enkephalin, d-penicillamine (2,5)- has been researched along with morphine in 280 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 43 (15.36) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 179 (63.93) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 39 (13.93) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 16 (5.71) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 3 (1.07) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Bell, GI; Chen, Y; Kong, H; Raynor, K; Reisine, T; Yasuda, K; Yu, L | 1 |
| Adapa, ID; Auh, JS; Berzetei-Gurske, IP; Brandt, SR; Craymer, K; Farrington, L; Haggart, D; Kennedy, JM; O'Brien, A; Polgar, WE; Rodriguez, L; Schwartz, RW; Toll, L; White, A | 1 |
| Borics, A; Eans, SO; Grinnell, SG; Hunkele, A; Kalra, S; Le Rouzic, V; Majumdar, S; Marrone, GF; McLaughlin, JP; Medina, JM; Narayan, A; Pagirsky, J; Palmer, TC; Pan, YX; Pasternak, GW; Subrath, JJ; Szabó, MR; Váradi, A; Warner, E; Xu, J | 1 |
| Bedini, A; Cavina, L; De Marco, R; Gentilucci, L; Pirazzoli, E; Spampinato, S | 1 |
| Aricò, G; Panarello, F; Pappalardo, MS; Parenti, C; Pasquinucci, L; Ronsisvalle, N; Ronsisvalle, S; Spadaro, A | 1 |
| Chang, HF; Chang, WT; Chen, SC; Chen, SR; Hsieh, CC; Ke, YY; Lai, YK; Law, PY; Lin, SY; Loh, HH; Ou, LC; Shih, C; Ueng, SH; Wu, ZH; Yeh, SH; Yeh, TK | 1 |
| Avery, BA; Behnke, M; Chear, NJ; Hiranita, T; Kamble, SH; León, F; McCurdy, CR; McMahon, LR; Obeng, S; Patel, A; Ramanathan, S; Reeves, ME; Restrepo, LF; Sharma, A | 1 |
| Bihel, F; Drieu la Rochelle, A; Elhabazi, K; Gizzi, P; Henningsen, JB; Ilien, B; Kugler, V; Quillet, R; Schmitt, M; Schneider, S; Simonin, F; Simonneaux, V; Utard, V | 1 |
| Chen, D; Fang, Q; Li, N; Niu, J; Shi, X; Shi, Y; Xiao, J; Xu, B; Xu, K; Zhang, M; Zhang, Q; Zhang, R | 1 |
| Maixner, W; Suarez-Roca, H | 1 |
| Grossman, A; Hucks, D; Joel, SP; McLoughlin, L; Patel, N; Rees, LH; Slevin, ML; Thompson, PI | 1 |
| Haaseth, RC; Horan, P; Hruby, VJ; Matsunaga, TO; Porreca, F; Tallarida, RJ | 1 |
| Eriksson, PS; Hansson, E; Rönnbäck, L | 2 |
| Aoki, T; Kamei, J; Kasuya, Y; Kawasima, N; Ohhashi, Y | 1 |
| Laorden, ML; Micol, JA | 2 |
| DeLander, GE; Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F | 1 |
| Cabral, JD; Leedham, JA; Monroe, PJ; Robertson, B; Smith, DJ; Taylor, DA | 1 |
| Dziedzicka, M; Lasoń, W; Przewłocka, B; Przewłocki, R | 1 |
| Billings, B; Candido, J; Duttaroy, A; Lutfy, K; Sierra, V; Yoburn, BC; Zito, SW | 1 |
| Bot, G; Brent, PJ; Chahl, LA; Johnston, PA | 1 |
| Cunningham, ST; Kelley, AE | 1 |
| Hudson, GM; Marquis, KL; Stamidis, H; Young, GA | 1 |
| Bot, G; Brent, PJ | 1 |
| Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F; Vanderah, T; Wild, KD | 1 |
| Christensen, CB; Reiff, L | 1 |
| Mjanger, E; Yaksh, TL | 1 |
| Bridges, RS; Kinsley, CH; Mann, PE | 1 |
| deCosta, B; Jiang, Q; Porreca, F; Rice, KC | 1 |
| Collins, JG; Kitahata, LM; Nakatani, K; Omote, K | 1 |
| Frank, C; Proietti, ML; Sagratella, S; Scotti De Carolis, A; Trampus, M | 1 |
| de Costa, BR; Drower, EJ; Hammond, DL; Rafferty, MF; Rice, KC; Stapelfeld, A | 1 |
| Bhargava, HN; Gulati, A; Rahmani, NH | 1 |
| Kamei, J; Kasuya, Y; Tanihara, H | 1 |
| Cowan, A; Li, SX; Liu-Chen, LY; Wheeler-Aceto, H | 1 |
| Bousselmame, R; Costentin, J; Michael-Titus, A | 1 |
| Hattori, Y; Katafuchi, T; Koizumi, K | 1 |
| Adams, JU; Holtzman, SG | 2 |
| Alberch, J; Arenas, E; Marsal, J | 2 |
| Duan, DS; Eiger, S; Lameh, J; Sadée, W; Yu, VC | 1 |
| Jones, AJ; Keen, P; Ray, NJ | 1 |
| Fujimoto, JM; Rady, JJ; Roerig, SC | 1 |
| Butt, W; Cowan, A; Fisher, RS; Krevsky, B; Maurer, AH | 1 |
| Collins, JG; Kitahata, LM; Nakagawa, I; Nakatani, K; Omote, K | 1 |
| Amerini, S; Ledda, F; Mantelli, L; Rubino, A | 1 |
| Suh, HH; Tseng, LF | 3 |
| Alberch, J; Arenas, E; Marsal, J; Sanchez Arroyos, R | 1 |
| Osborne, PB; Pan, ZZ; Williams, JT | 1 |
| Calcagnetti, DJ; Holtzman, SG | 1 |
| Jiang, Q; Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F | 2 |
| Bettaney, J; Dray, A; James, IF; Ketchum, SB; Perkins, MN | 1 |
| Knapp, RJ; Yamamura, HI | 1 |
| Bodnar, RJ; Pasternak, GW; Paul, D | 1 |
| Mickley, GA; Mulvihill, MA; Postler, MA | 1 |
| Baba, A; Doi, M; Inoue, M; Ishida, T; Iwata, H; Katagawa, Y; Kitamura, K; Sadatome, T; Yara, H; Yasuda, M | 1 |
| Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F; Qi, JN | 1 |
| Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F; Qi, JA | 1 |
| Bowen, WD; Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F; Qi, JA; Rothman, RB | 1 |
| Coombes, JE; Pumford, KM; Russell, JA; Sumner, BE | 1 |
| Ayres, EA; Burks, TF; Davis, P | 1 |
| Green, J; Harris, S; Lloyd, P; Lozito, R; Messineo, E; Ossipov, MH | 1 |
| Cowan, A; Murray, CW | 1 |
| Burks, TF; Malarchik, ME; Moseberg, HI; Porreca, F; Rivière, PJ; Sheldon, RJ | 1 |
| Barnes, PJ; Belvisi, MG; Chung, KF; Jackson, DM | 1 |
| Burks, TF; Gehrig, CA; Hruby, VJ; Lemcke, PK; Shook, JE | 1 |
| Jackson, HC; Kitchen, I | 1 |
| Haaseth, RC; Heyman, JS; Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F; Vaught, JL | 1 |
| Bueno, L; Gué, M; Junien, JL | 1 |
| Dewey, WL; Singha, AK; Welch, SP | 1 |
| Chavkin, C; Opheim, KE; Wimpey, TL | 1 |
| Bodnar, RJ; Gistrak, MA; Pasternak, GW; Paul, D | 1 |
| Nunan, L; Porreca, F; Sheldon, RJ | 2 |
| Fujimoto, JM; Roerig, SC | 1 |
| Garzón, J; Sánchez-Blázquez, P; Ulibarri, I | 1 |
| Han, JS; Han, SP; Lu, Z; Ren, MF; Wang, JF; Wang, XJ | 1 |
| Jacoby, HI; Mathiasen, JR; Raffa, RB | 1 |
| Heyman, JS; Mosberg, HI; Mulvaney, SA; Porreca, F | 1 |
| Gratton, A; Jenck, F; Wise, RA | 1 |
| Jenck, F; Quirion, R; Wise, RA | 1 |
| Burks, TF; Hruby, VJ; Pelton, JT; Shook, JE | 1 |
| Heyman, JS; Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F | 1 |
| Bals-Kubik, R; Herz, A; Shippenberg, TS | 1 |
| Burks, TF; Fox, DA | 1 |
| Mathiasen, JR; Raffa, RB; Vaught, JL | 2 |
| Burks, TF; Heyman, JS; Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F; Williams, CL | 1 |
| Bykov, V; Ofri, D; Rice, KC; Rothman, RB | 1 |
| Bodnar, RJ; Lee, SJ; Pasternak, GW; Williams, CL | 1 |
| Brown, DQ; Mathiasen, JR; Raffa, RB | 1 |
| Ho, BY; Naeseth, JS; Portoghese, PS; Takemori, AE | 1 |
| Gulya, K; Kovács, GL; Kriván, M; Nyolczas, N | 1 |
| Heyman, JS; Porreca, F | 1 |
| Burks, TF; Deupree, D; Hruby, V; Hsiao, S; Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F; Spencer, RL | 1 |
| Bero, LA; Kuhn, CM; Lurie, SN | 1 |
| Cowan, A; Mosberg, HI; Omnaas, JR; Porreca, F; Zhu, XZ | 1 |
| Li, CH; Suh, HH; Tseng, LF | 1 |
| Cotton, R; Kosterlitz, HW; Paterson, SJ; Rance, MJ; Traynor, JR | 1 |
| Hansen, HA; Mulder, AH; Schoffelmeer, AN; Stoof, JC | 1 |
| Heyman, JS; Koslo, RJ; Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F; Tallarida, RJ | 1 |
| Chang, KJ; Leslie, JB; Russell, RD; Su, YF; Watkins, WD | 1 |
| Hogenboom, F; Mulder, AH; Schoffelmeer, AN; Wardeh, G | 1 |
| Heyman, JS; Mosberg, HI; Omnaas, JR; Porreca, F; Vaught, JL | 1 |
| Mathiasen, JR; Vaught, JL | 1 |
| Bozarth, M; Jenck, F; Wise, RA | 1 |
| Burks, TF; Hruby, VJ; Hurst, R; Mosberg, HI; Porreca, F | 1 |
| Garzón, J; Sánchez-Blázquez, P | 1 |
| Cadet, JL; Elmer, GI; Epstein, CJ; Evans, JL; Ladenheim, B | 1 |
| Capasso, A; Carnuccio, R; D'Acquisto, F; Iuvone, T | 1 |
| Choi, YS; Kim, YH; Sim, YB; Song, DK; Suh, HW | 1 |
| Cheng, PY; Soong, Y; Szeto, HH; Wu, DL | 1 |
| Fukuda, K; Kato, S; Mori, K; Terasako, K | 1 |
| Endoh, T; Misawa, M; Mori, T; Nagase, H; Suzuki, T; Tsuji, M | 1 |
| Bass, PP; Welch, SP | 1 |
| Kuraishi, Y; Oyama, T; Satoh, M; Sugimoto, K; Ueda, M | 1 |
| Collins, JG; Harada, Y; Kitahata, LM; Nakatani, K; Nishioka, K | 1 |
| Collins, JG; Harada, Y; Kishikawa, K; Kitahata, LM; Nishioka, K | 1 |
| Alsasua, A; Martín, MI; Parra, L; Pérez-Vizcaíno, F; Tamargo, J | 1 |
| Fujimoto, JM; Rady, JJ | 1 |
| Paul, D; Tran, JG | 1 |
| Klitenick, MA; Wirtshafter, D | 1 |
| Akay, M; Akay, YM; Cheng, P; Szeto, HH | 1 |
| Evans, CJ; Hales, TG; Law, PY; Loh, HH; Piros, ET; Prather, PL | 1 |
| Crain, SM; Shen, KF | 1 |
| Balboni, G; Bianchi, C; Bryant, SD; D'Angeli, F; Lazarus, LH; Marchetti, P; Salvadori, S | 1 |
| Ananthan, S; Cha, XY; Lai, J; Porreca, F; Rice, KC; Rothman, RB; Xu, H | 1 |
| Alfaro, MJ; Goicoechea, C; Lopez, F; Martin, MI; Ormazabal, MJ | 1 |
| Tseng, LF; Xu, JY | 1 |
| Kim, YH; Song, DK; Suh, HW; Tseng, LF; Yoo, JS | 1 |
| Kamei, J; Misawa, M; Mizoguchi, H; Nagase, H; Suzuki, T; Yoshiike, M | 1 |
| Kamei, J; Kasuya, Y; Kawashima, N; Misawa, M; Narita, M; Suzuki, T | 1 |
| Nagasaka, H; Yaksh, TL | 1 |
| Mignat, C; Wille, U; Ziegler, A | 1 |
| Capasso, A; Di Giannuario, A; Domenici, MR; Loizzo, A; Pieretti, S; Sagratella, S; Sorrentino, L | 1 |
| Mitrovic, I; Napier, TC | 1 |
| Garzón, J; Martínez-Peña, Y; Sánchez-Blázquez, P | 1 |
| Jauzac, P; Polastron, J | 1 |
| Chang, SL; Ge, LJ; Harrison, LM; Kastin, AJ; Zadina, JE | 1 |
| Kolesnikov, YA; Maccechini, ML; Pasternak, GW | 1 |
| Brent, PJ; Bunn, SJ | 1 |
| Chien, CC; Pasternak, GW | 1 |
| Hirokami, M; Matsumoto, M; Saito, H; Togashi, H; Yoshioka, M | 1 |
| Demura, H; Hotta, M; Imaki, T; Ling, N; Shibasaki, T | 1 |
| Garty, M; Keren, O; Sarne, Y | 1 |
| Randich, A; Robertson, JD; Willingham, T | 1 |
| Han, JS; Ren, MF; Wang, JF; Xue, JC | 1 |
| Castro, MA; Garzón, J; Juarros, JL; Sánchez-Blázquez, P | 1 |
| Maier, SF; Mooney-Heiberger, K; Watkins, LR; Wiertelak, EP; Yang, HY | 1 |
| Baumeister, AA; Chaney, TM; Curtis, W; Hurry, M; Leoni, RR; Wolf, E | 1 |
| Hirokami, M; Ikeda, T; Matsumoto, M; Saito, H; Smith, CB; Tochihara, M; Togashi, H; Yoshioka, M | 1 |
| Devine, DP; Wise, RA | 1 |
| Brusa, L; D'Amore, A; Lorenzini, P; Massotti, M | 1 |
| Higuchi, H; Kuo, CH; Miki, N; Nakano, K; Osugi, T | 1 |
| Hasegawa, A; Nagamatsu, K; Tagawa, Y; Uchida, S | 1 |
| Collins, KA; Lin, JJ; Tseng, LF | 1 |
| Lanthorn, TH; Watson, GB | 1 |
| Tiseo, PJ; Yaksh, TL | 1 |
| Fan, LQ; Gioannini, TL; Hiller, JM; Hyde, L; Ofri, D; Simon, EJ; Yao, YH | 1 |
| Matsumoto, M; Saito, H; Smith, CB; Togashi, H; Yoshioka, M | 1 |
| Baumhaker, Y; Gafni, M; Keren, O; Sarne, Y | 1 |
| Cheng, PY; Decena, JA; McCabe, S; Soong, Y; Szeto, HH; Wu, D | 1 |
| Adams, JU; Adler, MW; Geller, EB; Tallarida, RJ | 1 |
| Goñalons, E; Jiménez, M; Martínez, V; Vergara, P | 1 |
| Hong, M; Jhamandas, K; Sutak, M | 1 |
| García-España, A; Garzón, J; Sánchez-Blázquez, P | 1 |
| Borgbjerg, FM; Frigast, C; Madsen, JB; Mikkelsen, LF | 1 |
| Choi, YS; Kim, YH; Song, DK; Suh, HW | 1 |
| Haney, M; Miczek, KA | 1 |
| Danzebrink, RM; Gebhart, GF; Green, SA | 1 |
| Chaplan, SR; Lee, YW; Yaksh, TL | 1 |
| Hruby, VJ; Kovelowski, CJ; Nichols, ML; Ossipov, MH; Porreca, F | 1 |
| Avidor-Reiss, T; Levy, R; Nevo, I; Pfeuffer, T; Vogel, Z | 1 |
| Chang, KJ; Li, LY | 1 |
| Bailey, EC; Bruce, DS; Hellgren, EC; Horton, ND; Jacobson, D; Oeltgen, PR; Setran, DP; Tramell, MS | 1 |
| Bhargava, HN; Zhao, GM | 1 |
| Gouardères, C; Jhamandas, K; Sutak, M; Zajac, JM | 1 |
| Cox, BM; Noble, F | 1 |
| Kar, S; Ménard, DP; Quirion, R; van Rossum, D | 1 |
| Bot, G; Chahl, LA | 1 |
| Jewett, DC; Mosberg, HI; Woods, JH | 1 |
| Choi, SR; Kim, YH; Lee, KJ; Song, DK; Suh, HW | 1 |
| Choi, SR; Chung, KM; Kim, YH; Song, DK; Suh, HW | 1 |
| Chien, CC; Pasternak, GW; Ryan-Moro, J; Standifer, KM | 1 |
| Bhargava, HN; Bian, JT | 1 |
| Peter, Y; Pick, CG; Schreiber, S; Weizman, R | 1 |
| Choi, YS; Kim, YH; Song, DK; Suh, HW; Tseng, LF; Yoo, JS | 1 |
| Darula, Z; Fürst, S; Gyires, K; Rónai, AZ; Tóth, G | 1 |
| Bhargava, HN; Cao, YJ; Zhao, GM | 2 |
| Bhargava, HN; Cao, YJ | 3 |
| Kishimoto, Y; Maeda, J; Misawa, M; Mori, T; Nagase, H; Suzuki, T; Tsuji, M | 1 |
| Kuraishi, Y; Tohda, C; Yamaguchi, T | 1 |
| Blake, AD; Bot, G; Li, S; Reisine, T | 1 |
| Rothe, KS; Stevens, CW | 1 |
| Kelley, AE; Zhang, M | 1 |
| Inturrisi, CE; Kao, B; Kest, B; McLemore, G | 1 |
| Jain, S; Kolesnikov, Y; Pasternak, GW; Wilson, R | 1 |
| Bardin, M; Bourget, P; Caussade, F; Coudore, F; Courteix, C; Eschalier, A; Fialip, J | 1 |
| Liu, HC; Loh, HH; Roy, S | 1 |
| Herlenius, E; Lindahl, SG; Takita, K; Yamamoto, Y | 1 |
| Aynsley-Green, A; Dashwood, MR; Dickenson, AH; Fitzgerald, M; Rahman, W | 1 |
| Miczek, KA; Vivian, JA | 1 |
| Abdulla, FA; Smith, PA | 1 |
| Fujimoto, JM; Gorny, JM; Rady, JJ | 1 |
| Holtzman, SG; Waddell, AB | 1 |
| Fuchs, PN; Raja, SN; Roza, C; Sora, I; Uhl, G | 1 |
| DeAntonio, I; DeFelipe, J; García-España, A; Garzón, J; Rodríguez, JR; Sánchez-Blázquez, P | 1 |
| Chang, A; King, M; Pasternak, GW | 1 |
| Mizoguchi, H; Narita, M; Sora, I; Tseng, LF; Uhl, GR | 1 |
| Minami, M; Nakagawa, T; Ozawa, T; Satoh, M; Watanabe, T | 1 |
| Fujimoto, JM; Holmes, BB; Rady, JJ | 1 |
| Foss, JF; Yuan, CS | 1 |
| Garzón, J; Pol, O; Puig, MM; Sánchez-Blázquez, P; Valle, L | 1 |
| Dickenson, A; Fitzgerald, M; Hatch, D; Marsh, D | 2 |
| Kim, SJ; Lee, DE; Zhuo, M | 1 |
| Lohmann, AB; Welch, SP | 2 |
| Chung, KM; Huh, SO; Kim, YH; Song, DK; Suh, HW | 1 |
| Elde, RP; King, MA; Nitsche, JF; Pasternak, GW; Pintar, JE; Reidl, M; Schuller, AG; Unterwald, E; Zhu, Y | 1 |
| Li, J; Li, X; Pei, G; Qin, BY | 1 |
| Allescher, HD; Brechmann, C; Hahn, A; Schusdziarra, V; Storr, M | 1 |
| Bilecki, W; Höllt, V; Przewłocki, R | 1 |
| Beslot, F; Ledent, C; Parmentier, M; Roques, BP; Valverde, O | 1 |
| Elde, RP; Hauser, KF; Houdi, AA; Maxson, W; Turbek, CS | 1 |
| Misawa, M; Mizoguchi, H; Nagase, H; Narita, M; Suzuki, T; Takahashi-Nakano, Y; Tseng, LF; Yajima, Y | 1 |
| Boyd, RE; Carson, JR; Codd, EE; Gauthier, AD; Neilson, LA; Zhang, SP | 1 |
| Bereiter, DA; Hirata, H; Hu, JW; Takeshita, S | 1 |
| Singh, PP; Singh, S | 1 |
| Akil, H; Bonner, G; Meng, F | 1 |
| Campbell, WB; Fujimoto, JM; Rady, JJ | 1 |
| Chang, A; King, M; Pasternak, GW; Su, W; Zuckerman, A | 1 |
| Kieffer, BL; Maldonado, R; Matthes, HW; Melchiorri, P; Negri, L; Severini, C | 1 |
| Horie, S; Ishihara, S; Murayama, T; Tsuchiya, S; Watanabe, K | 1 |
| Doğrul, A; Güzeldemir, EM; Işmer, A; Yeşilyurt, Ö | 1 |
| Cook, DA; Cumberbatch, MJ; Hargreaves, RJ; Hill, RG; Shepheard, SL; Williamson, DJ | 1 |
| Bradshaw, S; Chang, AH; King, MA; Pasternak, GW; Pintar, JE | 1 |
| Ho, IK; Jang, CG; Lee, SY; Loh, HH; Ma, T; Park, Y | 1 |
| Ben, Y; Furst, S; Lee, NM; Riba, P; Smith, AP | 1 |
| Pol, O; Puig, MM; Valle, L | 1 |
| Bartolini, A; Bianchi, E; Bracci, L; Galeotti, N; Ghelardini, C; Guarna, M; Neri, C; Sonetti, D; Stefano, G | 1 |
| Imai, S; Itou, Y; Narita, M; Suzuki, T; Yajima, Y | 1 |
| Liu, JG; Prather, PL | 1 |
| Davis, TP; Egleton, RD; Huber, JD; Witt, KA | 1 |
| Chen, XJ; Chi, ZQ; Dai, QY; Jin, WQ; Liu, ZH; Zhang, HP | 1 |
| Liu, J; Shen, Q; Sun, Y; Wang, Q; Zang, M | 1 |
| Choi, DH; Jung, EB; Kim, MS; Kim, TY; Lee, J; Moon, SK; Park, C; Park, R | 1 |
| Chakrabarti, S; Gintzler, AR; Liu, NJ | 1 |
| Levendusky, MC; Levin, RM; Longhurst, PA; Matsumoto, S; Millington, WR | 1 |
| Planas, E; Pol, O; Poveda, R; Puig, MM; Romero, A; Sánchez, S | 1 |
| Codeluppi, S; Hua, XY; Kondo, I; Marvizon, JC; Salgado, F; Song, B; Yaksh, TL | 1 |
| Adler, MW; Cowan, A; Eisenstein, TK; Feng, P; Gaughan, J; Liu-Chen, LY; Meissler, JJ; Peng, X; Rahim, RT | 1 |
| Iordanova, MD; McNally, GP; Westbrook, RF | 1 |
| Adler, MW; Chen, X; Geller, EB; Rogers, TJ | 1 |
| Cui, C; Han, JS; Li, Y; Liang, J; Ping, X; Wu, L; Yu, P; Zuo, Y | 1 |
| Adler, MW; Chen, X; Geller, EB | 1 |
| Sadee, W; Sun, X; Wang, D | 1 |
| Benaderet, TS; Bishop-Mathis, K; Dersch, CM; Partilla, JS; Prisinzano, TE; Rothman, RB; Simpson, DS; Wang, X; Xu, H | 1 |
| Chen, J; Chi, ZQ; Hong, MH; Ji, JL; Liu, JG; Tao, YM; Wang, YJ; Xie, X; Xu, C; Xu, XJ | 1 |
| Bradbury, FA; Traynor, JR; Zelnik, JC | 1 |
| Salari, AA; Solati, J; Zarrindast, MR | 1 |
| Kemppainen, H; Kiianmaa, K; Raivio, N; Suo-Yrjo, V | 1 |
| Jun, JH; Kim, HJ; Lee, HJ; Seol, TK; Yaksh, TL | 1 |
| Hervera, A; Leánez, S; Pol, O | 1 |
| Kalyuzhny, AE; Portoghese, PS; Yekkirala, AS | 1 |
| Hervera, A; Leánez, S; Motterlini, R; Pol, O | 1 |
| Kuo, A; Meutermans, W; Smith, MT; Wyse, BD | 1 |
| Holloway, AC; Nurse, CA; Salman, S | 1 |
| Carcolé, M; Castany, S; Leánez, S; Pol, O | 1 |
| Aceves, M; Hook, MA; Mathai, BB | 1 |
| Jullié, D; Laeremans, T; Lobingier, BT; Manglik, A; Schiller, PW; Steyaert, J; Stoeber, M; von Zastrow, M | 1 |
| Heller, NM; Maher, DP; Walia, D | 1 |
280 other study(ies) available for enkephalin, d-penicillamine (2,5)- and morphine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Pharmacological characterization of the cloned kappa-, delta-, and mu-opioid receptors.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Binding Sites; Cell Line; CHO Cells; Cloning, Molecular; Cricetinae; Ligands; PC12 Cells; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Software | 1994 |
Standard binding and functional assays related to medications development division testing for potential cocaine and opiate narcotic treatment medications.
Topics: Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Cocaine; Cyclic AMP; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Muscle, Smooth; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Serotonin; Substance-Related Disorders | 1998 |
Mitragynine/Corynantheidine Pseudoindoxyls As Opioid Analgesics with Mu Agonism and Delta Antagonism, Which Do Not Recruit β-Arrestin-2.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; beta-Arrestin 2; Cell Line; Humans; Male; Mice; Mitragyna; Molecular Docking Simulation; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids | 2016 |
Versatile Picklocks To Access All Opioid Receptors: Tuning the Selectivity and Functional Profile of the Cyclotetrapeptide c[Phe-d-Pro-Phe-Trp] (CJ-15,208).
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Mice; Models, Molecular; Narcotic Antagonists; Peptides, Cyclic; Receptors, Opioid; Visceral Pain | 2016 |
An LP1 analogue, selective MOR agonist with a peculiar pharmacological profile, used to scrutiny the ligand binding domain.
Topics: Animals; Benzomorphans; Binding Sites; Cell Line; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Guinea Pigs; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Ileum; Ligands; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Models, Molecular; Molecular Structure; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2016 |
Discovery, structure-activity relationship studies, and anti-nociceptive effects of N-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-isoquinolinylmethyl)benzamides as novel opioid receptor agonists.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Analgesics; Animals; Benzamides; Blood-Brain Barrier; Cell Line; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels; Male; Mice; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Protein Conformation; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2017 |
Investigation of the Adrenergic and Opioid Binding Affinities, Metabolic Stability, Plasma Protein Binding Properties, and Functional Effects of Selected Indole-Based Kratom Alkaloids.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Analgesics; Animals; Blood Proteins; CHO Cells; Cricetulus; Dopamine Agents; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Microsomes, Liver; Rats; Receptors, Adrenergic; Receptors, Opioid; Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids | 2020 |
Identification of an
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cricetinae; Dipeptides; Female; Fentanyl; Half-Life; Humans; Hyperalgesia; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neuropeptides; Protein Isoforms; Receptors, Neuropeptide; Receptors, Opioid; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2021 |
Development of Multifunctional and Orally Active Cyclic Peptide Agonists of Opioid/Neuropeptide FF Receptors that Produce Potent, Long-Lasting, and Peripherally Restricted Antinociception with Diminished Side Effects.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Ligands; Male; Mice; Neuralgia; Peptides, Cyclic; Receptors, Neuropeptide | 2021 |
Delta-opioid-receptor activation by [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin and morphine inhibits substance P release from trigeminal nucleus slices.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Potassium; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Substance P; Trigeminal Nuclei | 1992 |
Explanation at the opioid receptor level for differing toxicity of morphine and morphine 6-glucuronide.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Subcellular Fractions | 1992 |
Antinociceptive interactions of opioid delta receptor agonists with morphine in mice: supra- and sub-additivity.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1992 |
Delta and kappa opiate receptors in primary astroglial cultures. Part II: Receptor sets in cultures from various brain regions and interactions with beta-receptor activated cyclic AMP.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Stem; Cells, Cultured; Colforsin; Corpus Striatum; Cyclic AMP; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Isoproterenol; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1992 |
Streptozotocin-induced diabetes selectively alters the potency of analgesia produced by mu-opioid agonists, but not by delta- and kappa-opioid agonists.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1992 |
Interaction between halothane and mu, delta and kappa opioid agonists on the isolated right atria of the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Atrial Function; Culture Techniques; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Halothane; Heart Rate; Male; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid | 1992 |
Involvement of adenosine in antinociception produced by spinal or supraspinal receptor-selective opioid agonists: dissociation from gastrointestinal effects in mice.
Topics: Adenosine; Analgesia; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Gastric Emptying; Gastrointestinal Motility; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord; Theophylline | 1992 |
Opioid receptors mediating antinociception from beta-endorphin and morphine in the periaqueductal gray.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid | 1992 |
Differential effects of opioid receptor agonists on nociception and cAMP level in the spinal cord of monoarthritic rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Arthritis; Benzeneacetamides; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1992 |
Potentiation of opioid analgesia by cocaine: the role of spinal and supraspinal receptors.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Cocaine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1992 |
Effects of intracerebroventricularly administered mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid agonists on locomotor activity of the guinea pig and the pharmacology of the locomotor response to U50,488H.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Narcotics; Peptide Fragments; Piloerection; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1992 |
Evidence for opiate-dopamine cross-sensitization in nucleus accumbens: studies of conditioned reward.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Dextroamphetamine; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward | 1992 |
Cholecystokinin octapeptide alters morphine-induced effects on EEG power spectra both quantitatively and qualitatively.
Topics: Animals; Electroencephalography; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sincalide | 1992 |
Morphine, D-Pen2, D-Pen5 enkephalin and U50,488H differentially affect the locomotor activity and behaviours induced by quinpirole in guinea-pigs.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ergolines; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Piloerection; Pyrrolidines; Quinpirole | 1992 |
Opioid delta receptor subtypes are associated with different potassium channels.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glyburide; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Potassium Channels; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Tetraethylammonium Compounds | 1991 |
Morphine-6-glucuronide: receptor binding profile in bovine caudate nucleus.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Cattle; Caudate Nucleus; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid | 1991 |
Characteristics of dose-dependent antagonism by beta-funaltrexamine of the antinociceptive effects of intrathecal mu agonists.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Fentanyl; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord; Sufentanil | 1991 |
Opioid receptor subtype involvement in maternal behavior in lactating rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Lactation; Maternal Behavior; Morphine; Phenazocine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1991 |
Effects of oxymorphindole on morphine induced-antinociception in mice and rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Mice; Morphine; Morpholines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1990 |
Delta receptor involvement in morphine suppression of noxiously evoked activity of spinal WDR neurons in cats.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Cats; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Female; Hot Temperature; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurons; Pain; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1991 |
An in vitro study on the hippocampal epileptogenic properties of enkephalins and enkephalinase inhibitors in rats.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Epilepsy; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Neprilysin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1991 |
Selective antagonism by naltrindole of the antinociceptive effects of the delta opioid agonist cyclic[D-penicillamine2-D-penicillamine5]enkephalin in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Indoles; Injections, Spinal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1991 |
Differences in the binding of [3H][D-Ser2,Thr6]leucine-enkephalin and [3H][D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin to brain membranes of morphine tolerant-dependent rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Cell Membrane; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Ligands; Male; Morphine; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord; Substance-Related Disorders | 1991 |
Modulation of mu-mediated antitussive activity in rats by a delta agonist.
Topics: Aerosols; Animals; Antitussive Agents; Capsaicin; Cisterna Magna; Cough; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Indoles; Injections; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Naltrexone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1991 |
Effects of intracerebroventricular beta-funaltrexamine on mu and delta opioid receptors in the rat: dichotomy between binding and antinociception.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intravenous; Kinetics; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Thalamus; Time Factors; Tritium | 1991 |
Desensitization of mu-opioid receptors does not modify the analgesia induced by an enkephalinase inhibitor.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Neprilysin; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Thiorphan | 1991 |
Characterization of opioid-sensitive neurons in the anteroventral third ventricle region of polydipsic inbred mice in vitro.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drinking Behavior; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Naloxone; Neurons; Peptide Fragments; Species Specificity | 1991 |
Effects of receptor-selective opioids on operant behavior in morphine-treated and untreated rats.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Food; Infusions, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1991 |
Naltrexone-sensitizing effects of centrally administered morphine and opioid peptides.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1991 |
Dopaminergic system mediates only delta-opiate inhibition of endogenous acetylcholine release evoked by glutamate from rat striatal slices.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Benzazepines; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Morphine; Oxidopamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Secretory Rate | 1991 |
Regulation of cyclic AMP by the mu-opioid receptor in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.
Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; Alprostadil; Cell Line; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Humans; Kinetics; Morphine; Neuroblastoma; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Theophylline; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1990 |
Morphine, but not sodium cromoglycate, modulates the release of substance P from capsaicin-sensitive neurones in the rat trachea in vitro.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Bradykinin; Capsaicin; Cromolyn Sodium; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Neurons; Potassium Chloride; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substance P; Trachea | 1991 |
Heroin acts on different opioid receptors than morphine in Swiss Webster and ICR mice to produce antinociception.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Heroin; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Methysergide; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Species Specificity; Spinal Cord; Yohimbine | 1991 |
Effects of selective opioid agonists on feline colonic transit.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Cattle; Colon; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Loperamide; Morphine; Naloxone; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1991 |
Opiate receptors in neuronal primary cultures.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Female; Fetus; Morphine; Neurons; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1990 |
The antinociceptive role of mu- and delta-opiate receptors and their interactions in the spinal dorsal horn of cats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cats; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1990 |
Characterization of opioid receptors modulating the function of capsaicin-sensitive neurons in guinea-pig atria.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Benzomorphans; Capsaicin; Dynorphins; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Heart; Imidazoles; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Neurons; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Reserpine | 1990 |
Different types of opioid receptors mediating analgesia induced by morphine, DAMGO, DPDPE, DADLE and beta-endorphin in mice.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Somatostatin | 1990 |
Effect of opioids on acetylcholine release evoked by K+ or glutamic acid from rat neostriatal slices.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Luminescent Measurements; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
Opioid actions on single nucleus raphe magnus neurons from rat and guinea-pig in vitro.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats | 1990 |
GABAA and GABAB antagonists prevent the opioid inhibition of endogenous acetylcholine release evoked by glutamate from rat neostriatal slices.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A | 1990 |
Delta opioid antagonist, naltrindole, selectively blocks analgesia induced by DPDPE but not DAGO or morphine.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Indoles; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time; Restraint, Physical; Stress, Psychological | 1991 |
Modulation of the analgesic efficacy and potency of morphine by [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1990 |
Lack of antinociceptive cross-tolerance between intracerebroventricularly administered beta-endorphin and morphine or DPDPE in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Brain; Cross Reactions; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid | 1990 |
Opioid receptor ligands in the neonatal rat spinal cord: binding and in vitro depression of the nociceptive responses.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Benzeneacetamides; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Ligands; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Naloxone; Narcotics; Nociceptors; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Spinal Cord | 1990 |
[3H][D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin binding to delta opioid receptors on intact neuroblastoma-glioma (NG 108-15) hybrid cells.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cell Survival; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hybrid Cells; Kinetics; Mice; Models, Biological; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Receptors, Opioid | 1990 |
Tolerance to delta- but not mu-opioid receptors in the spinal cord attenuates inhibition of the tail-flick response induced by beta-endorphin administered intracerebroventricularly in mice.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1990 |
Proglumide selectively potentiates supraspinal mu 1 opioid analgesia in mice.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glutamine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Narcotics; Proglumide; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1990 |
Brain mu and delta opioid receptors mediate different locomotor hyperactivity responses of the C57BL/6J mouse.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Motor Activity; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stereotyped Behavior | 1990 |
An attempt to structurally convert mu-selective morphine toward delta-receptor binding: dimerization based on enkephalin conformation.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry, Physical; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Protein Conformation; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Vas Deferens | 1990 |
Modulation of the potency and efficacy of mu-mediated antinociception by delta agonists in the mouse.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Codeine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphinans; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1990 |
Antinociceptive effects of [D-Ala2]deltorphin II, a highly selective delta agonist in vivo.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1990 |
Opioid agonist and antagonist antinociceptive properties of [D-Ala2,Leu5,Cys6]enkephalin: selective actions at the deltanoncomplexed site.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1990 |
Opioid receptor subtypes in the supraoptic nucleus and posterior pituitary gland of morphine-tolerant rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Autoradiography; Benzomorphans; Binding, Competitive; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Female; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Pituitary Gland, Posterior; Plasma; Preoptic Area; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Supraoptic Nucleus | 1990 |
In vivo and in vitro investigation of naltrindole, a delta-opioid antagonist.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphinans; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Vas Deferens | 1990 |
Selective modulation of morphine antinociception, but not development of tolerance, by delta receptor agonists.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1990 |
Spinal antinociceptive synergy between clonidine and morphine, U69593, and DPDPE: isobolographic analysis.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Clonidine; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hot Temperature; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Regression Analysis; Spinal Cord | 1990 |
[D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin, the standard delta opioid agonist, induces morphine-like behaviors in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Motor Activity; Muscle Tonus; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Stereotyped Behavior | 1990 |
Opioid regulation of mucosal ion transport in the mouse isolated jejunum.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Biological Transport; Chlorides; Electrolytes; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Mucosa; Jejunum; Mice; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Sodium | 1990 |
Opioid modulation of non-cholinergic neural bronchoconstriction in guinea-pig in vivo.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Bronchi; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Male; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Substance P; Sympathetic Nervous System; Vagus Nerve | 1988 |
Antidiarrheal properties of supraspinal mu and delta and peripheral mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors: inhibition of diarrhea without constipation.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Antidiarrheals; Constipation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1989 |
Behavioural effects of selective mu-, kappa-, and delta-opioid agonists in neonatal rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Aging; Analgesics; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Behavior, Animal; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1989 |
Modulation of mu-mediated antinociception by delta agonists in the mouse: selective potentiation of morphine and normorphine by [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Narcotics; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1989 |
Central and peripheral opioid modulation of gastric relaxation induced by feeding in dogs.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Benzomorphans; Cyclazocine; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eating; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Morphine; Muscle Relaxation; Naloxone; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stomach; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 1989 |
The antinociception produced by intrathecal morphine, calcium, A23187, U50,488H, [D-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Gly-ol]enkephalin and [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin after intrathecal administration of calcitonin gene-related peptide in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Calcimycin; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Calcium; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1989 |
Effects of chronic morphine administration on the mu and delta opioid responses in the CA1 region of the rat hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Phosphorylation; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1989 |
Different mu receptor subtypes mediate spinal and supraspinal analgesia in mice.
Topics: Analgesia; Anesthesia, Spinal; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1989 |
Differential modulation by [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin and dynorphin A-(1-17) of the inhibitory bladder motility effects of selected mu agonists in vivo.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Drug Synergism; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Female; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reflex; Urinary Bladder | 1989 |
Multiplicative interaction between intrathecally and intracerebroventricularly administered mu opioid agonists but limited interactions between delta and kappa agonists for antinociception in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid | 1989 |
Intracerebroventricular N-ethylmaleimide differentially reduces supraspinal opioid analgesia in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethylmaleimide; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Sulfhydryl Reagents | 1989 |
Effect of calcium ion on analgesia of opioid peptides.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Calcium Chloride; Central Nervous System; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1989 |
Colonic bead expulsion time in normal and mu-opioid receptor deficient (CXBK) mice following central (ICV) administration of mu- and delta-opioid agonists.
Topics: Animals; Colon; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
Opioid delta-receptor involvement in supraspinal and spinal antinociception in mice.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Hot Temperature; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naltrexone; Nociceptors; Pain; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Spinal Cord | 1987 |
Opioid receptor subtypes associated with ventral tegmental facilitation of lateral hypothalamic brain stimulation reward.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Male; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reward | 1987 |
Opioid receptor subtypes associated with ventral tegmental facilitation and periaqueductal gray inhibition of feeding.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Feeding Behavior; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Male; Morphine; Periaqueductal Gray; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tegmentum Mesencephali | 1987 |
Peptide opioid antagonist separates peripheral and central opioid antitransit effects.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Animals; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
Evidence for delta receptor mediation of [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]-enkephalin (DPDPE) analgesia in mice.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Injections, Intraventricular; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1986 |
Motivational properties of opioids: evidence that an activation of delta-receptors mediates reinforcement processes.
Topics: Animals; Appetitive Behavior; Avoidance Learning; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Motivation; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Reinforcement, Psychology | 1987 |
Roles of central and peripheral mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors in the mediation of gastric acid secretory effects in the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Brain; Cyclazocine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Gastric Acid; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Pyrrolidines; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1988 |
Examination of the involvement of supraspinal and spinal mu and delta opioid receptors in analgesia using the mu receptor deficient CXBK mouse.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Species Specificity | 1988 |
Dissociation of opioid antinociception and central gastrointestinal propulsion in the mouse: studies with naloxonazine.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Nociceptors; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1988 |
LY164929: a highly selective ligand for the lower affinity [3H]D-Ala2-D-Leu-5-enkephalin binding site.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membranes; Models, Biological; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1988 |
U50,488H differentially antagonizes the bladder effects of mu agonists at spinal sites.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Muscle Contraction; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Urinary Bladder | 1988 |
Role of mu 1-opiate receptors in supraspinal opiate analgesia: a microinjection study.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Brain; Cerebral Ventricles; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Organ Specificity; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1988 |
Mu-, but not delta-, opioid receptor-mediated antinociception in mice is attenuated by gamma-irradiation.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Gamma Rays; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1988 |
Nor-binaltorphimine, a highly selective kappa-opioid antagonist in analgesic and receptor binding assays.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Animals; Cyclazocine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Guinea Pigs; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Oligopeptides; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1988 |
Analgesic and tolerance-inducing effects of the highly selective delta opioid agonist [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Pain; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Sensory Thresholds; Substance-Related Disorders | 1988 |
Evidence for opioid receptor interactions in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Narcotics; Pain; Receptors, Opioid | 1988 |
Centrally-administered opioid selective agonists inhibit drinking in the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Brain; Cyclazocine; Drinking Behavior; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ethylketocyclazocine; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Peptide Fragments; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 1986 |
Early ontogeny of kappa-opioid receptor regulation of prolactin secretion in the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hydrazines; Morphine; Peptide Fragments; Prolactin; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Serotonin | 1987 |
Direct dependence studies in rats with agents selective for different types of opioid receptor.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance-Related Disorders | 1988 |
Beta-endorphin-(1-27) antagonizes beta-endorphin- but not morphine-, D-Pen2-D-Pen5-enkephalin- and U50, 488H-induced analgesia in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Peptide Fragments; Pyrrolidines; Reaction Time | 1988 |
The use of [3H]-[D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin as a highly selective ligand for the delta-binding site.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Ligands; Male; Morphine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Tritium | 1985 |
Blockade of D-2 dopamine receptors strongly enhances the potency of enkephalins to inhibit dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase in rat neostriatum: involvement of delta- and mu-opioid receptors.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; Animals; Benzazepines; Corpus Striatum; Cyclic AMP; Dopamine; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ergolines; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Quinpirole; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1986 |
Estimation of the affinity of naloxone at supraspinal and spinal opioid receptors in vivo: studies with receptor selective agonists.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1986 |
Continuous intrathecal opioid analgesia: tolerance and cross-tolerance of mu and delta spinal opioid receptors.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1987 |
Morphine and enkephalins potently inhibit [3H]noradrenaline release from rat brain cortex synaptosomes: further evidence for a presynaptic localization of mu-opioid receptors.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Norepinephrine; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Synaptosomes; Tetrahydronaphthalenes | 1987 |
Role of mu and delta receptors in the supraspinal and spinal analgesic effects of [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin in the mouse.
Topics: Analgesia; Anesthesia, Spinal; Animals; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
C57BL/6J-bgJ (beige) mice: differential sensitivity in the tail flick test to centrally administered mu- and delta-opioid receptor agonists.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Mutant Strains; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
[D-Pen2,L-Pen5]enkephalin induced analgesia in the jimpy mouse: in vivo evidence for delta-receptor mediated analgesia.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Cerebrosides; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Jimpy; Morphine; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1987 |
Contraversive circling induced by ventral tegmental microinjections of moderate doses of morphine and [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Stereotyped Behavior; Tegmentum Mesencephali; Time Factors | 1988 |
Roles of mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors in spinal and supraspinal mediation of gastrointestinal transit effects and hot-plate analgesia in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Animals; Digestive System Physiological Phenomena; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hot Temperature; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotics; Oligopeptides; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1984 |
In vivo injection of antibodies directed against the cloned mu opioid receptor blocked supraspinal analgesia induced by mu-agonists in mice.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesia; Animals; Antibodies; Benzeneacetamides; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Immunization, Passive; Male; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naloxone; Peptide Fragments; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1995 |
Transgenic superoxide dismutase mice differ in opioid-induced analgesia.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Autoradiography; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Morphine; Nociceptors; Pyrrolidines; Superoxide Dismutase | 1995 |
Opioids inhibit the induction of nitric oxide synthase in J774 macrophages.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Arginine; Cell Line; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Enzyme Induction; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Oligopeptides; omega-N-Methylarginine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid | 1995 |
Differential effects of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine injected intrathecally or intracerebroventricularly on antinociception induced by opioids administered intracerebroventricularly in the mouse.
Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; Analgesia; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Spinal Cord | 1995 |
Lack of relationship between opioid-induced changes in fetal breathing and plasma glucose levels.
Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Fetus; Gases; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Morphine; Respiration | 1995 |
Identification of the amino acid residues involved in selective agonist binding in the first extracellular loop of the delta- and mu-opioid receptors.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; Asparagine; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Lysine; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Structure, Secondary; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Recombinant Proteins | 1995 |
Effects of a highly selective nonpeptide delta opioid receptor agonist, TAN-67, on morphine-induced antinociception in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Naltrexone; Nociceptors; Oligopeptides; Quinolines; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1995 |
Modulation of free intracellular calcium levels [(Ca++)i] in brain and spinal cord of morphine-tolerant rats and mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Calcium; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Fura-2; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord; Subcellular Fractions; Synaptosomes | 1995 |
Opioidergic inhibition of capsaicin-evoked release of glutamate from rat spinal dorsal horn slices.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Capsaicin; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Nerve Endings; Neurons, Afferent; Opioid Peptides; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1995 |
Contrasting actions of intrathecal U50,488H, morphine, or [D-Pen2, D-Pen5] enkephalin or intravenous U50,488H on the visceromotor response to colorectal distension in the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Colon; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rectum | 1995 |
Visceral antinociceptive effects of spinal clonidine combined with morphine, [D-Pen2, D-Pen5] enkephalin, or U50,488H.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Clonidine; Colon; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rectum | 1995 |
mu- and delta-opioid receptor-mediated contractile effects on rat aortic vascular smooth muscle.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aorta; Benzomorphans; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Naltrexone; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1995 |
Spinal GABA receptors mediate brain delta opioid analgesia in Swiss Webster mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; GABA-B Receptor Antagonists; Heroin; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Spinal Cord | 1995 |
Differential cross-tolerance between analgesia produced by alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists and receptor subtype selective opioid treatments.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics; Animals; Binding Sites; Clonidine; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nalorphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Xylazine | 1995 |
Behavioral and neurochemical effects of opioids in the paramedian midbrain tegmentum including the median raphe nucleus and ventral tegmental area.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Dopamine; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Feeding Behavior; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Neurotransmitter Agents; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin; Ventral Tegmental Area | 1995 |
Investigating the effects of opioid drugs on electrocortical activity using wavelet transform.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Electroencephalography; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Morphine; Pregnancy; Receptors, Opioid; Sheep; Time Factors | 1995 |
Ca2+ channel and adenylyl cyclase modulation by cloned mu-opioid receptors in GH3 cells.
Topics: Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Barium; Calcium Channels; Cell Line; Cloning, Molecular; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Ion Transport; Membrane Potentials; Morphine; Naloxone; Pertussis Toxin; Pituitary Gland; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Somatostatin; Transfection; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1995 |
Specific N- or C-terminus modified dynorphin and beta-endorphin peptides can selectively block excitatory opioid receptor functions in sensory neurons and unmask potent inhibitory effects of opioid agonists.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Mice; Morphine; Neurons; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1995 |
Single diastereomeric desaminotyrosylalanyl tetra- and heptapeptides with opioid antagonistic activity.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; Male; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Molecular Structure; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Opioid Peptides; Receptors, Opioid; Stereoisomerism; Tetrahydroisoquinolines; Vas Deferens | 1995 |
Opioid peptide receptor studies. 1. Identification of a novel delta-opioid receptor binding site in rat brain membranes.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Base Sequence; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Cell Membrane; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Kinetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1995 |
Analgesic effect of two calcitonins and in vitro interaction with opioids.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzomorphans; Calcitonin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Narcotics; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1995 |
Role of nitric oxide/cyclic GMP in i.c.v. administered beta-endorphin- and (+)-cis-dioxolane-induced antinociception in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Arginine; beta-Endorphin; Cyclic GMP; Dioxolanes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hemoglobins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Methylene Blue; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Stereoisomerism | 1994 |
Differential antagonism by MK-801 against antinociception induced by opioid receptor agonists administered supraspinally in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Opioid | 1994 |
Blockade of delta-opioid receptors prevents morphine-induced place preference in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzylidene Compounds; Conditioning, Operant; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1994 |
Reduction in ATP-sensitive potassium channel-mediated antinociception in diabetic mice.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Analgesics; Animals; Benzopyrans; Blood Glucose; Cromakalim; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glyburide; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Potassium Channels; Pyrroles; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tetraethylammonium Compounds | 1994 |
Effects of intrathecal mu, delta, and kappa agonists on thermally evoked cardiovascular and nociceptive reflexes in halothane-anesthetized rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Animals; Blood Pressure; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Halothane; Heart Rate; Hot Temperature; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Nalbuphine; Nociceptors; Pain Threshold; Pyrroles; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Reflex; Thiophenes | 1995 |
Affinity profiles of morphine, codeine, dihydrocodeine and their glucuronides at opioid receptor subtypes.
Topics: Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Codeine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glucuronates; Guinea Pigs; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tritium | 1995 |
Dexamethasone-induced selective inhibition of the central mu opioid receptor: functional in vivo and in vitro evidence in rodents.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Dexamethasone; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Pain Measurement; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1994 |
Electrophysiological demonstration of mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors in the ventral pallidum.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Action Potentials; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Brain Mapping; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Globus Pallidus; Iontophoresis; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Neurons; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1995 |
Dissimilar efficacy of opioids to produce mu-mediated analgesia: role of Gx/z and Gi2 transducer proteins.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cell Membrane; Cerebral Ventricles; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; GTP Phosphohydrolases; GTP-Binding Proteins; Immunoglobulin G; Injections, Intraventricular; Kinetics; Male; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naloxone; Pain; Peptide Fragments; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Signal Transduction | 1994 |
Different subtypes of opioid receptors have different affinities for G-proteins.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Adenylyl Cyclases; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cerebellum; Colforsin; Diprenorphine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Etorphine; GTP-Binding Proteins; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Hybrid Cells; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naloxone; Neoplasm Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroblastoma; Oligopeptides; Pyrrolidines; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1994 |
Differential regulation of mu and delta opiate receptors by morphine, selective agonists and antagonists and differentiating agents in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Cell Differentiation; Down-Regulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Tretinoin; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1994 |
1-Aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid (ACPC) prevents mu and delta opioid tolerance.
Topics: Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Cyclic; Analgesia; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1994 |
Effects of mu-, delta- and kappa-agonists on isolated right atria of the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Atropine; Benzomorphans; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Heart; Heart Atria; Heart Rate; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Propranolol; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1994 |
In vivo treatment with mu and delta, but not kappa-selective opioid agonists reduces [3H]spiperone binding to the guinea-pig striatum: autoradiographic evidence.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Guinea Pigs; Male; Morphine; Organ Specificity; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spiperone; Tritium | 1994 |
Selective antagonism of opioid analgesia by a sigma system.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Haloperidol; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Pentazocine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, sigma; Species Specificity | 1994 |
The functional role of opioid receptors in acetylcholine release in the rat adrenal medulla.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Microdialysis; Morphine; Nerve Endings; Physostigmine; Potassium; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Splanchnic Nerves | 1994 |
Restraint changes pentobarbital-induced sleeping time in rats: evidence that arousal is modulated by brain corticotropin-releasing hormone and opioid in stress.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Arousal; Brain; Cerebral Ventricles; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Pentobarbital; Peptide Fragments; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Restraint, Physical; Sleep; Stress, Psychological | 1994 |
Dual regulation by opioids of 3H-norepinephrine release in the human neuroblastoma cell-line SK-N-SH.
Topics: Cell Line; Dextrorphan; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Humans; Kinetics; Levorphanol; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Neuroblastoma; Norepinephrine; Receptors, Opioid; Tritium; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1994 |
The use of specific opioid agonists and antagonists to delineate the vagally mediated antinociceptive and cardiovascular effects of intravenous morphine.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blood Pressure; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Indoles; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reference Values; Time Factors; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 1993 |
Cyclic AMP mediates mu and delta, but not kappa opioid analgesia in the spinal cord of the rat.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Bucladesine; Cyclic AMP; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Pain; Peptide Fragments; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord; Time Factors | 1993 |
Antibodies raised against the N-terminal sequence of delta opioid receptors blocked delta-mediated supraspinal antinociception in mice.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analysis of Variance; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Immunoglobulin G; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Pain; Pain Measurement; Protein Binding; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1994 |
The nature of conditioned anti-analgesia: spinal cord opiate and anti-opiate neurochemistry.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Conditioning, Classical; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Immune Sera; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Proglumide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1994 |
The antinociceptive and motivational effects of intranigral injection of opioid agonists.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Motivation; Pain; Periaqueductal Gray; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Stereotaxic Techniques; Substantia Nigra; Time Factors | 1993 |
mu-Opioid receptors modulate noradrenaline release from the rat hippocampus as measured by brain microdialysis.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Desipramine; Electrochemistry; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Extracellular Space; GTP-Binding Proteins; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Morphine; Naltrexone; Nerve Endings; Norepinephrine; Potassium; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1994 |
Self-administration of morphine, DAMGO, and DPDPE into the ventral tegmental area of rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reinforcement, Psychology; Self Administration; Stereotyped Behavior; Ventral Tegmental Area | 1994 |
Area tempestas modulates the behavioural responses to nociceptive stimuli in rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Azocines; Bicuculline; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Escape Reaction; Foot; Hot Temperature; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Olfactory Pathways; Pain; Phenazocine; Pressure; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid; Seizures; Tail | 1993 |
Tyrosine phosphorylation of a 58 kDa protein induced by morphine in SK-N-SH cells.
Topics: Cell Line; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Humans; Kinetics; Molecular Weight; Morphine; Naloxone; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Pertussis Toxin; Phosphorylation; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Signal Transduction; Tyrosine; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1994 |
Mouse brain opioid receptor identification by direct ultraviolet photoaffinity labeling.
Topics: Affinity Labels; Animals; Binding Sites; Dithiothreitol; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Receptors, Opioid; Tritium; Tyrosine; Ultraviolet Rays | 1993 |
Partial antinociceptive cross-tolerance to intracerebroventricular beta-endorphin in mice tolerant to systemic morphine.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Drug Implants; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Norepinephrine; Pain Measurement; Serotonin | 1993 |
Electrophysiological actions of delta opioids in CA1 of the rat hippocampal slice are mediated by one delta receptor subtype.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Evoked Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Ligands; Male; Morphinans; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pyramidal Tracts; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1993 |
Dose-dependent antagonism of spinal opioid receptor agonists by naloxone and naltrindole: additional evidence for delta-opioid receptor subtypes in the rat.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1993 |
Reconstitution of a purified mu-opioid binding protein in liposomes: selective, high affinity, GTP gamma S-sensitive mu-opioid agonist binding is restored.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Cattle; Cell Membrane; Cholic Acids; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Kinetics; Liposomes; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1993 |
Opioid receptor regulation of 5-hydroxytryptamine release from the rat hippocampus measured by in vivo microdialysis.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Dialysis; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; Male; Micromanipulation; Morphine; Naltrexone; Potassium; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid; Serotonin | 1993 |
Selective and interactive down-regulation of mu- and delta-opioid receptors in human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Down-Regulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Humans; Morphine; Naltrexone; Neuroblastoma; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1993 |
Role of mu 1- and delta-opioid receptors in modulation of fetal EEG and respiratory activity.
Topics: Animals; Electroencephalography; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Fetal Movement; Fetus; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Respiration; Sheep | 1993 |
Isobolographic superadditivity between delta and mu opioid agonists in the rat depends on the ratio of compounds, the mu agonist and the analgesic assay used.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Synergism; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1993 |
In vivo modulation of gastrointestinal motor activity by Met-enkephalin, morphine and enkephalin analogs in chickens.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Chickens; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Gastrointestinal Motility; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Nerve Fibers; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 1993 |
Inhibition of spinal opioid antinociception by intrathecal beta-endorphin1-27 in the rat.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Humans; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Pain Measurement; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Sheep; Spinal Cord | 1993 |
In vivo injection of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to G alpha subunits and supraspinal analgesia evoked by mu and delta opioid agonists.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Base Sequence; beta-Endorphin; Blotting, Western; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Injections, Intraventricular; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1995 |
The effect of intrathecal opioid-receptor agonists on visceral noxious stimulation in rabbits.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Catheterization; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Injections, Spinal; Morphine; Motor Activity; Narcotic Antagonists; Pyrrolidines; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid; Viscera | 1996 |
Involvement of different subtypes of cholecystokinin receptors in opioid antinociception in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Indoles; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Meglumine; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Narcotics; Pain Measurement; Proglumide; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Sincalide | 1995 |
Delta opioid receptors: reflexive, defensive and vocal affective responses in female rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Morphine; Motor Activity; Pain; Rats; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Vocalization, Animal | 1995 |
Spinal mu and delta, but not kappa, opioid-receptor agonists attenuate responses to noxious colorectal distension in the rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Catheterization; Colon; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Rectum | 1995 |
Systemic and supraspinal, but not spinal, opiates suppress allodynia in a rat neuropathic pain model.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1995 |
Characterization of supraspinal antinociceptive actions of opioid delta agonists in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Hot Temperature; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Nociceptors; Oligopeptides; Pain Measurement; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Reticular Formation | 1995 |
Chronic opioid treatment induces adenylyl cyclase V superactivation. Involvement of Gbetagamma.
Topics: Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; Adenylyl Cyclases; Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Cell Line; Chlorocebus aethiops; DNA, Complementary; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Enzyme Activation; GTP-Binding Proteins; Morphine; Pertussis Toxin; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Transfection; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1996 |
The stimulatory effect of opioids on mitogen-activated protein kinase in Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected to express mu-opioid receptors.
Topics: Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Etorphine; Morphine; Narcotics; Pertussis Toxin; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Recombinant Proteins; Transfection; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1996 |
Circannual variations in bear plasma albumin and its opioid-like effects on guinea pig ileum.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Guinea Pigs; Hibernation; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Receptors, Opioid; Seasons; Serum Albumin; Ursidae | 1996 |
Effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibition on tolerance to the analgesic action of D-Pen2, D-Pen5 enkephalin and morphine in the mouse.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine | 1996 |
Role of opioid receptors in the spinal antinociceptive effects of neuropeptide FF analogues.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Somatostatin; Spinal Cord | 1996 |
Differential desensitization of mu- and delta- opioid receptors in selected neural pathways following chronic morphine treatment.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Adenylyl Cyclases; Aminobutyrates; Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Caudate Nucleus; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glutamic Acid; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nucleus Accumbens; Oligopeptides; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Thalamus | 1996 |
Alteration of calcitonin gene related peptide and its receptor binding sites during the development of tolerance to mu and delta opioids.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Autoradiography; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1995 |
Induction of Fos-like immunoreactivity by opioids in guinea-pig brain.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Diencephalon; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Guinea Pigs; Immunohistochemistry; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mesencephalon; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurons; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Telencephalon | 1996 |
Discriminative stimulus effects of a centrally administered, delta-opioid peptide (D-Pen2-D-Pen5-enkephalin) in pigeons.
Topics: Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Columbidae; Discrimination, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta | 1996 |
Intrathecally injected nicotine enhances the antinociception induced by morphine but not beta-endorphin, D-Pen2,5-enkephalin and U50,488H administered intrathecally in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Nicotine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Spinal Cord | 1996 |
Nicotine enhances morphine- and beta-endorphin-induced antinociception at the supraspinal level in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Nicotine; Nociceptors; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1996 |
Sigma binding in a human neuroblastoma cell line.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Carbachol; Cell Line; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate; Guinea Pigs; Haloperidol; Humans; Kinetics; Morphine; Naloxone; Neuroblastoma; Pentazocine; Phosphatidylinositols; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, sigma; Trypsin; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1996 |
Effects of morphine-3-glucuronide on the antinociceptive activity of peptide and nonpeptide opioid receptor agonists in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Nociceptors; Oligopeptides; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1996 |
Pharmacological characterization of buprenorphine, a mixed agonist-antagonist with kappa 3 analgesia.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Buprenorphine; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Sensitivity and Specificity | 1997 |
Differential modulation by muscimol and baclofen on antinociception induced by morphine, beta-endorphin, D-Pen2,5-enkephalin and U50,488H administered intracerebroventricularly in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Baclofen; beta-Endorphin; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Mice; Morphine; Muscimol; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1995 |
Analysis of the role of delta opioid receptors in gastroprotection in the rat.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Binding Sites; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Gastric Mucosa; Ileum; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Oligopeptides; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stomach; Stomach Diseases; Vas Deferens | 1997 |
Effects of ibogaine and noribogaine on the antinociceptive action of mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptor agonists in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ibogaine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotics; Nociceptors; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1997 |
Effects of ibogaine on the development of tolerance to antinociceptive action of mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptor agonists in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ibogaine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotics; Nociceptors; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1997 |
Differential effects of mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptor agonists on the discriminative stimulus properties of cocaine in rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cocaine; Discrimination Learning; Discrimination, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Quinolines; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Substance-Related Disorders | 1997 |
Intracisternal injection of opioids induces itch-associated response through mu-opioid receptors in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cisterna Magna; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Microinjections; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pruritus; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1997 |
Opioid regulation of the mouse delta-opioid receptor expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Cell Line; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Down-Regulation; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Etorphine; GTP-Binding Proteins; Humans; Methadone; Mice; Morphine; Point Mutation; Radioligand Assay; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Signal Transduction; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1997 |
Supraspinal administration of opioids with selectivity for mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptors produces analgesia in amphibians.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Benzofurans; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Female; Fentanyl; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Rana pipiens; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1997 |
Effect of 7-nitroindazole on tolerance to morphine, U-50,488H and [D-Pen2, D-Pen5] enkephalin in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Indazoles; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nociceptors; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1997 |
Opiate agonists microinjected into the nucleus accumbens enhance sucrose drinking in rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Drinking; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Feeding Behavior; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Narcotics; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Sucrose | 1997 |
The competitive alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate receptor antagonist LY293558 attenuates and reverses analgesic tolerance to morphine but not to delta or kappa opioids.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Isoquinolines; Male; Mice; Morphine; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Tetrazoles | 1997 |
Effect of chronic administration of morphine, U-50, 488H and [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin on the concentration of cGMP in brain regions and spinal cord of the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Cyclic GMP; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord; Up-Regulation | 1997 |
Lack of morphine and enkephalin tolerance in 129/SvEv mice: evidence for a NMDA receptor defect.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Arginine; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Nitric Oxide; Nitroprusside; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1998 |
Interactions of cocaine with morphine, U-50,488H and [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkaphalin.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; Cocaine; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Hot Temperature; Male; Mice; Morphine; Pain; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1998 |
Is the reduced efficacy of morphine in diabetic rats caused by alterations of opiate receptors or of morphine pharmacokinetics?
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Streptozocin | 1998 |
mu-Opioid receptor-knockout mice: the role of mu-opioid receptor in gastrointestinal transit.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Transit; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1998 |
Age- and temperature-dependent effects of opioids on medulla oblongata respiratory activity: an in vitro study in newborn rat.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Age Factors; Analgesics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Medulla Oblongata; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiration; Spinal Cord; Temperature | 1998 |
Postnatal development of multiple opioid receptors in the spinal cord and development of spinal morphine analgesia.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Autoradiography; Benzeneacetamides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Nerve Fibers; Pyrrolidines; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1998 |
Effects of mu and delta opioid agonists and antagonists on affective vocal and reflexive pain responses during social stress in rats.
Topics: Aggression; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Pain; Pain Threshold; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reflex; Social Behavior; Stress, Psychological; Vocalization, Animal | 1998 |
Axotomy reduces the effect of analgesic opioids yet increases the effect of nociceptin on dorsal root ganglion neurons.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Axotomy; Benzeneacetamides; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Causalgia; Dihydropyridines; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Nerve Compression Syndromes; Neurons, Afferent; Nociceptin; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Opioid Peptides; Peptides; Potassium; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sciatic Nerve; Sodium; Spinal Cord | 1998 |
Heroin antinociception changed from mu to delta receptor in streptozotocin-treated mice.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Benzylidene Compounds; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Heroin; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Pain; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Streptozocin; Time Factors | 1998 |
Modulation of cocaine-induced antinociception by opioid-receptor agonists.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Cocaine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Morphine; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1999 |
Characterization of mechanical withdrawal responses and effects of mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid agonists in normal and mu-opioid receptor knockout mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Nociceptors; Physical Stimulation; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stress, Mechanical; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1999 |
Transport of CSF antibodies to Galpha subunits across neural membranes requires binding to the target protein and protein kinase C activity.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Autoantibodies; Biological Transport; Brain Chemistry; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Epitopes; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go; Immunoblotting; Immunoglobulin G; Injections, Intraventricular; Iodine Radioisotopes; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Morphine; Neurons; Nociceptors; Oligopeptides; Pain; Protein Kinase C; Signal Transduction | 1999 |
Functional blockade of opioid analgesia by orphanin FQ/nociceptin.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Narcotic Antagonists; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nociceptin; Nociceptin Receptor; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Opioid Peptides; Peptide Fragments; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa | 1998 |
Absence of G-protein activation by mu-opioid receptor agonists in the spinal cord of mu-opioid receptor knockout mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Membranes; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Transgenic; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord; Sulfur Radioisotopes; Tritium | 1999 |
[A molecular mechanism for supersensitization of adenylyl cyclase system in cloned opioid receptor-transfected cells following sustained opioid treatment].
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Analgesics; Animals; Atropine; Benzeneacetamides; Carbachol; CHO Cells; Clone Cells; Cricetinae; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; GTP Phosphohydrolases; Morphine; Muscarinic Agonists; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Transfection | 1998 |
Antianalgesic action of dynorphin A mediated by spinal cholecystokinin.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Antibodies; Cholecystokinin; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Indoles; Injections, Spinal; Male; Meglumine; Mice; Morphine; Proglumide; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Spinal Cord | 1999 |
Gastric effects of methylnaltrexone on mu, kappa, and delta opioid agonists induced brainstem unitary responses.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Stem; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurons; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Solitary Nucleus; Stomach; Vagus Nerve | 1999 |
Antibodies and antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to mu-opioid receptors, selectively block the effects of mu-opioid agonists on intestinal transit and permeability in mice.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Blocking; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Fentanyl; Gastrointestinal Transit; Injections, Intraventricular; Intestinal Absorption; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1999 |
Epidural opioid analgesia in infant rats I: mechanical and heat responses.
Topics: Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Autoradiography; Benzeneacetamides; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sensory Thresholds; Stress, Mechanical | 1999 |
Epidural opioid analgesia in infant rats II: responses to carrageenan and capsaicin.
Topics: Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Benzeneacetamides; Capsaicin; Carrageenan; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Morphine; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1999 |
Comparison of behavioral responses to noxious cold and heat in mice.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cold Temperature; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Gyrus Cinguli; Hot Temperature; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Narcotics; Nociceptors; Pain; Reaction Time | 1999 |
ATP-gated K(+) channel openers enhance opioid antinociception: indirect evidence for the release of endogenous opioid peptides.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Adenosine Triphosphate; Analgesics; Animals; Cromakalim; Diazoxide; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Glyburide; Injections, Intraventricular; Ion Channel Gating; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Opioid Peptides; Pain; Potassium Channels; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Somatostatin | 1999 |
Antisenses to opioid receptors attenuate ATP-gated K(+) channel opener-induced antinociception.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Adenosine Triphosphate; Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Cromakalim; Diazoxide; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Nociceptors; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; Pain; Potassium Channels; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1999 |
Effects of histamine receptor antagonists injected intrathecally on antinociception induced by opioids administered intracerebroventricularly in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cerebral Ventricles; Cyproheptadine; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Histamine Antagonists; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pain; Piperidines; Ranitidine; Receptors, Histamine H1; Receptors, Histamine H2; Receptors, Histamine H3; Receptors, Opioid; Spinal Cord | 1999 |
Retention of supraspinal delta-like analgesia and loss of morphine tolerance in delta opioid receptor knockout mice.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Exons; Gene Deletion; Gene Targeting; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Spinal Cord; Tritium | 1999 |
Influence of agmatine in adaptation of cAMP signal transduction system of opiate receptors.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Agmatine; Analgesics; Animals; Cyclic AMP; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Glioma; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Hybrid Cells; Idazoxan; Imidazoline Receptors; Mice; Morphine; Neuroblastoma; Rats; Receptors, Drug; Signal Transduction; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1999 |
Modulatory effect of endogenous and exogenous opioids on the excitatory reflex pathway of the rat ileum.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Muscle, Smooth; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Peristalsis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid; Somatostatin | 2000 |
Acute delta-opioid receptor activation induces CREB phosphorylation in NG108-15 cells.
Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; Analgesics, Opioid; Blotting, Western; Calmodulin; Cell Line; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Isoquinolines; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Phosphorylation; Protein Kinase C; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Time Factors | 2000 |
Reduction of stress-induced analgesia but not of exogenous opioid effects in mice lacking CB1 receptors.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Dopamine; Electroshock; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Exploratory Behavior; Foot; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Hot Temperature; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Models, Neurological; Morphine; Motor Activity; Nociceptors; Oligopeptides; Pain; Pain Threshold; Receptors, Cannabinoid; Receptors, Drug; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stress, Mechanical; Stress, Physiological; Swimming; Tail; Viscera | 2000 |
Opioids intrinsically inhibit the genesis of mouse cerebellar granule neuron precursors in vitro: differential impact of mu and delta receptor activation on proliferation and neurite elongation.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Antimetabolites; Apoptosis; Bromodeoxyuridine; Cell Differentiation; Cell Division; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; DNA; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Microscopy, Electron; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurites; Neurons; Oligopeptides; Opioid-Related Disorders; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stem Cells | 2000 |
Effects of differential modulation of mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid systems on bicuculline-induced convulsions in the mouse.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Bicuculline; Brain Chemistry; Convulsants; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Quinolines; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Seizures; Synaptic Transmission | 2000 |
Synthesis and binding affinities of 4-diarylaminotropanes, a new class of delta opioid agonists.
Topics: Animals; Benzamides; Binding Sites; Diphenylamine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Morphine; Piperazines; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stereoisomerism; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tropanes | 2000 |
Cornea-responsive medullary dorsal horn neurons: modulation by local opioids and projections to thalamus and brain stem.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Blinking; Carbon Dioxide; Cornea; Efferent Pathways; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Facial Nerve; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Morphine; Posterior Horn Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stimulation, Chemical; Thalamus; Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus | 2000 |
Morphine modulation of plasmodial-antigens-induced colony-stimulating factors production by macrophages.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Antigens, Protozoan; Colony-Stimulating Factors; Cycloheximide; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Female; Kinetics; Macrophages, Peritoneal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Plasmodium berghei; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2000 |
Selectivity of mu-opioid receptor determined by interfacial residues near third extracellular loop.
Topics: Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Benzamides; Benzomorphans; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; COS Cells; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Fentanyl; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Ligands; Morphine; Mutation; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Peptides; Piperazines; Protein Conformation; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Signal Transduction; Sulfur Radioisotopes | 2000 |
Antianalgesic action of nociceptin originating in the brain is mediated by spinal prostaglandin E(2) in mice.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Dinoprostone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Indomethacin; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nociceptin; Opioid Peptides; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Prostaglandin; Spinal Cord; Substance P | 2001 |
Transport of opioids from the brain to the periphery by P-glycoprotein: peripheral actions of central drugs.
Topics: Animals; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; beta-Endorphin; Biological Transport; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Down-Regulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger | 2001 |
Activity of mu- and delta-opioid agonists in vas deferens from mice deficient in MOR gene.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Female; Genotype; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mice, Mutant Strains; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Vas Deferens | 2001 |
Stimulatory effects of centrally injected kappa-opioid receptor agonists on gastric acid secretion in urethane-anesthetized rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Deoxyglucose; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Gastric Acid; Gastric Mucosa; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stomach; Time Factors; Urethane; Vagus Nerve | 2001 |
L-type and T-type calcium channel blockade potentiate the analgesic effects of morphine and selective mu opioid agonist, but not to selective delta and kappa agonist at the level of the spinal cord in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Amlodipine; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Calcium Channels, T-Type; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Male; Mibefradil; Mice; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Postural Balance; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 2001 |
Role of opioid receptors in neurogenic dural vasodilation and sensitization of trigeminal neurones in anaesthetized rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Action Potentials; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Vessels; Butorphanol; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dura Mater; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Male; Morphine; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus; Vasodilation | 2001 |
Potentiation of opioid analgesia in dopamine2 receptor knock-out mice: evidence for a tonically active anti-opioid system.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Dopamine Antagonists; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Heterozygote; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Naloxone; Nociceptin; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Opioid Peptides; Pain Measurement; Pentazocine; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Receptors, sigma; Sulpiride | 2001 |
Differential effects of morphine, DPDPE, and U-50488 on apomorphine-induced climbing behavior in mu-opioid receptor knockout mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Apomorphine; Dopamine Agonists; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Motor Activity; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2001 |
Morphine tolerance in spinal cord is due to interaction between mu- and delta-receptors.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Female; Injections, Spinal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Peptides; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Species Specificity | 2002 |
Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to mu- and delta-opioid receptor mRNA block the enhanced effects of opioids during intestinal inflammation.
Topics: Animals; Croton Oil; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enteritis; Gastrointestinal Transit; Intestinal Absorption; Irritants; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; RNA, Messenger | 2001 |
Endogenous morphine modulates acute thermonociception in mice.
Topics: Acute Disease; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Buffers; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Ethylketocyclazocine; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hyperalgesia; Immunoglobulin G; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Motor Activity; Nociceptors; Opioid Peptides; Skin Temperature | 2002 |
Possible involvement of mu1-opioid receptors in the fentanyl- or morphine-induced antinociception at supraspinal and spinal sites.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Fentanyl; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 2002 |
Chronic agonist treatment converts antagonists into inverse agonists at delta-opioid receptors.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Opioid-Related Disorders; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2002 |
Pluronic p85 block copolymer enhances opioid peptide analgesia.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; Blood-Brain Barrier; Capillaries; Drug Synergism; Endothelium, Vascular; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Poloxalene; Reaction Time; Solvents | 2002 |
Opioid activity of C8813, a novel and potent opioid analgesic.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Cyclohexanols; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Female; Fentanyl; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Rabbits; Thiophenes | 2003 |
[Mechanisms of opioid receptor-induced elevation in intracellular calcium by confocal laser scanning microscopy].
Topics: Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; GTP-Binding Proteins; Intracellular Fluid; Microscopy, Confocal; Morphine; Opium; Receptors, Opioid | 2000 |
Morphine prevents glutamate-induced death of primary rat neonatal astrocytes through modulation of intracellular redox.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apoptosis; Astrocytes; Benzeneacetamides; Benzimidazoles; Bisbenzimidazole; Carbocyanines; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Nucleus; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Hydrogen Peroxide; Ion Channels; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins; Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neuroglia; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Rhodamine 123 | 2004 |
Chronic morphine-induced loss of the facilitative interaction between vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and delta-opioid: involvement of protein kinase C and phospholipase Cbetas.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Calcium Signaling; Central Nervous System; Cyclic AMP; Down-Regulation; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Female; Isoenzymes; Morphine; Nociceptors; Pain; Phosphatidylinositols; Phospholipase C beta; Phosphorylation; Protein Isoforms; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Spinal Cord; Type C Phospholipases; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Visceral Afferents | 2004 |
Activation of mu opioid receptors in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray inhibits reflex micturition in anesthetized rats.
Topics: Administration, Intravesical; Anesthetics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Female; Microinjections; Morphine; Muscle Contraction; Narcotics; Periaqueductal Gray; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reflex; Sodium Chloride; Urinary Bladder; Urination | 2004 |
Anti-exudative effects of opioid receptor agonists in a rat model of carrageenan-induced acute inflammation of the paw.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Benzamides; Capsaicin; Carrageenan; Cyclosporine; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edema; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials; Fentanyl; Hindlimb; Histamine Antagonists; Inflammation; Male; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Oxidopamine; p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine; Piperazines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2005 |
Inhibition by spinal mu- and delta-opioid agonists of afferent-evoked substance P release.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Afferent Pathways; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Routes; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Functional Laterality; Immunochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Microscopy, Confocal; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain Measurement; Physical Stimulation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Spinal Cord; Spinal Nerve Roots; Substance P | 2005 |
Effects of mu, kappa or delta opioids administered by pellet or pump on oral Salmonella infection and gastrointestinal transit.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Disease Susceptibility; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Implants; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Female; Gastrointestinal Transit; Infusion Pumps, Implantable; Lymph Nodes; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Peyer's Patches; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Salmonella Infections, Animal; Salmonella typhimurium; Spleen | 2006 |
Opioid receptors in the nucleus accumbens regulate attentional learning in the blocking paradigm.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Attention; Electroshock; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Learning; Male; Models, Animal; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nucleus Accumbens; Physical Stimulation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid | 2006 |
Rapid heterologous desensitization of antinociceptive activity between mu or delta opioid receptors and chemokine receptors in rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Chemokine CCL5; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Male; Morphine; Pain; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Chemokine; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2007 |
The possible involvement of endogenous ligands for mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptors in modulating morphine-induced CPP expression in rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Male; Morphine; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2006 |
Nociceptin/orphanin FQ blocks the antinociception induced by mu, kappa and delta opioid agonists on the cold water tail-flick test.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cold Temperature; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Male; Morphine; Nociceptin; Opioid Peptides; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tail; Water | 2007 |
Different effects of opioid antagonists on mu-, delta-, and kappa-opioid receptors with and without agonist pretreatment.
Topics: Benzylidene Compounds; Cells, Cultured; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Humans; Morphine; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Signal Transduction | 2007 |
Differential effects of opioid agonists on G protein expression in CHO cells expressing cloned human opioid receptors.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Benzamides; Blotting, Western; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Cricetulus; Diterpenes, Clerodane; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Ethylketocyclazocine; Etorphine; Female; Furans; Gene Expression; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, G12-G13; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go; Humans; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Piperazines; Pyrones; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2008 |
Role of Src in ligand-specific regulation of delta-opioid receptor desensitization and internalization.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Arrestins; beta-Arrestins; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Cricetulus; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Flow Cytometry; G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Protein Binding; Protein Transport; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Serine; Signal Transduction; src-Family Kinases; Tetrahydroisoquinolines; Transfection | 2009 |
G protein independent phosphorylation and internalization of the delta-opioid receptor.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Arrestins; Benzamides; beta-Arrestin 2; beta-Arrestins; Cell Line, Transformed; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Green Fluorescent Proteins; GTP-Binding Proteins; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Humans; Morphine; Oligopeptides; Pertussis Toxin; Phosphorylation; Piperazines; Protein Binding; Protein Transport; Quinolines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Serine; Sulfur Isotopes; Transfection | 2009 |
Dorsal hippocampal opioidergic system modulates anxiety-like behaviors in adult male Wistar rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Anxiety; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Male; Maze Learning; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2010 |
Opioidergic modulation of ethanol self-administration in the ventral pallidum.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Alcohol Drinking; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Globus Pallidus; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Self Administration; Somatostatin | 2012 |
The effect of intrathecal mu, delta, kappa, and alpha-2 agonists on thermal hyperalgesia induced by mild burn on hind paw in rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Animals; Burns; Clonidine; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Hyperalgesia; Male; Morphine; Pain Threshold; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 2011 |
The inhibition of the nitric oxide-cGMP-PKG-JNK signaling pathway avoids the development of tolerance to the local antiallodynic effects produced by morphine during neuropathic pain.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cyclic GMP; Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Hot Temperature; Hyperalgesia; Indoles; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Nitric Oxide; Sciatic Neuropathy | 2012 |
Standard opioid agonists activate heteromeric opioid receptors: evidence for morphine and [d-Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Glyol(5)]enkephalin as selective μ-δ agonists.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Area Under Curve; Benzeneacetamides; Calcium Signaling; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); HEK293 Cells; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Ligands; Morphine; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2010 |
Treatment with carbon monoxide-releasing molecules and an HO-1 inducer enhances the effects and expression of µ-opioid receptors during neuropathic pain.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Carbon Monoxide; Constriction, Pathologic; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enzyme Induction; Heme Oxygenase-1; Hot Temperature; Indoles; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Neuralgia; Organometallic Compounds; Pain Measurement; Physical Stimulation; Protoporphyrins; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2013 |
In vivo profiling of seven common opioids for antinociception, constipation and respiratory depression: no two opioids have the same profile.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Buprenorphine; Castor Oil; Constipation; Diarrhea; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Fentanyl; Hot Temperature; Male; Morphine; Morphine Derivatives; Oxycodone; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiratory Insufficiency | 2015 |
Chronic opioids regulate KATP channel subunit Kir6.2 and carbonic anhydrase I and II expression in rat adrenal chromaffin cells via HIF-2α and protein kinase A.
Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Medulla; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Carbonic Anhydrase I; Carbonic Anhydrase II; Cell Hypoxia; Cell Line; Chromaffin Cells; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Dopamine; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Hypercapnia; Indoles; Isoquinolines; KATP Channels; Maleimides; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Norepinephrine; Oligopeptides; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; Pregnancy; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Protein Kinase C; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sulfonamides | 2014 |
Treatment with a heme oxygenase 1 inducer enhances the antinociceptive effects of µ-opioid, δ-opioid, and cannabinoid 2 receptors during inflammatory pain.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Ganglia, Spinal; Heme Oxygenase-1; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Nociception; Nociceptive Pain; Protoporphyrins; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Receptors, sigma | 2014 |
Evaluation of the effects of specific opioid receptor agonists in a rodent model of spinal cord injury.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Body Weight; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Locomotion; Male; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Piperazines; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recovery of Function; Severity of Illness Index; Spinal Cord Injuries | 2016 |
A Genetically Encoded Biosensor Reveals Location Bias of Opioid Drug Action.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Biosensing Techniques; Cell Membrane; Dendrites; Endosomes; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Golgi Apparatus; HEK293 Cells; HeLa Cells; Humans; Intracellular Space; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurons; Peptides; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Spatio-Temporal Analysis | 2018 |
Suppression of Human Natural Killer Cells by Different Classes of Opioids.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Buprenorphine; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Fentanyl; Fluoresceins; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; K562 Cells; Killer Cells, Natural; Loperamide; Methadone; Morphinans; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Succinimides; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Tramadol | 2019 |