CJ; Ge, W; James, AS; Jentsch, JD; Kieffer, BL; Levine, MS; Maidment, NT; Mittal, N; Murphy, NP; Ostlund, SB; Park, CS; Roberts, KW; Sun, YE; Walwyn, WM; Yang, XW | 1 |
| Borroto-Escuela, DO; de la Calle, A; Duchou, J; Fuxe, K; Gago, B; Medina-Luque, J; Rivera, A; Roales-Buján, R; Suárez-Boomgaard, D; Valderrama-Carvajal, A; Van Craenenbroeck, K | 1 |
| Chen, HZ; Law, PY; Liu, T; Loh, HH; Qiu, Y; Wang, Y; Wang, YX | 1 |
| Chen, P; Hong, Y; Li, J; Wang, D | 1 |
| Dyniewicz, J; Garbuz, O; Gulea, A; Lipkowski, AW; Zablocka, B | 1 |
| Gibula-Bruzda, E; Izdebski, J; Kotlinska, JH; Marszalek-Grabska, M; Witkowska, E | 1 |
| Hang, A; Liu, JG; Liu, Y; Shu, XH; Wang, Q; Wang, YJ; Zan, GY | 1 |
| Saadat, M; Saify, K | 1 |
| Benhye, S; Bochynska-Czyz, M; Bujalska-Zadrozny, M; Lesniak, A; Lipkowski, AW; Misicka, A; Sacharczuk, M | 1 |
| Garrett, NL; Godfrey, L; Iannitelli, A; Imbert, I; King, T; Lalatsa, A; Moger, J; Porreca, F; Schätzlein, AG; Soundararajan, R; Uchegbu, IF | 1 |
| Ali, R; Klein, AH; Mohammad, HK; Peper, B; Raja, SN; Ringkamp, M; Sweitzer, S; Wilson, SP | 1 |
| Cailleau, C; Coudore, F; Couvreur, P; Feng, J; Gautier, A; Hamon, M; Lepetre-Mouelhi, S; Mura, S | 1 |
| Clark, JD; Nwaneshiudu, CA; Shi, XY | 1 |
| Dyavanapalli, J; Fleury-Curado, T; Freire, C; Kim, LJ; Mendelowitz, D; Pho, H; Polotsky, VY; Sennes, LU; Streeter, SR; Wang, X | 1 |
| Dyniewicz, J; Misicka, A; Redkiewicz, P | 1 |
| Bell, GI; Chen, Y; Kong, H; Raynor, K; Reisine, T; Yasuda, K; Yu, L | 1 |
| Akil, H; Goldstein, A; Mansour, A; Meng, F; Thompson, RC; Watson, SJ; Xie, GX | 1 |
| Adapa, ID; Auh, JS; Berzetei-Gurske, IP; Brandt, SR; Craymer, K; Farrington, L; Haggart, D; Kennedy, JM; O'Brien, A; Polgar, WE; Rodriguez, L; Schwartz, RW; Toll, L; White, A | 1 |
44 review(s) available for enkephalin, leucine and morphine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Enkephalin pentapeptides--a review of current evidence for a physiological role in vertebrate neurotransmission.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biological Assay; Enkephalins; Male; Methionine; Mice; Morphine; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Oligopeptides; Structure-Activity Relationship; Vas Deferens | 1977 |
[Morphine analgesia: neurobiologic data].
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Axons; Brain Stem; Cats; Depression, Chemical; Electric Stimulation; Electronarcosis; Enkephalins; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Serotonin; Spinal Cord; Substance P; Substantia Gelatinosa; Synaptic Transmission | 1978 |
Basic and clinical studies of endorphins.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Brain; Cyclic AMP; Drug Interactions; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Mental Disorders; Models, Neurological; Morphine; Narcotics; Pain; Pain, Intractable; Protein Kinases; Receptors, Opioid; Substance-Related Disorders | 1979 |
[Effect of enkephalin and morphine on gastric secretion and gastric blood flow].
Topics: Animals; Blood Circulation; Dogs; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Gastric Juice; Gastric Mucosa; Male; Morphine; Pepsin A; Regional Blood Flow; Stimulation, Chemical | 1979 |
[Characteristics of acupuncture analgesia, review of the articles on stimulation produced analgesia and morphine like substance (author's transl)].
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Analgesia; Animals; Biogenic Amines; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Haplorhini; Humans; Morphine; Naloxone; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1978 |
[Recent knowledge of opioid peptide (author's transl)].
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Injections, Intraventricular; Mice; Molecular Conformation; Morphine; Rabbits; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord; Swine | 1979 |
Endogenous opiates: through 1978.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Mapping; Drug Tolerance; Electroencephalography; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Humans; Learning; Mental Disorders; Mental Recall; Morphine; Naloxone; Nociceptors; Receptors, Opioid; Synaptic Transmission | 1979 |
Interactions between enkephalinergic and other neuronal systems.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Haloperidol; Hypothalamus; Morphine; Nerve Endings; Neurons; Rats; Synapses; Time Factors | 1978 |
Endogenous opiates and the digestive system.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Digestive System; Dogs; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Gastric Juice; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrointestinal Motility; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Morphine; Pancreatic Juice; Regional Blood Flow; Stomach | 1978 |
Dysfunctions of regulatory neurotransmitters and neuropeptides following spinal cord injury.
Topics: Animals; Cordotomy; Enkephalins; Morphine; Neuropeptides; Neurotransmitter Agents; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord Injuries; Substance P | 1990 |
In vivo studies of the regulation of neuropeptide stores in structures of the rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Chlorides; Diazepam; DNA; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Haloperidol; Morphine; Neuropeptides; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, GABA-A; RNA, Messenger | 1987 |
Multiple morphine and enkephalin receptors and the relief of pain.
Topics: Animals; Constipation; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Humans; Morphine; Opioid-Related Disorders; Pain; Receptors, Opioid; Respiratory Insufficiency | 1988 |
Role of cholecystokinin and opioid peptides in control of food intake.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Behavior, Animal; beta-Endorphin; beta-Lipotropin; Brain; Ceruletide; Cholecystokinin; Digestive System Physiological Phenomena; Dynorphins; Eating; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Fasting; Food; Humans; Immunologic Techniques; Kinetics; Morphine; Nervous System; Neurons; Obesity; Peptide Fragments; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Satiation; Sincalide; Species Specificity; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tissue Distribution | 1986 |
Multiple mu opiate receptors.
Topics: Aging; Analgesia; Animals; Autoradiography; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Dihydromorphine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethylmaleimide; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurotransmitter Agents; Phylogeny; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Respiration; Substance-Related Disorders; Tissue Distribution | 1986 |
Functional response of multiple opioid systems to chronic arthritic pain in the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Arthritis; Arthritis, Experimental; Benzomorphans; beta-Endorphin; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Morphine; Naloxone; Nociceptors; Pain; Pituitary Gland, Anterior; Protein Precursors; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Sensory Thresholds; Spinal Cord; Thalamus | 1986 |
Opioids and breathing.
Topics: Adult; Anesthesia; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; GABA Antagonists; Humans; Hypoxia; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Pulmonary Circulation; Respiration; Smoking | 1985 |
The role of opioids in the endocrine function of the pancreas.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Biomechanical Phenomena; Chlorpropamide; Dogs; Eating; Endocrine Glands; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Flushing; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Islets of Langerhans; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pancreas; Pancreatic Hormones; Peptides; Protein Precursors; Rats; Sheep | 1986 |
Affinity labels for opioid receptors.
Topics: Affinity Labels; Animals; Brain; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Enkephalins; Humans; Membranes; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stereoisomerism; Terminology as Topic | 1985 |
The opioid system and central cardiovascular control: analysis of controversies.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Benzomorphans; Brain; Brain Stem; Cardiovascular System; Cats; Dogs; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Narcotics; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Preoptic Area; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Receptors, Opioid; Respiration; Species Specificity; Swine | 1985 |
Endogenous opioids and their receptors. Evidence for involvement in the postictal effects of electroconvulsive shock.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Pressure; Brain; Diprenorphine; Drug Tolerance; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Electroencephalography; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Heart Rate; Morphine; Naloxone; Pain; Pituitary Gland; Pressoreceptors; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Sensory Thresholds; Tritium | 1986 |
Endogenous opioid peptides and hypothalamo-pituitary function.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Growth Hormone; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Prolactin; Rats; Stress, Physiological; Thyrotropin; Vasopressins | 1986 |
Multiple morphine and enkephalin receptors: biochemical and pharmacological aspects.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Respiration | 1986 |
Multiple endogenous opiate and non-opiate analgesia systems: evidence of their existence and clinical implications.
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Analgesia; Animals; Cholecystokinin; Conditioning, Classical; Desipramine; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Drug Interactions; Electroshock; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Mecamylamine; Morphine; N-Methylscopolamine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Norepinephrine; Proglumide; Rats; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Scopolamine; Scopolamine Derivatives; Serotonin; Spinal Cord | 1986 |
Brain, spinal cord and peripheral sites of action of enkephalins and other endogenous opioids on gastrointestinal motility.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Digestive System; Dogs; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Morphine; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Protein Precursors; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1987 |
Enkephalins, other endogenous opioids and colonic motility in dog and man.
Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System; Colon; Dogs; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Species Specificity; Thiorphan; Tiopronin | 1987 |
Central dopamine-peptide interactions: electrophysiological studies.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cholecystokinin; Dopamine; Electrophysiology; Enkephalins; Morphine; Neuropeptides; Neurotensin; Peptides; Tachykinins; Tetragastrin | 1987 |
Relation of stress-induced analgesia to stimulation-produced analgesia.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Analgesia; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Brain; Drug Tolerance; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hypophysectomy; Morphine; Physical Stimulation; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Reflex; Stress, Physiological; Time Factors | 1986 |
[Endorphins and enkephalins in the central nervous system. Their receptors and functional anatomy].
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; APUD Cells; Brain; Dogs; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Humans; Immunologic Techniques; Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones; Morphine; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1983 |
Multiple opiate receptors and their functional significance.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Brain; Cyclazocine; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Tissue Distribution | 1983 |
The pupillary effects of opioids.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Cattle; Choline; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Heroin; Humans; Mice; Morphine; Mydriatics; Narcotics; Pan troglodytes; Pupil; Rabbits; Rats; Reflex, Pupillary; Somatostatin; Sympathomimetics | 1983 |
Opioid peptides.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; beta-Lipotropin; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Digestive System; Electroencephalography; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Humans; Morphine; Naloxone; Peptides; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord; Substance-Related Disorders | 1980 |
Endogenous opioids and cyclic AMP.
Topics: 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic AMP; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Morphine; Narcotics; Protein Kinases | 1981 |
Glycolipids and opiate action.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Cyclic AMP; Enkephalins; Glycolipids; Levorphanol; Mice; Models, Biological; Morphine; Neoplasms, Experimental; Neuroblastoma; Receptors, Opioid | 1981 |
Cardiovascular effects of endogenous opiate systems.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Cardiovascular System; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Humans; Hypertension; Hypotension; Morphine; Naloxone; Pressoreceptors; Receptors, Opioid; Reflex; Shock; Shock, Hemorrhagic; Shock, Septic; Spinal Cord Injuries; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 1983 |
"Enkephalinase", a newly characterised dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase: properties and possible role in enkephalinergic transmission.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Brain; Catalysis; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Corpus Striatum; Endopeptidases; Enkephalins; Humans; Mice; Morphine; Neprilysin; Opioid-Related Disorders; Peptides; Protease Inhibitors; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Synaptic Transmission | 1980 |
Brain opiates and neuroendocrine function.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Brain; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Growth Hormone; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Morphine; Pituitary Gland, Posterior; Prolactin; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Thyrotropin | 1983 |
Endogenous opioids: biology and function.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Analgesia; Animals; Behavior; Blood Pressure; Brain; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Drug Tolerance; Endocrine Glands; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Humans; Morphine; Naloxone; Pain; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary Hormones, Anterior; Pregnancy; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Protein Precursors; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Receptors, Opioid; Shock; Spinal Cord; Stress, Physiological; Tissue Distribution | 1984 |
Enkephalins and Endorphins. Clinical, pharmacological and therapeutic implications.
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Animals; Blood Pressure; Central Nervous System Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Morphine; Opioid-Related Disorders; Pain; Psychotic Disorders; Rats; Substance-Related Disorders | 1983 |
Brain peptides and pain sensation.
Topics: Animals; beta-Lipotropin; Brain Chemistry; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Leucine; Methionine; Mice; Morphine; Narcotics; Pain; Peptides; Radioimmunoassay; Rats | 1980 |
Properties variations and possible synaptic functions of "enkephalinase": a newly characterised dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Brain; Endopeptidases; Enkephalins; Humans; Morphine; Neprilysin; Peptides; Synapses | 1980 |
Transgenic mice: preproenkephalin and the mu opiate receptor.
Topics: Animals; Base Sequence; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Motor Activity; Protein Precursors; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid | 1996 |
Mechanisms regulating proenkephalin gene expression: contributions of transgenic models.
Topics: Animals; beta-Galactosidase; Brain; Cloning, Molecular; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Models, Genetic; Morphine; Protein Precursors | 1996 |
Pain, immunity, opiate and opioid compounds and health.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Evolution, Molecular; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Narcotics; Opioid Peptides; Pain; Protein Precursors; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Substance-Related Disorders | 2005 |
Biphalin-A Potent Opioid Agonist-As a Panacea for Opioid System-Dependent Pathophysiological Diseases?
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Enkephalins; Morphine; Opioid-Related Disorders; Pain; Receptors, Opioid | 2021 |
4 trial(s) available for enkephalin, leucine and morphine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
The analgesic efficacy of intrathecal D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin in cancer patients with chronic pain.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesia; Chronic Disease; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Morphine; Pain; Sleep Stages | 1985 |
Opioid regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function in depression.
Topics: Adult; Depressive Disorder; Dexamethasone; Enkephalins; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Male; Morphine; Pituitary-Adrenal System | 1985 |
Enkephalin, morphine, and naloxone in tardive dyskinesia.
Topics: Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Double-Blind Method; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Morphine; Naloxone; Parkinson Disease, Secondary | 1980 |
Gene therapy for pain: results of a phase I clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analgesics, Opioid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Female; Genetic Therapy; Genetic Vectors; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Morphine; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Neoplasms; Pain Management; Pain Measurement; Protein Precursors; Surveys and Questionnaires | 2011 |
1207 other study(ies) available for enkephalin, leucine and morphine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Synthesis and conformational properties of the lanthionine-bridged opioid peptide [D-AlaL2,AlaL5]enkephalin as determined by NMR and computer simulations.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; Computer Simulation; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Protein Conformation; Rats; Thermodynamics | 1992 |
Synthesis and pharmacological characterization of (+/-)-5,9 alpha-dimethyl-2-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-2'-hydroxy-6,7-benzomorphan (fluorophen), a ligand suitable for visualization of opiate receptors in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Biological Assay; Brain; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Indicators and Reagents; Male; Morphinans; Muscle Contraction; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1983 |
The opioid mu agonist/delta antagonist DIPP-NH(2)[Psi] produces a potent analgesic effect, no physical dependence, and less tolerance than morphine in rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tetrahydroisoquinolines; Vas Deferens | 1999 |
Role of the sugar moiety on the opioid receptor binding and conformation of a series of enkephalin neoglycopeptides.
Topics: Animals; Carbohydrates; Enkephalins; Glycopeptides; Glycosylation; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Protein Conformation; Receptors, Opioid; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2017 |
Isolation and Pharmacological Characterization of Six Opioidergic
Topics: Alkaloids; Analgesics; Animals; Apocynaceae; Indoles; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids; Seeds; Terpenes | 2021 |
Morphine and enkephalin interactions with putative neurotransmitters in rat hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Drug Interactions; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Male; Morphine; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Stereoisomerism | 1977 |
Narcotic cueing properties of intraventricularly administered sufentanil, fentanyl, morphine and met-enkephalin.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Anilides; Animals; Cues; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Fentanyl; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Piperidines; Rats; Time Factors | 1978 |
Pharmacotherapy II: narcotic and narcotic-antagonists analgesics.
Topics: Amines; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Binding Sites; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Codeine; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Humans; Meperidine; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Opium; Pain; Pentazocine; Receptors, Opioid; Sodium; Substance-Related Disorders | 1978 |
Inhibition of pancreatic secretion by enkephalin and morphine in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Bicarbonates; Cholecystokinin; Chronic Disease; Depression, Chemical; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Duodenum; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Morphine; Naloxone; Pancreas; Peptides; Proteins; Receptors, Opioid; Secretin | 1978 |
The degradation of a nonapeptide, sleep inducing peptide, in rat brain: comparison with enkephalin breakdown.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Biodegradation, Environmental; Brain; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Rats; Sleep Deprivation; Sleep, REM; Time Factors | 1978 |
The relationship between enkephalin degradation and opiate receptor occupancy.
Topics: Aminopeptidases; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Membranes; Morphine; Naloxone; Puromycin; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1978 |
Analgesia and motor activity elicited by morphine and enkephalins in two inbred strains of mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred DBA; Morphine; Motor Activity; Species Specificity; Time Factors | 1978 |
Investigation of possible interactions between substance P and transmitter mechanisms in the substantia nigra and corpus striatum of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Morphine; Rats; Serotonin; Substance P; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Transmission | 1978 |
Influence of neuroleptics on the binding of met-enkephalin, morphine and dihydromorphine to synaptosome-enriched fractions of rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Brain; Dihydromorphine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Mitochondria; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Synaptosomes | 1978 |
[Opiate receptors and endorphins at the central nervous system level].
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Humans; Limbic System; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Sodium; Substantia Gelatinosa; Sulfhydryl Reagents | 1978 |
[Electrophysiological effects of opiates and endogenous peptides on central neurons].
Topics: Animals; Cats; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Neurons; Rats; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Nerves; Substantia Gelatinosa | 1978 |
Increase in serum prolactin by exogenous and endogenous opiates: evidence for antidopamine and antipsychotic effects.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Dopamine Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Haplorhini; Macaca; Morphine; Prolactin; Receptors, Dopamine | 1978 |
Opiate analgesics: the effect of agonist-antagonist character on prolactin secretion.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Buprenorphine; Cyclazocine; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Prolactin; Rats | 1978 |
[Presynaptic receptor systems in central noradrenergic neurons].
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Cerebellar Cortex; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalins; Hypothalamus; Morphine; Norepinephrine; Potassium; Rats; Receptors, Adrenergic | 1979 |
Some considerations regarding the characterization and interpretation of neuropeptide-induced behavioral changes.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzimidazoles; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Haloperidol; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Methadone; Mice; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Peptides; Rats; Time Factors | 1978 |
Comparison of opiate- and opioid-peptide-induced immobility.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Brain; Caudate Nucleus; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Globus Pallidus; Injections; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Methadone; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats | 1979 |
[Preliminary comparative study of morphine and enkephalin (proceedings)].
Topics: Drug Stability; Enkephalins; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Protein Conformation; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1977 |
The effects of local micro injections of opiates and enkephalins into the forebrain on the electrocorticogram of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Codeine; Electroencephalography; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine; Thebaine | 1978 |
Effects of Met-enkephalin on body temperature of normal and morphine-tolerant rats.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Time Factors | 1978 |
Self-administration of an enkephalin analog by rhesus monkey.
Topics: Animals; Drinking Behavior; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Feeding Behavior; Haplorhini; Macaca mulatta; Male; Morphine; Reinforcement Schedule; Self Administration | 1978 |
Comparison of tolerance development and dependence capacities of morphine, beta-endorphin, and [D-Met2, Pro5]-enkephalinamide.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Humans; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Substance-Related Disorders; Time Factors | 1979 |
Facilitation of opiate- and enkephalin-induced motor activity in the mouse by phenytoin sodium and carbamazepine.
Topics: Animals; Carbamazepine; Drug Synergism; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Male; Mice; Morphine; Motor Activity; Narcotics; Phenytoin; Time Factors | 1979 |
Enkephalin may mediate euphoria and drive-reduction reward.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Ditiocarb; Drive; Enkephalins; Euphoria; Female; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Rats; Self Administration; Self Stimulation; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1977 |
Behavioural dissociation of the enkephalinergic systems of nucleus accumbens and nucleus caudatus.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Caudate Nucleus; Enkephalins; Globus Pallidus; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Olfactory Bulb; Oligopeptides; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Stereotaxic Techniques | 1977 |
A synthetic enkephalin analogue with prolonged parenteral and oral analgesic activity.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalins; Haplorhini; In Vitro Techniques; Injections; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1977 |
Enkephalin receptors on dopaminergic neurones in rat striatum.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain Mapping; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Hydroxydopamines; Kinetics; Morphine; Nerve Endings; Neurons; Oligopeptides; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Membranes | 1977 |
Opioid peptides and opiates differ in receptor selectivity.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dextrorphan; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Isomerism; Levorphanol; Methadone; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1977 |
Binding of the endogenous nonpeptide morphine-like compound to opiate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain Chemistry; Cattle; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Radioimmunoassay; Receptors, Opioid | 1977 |
Conformation of [Leu5]enkephalin from X-ray diffraction: features important for recognition at opiate receptor.
Topics: Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hydrogen Bonding; Models, Molecular; Morphine; Protein Conformation; Receptors, Opioid; Structure-Activity Relationship; X-Ray Diffraction | 1978 |
Interaction of ligands with the opiate receptors of brain membranes: regulation by ions and nucleotides.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate; Ligands; Male; Manganese; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Naltrexone; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Ribonucleotides; Sodium | 1978 |
Opiate receptors: different ligand affinity in various brain regions.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Cyclazocine; Dogs; Enkephalins; Ethanolamines; Ligands; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Receptors, Opioid; Stereoisomerism; Time Factors | 1978 |
Pharmacological and electrophysiological studies of morphine and enkephalin on rat supraspinal neurones and cat spinal neurones.
Topics: Animals; Brain Stem; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Electrophysiology; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Morphine; Neurons; Rats; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission | 1978 |
Epileptic properties of leucine- and methionine-enkephalin: comparison with morphine and reversibility by naloxone.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Leucine; Male; Methionine; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Seizures | 1978 |
In vivo comparison of the receptor populations acted upon in the spinal cord by morphine and pentapeptides in the production of analgesia.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Morphine; Naloxone; Nociceptors; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1978 |
Methionine-enkephalin stimulates gastric secretion and gastric mucosal blood flow.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Histamine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pepsin A; Receptors, Opioid; Regional Blood Flow; Stimulation, Chemical | 1978 |
[Enkephalins and endorphins--a new class of biogenic physiologically active substances].
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; beta-Lipotropin; Brain; Catecholamines; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Cyclic AMP; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1978 |
Enhanced analgesic activity of D-Ala2 enkephalinamides following D-isomer substitutions at position five.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Electroshock; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Haplorhini; Male; Morphine; Rats; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid | 1978 |
Effect of opioid peptides on L-noradrenaline-stimulated cyclic AMP formation in homogenates of rat cerebral cortex and hypothalamus.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclic AMP; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hypothalamus; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Norepinephrine; Rats; Sodium | 1978 |
Effects of opiates and methionine-enkephalin on pontine and bulbar respiratory neurones of the cat.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cats; Cerebellum; Dextrorphan; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Glutamates; Levorphanol; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Phrenic Nerve; Pons; Receptors, Opioid; Respiration; Respiratory Center | 1978 |
Enkephalin-induced dilatation of pial arteries in vitro probably mediated by opiate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Arteries; Cats; Endorphins; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Pia Mater; Receptors, Opioid; Vasodilator Agents | 1978 |
A comparison of the analgesic and behavioral effects of [D-Ala2] Met-enkepha-linamide and morphine in the mesencephalic reticular formation of rats.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Mapping; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Locomotion; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Reticular Formation | 1978 |
Interaction of morphine, etorphine and enkephalins with dopamine-stimulated adenylate cyclase of monkey amygdala.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Amygdala; Animals; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Freezing; Haplorhini; Macaca mulatta; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Stimulation, Chemical | 1979 |
High-affinity enkephalin-degrading peptidase in brain is increased after morphine.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Endopeptidases; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Enzyme Activation; Kinetics; Mice; Morphine; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity; Synaptic Transmission | 1978 |
Studies on the interaction of endorphins, substance P. and endogenous somatostatin in growth hormone and prolactin release in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Growth Hormone; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Prolactin; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Somatostatin; Substance P | 1978 |
Role of calcium and glycoconjugates in opiate-membrane interactions.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Calcium; Concanavalin A; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Glycolipids; Morphine; Neuraminidase; Phospholipases; Receptors, Opioid; Ruthenium Red; Synaptic Membranes; Terbium; Trypsin | 1979 |
Specific versus non-specific actions of opioids on hippocampal neurones in the rat brain.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Dextrorphan; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Hippocampus; Levorphanol; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Synaptic Transmission | 1979 |
Multiple opiate receptors. Enkephalins and morphine bind to receptors of different specificity.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Cell Membrane; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Morphine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Substrate Specificity | 1979 |
Endogenous opioids may mediate post-ictal behavioral depression in amygdaloid-kindled rats.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Seizures | 1979 |
Cerebellar opiate receptors in lagomorphs. Demonstration, characterization and regional distribution.
Topics: Animals; Brain Mapping; Cerebellar Cortex; Cerebellum; Cricetinae; Dextrorphan; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Female; Levorphanol; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Rabbits; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Species Specificity | 1979 |
Excitation by morphine and enkephalin of single neurons of nucleus reticularis paragigantocellularis in the rat: a probable mechanism of analgesic action of opioids.
Topics: Animals; Bradykinin; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Naloxone; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Nociceptors; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Reticular Formation | 1979 |
Alterations in the binding of [3H]leucine-enkephalin to striatal membranes by endogenous factors.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cell Membrane; Corpus Striatum; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Male; Morphine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Trypsin | 1979 |
Electroencephalographic and behavioral tolerance to and cross-tolerance between D-Ala2-methionine-enkephalinamide and morphine in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Electroencephalography; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Humans; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Rats; Sleep, REM; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Time Factors | 1979 |
Endogenous opiates block dopamine inhibition of prolactin secretion in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Dopamine Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pituitary Gland; Prolactin; Rats; Receptors, Drug; Receptors, Opioid | 1979 |
Effects of opiate-like peptides, morphine, and naloxone in the photosensitive baboon, Papio papio.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Cerebral Cortex; Electroencephalography; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Haplorhini; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Myoclonus; Naloxone; Papio; Photic Stimulation; Receptors, Opioid; Respiration; Seizures; Thalamic Nuclei | 1979 |
Evidence for morphine and morphine-like alkaloid responses resistant to naloxone blockade in the rat vas deferens.
Topics: Animals; Drug Tolerance; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Leucine; Male; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Muscle Contraction; Naloxone; Narcotics; Placebos; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Vas Deferens | 1979 |
Opioid peptides as modulators of cyclic AMP levels.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Brain; Cell Line; Cyclic AMP; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hybrid Cells; Morphine; Norepinephrine; Receptors, Opioid | 1979 |
Methionine enkephalin and morphine alter monoamine and cyclic nucleotide levels in the cerebral ganglia of the freshwater bivalve Anodonta cygnea.
Topics: Animals; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Ganglia; Mollusca; Morphine; Naloxone | 1979 |
Multiple opiate receptors: different regional distribution in the brain and differential binding of opiates and opioid peptides.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Endorphins; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Manganese; Morphine; Narcotics; Neuroblastoma; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1979 |
Neural mechanisms of opiate analgesia.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Brain Stem; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Humans; Morphine; Narcotics; Pain; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Substance P | 1979 |
Long-term morphine treatment decreases endorphin levels in rat brain and pituitary.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hypothalamus; Male; Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones; Mesencephalon; Morphine; Pituitary Gland; Rats; Septum Pellucidum | 1979 |
Opioid activity of delta O-endorphin in the guinea pig ileum.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cattle; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Kinetics; Morphine; Pituitary Gland; Receptors, Opioid; Swine | 1979 |
II - Prostaglandin hyperalgesia: the peripheral analgesic activity of morphine, enkephalins and opioid antagonists.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Barium; Bucladesine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hyperalgesia; Hyperesthesia; Ionophores; Isoproterenol; Lidocaine; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Pentazocine; Prostaglandins E; Rats | 1979 |
Energy conformation study of Met-enkephalin and its D-Ala2 analogue and their resemblance to rigid opiates.
Topics: Endorphins; Enkephalins; Molecular Conformation; Morphine; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thermodynamics | 1978 |
beta-Endorphin induces nonconvulsive limbic seizures.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Electroencephalography; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Limbic System; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Rats; Seizures | 1978 |
Morphine and endorphins modulate dopamine turnover in rat median eminence.
Topics: Animals; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Kinetics; Male; Median Eminence; Methyltyrosines; Morphine; Rats | 1979 |
Alterations in nociception and body temperature after intracisternal administration of neurotensin, beta-endorphin, other endogenous peptides, and morphine.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Body Temperature Regulation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hormones; Male; Mice; Morphine; Neurotensin; Pain; Peptides; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1979 |
Some pharmacological properties of FK 33-824, a stable orally active analogue of methionine enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Haplorhini; Humans; Injections, Intraventricular; Macaca mulatta; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Rabbits; Rats; Reaction Time; Time Factors | 1978 |
The specificity of antimorphine and antimeperidine antibodies and their reactivity with opioid peptides.
Topics: Antibody Specificity; Binding, Competitive; Cross Reactions; Drug Stability; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Immunoglobulin G; Meperidine; Molecular Conformation; Morphine; Piperidines | 1979 |
Presynaptic effects of morphine and methionine-enkephalin in feline spinal cord.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Bradykinin; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Time Factors | 1979 |
Enkephalin levels in rat brain after various regimens of morphine administration.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Morphine; Rats | 1979 |
The interaction of enkephalins with substance P on vascular smooth muscle.
Topics: Animals; Aorta; Drug Interactions; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Norepinephrine; Rabbits; Substance P | 1979 |
K-stimulated release of leu- and met-enkephalin from rat striatal slices: lack of effect of morphine and naloxone.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Endorphins; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Leucine; Magnesium; Male; Methionine; Morphine; Naloxone; Potassium; Radioimmunoassay; Rats | 1979 |
Studies on the hyperthermic response of beta-endorphin in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Aspirin; Body Temperature; Cations, Divalent; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Environment; Indomethacin; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naloxone; Time Factors | 1979 |
Effect of morphine, beta-endorphin and leu-enkephalin on 3H-spiroperidol binding to bovine pituitary membranes.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Butaclamol; Butyrophenones; Cattle; Chlorpromazine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Haloperidol; Membranes; Morphine; Pituitary Gland, Anterior; Spiperone | 1979 |
Naloxone-precipitated jumping in mice pretreated with acute injections of opioids.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Heroin; Male; Methadone; Methadyl Acetate; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Pentazocine | 1979 |
Studies of the possible role of brain endorphins in pentobarbital anesthesia and toxicity in mice.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Leucine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Pentobarbital; Phenylalanine | 1979 |
A further characterization of the differential effects of leucine enkephalin, methionine enkephalin and their analogs on morphine-induced analgesia.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Drug Synergism; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Structure-Activity Relationship; Time Factors | 1979 |
Naloxone-reversible effect of opioids on pinocytosis in Amoeba proteus.
Topics: Amoeba; Animals; Calcium; Cations; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Morphine; Naloxone; Pinocytosis; Sodium | 1979 |
Inhibition of PGE1 induced intestinal secretion by the synthetic enkephalin analogue FK 33-824.
Topics: Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Half-Life; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Morphine; Naloxone; Prostaglandins E; Rats | 1979 |
Facilitation of self-stimulation behavior following intracerebral microinjections of opioids into the ventral tegmental area.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Enkephalins; Hypothalamus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Self Stimulation; Time Factors | 1979 |
Met-enkephalin attenuates morphine tolerance in rats.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Rats; Reaction Time | 1979 |
Morphine- and opioid peptide-induced inhibition of the release of dopamine from tuberoinfundibular neurons.
Topics: Animals; Castration; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Morphine; Naloxone; Pituitary Gland; Rats | 1979 |
[Effect of met-enkephalin and morphine on the motor and myoelectric activity of the stomach].
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Peristalsis; Stomach | 1979 |
Comparative thermoregulatory effects of opioids in the rat and the Mongolian gerbil.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature Regulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Gerbillinae; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Species Specificity | 1979 |
Antagonism of cholecystokinin-like peptides by opioid peptides, morphine or tetrodotoxin.
Topics: Animals; Cholecystokinin; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Peptides; Tetrodotoxin; Vas Deferens | 1979 |
Endorphin-induced hyperthermia: characterization of the exogenously and endogenously induced effects.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Cold Temperature; Depression, Chemical; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Stress, Physiological | 1979 |
III - Prostaglandin hyperalgesia: relevance of the peripheral effect for the analgesic action of opioid-antagonists.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Carrageenan; Enkephalins; Hyperalgesia; Hyperesthesia; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Pentazocine; Prostaglandins E; Rats | 1979 |
Failure of opiates to reverse dopamine inhibition of prolactin secretion in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Prolactin; Rats | 1979 |
Antinociceptive action following microinjection of methionine-enkephalin in the nucleus raphe magnus of the rat.
Topics: Analgesics; Brain Stem; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Microinjections; Morphine; Raphe Nuclei | 1979 |
[Monoaminergic modulation of the analgesia induced in rats by (D-Ala2)-met-enkephalinamide (DADA)].
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Biogenic Amines; Drug Interactions; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Morphine; Rats | 1979 |
Some morphine-like properties of a potent antinociceptive synthetic pentapeptide in relation to physical dependence in rodents [proceedings].
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalins; Humans; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Oligopeptides; Rats; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1977 |
Neuroanatomical focus for morphine and enkephalin-induced hypermotility.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Dopamine; Drug Interactions; Enkephalins; Haloperidol; Humans; Hyperkinesis; Injections; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Olfactory Bulb; Oligopeptides; Rats; Stimulation, Chemical; Time Factors | 1977 |
Brain peptides with opiate antagonist action: their possible role in tolerance and dependence.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Morphine Derivatives; Peptides; Rats; Tissue Extracts; Vas Deferens | 1977 |
New in vivo evidence for narcotic agonistic property of leucine-enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Humans; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotics; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1978 |
Radioimmunoassay of enkephalins. Regional distribution in rat brain after morphine treatment and hypophysectomy.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Humans; Hypophysectomy; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Radioimmunoassay; Rats | 1977 |
The effect of beta-endorphin and met-enkephalin on striatin dopamine metabolism and catalepsy: comparison with morphine.
Topics: Animals; Catalepsy; Corpus Striatum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Phenylacetates; Rats | 1977 |
[D-Thr2, Thz5]-enkephalinamide: a potent analgesic by subcutaneous and oral administration.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Analgesics; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Humans; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Time Factors | 1978 |
Differential effects of leucine and methionine enkephalin on morphine-induced analgesia, acute tolerance and dependence.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Brain; Drug Synergism; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Humans; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Reaction Time | 1979 |
In vivo interaction of morphine and endogenous opiate-like peptides.
Topics: Animals; Drug Interactions; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Humans; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Stereotyped Behavior; Time Factors | 1978 |
Comparison of the analgesic effects of various opioid peptides by a newly devised intracisternal injection technique in conscious mice.
Topics: Animals; Cisterna Magna; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone | 1979 |
Cardiovascular effects of morphine and opioid peptides following intracisternal administration in chloralose-anesthetized rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Chloralose; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hemodynamics; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats | 1978 |
[Opiate receptors and morphine like peptides in the brain: a breakthrough in neuropharmacological research].
Topics: Animals; Brain; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Morphine; Receptors, Drug | 1978 |
Comparative in vitro and in vivo studies between morphine and methionine-enkephalin: genotype dependent response in two different strains of mice.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Analgesics; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Genotype; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred DBA; Morphine; Motor Activity; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Reaction Time; Species Specificity; Vas Deferens | 1978 |
Stimulation of growth hormone and prolactin release by a potent enkephalin analog.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Growth Hormone; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Prolactin; Rats; Somatostatin; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1978 |
Effects of morphine and two enzyme resistant enkephalins on schedule-controlled responding in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Reinforcement Schedule; Time Factors | 1978 |
Effect of morphine, naloxone and an enkephalin analogue on plasma prolactin, growth hormone, insulin and thyroxine in goats [proceedings].
Topics: Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Goats; Growth Hormone; Insulin; Morphine; Naloxone; Prolactin; Thyroxine | 1978 |
Synthesis of two enzyme resistant enkephalin analogs possessing enhanced analgesic activity.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Rats; Reaction Time; Time Factors | 1978 |
Morphine and met-enkephalin effects on sural Adelta afferent terminal excitability.
Topics: Animals; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Morphine; Nerve Endings; Neurons, Afferent; Rats; Spinal Nerves; Sural Nerve; Time Factors | 1978 |
Non-specific actions of opioids in the rat hippocampus [proceedings].
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; Male; Morphine; Neurons; Rats | 1978 |
Central cardiovascular effects of enkephalins and C-fragment of lipotropin [proceedings].
Topics: Animals; Cats; Cisterna Magna; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Heart Rate; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine | 1978 |
Electroencephalographic and behavioral effects of D-ala2-methionine-enkephalinamide and morphine in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Morphine; Rats; Sleep; Time Factors; Wakefulness | 1978 |
Brief communication. Generalization of [DAla2]-enkephalinamide but not of substance P to the morphine cue.
Topics: Animals; Cues; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Generalization, Stimulus; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Substance P | 1978 |
Characterization of leucine and methionine enkephalin and their interaction with morphine on the guinea pig ileal longitudinal muscle.
Topics: Animals; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nalorphine | 1978 |
Effects of cycloheximide and/or morphine on enkephalin levels in mouse striatum.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Cycloheximide; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Mice; Morphine | 1978 |
Effects of methionine-enkephalin and morphine on spontaneous locomotor activity: antagonism by naloxone.
Topics: Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Time Factors | 1978 |
Genotype dependent response of morphine and methionine-enkephalin on the electrically induced contractions of the mouse vas deferens.
Topics: Animals; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Genotype; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred DBA; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naltrexone; Vas Deferens | 1978 |
Microinjection of opioids into the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis of the rat: analgesia and increase in the normetanephrine level in the spinal cord.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Enkephalins; Hydroxydopamines; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Morphine; Narcotics; Norepinephrine; Normetanephrine; Rats; Spinal Cord | 1978 |
Antagonistic effect of compound 48/80 on the inhibitory actions of morphine and methionine-enkephalin on electrically-induced contractions of the guinea-pig ileum.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Epinephrine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Norepinephrine; p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine | 1978 |
Prolactin and growth hormone releasing activity of [D-Met2, Pro5]-enkephalinamide in the rat after systemic administration.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Growth Hormone; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Morphine; Prolactin; Rats | 1978 |
Speculations on similarities between autism and opiate addiction.
Topics: Autistic Disorder; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Morphine; Naloxone; Social Behavior | 1978 |
In vivo antagonism by naloxone of morphine, beta-endorphin and a synthetic enkephalin analog.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Reaction Time | 1978 |
Substance P and opioid interaction on stimulated and non-stimulated guinea pig ileum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Narcotics; Substance P | 1978 |
[D-Alanine2]-methionine enkephalinamide binding to rat brain slices: differences from opiate alkaloid binding and reduction by chronic morphine treatment.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Endorphins; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Time Factors | 1978 |
Effect of a potent synthetic opioid pentapeptide in some anti-nociceptive and behavioural tests in mice and rats [proceedings].
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Electroencephalography; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Rats | 1977 |
Emetic and hyperthermic effects of centrally injected methionine-enkephalin in cats.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Cats; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Vomiting | 1977 |
Morphine and enkephalin: analgesic and epileptic properties.
Topics: Action Potentials; Analgesia; Animals; Brain; Cerebral Aqueduct; Electroencephalography; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Rats; Seizures | 1977 |
Leu-enkephalin-stimulated growth hormone and prolactin release in the rat: comparison with the effect of morphine.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Female; Growth Hormone; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Prolactin; Rats | 1977 |
Comparison of the behavioral effects of beta-endorphin and enkephalin analogs.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Peptides; Rats | 1977 |
Effects of naloxone, morphine and methionine enkephalin on serum prolactin, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone and growth hormone.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadotropins, Pituitary; Growth Hormone; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Prolactin; Rats; Thyrotropin | 1977 |
Monitoring the stereospecificity of morphine action in vivo and in vitro through brain membrane lipid fluidity.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Dextrorphan; Enkephalins; Levorphanol; Male; Membrane Lipids; Mitochondria; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1977 |
[D-Thr2, Thz5]- and [D-Met2 ,Thz5]-enkephalinamides: potent analgesics by intravenous injection.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nociceptors; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thiazoles | 1977 |
Enkephalin analogues and naloxone modulate the release of growth hormone and prolactin--evidence for regulation by an endogenous opioid peptide in brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Growth Hormone; Morphine; Naloxone; Prolactin; Rats; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1977 |
Enkephalin and a potent analog facilitate maze performance after intraperitoneal administration in rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Learning; Male; Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Rats; Smell; Stimulation, Chemical; Time Factors | 1976 |
Involvement of opioid mechanisms in peripheral motor control of detrusor muscle.
Topics: Animals; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalins; Ganglionic Blockers; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Humans; Indoles; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscles; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance P; Sympatholytics | 1992 |
Delta-opioid-receptor activation by [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin and morphine inhibits substance P release from trigeminal nucleus slices.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Potassium; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Substance P; Trigeminal Nuclei | 1992 |
Perinatal morphine exposure alters peptidergic development in the striatum.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Northern; Body Weight; Corpus Striatum; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Growth; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Protein Precursors; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance P | 1992 |
Explanation at the opioid receptor level for differing toxicity of morphine and morphine 6-glucuronide.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Subcellular Fractions | 1992 |
Pharmacological evaluation of JO 1870: relation to the potential treatment of urinary bladder incontinence.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Butylamines; Dimethylamines; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Loperamide; Male; Morphine; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Incontinence | 1992 |
Role of spinal opioid receptors in the antinociceptive interactions between intrathecal morphine and bupivacaine.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Bupivacaine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, Leucine; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1992 |
Antinociceptive interactions of opioid delta receptor agonists with morphine in mice: supra- and sub-additivity.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1992 |
Delta and kappa opiate receptors in primary astroglial cultures. Part II: Receptor sets in cultures from various brain regions and interactions with beta-receptor activated cyclic AMP.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Stem; Cells, Cultured; Colforsin; Corpus Striatum; Cyclic AMP; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Isoproterenol; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1992 |
Streptozotocin-induced diabetes selectively alters the potency of analgesia produced by mu-opioid agonists, but not by delta- and kappa-opioid agonists.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1992 |
Further evidence that morphine-6 beta-glucuronide is a more potent opioid agonist than morphine.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Analgesia; Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Receptors, Opioid | 1992 |
Up-regulation of [3H]DAMGO and [3H]DTLET opioid binding sites in laminae I-II of the spinal cord in intact and deafferented morphine-tolerant rats.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Morphine; Neurons, Afferent; Oligopeptides; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord; Up-Regulation | 1992 |
Pentobarbital attenuates antinociception induced by i.c.v. morphine but not beta-endorphin in the mouse.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Leucine; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Pentobarbital; Receptors, Opioid | 1992 |
[Heterogeneity of mu- and delta-opioid active sites in the mouse cerebral cortex. Selective increase in the affinity of a superhigh affinity delta-site during long-term administration of morphine].
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substrate Specificity | 1992 |
Modulation of mu-mediated antinociception in the mouse involves opioid delta-2 receptors.
Topics: Animals; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1992 |
Isobolographic and dose-response analyses of the interaction between intrathecal mu and delta agonists: effects of naltrindole and its benzofuran analog (NTB).
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Indoles; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1992 |
Opioid efficacy is linked to the LiCl-sensitive, inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate-restorable pathway.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Chlorides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Lithium; Lithium Chloride; Male; Mice; Morphine; Second Messenger Systems; Sufentanil | 1992 |
Chronic d-amphetamine inhibits opioid receptor antagonist-induced supersensitivity.
Topics: Animals; Dextroamphetamine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid; Up-Regulation | 1992 |
Autoradiographic evidence of opioid binding sites in the thyroid gland.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Reference Values; Thyroid Gland; Tritium | 1992 |
Interaction between halothane and mu, delta and kappa opioid agonists on the isolated right atria of the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Atrial Function; Culture Techniques; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Halothane; Heart Rate; Male; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid | 1992 |
Opioid mu-deficient CXBK mouse and the role of mu 1-receptors in electrically induced convulsions.
Topics: Animals; Electroshock; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Seizures | 1992 |
Involvement of adenosine in antinociception produced by spinal or supraspinal receptor-selective opioid agonists: dissociation from gastrointestinal effects in mice.
Topics: Adenosine; Analgesia; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Gastric Emptying; Gastrointestinal Motility; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord; Theophylline | 1992 |
Pot, heroin unlock new areas for neuroscience.
Topics: Amides; Animals; Arachidonic Acids; Brain; Cannabinoids; Dronabinol; Endocannabinoids; Enkephalin, Leucine; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Heroin; Humans; Morphine; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Receptors, Opioid; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tea | 1992 |
Opioid receptors mediating antinociception from beta-endorphin and morphine in the periaqueductal gray.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid | 1992 |
Differential effects of opioid receptor agonists on nociception and cAMP level in the spinal cord of monoarthritic rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Arthritis; Benzeneacetamides; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1992 |
Potentiation of opioid analgesia by cocaine: the role of spinal and supraspinal receptors.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Cocaine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1992 |
Tyr-MIF-1 and hemorphin can act as opiate agonists as well as antagonists in the guinea pig ileum.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Hemoglobins; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; MSH Release-Inhibiting Hormone; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Peptide Fragments; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1992 |
Effects of intracerebroventricularly administered mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid agonists on locomotor activity of the guinea pig and the pharmacology of the locomotor response to U50,488H.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Narcotics; Peptide Fragments; Piloerection; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1992 |
Further studies of the role of opioid receptors in the nigra in the morphine withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Temperature; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Somatostatin; Stereotaxic Techniques; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substantia Nigra | 1992 |
Do opioids evoke the release of serotonin in the spinal cord? An in vivo microdialysis study of the regulation of extracellular serotonin in the rat.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Dialysis; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Extracellular Space; Fluoxetine; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Serotonin; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Spinal interactions between opioid and noradrenergic agonists in mice: multiplicativity involves delta and alpha-2 receptors.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Analgesia; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naloxone; Norepinephrine; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Substance P | 1992 |
Morphine-induced downregulation of mu-opioid receptors and peptide synthesis in neonatal rat brain.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blotting, Northern; Brain; Down-Regulation; Enkephalins; Female; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Morphine; Pregnancy; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; RNA; RNA, Messenger | 1992 |
Evidence for opiate-dopamine cross-sensitization in nucleus accumbens: studies of conditioned reward.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Dextroamphetamine; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward | 1992 |
Cholecystokinin octapeptide alters morphine-induced effects on EEG power spectra both quantitatively and qualitatively.
Topics: Animals; Electroencephalography; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sincalide | 1992 |
Effect of centrally administered enkephalins on carrageenin-induced paw oedema in rats.
Topics: Animals; Arthritis, Experimental; Brain; Carrageenan; Edema; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Hindlimb; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Metyrapone; Morphine; Naloxone; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1992 |
Cholecystokinin administered intrathecally selectively antagonizes intracerebroventricular beta-endorphin-induced tail-flick inhibition in the mouse.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Peptide Fragments; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Sincalide | 1992 |
Naloxone blocks opioid peptide release in N. accumbens and amygdala elicited by morphine injected into periaqueductal gray.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalins; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Naloxone; Nucleus Accumbens; Perfusion; Periaqueductal Gray; Rabbits; Radioimmunoassay; Stereotaxic Techniques | 1992 |
Morphine, D-Pen2, D-Pen5 enkephalin and U50,488H differentially affect the locomotor activity and behaviours induced by quinpirole in guinea-pigs.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ergolines; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Piloerection; Pyrrolidines; Quinpirole | 1992 |
Attenuation of the morphine withdrawal syndrome by inhibition of catabolism of endogenous enkephalins in the periaqueductal gray matter.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Temperature; Body Weight; Corticosterone; Dipeptides; Enkephalins; Hydroxamic Acids; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Neprilysin; Periaqueductal Gray; Phenylalanine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Thiorphan | 1992 |
Neurochemical and morphological evidence of an antinociceptive neural pathway from nucleus raphe dorsalis to nucleus accumbens in the rabbit.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Brain Chemistry; Enkephalins; Horseradish Peroxidase; Immunohistochemistry; Injections; Male; Morphine; Neural Pathways; Nociceptors; Nucleus Accumbens; Periaqueductal Gray; Rabbits; Radioimmunoassay; Raphe Nuclei; Serotonin | 1992 |
Rapid changes in the content of proenkephalin A and corticotrophin releasing hormone mRNAs in the paraventricular nucleus during morphine withdrawal in urethane-anaesthetized rats.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Autoradiography; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Male; Morphine; Oligonucleotide Probes; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sulfur Radioisotopes; Urethane | 1991 |
Opioid delta receptor subtypes are associated with different potassium channels.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glyburide; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Potassium Channels; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Tetraethylammonium Compounds | 1991 |
Selective blockage of delta opioid receptors prevents the development of morphine tolerance and dependence in mice.
Topics: Animals; Drug Implants; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Indoles; Isothiocyanates; Male; Mice; Morphinans; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Substance-Related Disorders; Thiocyanates | 1991 |
Morphine-6-glucuronide: receptor binding profile in bovine caudate nucleus.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Cattle; Caudate Nucleus; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid | 1991 |
Characteristics of mu and delta opioid binding sites in striatal slices of morphine-tolerant and -dependent mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Binding Sites; Corpus Striatum; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Pain; Receptors, Opioid | 1991 |
Characteristics of dose-dependent antagonism by beta-funaltrexamine of the antinociceptive effects of intrathecal mu agonists.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Fentanyl; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord; Sufentanil | 1991 |
Opioid receptor subtype involvement in maternal behavior in lactating rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Lactation; Maternal Behavior; Morphine; Phenazocine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1991 |
Dissociation of opioid receptor upregulation and functional supersensitivity.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Binding Sites; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Pertussis Toxin; Receptors, Opioid; Up-Regulation; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1991 |
[Evaluation of the discriminative stimulus effect of an enkephalin analog, EK-399, in the rat].
Topics: Animals; Discrimination, Psychological; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Phenazocine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1991 |
Upregulation of rat brain opioid receptors by the chronic administration of morphine: possible evidence for an anti-opiate model of tolerance and dependence.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Immunoglobulin G; Injections, Intraventricular; Ligands; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Oligopeptides; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Up-Regulation | 1990 |
Effects of oxymorphindole on morphine induced-antinociception in mice and rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Mice; Morphine; Morpholines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1990 |
The effect of morphine tolerance-dependence and abstinence on mu, delta, and kappa opiate receptors of discrete brain regions and spinal cord of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1990 |
Involvement of mu, delta and kappa receptors in morphine-induced tolerance in the guinea pig myenteric plexus.
Topics: Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Male; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1991 |
Delta receptor involvement in morphine suppression of noxiously evoked activity of spinal WDR neurons in cats.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Cats; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Female; Hot Temperature; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurons; Pain; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1991 |
An in vitro study on the hippocampal epileptogenic properties of enkephalins and enkephalinase inhibitors in rats.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Epilepsy; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Neprilysin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1991 |
Selective antagonism by naltrindole of the antinociceptive effects of the delta opioid agonist cyclic[D-penicillamine2-D-penicillamine5]enkephalin in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Indoles; Injections, Spinal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1991 |
In vitro effect of high doses of morphine on Con A induced lymphokine production.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Clone Cells; Colforsin; Concanavalin A; Cyclic AMP; Depression, Chemical; Dinoprostone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Female; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphokines; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Protein Biosynthesis; Receptors, Opioid; Spleen; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer | 1991 |
The effect of morphine and DAGO on the proliferative response of murine splenocytes.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Lymphocyte Activation; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mitogens; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Receptors, Opioid; Spleen; T-Lymphocytes | 1991 |
Endogenous opioids modulate neuronal survival in the developing avian ciliary ganglion.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Survival; Chick Embryo; Chickens; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Mesencephalon; Morphine; Nerve Degeneration; Neuromuscular Junction; Neurons; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Sleep deprivation decreases mu and delta opioid receptor binding in the rat limbic system.
Topics: Animals; Arousal; Behavior, Animal; beta-Endorphin; Brain Chemistry; Densitometry; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Limbic System; Male; Membranes; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sleep Deprivation | 1991 |
Differences in the binding of [3H][D-Ser2,Thr6]leucine-enkephalin and [3H][D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin to brain membranes of morphine tolerant-dependent rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Cell Membrane; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Ligands; Male; Morphine; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord; Substance-Related Disorders | 1991 |
The actions of fentanyl to inhibit drug-induced emesis.
Topics: Animals; Antiemetics; Apomorphine; Autoradiography; Brain Stem; Cisplatin; Copper; Copper Sulfate; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Fentanyl; Ferrets; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Vomiting | 1991 |
[The localization of opiate receptors on the inner surface of the cell membrane].
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Cell Membrane; Enkephalins; Helix, Snails; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Receptors, Opioid; Surface Properties | 1991 |
Antinociceptive action of opiates and opioid peptides after unilateral microinjection into area tempestas in rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Nociceptors; Pain Measurement; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1991 |
Synergistic analgesic interactions between the periaqueductal gray and the locus coeruleus.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Periaqueductal Gray; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reticular Formation; Stereotaxic Techniques | 1991 |
Modulation of mu-mediated antitussive activity in rats by a delta agonist.
Topics: Aerosols; Animals; Antitussive Agents; Capsaicin; Cisterna Magna; Cough; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Indoles; Injections; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Naltrexone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1991 |
Regional dependence of morphine-induced mu-opiate receptor down-regulation in perinatal rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Down-Regulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Hypothalamus; Male; Morphine; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Somatosensory Cortex | 1991 |
Effects of intracerebroventricular beta-funaltrexamine on mu and delta opioid receptors in the rat: dichotomy between binding and antinociception.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intravenous; Kinetics; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Thalamus; Time Factors; Tritium | 1991 |
Desensitization of mu-opioid receptors does not modify the analgesia induced by an enkephalinase inhibitor.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Neprilysin; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Thiorphan | 1991 |
Morphine-6-glucuronide and morphine: mu-opioid receptor binding and effects on dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase in striatum.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Cattle; Caudate Nucleus; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1991 |
Genetic influences in opioid analgesic sensitivity in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Naloxone; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Species Specificity | 1991 |
Stereoselective effect of morphine on antinociception and endogenous opioid peptide levels in plasma but not cerebrospinal fluid of dogs.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; beta-Endorphin; Dogs; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Injections, Subcutaneous; Morphine; Nociceptors; Pain Measurement; Stereoisomerism; Tritium | 1991 |
Characterization of opioid-sensitive neurons in the anteroventral third ventricle region of polydipsic inbred mice in vitro.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drinking Behavior; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Peptide Fragments; Species Specificity | 1991 |
Effects of receptor-selective opioids on operant behavior in morphine-treated and untreated rats.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Food; Infusions, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1991 |
Nonspecific tolerance in ileal circular muscle-myenteric plexus preparations from morphine-pretreated guinea pigs.
Topics: 2-Chloroadenosine; Animals; Clonidine; Drug Tolerance; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Myenteric Plexus; Receptors, Opioid | 1991 |
Inhibition by opioids of phagocytosis in peritoneal macrophages.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Drug Tolerance; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Erythrocytes; Macrophages; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Peritoneal Cavity; Phagocytosis; Sheep | 1991 |
Naltrexone-sensitizing effects of centrally administered morphine and opioid peptides.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1991 |
Spinal opioid analgesic effects are enhanced in a model of unilateral inflammation/hyperalgesia: possible involvement of noradrenergic mechanisms.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Carrageenan; Clonidine; Enkephalins; Hyperalgesia; Inflammation; Male; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1991 |
Gender effects and central opioid analgesia.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Female; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Seminal Vesicles; Sensory Thresholds; Sex Characteristics; Uterus | 1991 |
Dopaminergic system mediates only delta-opiate inhibition of endogenous acetylcholine release evoked by glutamate from rat striatal slices.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Benzazepines; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Morphine; Oxidopamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Secretory Rate | 1991 |
Regulation of cyclic AMP by the mu-opioid receptor in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.
Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; Alprostadil; Cell Line; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Humans; Kinetics; Morphine; Neuroblastoma; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Theophylline; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1990 |
[Effect of monoamine neurotransmitters, enkephalin and morphine on substance P contents of several brain regions and pain threshold in rats].
Topics: Animals; Biogenic Monoamines; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; Morphine; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pain; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sensory Thresholds; Substance P | 1990 |
Postnatal development of opioid regulation of micturition in the kitten.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cats; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Immunohistochemistry; Morphine; Naloxone; Reflex; Spinal Cord; Staining and Labeling; Urinary Bladder; Urination | 1990 |
Alpha-fluoromethylhistidine decreases the Leu-enkephalinamide- and morphine-induced corticosterone response in rats.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Brain; Corticosterone; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Histamine Release; Histidine Decarboxylase; Male; Methylhistidines; Morphine; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1991 |
Morphine, but not sodium cromoglycate, modulates the release of substance P from capsaicin-sensitive neurones in the rat trachea in vitro.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Bradykinin; Capsaicin; Cromolyn Sodium; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Neurons; Potassium Chloride; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substance P; Trachea | 1991 |
Chronic opiate agonists down-regulate prodynorphin gene expression in rat brain.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Blotting, Northern; Brain Chemistry; Corpus Striatum; DNA Probes; Down-Regulation; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Protein Precursors; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; RNA, Messenger | 1991 |
Neurochemical studies on the mesolimbic circuitry of antinociception.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalins; Limbic System; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Organ Specificity; Pain; Perfusion; Rabbits | 1991 |
Immunomodulatory activity of mu- and kappa-selective opioid agonists.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Antibody Formation; Antibody-Producing Cells; Benzeneacetamides; Cells, Cultured; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Immunosuppression Therapy; Kinetics; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Naloxone; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1991 |
Heroin acts on different opioid receptors than morphine in Swiss Webster and ICR mice to produce antinociception.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Heroin; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Methysergide; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Species Specificity; Spinal Cord; Yohimbine | 1991 |
Morphine and (D-Ala2, NMe-Phe4, Gly-ol)-enkephalin increase the intracellular free calcium in isolated rat myocytes--effect of naloxone or pretreatment with morphine.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Fura-2; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Myocardium; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1991 |
Effects of selective opioid agonists on feline colonic transit.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Cattle; Colon; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Loperamide; Morphine; Naloxone; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1991 |
Cholera toxin and pertussis toxin on opioid- and alpha 2-mediated supraspinal analgesia in mice.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cerebral Ventricles; Cholera Toxin; Clonidine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotics; Pain; Pertussis Toxin; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1991 |
Comparison of naloxonazine and beta-funaltrexamine antagonism of mu 1 and mu 2 opioid actions.
Topics: Animals; Drug Administration Schedule; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1991 |
Mu receptor binding of some commonly used opioids and their metabolites.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Codeine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1991 |
Intravenous self-administration of an enkephalin analog, EK-399, by rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine; Enkephalins; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reinforcement, Psychology; Self Administration; Substance-Related Disorders | 1991 |
Enhanced potency of receptor-selective opioids after acute burn injury.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Burns; Corticosterone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1991 |
Analgesic activity of a novel bivalent opioid peptide compared to morphine via different routes of administration.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Spinal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1991 |
Opiate receptors in neuronal primary cultures.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Female; Fetus; Morphine; Neurons; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1990 |
Pharmacologic profile of NPC 168 (naltrexone phenyl oxime), a novel compound with activity at opioid receptors.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Food Deprivation; Guinea Pigs; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time; Reinforcement Schedule | 1990 |
Modulation of dopamine-induced hypermotility following injection of various opioids into the nucleus accumbens.
Topics: Animals; Chlorpromazine; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Haloperidol; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1990 |
The antinociceptive role of mu- and delta-opiate receptors and their interactions in the spinal dorsal horn of cats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cats; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1990 |
Characterization of opioid receptors modulating the function of capsaicin-sensitive neurons in guinea-pig atria.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Benzomorphans; Capsaicin; Dynorphins; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Heart; Imidazoles; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Neurons; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Reserpine | 1990 |
Spinal dynorphin A (1-17): possible mediator of antianalgesic action.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Antibodies; Clonidine; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nociceptors; Physostigmine; Pyrrolidines; Spinal Cord | 1990 |
Different types of opioid receptors mediating analgesia induced by morphine, DAMGO, DPDPE, DADLE and beta-endorphin in mice.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Somatostatin | 1990 |
Effect of opioids on acetylcholine release evoked by K+ or glutamic acid from rat neostriatal slices.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Luminescent Measurements; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
Opioid agonists, prostaglandin E1 and clonidine modulate non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic transmission in the mammalian heart.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Alprostadil; Animals; Atrial Function; Capsaicin; Clonidine; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Heart; Heart Atria; Imidazoles; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Myocardial Contraction; Nerve Fibers | 1990 |
Opioid actions on single nucleus raphe magnus neurons from rat and guinea-pig in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats | 1990 |
Comparative studies on the effects of some enkephalin agonists on the ERG of frog and turtle.
Topics: Animals; Electroretinography; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Naloxone; Rana ridibunda; Receptors, Opioid; Retina; Sympatholytics; Turtles | 1990 |
GABAA and GABAB antagonists prevent the opioid inhibition of endogenous acetylcholine release evoked by glutamate from rat neostriatal slices.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A | 1990 |
Differential contribution of descending serotonergic and noradrenergic systems to central Tyr-D-Ala2-Gly-NMePhe4-Gly-ol5 (DAMGO) and morphine-induced antinociception in mice.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Methysergide; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Serotonin; Yohimbine | 1991 |
Delta opioid antagonist, naltrindole, selectively blocks analgesia induced by DPDPE but not DAGO or morphine.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Indoles; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time; Restraint, Physical; Stress, Psychological | 1991 |
Different mechanisms mediating tail-flick inhibition induced by beta-endorphin, DAMGO and morphine from ROb and GiA in anesthetized rats.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Brain Stem; Diffusion; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Methysergide; Morphine; Naloxone; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Yohimbine | 1991 |
Analgesic responses elicited by endogenous enkephalins (protected by mixed peptidase inhibitors) in a variety of morphine-sensitive noxious tests.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dipeptides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Hydroxamic Acids; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Phenylalanine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1991 |
[The interaction between nucleus accumbens and amygdala in accelerating the release of enkephalins and beta-endorphin].
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalins; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Nociceptors; Nucleus Accumbens; Rabbits | 1991 |
Tolerance to the respiratory actions of opiates: withdrawal tolerance and asymmetrical cross-tolerance.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Fentanyl; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Respiratory System; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sufentanil | 1990 |
Kappa opioid partial agonist activity of the enkephalin-like pentapeptide BW942C based on urination and in vitro studies in humans and animals.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Adult; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Diuresis; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naltrexone; Oligopeptides; Phenazocine; Pyrrolidines; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Urination; Vas Deferens | 1990 |
Modulation of the analgesic efficacy and potency of morphine by [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1990 |
Binding of opioids to human MCF-7 breast cancer cells and their effects on growth.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Cell Division; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Estradiol; Etorphine; Female; Humans; Kinetics; Morphinans; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1990 |
Lack of antinociceptive cross-tolerance between intracerebroventricularly administered beta-endorphin and morphine or DPDPE in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Brain; Cross Reactions; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid | 1990 |
Opioid receptor ligands in the neonatal rat spinal cord: binding and in vitro depression of the nociceptive responses.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Benzeneacetamides; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Ligands; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Naloxone; Narcotics; Nociceptors; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Spinal Cord | 1990 |
[3H][D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin binding to delta opioid receptors on intact neuroblastoma-glioma (NG 108-15) hybrid cells.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cell Survival; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hybrid Cells; Kinetics; Mice; Models, Biological; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Receptors, Opioid | 1990 |
Tolerance to delta- but not mu-opioid receptors in the spinal cord attenuates inhibition of the tail-flick response induced by beta-endorphin administered intracerebroventricularly in mice.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1990 |
Proglumide selectively potentiates supraspinal mu 1 opioid analgesia in mice.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glutamine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Narcotics; Proglumide; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1990 |
Delta but not mu-opioid receptors in the spinal cord are involved in antinociception induced by beta-endorphin given intracerebroventricularly in mice.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalin, Leucine; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1990 |
Brain mu and delta opioid receptors mediate different locomotor hyperactivity responses of the C57BL/6J mouse.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Motor Activity; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stereotyped Behavior | 1990 |
Opioid agonist affinity in the guinea-pig ileum and mouse vas deferens.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Male; Methadone; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid; Vas Deferens | 1990 |
An attempt to structurally convert mu-selective morphine toward delta-receptor binding: dimerization based on enkephalin conformation.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry, Physical; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Protein Conformation; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Vas Deferens | 1990 |
Involvement of multiple opiate receptors in opioid kindling.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Convulsants; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1990 |
Interaction of newly synthesized N-cyclopropylmethyl derivatives of (-)-6 beta-acetylthionormorphine with opioid receptors.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Enkephalin, Leucine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Pain Measurement; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Synaptosomes; Vas Deferens | 1990 |
Modulation of the potency and efficacy of mu-mediated antinociception by delta agonists in the mouse.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Codeine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphinans; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1990 |
Effects of mu-opioid receptor agonists on circulatory responses to simulated haemorrhage in conscious rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Hematocrit; Hemodynamics; Hemorrhage; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Respiration | 1990 |
Antinociceptive effects of [D-Ala2]deltorphin II, a highly selective delta agonist in vivo.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1990 |
Opioid agonist and antagonist antinociceptive properties of [D-Ala2,Leu5,Cys6]enkephalin: selective actions at the deltanoncomplexed site.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1990 |
Opioid receptor subtypes in the supraoptic nucleus and posterior pituitary gland of morphine-tolerant rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Autoradiography; Benzomorphans; Binding, Competitive; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Female; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Pituitary Gland, Posterior; Plasma; Preoptic Area; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Supraoptic Nucleus | 1990 |
Down-regulation of brain and spinal cord mu-opiate receptors in morphine tolerant-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Down-Regulation; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Membranes; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1990 |
In vivo and in vitro investigation of naltrindole, a delta-opioid antagonist.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphinans; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Vas Deferens | 1990 |
Simultaneous development of opioid tolerance and opioid antagonist-induced receptor upregulation.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Brain; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Pain; Receptors, Opioid; Reference Values; Up-Regulation | 1990 |
Selective modulation of morphine antinociception, but not development of tolerance, by delta receptor agonists.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1990 |
Continuous sucrose feeding decreases pain threshold and increases morphine potency.
Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Composition; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Insulin; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Pain; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sensory Thresholds; Serotonin; Sucrose | 1990 |
Physical dependence potential of an enkephalin analog, EK-399, in rats.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Enkephalins; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Meperidine; Morphine; Naloxone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Pentazocine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1990 |
Spinal antinociceptive synergy between clonidine and morphine, U69593, and DPDPE: isobolographic analysis.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Clonidine; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hot Temperature; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Regression Analysis; Spinal Cord | 1990 |
[D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin, the standard delta opioid agonist, induces morphine-like behaviors in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Motor Activity; Muscle Tonus; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Stereotyped Behavior | 1990 |
Opiates depress ACh and ATP release from cholinergic synaptosomes by blocking calcium uptake.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Calcium; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Narcotics; Potassium; Synaptosomes; Torpedo | 1990 |
Effects of iontophoresed opioids on physiologically characterized laminae I and II dorsal horn neurons in the cat spinal cord.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Decerebrate State; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Iontophoresis; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Spinal Cord | 1990 |
Morphine increases proenkephalin gene expression in the adrenal medulla by a central mechanism.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; Morphine; Nervous System; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; RNA, Messenger | 1990 |
Pharmacological regulation of striatal prodynorphin peptides.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Drug Interactions; Enkephalins; Haloperidol; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substantia Nigra | 1990 |
Effects of iontophoretically applied alpha-casein exorphin on CA1 hippocampal field potentials in vivo.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Caseins; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Iontophoresis; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naloxone; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1990 |
Peptides as potential antinociceptive drugs.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Butorphanol; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Peptides; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1990 |
Opioid regulation of mucosal ion transport in the mouse isolated jejunum.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Biological Transport; Chlorides; Electrolytes; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Mucosa; Jejunum; Mice; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Sodium | 1990 |
Antinociceptive activity of glycosidic enkephalin analogues.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1990 |
Modulation of morphine antinociception by peripheral [Leu5]enkephalin: a synergistic interaction.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, Leucine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists | 1990 |
Morphine affects prodynorphin gene expression in some areas of rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Hippocampus; Male; Morphine; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; RNA, Messenger | 1990 |
Opioid inhibition of synaptic transmission in the guinea-pig myenteric plexus.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Barium; Electric Conductivity; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Morphine; Myenteric Plexus; Naloxone; Nicotine; Potassium; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission | 1985 |
Mu- and delta-opioid receptor-mediated epileptoid responses in morphine-dependent and non-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Electroencephalography; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Epilepsy; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1985 |
Inhibition of dopamine-stimulated cyclic AMP efflux from rat neostriatal slices by activation of mu- and delta-opioid receptors: a permissive role for D-2 dopamine receptors.
Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Cyclic AMP; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1985 |
Role of adenylate cyclase in presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptor- and mu-opioid receptor-mediated inhibition of [3H]noradrenaline release from rat brain cortex slices.
Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Bucladesine; Cadmium; Calcimycin; Cerebral Cortex; Clonidine; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Morphine; Norepinephrine; Phentolamine; Pyrrolidinones; Rats; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Rolipram | 1986 |
Enkephalin modulation of neural transmission in the cat stellate ganglion: pharmacological actions of exogenous opiates.
Topics: (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride; Animals; Cats; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Heart Rate; Histamine; Male; Morphine; Synaptic Transmission | 1986 |
Opposite effects of delta and mu opioid receptor agonists on the in vitro release of substance P-like material from the rat spinal cord.
Topics: Animals; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1987 |
[The influence of electroacupuncture and morphine on substance P (SP), enkephalin (ENK) and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) in the spinal cord of rats].
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Acupuncture Therapy; Animals; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Enkephalins; Histocytochemistry; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Morphine; Rats; Spinal Cord; Substance P; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation | 1986 |
The effects of endorphins on mucous glycoprotein secretion from feline airways in vitro.
Topics: alpha-Endorphin; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cats; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; gamma-Endorphin; Glycoproteins; Morphine; Mucus; Naloxone; Organ Culture Techniques; Secretory Rate; Trachea | 1987 |
[Emetic and antiemetic properties of regulatory peptides].
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Antiemetics; beta-Lipotropin; Cats; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Emetics; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Naloxone; Peptides; Substance P; Time Factors | 1987 |
Mu-opioid receptors modulate non-cholinergic constrictor nerves in guinea-pig airways.
Topics: Animals; Autonomic Nervous System; Bronchi; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Indicators and Reagents; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Peptide Fragments; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance P; Trachea | 1987 |
Modulation of humoral immune responses by endogenous opioids.
Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Antibody Formation; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Histamine Release; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis; Rats | 1988 |
Opioid modulation of non-cholinergic neural bronchoconstriction in guinea-pig in vivo.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Bronchi; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Male; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Substance P; Sympathetic Nervous System; Vagus Nerve | 1988 |
Neonatal capsaicin treatment abolishes the modulations by opioids of substance P release from rat spinal cord slices.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Capsaicin; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord; Substance P | 1989 |
Endogenous opioids and immune responses: an experimental study.
Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Antibody Formation; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Female; Hemagglutination; Histamine Release; Immunity; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1988 |
A novel action of morphine in the rat locus coeruleus: persistent decrease in adenylate cyclase.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; GTP-Binding Proteins; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1989 |
Chronic exposure of NG 108-15 cells to opiate agonists does not alter the amount of the guanine nucleotide-binding proteins Gi and Go.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Glioma; GTP-Binding Proteins; Hybrid Cells; Immunoblotting; Morphine; NAD; Neuroblastoma; Pertussis Toxin; Time Factors; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1989 |
Modulation of mesolimbic dopaminergic projections by beta-endorphin in the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cerebral Ventricles; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Homovanillic Acid; Injections, Intraventricular; Kinetics; Male; Morphine; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Septal Nuclei | 1989 |
Potency of infused spinal antinociceptive agents is inversely related to magnitude of tolerance after continuous infusion.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Clonidine; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Fentanyl; Infusions, Parenteral; Male; Morphine; Pain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Sufentanil | 1989 |
Down-regulation of proopiomelanocortin synthesis and beta-endorphin utilization in hypothalamus of morphine-tolerant rats.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Corpus Striatum; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Hypothalamus; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1989 |
Selective inhibitory effects of ethylketocyclazocine on reflex pathways to the external urethral sphincter of the cat.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Reflex; Urethra; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Incontinence | 1989 |
Delta and Mu receptor agonists correlate with greater depression of cardiac function than morphine sulfate in perfused rat hearts.
Topics: Animals; Cardiac Output; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Cardiovascular System; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Heart Rate; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stroke Volume | 1989 |
Antidiarrheal properties of supraspinal mu and delta and peripheral mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors: inhibition of diarrhea without constipation.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Antidiarrheals; Constipation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1989 |
Paradoxical analgesia produced by low doses of the opiate-antagonist naloxone is mediated by interaction at a site with characteristics of the delta opioid receptor.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1989 |
Alternated delta and mu receptor activation: a stratagem for limiting opioid tolerance.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Routes; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Infusion Pumps; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Morphine; Naloxone; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Time Factors | 1989 |
Lateralization of opioid receptors in turtle visual cortex.
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials, Visual; Functional Laterality; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Turtles; Visual Cortex | 1989 |
Chronic administration of morphine and naltrexone up-regulate mu-opioid binding sites labeled by [3H][D-Ala2,MePhe4,Gly-ol5]enkephalin: further evidence for two mu-binding sites.
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1989 |
Behavioural effects of selective mu-, kappa-, and delta-opioid agonists in neonatal rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Aging; Analgesics; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Behavior, Animal; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1989 |
14 beta-(Bromoacetamido)morphine irreversibly labels mu opioid receptors in rat brain membranes.
Topics: Alkylation; Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Dithiothreitol; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Naloxone; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1989 |
Modulation of mu-mediated antinociception by delta agonists in the mouse: selective potentiation of morphine and normorphine by [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Narcotics; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1989 |
Central and peripheral opioid modulation of gastric relaxation induced by feeding in dogs.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Benzomorphans; Cyclazocine; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eating; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Morphine; Muscle Relaxation; Naloxone; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stomach; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 1989 |
Effects of opioid agonists on sympathetic and parasympathetic transmission to the dog heart.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Heart; Heart Rate; Morphine; Pentazocine; Receptors, Opioid; Sympathetic Nervous System; Synaptic Transmission; Vagus Nerve | 1989 |
The antinociception produced by intrathecal morphine, calcium, A23187, U50,488H, [D-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Gly-ol]enkephalin and [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin after intrathecal administration of calcitonin gene-related peptide in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Calcimycin; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Calcium; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1989 |
Magnitude of opioid dependence after continuous intrathecal infusion of mu- and delta-selective opioids in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Fentanyl; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Sufentanil; Time Factors | 1989 |
Effects of chronic morphine administration on the mu and delta opioid responses in the CA1 region of the rat hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Phosphorylation; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1989 |
Different mu receptor subtypes mediate spinal and supraspinal analgesia in mice.
Topics: Analgesia; Anesthesia, Spinal; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1989 |
Rotational behaviour produced by intranigral injections of bovine and human beta-casomorphins in rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Cattle; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Injections; Male; Mitochondria; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Rotation; Stereotyped Behavior; Substantia Nigra | 1989 |
Morphine-induced desensitization and down-regulation at mu-receptors in 7315C pituitary tumor cells.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Cell Membrane; Colforsin; Diprenorphine; Down-Regulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Morphine; Pituitary Neoplasms; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1989 |
Involvement of the mu-opiate receptor in peripheral analgesia.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Peripheral Nerves; Prostaglandins E; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1989 |
[The effect of morphine and opiate receptor agonists on arterial pressure and the bioelectrical activity of the renal nerve during stimulation of the midbrain central gray substance].
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Kidney; Morphine; p-Chloroamphetamine; Pain; Periaqueductal Gray; Receptors, Opioid; Serotonin; Sympathetic Nervous System | 1989 |
Selectivity for opioid receptor subtypes of enkephalin analogues in isolated smooth muscle and in the analgesic effect in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Benzomorphans; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Pyrrolidines; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid | 1989 |
Chronic opioid antagonist treatment: assessment of receptor upregulation.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain Chemistry; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Kinetics; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Receptors, Opioid; Up-Regulation | 1989 |
Binding in vivo of selective mu and delta opioid receptor agonists: opioid receptor occupancy by endogenous enkephalins.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Hydroxamic Acids; In Vitro Techniques; Injections; Kinetics; Male; Mice; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Phenylalanine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Thiorphan | 1989 |
Changes in prodynorphin peptide content following treatment with morphine or amphetamine: possible role in mechanisms of action of drug of abuse.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Dextroamphetamine; Enkephalins; Euphoria; Male; Morphine; Neural Pathways; Peptides; Protein Precursors; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Substantia Nigra | 1989 |
Evaluation of delta receptor mediation of supraspinal opioid analgesia by in vivo protection against the beta-funaltrexamine antagonist effect.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Dihydromorphine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1989 |
Differential modulation by [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin and dynorphin A-(1-17) of the inhibitory bladder motility effects of selected mu agonists in vivo.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Drug Synergism; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Female; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reflex; Urinary Bladder | 1989 |
Multiplicative interaction between intrathecally and intracerebroventricularly administered mu opioid agonists but limited interactions between delta and kappa agonists for antinociception in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid | 1989 |
Naloxone-insensitive inhibitory and excitatory effects of opioid agonists in the rat isolated uterus.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Estrus; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Uterine Contraction; Uterus | 1989 |
Facilitatory effects of opioids on the discharges of visceral nociceptors.
Topics: Animals; Bradykinin; Dinoprostone; Dogs; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Epididymis; Evoked Potentials; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Nociceptors; Testis | 1989 |
Discriminative stimulus effects of enkephalin analogs, EK-209 and EK-399, in rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Codeine; Conditioning, Operant; Discrimination, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Fentanyl; Generalization, Stimulus; Levallorphan; Male; Morphine; Pentazocine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1989 |
Intracerebroventricular N-ethylmaleimide differentially reduces supraspinal opioid analgesia in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethylmaleimide; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Sulfhydryl Reagents | 1989 |
A crystal molecular conformation of leucine-enkephalin related to the morphine molecule.
Topics: Enkephalin, Leucine; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Morphine; Protein Conformation; X-Ray Diffraction | 1989 |
Met- and leu-enkephalins inhibit rat cortical neurons intracellularly recorded in vivo while morphine excites them: evidence for naloxone-sensitive and naloxone-insensitive effects.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Electrodes; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Male; Membrane Potentials; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1989 |
Effect of calcium ion on analgesia of opioid peptides.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Calcium Chloride; Central Nervous System; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1989 |
Opioid receptor desensitization in NG 108-15 cells. Differential effects of a full and a partial agonist on the opioid-dependent GTPase.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Glioma; GTP Phosphohydrolases; Hybrid Cells; Morphine; Neuroblastoma; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Receptors, Opioid | 1987 |
Antiaversive properties of opioids in the conditioned taste aversion test in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Conditioning, Classical; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Fentanyl; Male; Methadone; Morphine; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Taste | 1987 |
Effects of beta-funaltrexamine on radiolabeled opioid binding.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Dihydromorphine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
Colonic bead expulsion time in normal and mu-opioid receptor deficient (CXBK) mice following central (ICV) administration of mu- and delta-opioid agonists.
Topics: Animals; Colon; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
[Met5]enkephalin acts via delta-opioid receptors to inhibit pelvic nerve-evoked contractions of cat distal colon.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Colon; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Tonus; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1987 |
Opioid delta-receptor involvement in supraspinal and spinal antinociception in mice.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Hot Temperature; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naltrexone; Nociceptors; Pain; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Spinal Cord | 1987 |
Opioid receptor subtypes associated with ventral tegmental facilitation of lateral hypothalamic brain stimulation reward.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Male; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reward | 1987 |
Opioid receptor subtypes associated with ventral tegmental facilitation and periaqueductal gray inhibition of feeding.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Feeding Behavior; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Male; Morphine; Periaqueductal Gray; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tegmentum Mesencephali | 1987 |
Peptide opioid antagonist separates peripheral and central opioid antitransit effects.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Animals; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
Cellular mechanisms of opioid tolerance: studies in single brain neurons.
Topics: Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Membrane Potentials; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Naltrexone; Neurons; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
Binding of naloxone to human T lymphocytes.
Topics: beta-Endorphin; Binding, Competitive; Blood Platelets; Culture Media; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Glutathione; Humans; Kinetics; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Sonication; T-Lymphocytes | 1987 |
Opioid receptors inhibit the adenylate cyclase in guinea pig cochleas.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Cochlea; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid | 1987 |
Chronic morphine upregulates a mu-opiate binding site labeled by [3H]cycloFOXY: a novel opiate antagonist suitable for positron emission tomography.
Topics: Alkylating Agents; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tomography, Emission-Computed | 1987 |
Melphalan-containing N,N-dialkylenkephalin analogs as potential irreversible antagonists of the delta opioid receptor.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Melphalan; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1986 |
Evidence for delta receptor mediation of [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]-enkephalin (DPDPE) analgesia in mice.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Injections, Intraventricular; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1986 |
Opioid analgesia in the mouse: evidence for multiple receptors using beta-FNA.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain; Receptors, Opioid | 1986 |
Opiate receptor binding and behavioral effects of morphine in RHA/Verh and RLA/Verh rats.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Cell Membrane; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Pain; Rats; Rats, Mutant Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Species Specificity | 1986 |
Mu- and delta-opioid modulation of electrically-induced epileptic seizures in mice.
Topics: Animals; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Epilepsy; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Seizures | 1986 |
Effects of prior exposure to morphine on the opioid inhibition of the stimulated release of [3H]norepinephrine from guinea pig cortex slices.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Norepinephrine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid | 1986 |
Inhibitory effects of opioids in a circular muscle-myenteric plexus preparation of guinea-pig ileum.
Topics: Animals; Carbachol; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Narcotics; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
Motivational properties of opioids: evidence that an activation of delta-receptors mediates reinforcement processes.
Topics: Animals; Appetitive Behavior; Avoidance Learning; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Motivation; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Reinforcement, Psychology | 1987 |
Roles of central and peripheral mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors in the mediation of gastric acid secretory effects in the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Brain; Cyclazocine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Gastric Acid; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Pyrrolidines; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1988 |
Binaltorphimine-related bivalent ligands and their kappa opioid receptor antagonist selectivity.
Topics: Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Male; Mice; Models, Molecular; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1988 |
[Physico-chemical study of the heterogeneous population of opioid receptors].
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry, Physical; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Kinetics; Ligands; Male; Models, Biological; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Software | 1988 |
Examination of the involvement of supraspinal and spinal mu and delta opioid receptors in analgesia using the mu receptor deficient CXBK mouse.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Species Specificity | 1988 |
Dissociation of opioid antinociception and central gastrointestinal propulsion in the mouse: studies with naloxonazine.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Nociceptors; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1988 |
LY164929: a highly selective ligand for the lower affinity [3H]D-Ala2-D-Leu-5-enkephalin binding site.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membranes; Models, Biological; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1988 |
[A kinetic model of the interaction of stable GTP analogs with a system of opioid receptors].
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Guanosine Triphosphate; Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate; Kinetics; Ligands; Male; Models, Biological; Morphine; Naloxone; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1988 |
U50,488H differentially antagonizes the bladder effects of mu agonists at spinal sites.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Muscle Contraction; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Urinary Bladder | 1988 |
Role of mu 1-opiate receptors in supraspinal opiate analgesia: a microinjection study.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Brain; Cerebral Ventricles; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Organ Specificity; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1988 |
A highly selective ligand for brain delta opiate receptors, a cyclopropyl(E)Phe(4)-enkephalin analog, suppresses mu receptor-mediated thermal analgesia by morphine.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Hot Temperature; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reference Values | 1988 |
Only one pharmacophore is required for the kappa opioid antagonist selectivity of norbinaltorphimine.
Topics: Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Stereoisomerism; Structure-Activity Relationship; Vas Deferens | 1988 |
Mu-, but not delta-, opioid receptor-mediated antinociception in mice is attenuated by gamma-irradiation.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Gamma Rays; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1988 |
Differential regulation of mu-opiate receptors in heroin- and morphine-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cell Membrane; Dihydromorphine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Heroin; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sodium; Substance-Related Disorders | 1988 |
Nor-binaltorphimine, a highly selective kappa-opioid antagonist in analgesic and receptor binding assays.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Animals; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Oligopeptides; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1988 |
Morphine-induced downregulation of mu-opioid receptors in neonatal rat brain.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Brain; Delayed-Action Preparations; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1988 |
Opioid receptor types in the brain of the Afghan pika (Ochotona rufescens), a species which is naturally tolerant to morphine.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain Chemistry; Diprenorphine; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate; Lagomorpha; Membranes; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sodium | 1988 |
Analgesic and tolerance-inducing effects of the highly selective delta opioid agonist [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Pain; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Sensory Thresholds; Substance-Related Disorders | 1988 |
Acute and chronic opiate-regulation of adenylate cyclase in brain: specific effects in locus coeruleus.
Topics: Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; Animals; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Guanosine Triphosphate; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Neurons; Pertussis Toxin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Time Factors; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1988 |
Upregulation of opioid receptor subtypes correlates with potency changes of morphine and DADLE.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Pain; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1988 |
Study on the receptor subtypes mediating the analgesic action of an enkephalin analog, Tyr-D-Met(O)-Gly-EtPhe-NHNHCOCH3.AcOH (EK-399).
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1988 |
Naloxone-reversible inhibition by opiates of phagocytosis in Tetrahymena thermophila and mouse macrophages.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Macrophages; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Pinocytosis; Receptors, Opioid; Tetrahymena | 1988 |
Selective tolerance at mu and kappa opioid receptors modulating norepinephrine release in guinea pig cortex.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Guinea Pigs; Male; Morphine; Norepinephrine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1988 |
Evidence for opioid receptor interactions in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Narcotics; Pain; Receptors, Opioid | 1988 |
Inhibition by opioid agonists and enhancement by antagonists of the release of catecholamines from the dog adrenal gland in response to splanchnic nerve stimulation: evidence for the functional role of opioid receptors.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; Catecholamines; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Female; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid; Splanchnic Nerves | 1988 |
Antinociception and paralysis induced by intrathecal dynorphin A.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Nociceptors; Paralysis; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1985 |
Monoclonal antibody to enkephalins with binding characteristics similar to opiate receptor.
Topics: alpha-Endorphin; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid | 1985 |
Non-dopaminergic mechanisms in the turning behavior evoked by intranigral opiates.
Topics: Animals; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Hydroxydopamines; Male; Medial Forebrain Bundle; Morphine; Movement; Naltrexone; Neural Pathways; Oxidopamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substantia Nigra | 1985 |
Release of immunoreactive Met-enkephalin from the spinal cord by intraventricular beta-endorphin but not morphine in anesthetized rats.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spinal Cord | 1985 |
Epidural injections of bupivacaine, morphine, fentanyl, lofentanil, and DADL in chronically implanted rats: a pharmacologic and pathologic study.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Bupivacaine; Catheterization; Catheters, Indwelling; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Epidural Space; Fentanyl; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time; Time Factors | 1986 |
Actions of opiate agonists, naloxone, and paraben preservatives in the rat lung circulation.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Hypoxia; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Potassium Chloride; Pulmonary Circulation; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Vasoconstriction | 1986 |
In-vitro study of the enkephalinergic hypothesis for non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic innervation in the cat stomach.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurotransmitter Agents; Serotonin; Stomach; Synaptic Transmission | 1986 |
Different effects of dynorphin A on in vitro guinea pig hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cells with various degrees of paired-pulse facilitation.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Benzomorphans; Drug Interactions; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Synaptic Transmission | 1986 |
The effect of peptides on cerebrovascular resistance in cats.
Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Bradykinin; Captopril; Cats; Cerebral Arteries; Enkephalins; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurotensin; Peptides; Receptors, Bradykinin; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Receptors, Opioid; Vascular Resistance | 1985 |
Characterization of opioid receptors modulating noradrenaline release in the hippocampus of the rabbit.
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Clonidine; Cyclazocine; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Hippocampus; Morphine; Norepinephrine; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid | 1986 |
On the opioid receptor subtype inhibiting the evoked release of 3H-noradrenaline from guinea-pig atria in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Benzomorphans; Binding, Competitive; Corticosterone; Cyclazocine; Desipramine; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Etorphine; Guinea Pigs; Heart Atria; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Myocardium; Naloxone; Norepinephrine; Peptide Fragments; Phentolamine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Synapses | 1986 |
Comparison of the antinociceptive action of mu and delta opioid receptor ligands in the periaqueductal gray matter, medial and paramedial ventral medulla in the rat as studied by the microinjection technique.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Fentanyl; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sufentanil | 1986 |
Enkephalin but not morphine modulates the motor activity in the frog spinal cord in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Dynorphins; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Histocytochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Rana catesbeiana; Reflex; Spinal Cord | 1986 |
Centrally-administered opioid selective agonists inhibit drinking in the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Brain; Cyclazocine; Drinking Behavior; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Peptide Fragments; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1986 |
[Effects of opiate and opioid peptides administered intrathecally on the pain threshold and micturition reflex in rats].
Topics: Animals; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Female; Injections, Spinal; Morphine; Pain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reflex; Sensory Thresholds; Urination | 1986 |
A behavioral role for enkephalins in regulating locomotor activity in the insect Leucophaea maderae: evidence for high affinity kappa-like opioid binding sites.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Morphine; Motor Activity; Orthoptera; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1986 |
[In vitro study of the non-adrenergic non-cholinergic innervation of the rat and cat stomach].
Topics: Animals; Cats; Clonidine; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalins; Female; Gastric Fundus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Relaxation; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Stomach | 1986 |
Binaltorphimine and nor-binaltorphimine, potent and selective kappa-opioid receptor antagonists.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Cyclazocine; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Pyrrolidines; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1987 |
Opiates inhibit the discharges of fine afferent units from inflamed knee joint of the cat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Arthritis; Cats; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Morphine; Naloxone; Nociceptors; Pain; Peripheral Nerves; Pyrrolidines | 1987 |
Bilateral intranigral microinjection of morphine and opioid peptides produces antinociception in rats.
Topics: Animals; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Naloxone; Pain; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time; Substantia Nigra | 1987 |
Interaction between enkephalin and dopamine in the avian retina.
Topics: Animals; Chickens; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Hydroxydopamines; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Morphine; Oxidopamine; Receptors, Opioid; Retina; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1987 |
Synaptosomal free [Ca2+] is reduced by clonidine and dynorphin A-(1-13) and increased by idazoxan.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Brain; Calcium; Clonidine; Dioxanes; Dioxins; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Idazoxan; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptosomes | 1987 |
Mutual antagonism of kappa-opiate and alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist effects on intrasynaptosomal free [Ca2+]i.
Topics: Aminoquinolines; Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Clonidine; Dioxanes; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Fluorescent Dyes; Idazoxan; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Synaptosomes | 1988 |
Mu-, delta-, kappa- and epsilon-opioid receptor modulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis: subchronic tolerance studies of endogenous opioid peptides.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cerebral Ventricles; Drug Tolerance; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
Early ontogeny of kappa-opioid receptor regulation of prolactin secretion in the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hydrazines; Morphine; Peptide Fragments; Prolactin; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Serotonin | 1987 |
Dynorphin1-17 reduces the inhibitory actions of mu- and delta-selective opioid agonists in cortical neurons of the rat in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Male; Morphine; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1988 |
Morphine-like discriminative stimulus effects of opioid peptides: possible modulatory role of D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin (DADL) and dynorphin A (1-13).
Topics: Animals; Discrimination Learning; Discrimination, Psychological; Drug Interactions; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Morphine; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1988 |
Analgesia and the blood-brain barrier transport system for Tyr-MIF-1/enkephalins: evidence for a dissociation.
Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Enkephalins; Food Deprivation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; MSH Release-Inhibiting Hormone; Naloxone; Pain; Restraint, Physical; Stereoisomerism; Stress, Physiological; Time Factors; Water Deprivation | 1988 |
Differential sensitivity of opioid-induced feeding to naloxone and naloxonazine.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dynorphins; Eating; Electroshock; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1988 |
The effect of opiates upon prostatic carcinoma cell growth.
Topics: beta-Endorphin; Cell Division; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Prostatic Neoplasms; Receptors, Opioid; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1988 |
Effects of morphine and opioid peptides on plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide.
Topics: Animals; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; beta-Endorphin; Brain; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Epinephrine; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1988 |
Direct dependence studies in rats with agents selective for different types of opioid receptor.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance-Related Disorders | 1988 |
Further studies on opioids and hibernation: delta opioid receptor ligand selectively induced hibernation in summer-active ground squirrels.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Female; Hibernation; Male; Morphine; Peptides; Proteins; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Reference Values; Sciuridae; Seasons; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1988 |
Orally administered kappa but not mu opiate agonists enhance gastric emptying of a solid canned food meal in dogs.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animal Feed; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Benzomorphans; Diuretics; Dogs; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Gastric Emptying; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1988 |
Morphine increases the activity of midbrain dopamine neurons in vitro.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Bicuculline; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mesencephalon; Mice; Morphine; Neurons; Substantia Nigra | 1985 |
Pharmacological evidence of a central effect of naltrexone, morphine, and beta-endorphin and a peripheral effect of met- and leu-enkephalin on retention of an inhibitory response in mice.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Avoidance Learning; beta-Endorphin; Brain; Drug Interactions; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Male; Memory; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Retention, Psychology | 1985 |
Selective potentiations in opioid analgesia following scopolamine pretreatment.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Drug Synergism; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Scopolamine | 1986 |
Beta-endorphin-(1-27) antagonizes beta-endorphin- but not morphine-, D-Pen2-D-Pen5-enkephalin- and U50, 488H-induced analgesia in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Peptide Fragments; Pyrrolidines; Reaction Time | 1988 |
Opioid effects on plasma concentrations of luteinizing hormone and prolactin in the adult male rhesus monkey.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Luteinizing Hormone; Macaca mulatta; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Prolactin; Receptors, Opioid | 1985 |
Separation of opioid analgesia from respiratory depression: evidence for different receptor mechanisms.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Respiration | 1985 |
[Effect of beta-neo-endorphin--an agonist of chi-opiate receptors on the neuronal activity of the cerebral cortex].
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Evoked Potentials; Female; Iontophoresis; Male; Morphine; Neurons; Receptors, Opioid | 1985 |
The rat urinary bladder. A novel preparation for the investigation of central opioid activity in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System; Enkephalins; Female; Methods; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Urinary Bladder | 1985 |
The use of [3H]-[D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin as a highly selective ligand for the delta-binding site.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Ligands; Male; Morphine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Tritium | 1985 |
Fluoxetine, a selective inhibitor of serotonin uptake, potentiates morphine analgesia without altering its discriminative stimulus properties or affinity for opioid receptors.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Discrimination, Psychological; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Female; Fluoxetine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pain; Propylamines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Serotonin | 1985 |
Increased analgesic potency of morphine and increased brain opioid binding sites in the rat following chronic naltrexone treatment.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Drug Implants; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Pain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Time Factors | 1985 |
Rabbit anti-idiotypic antibodies raised against monoclonal anti-morphine IgG block mu & delta opiate receptor sites.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Female; Guinea Pigs; Immune Sera; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin Idiotypes; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Rabbits; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1985 |
Autoradiographic localization of kappa opiate receptors in CNS taste and feeding areas.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Feeding Behavior; Limbic System; Male; Morphine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Taste | 1985 |
[Differential method of analyzing ligand complex formation with binding centers. The detection of the superhigh-affinity binding centers of opiate ligands].
Topics: Affinity Labels; Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; In Vitro Techniques; Ligands; Membranes; Methods; Models, Biological; Morphine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1985 |
Multiple states of opioid receptors may modulate adenylate cyclase in intact neuroblastoma X glioma hybrid cells.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Cell Line; Cyclic AMP; Diprenorphine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Etorphine; Glioma; Hybrid Cells; Kinetics; Ligands; Morphine; Naloxone; Neuroblastoma; Neurons; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1985 |
Studies on spinal opiate receptor pharmacology. III. Analgetic effects of enkephalin dimers as measured by cutaneous-thermal and visceral-chemical evoked responses.
Topics: Acetates; Acetic Acid; Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Hot Temperature; Male; Morphine; Pain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Skin; Spinal Cord | 1985 |
Opiate and alpha 2-adrenoceptor responses of rat amygdaloid neurons: co-localization and interactions during withdrawal.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Clonidine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Iontophoresis; Male; Microelectrodes; Morphine; Neurons; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1985 |
The effect of opioids and of naloxone on Na+,K+-adenosine triphosphatase activity in frog spinal cord membrane fractions.
Topics: Animals; Captopril; Cell Membrane; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Glycopeptides; Morphine; Naloxone; Rana temporaria; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Spinal Cord | 1985 |
Thymus peptides interacting with opiate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Enkephalins; Hemoglobins; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Peptides; Proteins; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Thymus Gland | 1985 |
beta-Endorphin and enkephalins stimulate duodenal mucosal alkaline secretion in the rat in vivo.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Bicarbonates; Duodenum; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Stimulation, Chemical | 1986 |
Novel analgesic peptides.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalins; Morphine; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1985 |
A radiolabeled-ligand-binding technique for the characterization of opioid receptors in the intact mouse vas deferens.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Radioligand Assay; Receptors, Opioid; Vas Deferens | 1985 |
Role of endogenous opiates and extracellular K+ accumulation in the inhibition of frog spinal reflexes by electrical skin stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Extracellular Space; Hindlimb; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Morphine; Naloxone; Neural Inhibition; Neurons, Afferent; Potassium; Rana temporaria; Reflex; Skin Physiological Phenomena; Spinal Cord; Spinal Nerve Roots; Synaptic Transmission | 1985 |
Multiple mu opiate receptors: biochemical and pharmacological evidence for multiplicity.
Topics: Animals; Dihydromorphine; Enkephalins; Humans; Morphine; Pain; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1986 |
Involvement of different receptor subtypes for the production of in vitro and in vivo effects in a series of synthetic enkephalin analogues.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Time Factors | 1985 |
Intrathecal D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin (DADL) restores analgesia in a patient analgetically tolerant to intrathecal morphine sulfate.
Topics: Aged; Carcinoma; Clonidine; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Humans; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pain, Intractable; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Skull Neoplasms; Spinal Neoplasms; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Thyroid Neoplasms | 1986 |
An assessment of the role of opioid receptors in the response to cannabimimetic drugs.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; Animals; Cannabinoids; Cell Line; Dronabinol; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Etorphine; Morphine; Naltrexone; Neuroblastoma; Neurons; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1986 |
Subclass specificity of anti-idiotypic anti-opiate receptor antibodies in rat brain, guinea pig cerebellum, & neuroblastoma x glioma (NG 108-15).
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; Binding, Competitive; Cell Line; Cerebellum; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Morphine; Neurilemma; Neurons; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1986 |
Cyclic AMP or forskolin rapidly attenuates the depressant effects of opioids on sensory-evoked dorsal-horn responses in mouse spinal cord-ganglion explants.
Topics: Animals; Bucladesine; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ganglia, Spinal; Mice; Morphine; Organ Culture Techniques; Spinal Cord | 1986 |
Morphine analgesia is potentiated in adult rats prenatally exposed to ethanol.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Drug Synergism; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Female; Morphine; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1986 |
Differential electrographic patterns for specific mu- and delta-opioid peptides in rats.
Topics: Animals; Electroencephalography; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Epilepsy; Male; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1986 |
Morphine tolerance increases mu-noncompetitive delta binding sites.
Topics: Animals; Brain; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Morphine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1986 |
Opioid receptors in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells: evidence for distinct morphine (mu) and enkephalin (delta) binding sites.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cell Line; Enkephalins; Humans; Ligands; Mice; Morphine; Neuroblastoma; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1986 |
[Synthesis and analysis of des-Met5-[D-Ala2]enkephalinamide analogs].
Topics: Amino Acids; Analgesics; Animals; Circular Dichroism; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Oligopeptides; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1986 |
Stress-induced changes in the analgesic and thermic effects of opioid peptides in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Pain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Restraint, Physical; Stress, Physiological | 1986 |
Opiate-induced seizures: a study of mu and delta specific mechanisms.
Topics: Animals; Electroencephalography; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Morphine; Narcotics; Oligopeptides; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Seizures | 1986 |
[Participation of the endogenous opioid system in the formation of the body's response to stress].
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Electroshock; Enkephalins; Hypothalamus; Macaca mulatta; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Naloxone; Papio; Receptors, Opioid; Restraint, Physical; Stress, Psychological | 1986 |
Blockade of D-2 dopamine receptors strongly enhances the potency of enkephalins to inhibit dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase in rat neostriatum: involvement of delta- and mu-opioid receptors.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; Animals; Benzazepines; Corpus Striatum; Cyclic AMP; Dopamine; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ergolines; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Quinpirole; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1986 |
Behavioral effects of opioid peptides selective for mu or delta receptors. I. Morphine-like discriminative stimulus effects.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1986 |
Studies of kappa agonist.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Humans; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1986 |
Modulation of cholinergic transmission by opiate peptide and FMRFamide on identified neurons of Helix pomatia L. (Gastropoda, Mollusca).
Topics: Animals; Cholinergic Fibers; Enkephalin, Leucine; FMRFamide; Helix, Snails; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Synaptic Transmission | 1986 |
Pharmacodynamic supersensitivity and opioid receptor upregulation in the mouse.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid; Time Factors | 1986 |
[Changes in the properties of brain opiate receptors during the development of morphine tolerance in rats].
Topics: Animals; Brain; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Kinetics; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1986 |
Studies on the effects of intrathalamically injected DADL and morphine on nociceptive thresholds and electroencephalographic activity: a thalamic delta receptor syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Electroencephalography; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Male; Morphine; Pain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Seizures; Sensory Thresholds; Thalamus | 1986 |
Estimation of the affinity of naloxone at supraspinal and spinal opioid receptors in vivo: studies with receptor selective agonists.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1986 |
Activation of presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors attenuates the inhibitory effect of mu-opioid receptor agonists on noradrenaline release from brain slices.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Cadmium; Clonidine; Colforsin; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Norepinephrine; Phentolamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1986 |
The adenylate cyclase rebound response to naloxone in the NG108-15 cells. Effects of etorphine and other opiates.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Alprostadil; Cell Line; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Etorphine; Glioma; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Neuroblastoma; Receptors, Opioid | 1986 |
Studies on the mesolimbic loop of antinociception--II. A serotonin-enkephalin interaction in the nucleus accumbens.
Topics: Animals; Brain Mapping; Enkephalins; Morphine; Naloxone; Neural Pathways; Nucleus Accumbens; Pain; Periaqueductal Gray; Rabbits; Septal Nuclei; Serotonin; Synaptic Transmission | 1986 |
Increased food intake after opioid microinjections into nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area of rat.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drinking Behavior; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Feeding Behavior; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Naloxone; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Septal Nuclei; Tegmentum Mesencephali | 1986 |
Continuous intrathecal opioid analgesia: tolerance and cross-tolerance of mu and delta spinal opioid receptors.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1987 |
Morphine and enkephalins potently inhibit [3H]noradrenaline release from rat brain cortex synaptosomes: further evidence for a presynaptic localization of mu-opioid receptors.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Norepinephrine; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Synaptosomes; Tetrahydronaphthalenes | 1987 |
[The role of various opiate receptors in the regulation of the nociceptive reaction of the arterial pressure].
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Blood Pressure; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Hemodynamics; Morphine; Nociceptors; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1987 |
Role of mu and delta receptors in the supraspinal and spinal analgesic effects of [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin in the mouse.
Topics: Analgesia; Anesthesia, Spinal; Animals; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
C57BL/6J-bgJ (beige) mice: differential sensitivity in the tail flick test to centrally administered mu- and delta-opioid receptor agonists.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Mutant Strains; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
Effects of selective mu- and delta-opioid peptides on kindled amygdaloid seizures in rats.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
Multiple interconvertible affinity states for the delta opioid agonist-receptor complex.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylmaleimide; Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Morphine; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Synaptic Membranes | 1987 |
Biphasic competition between opiates and enkephalins: does it indicate the existence of a common high affinity ("mu-1") binding site?
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Kinetics; Male; Morphine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
[D-Pen2,L-Pen5]enkephalin induced analgesia in the jimpy mouse: in vivo evidence for delta-receptor mediated analgesia.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Cerebrosides; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Jimpy; Morphine; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1987 |
Leucine-enkephalin as a modulator of neurotransmission in cat lower esophageal sphincter.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Esophagogastric Junction; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Naloxone; Synaptic Transmission | 1987 |
[Effect of the opiate antagonist naloxone on the electrical activity of identified neurons in the edible snail].
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; beta-Endorphin; Drug Interactions; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Helix, Snails; Membrane Potentials; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Receptors, Opioid | 1987 |
[Opioid activity of peptides and wound healing of the skin].
Topics: Animals; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Skin; Wound Healing | 1987 |
Sensitization occurs to the locomotor effects of morphine and the specific mu opioid receptor agonist, DAGO, administered repeatedly to the ventral tegmental area but not to the nucleus accumbens.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Septal Nuclei; Stimulation, Chemical; Tegmentum Mesencephali | 1987 |
Synthesis and evaluation of melphalan-containing N,N-dialkylenkephalin analogues as irreversible antagonists of the delta opioid receptor.
Topics: Alkylation; Animals; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Melphalan; Mice; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1987 |
Enhanced binding of morphine and nalorphine to opioid delta receptor by glucuronate and sulfate conjugations at the 6-position.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Glucuronates; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Nalorphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sulfates | 1987 |
Cardiorespiratory effects and kinetics of intrathecally injected D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin and morphine in unanesthetized dogs.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Carbon Dioxide; Cardiovascular System; Dogs; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Injections, Spinal; Kinetics; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Respiration | 1986 |
Pertussis toxin treatment results in tolerance to the depressant effects of opioid, monoaminergic, and muscarinic agonists on dorsal-horn network responses in mouse spinal cord-ganglion cultures.
Topics: Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; Animals; Carbachol; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Fetus; Ganglia, Spinal; Mice; Morphine; Norepinephrine; Organ Culture Techniques; Oxotremorine; Pertussis Toxin; Serotonin; Spinal Cord; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1986 |
Tolerance to opioids in single locus coeruleus neurons of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Locus Coeruleus; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Neurons; Rats | 1986 |
Peripheral analgesic action of clonidine: mediation by release of endogenous enkephalin-like substances.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Carrageenan; Clonidine; Dinoprostone; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Peripheral Nerves; Prostaglandins E; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Yohimbine | 1988 |
Morphine alters preproenkephalin gene expression.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Drug Implants; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; Morphine; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1988 |
Effects of double-enkephalin (biphalin), an enkephalin analogue, on respiration and the cough reflex in rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Cough; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reflex; Respiration | 1988 |
Excitatory effects of opiates on the spontaneous EMG activity in pigeon oesophagus.
Topics: Animals; Columbidae; Electromyography; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Esophagus; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth | 1988 |
Interaction between opioid agonists or naloxone and 5-HTP on feeding behavior in food-deprived rats.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Feeding Behavior; Food Deprivation; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1988 |
Convulsant action of morphine, [D-Ala2, D-Leu5]-enkephalin and naloxone in the rat amygdala: electroencephalographic, morphological and behavioural sequelae.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Brain; Convulsants; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Electroencephalography; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1987 |
Enkephalin uptake into cholinergic synaptic vesicles and nerve terminals.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Electric Organ; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Kinetics; Morphine; Naloxone; Nerve Endings; Synaptic Vesicles; Synaptosomes; Torpedo | 1987 |
Electrophysiologic responses and adenylate cyclase activities of mouse spinal cord-dorsal root ganglion explants rendered tolerant by chronic exposure to morphine or pertussis toxin.
Topics: Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Carbachol; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Evoked Potentials; Ganglia, Spinal; Mice; Morphine; Norepinephrine; Organ Culture Techniques; Oxotremorine; Pertussis Toxin; Serotonin; Spinal Cord; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1987 |
[Delayed antihypoxic effect of leu enkephalin in mice].
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Hypoxia; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Time Factors | 1988 |
Chronic exposure to opiate agonists increases proenkephalin biosynthesis in NG108 cells.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Colforsin; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Genes; Glioma; Hybrid Cells; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Neuroblastoma; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Transcription, Genetic | 1988 |
Contraversive circling induced by ventral tegmental microinjections of moderate doses of morphine and [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Stereotyped Behavior; Tegmentum Mesencephali; Time Factors | 1988 |
[Reduction of the rate of mitochondrial respiration in the rat heart perfused with opioids and naloxone].
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mitochondria, Heart; Morphine; Naloxone; Oxygen Consumption; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1988 |
Opposite effects of kappa-opioid agonists on gastric emptying of liquids and solids in dogs.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Administration, Oral; Animal Feed; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Benzomorphans; Dogs; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Gastric Emptying; Injections, Intravenous; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Pyrrolidines | 1988 |
[D-Met2,Pro5] enkephalin [N1.5-beta-D-glucopyranosyl] amide: a glycosylpeptide with high antinociceptive activity.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Indicators and Reagents; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Pain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1988 |
Influence of opiates on alkali secretion by amphibian gastric and duodenal mucosa in vitro.
Topics: Alkalies; Animals; Duodenum; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Gastric Acid; Gastric Mucosa; Intestinal Mucosa; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rana catesbeiana; Rana temporaria; Stimulation, Chemical | 1986 |
Ethanol does not modify opiate-mediated inhibition of striatal adenylate cyclase.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethanol; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine | 1986 |
Opioid mydriasis: cross-tolerance between morphine and enkephalins.
Topics: Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pupil | 1986 |
Cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics of intrathecal morphine sulfate and D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin.
Topics: Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Injections, Spinal; Kinetics; Morphine | 1986 |
Pertussis toxin blocks depressant effects of opioid, monoaminergic and muscarinic agonists on dorsal-horn network responses in spinal cord-ganglion cultures.
Topics: Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Carbachol; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ganglia, Spinal; Mice; Morphine; Norepinephrine; Organ Culture Techniques; Oxotremorine; Pertussis Toxin; Serotonin; Spinal Cord; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1987 |
[Effects of morphine and endogenous opioids on mechanical activity of isolated and perfused rat hearts ].
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Heart; Heart Rate; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Naloxone; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sarcolemma | 1987 |
Interactions between enkephalin and gamma-aminobutyric acid in the larval tiger salamander retina.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Larva; Membrane Potentials; Morphine; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Urodela | 1987 |
Catecholamines bind to enkephalins, morphiceptin, and morphine.
Topics: Catecholamines; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Models, Chemical; Molecular Conformation; Morphine; Norepinephrine; Peptide Fragments | 1987 |
Sex and day-night differences in opiate-induced responses of insular wild deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus triangularis.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Circadian Rhythm; Enkephalin, Leucine; Feeding Behavior; Female; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Pain; Peromyscus; Pyrrolidines; Sex Characteristics | 1987 |
Effects of two enkephalin analogues, morphine sulphate, dopamine and naloxone on prolactin secretion from rat anterior pituitary glands in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Depression, Chemical; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Organ Culture Techniques; Perfusion; Pituitary Gland, Anterior; Prolactin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors | 1986 |
Effects of superfusion of morphine and enkephalins on the activity of single units in the spinal trigeminal nucleus and cuneate nucleus of cat.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cats; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Naloxone; Trigeminal Nucleus, Spinal | 1986 |
Actions of morphine and enkephalins on the internal anal sphincter of the cat: relevance for the physiological role of opiates.
Topics: Action Potentials; Anal Canal; Animals; Axons; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Electromyography; Enkephalins; Female; Hypogastric Plexus; Male; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone | 1986 |
Effect of morphine treatment and withdrawal on endogenous methionine- and leucine-enkephalin levels in primate brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Chlorocebus aethiops; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1986 |
Synthesis of a potent enkephalin analog, Tyr-D-Thr-Gly-Phe-delta 3 Pro-NH2, and some of its biological activities.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Diarrhea; Enkephalins; Indicators and Reagents; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Optical Rotation; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thiazolidines | 1986 |
[Comparative study by a radioreceptor method of the pharmacokinetics of opiate ligands: morphine and dalargin].
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Kinetics; Ligands; Morphine; Radioligand Assay; Time Factors | 1986 |
Effects of centrally administered naloxone on gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity in morphine-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Clonidine; Digestive System; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Leucine; Gastrointestinal Motility; Indomethacin; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Methysergide; Morphine; Naloxone; Phentolamine; Rats; Substance-Related Disorders; Tolazoline | 1987 |
Scintillation proximity radioimmunoassay utilizing 125I-labeled ligands.
Topics: Chorionic Gonadotropin; Enkephalins; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Kinetics; Morphine; Radioimmunoassay; Scintillation Counting; Thyroxine | 1985 |
Intrathecal morphine tolerance: use of intrathecal clonidine, DADLE, and intraventricular morphine.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Bupivacaine; Clonidine; Combined Modality Therapy; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Female; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Middle Aged; Morphine; Nerve Block; Pain, Intractable; Pelvic Neoplasms; Terminal Care | 1985 |
Effect of opiates on the release of cholecystokinin from in vitro hypothalamus and frontal cortex of Zucker lean (Fa/-) and obese (fa/fa) rats.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Frontal Lobe; Hypothalamus; Morphine; Naloxone; Obesity; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Zucker; Sincalide | 1985 |
Locomotor activity of rats after injection of various opioids into the nucleus accumbens and the septum mediale.
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Injections; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Narcotics; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Septal Nuclei; Septum Pellucidum | 1985 |
[Inhibition of enkephalins degradation in the nucleus accumbens leads to potentiation of acupuncture and morphine analgesia].
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Aminopeptidases; Analgesia; Animals; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Endopeptidases; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Leucine; Male; Morphine; Neprilysin; Nucleus Accumbens; Protease Inhibitors; Rabbits; Septal Nuclei; Thiorphan; Tiopronin; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation | 1985 |
Differential respiratory patterns induced by opioids applied to the ventral medullary and dorsal pontine surfaces of cats.
Topics: Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Cats; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Female; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Pons; Respiration; Tidal Volume; Time Factors | 1985 |
Effect of ethanol on inhibition of striatal adenylate cyclase activity.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Female; GTP-Binding Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Rats | 1985 |
Non-opiate and peripheral-opiate cardiovascular effects of morphine in conscious dogs.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Cardiovascular System; Dogs; Enkephalin, Leucine; Female; Heart Rate; Kinetics; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Oxymorphone | 1986 |
Effects of intracerebral morphine and enkephalins on the caudate-EEG spindle burst.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Caudate Nucleus; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Injections; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1985 |
Effects of enkephalins, morphine, and naloxone on pial arteries during perivascular microapplication.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Cerebral Arteries; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pia Mater; Vascular Resistance; Vasodilation | 1985 |
Reduced mechanical activity of perfused rat heart following morphine or enkephalin peptides administration.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Heart Rate; Isoproterenol; Male; Morphine; Myocardial Contraction; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1985 |
The effects of morphine and enkephaline on gallbladder function in experimental cholecystitis. Inhibition of inflammatory gallbladder secretion.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Cholecystitis; Cholelithiasis; Enkephalins; Female; Gallbladder; Male; Morphine | 1985 |
The mu rather than the delta subtype of opioid receptors appears to be involved in enkephalin-induced analgesia.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Leucine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Thiorphan; Tiopronin | 1984 |
Roles of mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors in spinal and supraspinal mediation of gastrointestinal transit effects and hot-plate analgesia in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Animals; Digestive System Physiological Phenomena; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hot Temperature; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotics; Oligopeptides; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1984 |
Morphine noncompetitively inhibits [3H]leucine enkephalin binding to membranes lacking type-II delta binding sites: evidence for a two-site allosteric model.
Topics: Allosteric Regulation; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Cell Membrane; Enkephalin, Leucine; Fentanyl; Isothiocyanates; Kinetics; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1984 |
[Binding sites of opiates and endogenous opioids in the oocytes of the toad Bufo viridis].
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Binding Sites; Bufonidae; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Oocytes; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid; Vas Deferens | 1984 |
Interaction of morphine-epoxide with multiple opiate receptors.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Dihydromorphine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Muscle Contraction; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1984 |
Neuronal sensitivity to opiate and opioid peptides in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Effects of chronic treatment with morphine.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Dihydromorphine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Evoked Potentials; Guinea Pigs; Hypothalamus, Middle; Male; Morphine; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Norepinephrine; Receptors, Opioid; Synaptic Transmission | 1984 |
[Stability of opiate receptors of wet and lyophilized preparations of rat brain membranes].
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Cell Membrane; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Freeze Drying; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1984 |
Opioid control of the ruminant stomach motility: functional importance of mu, kappa and delta receptors.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Fentanyl; Gastrointestinal Motility; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sheep; Stomach | 1984 |
[Effect of the nitro analog of tetrapeptidamide and morphine on the cerebral blood supply].
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Cats; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Enkephalins; Hemodynamics; Morphine; Nitro Compounds; Receptors, GABA-A; Reflex | 1984 |
Inhibition of the cardiac response to sympathetic nerve stimulation by opioid peptides and its potentiation by morphine and methadone.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Drug Synergism; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Guinea Pigs; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Methadone; Morphine; Myocardial Contraction; Norepinephrine; Sympathetic Nervous System | 1984 |
Effects of delta and mu opiopeptides on the turnover and release of dopamine in rat striatum.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1984 |
Hyperthermic response of the cat to intraventricular injection of the opioid delta-receptor agonist D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Body Temperature Regulation; Cats; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1984 |
Comparative antagonism by naltrexone and naloxone of mu, kappa, and delta agonists.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Vas Deferens | 1984 |
Opioid receptor subtypes involved in the central inhibition of urinary bladder motility.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Urinary Bladder | 1984 |
Involvement of endogenous opioid systems in social behavior of individually-housed mice.
Topics: Aggression; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Humans; Male; Methadone; Mice; Mice, Inbred DBA; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Social Behavior; Social Isolation | 1984 |
[Effect of beta-endorphin, enkephalins and their synthetic analogs on the neuronal electrical activity of the respiratory center in the medulla oblongata].
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cats; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Iontophoresis; Medulla Oblongata; Microelectrodes; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Rabbits; Respiration; Respiratory Center | 1984 |
Opposite effects of the delta- and mu-opioid receptor agonists on ventilation in conscious adult dogs.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Respiration; Respiratory Center | 1984 |
[Differences in the action of enkephalins, beta-endorphin, and morphine on spontaneous rhythmic movements of the isolated rabbit ileum].
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Naloxone; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid | 1984 |
Inhibition via opioid mu- and delta-receptors of vagal transmission in rabbit isolated heart.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Synaptic Transmission; Vagus Nerve | 1984 |
Tolerance and withdrawal are associated with ligand dependent receptor regulation in vitro and in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Humans; Hybrid Cells; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1984 |
Hypothalamic opioid peptide regulation of catecholamine secretion.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Brain; Catecholamines; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1984 |
Mu-receptors in the C57BL mouse vas deferens.
Topics: Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Vas Deferens | 1984 |
Opiate peptide receptors on intact NIE-115 neuroblastoma: radioligand binding properties, intracellular response, and effects of increasing membrane cholesterol.
Topics: Animals; Cholesterol; Clone Cells; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Membrane Lipids; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Neuroblastoma; Receptors, Opioid | 1984 |
Behavioral activating effects of opiates and opioid peptides.
Topics: Animals; Benzimidazoles; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Exploratory Behavior; Male; Methadone; Mice; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats | 1980 |
Opiates and specific receptor binding of [3H]clonidine.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Clonidine; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Receptors, Drug | 1980 |
K+-evoked release of met-enkephalin from rat striatum in vitro: effect of putative neurotransmitters and morphine.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Haloperidol; Hydroxydopamines; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium; Radioimmunoassay; Rats | 1980 |
Actions of methionine enkephalin and morphine on single neuronal activity in Helix pomatia l.
Topics: Animals; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Helix, Snails; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Receptors, Opioid | 1980 |
Central cardiovascular effects of narcotic analgesics and enkephalins in rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Pressure; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Fentanyl; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Male; Morphine; Oxygen Consumption; Rats | 1980 |
Morphine-like activities of synthetic enkephalin analogues.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1981 |
Stimulation of dopamine synthesis and release by morphine and D-ala2-D-leu5-enkephalin in the mouse striatum in vivo.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Benztropine; Corpus Striatum; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1981 |
Possible regulatory role of dynorphin on morphine- and beta-endorphin-induced analgesia.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1981 |
The preference of putative pro-enkephalins for different types of opiate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Brain; Drug Tolerance; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Fentanyl; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Male; Mice; Morphine; Protein Precursors; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Vas Deferens | 1981 |
Opiate receptor antagonism by L-prolyl-L-leucyl-glycinamide, MIF-I.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Morphine; Motor Activity; MSH Release-Inhibiting Hormone; Muscle Contraction; Pain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Vas Deferens | 1980 |
Evidence for a single opioid receptor type on the field stimulated rat vas deferens.
Topics: Animals; Benzimidazoles; beta-Endorphin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Fentanyl; Male; Morphine; Oxymorphone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Sufentanil; Vas Deferens | 1981 |
Noradrenergic terminal excitability: effects of opioids.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Frontal Lobe; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid | 1982 |
Morphine and [D-Met2,Pro5]enkephalinamide do not show specific neuroleptic activity.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Apomorphine; Conditioning, Classical; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Haloperidol; Humans; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Rotation; Stereotyped Behavior | 1982 |
Stereospecific inhibition of oxotremorine-induced antinociception by (+)-isomers of opioid antagonists: comparison with opioid receptor agonists.
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Oxotremorine; Receptors, Opioid; Stereoisomerism | 1982 |
Kappa opiate receptors localized by autoradiography to deep layers of cerebral cortex: relation to sedative effects.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Autoradiography; Benzomorphans; Brain Stem; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Male; Morphine; Organ Specificity; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Tritium | 1982 |
Regional release of [3H]dopamine from rat brain in vitro: effects of opioids on release induced by potassium, nicotine, and L-glutamic acid.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Nicotine; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 1983 |
Intrathecal delta-receptor ligand produces analgesia in man.
Topics: Aged; Analgesia; Animals; Cats; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Humans; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Pain, Intractable; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1983 |
Differential modification of opiate receptor activity by arylsulfatase treatment.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Arylsulfatases; beta-Endorphin; Cyclazocine; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Drug Antagonism; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Hormones; Kinetics; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Sulfatases | 1983 |
Enkephalins and the secretion of pancreatic somatostatin and insulin in the dog: studies in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Glucose; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Islets of Langerhans; Morphine; Naloxone; Somatostatin | 1983 |
Effect of morphine, leu-enkephalin and beta-casomorphins on basal somatostatin release in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Morphine; Naloxone; Somatostatin | 1983 |
Inhibition of an opioid-evoked vagal reflex in rats by naloxone, SMS 201-995 and ICI 154, 129.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Heart Rate; Kinetics; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Octreotide; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Reflex; Somatostatin; Vagus Nerve | 1983 |
In vitro study of frog (Rana ridibunda Pallas) neurointermediate lobe secretion by use of a simplified perifusion system. III. Effect of neuropeptides on alpha-MSH secretion.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones; Morphine; Perfusion; Pituitary Gland; Rana ridibunda; Somatostatin; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1983 |
Comparison of analgesic potencies of mu, delta and kappa agonists locally applied to various CNS regions relevant to analgesia in rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain Stem; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1983 |
Opioid receptor sub-types involved in the control of transmitter release in cortex of the brain of the rat.
Topics: Animals; beta-Lipotropin; Cerebral Cortex; Clomipramine; Edetic Acid; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Estradiol; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Naloxone; Narcotics; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Serotonin | 1984 |
Opioid receptor agonists in the rabbit colon: comparison of in vivo and in vitro studies.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Colon; Cyclazocine; Dynorphins; Electric Conductivity; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Fentanyl; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1984 |
Dynorphin-(1-13) restores the potency of morphine on the tolerant guinea pig ileum.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cyclazocine; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Peptide Fragments | 1984 |
Characteristics of 3H-tifluadom binding in guinea-pig brain membranes.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Benzomorphans; Binding Sites; Brain; Cyclazocine; Dihydromorphine; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid | 1984 |
Binding of [3H]clonidine to membranes from cow neurohypophysis and cerebral cortex of the rat.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cattle; Cerebral Cortex; Clonidine; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Membranes; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Pituitary Gland, Posterior; Rats | 1984 |
Studies on the pharmacology of central opioid-induced increases in plasma catecholamines in conscious rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Analgesics; Animals; Catecholamines; Dioxanes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Idazoxan; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Time Factors | 1984 |
Tail-pinch method in vitro and the effects of some antinociceptive compounds.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Baclofen; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Somatostatin; Spinal Cord; Stereotyped Behavior; Tail | 1984 |
Alterations by captopril of pain reactions due to thermal stimulation of the mouse foot: interactions with morphine, naloxone and aprotinin.
Topics: Animals; Aprotinin; Behavior, Animal; Captopril; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Enkephalins; Female; Hot Temperature; Kinins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Nociceptors; Proline; Prostaglandins; Reaction Time; Time Factors | 1980 |
Substance P, morphine and methionine-enkephalin: effects on spontaneous and evoked neuronal firing in the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pain; Pressure; Rats; Substance P | 1980 |
Substance P and leucine-enkephalin changes after chordotomy and morphine treatment.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Cordotomy; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Haplorhini; Histocytochemistry; Morphine; Rats; Spinal Cord; Substance P | 1981 |
Contractile effect of morphine and related opioid alkaloids, beta-endorphin and methionine enkephalin on the isolated colon from Long Evans rats.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Calcium; Colon; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Hexamethonium Compounds; Histamine Release; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Naloxone; Narcotics; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin | 1981 |
Opiate agonists inhibit neurogenic plasma extravasation in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Exudates and Transudates; Female; Morphine; Neurons, Afferent; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Substance P | 1981 |
The effect of intracerebroventricular infusion of morphine, methionine-enkephalin and D-Ala2-enkephalinamide on body temperature of rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature Regulation; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Fever; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Rabbits; Shivering; Vasoconstriction | 1982 |
Intrathecal opioids block a spinal action of substance P in mice: functional importance of both mu- and delta-receptors.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotics; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission | 1982 |
Studies on the opiate receptor-mediated inhibition of K+-stimulated cholecystokinin and substance P release from cat hypothalamus in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Cholecystokinin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Hypothalamus; Morphine; Naloxone; Potassium; Receptors, Opioid; Substance P | 1984 |
Endorphins stimulate normal human peripheral blood lymphocyte natural killer activity.
Topics: alpha-Endorphin; beta-Endorphin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; gamma-Endorphin; Humans; Interferons; Killer Cells, Natural; Morphine; Naloxone | 1984 |
Effects of morphine, enkephalins and naloxone on postprandial gastric acid secretion, gastric emptying and gastrin release in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Food; Gastric Acid; Gastric Emptying; Gastrins; Morphine; Naloxone | 1984 |
Effects of endorphins, enkephalins, certain analogues, and morphine sulfate on brain function and behavior of monkeys: a role in schizophrenia, epilepsy, and analgesia?
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Electroencephalography; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Epilepsy; Macaca mulatta; Morphine; Schizophrenia | 1984 |
Comparison of methionine-enkephalin and morphine in the stimulation of gastric acid secretion in the dog.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Gastric Juice; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrins; Morphine; Naloxone; Pentagastrin; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Histamine H2; Receptors, Opioid; Regional Blood Flow | 1980 |
Pain, enkephalin and acupuncture.
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Brain Stem; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Morphine; Neural Inhibition; Pain; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission | 1980 |
Modulation of nicotinic receptors by opiate receptor agonists in cultured adrenal chromaffin cells.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Catecholamines; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Morphine; Naloxone; Nicotine; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Receptors, Opioid | 1980 |
Interaction of opioid peptides with model membranes. A carbon-13 nuclear magnetic study of enkephalin binding to phosphatidylserine.
Topics: Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Membranes, Artificial; Models, Biological; Morphine; Osmolar Concentration; Phosphatidylserines; Protein Binding; Receptors, Opioid | 1980 |
Opiate receptors influence vasopressin release from nerve terminals in rat neurohypophysis.
Topics: Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Culture Techniques; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Morphine; Pituitary Gland; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1980 |
Multiple opiate receptor sites on primary afferent fibres.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Motor Neurons; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Sciatic Nerve; Spinal Cord | 1980 |
Selective protection of stereospecific enkephalin and opiate binding against inactivation by N-ethylmaleimide: evidence for two classes of opiate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Ethylmaleimide; Kinetics; Ligands; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1980 |
Effect of antenatal exposure to opiates on the development of opiate receptors in rat brain.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Fetus; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Morphine; Naloxone; Pregnancy; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1980 |
Opiate receptors: problems of definition and characterization.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Caudate Nucleus; Cyclazocine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; Humans; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid | 1980 |
Local analgesic effect of morphine on the hyperalgesia induced by cAMP, Ca2+, isoprenaline, and PGE2.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Calcium; Carbachol; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Enkephalins; Humans; Hyperalgesia; Hyperesthesia; Isoproterenol; Morphine; Nociceptors; Prostaglandin Antagonists; Prostaglandins E; Synaptic Transmission | 1980 |
Excitatory action of opioid peptides and opiates on cultured hippocampal pyramidal cells.
Topics: Animals; Culture Techniques; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Fentanyl; Hippocampus; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Rats; Synaptic Transmission | 1980 |
Acetaldehyde-enkephalins: pronounced changes in the opiate activity of methionine-enkephalin and leucine-enkephalin on reaction with acetaldehyde.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Male; Mice; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Vas Deferens | 1980 |
The effects of opiate agonists on growth hormone and prolactin release in rats.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Enkephalins; Growth Hormone; Male; Methadone; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Parasympathomimetics; Prolactin; Rats; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Opioid; Secretory Rate | 1980 |
Location and characterization of opiate receptors regulating pituitary secretion.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Chromatography, Gel; Corpus Striatum; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Growth Hormone; Hypothalamus; Luteinizing Hormone; Morphine; Naltrexone; Pituitary Gland, Anterior; Prolactin; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Thyrotropin | 1980 |
Opiate receptors, endorphins and drug therapy.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Clomipramine; Cyproheptadine; Drug Interactions; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Mice; Morphine; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Reserpine; Serotonin | 1980 |
Cluster formation of opiate (enkephalin) receptors in neuroblastoma cells: differences between agonists and antagonists and possible relationships to biological functions.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Enkephalins; Enzyme Activation; Membrane Fluidity; Morphine; Naloxone; Neoplasms, Experimental; Neuroblastoma; Prostaglandins E; Receptors, Opioid; Sulfhydryl Reagents | 1980 |
Depressant and excitant effects of intraspinal microinjections of morphine and methionine-enkephalin in the cat.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Female; Ganglia, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Motor Neurons; Naltrexone; Nerve Fibers; Nociceptors; Reflex; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1980 |
Lack of cross-tolerance between morphine and Leu-enkephalin in the mouse vas deferens.
Topics: Animals; Drug Tolerance; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Neuromuscular Junction; Receptors, Opioid; Vas Deferens | 1980 |
Enkephalin-induced inhibition of hypothalmaic paraventricular neurons.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Hypothalamus; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Neural Inhibition; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1980 |
Comparative study of analgesia induced by N VAL5- and Pro5-enkephalin analogs.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Proline; Receptors, Opioid; Structure-Activity Relationship; Time Factors; Valine | 1980 |
Central inhibition of basal pancreatic and gastric secretions by beta-endorphin in rats.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Gastric Juice; Gastrointestinal Motility; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pancreatic Juice; Rats | 1980 |
Multiple opiate receptors: [3H]ethylketocyclazocine receptor binding and ketocyclazocine analgesia.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Cyclazocine; Dihydromorphine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1980 |
Portentiation of the analgesia induced in rats by morphine or [D-Ala2]-met-enkephalinamide after inhibition of brain type B monoamine oxidase: the role of phenylethylamine.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Drug Synergism; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Monoamine Oxidase; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Morphine; Phenethylamines; Rats; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid | 1980 |
Possible role of distinct morphine and enkephalin receptors in mediating actins of benzomorphan drugs (putative kappa and sigma agonists).
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Brain; Cyclazocine; Diprenorphine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guanosine Triphosphate; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Neuroblastoma; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Sodium; Synaptic Membranes | 1980 |
Morphine and opioid peptides reduce paraventricular neuronal activity: studies on the rat hypothalamic slice preparation.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Depression, Chemical; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Rats | 1980 |
Pharmacological differentiation of presynaptic inhibitory alpha-adrenoceptors and opiate receptors in the cat nictitating membrane.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Morphine; Nictitating Membrane; Peptides; Phenoxybenzamine; Phentolamine; Receptors, Adrenergic; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Receptors, Opioid; Synapses | 1980 |
Influence of opiates on ion transport across rabbit ileal mucosa.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrolytes; Enkephalins; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid | 1981 |
mu- and delta-opiate receptors: correlation with high and low affinity opiate binding sites.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1980 |
Effects of enkephalin, morphine, and naloxone on the electrical activity of the in vitro hippocampal slice preparation.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Culture Techniques; Dendrites; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Neural Inhibition; Pyramidal Tracts; Rats; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1981 |
Opioids, noradrenaline and GTP analogs inhibit cholera toxin activated adenylate cyclase in neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Cell Line; Cholera Toxin; Clone Cells; Diphosphonates; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Glioma; Guanosine Monophosphate; Guanosine Triphosphate; Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate; Hybrid Cells; Kinetics; Mice; Morphine; Neuroblastoma; Norepinephrine; Rats | 1981 |
Interactions between morphine and the opioid-like peptides in the rat vas deferens.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Vas Deferens | 1980 |
Opiate and peptide interaction: effect of enkephalins on morphine analgesia.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid | 1980 |
Altered levels of beta-endorphin fragments after chronic morphine treatment of guinea-pig ileum in vitro and in vivo.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Peptide Fragments; Radioimmunoassay | 1980 |
Stress-induced release of brain and pituitary beta-endorphin: major role of endorphins in generation of hyperthermia, not analgesia.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Body Temperature Regulation; Electroshock; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Hypothalamus; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Nociceptors; Pituitary Gland; Rats; Stress, Physiological | 1981 |
Mature spinal ganglion cells are not sensitive to opiate receptor mediated actions.
Topics: Action Potentials; Aminopyridines; Animals; Barium; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Spinal; Iontophoresis; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1981 |
[Morphine-like activity of the enkephalin analog Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-NH2].
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Morphine; Motor Cortex; Peptides; Rabbits; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Somatosensory Cortex; Synaptic Transmission; Vas Deferens | 1981 |
Potentiation of the morphine-induced respiratory rate depression by captopril.
Topics: Aminopeptidases; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Captopril; Drug Synergism; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Mice; Morphine; Proline; Respiration | 1981 |
Central effects of morphine, levorphanol, (-)-methadone and the opioid-like peptides beta-endorphin and D-alanine2- methionine enkephalinamide on urine volume outflow and electrolytes.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Brain; Diuresis; Electrolytes; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Levorphanol; Male; Methadone; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Vasopressins | 1981 |
Interactions of leucine enkephalin and narcotics with opioid receptors.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Receptors, Opioid; Substance-Related Disorders | 1981 |
The distribution of multiple opiate receptors in bovine brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cattle; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid | 1981 |
Comparative study on the effect of morphine and the opioid-like peptides in the vas deferens of rodents: species and strain differences, evidence for multiple opiate receptors.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Peptides; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Species Specificity; Vas Deferens | 1981 |
Opiate receptors in the rabbit iris.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Iris; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pupil; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid | 1980 |
An iontophoretic survey of opioid peptide actions in the rat limbic system: in search of opiate epileptogenic mechanisms.
Topics: Action Potentials; Amygdala; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Gyrus Cinguli; Hippocampus; Iontophoresis; Limbic System; Male; Morphine; Neurons; Pressure; Rats; Seizures; Septal Nuclei | 1980 |
Opioid inhibition of dopamine release from nervous tissue of Mytilus edulis and Octopus bimaculatus.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Ganglia; Mollusca; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Octopodiformes; Receptors, Opioid; Snails; Synaptic Transmission | 1981 |
[Binding of a tritiated enkephalinergic analog (FK 33-824) to a mitochondrial fraction of rat brain].
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Brain; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Levallorphan; Mitochondria; Morphine; Papio; Rats | 1981 |
Enkephalin receptors in the emetic chemoreceptor trigger zone of the dog.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Chemoreceptor Cells; Dogs; Emetics; Enkephalins; Female; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid | 1981 |
Seasonal variation in the apparent number of binding sites for 3H-opioid agonists and antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Dihydromorphine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Kinetics; Male; Mice; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid; Seasons | 1981 |
Naloxazone irreversibly inhibits the high affinity binding of [125I]D-ala2-D-leu5-enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Membranes; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1981 |
Opiate effects on rabbit vagus nerve: electrophysiology and radioligand binding.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Kinetics; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Nodose Ganglion; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid; Structure-Activity Relationship; Vagus Nerve | 1981 |
Cyclic AMP, morphine, met-enkephalin and neuronal firing.
Topics: 4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone; Action Potentials; Animals; Cyclic AMP; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Mesencephalon; Morphine; Neurons; Pain; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1981 |
Neurons in the frontal cortex of the rat carry multiple opiate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Frontal Lobe; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Neural Inhibition; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1981 |
Heterogeneity and properties of opiate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Brain; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Morphine; Organ Specificity; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1981 |
Opiates and enkephalins: a common binding site mediates their analgesic actions in rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Time Factors | 1981 |
Interconverting mu and delta forms of the opiate receptor in rat striatal patches.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Cations, Divalent; Corpus Striatum; Dithiothreitol; Enkephalins; Guanosine Triphosphate; Male; Membrane Fluidity; Morphine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Temperature | 1981 |
Morphine and opioid peptides reduce inhibitory synaptic potentials in hippocampal pyramidal cells in vitro without alteration of membrane potential.
Topics: Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; Male; Membrane Potentials; Morphine; Naloxone; Neural Inhibition; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1981 |
Differing distributions of receptors for morphine and Met5-enkephalinamide in the dorsal horn of the cat.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Morphine; Neurons; Nociceptors; Receptors, Opioid; Substantia Gelatinosa | 1981 |
Beta-endorphin. Vasodilating effect on the microcirculatory system of hamster cheek pouch.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cheek; Cricetinae; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Microcirculation; Morphine; Vasodilation | 1981 |
Classification of multiple morphine and enkephalin binding sites in the central nervous system.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Cell Membrane; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1981 |
[Pharmacological data on the existence of opiate receptors in the myocardium of warm-blooded animals].
Topics: Animals; Catecholamines; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Morphine; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardium; Papillary Muscles; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid | 1981 |
A quantitative analysis of the shaking behavior induced in rats by beta-endorphin and [D-Ala2, Met5]enkephalinamide.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; beta-Endorphin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1982 |
Further characterization of opioid receptors in the striatum mediating muscular rigidity in rats.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Caseins; Caudate Nucleus; Electromyography; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Haloperidol; Male; Morphine; Muscle Rigidity; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1981 |
Morphine-induced hyperthermia: lack of cross-tolerance with enkephalin analogs.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature Regulation; Cats; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Morphine; Naloxone; Pentazocine; Receptors, Opioid | 1982 |
Delta opiate receptors are involved in the endopioid-induced myoclonic contractions.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzomorphans; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Myoclonus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1982 |
Calcium-opiate antagonism in the periaqueductal grey (PGA) region.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Calcium; Cerebral Aqueduct; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Nociceptors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1981 |
Evidence that inhibition of nicotine-mediated catecholamine secretion from adrenal chromaffin cells by enkephalin, beta-endorphin, dynorphin (1-13), and opiates is not mediated via specific opiate receptors.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cattle; Chromaffin Granules; Chromaffin System; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Morphine; Narcotics; Nicotine; Norepinephrine; Peptide Fragments; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1982 |
Possible regulatory role of dynorphin-(1-13) on narcotic-induced changes in naloxone efficacy.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Drug Tolerance; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Peptide Fragments; Receptors, Opioid | 1981 |
Characterization of opiate-mediated responses of the feline ileum and ileocecal sphincter.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Ileocecal Valve; Ileum; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Narcotic Antagonists; Receptors, Opioid; Vagus Nerve | 1982 |
Modulation of peripheral adrenergic neurotransmission by methionine-enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Norepinephrine; Peripheral Nerves; Receptors, Opioid; Spleen; Sympathetic Nervous System; Synaptic Transmission | 1982 |
Distribution of radioactivity in the spinal cord after intracerebroventricular and intravenous injection of radiolabeled opioid peptides in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Brain; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Muscles; Spinal Cord | 1982 |
Hyperactivity versus explosive motor behavior induced by opioids in the rat. Mechanisms elucidated with enkephalin-tyrosine-o-sulfate and morphine congeners.
Topics: Animals; Electroencephalography; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Humans; Hyperkinesis; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1982 |
Physiological correlates of multiple subtypes of enteric opiate receptor; functional analysis of myenteric delta receptors.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Myenteric Plexus; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1982 |
The primate locus coeruleus and effects of clonidine on opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalins; Fear; Humans; Locus Coeruleus; Macaca; Morphine; Naloxone; Norepinephrine; Opioid-Related Disorders; Receptors, Opioid; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1982 |
A multiplicity of opiate receptors and enkephalin neuronal systems.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Brain Mapping; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Dihydromorphine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Humans; Morphine; Naloxone; Nociceptors; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1982 |
Mu and delta receptors: their role in analgesia in the differential effects of opioid peptides on analgesia.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; beta-Endorphin; Brain; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Male; Mice; Models, Biological; Morphine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1982 |
The effect of naloxone, morphine, and an enkephalin analogue on cholecystokinin octapeptide-stimulated gallbladder emptying.
Topics: Adult; Cholecystokinin; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Gallbladder; Humans; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Naloxone; Peptide Fragments; Sincalide; Stimulation, Chemical; Ultrasonics | 1982 |
Opioids increase laryngeal resistance and motoneuron activity in the recurrent laryngeal nerve.
Topics: Animals; Biguanides; Chemoreceptor Cells; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Laryngeal Nerves; Larynx; Male; Morphine; Motor Neurons; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve; Reflex | 1982 |
Modulation of dopamine release in rat striatal slices by delta opiate agonists.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Tetrodotoxin | 1982 |
Nerve growth factor induces specific enkephalin binding sites in a nerve cell line.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cell Line; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Morphine; Naloxone; Nerve Growth Factors; Pheochromocytoma; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1982 |
The opiate receptor-binding interactions of opiate alkaloids and of an opioid peptide in rat brain membranes. Selection by manganese ions and by cholic acid (sodium salt) and minimalization of cross-reaction in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Cholic Acid; Cholic Acids; Dihydromorphine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Manganese; Membranes; Morphine; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1982 |
Differential effect of humoral endorphin on the binding of opiate agonists and antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Cyclazocine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Sodium | 1982 |
Enkephalin and beta-endorphin as mediators of electro-acupuncture analgesia in rabbits: an antiserum microinjection study.
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Analgesia; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Immune Sera; Injections, Spinal; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Rabbits | 1982 |
The effects of leucine-enkephalin on the spontaneous motility of the circular muscle of the cat colon.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Phentolamine; Receptors, Opioid; Tetrodotoxin | 1982 |
Effect of morphine, ACTH, epinephrine, Met-, Leu- and des-Tyr-Met-enkephalin on beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity of rat brain.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Brain Chemistry; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Epinephrine; Female; Morphine; Rats | 1982 |
Relative involvement of receptor subtypes in opioid-induced inhibition of gastrointestinal transit in mice.
Topics: Animals; Charcoal; Cyclazocine; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid | 1983 |
[Role of enkephalin-reactive system of the caudate nucleus in acquisition of alimentary conditioned reflex in dogs].
Topics: Animals; Caudate Nucleus; Conditioning, Classical; Dogs; Enkephalin, Leucine; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Male; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid | 1982 |
Correlation of hydrophobic character of opioid peptides with their biological activity measured in various bioassay systems.
Topics: Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry, Physical; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Solubility; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1982 |
Down regulation of enkephalin (delta) receptors. Demonstration in membrane-bound and solubilized receptors.
Topics: Alkaloids; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Glioma; Hybrid Cells; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Neuroblastoma; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Solubility | 1982 |
Analgesia induced by electroconvulsive shock: brain enkephalins may mediate tolerance but not the induction of analgesia.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Drug Tolerance; Electroshock; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Muridae; Naltrexone; Nociceptors; Receptors, Opioid; Sensory Thresholds; Synaptic Transmission | 1983 |
D-phenylalanine and other enkephalinase inhibitors as pharmacological agents: implications for some important therapeutic application.
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Humans; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Neprilysin; Nociceptors; Pain; Phenylalanine; Protease Inhibitors; Receptors, Opioid | 1982 |
Seizures induced by carbachol, morphine, and leucine-enkephalin: a comparison.
Topics: Animals; Carbachol; Enkephalin, Leucine; Male; Morphine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Seizures | 1983 |
The actions of [Leu5]enkephalin and morphine in cat sympathetic ganglion.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Enkephalin, Leucine; Female; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Synaptic Transmission | 1983 |
Interaction of naloxone with mu- and delta-opioid agonists on the respiration of rats.
Topics: Animals; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Depression, Chemical; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Oligopeptides; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Respiration; Time Factors | 1983 |
Interaction of naloxone with the opioid receptor complex in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Enkephalin, Leucine; Kinetics; Male; Mathematics; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1982 |
Pharmacological characterization of the opioid receptor in the submucous plexus of the guinea-pig oesophagus.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Esophagus; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Mucous Membrane; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid | 1983 |
Peptide and non-peptide opioid-induced hyperthermia in rabbits.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Body Temperature; Cyclazocine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Peptides; Phenazocine; Rats | 1983 |
Partial cross tolerance to D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin after chronic spinal morphine infusion.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Hot Temperature; Kinetics; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1983 |
Functional opiate receptor in mouse vas deferens: evidence for a complex interaction.
Topics: Animals; Arylsulfatases; beta-Endorphin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Etorphine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Sulfatases; Vas Deferens | 1983 |
The spinal cord as a site of opioid effects on gastrointestinal transit in the mouse.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord; Stimulation, Chemical | 1983 |
[Effect of brain membrane lyophilization on the properties of opiate receptors].
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Free Radicals; Freeze Drying; Ligands; Male; Meninges; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1983 |
Opiate binding sites in bovine adrenal medulla.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Cattle; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Ligands; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1983 |
Multi-dimensional analyses of behavior in mice treated with morphine, endorphins and [des-tyrosine1]-gamma-endorphin.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; beta-Endorphin; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Peptide Fragments | 1983 |
Biochemical and pharmacological evidence for opioid receptor multiplicity in the central nervous system.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Brain; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Meptazinol; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Respiration | 1983 |
Unmasking myenteric delta receptors.
Topics: Animals; Biological Assay; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ileum; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Myenteric Plexus; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1983 |
Opiate receptors in the rat vas deferens.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Male; Mice; Morphine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Vas Deferens | 1983 |
Down-regulation of delta but not mu opioid receptors in the hippocampal slice associated with loss of physiological response.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Morphine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1983 |
The regulation of delta-opiate receptor density on 108CC15 neuroblastoma X glioma hybrid cells.
Topics: Animals; Bucladesine; Cell Differentiation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Glioma; Hybrid Cells; Mice; Morphine; Neuroblastoma; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1984 |
Biochemical characterization of high-affinity 3H-opioid binding. Further evidence for Mu1 sites.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cell Membrane; Dihydromorphine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylmaleimide; Kinetics; Male; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tritium; Trypsin | 1984 |
Role of enkephalins in regulation of basal intestinal water and ion absorption in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Colon; Diprenorphine; Enkephalins; Intestine, Small; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Water-Electrolyte Balance | 1984 |
Differences in hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical activity in the rat after acute and prolonged treatment with morphine.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Corticosterone; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Culture Techniques; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stress, Physiological | 1984 |
Differential role of the opioid mu and delta receptors in the activation of prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) secretion by morphine in the male rat.
Topics: Animals; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Leucine; Growth Hormone; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Prolactin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1984 |
Opioid antagonism of electroshock-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Electroshock; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Seizures; Time Factors | 1984 |
Effects of morphine and D-Ala, D-Leu enkephalin on the electrical activity of supraoptic neurosecretory cells in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Neurons; Neurosecretory Systems; Rats; Supraoptic Nucleus | 1983 |
Plasma catecholamine and cardiovascular responses to morphine and D-ala2-d-leu5-enkephalin in conscious rats.
Topics: Adrenalectomy; Animals; Blood Pressure; Catecholamines; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Heart Rate; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Respiration | 1983 |
Properties of murine anti-morphine antibodies.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Chromatography, Affinity; Cross Reactions; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Female; Immunoglobulin G; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists | 1983 |
Participation of pontine structures in the respiratory action of opioids.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Cats; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Heart Rate; Hormones; Morphine; Pons; Respiration; Vagotomy | 1983 |
Comparison of the filtration and centrifugation methods for assaying [3H](D-ala2, D-leu5)enkephalin binding to mouse brain membranes.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cell Membrane; Centrifugation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Filtration; Male; Mice; Morphine; Time Factors | 1983 |
Analgesia induced by intrathecal injection of dynorphin B in the rat.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Cyclazocine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; Injections, Spinal; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats | 1984 |
Effect of intrahypothalamic injection of [D-Ala2,D-Leu5]enkephalin on feeding and temperature in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Feeding Behavior; Hypothalamus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Phentolamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1983 |
A comparative study in rats of the respiratory depression and analgesia induced by mu- and delta-opioid agonists.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Respiration | 1984 |
Bremazocine induces antinociception, but prevents opioid-induced constipation and catatonia in rats and precipitates withdrawal in morphine-dependent rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzomorphans; Catatonia; Constipation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Etorphine; Gastrointestinal Motility; Humans; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1984 |
Drinking behavior is modulated by CNS administration of opioids in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Drinking Behavior; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Injections; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1984 |
Adrenergic mediation of the intestinal antisecretory action of opiates administered into the central nervous system.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain; Cholera Toxin; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Intraventricular; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sympathetic Nervous System; Tyramine | 1984 |
[Effect of ethanol on the enkephalinergic opioid system of the rat brain].
Topics: Animals; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Endopeptidases; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Male; Morphine; Neprilysin; Protein Binding; Rats | 1984 |
Opiate inhibition of K+-induced TRH release from superfused mediobasal hypothalami in rats.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 1983 |
Opioid peptides and self-stimulation of the medial prefrontal cortex in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Frontal Lobe; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Self Stimulation | 1984 |
[Levels of prolactin and growth hormone after administration enkephalin analogs in rats].
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; Growth Hormone; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Prolactin; Rats | 1984 |
Analgesic effect of histamine induced by intracerebral injection into mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzoquinones; Cimetidine; Diphenhydramine; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Histamine; Histamine Antagonists; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Naloxone; Promethazine; Pyrilamine; Quinones; Reaction Time | 1984 |
Antagonism of enkephalin action on acetylcholine release by methylxanthines: lack of a purine link.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenosine; Animals; Caffeine; Cerebral Cortex; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Rats; Theophylline; Xanthines | 1983 |
Effect of opiates on human colonic adenylate cyclase activity.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Calcium; Colon; Dinoprostone; Enkephalins; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Narcotics; Prostaglandins E; Sodium Fluoride; Vasopressins | 1983 |
The inhibitory effect of opioid peptides and morphine applied intrathecally and intracerebroventricularly on the micturition reflex in the cat.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Reflex; Thiorphan; Tiopronin; Urination | 1984 |
The effect of opioid drugs on the release of dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine from rat striatum following activation of nicotinic-cholinergic receptors.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Nicotinic; Serotonin | 1983 |
Effect of morphine and leucine-enkephalin on the electrophysiological responses of Pacinian corpuscles of the cat.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Leucine; Mechanoreceptors; Morphine; Naloxone; Pacinian Corpuscles | 1983 |
The stinging response of the honeybee: effects of morphine, naloxone and some opioid peptides.
Topics: Animals; Bees; Behavior, Animal; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Insect Bites and Stings; Morphine; Naloxone | 1983 |
[Effect of opiates on the rat vas deferens].
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Vas Deferens | 1983 |
Physical dependence-producing properties of tetrapeptide acylhydrazide analogs of enkephalin in rats.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Enkephalins; Humans; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pentazocine; Rats; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1983 |
Catatonic or hypotonic immobility induced in mice by intracerebroventricular injection of mu or kappa opioid receptor agonists as well as enkephalins or inhibitors of their degradation.
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Catatonia; Cyclazocine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Fentanyl; Humans; Immobilization; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics | 1983 |
Simultaneous measurement of cholecystokinin- and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-like immunoreactivity from cat frontal cortex in vitro: effect of morphine and D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Cholecystokinin; Dextrorphan; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Frontal Lobe; Levorphanol; Morphine; Naloxone; Potassium; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1984 |
Leu-enkephalin provokes naloxone-insensitive pulmonary vasoconstriction.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Lung; Male; Methysergide; Morphine; Naloxone; Pyrilamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Vasoconstriction | 1984 |
Sensitivity to morphine-evoked bradycardia in rats is modified by dynorphin (1-13), Leu- and Met-enkephalin.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Heart Rate; Male; Morphine; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1984 |
Pharmacological characterization of opioid effects in the rat hippocampal slice.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Pyramidal Tracts; Rats; Synapses | 1982 |
Tolerance and cross tolerance to morphine after chronic spinal D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin infusion.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Infusions, Parenteral; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spinal Cord | 1982 |
Analgesia, new research approaches.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Endopeptidases; Enkephalins; Humans; Hydrolysis; Morphine; Neprilysin; Research | 1982 |
Effects of morphine and naloxone on phasic release of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone.
Topics: Animals; Castration; Enkephalins; Estradiol; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Gonadotropins; Hypothalamus, Anterior; Luteinizing Hormone; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Ovulation; Pituitary Gland; Preoptic Area; Progesterone; Rats | 1980 |
Biphasic effects of a potent enkephalin analogue (D-Met2,Pro5)-enkephalinamide and morphine on locomotor activity in mice.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Motor Activity; Time Factors | 1980 |
Inhibitory actions of methionine-enkephalin and morphine on the cat carotid chemoreceptors.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Carbon Dioxide; Carotid Sinus; Cats; Chemoreceptor Cells; Cyanides; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Naloxone | 1980 |
Y-maze behavior in the mouse after morphine or an enkephalin analog.
Topics: Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone | 1981 |
Increased food and water intake produced in rats by opiate receptor agonists.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Drinking; Drug Interactions; Eating; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats | 1981 |
Behavioral interactions between opiate and antiepileptic drugs in the mouse.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Drug Interactions; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotics; Taurine; Time Factors; Trimethadione; Valproic Acid | 1981 |
Analysis of the 2-deoxy-D-glucose-induced vagal stimulation of gastric secretion and gastrin release in dogs using methionine-enkephalin, morphine and naloxone.
Topics: Animals; Bethanechol Compounds; Deoxy Sugars; Deoxyglucose; Dogs; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Gastric Acid; Gastrins; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pepsin A; Stimulation, Chemical; Vagus Nerve | 1982 |
Intracerebral opiates block the epileptic effect of intracerebroventricular (ICV) leucine-enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Leucine; Injections, Intraventricular; Levorphanol; Male; Morphine; Nucleus Accumbens; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures | 1983 |
Enkephalins modulate [3H]dopamine release from rabbit retina in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Dopamine; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Naloxone; Rabbits; Retina | 1983 |
Synthesis and evaluation of 1- and 2-substituted fentanyl analogues for opioid activity.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Fentanyl; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Vas Deferens | 1983 |
[Selective reduction by morphine and enkephalins of depolarization induced by application of dopamine to Helix pomatia neurons].
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Dopamine Antagonists; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Ganglia; Helix, Snails; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons | 1983 |
Effects of opiate agonists and antagonists on fluid intake and saccharin choice in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Choice Behavior; Drinking Behavior; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Rats; Saccharin | 1983 |
Tolerance to morphine bradycardia in the rat.
Topics: Animals; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Heart Rate; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1983 |
Prolonged intermittent footshock stress decreases Met and Leu enkephalin levels in brain with concomitant decreases in pain threshold.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Brain; Electroshock; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Foot; Latency Period, Psychological; Male; Morphine; Pain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stress, Physiological | 1983 |
Effects of denervation on the sensitizing effect to noradrenaline induced by morphine in the vas deferens of mice treated chronically with morphine.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Denervation; Muscle, Smooth; Norepinephrine; Vas Deferens | 1982 |
Behavioral and electrographic effects of opioids on kindled seizures in rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Vas Deferens | 1982 |
The potentiation of spinal analgesia by leucine enkephalin.
Topics: Anesthesia, Spinal; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Rats; Reaction Time | 1980 |
Pain. The last piece in the puzzle.
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Enkephalins; Humans; Morphine; Neural Conduction; Pain; Pain Management | 1981 |
Brain endorphins: possible role in long-term memory.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Memory; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Retention, Psychology | 1982 |
Morphine- and endorphin-induced behavioral activation in the mouse: implications for mania and some recent pharmacogenetic studies.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Bipolar Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Genetics, Behavioral; Humans; Mice; Morphine; Peromyscus; Running; Seizures | 1982 |
Evidence for vagal enkephalinergic neural control of the feline pylorus and stomach.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Gastrointestinal Motility; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pyloric Antrum; Pylorus; Stomach; Vagus Nerve | 1980 |
Disparate effects of enkephalin and morphine upon insulin and glucagon secretion by islet cell cultures.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cells, Cultured; Depression, Chemical; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Glucagon; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Islets of Langerhans; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats | 1980 |
Effect of enkephalins and morphine on insulin secretion from isolated rat islets.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Islets of Langerhans; Morphine; Perfusion; Rats | 1980 |
Effects of intraventricular morphine and enkephalins on locomotor activity in nondependent, morphine-dependent and postdependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Humans; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Rats; Time Factors | 1981 |
Effects of thiorphan on the antinociceptive actions of intrathecal [D-Ala2,Met5] enkephalin.
Topics: Amino Acids, Sulfur; Analgesics; Animals; Captopril; Drug Interactions; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Injections, Spinal; Macaca; Morphine; Neprilysin; Protease Inhibitors; Rats; Species Specificity; Thiorphan; Tiopronin | 1982 |
Depression of learned thermoregulatory behavior by central injection of opioids in cats.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Body Temperature Regulation; Cats; Conditioning, Operant; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Motor Activity; Pentazocine | 1982 |
Opiate alkaloids antagonize postsynaptic glycine and GABA responses: correlation with convulsant action.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Dextrorphan; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Levorphanol; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Seizures; Spinal Cord; Synapses | 1982 |
Evaluation of the analgesic activity of morphine, enkephalins and their synthetic analogues.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Rabbits | 1982 |
Epidural met-enkephalin (FK 33-824). A dose-effect study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Morphine; Pain, Postoperative; Time Factors | 1982 |
Effects of enkephalins versus opiates on locomotor activity of the horse.
Topics: Animals; Blinking; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Fentanyl; Horses; Morphine; Motor Activity; Respiration | 1982 |
Adrenal medullary enkephalin-like peptides may mediate opioid stress analgesia.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Analgesia; Animals; Electroshock; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Rats; Reserpine; Sodium Chloride; Stress, Physiological; Time Factors | 1982 |
Studies on the accessibility of prolactin and growth hormone to brain: effect of opiate agonists on hormone levels in serial, simultaneous plasma and cerebrospinal fluid samples in the rhesus monkey.
Topics: Animals; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Enkephalins; Female; Growth Hormone; Kinetics; Macaca mulatta; Morphine; Prolactin | 1982 |
Amino acids and peptides. II. Modification of glycylglycine bond in methionine enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Dipeptides; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Glycylglycine; Indicators and Reagents; Mice; Morphine; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1982 |
The effect of naloxone on opioid-induced inhibition and facilitation of acetylcholine release in brain slices.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Brain; Calcium; Caudate Nucleus; Cerebral Cortex; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Thalamus | 1982 |
Opiate activation of potassium conductance in myenteric neurons: inhibition by calcium ion.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cell Membrane Permeability; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Morphine; Myenteric Plexus; Potassium | 1982 |
Lack of effect of morphine and noxious stimuli on the MET-enkephalin content in the spinal dorsal horn and nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Formaldehyde; Hot Temperature; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spinal Cord | 1982 |
Morphine allosterically modulates the binding of [3H]leucine enkephalin to a particulate fraction of rat brain.
Topics: Allosteric Site; Animals; Brain; Buffers; Diprenorphine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Models, Biological; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Subcellular Fractions; Time Factors | 1982 |
Opiate vs non-opiate footshock induced analgesia (FSIA): descending and intraspinal components.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Central Nervous System; Electroshock; Enkephalins; Forelimb; Hindlimb; Male; Morphine; Pain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spinal Cord | 1982 |
Calcium ions reduce enkephalin hyperpolarization of myenteric neurones.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Myenteric Plexus; Neural Conduction; Neurons; Potassium | 1982 |
Effects of enkephalins and morphine on spontaneous electrical activity and on junction potentials elicited by parasympathetic nerve stimulation in cat and rabbit colon.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cats; Colon; Electric Stimulation; Electromyography; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Neuromuscular Junction; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rabbits | 1982 |
[Effect of opioid peptides, morphine and electroacupuncture on the neuronal activity of the sensorimotor cortex and brain stem reticular formation].
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Animals; Cats; Electronarcosis; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Morphine; Neurons; Rabbits; Reticular Formation; Somatosensory Cortex | 1982 |
[Modulation of the functioning of muscarinic and nicotinic cholinoreceptors of dialyzed snail neurons by opiate peptides and morphine].
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Helix, Snails; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Neurons; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic | 1982 |
Comparative effects of synthetic enkephalinamides and morphine on abstinence responses in morphine-dependent mice.
Topics: Amides; Animals; Body Temperature; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Humans; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Stereotyped Behavior; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1980 |
Methionine-enkephalin antagonism and endorphin potentiation of narcotic-induced analgesia.
Topics: Animals; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Reaction Time | 1980 |
Pharmacological characterization of opiate physical dependence in the isolated ileum of the guinea-pig.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Levorphanol; Male; Morphine; Nalorphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Pentazocine; Substance-Related Disorders; Time Factors | 1981 |
Effects of intraventricular morphine and enkephalins on schedule-controlled behavior in nondependent, morphine-dependent and postdependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Humans; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1981 |
Contralateral circling behaviour induced by intranigral injection of morphine and enkephalin analogue FK 33-824 in rats.
Topics: Animals; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Humans; Injections; Morphine; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stereotyped Behavior; Substantia Nigra | 1980 |
Analgesic effects of intraventricular morphine and enkephalins in nondependent and morphine-dependent rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Humans; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors | 1982 |
Differential effects of systemic versus intracranial injection of opiates on central, orofacial and lower body nociception: somatotypy in bulbar analgesia systems.
Topics: Animals; Brain Mapping; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Escape Reaction; Male; Mesencephalon; Morphine; Pain; Rats; Reticular Formation | 1980 |
Antagonism of stress-induced analgesia by D-phenylalanine, an anti-enkephalinase.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Phenylalanine; Physical Exertion; Rats | 1980 |
Synthesis and biological activity of chloromethyl ketones of leucine enkephalin.
Topics: Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones; Animals; Biological Assay; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Morphine; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1980 |
Difference in the development of tolerance to morphine and D-ALA2-methionine-enkephalin in C57 BL/6J and DBA/2J mice.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred DBA; Morphine | 1981 |
To the problem of biologically active conformation of enkephalin.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Burns; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Male; Models, Molecular; Morphine; Protein Conformation; Rats; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1981 |
Morphine and delta-opiate agonists locally stimulate in vivo dopamine release in cat caudate nucleus.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Caudate Nucleus; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Morphine; Naloxone | 1981 |
Pupillary effects of leucine and methionine enkephalin in rats after intraperitoneal administration.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pupil; Rats; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1980 |
Evidence for an action of morphine and the enkephalins on sensory nerve endings in the mouse peritoneum.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Atropine; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Nerve Endings; Neurons, Afferent; Papaverine; Peritoneum | 1981 |
Isolation and identification of an analgesic opioid dipeptide kyotorphin (Tyr-Arg) from bovine brain.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Cattle; Cisterna Magna; Dipeptides; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Injections; Male; Mice; Morphine | 1981 |
The effects of morphine and methionine-enkephalin on the release of purines from cerebral cortex slices of rats and mice.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Ouabain; Purine Nucleosides; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1981 |
Methionine-enkephalin and morphine: amount ejected microiontophoretically.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Iontophoresis; Kinetics; Microinjections; Morphine; Neurons; Tritium | 1981 |
Intracellular correlates of morphine excitation in the hippocampal slice preparation.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Levorphanol; Male; Morphine; Pyramidal Tracts; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses | 1981 |
Enkephalin-induced inhibition of the isolated rat ileum is not blocked by naloxone.
Topics: Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1981 |
Factors governing release of methionine enkephalin-like immunoreactivity from mesencephalon and spinal cord of the cat in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Bradykinin; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Mesencephalon; Morphine; Nerve Block; Rest; Sciatic Nerve; Spinal Cord; Trigeminal Nerve | 1981 |
Absence of seizure activity following focal cerebral injection of enkephalins in a primate.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Electroencephalography; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Light; Morphine; Narcotics; Papio; Seizures; Thalamus | 1981 |
Effects of sulfonated Leu-enkephalin applied iontophoretically to cat respiratory neurones.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Glutamates; Iontophoresis; Morphine; Neurons; Phrenic Nerve; Respiration | 1981 |
Hemodynamic and metabolic changes during stimulation of ileal motility.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Angiotensin II; Animals; Dogs; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Ileum; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Microspheres; Morphine; Prostaglandins D; Prostaglandins F; Splanchnic Circulation | 1981 |
Strain dependent effects of the enkephalin analogue FK 33-824 on locomotor activity in mice.
Topics: Animals; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred DBA; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Species Specificity | 1981 |
[Inhibitory effect of methionine enkephalin and morphine on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion in dogs].
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Gastric Mucosa; Morphine; Naloxone; Pentagastrin | 1981 |
A new technique for the in vivo bioassay of opiates and other drugs on mouse spinal cord.
Topics: Animals; Biological Assay; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naloxone; Spinal Cord | 1981 |
Endogenous morphines and pain.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Morphine; Naloxone; Pain; Rats | 1981 |
Inhibition of sialoglycosphingolipid (ganglioside) biosynthesis in mouse clonal lines N4TG1 and NG108-15 by beta-endorphin, enkephalins, and opiates.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Galactosamine; Galactose; Gangliosides; Glioma; Glucosamine; Glycosphingolipids; Hybrid Cells; Kinetics; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Neuroblastoma | 1980 |
Morphine and enkephalin effects on hypothalamic glucoresponsive neurons.
Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Eating; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Glucose; Hypothalamus; Male; Morphine; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Rats | 1980 |
Effect of morphine and naloxone on leu-enkephalin-like immunoreactivity in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Cross Reactions; Dogs; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Femoral Artery; Hepatic Veins; Jugular Veins; Morphine; Naloxone; Portal Vein; Radioimmunoassay | 1980 |
Morphine and methionine-enkephalin: different effects on spontaneous and evoked neuronal firing in the mesencephalic reticular formation of the rat.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Iontophoresis; Male; Mesencephalon; Morphine; Neurons; Pain; Rats; Reticular Formation | 1980 |
Effects of morphine and naloxone on the K+-stimulated release of methionine-enkephalin from slices of rat corpus striatum.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Feedback; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Potassium; Rats | 1980 |
Long-term interactions between endogenous and exogenous opiates.
Topics: Animals; Drug Interactions; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Narcotics; Time Factors | 1980 |
Influence of methionine-enkephalin and morphine on myoelectric activity of small bowel.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Duodenum; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Ileum; Intestine, Small; Jejunum; Membrane Potentials; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth | 1980 |
Self-administration of D-Ala2-Met-enkephalinamide at hypothalamic self-stimulation sites.
Topics: Animals; Dextrorphan; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hypothalamus; Levallorphan; Levorphanol; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Rats; Self Stimulation | 1980 |
The effect of (D-Ala2)-Met-enkephalin on the contraction of nictitating membrane in cats.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Cocaine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Naloxone; Nictitating Membrane; Norepinephrine; Sympathetic Nervous System | 1980 |
Enkephalin mydriasis in mice.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Mydriatics; Naloxone; Phenylalanine | 1980 |
Accumulation of amino acids, met-enkephalinamide and morphine in choroid plexus: effect of pretreatment with phosphatidylcholine vesicles.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Cholesterol; Choroid Plexus; Endorphins; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Liposomes; Membranes; Morphine; Phosphatidylcholines; Rats | 1980 |
Myogenic receptivity for Met-enkephalin in the rat duodenum: comparison with the guinea-pig duodenum.
Topics: Animals; Drug Interactions; Duodenum; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Rats; Species Specificity; Tetrodotoxin | 1980 |
Enkephalin analogs containing amino sulfonic acid and amino phosphonic acid residues at position 5.
Topics: Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Morphine; Organophosphonates; Rats; Structure-Activity Relationship; Sulfonic Acids | 1980 |
[Effect of neuropeptides on prolactin secretion by the adenohypophysis (author's transl)].
Topics: Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Peptides; Peptides, Cyclic; Piperazines; Pituitary Gland, Anterior; Prolactin; Rats; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1980 |
Reduced ability of naloxone to stimulate LH and testosterone release in aging male rats; possible relation to increase in hypothalamic met5-enkephalin.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Hypothalamus; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Testosterone | 1980 |
Hyper-endorphin syndrome in a child with necrotizing encephalomyelopathy.
Topics: Ataxia; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Brain Diseases; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Diagnosis, Differential; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Humans; Infant; Injections, Intravenous; Intellectual Disability; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Necrosis; Spinal Cord Diseases; Syndrome | 1980 |
EEG and behavioral effects of morphine, enkephalins and derivatives administered into the lateral cerebral ventricles of rats and rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cerebral Ventricles; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Nalorphine; Rabbits; Rats; Seizures | 1980 |
Naloxone-reversible effects of d-Ala2-Met5-enkephalinamide-induced behavioral activity in rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Rats | 1980 |
Action of enkephalin analogues and morphine on brain acetylcholine release: differential reversal by naloxone and an opiate pentapeptide.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Brain; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats | 1980 |
In vivo injection of antibodies directed against the cloned mu opioid receptor blocked supraspinal analgesia induced by mu-agonists in mice.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesia; Animals; Antibodies; Benzeneacetamides; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Immunization, Passive; Male; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naloxone; Peptide Fragments; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1995 |
Transgenic superoxide dismutase mice differ in opioid-induced analgesia.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Autoradiography; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Morphine; Nociceptors; Pyrrolidines; Superoxide Dismutase | 1995 |
Regulation of L-valine absorption by opioids interacting with mu-receptors in rabbit ileum.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Body Water; Chlorides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Absorption; Kinetics; Male; Membrane Potentials; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sodium; Time Factors; Valine | 1995 |
Effects of morphine on forskolin-stimulated pro-enkephalin mRNA levels in rat striatum: a model for acute and chronic opioid actions in brain.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Colforsin; Corpus Striatum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Male; Models, Molecular; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Time Factors | 1995 |
Implication of endogenous opioid system in the learned helplessness model of depression.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Avoidance Learning; Depression; Electroshock; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Helplessness, Learned; Hydroxamic Acids; Imipramine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Neprilysin; Phenylalanine; Protease Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1995 |
Opioids inhibit the induction of nitric oxide synthase in J774 macrophages.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Arginine; Cell Line; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Enzyme Induction; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Oligopeptides; omega-N-Methylarginine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid | 1995 |
Differential effects of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine injected intrathecally or intracerebroventricularly on antinociception induced by opioids administered intracerebroventricularly in the mouse.
Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; Analgesia; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Spinal Cord | 1995 |
Brain dynorphin and enkephalin systems in Fischer and Lewis rats: effects of morphine tolerance and withdrawal.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Body Weight; Brain Chemistry; Drug Tolerance; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Inbred Lew; Species Specificity; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1995 |
Opioid modulation of fetal glucose homeostasis: role of receptor subtypes.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Blood Glucose; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Fetus; Glucose; Homeostasis; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid Peptides; Pregnancy; Receptors, Opioid; Sheep | 1995 |
The effects of morphine treatment and morphine withdrawal on the dynorphin and enkephalin systems in Sprague-Dawley rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Peptides; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1995 |
Lack of relationship between opioid-induced changes in fetal breathing and plasma glucose levels.
Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Fetus; Gases; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Morphine; Respiration | 1995 |
Identification of the amino acid residues involved in selective agonist binding in the first extracellular loop of the delta- and mu-opioid receptors.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; Asparagine; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Lysine; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Structure, Secondary; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Recombinant Proteins | 1995 |
LiCl uncouples signal transduction in morphine-induced supraspinal antinociception in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Lithium Chloride; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Nociceptors; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Signal Transduction | 1995 |
VV-hemorphin-7 and LVV-hemorphin-7 released during in vitro peptic hemoglobin hydrolysis are morphinomimetic peptides.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cattle; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Hemoglobins; Hydrolysis; Ileum; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Pepsin A; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid; Sensitivity and Specificity | 1995 |
Effects of a highly selective nonpeptide delta opioid receptor agonist, TAN-67, on morphine-induced antinociception in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Naltrexone; Nociceptors; Oligopeptides; Quinolines; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1995 |
Modulation of free intracellular calcium levels [(Ca++)i] in brain and spinal cord of morphine-tolerant rats and mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Calcium; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Fura-2; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord; Subcellular Fractions; Synaptosomes | 1995 |
Opioidergic inhibition of capsaicin-evoked release of glutamate from rat spinal dorsal horn slices.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Capsaicin; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Nerve Endings; Neurons, Afferent; Opioid Peptides; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1995 |
Contrasting actions of intrathecal U50,488H, morphine, or [D-Pen2, D-Pen5] enkephalin or intravenous U50,488H on the visceromotor response to colorectal distension in the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Colon; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rectum | 1995 |
Visceral antinociceptive effects of spinal clonidine combined with morphine, [D-Pen2, D-Pen5] enkephalin, or U50,488H.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Clonidine; Colon; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rectum | 1995 |
mu- and delta-opioid receptor-mediated contractile effects on rat aortic vascular smooth muscle.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aorta; Benzomorphans; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Naltrexone; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1995 |
Modification of mu-opioid agonist-induced locomotor activity and development of morphine dependence by diabetes.
Topics: Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Streptozocin | 1995 |
Neuroblastoma Neuro2A cells stably expressing a cloned mu-opioid receptor: a specific cellular model to study acute and chronic effects of morphine.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cell Line; Colforsin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Down-Regulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Mice; Models, Biological; Morphine; Neuroblastoma; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Time Factors | 1995 |
Modulation of preproenkephalin mRNA levels in brain regions and spinal cord of rats treated chronically with morphine.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reference Values; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord | 1995 |
Mitogenic activation of human T lymphocytes induces a high affinity morphine binding site.
Topics: Analgesics; beta-Endorphin; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Humans; Interleukin-2; Ligands; Lymphocyte Activation; Mitogens; Morphine; Naloxone; Phytohemagglutinins; Receptors, Opioid; T-Lymphocytes | 1995 |
Spinal GABA receptors mediate brain delta opioid analgesia in Swiss Webster mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; GABA-B Receptor Antagonists; Heroin; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Spinal Cord | 1995 |
Differential inhibition of cholinergic and noncholinergic neurogenic contractions by mu opioid and alpha-2 adrenergic agonists in guinea pig ileum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Brimonidine Tartrate; Choline; Clonidine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Motor Neurons; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neuromuscular Junction; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to the CCKB receptor produces naltrindole- and [Leu5]enkephalin antiserum-sensitive enhancement of morphine antinociception.
Topics: Animals; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, Leucine; Immune Sera; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Receptors, Cholecystokinin | 1994 |
Presence in neuroblastoma cells of a mu 3 receptor with selectivity for opiate alkaloids but without affinity for opioid peptides.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; NAD; Neuroblastoma; Opioid Peptides; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1994 |
Cyclic analogues of Tyr-W-MIF-1 with prolonged analgesic activity and potency comparable to DAMGO and morphine.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; MSH Release-Inhibiting Hormone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain; Peptides, Cyclic; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 1994 |
Differential cross-tolerance between analgesia produced by alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists and receptor subtype selective opioid treatments.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics; Animals; Binding Sites; Clonidine; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nalorphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Xylazine | 1995 |
Behavioral and neurochemical effects of opioids in the paramedian midbrain tegmentum including the median raphe nucleus and ventral tegmental area.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Dopamine; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Feeding Behavior; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Neurotransmitter Agents; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin; Ventral Tegmental Area | 1995 |
Investigating the effects of opioid drugs on electrocortical activity using wavelet transform.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Electroencephalography; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Morphine; Pregnancy; Receptors, Opioid; Sheep; Time Factors | 1995 |
A selective CCKB receptor antagonist potentiates, mu-, but not delta-opioid receptor-mediated antinociception in the formalin test.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Disulfides; Enkephalins; Formaldehyde; Indoles; Male; Meglumine; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Pain Measurement; Phenylalanine; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1995 |
Ca2+ channel and adenylyl cyclase modulation by cloned mu-opioid receptors in GH3 cells.
Topics: Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Barium; Calcium Channels; Cell Line; Cloning, Molecular; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Ion Transport; Membrane Potentials; Morphine; Naloxone; Pertussis Toxin; Pituitary Gland; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Somatostatin; Transfection; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1995 |
Non-NMDA receptor antagonist attenuates antinociception induced by morphine but not beta-endorphin, D-Pen2-D-Pen5-enkephalin, and U50, 488H administered intracerebroventricularly in mice.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Nociceptors; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1995 |
Assessment of endogenous enkephalins efficacy in the hot plate test in mice: comparative study with morphine.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1995 |
DAMGO, a mu-opioid receptor selective ligand, distinguishes between mu-and kappa-opioid receptors at a different region from that for the distinction between mu- and delta-opioid receptors.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Ligands; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Opioid Peptides; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Somatostatin; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1995 |
Specific N- or C-terminus modified dynorphin and beta-endorphin peptides can selectively block excitatory opioid receptor functions in sensory neurons and unmask potent inhibitory effects of opioid agonists.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Mice; Morphine; Neurons; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1995 |
Mimics of the binding sites of opioid receptors obtained by molecular imprinting of enkephalin and morphine.
Topics: alpha-Endorphin; Amino Acid Sequence; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Ligands; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid | 1995 |
The third extracellular loop of the mu opioid receptor is important for agonist selectivity.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding Sites; Cell Line; Diprenorphine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Protein Conformation; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sufentanil | 1995 |
Inhibition of morphine withdrawal by the association of RB 101, an inhibitor of enkephalin catabolism, and the CCKB antagonist PD-134,308.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Binding, Competitive; Body Temperature; Diprenorphine; Disulfides; Drug Combinations; Drug Synergism; Enkephalins; Indoles; Male; Meglumine; Mice; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Phenylalanine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Weight Loss | 1995 |
Developmental change of mu opioid receptors in neonatal guinea pig brain stem.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Stem; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1995 |
Single diastereomeric desaminotyrosylalanyl tetra- and heptapeptides with opioid antagonistic activity.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Male; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Molecular Structure; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Opioid Peptides; Receptors, Opioid; Stereoisomerism; Tetrahydroisoquinolines; Vas Deferens | 1995 |
Opioid peptide receptor studies. 1. Identification of a novel delta-opioid receptor binding site in rat brain membranes.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Base Sequence; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Cell Membrane; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1995 |
Analgesic effect of two calcitonins and in vitro interaction with opioids.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzomorphans; Calcitonin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Narcotics; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1995 |
Role of nitric oxide/cyclic GMP in i.c.v. administered beta-endorphin- and (+)-cis-dioxolane-induced antinociception in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Arginine; beta-Endorphin; Cyclic GMP; Dioxolanes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hemoglobins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Methylene Blue; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Stereoisomerism | 1994 |
Characterization of the cloned human mu opioid receptor.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cloning, Molecular; Cyclic AMP; DNA, Complementary; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Humans; Ligands; Morphine; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Recombinant Proteins; RNA, Messenger | 1995 |
Differential antagonism by MK-801 against antinociception induced by opioid receptor agonists administered supraspinally in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Opioid | 1994 |
Electrophysiological effects of selective opioid agonists on spontaneous and evoked neuronal activity in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in vivo.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; Interneurons; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Opioid Peptides; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1994 |
The effect of chronic treatment with naltrindole, a selective delta-opioid antagonist, on mu-opioid receptor-mediated antinociception in diabetic mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Monocytes; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spleen | 1993 |
Differential modulation of alpha 2-adrenergic and opioid spinal antinociception by cholecystokinin and cholecystokinin antagonists in the rat dorsal horn: an electrophysiological study.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepinones; Cholecystokinin; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Imidazoles; Indoles; Injections, Spinal; Male; Medetomidine; Meglumine; Morphine; Nerve Fibers; Phenylurea Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1994 |
Blockade of delta-opioid receptors prevents morphine-induced place preference in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzylidene Compounds; Conditioning, Operant; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1994 |
Effects in the rat of intranigral morphine and DAGO on eating and gnawing induced by stress.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Feeding Behavior; Female; Injections; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stereotyped Behavior; Stress, Psychological; Substantia Nigra | 1994 |
Reduction in ATP-sensitive potassium channel-mediated antinociception in diabetic mice.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Analgesics; Animals; Benzopyrans; Blood Glucose; Cromakalim; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glyburide; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Potassium Channels; Pyrroles; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tetraethylammonium Compounds | 1994 |
Effects of intrathecal mu, delta, and kappa agonists on thermally evoked cardiovascular and nociceptive reflexes in halothane-anesthetized rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Animals; Blood Pressure; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Halothane; Heart Rate; Hot Temperature; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Nalbuphine; Nociceptors; Pain Threshold; Pyrroles; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Reflex; Thiophenes | 1995 |
Affinity profiles of morphine, codeine, dihydrocodeine and their glucuronides at opioid receptor subtypes.
Topics: Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Codeine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glucuronates; Guinea Pigs; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tritium | 1995 |
Opiate withdrawal intensity correlates with the presence of DSLET high-affinity binding.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; Drug Implants; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred DBA; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotics; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1994 |
Dexamethasone-induced selective inhibition of the central mu opioid receptor: functional in vivo and in vitro evidence in rodents.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Dexamethasone; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Pain Measurement; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1994 |
Electrophysiological demonstration of mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors in the ventral pallidum.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Action Potentials; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Brain Mapping; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Globus Pallidus; Iontophoresis; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Neurons; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1995 |
Disinhibition of off-cells and antinociception produced by an opioid action within the rostral ventromedial medulla.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Extracellular Space; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Neurons; Nociceptors; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1994 |
Morphine-induced reciprocal alterations in G alpha s and opioid peptide mRNA levels in discrete brain regions.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blotting, Northern; Brain Chemistry; Drug Tolerance; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; GTP-Binding Proteins; Hypothalamus; Male; Morphine; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger | 1993 |
Evidence for a central long-lasting antinociceptive effect of vapreotide, an analog of somatostatin, involving an opioidergic mechanism.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Inflammation; Male; Membranes; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Necrosis; Nociceptors; Octreotide; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Somatostatin; Spinal Cord; Time Factors; Tritium | 1994 |
Behavioral effects of systemically administered mu and kappa opioid agonists in the squirrel monkey: peptides versus alkaloids.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Alkaloids; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Operant; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Morphine; Peptide Fragments; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reinforcement Schedule; Saimiri | 1994 |
[The studies on electronic structure and structure-activity relationships of [Leu5]-enkephalin].
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Electrochemistry; Enkephalin, Leucine; Fentanyl; Humans; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Structure; Morphine; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1993 |
Effects of mu, delta and kappa opioid antagonists on the depression of a C-fiber reflex by intrathecal morphine and DAGO in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nerve Fibers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reflex; Somatostatin | 1994 |
Dissimilar efficacy of opioids to produce mu-mediated analgesia: role of Gx/z and Gi2 transducer proteins.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cell Membrane; Cerebral Ventricles; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; GTP Phosphohydrolases; GTP-Binding Proteins; Immunoglobulin G; Injections, Intraventricular; Kinetics; Male; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naloxone; Pain; Peptide Fragments; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Signal Transduction | 1994 |
Different subtypes of opioid receptors have different affinities for G-proteins.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Adenylyl Cyclases; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cerebellum; Colforsin; Diprenorphine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Etorphine; GTP-Binding Proteins; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Hybrid Cells; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naloxone; Neoplasm Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroblastoma; Oligopeptides; Pyrrolidines; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1994 |
G-protein antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides and mu-opioid supraspinal antinociception.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Base Sequence; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sufentanil | 1994 |
Differential regulation of mu and delta opiate receptors by morphine, selective agonists and antagonists and differentiating agents in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Cell Differentiation; Down-Regulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Tretinoin; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1994 |
1-Aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid (ACPC) prevents mu and delta opioid tolerance.
Topics: Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Cyclic; Analgesia; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1994 |
Participation of opioid receptor types on post-tetanic twitch inhibition in isolated guinea-pig ileal longitudinal muscle.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Dynorphins; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Peptide Fragments; Receptors, Opioid | 1994 |
Effects of mu-, delta- and kappa-agonists on isolated right atria of the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Atropine; Benzomorphans; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Heart; Heart Atria; Heart Rate; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Propranolol; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1994 |
Evidence for a bidirectional cross-tolerance between morphine and delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Body Temperature; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dronabinol; Drug Implants; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membranes; Mice; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1994 |
Morphine reduces the release of met-enkephalin-like material from the rat spinal cord in vivo by acting at delta opioid receptors.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Pyrrolidines; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Spinal Cord | 1994 |
Antinociceptive response induced by mixed inhibitors of enkephalin catabolism in peripheral inflammation.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Disulfides; Enkephalins; Hydroxamic Acids; Inflammation; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neprilysin; Pain; Pain Measurement; Phenylalanine; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1994 |
Subarachnoid morphine reduces stimulation-induced but not basal expression of preproenkephalin in rat spinal cord.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; Genes, fos; Male; Morphine; Pain; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord; Subarachnoid Space | 1994 |
Mu and delta opioid receptors mediate opposite modulations by morphine of the spinal release of cholecystokinin-like material.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Cholecystokinin; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Pyrrolidines; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1994 |
In vivo treatment with mu and delta, but not kappa-selective opioid agonists reduces [3H]spiperone binding to the guinea-pig striatum: autoradiographic evidence.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Guinea Pigs; Male; Morphine; Organ Specificity; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spiperone; Tritium | 1994 |
Electrophysiologic analysis of preemptive effects of spinal opioids on N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated events.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Formaldehyde; Morphine; Narcotics; Nerve Fibers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord | 1994 |
Selective antagonism of opioid analgesia by a sigma system.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Haloperidol; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Pentazocine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, sigma; Species Specificity | 1994 |
The functional role of opioid receptors in acetylcholine release in the rat adrenal medulla.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Microdialysis; Morphine; Nerve Endings; Physostigmine; Potassium; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Splanchnic Nerves | 1994 |
Cross-tolerance between mu- and kappa-opioid agonists in the guinea pig ileum myenteric plexus.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Myenteric Plexus; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sufentanil | 1994 |
Opioid effects of short enkephalin fragments containing the Gly-Phe sequence on contractile responses of guinea pig ileum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Peptide Fragments | 1994 |
Effect of morphine tolerance and abstinence on the binding of [3H]naltrexone to discrete brain regions and spinal cord of the rat.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Drug Implants; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Membranes; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naltrexone; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1994 |
U-50,488 blocks the development of morphine tolerance and dependence at a very low dose in guinea pigs.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Nociceptors; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1994 |
-mu opiate receptor. Charged transmembrane domain amino acids are critical for agonist recognition and intrinsic activity.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Humans; Morphine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Naloxone; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sequence Deletion; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1994 |
Restraint changes pentobarbital-induced sleeping time in rats: evidence that arousal is modulated by brain corticotropin-releasing hormone and opioid in stress.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Arousal; Brain; Cerebral Ventricles; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Pentobarbital; Peptide Fragments; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Restraint, Physical; Sleep; Stress, Psychological | 1994 |
Dual regulation by opioids of 3H-norepinephrine release in the human neuroblastoma cell-line SK-N-SH.
Topics: Cell Line; Dextrorphan; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Humans; Kinetics; Levorphanol; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Neuroblastoma; Norepinephrine; Receptors, Opioid; Tritium; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1994 |
Dynamics of Met5- and Leu5-enkephalin and their receptor binding activity in relation to morphine.
Topics: Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Models, Molecular; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid | 1994 |
The use of specific opioid agonists and antagonists to delineate the vagally mediated antinociceptive and cardiovascular effects of intravenous morphine.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blood Pressure; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Indoles; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reference Values; Time Factors; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 1993 |
Cyclic AMP mediates mu and delta, but not kappa opioid analgesia in the spinal cord of the rat.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Bucladesine; Cyclic AMP; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Pain; Peptide Fragments; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord; Time Factors | 1993 |
Spinal involvement of both dynorphin A and Met-enkephalin in the antinociception induced by intracerebroventricularly administered bremazocine but not morphine in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Animals; Benzomorphans; beta-Endorphin; Drug Interactions; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Nociceptors; Pain Measurement; Pyrrolidines; Spinal Cord; Time Factors | 1993 |
Antibodies raised against the N-terminal sequence of delta opioid receptors blocked delta-mediated supraspinal antinociception in mice.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analysis of Variance; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Immunoglobulin G; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Pain; Pain Measurement; Protein Binding; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1994 |
Fentanyl inhibits the release of [3H]noradrenaline from SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells.
Topics: Atropine; Carbachol; Cell Differentiation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Fentanyl; Humans; Morphine; Neuroblastoma; Norepinephrine; Potassium; Receptors, Muscarinic; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1994 |
Effects of naltrexone on the binding of [3H]D-Ala2, MePhe4, Gly-ol5-enkephalin to brain regions and spinal cord and pharmacological responses to morphine in the rat.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Body Temperature; Brain; Drug Implants; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord; Up-Regulation | 1993 |
mu-Opioid receptor stimulation of inositol (1,4,5)trisphosphate formation via a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein.
Topics: Calcium; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Fentanyl; GTP-Binding Proteins; Humans; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Neuroblastoma; Pertussis Toxin; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1994 |
The interaction of the mu-opioid receptor and G protein is altered after chronic morphine treatment in rats.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; Cell Membrane; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; GTP Phosphohydrolases; GTP-Binding Proteins; Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate; Kinetics; Male; Mesencephalon; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stimulation, Chemical | 1993 |
The nature of conditioned anti-analgesia: spinal cord opiate and anti-opiate neurochemistry.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Conditioning, Classical; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Immune Sera; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Proglumide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1994 |
The antinociceptive and motivational effects of intranigral injection of opioid agonists.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Motivation; Pain; Periaqueductal Gray; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Stereotaxic Techniques; Substantia Nigra; Time Factors | 1993 |
mu-Opioid receptors modulate noradrenaline release from the rat hippocampus as measured by brain microdialysis.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Desipramine; Electrochemistry; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Extracellular Space; GTP-Binding Proteins; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Morphine; Naltrexone; Nerve Endings; Norepinephrine; Potassium; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1994 |
Self-administration of morphine, DAMGO, and DPDPE into the ventral tegmental area of rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reinforcement, Psychology; Self Administration; Stereotyped Behavior; Ventral Tegmental Area | 1994 |
Area tempestas modulates the behavioural responses to nociceptive stimuli in rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Azocines; Bicuculline; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Escape Reaction; Foot; Hot Temperature; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Olfactory Pathways; Pain; Phenazocine; Pressure; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Seizures; Tail | 1993 |
Tyrosine phosphorylation of a 58 kDa protein induced by morphine in SK-N-SH cells.
Topics: Cell Line; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Humans; Kinetics; Molecular Weight; Morphine; Naloxone; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Pertussis Toxin; Phosphorylation; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Signal Transduction; Tyrosine; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1994 |
Alterations in the expression of G-proteins and regulation of adenylate cyclase in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells chronically exposed to low-efficacy mu-opioids.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Cell Differentiation; Cell Membrane; Cycloheximide; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Narcotics; Neuroblastoma; Time Factors; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Up-Regulation | 1993 |
Mouse brain opioid receptor identification by direct ultraviolet photoaffinity labeling.
Topics: Affinity Labels; Animals; Binding Sites; Dithiothreitol; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Tritium; Tyrosine; Ultraviolet Rays | 1993 |
Partial antinociceptive cross-tolerance to intracerebroventricular beta-endorphin in mice tolerant to systemic morphine.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Drug Implants; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Norepinephrine; Pain Measurement; Serotonin | 1993 |
Discriminative stimulus effects of BW373U86: a nonpeptide ligand with selectivity for delta opioid receptors.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; Benzamides; Benzomorphans; Columbidae; Discrimination Learning; Enkephalin, Leucine; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Piperazines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1993 |
Changes in the levels of several endogenous opioid peptides in dog cerebrospinal fluid following morphine administration.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Guinea Pigs; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Morphine; Protein Precursors | 1993 |
Opioid antagonist-induced receptor upregulation: effects of concurrent agonist administration.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Drug Combinations; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Fentanyl; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Up-Regulation | 1994 |
Quinine and 4-aminopyridine inhibit the stimulatory output of dopamine in nucleus accumbens and the behavioural activity produced by morphine.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Microdialysis; Morphine; Nucleus Accumbens; Potassium Channels; Quinine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1993 |
Increase in the extracellular histamine concentration in the rat striatum by mu-opioid receptor activation.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Extracellular Space; Histamine; Male; Methylhistidines; Morphine; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1994 |
Suppression of nociceptive responses by spinal mu opioid agonists: effects of stimulus intensity and agonist efficacy.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Hemodynamics; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Pain; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sufentanil | 1993 |
Modification of morphine-induced locomotor activity by pertussis toxin: biochemical and behavioral studies in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Kinetics; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pertussis Toxin; Time Factors; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1993 |
Electrophysiological actions of delta opioids in CA1 of the rat hippocampal slice are mediated by one delta receptor subtype.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Ligands; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pyramidal Tracts; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1993 |
Fetal behavior and the endogenous opioid system: D1 dopamine receptor interactions with the kappa opioid system.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Analgesics; Animals; Arousal; Benzazepines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Fetal Movement; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1993 |
The kappa opioid agonist U-50,488H antagonizes respiratory effects of mu opioid receptor agonists in conscious rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Respiration | 1993 |
Possible involvement of mu 2-mediated mechanisms in mu-mediated antitussive activity in the mouse.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Antitussive Agents; Capsaicin; Cough; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naloxone; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1993 |
Chronic exposure to morphine and naltrexone induces changes in catecholaminergic neurotransmission in rat brain without altering mu-opioid receptor sensitivity.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Catecholamines; Cyclic AMP; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Norepinephrine; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1993 |
Opioid control of the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like material from the rat spinal cord in vivo.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Iodine Radioisotopes; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Pyrrolidines; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1993 |
Involvement of delta 2 opioid receptors in acute dependence on morphine in mice.
Topics: Animals; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Leucine; Isothiocyanates; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Substance-Related Disorders; Thiocyanates | 1993 |
Antinociceptive profile of biphalin, a dimeric enkephalin analog.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Digestive System; Drug Stability; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance-Related Disorders | 1993 |
Dose-dependent antagonism of spinal opioid receptor agonists by naloxone and naltrindole: additional evidence for delta-opioid receptor subtypes in the rat.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1993 |
The highly selective delta agonist BUBU induces an analgesic effect in normal and arthritic rat and this action is not affected by repeated administration of low doses of morphine.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Arthritis, Experimental; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Interactions; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Oligopeptides; Pain; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Reference Values; Vocalization, Animal | 1993 |
Reconstitution of a purified mu-opioid binding protein in liposomes: selective, high affinity, GTP gamma S-sensitive mu-opioid agonist binding is restored.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Cattle; Cell Membrane; Cholic Acids; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Kinetics; Liposomes; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1993 |
Molecular recognition using a binary genetic search algorithm.
Topics: Algorithms; Amino Acid Sequence; Carbohydrate Sequence; Carbolines; Deoxyribose; Drug Design; Electrochemistry; Enkephalin, Leucine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Maltose; Models, Genetic; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; N-Methylaspartate; Peptides, Cyclic; Receptors, GABA-A; Selection, Genetic; Trimethoprim | 1993 |
Opioid receptor regulation of 5-hydroxytryptamine release from the rat hippocampus measured by in vivo microdialysis.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Dialysis; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; Male; Micromanipulation; Morphine; Naltrexone; Potassium; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid; Serotonin | 1993 |
Selective and interactive down-regulation of mu- and delta-opioid receptors in human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Down-Regulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Humans; Morphine; Naltrexone; Neuroblastoma; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1993 |
Role of mu 1- and delta-opioid receptors in modulation of fetal EEG and respiratory activity.
Topics: Animals; Electroencephalography; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Fetal Movement; Fetus; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Respiration; Sheep | 1993 |
Isobolographic superadditivity between delta and mu opioid agonists in the rat depends on the ratio of compounds, the mu agonist and the analgesic assay used.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Synergism; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1993 |
Unlike morphine the endogenous enkephalins protected by RB101 are unable to establish a conditioned place preference in mice.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Disulfides; Drug Interactions; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Phenylalanine; Prodrugs; Substance-Related Disorders | 1993 |
In vivo modulation of gastrointestinal motor activity by Met-enkephalin, morphine and enkephalin analogs in chickens.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Chickens; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Nerve Fibers; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 1993 |
Inhibition of spinal opioid antinociception by intrathecal beta-endorphin1-27 in the rat.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Humans; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Pain Measurement; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Sheep; Spinal Cord | 1993 |
Ligand selectivity of cloned human and rat opioid mu receptors.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; CHO Cells; Cloning, Molecular; Cricetinae; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Humans; Morphine; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1995 |
Adenylylcyclase supersensitization in mu-opioid receptor-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells following chronic opioid treatment.
Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; Adenylyl Cyclases; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; CHO Cells; Colforsin; Cricetinae; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Morphine; Naloxone; Pertussis Toxin; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Recombinant Proteins; Transfection; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1995 |
Presence of the mu3 opiate receptor in endothelial cells. Coupling to nitric oxide production and vasodilation.
Topics: Animals; Aorta; Arteries; Binding, Competitive; Cells, Cultured; Dihydromorphine; Endothelium, Vascular; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Humans; Kinetics; Male; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Narcotics; Nitric Oxide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Vasodilation | 1995 |
In vivo injection of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to G alpha subunits and supraspinal analgesia evoked by mu and delta opioid agonists.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Base Sequence; beta-Endorphin; Blotting, Western; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Injections, Intraventricular; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1995 |
Prenatal exposure to morphine alters brain mu opioid receptor characteristics in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Gestational Age; Male; Morphine; Ovary; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sex Characteristics | 1995 |
The effect of intrathecal opioid-receptor agonists on visceral noxious stimulation in rabbits.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Catheterization; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Injections, Spinal; Morphine; Motor Activity; Narcotic Antagonists; Pyrrolidines; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid; Viscera | 1996 |
Involvement of different subtypes of cholecystokinin receptors in opioid antinociception in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Indoles; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Meglumine; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Narcotics; Pain Measurement; Proglumide; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Sincalide | 1995 |
Delta opioid receptors: reflexive, defensive and vocal affective responses in female rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Morphine; Motor Activity; Pain; Rats; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Vocalization, Animal | 1995 |
Spinal mu and delta, but not kappa, opioid-receptor agonists attenuate responses to noxious colorectal distension in the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Catheterization; Colon; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Rectum | 1995 |
Effects of neuropeptide FF analogs on morphine analgesia in the nucleus raphe dorsalis.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Microinjections; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Neuropeptides; Oligopeptides; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid | 1995 |
The peristaltic reflex in the rat ileum: evidence for functional mu- and delta-opiate receptors.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Antidiarrheals; Diphenoxylate; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ileum; Linear Models; Loperamide; Morphine; Peristalsis; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1995 |
Systemic and supraspinal, but not spinal, opiates suppress allodynia in a rat neuropathic pain model.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1995 |
Differential blockade of morphine and morphine-6 beta-glucuronide analgesia by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides directed against MOR-1 and G-protein alpha subunits in rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Base Sequence; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Male; Microinjections; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1995 |
Opioid and adenosine peripheral antinociception are subject to tolerance and withdrawal.
Topics: Adenosine; Analgesics; Animals; Dinoprostone; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Hyperalgesia; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Nociceptors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Xanthines | 1995 |
Tolerance of hypothalamic beta-endorphin neurons to mu-opioid receptor activation after chronic morphine.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus; beta-Endorphin; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hypothalamus; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1996 |
Electrophysiological effects of Mu-selective opioids on hilar neurons in the hippocampus in vivo.
Topics: Action Potentials; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Dentate Gyrus; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1995 |
Characterization of supraspinal antinociceptive actions of opioid delta agonists in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Hot Temperature; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Nociceptors; Oligopeptides; Pain Measurement; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Reticular Formation | 1995 |
Morphine activates opioid receptors without causing their rapid internalization.
Topics: Cell Line; Endocytosis; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Humans; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid | 1996 |
Chronic opioid treatment induces adenylyl cyclase V superactivation. Involvement of Gbetagamma.
Topics: Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; Adenylyl Cyclases; Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Cell Line; Chlorocebus aethiops; DNA, Complementary; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Enzyme Activation; GTP-Binding Proteins; Morphine; Pertussis Toxin; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Transfection; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1996 |
[Change in activity of enkephalinase from various structures of the rat brain during administration of naloxone and in morphine tolerance].
Topics: Aminopeptidases; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Drug Resistance; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1995 |
Downregulation of mu-opioid binding sites following chronic administration of neuropeptide FF (NPFF) and morphine.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Down-Regulation; Drug Administration Routes; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Subcellular Fractions; Thalamus; Tissue Distribution | 1996 |
The CCKB antagonist PD-134,308 facilitates rewarding effects of endogenous enkephalins but does not induce place preference in rats.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Hormone Antagonists; Indoles; Male; Meglumine; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Cholecystokinin | 1996 |
Prenatal morphine exposure differentially alters expression of opioid peptides in striatum of newborns.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blotting, Northern; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Frontal Lobe; Gene Expression; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; Morphine; Multivariate Analysis; Organ Specificity; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Biosynthesis; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger | 1995 |
Towards artificial antibodies prepared by molecular imprinting.
Topics: Antibodies; Atrazine; Binding, Competitive; Corticosterone; Cross Reactions; Diazepam; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Kinetics; Methylglucosides; Molecular Mimicry; Morphine; Polymers; Propranolol; Radioimmunoassay; Stereoisomerism; Theophylline; Yohimbine | 1996 |
A genetic algorithm for flexible molecular overlay and pharmacophore elucidation.
Topics: Algorithms; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Benzodiazepines; Binding Sites; Carrier Proteins; DNA-Binding Proteins; Dopamine Agonists; Drug Design; Enkephalin, Leucine; Heat-Shock Proteins; Hydrogen Bonding; Ligands; Models, Genetic; Models, Molecular; Molecular Structure; Morphine; Serotonin Antagonists; Software; Tacrolimus Binding Proteins; Thermodynamics | 1995 |
mu-Opioid agonists stimulate growth hormone secretion in immature rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Age Factors; Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Growth Hormone; Male; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Time Factors | 1996 |
The stimulatory effect of opioids on mitogen-activated protein kinase in Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected to express mu-opioid receptors.
Topics: Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Morphine; Narcotics; Pertussis Toxin; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Recombinant Proteins; Transfection; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1996 |
Circannual variations in bear plasma albumin and its opioid-like effects on guinea pig ileum.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Hibernation; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Receptors, Opioid; Seasons; Serum Albumin; Ursidae | 1996 |
Effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibition on tolerance to the analgesic action of D-Pen2, D-Pen5 enkephalin and morphine in the mouse.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine | 1996 |
Role of opioid receptors in the spinal antinociceptive effects of neuropeptide FF analogues.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Somatostatin; Spinal Cord | 1996 |
Differential desensitization of mu- and delta- opioid receptors in selected neural pathways following chronic morphine treatment.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Adenylyl Cyclases; Aminobutyrates; Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Caudate Nucleus; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glutamic Acid; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nucleus Accumbens; Oligopeptides; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Thalamus | 1996 |
Inhibition of noxious stimulus-evoked pain behaviors and neuronal fos-like immunoreactivity in the spinal cord of the rat by supraspinal morphine.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Area Under Curve; Behavior, Animal; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Immunohistochemistry; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain; Pain Measurement; Physical Stimulation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord | 1996 |
Involvement of beta-endorphin in the modulation of paw inflammatory edema in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Benzomorphans; beta-Endorphin; Edema; Enkephalin, Leucine; Foot; Inflammation; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Yeasts | 1996 |
The antiproliferative effect of opioid receptor agonists on the T47D human breast cancer cell line, is partially mediated through opioid receptors.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Amino Acid Sequence; Binding Sites; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Division; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Etorphine; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid Peptides; Receptors, Opioid; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1996 |
Effects of prenatal morphine and adult estrogen administration on mu-opioid inhibition of norepinephrine release from hypothalamic slices.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Estradiol; Female; Hypothalamus; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naloxone; Norepinephrine; Ovariectomy; Potassium Chloride; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1996 |
Alteration of calcitonin gene related peptide and its receptor binding sites during the development of tolerance to mu and delta opioids.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Autoradiography; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1995 |
Systemic morphine and local opioid effects on neuronal activity in the medial prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Electrophoresis; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 1996 |
Effects of NMDA receptor antagonists on inhibition of morphine tolerance in rats: binding at mu-opioid receptors.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1996 |
Morphine-6-O-beta-D-glucuronide but not morphine-3-O-beta-D-glucuronide binds to mu-, delta- and kappa- specific opioid binding sites in cerebral membranes.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Guinea Pigs; Male; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1996 |
Pretreatment with pertussis toxin differentially modulates morphine- and beta-endorphin-induced antinociception in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pertussis Toxin; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Serotonin; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1996 |
Effect of the highly selective and nonpeptide delta opioid receptor agonist TAN-67 on the morphine-induced place preference in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzylidene Compounds; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Limbic System; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Quinolines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Reward | 1996 |
Similar decrease in spontaneous morphine abstinence by methadone and RB 101, an inhibitor of enkephalin catabolism.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Disulfides; Drug Combinations; Enkephalins; Indoles; Male; Meglumine; Methadone; Morphine; Naloxone; Phenylalanine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1996 |
Induction of Fos-like immunoreactivity by opioids in guinea-pig brain.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Diencephalon; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Guinea Pigs; Immunohistochemistry; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mesencephalon; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurons; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Telencephalon | 1996 |
Exposure to perinatal morphine promotes developmental changes in rat striatum.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; In Situ Hybridization; Lactation; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Neostriatum; Neurons; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; RNA, Messenger; Serotonin; Substance P; Synapses; Synapsins; Time Factors; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1996 |
Endogenous opioid-mediated inhibition of putative pain-modulating neurons in rat rostral ventromedial medulla.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Brain Mapping; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Naloxone; Nerve Endings; Neurons; Pain; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reflex | 1996 |
Loss of morphine-induced analgesia, reward effect and withdrawal symptoms in mice lacking the mu-opioid-receptor gene.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cell Line; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Gene Deletion; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Narcotics; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1996 |
Discriminative stimulus effects of a centrally administered, delta-opioid peptide (D-Pen2-D-Pen5-enkephalin) in pigeons.
Topics: Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Columbidae; Discrimination, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1996 |
Intrathecally injected nicotine enhances the antinociception induced by morphine but not beta-endorphin, D-Pen2,5-enkephalin and U50,488H administered intrathecally in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Nicotine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Spinal Cord | 1996 |
Increase of preproenkephalin mRNA in the caudal part of periaqueductal gray by morphine withdrawal in rats: a quantitative in situ hybridization study.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Periaqueductal Gray; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1996 |
Nicotine enhances morphine- and beta-endorphin-induced antinociception at the supraspinal level in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Nicotine; Nociceptors; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1996 |
Biphalin, an enkephalin analog with unexpectedly high antinociceptive potency and low dependence liability in vivo, selectively antagonizes excitatory opioid receptor functions of sensory neurons in culture.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Culture Techniques; Drug Tolerance; Electrophysiology; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurons, Afferent | 1995 |
Hans Kosterlitz (1903-96)
Topics: Biological Assay; Enkephalins; History, 20th Century; Morphine; Neurophysiology; Pharmacology; Scotland | 1996 |
mu- and kappa-opioids inhibit K+ evoked glutamate release from rat cerebrocortical slices.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Glutamic Acid; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1996 |
Sigma binding in a human neuroblastoma cell line.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Carbachol; Cell Line; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate; Guinea Pigs; Haloperidol; Humans; Kinetics; Morphine; Naloxone; Neuroblastoma; Pentazocine; Phosphatidylinositols; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, sigma; Trypsin; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1996 |
Delayed occurrence of enhanced striatal preprodynorphin gene expression in behaviorally sensitized rats: differential long-term effects of intermittent and chronic morphine administration.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Behavior, Animal; Corpus Striatum; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Narcotics; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors; Tissue Distribution | 1997 |
Effects of morphine-3-glucuronide on the antinociceptive activity of peptide and nonpeptide opioid receptor agonists in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Nociceptors; Oligopeptides; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1996 |
Differential opioid agonist regulation of the mouse mu opioid receptor.
Topics: Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; Analgesics; Animals; Buprenorphine; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Diprenorphine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Humans; Levorphanol; Methadone; Mice; Morphine; Pertussis Toxin; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1997 |
Chronic morphine treatment increases stimulatory beta-2 adrenoceptor signaling in A431 cells stably expressing the mu opioid receptor.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic AMP; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Humans; Isoproterenol; Morphine; Rats; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Transfection; Up-Regulation | 1997 |
Synergistic antinociceptive interactions of morphine and clonidine in rats with nerve-ligation injury.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics; Animals; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Pain; Phentolamine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Nerve Roots | 1997 |
Tolerance to mu-opioid receptor agonists but not cross-tolerance to gamma-aminobutyric acid(B) receptor agonists in arcuate A12 dopamine neurons with chronic morphine treatment.
Topics: Animals; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus; Baclofen; Drug Tolerance; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; GABA-B Receptor Agonists; Guinea Pigs; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Neurons; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tetrodotoxin; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1997 |
RB 101, a purported pro drug inhibitor of enkephalin metabolism, is antinociceptive in pregnant mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Depression, Chemical; Disulfides; Enkephalins; Female; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain Threshold; Phenylalanine; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Prodrugs; Respiration | 1997 |
Pharmacological characterization of buprenorphine, a mixed agonist-antagonist with kappa 3 analgesia.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Buprenorphine; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Sensitivity and Specificity | 1997 |
Opioid receptor-coupled G-proteins in rat locus coeruleus membranes: decrease in activity after chronic morphine treatment.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Binding, Competitive; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; GTP Phosphohydrolases; GTP-Binding Proteins; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Kinetics; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Membrane Proteins; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sulfur Radioisotopes | 1997 |
An examination of the relationship between mu-opioid antinociceptive efficacy and G-protein coupling using pertussis and cholera toxins.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Cholera Toxin; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Pertussis Toxin; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sufentanil; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1997 |
The effect of single and repeated morphine administration on the prodynorphin system activity in the nucleus accumbens and striatum of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Nucleus Accumbens; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Messenger | 1996 |
Differential modulation by muscimol and baclofen on antinociception induced by morphine, beta-endorphin, D-Pen2,5-enkephalin and U50,488H administered intracerebroventricularly in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Baclofen; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Mice; Morphine; Muscimol; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1995 |
Analysis of the role of delta opioid receptors in gastroprotection in the rat.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Binding Sites; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Gastric Mucosa; Ileum; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Oligopeptides; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stomach; Stomach Diseases; Vas Deferens | 1997 |
Intermittent morphine administration induces a long-lasting synergistic effect of corticosterone on dopamine D1 receptor functioning in rat striatal GABA neurons.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Corticosterone; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Cyclic AMP; Dexamethasone; Drug Synergism; Embryo, Mammalian; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Kinetics; Morphine; Neurons; Oxotremorine; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; Receptors, Mineralocorticoid | 1997 |
Chronic morphine and naltrexone fail to modify mu-opioid receptor mRNA levels in the rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Corpus Striatum; DNA Primers; Drug Administration Schedule; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1997 |
Effects of ibogaine and noribogaine on the antinociceptive action of mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptor agonists in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ibogaine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotics; Nociceptors; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1997 |
Effects of ibogaine on the development of tolerance to antinociceptive action of mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptor agonists in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ibogaine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotics; Nociceptors; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1997 |
Inhibition of swine microglial cell phagocytosis of Cryptococcus neoformans by femtomolar concentrations of morphine.
Topics: Animals; Cryptococcus neoformans; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Microglia; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Phagocytosis; Swine | 1997 |
Competitive and non-competitive NMDA antagonists block the development of antinociceptive tolerance to morphine, but not to selective mu or delta opioid agonists in mice.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fentanyl; Isoquinolines; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1996 |
Differential influence of D1 and D2 dopamine receptors on acute opiate withdrawal in guinea-pig isolated ileum.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Apomorphine; Dopamine Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Haloperidol; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1997 |
Differential effects of mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptor agonists on the discriminative stimulus properties of cocaine in rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cocaine; Discrimination Learning; Discrimination, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Quinolines; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance-Related Disorders | 1997 |
Conditioned place preference: no tolerance to the rewarding properties of morphine.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzeneacetamides; Body Weight; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1997 |
Mechanism of attenuation of morphine antinociception by chronic treatment with L-arginine.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Arginine; Brain; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord; Tissue Distribution; Tritium | 1997 |
A constitutively internalizing and recycling mutant of the mu-opioid receptor.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cells, Cultured; Coated Vesicles; Endocytosis; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Epitopes; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; GTP-Binding Proteins; Humans; Kidney; Ligands; Microscopy, Confocal; Morphine; Mutagenesis; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Receptors, Transferrin | 1997 |
Intracisternal injection of opioids induces itch-associated response through mu-opioid receptors in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cisterna Magna; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Microinjections; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pruritus; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1997 |
Efficacy and kinetics of opioid action on acutely dissociated neurons.
Topics: Animals; Brimonidine Tartrate; Calcium Channels; Clonidine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Locus Coeruleus; Morphine; Narcotics; Potassium Channels; Quinoxalines | 1997 |
Effect of morphine on proenkephalin gene expression in the rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Morphine; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1997 |
Tolerance to mu-opioid agonists in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells as determined by changes in guanosine-5'-O-(3-[35S]-thio)triphosphate binding.
Topics: Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Humans; Morphine; Neuroblastoma; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1997 |
Differential effects of omega-conotoxin GVIA, nimodipine, calmidazolium and KN-62 injected intrathecally on the antinociception induced by beta-endorphin, morphine and [D-Ala2,N-MePhe4,Gly-ol5]-enkephalin administered intracerebroventricularly in the mous
Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Imidazoles; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Nimodipine; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Peptides; Spinal Cord | 1997 |
Opioid regulation of the mouse delta-opioid receptor expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Cell Line; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Down-Regulation; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Etorphine; GTP-Binding Proteins; Humans; Methadone; Mice; Morphine; Point Mutation; Radioligand Assay; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Signal Transduction; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1997 |
Supraspinal administration of opioids with selectivity for mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptors produces analgesia in amphibians.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Benzofurans; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Female; Fentanyl; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Rana pipiens; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1997 |
The alpha2a adrenergic receptor subtype mediates spinal analgesia evoked by alpha2 agonists and is necessary for spinal adrenergic-opioid synergy.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics; Anesthesia, Spinal; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brimonidine Tartrate; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Hot Temperature; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Nociceptors; Pain Measurement; Quinoxalines; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance P | 1997 |
Effect of 7-nitroindazole on tolerance to morphine, U-50,488H and [D-Pen2, D-Pen5] enkephalin in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Indazoles; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nociceptors; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1997 |
Opiate agonists microinjected into the nucleus accumbens enhance sucrose drinking in rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Drinking; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Feeding Behavior; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Narcotics; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Sucrose | 1997 |
A comparison between microwave irradiation and decapitation: basal levels of dynorphin and enkephalin and the effect of chronic morphine treatment on dynorphin peptides.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Decerebrate State; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Microwaves; Morphine; Opioid Peptides; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1997 |
Differences between two substrains of AB mice in the opioid system.
Topics: Aggression; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Species Specificity | 1997 |
Systemic morphine-induced Fos protein in the rat striatum and nucleus accumbens is regulated by mu opioid receptors in the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzazepines; Bicuculline; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine Antagonists; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; GABA Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, fos; Genes, Immediate-Early; Injections; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Interneurons; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nucleus Accumbens; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substantia Nigra; Tegmentum Mesencephali | 1997 |
Opioid-related changes in nociceptive threshold and in tissue levels of enkephalins after target disruption of the gene for neutral endopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.11) in mice.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Neprilysin; Pain Threshold; Phenotype; Temperature | 1997 |
Agonist-induced signaling and trafficking of the mu-opioid receptor: role of serine and threonine residues in the third cytoplasmic loop and C-terminal domain.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Cell Membrane; CHO Cells; Colforsin; Cricetinae; Cyclic AMP; Diprenorphine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Enzyme Activation; Etorphine; GTP-Binding Proteins; Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate; Humans; Morphine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Serine; Signal Transduction; Threonine | 1997 |
The effects of repeated morphine exposure on mu opioid receptor number and affinity in C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Down-Regulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Frontal Lobe; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred DBA; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Regression Analysis | 1997 |
Clocinnamox dose-dependently antagonizes morphine-analgesia and [3H]DAMGO binding in rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cinnamates; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Kinetics; Membranes; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Time Factors | 1997 |
The competitive alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate receptor antagonist LY293558 attenuates and reverses analgesic tolerance to morphine but not to delta or kappa opioids.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Isoquinolines; Male; Mice; Morphine; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Tetrazoles | 1997 |
Circuitry underlying antiopioid actions of orphanin FQ in the rostral ventromedial medulla.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Neural Pathways; Nociceptin; Opioid Peptides; Pain; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid | 1997 |
Effect of chronic administration of morphine, U-50, 488H and [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin on the concentration of cGMP in brain regions and spinal cord of the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Cyclic GMP; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord; Up-Regulation | 1997 |
Opioid-induced release of neurotensin in the periaqueductal gray matter of freely moving rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Bicuculline; Calcium; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; Male; Morphine; Muscimol; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Neurotensin; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1997 |
Lack of morphine and enkephalin tolerance in 129/SvEv mice: evidence for a NMDA receptor defect.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Arginine; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Nitric Oxide; Nitroprusside; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1998 |
Disruption of the kappa-opioid receptor gene in mice enhances sensitivity to chemical visceral pain, impairs pharmacological actions of the selective kappa-agonist U-50,488H and attenuates morphine withdrawal.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Pain; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Viscera | 1998 |
Interactions of cocaine with morphine, U-50,488H and [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkaphalin.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Cocaine; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hot Temperature; Male; Mice; Morphine; Pain; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1998 |
Is the reduced efficacy of morphine in diabetic rats caused by alterations of opiate receptors or of morphine pharmacokinetics?
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Streptozocin | 1998 |
Specific G protein activation and mu-opioid receptor internalization caused by morphine, DAMGO and endomorphin I.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Biotransformation; Cell Membrane; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Humans; Microscopy, Confocal; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1998 |
[125I-Tyr1]biphalin binding to opioid receptors of rat brain and NG108-15 cell membranes.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Enkephalins; Iodine Radioisotopes; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1998 |
Differential modulation of mu- and delta-opioid antinociception by neuropeptide FF receptors in young mice.
Topics: Age Factors; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neuropeptides; Nociceptors; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Neuropeptide; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1997 |
Effects of single and repeated morphine administration on the prodynorphin, proenkephalin and dopamine D2 receptor gene expression in the mouse brain.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Brain Chemistry; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotics; Nucleus Accumbens; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Dopamine D2; RNA, Messenger | 1997 |
Time course of morphine withdrawal and preproenkephalin gene expression in the periaqueductal gray of rats.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Corticosterone; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Periaqueductal Gray; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Physiological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 1998 |
Role of central opioid receptor subtypes in morphine-induced alterations in peripheral lymphocyte activity.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Cell Division; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Lymphocytes; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1998 |
mu-Opioid receptor-knockout mice: the role of mu-opioid receptor in gastrointestinal transit.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Transit; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1998 |
Protein kinase A maintains cellular tolerance to mu opioid receptor agonists in hypothalamic neurosecretory cells with chronic morphine treatment: convergence on a common pathway with estrogen in modulating mu opioid receptor/effector coupling.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Estrogens; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hypothalamus; Morphine; Neurosecretory Systems; Protein Kinase C; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1998 |
Opioid regulation of pallidal enkephalin release: bimodal effects of locally administered mu and delta opioid agonists in freely moving rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Benzamides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Globus Pallidus; Male; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Piperazines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1998 |
Evidence for supraspinal nervous control of external anal sphincter motility in the cat.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anal Canal; Animals; Blood Pressure; Brimonidine Tartrate; Cats; Clonidine; Efferent Pathways; Electric Stimulation; Electromyography; Enkephalin, Leucine; Female; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Nicergoline; Norepinephrine; Peripheral Nerves; Phenylephrine; Prazosin; Quinoxalines; Reflex; Spinal Cord | 1998 |
Spinal opioid mu receptor expression in lumbar spinal cord of rats following nerve injury.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Male; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Nociceptors; Pain; Peptide Fragments; Peptides; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Somatostatin; Spinal Cord; Tritium | 1998 |
Distinct differences between morphine- and [D-Ala2,N-MePhe4,Gly-ol5]-enkephalin-mu-opioid receptor complexes demonstrated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Antibody Specificity; Carbazoles; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Indoles; Morphine; Neuroblastoma; Neurons; Phosphorylation; Precipitin Tests; Pyrroles; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1998 |
Inhibition of morphine tolerance and dependence by diazepam and its relation to mu-opioid receptors in the rat brain and spinal cord.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain Chemistry; Central Nervous System; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tritium | 1998 |
Age- and temperature-dependent effects of opioids on medulla oblongata respiratory activity: an in vitro study in newborn rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Age Factors; Analgesics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiration; Spinal Cord; Temperature | 1998 |
Postnatal development of multiple opioid receptors in the spinal cord and development of spinal morphine analgesia.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Autoradiography; Benzeneacetamides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Nerve Fibers; Pyrrolidines; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1998 |
Morphine-activated opioid receptors elude desensitization by beta-arrestin.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Arrestins; beta-Arrestins; Cell Line; Drug Tolerance; Dynamins; Endocytosis; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Epitopes; GTP Phosphohydrolases; GTP-Binding Proteins; Humans; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Peptides; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Signal Transduction; Transfection; Uncoupling Agents | 1998 |
Apparent thermodynamic parameters of ligand binding to the cloned rat mu-opioid receptor.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Binding, Competitive; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Diprenorphine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Fentanyl; Ligands; Methadone; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pentazocine; Peptide Fragments; Peptides; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Somatostatin; Sufentanil; Thermodynamics; Time Factors | 1998 |
Agonist induced homologous desensitization of mu-opioid receptors mediated by G protein-coupled receptor kinases is dependent on agonist efficacy.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Fentanyl; G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 3; G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 5; Humans; Kinetics; Morphine; Potassium Channels; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Rats; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sensitivity and Specificity; Xenopus laevis | 1998 |
Stimulation of endothelial angiotensin-converting enzyme by morphine via non-opioid receptor mediated processes.
Topics: Cells, Cultured; Endothelium, Vascular; Enkephalins; Humans; Ligands; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; Receptors, Opioid; Stimulation, Chemical | 1998 |
Effects of mu and delta opioid agonists and antagonists on affective vocal and reflexive pain responses during social stress in rats.
Topics: Aggression; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Pain; Pain Threshold; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reflex; Social Behavior; Stress, Psychological; Vocalization, Animal | 1998 |
Axotomy reduces the effect of analgesic opioids yet increases the effect of nociceptin on dorsal root ganglion neurons.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Axotomy; Benzeneacetamides; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Causalgia; Dihydropyridines; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Nerve Compression Syndromes; Neurons, Afferent; Nociceptin; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Opioid Peptides; Peptides; Potassium; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sciatic Nerve; Sodium; Spinal Cord | 1998 |
Opioid effects on activation of neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amygdala; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Thalamus | 1998 |
The role of nitric oxide in the development of opioid withdrawal induced by naloxone after acute treatment with mu- and kappa-opioid receptor agonists.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Acetylcholine; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitroglycerin; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Vasodilator Agents | 1998 |
Heroin antinociception changed from mu to delta receptor in streptozotocin-treated mice.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Benzylidene Compounds; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Heroin; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Pain; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Streptozocin; Time Factors | 1998 |
Effects of peptidase inhibitors, [D-Ala2, Met5]-enkephalinamide and antiserum to methionine-enkephalin microinjected into the caudal periaqueductal gray on morphine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Immune Sera; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Periaqueductal Gray; Protease Inhibitors; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1998 |
Role of protein kinase C (PKC) in agonist-induced mu-opioid receptor down-regulation: I. PKC translocation to the membrane of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells is induced by mu-opioid agonists.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Binding, Competitive; Biological Transport; Carcinogens; Diprenorphine; Down-Regulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Humans; Kinetics; Membrane Proteins; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neuroblastoma; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; Protein Kinase C; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Second Messenger Systems; Time Factors; Tritium; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1999 |
Modulation of cocaine-induced antinociception by opioid-receptor agonists.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Cocaine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1999 |
Differential basal proenkephalin gene expression in dorsal striatum and nucleus accumbens, and vulnerability to morphine self-administration in Fischer 344 and Lewis rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Narcotics; Nucleus Accumbens; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Inbred Lew; RNA, Messenger; Self Administration | 1999 |
Characterization of mechanical withdrawal responses and effects of mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid agonists in normal and mu-opioid receptor knockout mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Nociceptors; Physical Stimulation; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stress, Mechanical; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1999 |
Transport of CSF antibodies to Galpha subunits across neural membranes requires binding to the target protein and protein kinase C activity.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Autoantibodies; Biological Transport; Brain Chemistry; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Epitopes; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go; Immunoblotting; Immunoglobulin G; Injections, Intraventricular; Iodine Radioisotopes; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Morphine; Neurons; Nociceptors; Oligopeptides; Pain; Protein Kinase C; Signal Transduction | 1999 |
Functional blockade of opioid analgesia by orphanin FQ/nociceptin.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Narcotic Antagonists; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nociceptin; Nociceptin Receptor; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Opioid Peptides; Peptide Fragments; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1998 |
Absence of G-protein activation by mu-opioid receptor agonists in the spinal cord of mu-opioid receptor knockout mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Membranes; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Transgenic; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord; Sulfur Radioisotopes; Tritium | 1999 |
Spinal analgesic action of endomorphins in acute, inflammatory and neuropathic pain in rats.
Topics: Acute Disease; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Inflammation; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Pain; Rats; Spinal Cord | 1999 |
Nitrocinnamoyl and chlorocinnamoyl derivatives of dihydrocodeinone: in vivo and in vitro characterization of mu-selective agonist and antagonist activity.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cattle; Cinnamates; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Hydrocodone; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Intraventricular; Ligands; Male; Membranes; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Neostriatum; Pain Measurement; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1999 |
Acute intermittent morphine increases preprodynorphin and kappa opioid receptor mRNA levels in the rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; RNA, Messenger | 1999 |
[A molecular mechanism for supersensitization of adenylyl cyclase system in cloned opioid receptor-transfected cells following sustained opioid treatment].
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Analgesics; Animals; Atropine; Benzeneacetamides; Carbachol; CHO Cells; Clone Cells; Cricetinae; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; GTP Phosphohydrolases; Morphine; Muscarinic Agonists; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Transfection | 1998 |
Antianalgesic action of dynorphin A mediated by spinal cholecystokinin.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Antibodies; Cholecystokinin; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Indoles; Injections, Spinal; Male; Meglumine; Mice; Morphine; Proglumide; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Spinal Cord | 1999 |
Gastric effects of methylnaltrexone on mu, kappa, and delta opioid agonists induced brainstem unitary responses.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Stem; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurons; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Solitary Nucleus; Stomach; Vagus Nerve | 1999 |
Characterization of the decrease of extracellular striatal dopamine induced by intrastriatal morphine administration.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Benzomorphans; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Extracellular Space; Homovanillic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Neostriatum; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1999 |
Topical opioids in mice: analgesia and reversal of tolerance by a topical N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Pain Measurement; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Tail; Tissue Distribution | 1999 |
Antibodies and antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to mu-opioid receptors, selectively block the effects of mu-opioid agonists on intestinal transit and permeability in mice.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Blocking; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Fentanyl; Gastrointestinal Transit; Injections, Intraventricular; Intestinal Absorption; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1999 |
Epidural opioid analgesia in infant rats I: mechanical and heat responses.
Topics: Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Autoradiography; Benzeneacetamides; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sensory Thresholds; Stress, Mechanical | 1999 |
Epidural opioid analgesia in infant rats II: responses to carrageenan and capsaicin.
Topics: Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Benzeneacetamides; Capsaicin; Carrageenan; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Morphine; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1999 |
Dissociation of functional roles of dynamin in receptor-mediated endocytosis and mitogenic signal transduction.
Topics: Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Cell Line; Dynamins; Endocytosis; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Enzyme Activation; Etorphine; GTP Phosphohydrolases; GTP-Binding Proteins; Humans; Morphine; Phosphorylation; Receptors, Opioid; Signal Transduction; Transfection | 1999 |
Genetic alteration of phospholipase C beta3 expression modulates behavioral and cellular responses to mu opioids.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Calcium Channels; Cell Membrane; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Isoenzymes; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Neurons, Afferent; Pain; Phospholipase C beta; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Type C Phospholipases | 1999 |
Synthesis, opioid receptor binding, and biological activities of naltrexone-derived pyrido- and pyrimidomorphinans.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphinans; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Naltrexone; Protein Binding; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Vas Deferens | 1999 |
Morphine coupling to invertebrate immunocyte nitric oxide release is dependent on intracellular calcium transients.
Topics: Animals; Bivalvia; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Fura-2; Hemocytes; Kinetics; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Signal Transduction | 1999 |
What's all the RAVE about receptor internalization?
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Endocytosis; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Humans; Morphine; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Signal Transduction | 1999 |
Functional dissociation of mu opioid receptor signaling and endocytosis: implications for the biology of opiate tolerance and addiction.
Topics: Arrestin; Cell Line; Drug Tolerance; Electrophysiology; Endocytosis; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Flow Cytometry; G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels; Guanine Nucleotides; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Ligands; Morphine; Narcotics; Opioid-Related Disorders; Potassium Channels; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Signal Transduction | 1999 |
Electrophysiological effects of opioid receptor activation on Syrian hamster suprachiasmatic nucleus neurones in vitro.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Clonidine; Cricetinae; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Male; Morphine; N-Methylaspartate; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurons; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Receptors, Opioid; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Time Factors | 1999 |
Met5-enkephalin protects isolated adult rabbit cardiomyocytes via delta-opioid receptors.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Heart; Ischemic Preconditioning; Male; Models, Cardiovascular; Morphine; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardium; Naloxone; Rabbits; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1999 |
ATP-gated K(+) channel openers enhance opioid antinociception: indirect evidence for the release of endogenous opioid peptides.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Adenosine Triphosphate; Analgesics; Animals; Cromakalim; Diazoxide; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Glyburide; Injections, Intraventricular; Ion Channel Gating; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Opioid Peptides; Pain; Potassium Channels; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Somatostatin | 1999 |
Modulatory effect of endogenous and exogenous opioids on the excitatory reflex pathway of the rat ileum.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Peristalsis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid; Somatostatin | 2000 |
Reduction of stress-induced analgesia but not of exogenous opioid effects in mice lacking CB1 receptors.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Dopamine; Electroshock; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Exploratory Behavior; Foot; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Hot Temperature; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Models, Neurological; Morphine; Motor Activity; Nociceptors; Oligopeptides; Pain; Pain Threshold; Receptors, Cannabinoid; Receptors, Drug; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stress, Mechanical; Stress, Physiological; Swimming; Tail; Viscera | 2000 |
Opioids intrinsically inhibit the genesis of mouse cerebellar granule neuron precursors in vitro: differential impact of mu and delta receptor activation on proliferation and neurite elongation.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Antimetabolites; Apoptosis; Bromodeoxyuridine; Cell Differentiation; Cell Division; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; DNA; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Microscopy, Electron; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurites; Neurons; Oligopeptides; Opioid-Related Disorders; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stem Cells | 2000 |
Protein kinase C-mediated acute tolerance to peripheral mu-opioid analgesia in the bradykinin-nociception test in mice.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Blotting, Western; Bradykinin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Down-Regulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enzyme Inhibitors; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nociceptors; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Pain Measurement; Peripheral Nervous System; Protein Kinase C; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2000 |
Cornea-responsive medullary dorsal horn neurons: modulation by local opioids and projections to thalamus and brain stem.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Blinking; Carbon Dioxide; Cornea; Efferent Pathways; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Facial Nerve; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Morphine; Posterior Horn Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stimulation, Chemical; Thalamus; Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus | 2000 |
Running and cocaine both upregulate dynorphin mRNA in medial caudate putamen.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neostriatum; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Inbred Lew; RNA, Messenger; Running; Species Specificity; Substance P | 2000 |
Decreases in endogenous opioid peptides in the rat medullo-coerulear pathway after chronic morphine treatment.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Northern; Blotting, Western; Densitometry; Drug Implants; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microscopy, Electron; Morphine; Neural Pathways; Opioid Peptides; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger | 2000 |
Antianalgesic action of nociceptin originating in the brain is mediated by spinal prostaglandin E(2) in mice.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Dinoprostone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Indomethacin; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nociceptin; Opioid Peptides; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Prostaglandin; Spinal Cord; Substance P | 2001 |
Role of endogenous opioid peptides in protection of ischemic preconditioning in rat small intestine.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Drug Interactions; Edema; Enkephalin, Leucine; Intestinal Diseases; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Small; Ischemia; Ischemic Preconditioning; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Malondialdehyde; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid Peptides; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid; Reperfusion Injury | 2001 |
Inverse agonist action of Leu-enkephalin at delta(2)-opioid receptors mediates spinal antianalgesia.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Benzylidene Compounds; Cholecystokinin; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Male; Mice; Morphine; N-Methylaspartate; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Spinal Cord | 2001 |
Effect of centrally administered opioid receptor agonists on CSF and plasma oxytocin concentrations in dogs.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cross-Over Studies; Dogs; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Oxytocin; Random Allocation; Receptors, Opioid | 2001 |
Mutant mice lacking the cholecystokinin2 receptor show a dopamine-dependent hyperactivity and a behavioral sensitization to morphine.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cholecystokinin; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Dopamine Antagonists; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Enkephalins; Female; Hyperkinesis; Male; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Morphine; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2 | 2001 |
Effects of microiontophoretically-applied opioid peptides on Purkinje cells in the cat cerebellum.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cats; Cerebellum; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Iontophoresis; Male; Morphine; Opioid Peptides; Peptide Fragments; Purkinje Cells | 2000 |
The opioid peptide analogue biphalin induces less physical dependence than morphine.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Enkephalins; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Pentazocine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance-Related Disorders; Weight Loss | 2001 |
Facilitation of enkephalins catabolism inhibitor-induced antinociception by drugs classically used in pain management.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Experimental; Disulfides; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Formaldehyde; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Morphine; Neprilysin; Pain; Pain Measurement; Phenylalanine; Pressure; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time | 2001 |
Absence of delta -9-tetrahydrocannabinol dysphoric effects in dynorphin-deficient mice.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Dronabinol; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Targeting; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Mutant Strains; Morphine; Motivation; Motor Activity; Narcotics; Pain Measurement; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Spatial Behavior; Substance-Related Disorders | 2001 |
Chronic morphine treatment modulates the extracellular levels of endogenous enkephalins in rat brain structures involved in opiate dependence: a microdialysis study.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Cholecystokinin; Conditioning, Psychological; Drug Administration Schedule; Enkephalins; Extracellular Space; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Nucleus Accumbens; Opioid Peptides; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Wakefulness | 2002 |
Delta opioid inhibition of light-induced phase advances in hamster circadian activity rhythms.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Benzamides; Biological Clocks; Circadian Rhythm; Cricetinae; Enkephalins; Light; Male; Mesocricetus; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Opioid Peptides; Piperazines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus | 2002 |
RB101(S), a dual inhibitor of enkephalinases does not induce antinociceptive tolerance, or cross-tolerance with morphine: a c-Fos study at the spinal level.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Disulfides; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Male; Morphine; Phenylalanine; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord | 2002 |
Morphine attenuates pain and prevents inflammation in experimental peritonitis.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Leukocytes; Morphine; Pain; Peritonitis; Protein Precursors; Zymosan | 2002 |
Intrathecally administered big dynorphin, a prodynorphin-derived peptide, produces nociceptive behavior through an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor mechanism.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Injections, Spinal; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mice; Morphine; Neurokinin A; Nociceptors; Peptide Fragments; Piperidines; Protein Precursors; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Tachykinin; Substance P | 2002 |
Pluronic p85 block copolymer enhances opioid peptide analgesia.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; Blood-Brain Barrier; Capillaries; Drug Synergism; Endothelium, Vascular; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Poloxalene; Reaction Time; Solvents | 2002 |
Opioid circuits originating from the nucleus paragigantocellularis and their potential role in opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Narcotics; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Solitary Nucleus; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2002 |
[Respiratory and hemodynamic responses to microinjections of opioids into the solitary tract nucleus].
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Female; Hemodynamics; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Rats; Respiration; Solitary Nucleus | 1997 |
Genetic dissociation of opiate tolerance and physical dependence in delta-opioid receptor-1 and preproenkephalin knock-out mice.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Gene Targeting; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; N-Methylaspartate; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2002 |
Transgene-mediated enkephalin release enhances the effect of morphine and evades tolerance to produce a sustained antiallodynic effect in neuropathic pain.
Topics: Animals; Area Under Curve; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Genetic Vectors; Immunohistochemistry; Ligation; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oncogene Proteins v-fos; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Simplexvirus; Spinal Cord Diseases; Time Factors; Transgenes | 2003 |
Ligand-selective activation of mu-oid receptor: demonstrated with deletion and single amino acid mutations of third intracellular loop domain.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Alanine; Analgesics, Opioid; Cells, Cultured; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Gene Deletion; Humans; Membrane Proteins; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Pertussis Toxin; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2003 |
Modulation of GABA release during morphine withdrawal in midbrain neurons in vitro.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adenosine; Affinity Labels; Animals; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Dipyridamole; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Isoquinolines; Male; Mesencephalon; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periaqueductal Gray; Probenecid; Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sulfonamides; Synaptic Transmission; Thioinosine; Time Factors; Uricosuric Agents; Vasodilator Agents; Xanthines | 2003 |
Heme oxygenase type 2 modulates behavioral and molecular changes during chronic exposure to morphine.
Topics: Animals; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); Hyperalgesia; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Pain; Protein Precursors; Reaction Time; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord | 2003 |
Nonopioidergic mechanism mediating morphine-induced antianalgesia in the mouse spinal cord.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Oligopeptides; Pain; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord; Substance P | 2004 |
Opiate-like effects of sugar on gene expression in reward areas of the rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Down-Regulation; Enkephalins; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Profiling; Male; Morphine; Neural Pathways; Nucleus Accumbens; Opioid Peptides; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Dopamine D3; Reward; RNA, Messenger; Substance-Related Disorders; Sucrose; Tachykinins; Up-Regulation | 2004 |
Expression of proopiomelanocortin and proenkephalin mRNA in sexually dimorphic brain regions are altered in adult male and female rats treated prenatally with morphine.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; Estradiol; Female; Hypothalamus; In Situ Hybridization; Limbic System; Male; Morphine; Ovariectomy; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Progesterone; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger | 2004 |
The antinociceptive effect of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the arthritic rat.
Topics: Animals; Arthritis, Experimental; Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dronabinol; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Freund's Adjuvant; Injections, Intradermal; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Morphine; Mycobacterium; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain; Pain Measurement; Piperidines; Pyrazoles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Receptors, Opioid; Rimonabant | 2004 |
Repeated peripheral electrical stimulations suppress both morphine-induced CPP and reinstatement of extinguished CPP in rats: accelerated expression of PPE and PPD mRNA in NAc implicated.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Dynorphins; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalins; Extinction, Psychological; Gene Expression Regulation; Hindlimb; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Narcotics; Nucleus Accumbens; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Time Factors | 2004 |
Effects of intrathecal BAM22 on noxious stimulus-evoked c-fos expression in the rat spinal dorsal horn.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cell Count; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Formaldehyde; Gene Expression Regulation; Hot Temperature; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Neurons; Pain; Pain Measurement; Physical Stimulation; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord | 2004 |
Differential mechanisms of antianalgesia induced by endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 in the ventral periaqueductal gray of the rat.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cholecystokinin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance P | 2005 |
Pronociceptive role of dynorphins in uninjured animals: N-ethylmaleimide-induced nociceptive behavior mediated through inhibition of dynorphin degradation.
Topics: Agmatine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biguanides; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ethylmaleimide; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Immune Sera; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Narcotics; Nociceptin Receptor; Piperidines; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord; Time Factors | 2005 |
Analgesic activity of enkephalins following intracerebral administration in the rat.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Antagonism; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tail | 1977 |
Induction of delta-opioid receptor function in the midbrain after chronic morphine treatment.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Arrestins; beta-Arrestin 2; beta-Arrestins; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Isoquinolines; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Neurons; Oligopeptides; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periaqueductal Gray; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Strychnine; Sulfonamides; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors; Xanthines | 2005 |
Endogenous enkephalins, not endorphins, modulate basal hedonic state in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; beta-Endorphin; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Lithium Chloride; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Protein Precursors; Reaction Time | 2005 |
Maternal deprivation increases vulnerability to morphine dependence and disturbs the enkephalinergic system in adulthood.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Autoradiography; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Choice Behavior; Conditioning, Psychological; Dialysis; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drinking Behavior; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; In Situ Hybridization; Maternal Deprivation; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Narcotics; Nucleus Accumbens; Pregnancy; Protein Precursors; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, Opioid, mu; RNA, Messenger; Self Administration; Sucrose; Time Factors; Tritium | 2005 |
Morphine-induced changes in the activity of proopiomelanocortin and prodynorphin systems in zymosan-induced peritonitis in mice.
Topics: Animals; Cell Proliferation; Enkephalins; Leukocytes; Male; Mice; Morphine; Peritonitis; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; RNA, Messenger; Zymosan | 2005 |
Naloxone's suppression of spontaneous and food-conditioned locomotor activity is diminished in mice lacking either the dopamine D(2) receptor or enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Classical; Crosses, Genetic; Enkephalins; Feeding Behavior; Genotype; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Receptors, Dopamine D2 | 2005 |
Recombinant herpes vector-mediated analgesia in a primate model of hyperalgesia.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Genetic Therapy; Genetic Vectors; Hyperalgesia; Macaca; Morphine; Nociceptors; Reaction Time; Simplexvirus; Skin | 2006 |
Absence of quasi-morphine withdrawal syndrome in adenosine A2A receptor knockout mice.
Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Corpus Striatum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Exploratory Behavior; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Receptors, Opioid, mu; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2006 |
Differential involvement of enkephalins in analgesic tolerance, locomotor sensitization, and conditioned place preference induced by morphine.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Choice Behavior; Conditioning, Psychological; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Locomotion; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Spatial Behavior | 2006 |
Mu opioid receptor-effector coupling and trafficking in dorsal root ganglia neurons.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Baclofen; Cells, Cultured; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Flow Cytometry; GABA Agonists; Ganglia, Spinal; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Transport; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Time Factors; Transfection | 2006 |
Vibrational dynamics of morphine in relation to Leu5--and Met5-enkephalins.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Binding Sites; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; In Vitro Techniques; Molecular Structure; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Spectrum Analysis, Raman | 2006 |
Modulation of the endogenous opioid system after morphine self-administration and during its extinction: a study in Lewis and Fischer 344 rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Autoradiography; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Extinction, Psychological; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Inbred Lew; Receptors, Opioid; Self Administration; Time Factors; Tritium | 2007 |
[Differential reversal effect of intrathecal bovine adrenal medulla peptide 22 on morphine tolerance in rats].
Topics: Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Morphine; Pain; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled | 2006 |
Effects of prolonged treatment with the opiate tramadol on prodynorphin gene expression in rat CNS.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Blotting, Northern; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Morphine; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; RNA; RNA, Messenger; Tramadol | 2006 |
Mild postnatal manipulation reduces proenkephalin mRNA in the striatum in developing mice and increases morphine conditioned place preference in adulthood.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Anxiety; Brain Chemistry; Conditioning, Operant; Enkephalins; Female; In Situ Hybridization; Mice; Morphine; Motor Activity; Neostriatum; Nucleus Accumbens; Pain Measurement; Protein Precursors; Reaction Time; RNA, Messenger | 2007 |
A tarantula peptide against pain via ASIC1a channels and opioid mechanisms.
Topics: Acid Sensing Ion Channels; Analgesics; Animals; Area Under Curve; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Pain; Pain Measurement; Peptides; Protein Precursors; Reaction Time; Sodium Channels; Spider Venoms; Spinal Cord; Time Factors | 2007 |
Enkephalin release promotes homeostatic increases in constitutively active mu opioid receptors during morphine withdrawal.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Operant; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Enkephalins; Homeostasis; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2007 |
Use of preproenkephalin knockout mice and selective inhibitors of enkephalinases to investigate the role of enkephalins in various behaviours.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; CD13 Antigens; Disulfides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Injections, Intravenous; Mice; Mice, Inbred DBA; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neprilysin; Phenylalanine; Protein Precursors; Swimming | 2008 |
Intrathecal antinociceptive interaction between the NMDA antagonist ketamine and the opioids, morphine and biphalin.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hot Temperature; Injections, Spinal; Ketamine; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Opioid; Tail | 2008 |
Transgene-mediated enkephalin expression attenuates signs of naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal in rats with neuropathic pain.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genetic Vectors; Ligation; Lumbar Vertebrae; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Pain Threshold; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Simplexvirus; Spinal Nerve Roots; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Transgenes | 2009 |
Differential regulation of morphine antinociceptive effects by endogenous enkephalinergic system in the forebrain of mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Pain; Pain Threshold; Prosencephalon; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2008 |
Peripheral antinociceptive effects of mu- and delta-opioid receptor agonists in NOS2 and NOS1 knockout mice during chronic inflammatory pain.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Chronic Disease; Edema; Enkephalins; Freund's Adjuvant; Hyperalgesia; Inflammation; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Pain; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Time Factors | 2009 |
Enkephalin derivative, cyclo[Nepsilon,Nbeta-carbonyl-D-Lys2, Dap5] enkephalinamide (cUENK6), induces a highly potent antinociception in rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Morphine; Pain; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 2009 |
Effects of neonatal stress and morphine on kappa opioid receptor signaling.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct; Gene Silencing; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Gliosis; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Oxidative Stress; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Signal Transduction | 2009 |
Adolescent exposure to chronic delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol blocks opiate dependence in maternally deprived rats.
Topics: Aging; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Conditioning, Classical; Dronabinol; Enkephalins; Male; Maternal Deprivation; Morphine; Opioid-Related Disorders; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Receptors, Opioid, mu; RNA, Messenger; Self Administration; Space Perception; Time Factors | 2009 |
Morphine-induced conditioned place preference in rats is inhibited by electroacupuncture at 2 Hz: role of enkephalin in the nucleus accumbens.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dynorphins; Electroacupuncture; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Nucleus Accumbens; Peptide Fragments; Peptides; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reinforcement, Psychology; Self Administration; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors | 2010 |
Mice lacking the G protein gamma3-subunit show resistance to opioids and diet induced obesity.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Dietary Fats; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Resistance; Eating; Enkephalins; Female; Food Preferences; GTP-Binding Protein gamma Subunits; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Obesity; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sex Characteristics; Signal Transduction; Weight Gain | 2009 |
Multi-component signaling complexes of the delta-opioid receptor with STAT5B and G proteins.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics, Opioid; Cell Line, Transformed; Conserved Sequence; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; GTP-Binding Proteins; Humans; Immunoprecipitation; Morphine; Mutation; Pertussis Toxin; Phosphorylation; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein Subunits; Pyrazoles; Pyrimidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Signal Transduction; STAT5 Transcription Factor; Transfection; Tyrosine | 2010 |
Induction of FosB/DeltaFosB in the brain stress system-related structures during morphine dependence and withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stress, Physiological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2010 |
A comparative study of morphine stimulation and biphalin inhibition of human glioblastoma T98G cell proliferation in vitro.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Drug Design; Enkephalins; Glioblastoma; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Ki-67 Antigen; Kinetics; Morphine; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Opioid-Related Disorders; Receptors, Opioid; Tumor Stem Cell Assay | 2010 |
Interactive comorbidity between opioid drug abuse and HIV-1 Tat: chronic exposure augments spine loss and sublethal dendritic pathology in striatal neurons.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Western; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Dendritic Spines; Enkephalins; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Immunohistochemistry; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Morphine; Narcotics; Neurons; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus | 2010 |
Lack of a rewarding effect and a locomotor-enhancing effect of the selective μ-opioid receptor agonist amidino-TAPA.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Enkephalins; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Motor Activity; Oligopeptides; Pain; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reward; Time Factors | 2010 |
Relationship between vulnerability to reinforcing effects of morphine and activity of the endogenous cholecystokinin system in Lewis and Fischer rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cholecystokinin; Conditioning, Psychological; Enkephalins; Hormone Antagonists; Indoles; Male; Meglumine; Morphine; Narcotics; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Reinforcement, Psychology | 2012 |
Backbone alignment modeling of the structure-activity relationships of opioid ligands.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Enkephalin, Leucine; Ligands; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Mimicry; Morphine; Opioid Peptides; Receptors, Opioid; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2011 |
Maternal cannabis use alters ventral striatal dopamine D2 gene regulation in the offspring.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Conditioning, Psychological; Dronabinol; Enkephalins; Epigenesis, Genetic; Female; Fetus; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Humans; Male; Marijuana Abuse; Morphine; Nucleus Accumbens; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Precursors; Radioligand Assay; Radionuclide Imaging; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Reward; Smoking | 2011 |
Neuroprotective potential of biphalin, multireceptor opioid peptide, against excitotoxic injury in hippocampal organotypic culture.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Hippocampus; Morphine; N-Methylaspartate; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neuroprotective Agents; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 2011 |
Mitragynine attenuates withdrawal syndrome in morphine-withdrawn zebrafish.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Psychological; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Hydrocortisone; Male; Morphine; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; RNA, Messenger; Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids; Spatial Behavior; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Swimming; Zebrafish | 2011 |
Antinociceptive profile of potent opioid peptide AM94, a fluorinated analogue of biphalin with non-hydrazine linker.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Opioid Peptides; Protein Structure, Secondary; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2013 |
Glucocorticoids regulation of FosB/ΔFosB expression induced by chronic opiate exposure in the brain stress system.
Topics: Adrenalectomy; Amygdala; Animals; Corticosterone; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; Morphine; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Opioid-Related Disorders; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Septal Nuclei; Solitary Nucleus | 2012 |
Maternally administered sustained-release naltrexone in rats affects offspring neurochemistry and behaviour in adulthood.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Delayed-Action Preparations; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Neostriatum; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Self Administration | 2012 |
Comparison of the transcriptional responses induced by acute morphine, methadone and buprenorphine.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Buprenorphine; Enkephalins; Male; Methadone; Morphine; Neostriatum; Nociceptin Receptor; Nucleus Accumbens; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; RNA, Messenger; Thalamus; Transcription, Genetic | 2013 |
Early modulation by the dopamine D4 receptor of morphine-induced changes in the opioid peptide systems in the rat caudate putamen.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Morphine; Opioid Peptides; Putamen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D4; Receptors, Opioid, mu; RNA, Messenger | 2013 |
Targeted expression of μ-opioid receptors in a subset of striatal direct-pathway neurons restores opiate reward.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Exploratory Behavior; Flow Cytometry; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microdialysis; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Pain; Pain Measurement; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2014 |
Dopamine D₄ receptor counteracts morphine-induced changes in µ opioid receptor signaling in the striosomes of the rat caudate putamen.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Dopamine Agonists; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Putamen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D4; Receptors, Opioid, mu; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction | 2014 |
μ-Opioid receptor attenuates Aβ oligomers-induced neurotoxicity through mTOR signaling.
Topics: Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Blotting, Western; Cell Enlargement; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Enkephalins; Morphine; Narcotics; Neurites; Neurons; Peptide Fragments; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Signal Transduction; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases | 2015 |
Upregulation of pronociceptive mediators and downregulation of opioid peptide by adrenomedullin following chronic exposure to morphine in rats.
Topics: Adrenomedullin; Animals; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Hyperalgesia; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Peptide Fragments; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Adrenomedullin; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2014 |
The non-opioid receptor, antioxidant properties of morphine and the opioid peptide analog biphalin.
Topics: Benzothiazoles; Enkephalins; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Sulfonic Acids | 2015 |
Enkephalin analog, cyclo[N(ε),N(β)-carbonyl-D-Lys(2),Dap(5)] enkephalinamide (cUENK6), inhibits the ethanol withdrawal-induced anxiety-like behavior in rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous System Depressants; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2015 |
Antagonism of κ opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens prevents the depressive-like behaviors following prolonged morphine abstinence.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Nucleus Accumbens; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2015 |
Expression levels of OPRM1 and PDYN in human SH-SY5Y cells treated with morphine and methadone.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Cell Line; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Humans; Methadone; Morphine; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, mu; RNA, Messenger | 2016 |
Biphalin preferentially recruits peripheral opioid receptors to facilitate analgesia in a mouse model of cancer pain - A comparison with morphine.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Cancer Pain; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Male; Melanoma, Experimental; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Naloxone; Opioid Peptides; Permeability; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Receptors, Opioid; Skin Neoplasms | 2016 |
Nanoparticulate peptide delivery exclusively to the brain produces tolerance free analgesia.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Conditioning, Psychological; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; Hyperalgesia; Male; Morphine; Nanoparticles; Pain; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2018 |
Overexpression of µ-Opioid Receptors in Peripheral Afferents, but Not in Combination with Enkephalin, Decreases Neuropathic Pain Behavior and Enhances Opioid Analgesia in Mouse.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Female; Herpesvirus 1, Human; Male; Mice; Morphine; Neuralgia; Neurons, Afferent; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2018 |
A new painkiller nanomedicine to bypass the blood-brain barrier and the use of morphine.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Enkephalin, Leucine; Hyperalgesia; Male; Mice; Molecular Structure; Morphine; Nanoparticles; Rats; Squalene; Theranostic Nanomedicine; Tissue Distribution | 2019 |
Incisional Injury Modulates Morphine Reward and Morphine-Primed Reinstatement: A Role of Kappa Opioid Receptor Activation.
Topics: Acute Pain; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Extinction, Psychological; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain Threshold; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Reward; Signal Transduction; Wounds, Penetrating | 2020 |
Intranasal Leptin Prevents Opioid-induced Sleep-disordered Breathing in Obese Mice.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Leptin; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Obese; Morphine; Motor Neurons; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Respiration; Sleep; Sleep Apnea Syndromes; Synaptic Transmission | 2020 |
Pharmacological characterization of the cloned kappa-, delta-, and mu-opioid receptors.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Binding Sites; Cell Line; CHO Cells; Cloning, Molecular; Cricetinae; Ligands; PC12 Cells; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Software | 1994 |
Cloning and pharmacological characterization of a rat kappa opioid receptor.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Cloning, Molecular; Corpus Striatum; Cyclic AMP; DNA Primers; DNA, Complementary; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Gene Library; In Situ Hybridization; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Kinetics; Ligands; Molecular Sequence Data; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Restriction Mapping; RNA, Messenger; Transfection | 1993 |
Standard binding and functional assays related to medications development division testing for potential cocaine and opiate narcotic treatment medications.
Topics: Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Cocaine; Cyclic AMP; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Muscle, Smooth; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Serotonin; Substance-Related Disorders | 1998 |