enkephalin, leucine and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine

enkephalin, leucine has been researched along with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine in 31 studies

Research

Studies (31)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19904 (12.90)18.7374
1990's12 (38.71)18.2507
2000's11 (35.48)29.6817
2010's4 (12.90)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Chong, PN; de Ceballos, ML; Jenner, P; Marsden, CD; Rose, S; Taylor, MD1
Duchemin, AM; Gudehithlu, KP; Hadjiconstantinou, M; Neff, NH; Tejwani, GA1
Sheng, J1
Chen, S1
Agid, Y; Benoliel, JT; Cesselin, F; Javoy-Agid, F; Jenner, P; Marsden, CD; Mauborgne, A; Rose, S; Taquet, H1
Agid, Y; Benoliel, JJ; Javoy-Agid, F; Jenner, P; Legrand, JC; Marsden, CD; Mauborgne, A; Nomoto, M; Rose, S; Taquet, H1
Augood, SJ; Boyce, S; Clarke, CE; Crossman, AR; Emson, PC; Mitchell, IJ1
Sheng, JG; Xu, DL; Yu, HZ1
Jenner, P; Jolkkonen, J; Marsden, CD1
Nishiyama, N; Schwartz, JP1
Asselin, MC; Côté, PY; Parent, A; Soghomonian, JJ1
Cosi, C; Harvey-White, JD; Mitsuo, K; Schwartz, JP1
Höllt, V; Horn, G; Kupsch, A; Ziolkowska, B1
Asselin, MC; Côté, PY; Parent, A1
Bédard, PJ; Blanchet, PJ; Calon, F; Di Paolo, T; Goulet, M; Morissette, M; Soghomonian, JJ1
Bédard, PJ; Di Paolo, T; Goulet, M; Grondin, R; Morissette, M1
Haber, SN; Song, DD1
Schneider, JS; Schroeder, JA1
Di Monte, DA; Langston, JW; Police, S; Quik, M1
Andrén, PE; Gunne, L; Klintenberg, R; Svenningsson, P1
Bezard, E; Bioulac, B; Dovero, S; Gross, CE; Jaber, M; Ravenscroft, P1
Bezard, E; Bioulac, B; Dovero, S; Gross, CE; Meissner, W1
Brotchie, JM; Crossman, AR; Duty, S; Fox, SH; Henry, B1
Betarbet, R; Greenamyre, JT1
Aubert, I; Bezard, E; Bioulac, BH; Bloch, B; Crossman, AR; Dovero, S; Gross, CE; Guigoni, C; Li, Q1
Di Paolo, T; Morissette, M1
Brotchie, JM; Fox, SH; Johnston, T; Millan, MJ; Reyes, G; Visanji, NP1
Aosaki, T; Imanishi, M; Inoue, R; Kobayashi, K; Masuda, M; Miura, M; Saino-Saito, S; Takada, M1
Di Paolo, T; Grégoire, L; Jourdain, VA; Morin, N; Morissette, M1
Battaglia, G; Bruno, V; Bucci, D; Cannella, M; Gradini, R; Molinaro, G; Motolese, M; Nicoletti, F1
Ahn, S; Hong, S; Jang, J; Jeon, S; Jung, YR; Kim, J; Oh, JY; Park, HJ; Park, SU; Shin, HS; Song, MA; Song, TJ1

Other Studies

31 other study(ies) available for enkephalin, leucine and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine

ArticleYear
Neuropeptide levels in the basal ganglia of aged common marmosets following prolonged treatment with MPTP.
    Journal of neural transmission. Parkinson's disease and dementia section, 1991, Volume: 3, Issue:2

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Aging; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Biogenic Monoamines; Callithrix; Caudate Nucleus; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Globus Pallidus; Homovanillic Acid; Male; Neuropeptides; Neurotensin; Putamen; Reference Values; Sincalide; Substance P

1991
Preproenkephalin mRNA and methionine-enkephalin increase in mouse striatum after 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine treatment.
    Journal of neurochemistry, 1991, Volume: 56, Issue:3

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; G(M1) Ganglioside; Immunologic Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Nomifensine; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Selegiline

1991
[Effects of monoamine oxidase B inhibitor and MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetra-hydropyridine) on enkephalin levels in mice].
    Zhonghua shen jing jing shen ke za zhi = Chinese journal of neurology and psychiatry, 1990, Volume: 23, Issue:2

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Male; Mice; Phenethylamines; Radioimmunoassay; Selegiline

1990
[Experimental research on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced parkinsonian animal models in the rhesus monkey and C57 black mouse].
    Zhonghua yi xue za zhi, 1990, Volume: 70, Issue:5

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Macaca mulatta; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Substantia Nigra

1990
Lack of change in basal ganglia neuropeptide content following subacute 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine treatment of the common marmoset.
    Journal of neurochemistry, 1986, Volume: 47, Issue:5

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Behavior, Animal; Callitrichinae; Caudate Nucleus; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Homovanillic Acid; Male; Neuropeptides; Putamen; Pyridines; Sincalide; Substance P

1986
Levels of Met-enkephalin, Leu-enkephalin, substance P and cholecystokinin in the brain of the common marmoset following long term 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6,-tetrahydropyridine treatment.
    Neuropeptides, 1988, Volume: 12, Issue:3

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Brain; Callitrichinae; Cholecystokinin; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Homovanillic Acid; Male; Organ Specificity; Pyridines; Reference Values; Substance P

1988
Cellular localisation of enkephalin gene expression in MPTP-treated cynomolgus monkeys.
    Brain research. Molecular brain research, 1989, Volume: 6, Issue:1

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; DNA; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Macaca; Macaca fascicularis; Male; Neurotoxins; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Pyridines

1989
L-deprenyl in prevention of MPTP induced depletion of striatal enkephalins in mice.
    Chinese medical journal, 1988, Volume: 101, Issue:4

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Parkinson Disease; Phenethylamines; Pyridines; Selegiline; Stereoisomerism

1988
L-DOPA reverses altered gene expression of substance P but not enkephalin in the caudate-putamen of common marmosets treated with MPTP.
    Brain research. Molecular brain research, 1995, Volume: 32, Issue:2

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Autoradiography; Callithrix; Caudate Nucleus; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression; In Situ Hybridization; Levodopa; Male; Mazindol; Motor Activity; Nucleus Accumbens; Putamen; RNA, Messenger; Substance P

1995
Neurotrophic factor gene expression in astrocytes during development and following injury.
    Brain research bulletin, 1994, Volume: 35, Issue:5-6

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Astrocytes; Blotting, Northern; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cells, Cultured; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Male; Nerve Growth Factors; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Oxidopamine; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; RNA; Substantia Nigra; Sympathectomy, Chemical

1994
Striatal changes in preproenkephalin mRNA levels in parkinsonian monkeys.
    Neuroreport, 1994, Oct-27, Volume: 5, Issue:16

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Histocytochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Protein Precursors; Reference Values; RNA, Messenger; Saimiri

1994
1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) effects on enkephalinergic neurons in various regions of mouse brain.
    Neurochemistry international, 1993, Volume: 22, Issue:2

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Frontal Lobe; Homovanillic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Norepinephrine; Olfactory Pathways; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger

1993
The expression of proenkephalin and prodynorphin genes and the induction of c-fos gene by dopaminergic drugs are not altered in the straitum of MPTP-treated mice.
    Journal of neural transmission. Parkinson's disease and dementia section, 1995, Volume: 9, Issue:2-3

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Autoradiography; Blotting, Northern; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Dopamine Agonists; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Genes, fos; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neostriatum; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase

1995
Dopaminergic regulation of peptide gene expression in the striatum of normal and parkinsonian monkeys.
    Advances in neurology, 1996, Volume: 69

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Autoradiography; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Immunohistochemistry; Neostriatum; Neuropeptides; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Protein Precursors; Saimiri; Tachykinins; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase

1996
Preproenkephalin mRNA expression in the caudate-putamen of MPTP monkeys after chronic treatment with the D2 agonist U91356A in continuous or intermittent mode of administration: comparison with L-DOPA therapy.
    Brain research. Molecular brain research, 1997, Oct-03, Volume: 49, Issue:1-2

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Aminoquinolines; Animals; Caudate Nucleus; Dopamine Agonists; Enkephalins; Female; Imidazoles; In Situ Hybridization; Levodopa; Macaca fascicularis; Ovariectomy; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Protein Precursors; Putamen; Receptors, Dopamine D2; RNA, Messenger; Transcription, Genetic

1997
Differential regulation of striatal preproenkephalin and preprotachykinin mRNA levels in MPTP-lesioned monkeys chronically treated with dopamine D1 or D2 receptor agonists.
    Journal of neurochemistry, 1999, Volume: 72, Issue:2

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzazepines; Brain Chemistry; Cabergoline; Corpus Striatum; Denervation; Dopamine Agents; Dopamine Agonists; Enkephalins; Ergolines; Female; Gene Expression; Macaca fascicularis; Movement Disorders; Protein Precursors; Pulsatile Flow; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; RNA, Messenger; Tachykinins

1999
Striatal responses to partial dopaminergic lesion: evidence for compensatory sprouting.
    The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2000, Jul-01, Volume: 20, Issue:13

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Enkephalins; GAP-43 Protein; Gene Expression Regulation; Macaca nemestrina; Nerve Fibers; Protein Precursors; Reference Values; RNA, Messenger; Transcription, Genetic; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase

2000
Striatal enkephalin gene expression does not reflect parkinsonian signs.
    Neuroreport, 2000, Jun-26, Volume: 11, Issue:9

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cats; Caudate Nucleus; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine Agents; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression; Male; Motor Activity; Parkinson Disease; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Protein Precursors; Recovery of Function; RNA, Messenger

2000
Increases in striatal preproenkephalin gene expression are associated with nigrostriatal damage but not L-DOPA-induced dyskinesias in the squirrel monkey.
    Neuroscience, 2002, Volume: 113, Issue:1

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Autoradiography; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine Agents; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Dyskinesias; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; In Situ Hybridization; Levodopa; Male; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Saimiri; Substantia Nigra; Time Factors

2002
Naloxone reduces levodopa-induced dyskinesias and apomorphine-induced rotations in primate models of parkinsonism.
    Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996), 2002, Volume: 109, Issue:10

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Benserazide; Callithrix; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Dopamine Antagonists; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Female; In Situ Hybridization; Levodopa; Male; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Protein Precursors; RNA; Rotation; Stereotyped Behavior; Sympathectomy, Chemical

2002
Pattern of levodopa-induced striatal changes is different in normal and MPTP-lesioned mice.
    Journal of neurochemistry, 2003, Volume: 84, Issue:6

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Binding, Competitive; Chronic Disease; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Enkephalins; Levodopa; Male; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Dopamine D3; RNA, Messenger; Substantia Nigra; Tachykinins; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase

2003
Compensatory regulation of striatal neuropeptide gene expression occurs before changes in metabolic activity of basal ganglia nuclei.
    Neurobiology of disease, 2003, Volume: 13, Issue:1

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Electron Transport Complex IV; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neuropeptides; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Dopamine D3; RNA, Messenger; Tachykinins

2003
Increased striatal pre-proenkephalin B expression is associated with dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease.
    Experimental neurology, 2003, Volume: 183, Issue:2

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Female; Humans; Macaca mulatta; Male; Parkinson Disease; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger

2003
Regulation of dopamine receptor and neuropeptide expression in the basal ganglia of monkeys treated with MPTP.
    Experimental neurology, 2004, Volume: 189, Issue:2

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Down-Regulation; Enkephalins; Female; Functional Laterality; Globus Pallidus; Macaca mulatta; Neostriatum; Neuropeptides; Parkinsonian Disorders; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Substance P; Substantia Nigra; Up-Regulation

2004
Enhanced preproenkephalin-B-derived opioid transmission in striatum and subthalamic nucleus converges upon globus pallidus internalis in L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine-induced dyskinesia.
    Biological psychiatry, 2007, Apr-01, Volume: 61, Issue:7

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Corpus Striatum; Drug Interactions; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; In Situ Hybridization; Levodopa; Macaca fascicularis; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Radioligand Assay; Receptors, Opioid; Regression Analysis; RNA, Messenger; Subthalamic Nucleus

2007
Effect of estradiol on striatal dopamine activity of female hemiparkinsonian monkeys.
    Journal of neuroscience research, 2009, May-15, Volume: 87, Issue:7

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Autoradiography; Biogenic Amines; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Enkephalins; Estradiol; Estrogens; Female; In Situ Hybridization; Iodine Radioisotopes; Macaca fascicularis; Ovariectomy; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger

2009
Dopamine D3 receptor stimulation underlies the development of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in animal models of Parkinson's disease.
    Neurobiology of disease, 2009, Volume: 35, Issue:2

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Benzopyrans; Callithrix; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; Dopamine Antagonists; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Female; Levodopa; Male; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Pyrroles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Dopamine D3; RNA, Messenger

2009
Postnatal development of tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA-expressing neurons in mouse neostriatum.
    The European journal of neuroscience, 2011, Volume: 34, Issue:9

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bromodeoxyuridine; Calbindins; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Dopamine Agents; Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; Doublecortin Domain Proteins; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Green Fluorescent Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Neostriatum; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; RNA, Messenger; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Tubulin; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase

2011
Long-term treatment with l-DOPA and an mGlu5 receptor antagonist prevents changes in brain basal ganglia dopamine receptors, their associated signaling proteins and neuropeptides in parkinsonian monkeys.
    Neuropharmacology, 2014, Volume: 79

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Basal Ganglia; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine Antagonists; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Dynorphins; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Levodopa; Macaca fascicularis; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Pyridines; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; RNA, Messenger

2014
Changes in the expression of genes encoding for mGlu4 and mGlu5 receptors and other regulators of the indirect pathway in acute mouse models of drug-induced parkinsonism.
    Neuropharmacology, 2015, Volume: 95

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Acute Disease; Animals; Catalepsy; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; Haloperidol; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Adenosine A2; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Time Factors; Ventral Thalamic Nuclei

2015
Effects of a combination treatment of KD5040 and
    BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2017, Apr-19, Volume: 17, Issue:1

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Brain; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Levodopa; Magnoliopsida; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Movement; Parkinson Disease; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Substance P

2017