enkephalin, leucine has been researched along with gamma-aminobutyric acid in 265 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 108 (40.75) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 94 (35.47) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 48 (18.11) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 14 (5.28) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (0.38) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Starr, MS | 1 |
| Duggan, AW | 2 |
| Barker, JL; Smith, TG | 1 |
| Burnstock, G; Gershon, MD; Hökfelt, T; Iversen, LL; Kosterlitz, HW; Szurszewski, JH | 1 |
| Moore, KE; Wuerthele, SM | 1 |
| Hattori, T; McGeer, EG; McGeer, PL | 1 |
| Kuriyama, K | 1 |
| Biggio, G; Casu, M; Corda, MG; Gessa, GL | 1 |
| Costa, E; Fratta, W; Hong, JS; Moroni, F; Yang, HY | 1 |
| Sastry, BR | 1 |
| Fry, JP; Zieglgänsberger, W | 1 |
| Duggan, AW; Hall, JG; Headley, PM | 1 |
| Atterwill, CK; Costa, E; Green, AR; Hong, JS; Mao, CC; Peralta, E | 1 |
| Bradley, PB; Gayton, RJ; Lambert, LA | 1 |
| Barker, JL; Neale, JH; Smith, TG | 1 |
| Fessler, RG; Meltzer, HY; Simonovic, M | 1 |
| Demling, L; Domschke, S; Domschke, W; Mitznegg, P; Sprügel, W; Subramanian, N; Wünsch, E | 1 |
| Jiang, ZG; North, RA | 1 |
| Kelly, MJ; Loose, MD; Ronnekleiv, OK | 1 |
| Kanazawa, I | 1 |
| Johnson, SW; North, RA | 1 |
| Dunwiddie, TV; Lupica, CR; Proctor, WR | 1 |
| Agnati, LF; Carani, C; Cintra, A; Fuxe, K; Li, XM; Merlo Pich, E; O'Connor, WT; Tanganelli, S; Tinner, B; Von Euler, G | 1 |
| Agarwala, S; May, JG; Moore, JK; Petry, HM | 1 |
| Besnard, F; Bigornia, V; Bishop, JM; Brenner, M; Deschepper, CF; Radany, EH | 1 |
| Airaksinen, MS; Alanen, S; Panula, P; Szabat, E; Visser, TJ | 1 |
| Basbaum, AI; Liu, H; Llewellyn-Smith, IJ; Pilowsky, P | 1 |
| Beauvillain, JC; Mazzuca, M; Mitchell, V | 1 |
| Eldred, WD; Zhang, D | 1 |
| Höllt, V; Reimer, S | 1 |
| Dunwiddie, TV; Lupica, CR | 1 |
| Barnes, MI; Hong, JS; Hudson, PM; Mitchell, CL | 1 |
| Dowling, JE; Umino, O | 1 |
| Li, ZY; Luo, LG; Zhao, BG; Zhao, W | 1 |
| Reiner, A | 2 |
| Boelen, MK; Chubb, IW; Dowton, M; Morgan, IG; Wellard, J | 1 |
| Otsuka, M; Yanagisawa, M | 1 |
| Furness, JB; Messenger, JP | 1 |
| Carpenter, MB; Jayaraman, A | 1 |
| Kachidian, P; Marlier, L; Poulat, P; Privat, A | 1 |
| Austin, MC; Hagler, H; Kalivas, PW; Klitenick, MA | 1 |
| Besson, MJ; Caboche, J; Julien, JF; Mallet, J; Rogard, M; Vernier, P | 1 |
| Beauvillain, JC; Mazzuca, M; Mitchell, V; Tramu, G | 1 |
| Watt, CB | 1 |
| Alberch, J; Arenas, E; Marsal, J; Pérez-Navarro, E; Solsona, C | 1 |
| Altschuler, RA; Eybalin, M | 1 |
| Osborne, PB; Pan, ZZ; Williams, JT | 1 |
| Lam, DM; Li, HB; Watt, CB | 1 |
| Dziedzicka, M; Lasoń, W; Przewlocka, B | 1 |
| DiFiglia, M; Roberts, RC | 2 |
| Alberch, J; Arenas, E; Marsal, J | 1 |
| Giros, B; Llorens-Cortes, C; Quach, TT; Schwartz, JC | 1 |
| Boon, ME; Kok, LP; Wouterlood, FG | 1 |
| Matsuzaki, A | 1 |
| Agnoli, A; De Marinis, M | 1 |
| Mizuno, N; Sugimoto, T | 1 |
| Chalupa, LM; Hendry, SH; Huntley, GW; Jones, EG; Killackey, HP | 1 |
| Bijlani, V; Rizvi, TA; Wadhwa, S | 1 |
| Otsuka, M | 1 |
| Booth, AM; de Groat, WC; Kawatani, M; Whitney, T | 1 |
| Henry, JL; Sessle, BJ | 1 |
| Ball, AK; Weiler, R | 1 |
| Giles, TD; Given, MB; Lowe, RF; Sander, GE | 1 |
| Cools, AR; Cuypers, E; Spooren, WP | 1 |
| Mize, RR | 1 |
| Austin, MC; Kalivas, PW | 1 |
| Moises, HC; Walker, JM | 1 |
| Bauer, B; Ehinger, B; Tornqvist, K; Waga, J | 1 |
| Burrows, GD; Judd, FK; Norman, TR | 1 |
| Lam, DM; Li, HB; Su, YY; Watt, CB | 1 |
| Holstein, GR; Pasik, P; Pasik, T | 1 |
| Inagaki, S; Kito, S; Kubota, Y; Wu, JY | 1 |
| Chavkin, C; Neumaier, JF; Swearengen, E | 1 |
| Jordan, W; Vidal, C; Zieglgänsberger, W | 1 |
| Lam, DM; Su, YY; Watt, CB | 1 |
| Fry, KR; Lam, DM; Su, YY; Watt, CB | 1 |
| Kita, H; Kitai, ST; Surmeier, DJ | 1 |
| Cupo, A; Jarry, T; Vion-Dury, J | 1 |
| Dewar, D; Jenner, P; Marsden, CD | 1 |
| Lam, DM; Li, T; Watt, CB; Wu, SM | 2 |
| Antón, B; Bayón, A; Leff, P; Solano, S | 1 |
| Kraras, CM; Lathers, CM; Tumer, N | 1 |
| Hong, JS; Sivam, SP | 1 |
| Dury, JV; Jadot, G; Mesdjian, E; Tamalet, C; Valli, M | 1 |
| Antón, B; Bayón, A | 1 |
| De Groat, WC; Kawatani, M; Rutigliano, MJ | 1 |
| McGeer, EG; McGeer, PL | 1 |
| Herz, A; Osborne, H | 1 |
| Versteeg, DH | 1 |
| Chin, CA; Djamgoz, MB; Lam, DM; Stell, WK | 1 |
| Blatteis, CM | 1 |
| Trams, EG | 1 |
| Costa, E | 1 |
| Chan-Palay, V; Ito, M; Palay, S; Sakurai, M; Tongroach, P | 1 |
| Bulaev, VM; Ostrovskaia, RU; Zakusov, VV | 1 |
| Albertson, TE; Peterson, SL | 1 |
| Peterson, NA; Raghupathy, E; Rhoads, DE | 1 |
| Sutor, B; Zieglgänsberger, W | 1 |
| Chesselet, MF | 1 |
| Graybiel, AM | 1 |
| Wenk, GL | 1 |
| Wilson, PR; Yaksh, TL | 1 |
| Glowinski, J | 1 |
| Crossman, AR; Lee, LA; Slater, P | 1 |
| Palkovits, M | 1 |
| Arregui, A; Barer, GR; Emson, PC | 1 |
| Emson, PC; Hunt, SP; Kelly, JS; Kimmel, JR; Miller, RJ; Wu, JY | 1 |
| Forchetti, CM; Marco, EJ; Meek, JL | 1 |
| Cuello, AC; Matthews, MR; Priestley, JV | 1 |
| Zieglgänsberger, W | 1 |
| Herken, H | 1 |
| Miura, M; Okada, J | 1 |
| Cuello, AC | 1 |
| Halász, N; Shepherd, GM | 1 |
| Brecha, N; Karten, HJ | 1 |
| Fujiwara, T; Komuro, T; Uehara, Y | 1 |
| Kubo, T; Matsunaga, T; Nomura, I; Senba, E; Shiotani, Y; Shiraishi, T; Tohyama, M; Wu, JY | 1 |
| Bradley, RH; Kitai, ST; Wu, JY | 1 |
| Bloom, FE; Iversen, LL; Iversen, SD | 1 |
| Williams, J; Zieglgänsberger, W | 1 |
| Labella, FS; Sawynok, J | 1 |
| Williams, JT; Zieglgänsberger, W | 1 |
| Cupello, A; Hydén, H | 1 |
| Masukawa, LM; Prince, DA | 1 |
| Booth, AM; de Groat, WC; Nagel, JR; Ostrowski, NL; Simonds, WF; Thor, KB | 1 |
| Krystal, JH; Redmond, DE | 1 |
| Mazurkiewicz, JE; Messer, A | 1 |
| Aronin, N; Difiglia, M; Graveland, GA; Schwartz, WJ; Wu, JY | 1 |
| Ito, J; Matsuoka, I; Sasa, M; Takahashi, H; Takaori, S | 1 |
| Dingledine, R | 1 |
| Costa, E; Harsing, LG; Yang, HY | 1 |
| Macdonald, RL; Werz, MA | 1 |
| Andini, S; Di Bello, C; Ferrara, L; Napolitano, R; Paolillo, L | 1 |
| Assaf, SY; Fan, SG; Iversen, LL; Lee, CM | 1 |
| Kaakkola, S | 1 |
| Barbeau, A; Izumi, K; Munekata, E; Nakanishi, T; Wong, P; Yamamoto, H; Yoshida, M | 1 |
| Barbeau, A; Izumi, K; Munekata, E; Nakanishi, T; Yamamoto, H | 1 |
| Imura, H; Katakami, H; Kato, Y; Matsushita, N; Shimatsu, A | 1 |
| Brennan, MJ; Cantrill, RC; Wylie, BA | 2 |
| Duka, T; Herz, A; Wüster, M | 1 |
| Churchill, L; Kalivas, PW; Klitenick, MA | 1 |
| Bagnoli, P; Ciocchetti, A; Erichsen, JT; Fontanesi, G | 1 |
| Heizmann, CW; Laing, I; Schmidt, HH; Todd, AJ | 1 |
| Arvidsson, U; Hökfelt, T; Ramírez-León, V; Ulfhake, B; Verhofstad, AA; Visser, TJ | 1 |
| Jenner, P; Jolkkonen, J; Marsden, CD | 1 |
| Pickel, VM; Sesack, SR | 1 |
| Leranth, C; Shanabrough, M; Szeidemann, Z | 1 |
| Guminski, BJ; Hooks, MS; Kalivas, PW; Sorg, BA | 1 |
| Gil-Loyzaga, PE | 1 |
| Bell, K; Churchill, L; Kalivas, PW | 1 |
| Atsumi, S; Kawate, T; Sakamoto, H; Zhai, XY | 1 |
| Guan, JL; Nakai, Y; Wang, QP | 2 |
| Chieng, B; Christie, MJ | 1 |
| Lupica, CR | 1 |
| Cunningham, JR; Neal, MJ; Paterson, SJ | 1 |
| Soghomonian, JJ | 1 |
| Augood, SJ; Emson, PC; Faull, RL; Westmore, K | 1 |
| Groenewegen, HJ; Meredith, GE; Pennartz, CM | 1 |
| Churchill, L; Kalivas, PW | 1 |
| Glazebrook, PA; Watt, CB | 1 |
| Kumazawa, T; Ohnishi, S; Ohtani, M; Yamashita, T | 1 |
| Moore, RY; Speh, JC | 1 |
| Florack, VJ; Watt, CB | 1 |
| Mulder, AH; Ronken, E; Schoffelmeer, AN | 1 |
| Aloyz, RS; Bawab, W; Crine, P; DesGroseillers, L; Roques, BP | 1 |
| Lambert, NA; Wilson, WA | 1 |
| Brotchie, JM; Crossman, AR; Maneuf, YP; Mitchell, IJ | 1 |
| Capogna, M; Gähwiler, BH; Thompson, SM | 1 |
| Dobó, E; Joó, F; Wolff, JR | 1 |
| Nakai, Y; Wang, QP | 1 |
| Glen, RC; Payne, AW | 1 |
| North, RA; Piguet, P | 1 |
| Rekling, JC | 1 |
| Carlberg, M; Dyakonova, V; Elofsson, R; Sakharov, D | 1 |
| Font, C; Hoogland, PV; Martínez-García, F; Pérez-Clausell, J; Vermeulen van der Zee, E | 1 |
| Risold, PY; Swanson, LW | 1 |
| Avoli, M; Barbarosie, M; Köhling, R; Lopantsev, V; Lücke, A; Nagao, T | 1 |
| Feldman, JL; Johnson, SM; Smith, JC | 1 |
| Commons, KG; Milner, TA | 2 |
| Lam, ET; Webb, SE; Yew, DT | 1 |
| Kelly, MJ; Lagrange, AH; Rønnekleiv, OK; Wagner, EJ | 1 |
| Avoli, M; Barbarosie, M; Köhling, R | 1 |
| Chan, J; Van Bockstaele, EJ | 1 |
| De Vries, TJ; Mulder, AH; Nestby, P; Schoffelmeer, AN; Tjon, GH; Vanderschuren, LJ; Wardeh, G | 1 |
| Clero, E; Costentin, J; Dourmap, N | 1 |
| Albe-Fessard, D; Cesaro, P | 1 |
| Borsook, D; Falkowski, O; Smirnova, O | 1 |
| Krantis, A; Nichols, K; Staines, W | 1 |
| Behbehani, MM; Hall, CW | 1 |
| Lupica, CR; Svoboda, KR | 1 |
| Iakimovskiĭ, AF | 1 |
| Commons, KG; Kow, LM; Milner, TA; Pfaff, DW | 1 |
| Beitz, AJ; Hamdi, A; Mahmoud, MS; Renno, WM | 1 |
| Gonzalo-Ruiz, A; Morte, L; Romero, JC; Sanz, JM | 1 |
| Dixon, AK; Freeman, TC; Gubitz, AK; Richardson, PJ | 1 |
| Akil, H; Curran, EJ; Day, HE; Watson, SJ | 1 |
| Kaneko, T; Mizuno, N; Taki, K | 1 |
| Gonzalo-Ruiz, A; Morte, L | 1 |
| Chan, WY; Fan, M; Kwong, WH; Lee, KK; Yew, DT | 1 |
| Beck, SG; Commons, KG; Rudoy, C; Van Bockstaele, EJ | 1 |
| Abrahamson, EE; Moore, RY | 1 |
| Commons, KG; Pfaff, DW | 1 |
| Barami, K; Hutchins, KD; Lyman, WD | 1 |
| Han, H; Liu, G; Shangguan, D; Zhao, R; Zhao, Y | 1 |
| Kozicz, T; Lázár, G | 1 |
| Blanchard, JH; Morin, LP | 1 |
| Guyenet, PG; Llewellyn-Smith, IJ; Schreihofer, AM | 1 |
| Renno, WM | 1 |
| Eybalin, M; Kammen-Jolly, K; Kong, WJ; Scholtz, AW; Schrott-Fischer, A | 1 |
| Gröschel, M; Leemhuis, J; Meyer, DK; Mörl, F | 1 |
| Gao, X; Huang, YL; Ji, GC; Wu, GC; Zhang, YQ; Zhao, ZQ | 1 |
| Arrang, JM; Héron, A; Ortiz, J; Pillot, C; Ridray, S; Schwartz, JC | 1 |
| Guyenet, PG; Pelaez, NM; Schreihofer, AM | 1 |
| Johnson, SW; Zheng, F | 1 |
| Khaing, ZZ; Lerman, DN; Lipska, BK; Weickert, CS; Weinberger, DR | 1 |
| Christie, MJ; Hack, SP; Vaughan, CW | 1 |
| Damier, P; Drapier, S | 1 |
| Fujiyama, F; Jia, Y; Ju, G; Liu, HL; Liu, JP; Liu, YY; Wei, XY; Wong-Riley, MT | 1 |
| An, JJ; Bae, MH; Baik, JH; Borrelli, E; Cho, SR; Choi, SH; Kim, YN; Lee, BH; Lee, SH; Park, KW; Shin, HS | 1 |
| Carrillo, GD; Doupe, AJ | 1 |
| Nagai, C | 1 |
| Bagley, EE; Chieng, BC; Christie, MJ; Hack, SP | 1 |
| Endepols, H; Mühlenbrock-Lenter, S; Roth, G; Walkowiak, W | 1 |
| Cauli, B; Férézou, I; Gibelin, N; Hill, EL; Kaneko, T; Lambolez, B; Rossier, J | 1 |
| Kang-Park, MH; Kieffer, BL; Moore, SD; Roberts, AJ; Siggins, GR | 1 |
| Bey, V; Burkey, AR; Commons, KG; Evans, JM | 1 |
| Dagostino, P; Katz, J; Soghomonian, JJ; Wang, H | 1 |
| Chen, JM; Lin, BC; Liu, WY; Xu, HT; Yang, J; Yang, Y | 1 |
| Eybalin, M; Glueckert, R; Kammen-Jolly, K; Rask-Andersen, H; Scholtz, A; Schrott-Fischer, A | 1 |
| Gieryk, A; Przewłocki, R; Schneider, T; Tyminska, A; Ziòłkowska, B | 1 |
| Cunha, RA; Ferré, S; Fisone, G; Moresco, R; Schiffmann, SN | 1 |
| Annalisa, P; Carta, AR; Frau, L; Lucia, F; Micaela, M; Morelli, M; Nicola, S; Nicoletta, S; Pinna, A; Pontis, S; Schintu, N; Silvia, P; Simola, N | 1 |
| Abshire, SM; Cameron, AA; Duale, H; Hou, S; Lyttle, TS; Rabchevsky, AG | 1 |
| Azdad, K; Ciruela, F; Cunha, R; Ferré, S; Franco, R; Lluis, C; Popoli, P; Quiroz, C; Schiffmann, SN; Woods, AS | 1 |
| Huang, J; Li, YQ; Tamamaki, N; Wang, W; Wang, YY; Wu, SX | 1 |
| Castro, AR; Lima, D; Pinto, M; Tavares, I; Tshudy, F; Wilson, SP | 1 |
| Huang, J; Li, Y; Wang, W; Wang, Y; Wei, Y; Wu, S | 1 |
| Chen, TC; Cheng, YY; Shyu, BC; Sun, WZ | 1 |
| Dalezios, Y; Fuentealba, P; Klausberger, T; Márton, LF; Rockland, K; Somogyi, P; Studer, M; Tomioka, R | 1 |
| Fink, DJ; Mata, M; Wolfe, D | 1 |
| Allen, KL; Faull, RL; Glass, M; Waldvogel, HJ | 1 |
| Chu, J; Lin, BC; Liu, WY; Wang, G; Xu, H; Yang, J; Yang, Y; Yuan, H | 1 |
| Arbour, D; Drolet, G; Laforest, S; Poulin, JF | 1 |
| Chen, J; Huang, J; Kaneko, T; Koshimizu, Y; Li, YQ; Wang, W; Wei, YY; Wu, SX | 1 |
| Chen, JX; Huang, W; Li, YM; Lu, YC; Wu, XJ | 1 |
| Chen, J; Huang, J; Kaneko, T; Li, YQ; Shi, RY; Wang, W; Wang, YY; Wei, YY; Wu, SX | 1 |
| Chen, S; Hao, W; Huang, Y; Luo, A; Yang, N; Zhao, J; Zuo, P | 1 |
| Kennedy, RT; Li, Q; Mabrouk, OS; Song, P | 1 |
| Chen, J; Han, R; Huang, J; Kaneko, T; Li, YQ; Lin, Y; Wang, W; Wang, YY; Wei, YY; Wu, SX | 1 |
| Gonzales, KK; Pare, JF; Smith, Y; Wichmann, T | 1 |
| Konno, K; Kudo, T; Minami, M; Sora, I; Uchigashima, M; Watanabe, M; Yanagawa, Y | 1 |
| Bogacz, R; Butt, SJ; Dodson, PD; Doig, NM; Duffell, JM; Duguid, IC; Garas, FN; Kessaris, N; Larvin, JT; Magill, PJ | 1 |
| Bowman, BR; Goodchild, AK | 1 |
| Han, BX; Rodriguez, E; Takatoh, J; Wang, F; Zhang, Y; Zhao, S; Zhou, X | 1 |
| Boyle, KA; Callister, RJ; Graham, BA; Hughes, DI; Jobling, P; Mustapa, M; Smith, KM | 1 |
| Chrobok, L; Kepczynski, M; Lewandowski, MH; Palus, K | 1 |
| Konishi, S | 1 |
| Alvarez, VA; Blegen, MB; Bocarsly, ME; Choi, IB; Dai, KZ; Dobbs, LK; Kaplan, AR; Kellendonk, C; Levitt, R; Matsui, A; Shin, JH; Simpson, EH | 1 |
38 review(s) available for enkephalin, leucine and gamma-aminobutyric acid
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Pharmacology of mammalian central inhibition.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Brain Stem; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Dopamine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Histamine; Neural Inhibition; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Serotonin; Spinal Cord; Thalamus | 1978 |
Three modes of communication in the nervous system.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Spinal Cord | 1979 |
Regulation of nigrostriatal and tuberoinfundibular-hypophyseal dopaminergic neurons.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Brain; Catecholamines; Corpus Striatum; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Neurons; Pituitary Gland; Serotonin; Substantia Nigra; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1979 |
[Synaptic receptors (author's transl)].
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Rats; Receptors, Adrenergic; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Receptors, Serotonin | 1977 |
Striato-cerebellar pathway controlling cyclic GMP content in the cerebellum: role of dopamine, GABA and enkephalins.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Cerebellum; Corpus Striatum; Cyclic GMP; Dopamine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Haloperidol; Harmaline; Isoniazid; Kainic Acid; Neural Pathways; Rats | 1978 |
Interactions between enkephalinergic and other neuronal systems.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Haloperidol; Hypothalamus; Morphine; Nerve Endings; Neurons; Rats; Synapses; Time Factors | 1978 |
Intramembrane interactions between neurotensin receptors and dopamine D2 receptors as a major mechanism for the neuroleptic-like action of neurotensin.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Apomorphine; Basal Ganglia; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cell Membrane; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; GTP-Binding Proteins; Neurons; Neurotensin; Oxidopamine; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Neurotensin; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 1992 |
[Effects of neuropeptides and neurotransmitters on the regulation of gonadorelin neurons endings in hypothalamic median eminence].
Topics: Animals; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Catecholamines; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Median Eminence; Neurotransmitter Agents | 1991 |
Pain and neurotransmitters.
Topics: Action Potentials; Afferent Pathways; Analgesics; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Enkephalins; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Mice; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nociceptors; Pain; Rats; Spinal Cord; Substance P | 1990 |
Vascular headaches and cerebral circulation: an overview.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenergic Fibers; Cerebral Arteries; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Histamine; Humans; Serotonin; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission; Vascular Headaches; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasoconstriction; Vasodilation | 1985 |
Neural mechanisms of swallowing: neurophysiological and neurochemical studies on brain stem neurons in the solitary tract region.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Deglutition; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Humans; Medulla Oblongata; Neurons; Oxytocin; Respiration; Serotonin; Substance P; Vasopressins | 1989 |
The signature hypothesis: co-localizations of neuroactive substances as anatomical probes for circuitry analyses.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Chickens; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Goldfish; Histocytochemistry; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Neurotensin; Neurotransmitter Agents; Retina; Somatostatin; Synapses | 1985 |
Opioid receptor mechanisms in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Dynorphins; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Leucine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1988 |
Interaction of peptides related to ACTH, MSH and beta-LPH with neurotransmitters in the brain.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; beta-Lipotropin; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Catecholamines; Endorphins; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones; Neurotransmitter Agents; Peptides; Serotonin | 1980 |
On the evolution of neurochemical transmission.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Behavior; Biological Evolution; Cell Communication; Chemoreceptor Cells; Dopamine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Memory; Models, Biological; Models, Neurological; Neurochemistry; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Serotonin; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1981 |
Neurotransmitter and neuromodulator function in the kindled seizure and state.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Biogenic Amines; Brain; Convulsants; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Kindling, Neurologic; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, GABA-A; Seizures | 1982 |
Presynaptic regulation of neurotransmitter release in the brain: facts and hypothesis.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Hypothalamus; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Nucleus Accumbens; Pituitary Gland, Anterior; Serotonin; Substantia Nigra; Trigeminal Nuclei | 1984 |
Pharmacology of pain and analgesia.
Topics: Amino Acids; Analgesia; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Narcotics; Nerve Fibers; Neurons, Afferent; Norepinephrine; Pain; Serotonin; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission | 1980 |
Topography of chemically identified neurons in the central nervous system: progress in 1977-1979.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Epinephrine; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Luteinizing Hormone; Neurons; Norepinephrine; Rats; Serotonin; Somatostatin; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vasopressins | 1980 |
Localization of substance P in neuronal pathways.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Stem; Capsaicin; Diencephalon; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Histocytochemistry; Mesencephalon; Microscopy, Electron; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Neurons, Afferent; Spinal Cord; Substance P; Substantia Nigra; Synapses; Telencephalon; Tissue Distribution | 1982 |
Actions of amino acids, amines and neuropeptides on target cells in the mammalian central nervous system.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Biogenic Amines; Brain; Dopamine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Peptides; Serotonin; Spinal Cord; Substance P | 1982 |
[Nerve cell clonal lines in culture--models for studying the molecular basis of neuropharmacological actions].
Topics: Astrocytoma; Catecholamines; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Clone Cells; Cyclic AMP; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Models, Biological; Neuroblastoma; Neurons; Oligodendroglioma; Pheochromocytoma; Phosphorylation; Prostaglandins; Substance P; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1983 |
Nonclassical neuronal communications.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Brain; Cell Communication; Dendrites; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunologic Techniques; Microscopy, Electron; Nerve Endings; Neurons; Neurons, Afferent; Olfactory Bulb; Spinal Cord; Substance P; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Transmission | 1983 |
Neurochemistry of the vertebrate olfactory bulb.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; beta-Alanine; beta-Endorphin; beta-Lipotropin; Biogenic Amines; Carnosine; Catecholamines; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Epinephrine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glycine; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Histamine; Homocysteine; Insulin; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurotensin; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Olfactory Bulb; Oxytocin; Serotonin; Substance P; Synapses; Taurine; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Vasopressins; Vertebrates | 1983 |
Localization of neuroactive substances in the vertebrate retina: evidence for lamination in the inner plexiform layer.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Birds; Dopamine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucagon; Melatonin; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurotensin; Neurotransmitter Agents; Retina; Serotonin; Somatostatin; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1983 |
[Morphological aspects of the enteric nervous system].
Topics: Animals; Cholinesterases; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Intestines; Microscopy, Electron; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Myenteric Plexus; Nerve Endings; Neuroglia; Norepinephrine; Peptides; Rats; Serotonin; Somatostatin; Substance P; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1984 |
Multiple mechanisms of withdrawal from opioid drugs.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenine Nucleotides; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Calcium; Calmodulin; Clonidine; Conditioning, Psychological; Cyclic GMP; Dopamine; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Fear; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Methadone; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Neurons; Norepinephrine; Protein Conformation; Receptors, Opioid; Serotonin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1984 |
Experimental vestibular pharmacology: a minireview with special reference to neuroactive substances and antivertigo drugs.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Atropine; Cats; Diazepam; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Histamine; Norepinephrine; Serotonin; Vasodilator Agents; Vertigo; Vestibular Nerve; Vestibular Nuclei | 1984 |
Neuroleptics and striatal neuropeptide gene expression.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Base Sequence; Consensus Sequence; Corpus Striatum; DNA; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Humans; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Receptors, Dopamine; Signal Transduction; Transcription Factors | 1993 |
The cellular framework for chemical signalling in the nucleus accumbens.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Dopamine; Efferent Pathways; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nucleus Accumbens; Signal Transduction | 1993 |
Adenosine receptor antagonists and Parkinson's disease: actions of the A2A receptor in the striatum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Humans; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parkinson Disease; Protein Precursors; Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Receptors, Purinergic P1; Substance P | 1999 |
Neurotransmitters, neuropeptides and calcium binding proteins in developing human cerebellum: a review.
Topics: Animals; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Cerebellum; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Nerve Fibers; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Neurotransmitter Agents; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin; Substance P | 2000 |
[Continuous subthalamic neurostimulation in Parkinson's disease. Indications and modalities].
Topics: Dopamine; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Electrodes, Implanted; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Parkinson Disease; Patient Selection; Perioperative Care; Referral and Consultation; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Stereotaxic Techniques; Substance P; Subthalamic Nucleus; Treatment Outcome | 2003 |
[Progress in diagnosis of and therapy for diabetic choreic movement and ballismus].
Topics: Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Basal Ganglia; Chorea; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Dyskinesias; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Haloperidol; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neurons; Substance P | 2004 |
Adenosine A2A receptors and basal ganglia physiology.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
An update on adenosine A2A-dopamine D2 receptor interactions: implications for the function of G protein-coupled receptors.
Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Agonists; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Enkephalins; Enzyme Activation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; GTP-Binding Proteins; Humans; Neurons; Phosphorylation; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Substance-Related Disorders | 2008 |
A human trial of HSV-mediated gene transfer for the treatment of chronic pain.
Topics: Animals; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genetic Therapy; Genetic Vectors; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Humans; Mice; Pain Management; Simplexvirus | 2009 |
Pursuit of Neurotransmitter Functions: Being Attracted with Fascination of the Synapse.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Enkephalins; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Humans; Neurons, Afferent; Neurotransmitter Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Receptor Cross-Talk; Sensory Receptor Cells; Spinal Cord; Substance P; Synapses | 2017 |
227 other study(ies) available for enkephalin, leucine and gamma-aminobutyric acid
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Investigation of possible interactions between substance P and transmitter mechanisms in the substantia nigra and corpus striatum of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Morphine; Rats; Serotonin; Substance P; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Transmission | 1978 |
Non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic autonomic neurotransmission mechanisms.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Autonomic Nervous System; Central Nervous System; Cholecystokinin; Digestive System; Dogs; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Feedback; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gastrins; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Mice; Microscopy, Electron; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Peptides; Rabbits; Rats; Serotonin; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1979 |
Biochemical interactions in the basal ganglia.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Cats; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Extrapyramidal Tracts; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Guinea Pigs; Neural Pathways; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Serotonin; Substance P | 1979 |
Presynaptic effects of morphine and methionine-enkephalin in feline spinal cord.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Bradykinin; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Time Factors | 1979 |
Comparison of the effects of GABA and enkephalin on synaptically evoked activity in the rat striatum.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Neural Pathways; Rats | 1979 |
Enkephalins and dorsal horn neurones of the cat: effects on responses to noxious and innocuous skin stimuli.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Injections; Mechanoreceptors; Naloxone; Neurons; Skin Physiological Phenomena; Spinal Nerve Roots; Substantia Gelatinosa | 1977 |
Alterations in GABA metabolism and Met-enkephalin content in rat brain following repeated electroconvulsive shocks.
Topics: Aminobutyrates; Animals; Brain; Electroshock; Endorphins; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Rats; Tissue Distribution | 1978 |
Failure of (+)-naloxone to antagonise responses to opioid peptides.
Topics: Animals; Brain Stem; Drug Interactions; Endorphins; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Naloxone; Neurons; Rats | 1978 |
Multiple membrane actions of enkephalin revealed using cultured spinal neurons.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glycine; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Neural Inhibition; Spinal Cord | 1978 |
Neuropharmacological studies of prolactin secretion.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Prolactin; Psychotropic Drugs; Rats | 1978 |
Influence of enkephalin on K+-evoked efflux of putative neurotransmitters in rat brain. Selective inhibition of acetylcholine and dopamine release.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Brain; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Histamine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serotonin | 1977 |
Pre- and postsynaptic inhibition by opioids in rat striatum.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Synapses | 1992 |
Estrogen suppresses mu-opioid- and GABAB-mediated hyperpolarization of hypothalamic arcuate neurons.
Topics: Animals; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus; Baclofen; beta-Endorphin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Estradiol; Evoked Potentials; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Ovariectomy; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
On chorea: possible neuronal mechanisms.
Topics: Animals; Brain Mapping; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Huntington Disease; Macaca; Nerve Degeneration; Neural Pathways; Substantia Nigra | 1992 |
Opioids excite dopamine neurons by hyperpolarization of local interneurons.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Bicuculline; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mesencephalon; Neurons; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapses | 1992 |
Dissociation of mu and delta opioid receptor-mediated reductions in evoked and spontaneous synaptic inhibition in the rat hippocampus in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Analgesics; Animals; Axons; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Synapses | 1992 |
Immunohistochemical organization of the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus in the ground squirrel.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Biomarkers; Electron Transport Complex IV; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Geniculate Bodies; Immunohistochemistry; NADPH Dehydrogenase; Neuropeptide Y; Retina; Sciuridae; Staining and Labeling; Substance P; Visual Pathways | 1992 |
Directed establishment of rat brain cell lines with the phenotypic characteristics of type 1 astrocytes.
Topics: alpha-Macroglobulins; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Cell Line; Cell Transformation, Viral; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Protein Precursors; Rats; S100 Proteins; Simian virus 40; Transferrin | 1992 |
Multiple neurotransmitters in the tuberomammillary nucleus: comparison of rat, mouse, and guinea pig.
Topics: Animals; Colchicine; Enkephalins; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Galanin; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Histamine; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mammillary Bodies; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neurotransmitter Agents; Peptides; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Species Specificity; Substance P; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Tissue Fixation | 1992 |
Ultrastructural evidence for GABA-mediated disinhibitory circuits in the spinal cord of the cat.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Dendrites; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Neurons; Spinal Cord; Synapses | 1992 |
GABAergic afferents modulate proenkephalin mRNA expression in the guinea pig hypothalamic magnocellular dorsal nucleus.
Topics: Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons, Afferent; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger | 1992 |
Colocalization of enkephalin-, glucagon-, and corticotropin-releasing factor-like immunoreactivity in GABAergic amacrine cells in turtle retina.
Topics: Animals; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucagon; Immunohistochemistry; Neuropeptides; Retina; Tissue Distribution; Turtles | 1992 |
GABAergic regulation of striatal opioid gene expression.
Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Aminocaproates; Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; Ethanolamines; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Vigabatrin | 1991 |
Differential effects of mu- and delta-receptor selective opioid agonists on feedforward and feedback GABAergic inhibition in hippocampal brain slices.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Feedback; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neural Inhibition; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1991 |
Opioid mu and delta receptor antagonists reduce wet dog shaking elicited by perforant path stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Dynorphins; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Naltrexone; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stereotyped Behavior | 1991 |
Dopamine release from interplexiform cells in the retina: effects of GnRH, FMRFamide, bicuculline, and enkephalin on horizontal cell activity.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Darkness; Dopamine; Drug Interactions; Enkephalins; FMRFamide; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Neuropeptides; Neurotransmitter Agents; Perches; Retina; Time Factors | 1991 |
A comparison of neurotransmitter-specific and neuropeptide-specific neuronal cell types present in the dorsal cortex in turtles with those present in the isocortex in mammals: implications for the evolution of isocortex.
Topics: Animals; Biological Evolution; Brain Mapping; Cerebral Cortex; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Dendrites; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Mammals; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Neuropeptides; Neurotransmitter Agents; Oligopeptides; Sincalide; Somatostatin; Species Specificity; Synaptic Transmission; Turtles; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1991 |
Glycinergic control of [Leu5]enkephalin levels in chicken retina.
Topics: Animals; Baclofen; Chickens; Enkephalin, Leucine; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Isoxazoles; Muscimol; Neurotransmitter Agents; Picrotoxin; Radioimmunoassay; Retina; Strychnine | 1991 |
Projections of chemically-specified neurons in the guinea-pig colon.
Topics: Animals; Bombesin; Calbindins; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Colchicine; Colon; Denervation; Enkephalins; Female; Galanin; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gastrin-Releasing Peptide; Guinea Pigs; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Myenteric Plexus; Neurokinin A; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Neuropeptides; Peptides; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Somatostatin; Substance P; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Veratridine | 1990 |
Subthalamic nucleus of the monkey: connections and immunocytochemical features of afferents.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, Leucine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Horseradish Peroxidase; Immunohistochemistry; Neural Pathways; Neurons, Afferent; Neurotransmitter Agents; Saimiri; Substance P; Substantia Nigra; Thalamic Nuclei; Wheat Germ Agglutinin-Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugate; Wheat Germ Agglutinins | 1990 |
Immunohistochemical evidence for the coexistence of substance P, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, GABA, methionine-enkephalin, and leucin-enkephalin in the serotonergic neurons of the caudal raphe nuclei: a dual labeling in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Immunohistochemistry; Iodine Radioisotopes; Male; Neurons; Radioimmunoassay; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serotonin; Substance P; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 1991 |
GABAergic and enkephalinergic regulation of locomotion in the ventral pallidum: involvement of the mesolimbic dopamine system.
Topics: Animals; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Limbic System; Locomotion; Male; Motor Activity; Picrotoxin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1991 |
Parallel decrease of glutamic acid decarboxylase and preproenkephalin mRNA in the rat striatum following chronic treatment with a dopaminergic D1 antagonist and D2 agonist.
Topics: Animals; Benzazepines; Corpus Striatum; DNA Probes; Dopamine Antagonists; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Male; Neurons; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phenethylamines; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; RNA, Messenger; Tubulin | 1991 |
GABA and enkephalin in the lateral septum of the guinea pig: light and electron microscopic evidence for interrelations.
Topics: Animals; Antibody Specificity; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Nerve Endings | 1991 |
A re-examination of enkephalin's coexistence with gamma-aminobutyric acid in amacrine cells of the larval tiger salamander retina.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Larva; Retina; Urodela | 1991 |
Neostriatal dopaminergic terminals prevent the GABAergic involvement in the mu- and delta-opioid inhibition of KCl-evoked endogenous acetylcholine release.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Nerve Endings; Oxidopamine; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1991 |
Immunoelectron microscopic localization of neurotransmitters in the cochlea.
Topics: Animals; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cochlea; Efferent Pathways; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Guinea Pigs; Hair Cells, Auditory; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Microscopy, Electron; Neurotransmitter Agents; Organ of Corti; Rats; Spiral Ganglion | 1990 |
Opioid actions on single nucleus raphe magnus neurons from rat and guinea-pig in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats | 1990 |
Double-label analyses of somatostatin's coexistence with enkephalin and gamma-aminobutyric acid in amacrine cells of the chicken retina.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Chickens; Enkephalins; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Immunohistochemistry; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Somatostatin | 1990 |
Modulation of prodynorphin peptides release from the rat spinal cord in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium; Protein Precursors; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spinal Cord; Veratridine | 1990 |
Long-term survival of GABA-, enkephalin-, NADPH-diaphorase- and calbindin-d28k-containing neurons in fetal striatal grafts.
Topics: Animals; Brain Tissue Transplantation; Calbindin 1; Calbindins; Cell Survival; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; Fetal Tissue Transplantation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; NADPH Dehydrogenase; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Phenotype; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Time Factors | 1990 |
GABAA and GABAB antagonists prevent the opioid inhibition of endogenous acetylcholine release evoked by glutamate from rat neostriatal slices.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A | 1990 |
Adaptative changes in two indices of enkephalin neuron activity in mouse striatum following GABAergic stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Diazepam; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Mice; Muscimol; Oligopeptides; Protein Precursors; Receptors, GABA-A; RNA, Messenger | 1990 |
Immunocytochemistry on free-floating sections of rat brain using microwave irradiation during the incubation in the primary antiserum: light and electron microscopy.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immune Sera; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Microwaves; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Specimen Handling; Temperature; Vasopressins | 1990 |
[A study of the pontine urine storage center in decerebrate cats].
Topics: Animals; Carbachol; Cats; Decerebrate State; Electric Stimulation; Electromyography; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Norepinephrine; Pons; Urethra; Urinary Bladder; Urination | 1990 |
Neurotensin in projection neurons of the striatum and nucleus accumbens, with reference to coexistence with enkephalin and GABA: an immunohistochemical study in the cat.
Topics: Animals; Basal Ganglia; Cats; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Neurotensin; Nucleus Accumbens; Septal Nuclei; Substance P | 1987 |
Temporal sequence of neurotransmitter expression by developing neurons of fetal monkey visual cortex.
Topics: Animals; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Macaca mulatta; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Neuropeptides; Neurotransmitter Agents; Protein Precursors; Sincalide; Somatostatin; Substance P; Visual Cortex | 1988 |
Development of spinal substrate for nociception in man.
Topics: Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gestational Age; Humans; Nociceptors; Serotonin; Spinal Cord; Substance P | 1988 |
[Pain and chemical transmitters].
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Spinal; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nociceptors; Pain; Rats; Substance P | 1988 |
Excitatory effect of substance P in parasympathetic ganglia of cat urinary bladder.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Enkephalin, Leucine; Evoked Potentials; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Norepinephrine; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission; Urinary Bladder | 1989 |
Enkephalinergic modulation of the dopamine system in the turtle retina.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Cell Count; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Naloxone; Neurons; Potassium; Retina; Turtles | 1989 |
Interactions between circulating peptides and the central nervous system in hemodynamic regulation.
Topics: Animals; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Pressure; Central Nervous System; Cerebral Ventricles; Chemoreceptor Cells; Dogs; Endothelins; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Peptides; Receptors, Opioid; Vertebral Artery | 1989 |
Oro-facial dyskinesia and the sub-commissural part of the globus pallidus in the cat: role of acetylcholine and its interaction with GABA.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Carbachol; Cats; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Male; Movement Disorders | 1989 |
Enkephalin-like immunoreactivity in the cat superior colliculus: distribution, ultrastructure, and colocalization with GABA.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Cats; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Microscopy, Electron; Neurons; Superior Colliculi | 1989 |
Blockade of enkephalinergic and GABAergic mediated locomotion in the nucleus accumbens by muscimol in the ventral pallidum.
Topics: Animals; Carbachol; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Injections; Male; Motor Activity; Muscimol; Nucleus Accumbens; Picrotoxin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Septal Nuclei | 1989 |
Electrophysiological effects of dynorphin peptides on hippocampal pyramidal cells in rat.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; Dynorphins; Electrophysiology; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Ethylketocyclazocine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1985 |
Neurotransmitter release by certain neuropeptides in the chicken retina.
Topics: Animals; Chickens; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucagon; Glycine; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurotensin; Neurotransmitter Agents; Retina; Serotonin; Somatostatin | 1985 |
The biological basis of anxiety. An overview.
Topics: Anxiety Disorders; Carbon Dioxide; Dopamine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Hyperventilation; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Monoamine Oxidase; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Panic; Receptors, Adrenergic; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Opioid; Serotonin | 1985 |
Ultrastructural chemoanatomy of the basal ganglia: an overview.
Topics: Axons; Basal Ganglia; Corpus Striatum; Dendrites; Dopamine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Interneurons; Parkinson Disease; Serotonin; Substantia Nigra; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1987 |
Dopaminergic axons directly make synapses with GABAergic neurons in the rat neostriatum.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1987 |
Localization of immunoreactive GABA and enkephalin and NADPH-diaphorase-positive neurons in fetal striatal grafts in the quinolinic-acid-lesioned rat neostriatum.
Topics: Animals; Caudate Nucleus; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, Leucine; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Microscopy, Electron; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; NADPH Dehydrogenase; Neurons; Pyridines; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1988 |
Corticosterone reduces the excitability of hippocampal pyramidal cells in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Corticosterone; Dexamethasone; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptic Transmission | 1986 |
The self-regulating synapse: a functional role for the co-existence of neuroactive substances.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Catfishes; Chickens; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Goldfish; Neurons; Retina; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1986 |
Enkephalin in the goldfish retina.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Cyprinidae; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Goldfish; Histocytochemistry; Immunochemistry; Receptors, Opioid; Retina; Sulfur Radioisotopes; Tritium | 1986 |
The expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid and Leu-enkephalin immunoreactivity in primary monolayer cultures of rat striatum.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Embryo, Mammalian; Enkephalin, Leucine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Kinetics; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors | 1988 |
Relations between GABAergic and enkephalinergic systems: effects of sodium valproate on rat brain enkephalins.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Models, Neurological; Organ Specificity; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Valproic Acid | 1986 |
Effects of opioid agonist drugs on the in vitro release of 3H-GABA, 3H-dopamine and 3H-5HT from slices of rat globus pallidus.
Topics: Animals; Cyclazocine; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serotonin | 1987 |
Quantitative studies of enkephalin's coexistence with gamma-aminobutyric acid, glycine and neurotensin in amacrine cells of the chicken retina.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Chickens; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Immunohistochemistry; Neurotensin; Retina | 1988 |
Release of proteins, enzymes, and the neuroactive peptides, enkephalins, from the striatum of the freely moving rat.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Circadian Rhythm; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Peptide Hydrolases; Perfusion; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1986 |
Interactions between enkephalin and gamma-aminobutyric acid in the larval tiger salamander retina.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Larva; Membrane Potentials; Morphine; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Urodela | 1987 |
The role of enkephalins in the production of epileptogenic activity and autonomic dysfunction: origin of arrhythmia and sudden death in the epileptic patient?
Topics: Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Pressure; Death, Sudden; Enkephalins; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Heart Rate; Humans; Models, Biological; Pentylenetetrazole | 1987 |
GABAergic regulation of enkephalin in rat striatum: alterations in Met5-enkephalin level, precursor content and preproenkephalin messenger RNA abundance.
Topics: Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; Protein Precursors; Rats; RNA, Messenger | 1986 |
Antinociceptive action of picrotoxin in the mouse.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Atropine; Enkephalins; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Methysergide; Mice; Naloxone; Picrotoxin | 1986 |
Diurnal rhythm of the in vivo release of enkephalin from the globus pallidus of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Circadian Rhythm; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Kinetics; Male; Perfusion; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tritium | 1986 |
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide elicits a discharge in chronically decentralized sympathetic ganglia.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cats; Enkephalin, Leucine; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Male; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1986 |
Chemistry of mood and emotion.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Aging; Brain; Dopamine; Emotions; Enkephalins; Epinephrine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Serotonin | 1980 |
K+-evoked release of met-enkephalin from rat striatum in vitro: effect of putative neurotransmitters and morphine.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Haloperidol; Hydroxydopamines; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium; Radioimmunoassay; Rats | 1980 |
An opiate system in the goldfish retina.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Goldfish; Neural Pathways; Neurotransmitter Agents; Retina | 1981 |
Hypothalamic substances in the control of body temperature: general characteristics.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Amino Acids; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Body Temperature Regulation; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Histamine; Humans; Hypothalamus; Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones; Neurotransmitter Agents; Peptides; Receptors, Opioid; Taurine | 1981 |
[Enkephalin-like peptides as putative cotransmitters for acetylcholine (author's transl)].
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Neurotransmitter Agents; Receptors, Nicotinic; Receptors, Opioid | 1981 |
Inhibitory effects of motilin, somatostatin, [Leu]enkephalin, [Met]enkephalin, and taurine on neurons of the lateral vestibular nucleus: interactions with gamma-aminobutyric acid.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Glycine; Male; Motilin; Neural Inhibition; Purkinje Cells; Rabbits; Somatostatin; Taurine; Vestibular Nuclei | 1982 |
[GABA-ergic component in the mechanism of action of narcotic analgesics and enkephalin analogs].
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Drug Interactions; Endorphins; Enkephalins; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Pain; Rats; Sensory Thresholds | 1982 |
Selective inhibition of synaptosomal proline uptake by leucine and methionine enkephalins.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Cerebral Cortex; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Neurotransmitter Agents; Proline; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptosomes; Taurine | 1983 |
Responses of substantia gelatinosa neurons to putative neurotransmitters in an in vitro preparation of the adult rat spinal cord.
Topics: Animals; Culture Techniques; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Spinal; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spinal Cord; Substantia Gelatinosa; Synaptic Transmission | 1983 |
Neurochemically specified subsystems in the basal ganglia.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Brain Mapping; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Extrapyramidal Tracts; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Substantia Nigra; Thalamic Nuclei | 1984 |
Pharmacological manipulations of the substantia innominata-cortical cholinergic pathway.
Topics: Animals; Basal Ganglia; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Imipramine; Male; Muscimol; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Substantia Innominata | 1984 |
In vivo release of transmitters in the cat basal ganglia.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Cats; Caudate Nucleus; Dopamine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Neural Pathways; Neurotransmitter Agents; Serotonin; Substance P; Substantia Nigra | 1981 |
The role of the substantia nigra in a striatally-evoked motor response in the rat: effects of intranigral drugs and lesions.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Atropine; Corpus Striatum; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalins; Female; Functional Laterality; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Kainic Acid; Mesencephalon; Movement; Nicotine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Strychnine; Substance P; Substantia Nigra | 1981 |
Neurochemical studies in the hypoxic brain: substance P, met-enkephalin, GABA and angiotensin converting enzyme.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hypoxia; Male; Organ Size; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; Rats; Substance P | 1981 |
An immunohistochemical study of neuronal populations containing neuropeptides or gamma-aminobutyrate within the superficial layers of the rat dorsal horn.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Histocytochemistry; Immunologic Techniques; Interneurons; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Neurotensin; Pancreatic Polypeptide; Rats; Somatostatin; Spinal Cord; Substance P | 1981 |
Serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid turnover after injection into the median raphe of substance P and D-ala-met-enkephalin amide.
Topics: Animals; Brain Stem; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Male; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Serotonin; Substance P | 1982 |
Transmitters involved in central processing of nociceptive information.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Humans; Neural Inhibition; Neurons, Afferent; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Pain; Serotonin; Spinal Cord; Spinal Nerve Roots; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission | 1982 |
Transmitter sensitivities in oval neurons from rat brainstem cultures.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Brain Stem; Cells, Cultured; Electric Conductivity; Embryo, Mammalian; Endorphins; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Substance P | 1983 |
Neuropeptides and gamma-aminobutyric acid in the vestibular nuclei of the rat: an immunohistochemical analysis. I. Distribution.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Immune Sera; Male; Rats; Substance P; Vestibular Nuclei | 1984 |
An immunocytochemical analysis of methionine enkephalin, substance P, and glutamic acid decarboxylase within neostriatal neurons.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substance P; Substantia Nigra | 1984 |
Opiate receptors influence vasopressin release from nerve terminals in rat neurohypophysis.
Topics: Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Culture Techniques; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Morphine; Pituitary Gland; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1980 |
Mature spinal ganglion cells are not sensitive to opiate receptor mediated actions.
Topics: Action Potentials; Aminopyridines; Animals; Barium; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Spinal; Iontophoresis; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1981 |
GABA and baclofen potentiate the K+-evoked release of methionine-enkephalin from rat striatal slices.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Corpus Striatum; Drug Synergism; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Picrotoxin; Potassium; Rats; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, GABA-A | 1981 |
Neurons in the frontal cortex of the rat carry multiple opiate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Frontal Lobe; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Neural Inhibition; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1981 |
On the presence of met 5-enkephalin receptors on the plasma membrane of Deiters' neurons and their modulation of GABA transport.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Cell Membrane; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Naloxone; Neurons; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid; Vestibular Nuclei; Vestibular Nucleus, Lateral | 1981 |
Enkephalin inhibition of inhibitory input to CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Culture Techniques; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Interneurons; Membrane Potentials; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Reaction Time; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1982 |
Parasympathetic ganglia: naloxone antagonizes inhibition by leucine-enkephalin and GABA.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Evoked Potentials; Female; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Male; Naloxone; Neural Inhibition; Synaptic Transmission; Urinary Bladder | 1983 |
Simultaneous determination of leu-enkephalin localization and [3H] gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake in rat striatal cell cultures.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Culture Techniques; Enkephalin, Leucine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Neuroglia; Neurons; Rats | 1983 |
Localization of immunoreactive enkephalins in GABA synthesizing neurons of the rat neostriatum.
Topics: Animals; Caudate Nucleus; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Neural Inhibition; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1984 |
Possible mechanisms of enkephalin action on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons.
Topics: Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Membrane Potentials; Naloxone; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Rats; Synapses | 1981 |
Evidence for a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) mediation in the benzodiazepine inhibition of the release of Met5-enkephalin elicited by depolarization.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Corpus Striatum; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; In Vitro Techniques; Isoniazid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Muscimol; Neprilysin; Potassium Chloride; Protease Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptic Membranes | 1982 |
Opiate alkaloids antagonize postsynaptic glycine and GABA responses: correlation with convulsant action.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Dextrorphan; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Levorphanol; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Seizures; Spinal Cord; Synapses | 1982 |
Synthesis, purification and conformational studies on enkephalin derivatives containing gamma-amino-n-butyric acid.
Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Models, Molecular; Protein Conformation; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1982 |
Endogenous GABA release from slices of rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serotonin | 1982 |
Contralateral circling behaviour induced by intranigral injection of morphine and enkephalin analogue FK 33-824 in rats.
Topics: Animals; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Humans; Injections; Morphine; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stereotyped Behavior; Substantia Nigra | 1980 |
Central neuropharmacology of D-Ala2-Met-enkephalinamide and its interactions with taurine in rats.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Catatonia; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Leucine; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Taurine | 1981 |
Effects of taurine and gamma-aminobutyric acid on akinesia and analgesia induced by D-Ala2-Met-enkephalinamide in rats.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Kinetics; Leucine; Male; Movement; Rats; Taurine | 1980 |
Possible involvement of gamma-aminobutyric acid in growth hormone release induced by a Met5-enkephalin analog in conscious rats.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Endorphins; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Growth Hormone; Hormones; Kinetics; Male; Naloxone; Picrotoxin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1981 |
[Methionine]enkephalin is a potent stimulant for gamma-aminobutyrate release [proceedings].
Topics: Animals; Brain; Endorphins; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Potassium; Rats; Synaptosomes | 1980 |
Benzodiazepines modulate striatal enkephalin levels via a GABAergic mechanism.
Topics: Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; Bicuculline; Corpus Striatum; Diazepam; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Fentanyl; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hypothalamus; Male; Muscimol; Radioimmunoassay; Rats | 1980 |
Modulation of synaptosomal GABA release by enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Kinetics; Male; Naloxone; Potassium; Rats; Synaptosomes | 1980 |
GABA and enkephalin projection from the nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum to the ventral tegmental area.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; Fluorescent Dyes; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Nucleus Accumbens; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Stilbamidines; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission; Tegmentum Mesencephali | 1993 |
Neuroactive substances in the developing dorsomedial telencephalon of the pigeon (Columba livia): differential distribution and time course of maturation.
Topics: Animals; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Columbidae; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Neuropeptide Y; Neuropeptides; Neurotransmitter Agents; Somatostatin; Substance P; Time Factors; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1994 |
Subpopulations of GABAergic neurons in laminae I-III of rat spinal dorsal horn defined by coexistence with classical transmitters, peptides, nitric oxide synthase or parvalbumin.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Biomarkers; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; NADPH Dehydrogenase; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Neuropeptides; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Parvalbumins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord | 1994 |
Serotoninergic, peptidergic and GABAergic innervation of the ventrolateral and dorsolateral motor nuclei in the cat S1/S2 segments: an immunofluorescence study.
Topics: Animals; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Cats; Enkephalins; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Neuropeptides; Serotonin; Spinal Cord; Substance P; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 1994 |
GABAergic modulation of striatal peptide expression in rats and the alterations induced by dopamine antagonist treatment.
Topics: Animals; Baclofen; Benzazepines; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine Antagonists; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Haloperidol; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Muscimol; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA; RNA, Messenger; Salicylamides; Substance P; Tachykinins; Vigabatrin | 1994 |
Ultrastructural relationships between terminals immunoreactive for enkephalin, GABA, or both transmitters in the rat ventral tegmental area.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Nerve Endings; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Staining and Labeling; Synapses; Tegmentum Mesencephali; Tissue Distribution | 1995 |
Hypothalamic Leu-enkephalin-immunoreactive fibers terminate on calbindin-containing somatospiny cells in the lateral septal area of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Calbindins; Enkephalin, Leucine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hypothalamus; Immunohistochemistry; Nerve Endings; Nerve Fibers; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Septum Pellucidum | 1995 |
Cocaine alters glutamic acid decarboxylase differentially in the nucleus accumbens core and shell.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cocaine; Drug Administration Schedule; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genetic Code; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Male; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D2; RNA, Messenger; Tachykinins | 1995 |
Neurotransmitters of the olivocochlear lateral efferent system: with an emphasis on dopamine.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Acetyltransferases; Animals; Cochlea; Cochlear Nerve; Dopamine; Ear, Inner; Efferent Pathways; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Immunohistochemistry; Mammals; Mice; Neurotransmitter Agents; Piribedil; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine D2 | 1995 |
GABAergic projection from the ventral pallidum and globus pallidus to the subthalamic nucleus.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; Fluorescent Dyes; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Iontophoresis; Male; Neural Pathways; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Stilbamidines; Thalamic Nuclei | 1995 |
Substance P-containing primary afferent receives inhibitory modulation directly from enkephalin- and GABA-containing interneurons in the dorsal horn of the chicken.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Chickens; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Interneurons; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Neurons, Afferent; Spinal Cord; Substance P; Synapses | 1993 |
Reciprocal synaptic relations between enkephalinergic and GABAergic neurons in the area postrema of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Brain; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synapses | 1995 |
Inhibition by opioids acting on mu-receptors of GABAergic and glutamatergic postsynaptic potentials in single rat periaqueductal gray neurones in vitro.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Molecular Sequence Data; Narcotics; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Synapses | 1994 |
Delta and mu enkephalins inhibit spontaneous GABA-mediated IPSCs via a cyclic AMP-independent mechanism in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Cyclic AMP; Electrophysiology; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neural Inhibition; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Synapses | 1995 |
Enhancement of retinal acetylcholine release by DAMGO: possibly a direct opioid receptor-mediated excitatory effect.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Bicuculline; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Male; Rabbits; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Retina; Strychnine; Xanthines | 1994 |
Immunoelectron microscopy of enkephalinergic innervation of GABAergic neurons in the periaqueductal gray.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Neurons; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses | 1994 |
Effects of neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine injections on glutamate decarboxylase, preproenkephalin and dopamine D2 receptor mRNAs in the adult rat striatum.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Injections, Intraventricular; Oxidopamine; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D2; RNA, Messenger; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1993 |
A topographically organized gamma-aminobutyric acid projection from the ventral pallidum to the nucleus accumbens in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Brain Mapping; Enkephalins; Fluorescent Dyes; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Iontophoresis; Male; Neural Pathways; Nucleus Accumbens; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Stilbamidines | 1994 |
Interaction between enkephalin and gamma-aminobutyric acid in the chicken retina: a double-label immunoelectron microscopic analysis.
Topics: Animals; Chickens; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Retina | 1994 |
Effects of efferent neurotransmitters on intracellular Ca2+ concentration in vestibular hair cells of the guinea pig.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Axons; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Calcium; Dendrites; Efferent Pathways; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hair Cells, Auditory; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Neurotransmitter Agents; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Vestibular Nerve; Vestibule, Labyrinth | 1993 |
GABA is the principal neurotransmitter of the circadian system.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Circadian Rhythm; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Geniculate Bodies; Immunohistochemistry; Models, Neurological; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retina; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus | 1993 |
Interaction between enkephalin and GABA in the chicken retina: further analyses of coexisting relationships.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Chickens; Enkephalins; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Retina; Tissue Distribution | 1994 |
Interacting presynaptic kappa-opioid and GABAA receptors modulate dopamine release from rat striatal synaptosomes.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Bicuculline; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Kinetics; Male; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Oligopeptides; Picrotoxin; Potassium; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Synaptosomes | 1993 |
Identification and characterization of a neutral endopeptidase activity in Aplysia californica.
Topics: Animals; Aplysia; Brain; Cell Membrane; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enkephalin, Leucine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Iodobenzenes; Kidney; Neprilysin; Peptide Fragments; Protease Inhibitors; Protein Binding; Rats; Substrate Specificity | 1993 |
Heterogeneity in presynaptic regulation of GABA release from hippocampal inhibitory neurons.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Baclofen; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; GABA-B Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Homeostasis; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Naloxone; Nerve Fibers; Neurons; Phosphinic Acids; Propanolamines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-B; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Synapses | 1993 |
On the role of enkephalin cotransmission in the GABAergic striatal efferents to the globus pallidus.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Corpus Striatum; Drug Combinations; Efferent Pathways; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Male; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reserpine; Synaptic Transmission | 1994 |
Mechanism of mu-opioid receptor-mediated presynaptic inhibition in the rat hippocampus in vitro.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium Channels; D-Ala(2),MePhe(4),Met(0)-ol-enkephalin; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Potassium Channels; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Receptors, Presynaptic; Second Messenger Systems; Synapses | 1993 |
Distinct subsets of neuropeptide Y-negative principal neurons receive basket-like innervation from enkephalinergic and gabaergic axons in the superior cervical ganglion of adult rats.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tissue Distribution | 1993 |
Enkephalinergic innervation of GABAergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Dendrites; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Neurons; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synapses | 1993 |
Molecular recognition using a binary genetic search algorithm.
Topics: Algorithms; Amino Acid Sequence; Carbohydrate Sequence; Carbolines; Deoxyribose; Drug Design; Electrochemistry; Enkephalin, Leucine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Maltose; Models, Genetic; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; N-Methylaspartate; Peptides, Cyclic; Receptors, GABA-A; Selection, Genetic; Trimethoprim | 1993 |
Opioid actions at mu and delta receptors in the rat dentate gyrus in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1993 |
Effects of met-enkephalin on GABAergic spontaneous miniature IPSPs in organotypic slice cultures of the rat hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Cadmium; Calcium; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Magnesium; Organ Culture Techniques; Osmolar Concentration; Potassium; Rats; Synapses | 1993 |
Anatomical basis for interactions of enkephalins with other transmitters in the CNS of a snail.
Topics: Animals; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; FMRFamide; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Invertebrate; Immunohistochemistry; Neuropeptides; Neurotransmitter Agents; Serotonin; Snails; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1995 |
The septal complex of the telencephalon of the lizard Podarcis hispanica. I. Chemoarchitectonical organization.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Leucine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Histocytochemistry; Immunohistochemistry; Lizards; Metals; Septal Nuclei; Serotonin; Substance P; Telencephalon; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1995 |
Structural evidence for functional domains in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Behavior, Animal; Brain Mapping; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; In Situ Hybridization; Memory; Neural Pathways; Neuropeptides; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Septal Nuclei; Somatostatin | 1996 |
Synchronous GABA-mediated potentials and epileptiform discharges in the rat limbic system in vitro.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analgesics; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Entorhinal Cortex; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Limbic System; Male; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Fibers; Piperazines; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serotonin Receptor Agonists | 1996 |
Modulation of respiratory rhythm in vitro: role of Gi/o protein-mediated mechanisms.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Baclofen; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; GTP-Binding Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; Rats; Respiration; Serotonin | 1996 |
Ultrastructural relationships between leu-enkephalin- and GABA-containing neurons differ within the hippocampal formation.
Topics: Animals; Dentate Gyrus; Enkephalin, Leucine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Learning; Male; Memory; Microscopy, Electron; Neurons; Opioid Peptides; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1996 |
Neurotransmitters and peptides in the developing human facial nucleus.
Topics: Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; Enkephalins; Facial Nerve; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gestational Age; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Infant, Newborn; Neuropeptides; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pregnancy; Substance P | 1996 |
Estrogen rapidly attenuates a GABAB response in hypothalamic neurons.
Topics: Animals; Baclofen; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Estradiol; Female; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hypothalamus; Neurons; Potassium Channels; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1996 |
Anoxia blocks the presynaptic control of GABA release at inhibitory terminals in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analgesics; Animals; Baclofen; Cell Hypoxia; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Interneurons; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1996 |
Electron microscopic evidence for coexistence of leucine5-enkephalin and gamma-aminobutyric acid in a subpopulation of axon terminals in the rat locus coeruleus region.
Topics: Animals; Dendrites; Enkephalin, Leucine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Neurons; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Silver Staining | 1997 |
Intermittent morphine administration induces a long-lasting synergistic effect of corticosterone on dopamine D1 receptor functioning in rat striatal GABA neurons.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Corticosterone; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Cyclic AMP; Dexamethasone; Drug Synergism; Embryo, Mammalian; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Kinetics; Morphine; Neurons; Oxotremorine; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; Receptors, Mineralocorticoid | 1997 |
Localization of delta opioid receptor immunoreactivity in interneurons and pyramidal cells in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Antibody Specificity; Dendrites; Enkephalins; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Interneurons; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Somatostatin; Synapses | 1997 |
Involvement of cholinergic neurons in the release of dopamine elicited by stimulation of mu-opioid receptors in striatum.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Analgesics; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Corpus Striatum; Diamines; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Homovanillic Acid; Infusions, Parenteral; Interneurons; Kinetics; Male; Microdialysis; Neurotoxins; Parasympatholytics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Synaptosomes | 1997 |
[Neurophysiology of pain. Current aspects].
Topics: Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Neural Inhibition; Neurons, Afferent; Nociceptors; Pain; Spinal Cord; Spinal Nerves; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission | 1980 |
Proenkephalin gene regulation in the paraventricular nucleus by GABA: interactions with opioid systems in a transgenic model.
Topics: Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; beta-Galactosidase; Cells, Cultured; Enkephalins; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Hypothalamus; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Muscimol; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Organ Culture Techniques; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Protein Precursors; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Saline Solution, Hypertonic; Stress, Physiological | 1998 |
Neurochemical characterization and distribution of enteric GABAergic neurons and nerve fibres in the human colon.
Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Cell Count; Colon; Enkephalins; Enteric Nervous System; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Infant; NADPH Dehydrogenase; Nerve Fibers; Neurons; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Somatostatin | 1998 |
Synaptic effects of nitric oxide on enkephalinergic, GABAergic, and glutamatergic networks of the rat periaqueductal gray.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Blood Pressure; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxylamine; Imidazoles; Male; Membrane Potentials; Naloxone; Nerve Net; Neural Inhibition; Nitric Oxide; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses | 1998 |
Opioid inhibition of hippocampal interneurons via modulation of potassium and hyperpolarization-activated cation (Ih) currents.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Baclofen; Barium; Cardiovascular Agents; Cations; Cell Size; Cells, Cultured; Cesium; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; GABA Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Hippocampus; Interneurons; Male; Membrane Potentials; Potassium; Potassium Channels; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1998 |
[Functional specificity of the mediator systems as the basis for neostriatum polyfunctional properties].
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Conditioning, Operant; Dogs; Dopamine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Microinjections; Neostriatum; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1998 |
In the ventromedial nucleus of the rat hypothalamus, GABA-immunolabeled neurons are abundant and are innervated by both enkephalin- and GABA-immunolabeled axon terminals.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Dendrites; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Interneurons; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Neurons; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses; Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus | 1999 |
Quantitative immunoelectron microscopic colocalization of GABA and enkephalin in the ventrocaudal periaqueductal gray of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Antibody Specificity; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Neurons; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses | 1999 |
Localization of amino acids, neuropeptides and cholinergic neurotransmitter markers in identified projections from the mesencephalic tegmentum to the mammillary nuclei of the rat.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Biomarkers; Cell Nucleus; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Mammillary Bodies; Neuropeptides; Neurotensin; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Substance P; Tegmentum Mesencephali | 1999 |
Distinct neurochemical populations in the rat central nucleus of the amygdala and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis: evidence for their selective activation by interleukin-1beta.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; In Situ Hybridization; Interleukin-1; Male; Neurons; Neurotensin; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recombinant Proteins; RNA, Messenger; Thalamus | 1999 |
A group of cortical interneurons expressing mu-opioid receptor-like immunoreactivity: a double immunofluorescence study in the rat cerebral cortex.
Topics: Animals; Calbindin 2; Calbindins; Cerebral Cortex; Cholecystokinin; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Interneurons; Neuropeptide Y; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Parvalbumins; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, mu; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Somatostatin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2000 |
Localization of amino acids, neuropeptides and cholinergic markers in neurons of the septum-diagonal band complex projecting to the retrosplenial granular cortex of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Cholera Toxin; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Diagonal Band of Broca; Enkephalin, Leucine; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Gyrus Cinguli; Horseradish Peroxidase; Male; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Neurotensin; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Septal Nuclei; Substance P | 2000 |
Anatomical evidence for presynaptic modulation by the delta opioid receptor in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Periaqueductal Gray; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 2001 |
The posterior hypothalamic area: chemoarchitecture and afferent connections.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; Enkephalins; Fluorescent Dyes; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Herpesvirus 1, Suid; Hypothalamic Hormones; Hypothalamus, Posterior; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Melanins; Nerve Net; Neuropeptide Y; Pituitary Hormones; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin; Stilbamidines; Tissue Fixation; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2001 |
Ultrastructural evidence for enkephalin mediated disinhibition in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; Estrogens; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus | 2001 |
Neurotransmitter distribution in the second trimester fetal human corpus striatum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Age Factors; Brain Tissue Transplantation; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; Female; Fetal Tissue Transplantation; Fetus; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Huntington Disease; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, Second; Substance P | 2001 |
Derivatization and fluorescence detection of amino acids and peptides with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate on the surface of a solid adsorbent.
Topics: Amino Acids; Chromatography; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enkephalin, Leucine; Fluorenes; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Indicators and Reagents; Lysine; Peptides; Phenylalanine; Reproducibility of Results; Serine; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Substance P; Valine | 2001 |
Colocalization of GABA, enkephalin and neuropeptide Y in the tectum of the green frog Rana esculenta.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Protein Binding; Ranidae | 2001 |
Neuromodulator content of hamster intergeniculate leaflet neurons and their projection to the suprachiasmatic nucleus or visual midbrain.
Topics: Animals; Circadian Rhythm; Cricetinae; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Geniculate Bodies; Male; Mesocricetus; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Neuropeptides; Neurotensin; Superior Colliculi; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Visual Pathways | 2001 |
Distribution and amino acid content of enkephalin-immunoreactive inputs onto juxtacellularly labelled bulbospinal barosensitive neurons in rat rostral ventrolateral medulla.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Axons; Biotin; Dendrites; Efferent Pathways; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microscopy, Electron; Neural Conduction; Neural Inhibition; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pressoreceptors; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reticular Formation; Spinal Cord; Sympathetic Nervous System; Synaptic Transmission | 2001 |
Post-embedding double-gold labeling immunoelectron microscopic co-localization of neurotransmitters in the rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gold Colloid; Immunoglobulin G; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Neurotransmitter Agents; Particle Size; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Subcellular Fractions; Tissue Embedding | 2001 |
Neurotransmission in the human labyrinth.
Topics: Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Ear, Inner; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hair Cells, Auditory; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Neurons, Afferent; Neurons, Efferent; Organ of Corti; Spiral Ganglion; Synaptic Transmission | 2002 |
Intrinsic GABA neurons inhibit proenkephalin gene expression in slice cultures of rat neostriatum.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Efferent Pathways; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Interneurons; Neocortex; Neostriatum; Neural Inhibition; Organ Culture Techniques; Protein Precursors; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synaptic Transmission; Thalamus | 2002 |
Expression of 5-HT1A receptor mRNA in rat lumbar spinal dorsal horn neurons after peripheral inflammation.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Inflammation; Lumbosacral Region; Male; Peripheral Nerves; Posterior Horn Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Serotonin; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT1; RNA, Messenger | 2002 |
Ciproxifan, a histamine H3-receptor antagonist/inverse agonist, potentiates neurochemical and behavioral effects of haloperidol in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Catalepsy; Corpus Striatum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Haloperidol; Histamine Antagonists; Imidazoles; In Situ Hybridization; Ligands; Male; Motor Activity; Neurons; Neurotensin; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Histamine H3; RNA, Messenger; Up-Regulation | 2002 |
Decompensated hemorrhage activates serotonergic neurons in the subependymal parapyramidal region of the rat medulla.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Heart Rate; Hydralazine; Hypotension; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Neurons; Phenotype; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Serotonin; Shock, Hemorrhagic; Vasodilator Agents | 2002 |
Dual modulation of gabaergic transmission by metabotropic glutamate receptors in rat ventral tegmental area.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Bicuculline; Cycloleucine; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Leucine; Male; Membrane Potentials; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Neural Conduction; Neural Inhibition; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2003 |
Gene expression in dopamine and GABA systems in an animal model of schizophrenia: effects of antipsychotic drugs.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antipsychotic Agents; Brain; Clozapine; Dopamine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Haloperidol; Ibotenic Acid; In Situ Hybridization; Isoenzymes; Male; Models, Animal; Neurotensin; Protein Precursors; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine; RNA, Messenger; Schizophrenia; Time Factors | 2003 |
Modulation of GABA release during morphine withdrawal in midbrain neurons in vitro.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adenosine; Affinity Labels; Animals; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Dipyridamole; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Isoquinolines; Male; Mesencephalon; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periaqueductal Gray; Probenecid; Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sulfonamides; Synaptic Transmission; Thioinosine; Time Factors; Uricosuric Agents; Vasodilator Agents; Xanthines | 2003 |
Substance P and enkephalinergic synapses onto neurokinin-1 receptor-immunoreactive neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex of rats.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microscopy, Electron; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Respiratory Center; Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission | 2004 |
Can lesions of GPe correct HD deficits?
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Humans; Huntington Disease; Substance P | 2004 |
Altered GABAergic neurotransmission in mice lacking dopamine D2 receptors.
Topics: Animals; Basal Ganglia; Brain Chemistry; Dopamine; Electroencephalography; Enkephalins; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Neural Inhibition; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, GABA-A; Seizures; Synaptic Transmission; Up-Regulation | 2004 |
Is the songbird Area X striatal, pallidal, or both? An anatomical study.
Topics: Animals; Basal Ganglia; Cell Count; Cell Size; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Colchicine; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Ibotenic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Songbirds; Substance P; Vocalization, Animal | 2004 |
Induction of delta-opioid receptor function in the midbrain after chronic morphine treatment.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Arrestins; beta-Arrestin 2; beta-Arrestins; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Isoquinolines; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Neurons; Oligopeptides; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periaqueductal Gray; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Strychnine; Sulfonamides; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors; Xanthines | 2005 |
The septal complex of the fire-bellied toad Bombina orientalis: chemoarchitecture.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Anura; Aspartic Acid; Calbindin 2; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; NADPH Dehydrogenase; Neural Pathways; Neuropeptide Y; Phylogeny; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Septal Nuclei; Serotonin; Somatostatin; Species Specificity; Substance P; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2006 |
Extensive overlap of mu-opioid and nicotinic sensitivity in cortical interneurons.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Electrophysiology; Enkephalins; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Interneurons; Neocortex; Nerve Net; Nicotinic Agonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channels; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Nicotinic; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
Presynaptic delta opioid receptors regulate ethanol actions in central amygdala.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 2007 |
Organization of endogenous opioids in the rostral agranular insular cortex of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Cerebral Cortex; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Interneurons; Male; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Oligopeptides; Opioid Peptides; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Protein Precursors; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2007 |
Unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of dopamine neurons and subchronic L-DOPA administration in the adult rat alters the expression of the vesicular GABA transporter in different subsets of striatal neurons and in the substantia nigra, pars reticulata.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Down-Regulation; Drug Administration Schedule; Enkephalins; Functional Laterality; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Levodopa; Male; Neurons; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Transmission; Up-Regulation; Vesicular Inhibitory Amino Acid Transport Proteins | 2007 |
Arginine vasopressin induces periaqueductal gray release of enkephalin and endorphin relating to pain modulation in the rat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; beta-Endorphin; Choline; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Epinephrine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Norepinephrine; Opioid Peptides; Oxytocin; Pain; Pain Threshold; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin | 2007 |
Efferent neurotransmitters in the human cochlea and vestibule.
Topics: Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cochlea; Ear, Inner; Efferent Pathways; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Neurotransmitter Agents; Peptide Fragments; Peripheral Nerves; Temporal Bone; Vestibule, Labyrinth | 2007 |
Prenatal exposure to valproic acid disturbs the enkephalinergic system functioning, basal hedonic tone, and emotional responses in an animal model of autism.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Anxiety; Autistic Disorder; Basal Ganglia; Conditioning, Classical; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Emotions; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Learning; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Recognition, Psychology; RNA, Messenger; Valproic Acid | 2007 |
Behavioral and biochemical correlates of the dyskinetic potential of dopaminergic agonists in the 6-OHDA lesioned rat.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Dynorphins; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Indoles; Male; Motor Activity; Neural Pathways; Opioid Peptides; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; RNA, Messenger | 2008 |
Plasticity of lumbosacral propriospinal neurons is associated with the development of autonomic dysreflexia after thoracic spinal cord transection.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Antibodies; Autonomic Dysreflexia; Biotin; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Dextrans; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Lumbosacral Region; Nerve Fibers; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries | 2008 |
5-HT(3A) receptor subunit is expressed in a subpopulation of GABAergic and enkephalinergic neurons in the mouse dorsal spinal cord.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Posterior Horn Cells; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord | 2008 |
Opioids modulate pain facilitation from the dorsal reticular nucleus.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Arthritis; Behavior, Animal; Efferent Pathways; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male; Neurons; Pain; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-B; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reticular Formation | 2008 |
Preproenkephalin mRNA is expressed in a subpopulation of GABAergic neurons in the spinal dorsal horn of the GAD67-GFP knock-in mouse.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Pain; Posterior Horn Cells; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord | 2008 |
Differential regulation of morphine antinociceptive effects by endogenous enkephalinergic system in the forebrain of mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Pain; Pain Threshold; Prosencephalon; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2008 |
Rhythmically active enkephalin-expressing GABAergic cells in the CA1 area of the hippocampus project to the subiculum and preferentially innervate interneurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Biological Clocks; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Interneurons; Male; Neural Pathways; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2008 |
Cannabinoid (CB(1)), GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptor subunit changes in the globus pallidus in Huntington's disease.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Brain Mapping; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Down-Regulation; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Humans; Huntington Disease; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Microscopy, Confocal; Middle Aged; Nerve Degeneration; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B; Substance P; Up-Regulation | 2009 |
Arginine vasopressin antinociception in the rat nucleus raphe magnus is involved in the endogenous opiate peptide and serotonin system.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Choline; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Indoles; Male; Opioid Peptides; Oxytocin; Pain; Pain Measurement; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin | 2009 |
Neuroanatomical characterization of endogenous opioids in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Neuroanatomy; Receptors, Opioid; RNA, Messenger; Septal Nuclei; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2009 |
Neurochemical properties of enkephalinergic neurons in lumbar spinal dorsal horn revealed by preproenkephalin-green fluorescent protein transgenic mice.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cell Count; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Lumbosacral Region; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurochemistry; Posterior Horn Cells; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord | 2010 |
Structures and connections of enkephalin- and γ-aminobutyric acid-immunoreactive profiles in the gustatory region of the nucleus tractus solitarius: a light and electron microscopic study.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Microscopy, Confocal; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Solitary Nucleus; Synapses | 2011 |
Expression pattern of enkephalinergic neurons in the developing spinal cord revealed by preproenkephalin-green fluorescent protein transgenic mouse and its colocalization with GABA immunoreactivity.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Protein Precursors; Protein Transport; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord; Staining and Labeling | 2011 |
Endogenous enkephalin does not contribute to the cerebral anti-hyperalgesic action of gabapentin.
Topics: Amines; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hyperalgesia; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Pain Measurement | 2010 |
Microdialysis and mass spectrometric monitoring of dopamine and enkephalins in the globus pallidus reveal reciprocal interactions that regulate movement.
Topics: Amino Acids; Amphetamine; Animals; Benzazepines; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Raclopride; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2011 |
Spatial and temporal distribution patterns of enkephalinergic neurons in adult and developing retinas of the preproenkephalin-green fluorescent protein transgenic mouse.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Protein Precursors; Qa-SNARE Proteins; Retina; Stilbamidines; Time Factors | 2012 |
GABAergic inputs from direct and indirect striatal projection neurons onto cholinergic interneurons in the primate putamen.
Topics: Animals; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Immunohistochemistry; Interneurons; Macaca mulatta; Microscopy, Electron; Neostriatum; Neurons; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Putamen; Substance P; Tissue Fixation | 2013 |
GABAergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area receive dual GABA/enkephalin-mediated inhibitory inputs from the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Cells, Cultured; Dendrites; Dopaminergic Neurons; Enkephalins; GABAergic Neurons; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neural Inhibition; Neuropil; Protein Precursors; Protein Transport; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Opioid, mu; RNA, Messenger; Septal Nuclei; Ventral Tegmental Area; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2014 |
Distinct developmental origins manifest in the specialized encoding of movement by adult neurons of the external globus pallidus.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cell Lineage; Enkephalins; Forkhead Transcription Factors; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Mice; Movement; Neurons; Nuclear Proteins; Protein Precursors; Repressor Proteins; ROC Curve; Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; Transcription Factors | 2015 |
GABA and enkephalin tonically alter sympathetic outflows in the rat spinal cord.
Topics: Adipose Tissue, Brown; Animals; Bicuculline; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Enkephalins; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Heart Rate; Male; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Protein Precursors; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord; Sympathetic Nervous System | 2015 |
Identifying local and descending inputs for primary sensory neurons.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Defective Viruses; Efferent Pathways; Enkephalins; Forelimb; GABAergic Neurons; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Spinal; Hyperalgesia; Interneurons; Nerve Net; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neural Conduction; Neurons, Afferent; Neurons, Efferent; Nociception; Nociceptors; Posterior Horn Cells; Presynaptic Terminals; Rabies virus; Sensory Receptor Cells; Skin; Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn; Virus Replication | 2015 |
Distinct forms of synaptic inhibition and neuromodulation regulate calretinin-positive neuron excitability in the spinal cord dorsal horn.
Topics: Animals; Calbindin 2; Enkephalins; Female; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Miniature Postsynaptic Potentials; Norepinephrine; Posterior Horn Cells; Receptors, GABA-A; Serotonin; Synaptic Transmission | 2016 |
Enkephalin and neuropeptide-Y interaction in the intergeniculate leaflet network, a part of the mammalian biological clock.
Topics: Animals; Biological Clocks; Enkephalins; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Miniature Postsynaptic Potentials; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Neurotransmitter Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats, Wistar; Synaptic Transmission; Thalamic Nuclei; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2017 |
Dopamine D2 receptors bidirectionally regulate striatal enkephalin expression: Implications for cocaine reward.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Mice; Narcotic Antagonists; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Reward; RNA, Messenger | 2022 |