egtazic acid has been researched along with tetrodotoxin in 195 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 49 (25.13) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 72 (36.92) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 52 (26.67) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 21 (10.77) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (0.51) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Bennett, MV; Clusin, WT | 1 |
| Chesnais, JM; Coraboeuf, E; Sauviat, MP; Vassas, JM | 1 |
| White, TD | 1 |
| DeStefano, MJ; Rabinovitch, M | 1 |
| Crill, WE; Schwindt, PC; Spain, WJ | 1 |
| Baranyi, M; Sperlágh, B; Vizi, ES | 1 |
| Lieberman, EM; Sanzenbacher, E | 1 |
| Christ, D; Stillson, T | 1 |
| Corcuff, JB; Guérineau, N; Mollard, P; Tabarin, A | 1 |
| Lux, HD; Mironov, SL | 1 |
| Earm, YE; Ho, WK; So, I | 1 |
| Kaneko, S; Katsuki, H; Satoh, M; Tajima, A | 1 |
| Douglas, WW; Nemeth, EF; Taraskevich, PS | 1 |
| Lai, J; Sasaguri, T; Watson, SP | 1 |
| Earm, YE; Ho, WK; So, IS | 1 |
| Bittner, GD; Brodwick, MS; Sivaramakrishnan, S | 1 |
| Chiba, C; Tazaki, K | 1 |
| Ishizawa, M | 1 |
| Aburthnott, GW; Butcher, SP; Liptrot, J | 1 |
| Vickroy, TW | 1 |
| O'Neill, RJ; Tung, L | 1 |
| Dudel, J | 1 |
| Goshima, Y; Kubo, T; Misu, Y; Nakamura, S | 1 |
| Ceccarelli, B; Fesce, R; Hurlbut, WP; Iezzi, N | 1 |
| Donnelly, DF; Haddad, GG | 1 |
| Arbuthnott, GW; Butcher, SP; Fairbrother, IS | 1 |
| Clark, GD; Clifford, DB; Zorumski, CF | 1 |
| Hartung, K | 1 |
| Caillé, J; Ildefonse, M; Rougier, O | 1 |
| Hara, N; Maeno, T; Sawada, M | 1 |
| Daly, JW; de la Cruz, RA; Gusovsky, F; Hollingsworth, EB; Sears, EB | 1 |
| Kauppinen, RA; Nicholls, DG; Sihra, TS | 1 |
| MacDonald, JF; Schneiderman, JH | 1 |
| Brown, AM; Childs, GV; Marchetti, C | 1 |
| Hamada, H; Ogata, E; Tsuruo, T; Yamashita, N | 1 |
| Mitchell, MR; Powell, T; Terrar, DA; Twist, VW | 1 |
| Lewis, DV | 1 |
| Iida, H; Page, E | 1 |
| Hernández-Cruz, A; Pape, HC | 1 |
| Alkon, DL; Coulter, DA; Disterhoft, JF; Kubota, M; Lo Turco, JJ; Moore, JW | 1 |
| Hiraoka, M; Kawano, S | 1 |
| Ito, K; Izumi, Y; Kato, H; Kudo, Y; Miyakawa, H; Ogura, A | 1 |
| Benavides, J; Claustre, Y; Scatton, B | 1 |
| Quastel, DM; Saint, DA | 1 |
| Goto, K; Miyamae, S | 1 |
| Iriuchijima, T; Wilber, JF | 1 |
| Bowyer, JF; Masserano, JM; Weiner, N | 1 |
| Carroll, PT | 1 |
| Allescher, HD; Daniel, EE; Fox, JE; Hanke, T; Kostolanska, F | 1 |
| Goto, K; Miyamae, SI | 1 |
| Bourque, CW; Renaud, LP | 1 |
| Iles, A; Lamborghini, JE | 1 |
| Greene, RW; Haas, HL | 1 |
| Andrew, RD; Dudek, FE | 1 |
| Magyar, K; Nguyen, TT; Salamon, Z; Török, TL | 1 |
| Roth, RH; Salzman, PM | 1 |
| Arias, C; Sitges, M; Tapia, R | 1 |
| Conn, PM; Rogers, DC | 1 |
| Hubel, KA; Shirazi, S | 1 |
| Kandel, ER; Kretz, R; Shapiro, E | 1 |
| Kashiwayanagi, M; Kurihara, K; Miyake, M | 1 |
| Furukawa, T; Morishita, H; Sugiyama, M | 1 |
| Koketsu, K; Minota, S | 1 |
| Goto, M; Hyodo, T; Ikeda, K | 1 |
| Kilpatrick, DL | 1 |
| Higashi, H; Morita, K; North, RA | 1 |
| Ito, Y; Itoh, T | 1 |
| Grewaal, DS; Quastel, JH | 1 |
| Fujimoto, WY; Ikeuchi, M; Kanazawa, Y; Kawazu, S; Kikuchi, M; Kosaka, K | 1 |
| Larson, RE; Martins, HR | 1 |
| Margolis, FL; Rochel, S | 1 |
| Gomez, MV; Macedo, TM | 1 |
| Chen, W; Hui, CS | 1 |
| Donowitz, M; Homaidan, FR; Sharp, GW; Tang, SH | 1 |
| D'Angelo, E; De Filippi, G; Rossi, P; Taglietti, V | 1 |
| Corr, PB; Wu, J | 1 |
| Hofmann, AD; Jones, SM; Lieber, JL; Ribera, AB | 1 |
| Borges, S; Gleason, E; Wilson, M | 1 |
| Cleemann, L; Morad, M; Sham, JS | 1 |
| Liu, SH; Shiau, SY | 1 |
| Giri, M; Kaufman, JM | 1 |
| Brodin, E; Lindefors, N; Monno, A; Rizzi, M; Ruiz, R; Samanin, R; Vezzani, A | 1 |
| Cormier, RJ; Kelly, PT; Mauk, MD | 1 |
| Radke, JM; Spyraki, C; Thermos, K | 1 |
| Nakamura, S; Yamashita, H; Zhang, YX | 1 |
| Bal, T; McCormick, DA | 1 |
| Chayvialle, JA; Cuber, JC; Dakka, T; Dumoulin, V | 1 |
| Higashi, H; Inokuchi, H; Nishi, S; Tanaka, E | 1 |
| Dukes, ID; Lancaster, ME; Mertz, RJ; Roe, MW; Worley, JF | 1 |
| Amoroso, S; Annunziato, L; di Renzo, G; Sensi, S | 1 |
| Hill, CE; Myers, JW; Pon, DC | 1 |
| Rosen, AD | 1 |
| Audinat, E; Crépel, F; Gibelin, N; Hamon, B | 1 |
| Domańska-Janik, K; Zabłocka, B | 1 |
| Pagano, AP; Parkman, HP; Ringold, MA; Ryan, JP | 1 |
| Akerman, KE; Hautala, R; Kukkonen, JP | 1 |
| Reiner, PB; Vincent, SR; Williams, JA | 1 |
| Katayama, Y; Soeda, H; Tatsumi, H | 1 |
| Eusebi, F; Giovannelli, A; Lorenzon, P; Ragozzino, D; Ruzzier, F | 1 |
| Greengard, P; Nishi, A; Snyder, GL | 1 |
| Choi, S; Lovinger, DM | 1 |
| Alger, BE; Morishita, W | 1 |
| Driesang, RB; Pape, HC | 1 |
| Kennedy, RT; Lada, MW; Vickroy, TW | 1 |
| Constantine-Paton, M; Lin, SY | 1 |
| Leza, JC; Lizasoain, I; Lorenzo, P; Moro, MA | 1 |
| Allescher, HD; Franck, H; Puschmann, A; Schusdziarra, V; Storr, M | 1 |
| Dun, NJ; Lin, HH | 1 |
| Horan, P; Levin, RM; Liu, SP; Volfson, I | 1 |
| Inoue, M; Nakayamada, H; Tokuyama, S; Ueda, H | 1 |
| Edwards, FR; Hashitani, H | 1 |
| Bernardi, G; Calabresi, P; Centonze, D; Marfia, GA; Pisani, A | 2 |
| Beurrier, C; Bioulac, B; Congar, P; Hammond, C | 1 |
| Alexandre, A; Cavallini, L; Zoccarato, F | 1 |
| Davidoff, RA; Hackman, JC; Holohean, AM | 1 |
| Hebeiss, K; Kilbinger, H | 1 |
| Chen, YZ; Xing, BR; Zhu, BG | 1 |
| Morisset, V; Nagy, F | 2 |
| Bernardi, G; Guatteo, E; Knöpfel, T; Mercuri, NB | 1 |
| Kato, M; Sakuma, Y | 1 |
| Cristòfol, RM; Gassó, S; Rodríguez-Farré, E; Sanfeliu, C; Suñol, C | 2 |
| Pollard, AE; Spitzer, KW; Yang, L; Zaniboni, M | 1 |
| Dosen, PJ; Imtiaz, MS; Nurgaliyeva, K; van Helden, DF; von der Weid, P | 1 |
| Beurrier, C; Bioulac, B; Hammond, C | 1 |
| Gomez, MV; Gomez, RS; Prado, MA | 1 |
| Brumberg, JC; McCormick, DA; Nowak, LG | 1 |
| Hounsgaard, J; Mejia-Gervacio, S; Perrier, JF | 1 |
| Dutar, P; Perkel, DJ; Petrozzino, JJ; Schmidt, MF; Vu, HM | 1 |
| De Deyne, PG | 1 |
| Charlton, MP; Elrick, DB; Tsang, CW | 1 |
| Isaacson, JS | 1 |
| Drew, AE; Werling, LL | 1 |
| Heinemann, SF; Krupp, JJ; Vissel, B; Westbrook, GL | 1 |
| Alroy, G; Kirson, ED; Su, H; Yaari, Y | 1 |
| Buckman, JF; Reynolds, IJ | 1 |
| Akamine, T; Asahara, T; Asahi, M; Itoh, K; Kitagawa, H; Kumazawa, Y; Lin, M; Nishimura, Y; Saitoh, K; Shibuya, H; Yamamoto, T | 1 |
| Bagal, A; Kao, JP; Mei, YA; Tang, CM; Thompson, SM; Wei, DS | 1 |
| Fernandes, VM; Gomez, MV; Gomez, RS; Moraes-Santos, T; Nicolato, R; Prado, MA; Romano-Silva, MA | 1 |
| Murakami, F; Otsuka, T; Song, WJ | 1 |
| Mcmanus, CM; Michel, KE; Simon, DM; Washabau, RJ | 1 |
| Beekenkamp, H; Bossu, JL; Cavelier, P; Desplantez, T; Pouille, F | 1 |
| Lohmann, C; Myhr, KL; Wong, RO | 1 |
| Edgerton, JR; Reinhart, PH | 1 |
| Ceña, V; Galindo, MF; González-García, C; Jordán, J | 1 |
| Duguid, IC; Smart, TG | 1 |
| Liu, X; Stan Leung, L | 1 |
| Cheng, Y; Li, Q; Shang, Z; Su, S; Wang, Y; Xu, Y; Yin, J | 1 |
| Andrews, SB; Hongpaisan, J; Winters, CA | 1 |
| Darcy, DP; Isaacson, JS; Murphy, GJ | 1 |
| Bikoff, JB; Burette, A; Greenberg, ME; Harrar, D; Paradis, S; Tavazoie, S; Tolias, KF; Weinberg, RJ | 1 |
| Konishi, S; Murakoshi, T; Saitow, F; Suzuki, H | 1 |
| Carta, M; Mameli, M; Partridge, LD; Valenzuela, CF | 1 |
| Caboche, J; Delabar, J; Janel, N; Ledru, A; Pagès, C; Robert, K | 1 |
| Chergui, K; Greengard, P; Svenningsson, P | 1 |
| Bordey, A; Haydar, TF; Liu, X; Wang, Q | 1 |
| Awatramani, GB; Price, GD; Trussell, LO | 1 |
| Mukherjee, B; Nikolaeva, MA; Stys, PK | 1 |
| Abdul-Ghani, AS; Abu-Hijleh, AL; Ghani, RA; Muhaisen, A; Qazzaz, M | 1 |
| Avignone, E; Frenguelli, BG; Irving, AJ | 1 |
| French, AS; Höger, U; Torkkeli, PH | 1 |
| Lowe, M; Mattick, PA; Rakovic, S; Sanders, L; Terrar, DA | 1 |
| Kakazu, Y; Komune, S; Matsumoto, N; Nakagawa, T; Shi, HB; Shibata, S | 1 |
| Capetillo-Zarate, E; Dietrich, D; Kukley, M | 1 |
| El Manira, A; Hess, D; Nanou, E | 1 |
| Choi, YM; Chung, S; Jang, JY; Kang, YK; Kim, SH; Park, MK | 1 |
| Belardinelli, L; Shryock, JC; Song, Y | 1 |
| Fernandes, CC; Pinto-Duarte, A; Ribeiro, JA; Sebastião, AM | 1 |
| Dulcis, D; Spitzer, NC | 1 |
| Kolaj, M; Renaud, LP; Zhang, L | 1 |
| Dulon, D; Jones, SM; Petit, C; Safieddine, S | 1 |
| Bonazzola, P; Takara, D | 1 |
| Balana, B; Dolev, I; Laviv, T; Riven, I; Slesinger, PA; Slutsky, I; Vertkin, I | 1 |
| Cho, JH; Choi, BJ; Choi, IS; Jang, IS; Lee, KH; Lee, MG; Park, HM | 1 |
| Baccei, ML; Li, J | 1 |
| Baxter, AW; Choi, SJ; North, RA; Sim, JA | 1 |
| Bauerschmidt, S; Dechering, KJ; Hupkes, M; Jonsson, MK; Piek, E; Scheenen, WJ; Sotoca, AM; van der Heyden, MA; van Ravestein-van Os, RI; van Rotterdam, W; van Someren, EP; van Veen, TA; van Zoelen, EJ; Ypey, DL | 1 |
| Földy, C; Lee, SY; Soltesz, I; Szabadics, J | 1 |
| Cirrito, JR; Goebel, WD; Holtzman, DM; Restivo, JL; Verges, DK | 1 |
| Bhaukaurally, K; Bouvier, D; Chuquet, J; Di Castro, MA; Liaudet, N; Santello, M; Tiret, P; Volterra, A | 1 |
| Ballestero, J; Elgoyhen, AB; Fuchs, PA; Goutman, J; Katz, E; Zorrilla de San Martín, J | 1 |
| Ikegaya, Y; Matsuki, N; Sasaki, T | 1 |
| Edelman, AM; Fortin, DA; Kaech, S; Nygaard, S; Soderling, TR; Sonenberg, N; Srivastava, T | 1 |
| Bakels, R; Corteen, N; Gounko, NV; Jafari, S; Kalicharan, D; Seifi, M; Swinny, JD; van der Want, JJ | 1 |
| Nair, SS; Ransdell, JL; Schulz, DJ | 1 |
| Dong, YX; Liu, P; Song, W; Wang, F; Wu, CF; Xiang, RW; Yang, JY | 1 |
| Galarraga, E; Galindo-Charles, L; Garduño, J; Hernandez-Lopez, S; Jiménez-Rodríguez, J; Mihailescu, S; Tapia, D | 1 |
| Deitmer, JW; Doengi, M; Lohr, C; Meuth, P; Stavermann, M; Thyssen, A | 1 |
| Chang, CY; Chou, SS; Huang, SK; Lin, TY; Lu, CW; Wang, SJ; Wang, YC | 1 |
| Gordon, GR; Rosenegger, DG; Tran, CH; Wamsteeker Cusulin, JI | 1 |
| Attwell, D; Ford, MC; Krasnow, AM; Valdivia, LE; Wilson, SW | 1 |
| Arnoux, I; Barger, Z; Bittner, S; Ellwardt, E; Jubal, ER; Kuhlmann, T; Luchtman, D; Lutz, B; Mandal, S; Mittmann, T; Novkovic, T; Pramanik, G; Ruiz de Azua, I; Schmalz, M; Stroh, A; Vogelaar, CF; Vogt, J; Zipp, F | 1 |
| Bialecki, J; Egaña, J; Grandes, P; Hill, MN; Mendizabal-Zubiaga, J; Thompson, RJ; Tucker, CM; Vecchiarelli, HA; Weilinger, NL; Werner, A | 1 |
2 review(s) available for egtazic acid and tetrodotoxin
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Dopamine release and metabolism in the rat striatum: an analysis by 'in vivo' brain microdialysis.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dialysis; Dopamine; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Monoamine Oxidase; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
Excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Arsenazo III; Birefringence; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cell Membrane; Cell Membrane Permeability; Chlorides; Crustacea; Egtazic Acid; Electric Conductivity; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Ion Channels; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Microscopy, Electron; Models, Biological; Muscle Contraction; Muscles; Neuromuscular Junction; Potassium; Potentiometry; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin | 1985 |
193 other study(ies) available for egtazic acid and tetrodotoxin
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Calcium-activated conductance in skate electroreceptors: current clamp experiments.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Cobalt; Dinitrophenols; Egtazic Acid; Electric Conductivity; Fishes; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Potassium; Sensory Receptor Cells; Sodium; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1977 |
Sensitivity to H, Li and Mg ions of the slow inward sodium current in frog atrial fibres.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Anura; Biological Transport, Active; Calcium; Edetic Acid; Egtazic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro Techniques; Lithium; Magnesium; Myocardium; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin | 1975 |
Direct detection of depolarisation-induced release of ATP from a synaptosomal preparation.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Biological Assay; Biological Transport; Brain; Egtazic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Potassium; Rats; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1977 |
Cell shape changes induced by cationic anesthetics.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Benzocaine; Cell Adhesion; Cell Fusion; Cell Membrane; Cell Movement; Chlorpromazine; Culture Media; Dibucaine; Edetic Acid; Egtazic Acid; Female; HEPES; Lidocaine; Macrophages; Mice; Prilocaine; Pseudopodia; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tetracaine; Tetrodotoxin; Tromethamine | 1976 |
Calcium-dependent potassium currents in neurons from cat sensorimotor cortex.
Topics: Animals; Apamin; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cats; Egtazic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Isoproterenol; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Motor Cortex; Neurons; Potassium Channels; Pyramidal Tracts; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin | 1992 |
Evidence that ATP released from the postsynaptic site by noradrenaline, is involved in mechanical responses of guinea-pig vas deferens: cascade transmission.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Guinea Pigs; Male; Methoxamine; Motor Neurons; Norepinephrine; Prazosin; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Tetrodotoxin; Vas Deferens | 1992 |
Mechanisms of glutamate activation of axon-to-Schwann cell signaling in the squid.
Topics: Aminobutyrates; Animals; Axons; Calcium; Chlorides; Decapodiformes; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Schwann Cells; Signal Transduction; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Tubocurarine | 1992 |
Effects of calcium channel blockers on the contractility of the filariid Acanthocheilonema viteae.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Cadmium; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diltiazem; Dipetalonema; Egtazic Acid; Female; Muscle Contraction; Nifedipine; Tetrodotoxin; Verapamil | 1992 |
Spontaneous and corticotropin-releasing factor-induced cytosolic calcium transients in corticotrophs.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adenoma; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Cytosol; Egtazic Acid; Female; Humans; Isradipine; Membrane Potentials; Oxadiazoles; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary Neoplasms; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Tetrodotoxin; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1991 |
Calmodulin antagonists and protein phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid fasten the 'run-up' of high-voltage activated calcium current in rat hippocampal neurones.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Channels; Calmodulin; Egtazic Acid; Ethers, Cyclic; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Okadaic Acid; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; Pyramidal Tracts; Rats; Sulfonamides; Tetrodotoxin; Trifluoperazine | 1991 |
Effects of Ca(2+)-buffer concentration and stimulus interval on the voltage dependence and timecourse of calcium-release-dependent inward current in rabbit atrial myocytes.
Topics: Animals; Buffers; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Egtazic Acid; Heart; Heart Atria; Isoproterenol; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Rabbits; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1991 |
Separate mechanisms of long-term potentiation in two input systems to CA3 pyramidal neurons of rat hippocampal slices as revealed by the whole-cell patch-clamp technique.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Dendrites; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Female; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Cytosolic Ca2+ in melanotrophs: pharmacological insights into regulatory influences of electrical activity and ion channels.
Topics: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; Animals; Calcium; Cytosol; Egtazic Acid; Ion Channels; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nimodipine; Pituitary Gland; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1990 |
K(+)-stimulation of the phosphoinositide pathway in guinea-pig ileum longitudinal smooth muscle is predominantly neuronal in origin and mediated by the entry of extracellular Ca2+.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Carbachol; Egtazic Acid; Female; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mollusk Venoms; Muscle, Smooth; Neurons; Nifedipine; omega-Conotoxins; Phosphatidylinositols; Potassium; Scorpion Venoms; Sodium Channels; Stimulation, Chemical; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
Inward current generated by Na-Ca exchange during the action potential in single atrial cells of the rabbit.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atrial Function; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; Electric Conductivity; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Rabbits; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
Calcium-activated potassium conductance in presynaptic terminals at the crayfish neuromuscular junction.
Topics: Action Potentials; Aminopyridines; Animals; Astacoidea; Barium; Biological Transport; Cadmium; Calcium; Cell Membrane; Charybdotoxin; Egtazic Acid; Electric Conductivity; Membrane Potentials; Neuromuscular Junction; Potassium; Potassium Channels; Scorpion Venoms; Synapses; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Mechanisms underlying burst generation of the pyloric muscle in the mantis shrimp, Squilla oratoria.
Topics: Animals; Decapoda; Egtazic Acid; Electrophysiology; Female; Ions; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscles; Neuromuscular Junction; Oscillometry; Stomach; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Contractile effects of 16-methyl analogues of PGE2 on the circular and longitudinal muscles of the guinea-pig isolated colon.
Topics: 16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin E2; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Colon; Dinoprostone; Egtazic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Male; Muscle Contraction; Tetrodotoxin; Verapamil | 1991 |
Characterisation of methylphenidate and nomifensine induced dopamine release in rat striatum using in vivo brain microdialysis.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Dialysis; Dopamine; Egtazic Acid; Homovanillic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Methylphenidate; Nomifensine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Reserpine; Stereotaxic Techniques; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Neurobiochemical evidence for calcium-induced depolarization of EGTA-pretreated hippocampal synaptosomes.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Choline; Egtazic Acid; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Male; Membrane Potentials; omega-Conotoxins; Peptides, Cyclic; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Cell-attached patch clamp study of the electropermeabilization of amphibian cardiac cells.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cell Membrane; Cell Membrane Permeability; Egtazic Acid; Electric Conductivity; Electric Stimulation; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Potassium; Rana pipiens; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin | 1991 |
Depolarizing pulses to neuromuscular terminals of frogs can elicit graded, phasic transmitter release in the absence of Ca influx.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Motor Endplate; Neurotransmitter Agents; Quantum Theory; Ranidae; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
Nicotine releases stereoselectively and Ca2(+)-dependently endogenous 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine from rat striatal slices.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine; Egtazic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Mecamylamine; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
Correlation between quantal secretion and vesicle loss at the frog neuromuscular junction.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Egtazic Acid; Female; Kinetics; Magnesium; Male; Membrane Potentials; Microscopy, Electron; Motor Endplate; Neuromuscular Junction; Rana pipiens; Spider Venoms; Synaptic Vesicles; Temperature; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
O2 deprivation induces a major depolarization in brain stem neurons in the adult but not in the neonatal rat.
Topics: Action Potentials; Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apamin; Brain Stem; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Oxygen; Potassium; Rats; Strophanthidin; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
The effect of agonist concentration, membrane voltage and calcium on N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor desensitization.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Egtazic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1990 |
Potentiation of a transient outward current by Na+ influx in crayfish neurones.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amifampridine; Aminopyridines; Animals; Astacoidea; Egtazic Acid; Ion Channels; Motor Neurons; Ouabain; Sodium; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin | 1985 |
Influences of pressure-injected cyclic AMP on the membrane current and characteristics of an identified neuron of Aplysia kurodai.
Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; Animals; Aplysia; Cold Temperature; Cyclic AMP; Egtazic Acid; Glucosamine; Imidazoles; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Neurons; Ouabain; Polyamines; Pressure; Pyrimidines; Tetrodotoxin; Tolbutamide | 1985 |
Accumulations of cyclic AMP and inositol phosphates in guinea pig cerebral cortical synaptoneurosomes: enhancement by agents acting at sodium channels.
Topics: 2-Chloroadenosine; Adenosine; Alkaloids; Animals; Batrachotoxins; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclic AMP; Egtazic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Indolizines; Inositol Phosphates; Ion Channels; Male; Norepinephrine; Piperidines; Scorpion Venoms; Sodium; Sugar Phosphates; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1986 |
Divalent cation modulation of the ionic permeability of the synaptosomal plasma membrane.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cations, Divalent; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cerebral Cortex; Egtazic Acid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Ion Channels; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Onium Compounds; Organophosphorus Compounds; Sodium; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1986 |
Frequency-dependent decay of calcium spikes in cultured spinal cord neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Neural Inhibition; Nifedipine; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1986 |
Involvement of sodium channels and two types of calcium channels in the regulation of adrenocorticotropin release.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Cadmium; Cadmium Chloride; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Dihydropyridines; Egtazic Acid; Female; Ion Channels; Male; Nimodipine; Pituitary Gland, Anterior; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin | 1987 |
Enhancement of voltage-gated Na+ channel current associated with multidrug resistance in human leukemia cells.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line; Doxorubicin; Drug Resistance; Egtazic Acid; Humans; Ion Channels; Leukemia; Mathematics; Membrane Potentials; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin; Vinca Alkaloids | 1987 |
Calcium-activated inward current and contraction in rat and guinea-pig ventricular myocytes.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Myocardial Contraction; Nifedipine; Rats; Ryanodine; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin; Ventricular Function | 1987 |
Calcium-activated inward spike after-currents in bursting neurone R15 of Aplysia.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Aplysia; Barium; Calcium; Dopamine; Egtazic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1988 |
Determinants of atrial natriuretic peptide secretion in cultured atrial myocytes.
Topics: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; Animals; Atrial Function; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Egtazic Acid; Heart; Heart Atria; Kinetics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Ryanodine; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Tetrodotoxin | 1989 |
Identification of two calcium currents in acutely dissociated neurons from the rat lateral geniculate nucleus.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Barium; Cadmium; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cells, Cultured; Egtazic Acid; Electrodes; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Nickel; Rats; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin; Thalamus | 1989 |
Classical conditioning reduces amplitude and duration of calcium-dependent afterhyperpolarization in rabbit hippocampal pyramidal cells.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aminopyridines; Animals; Cadmium; Cadmium Chloride; Calcium; Carbachol; Cobalt; Conditioning, Classical; Egtazic Acid; Electroshock; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Pyramidal Tracts; Rabbits; Reference Values; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin | 1989 |
Calcium-sensitive and insensitive transient outward current in rabbit ventricular myocytes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Caffeine; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Potassium; Rabbits; Ryanodine; Tetrodotoxin | 1989 |
Cytoplasmic calcium elevation in hippocampal granule cell induced by perforant path stimulation and L-glutamate application.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Aspartic Acid; Benzofurans; Calcium; Cytoplasm; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; N-Methylaspartate; Neural Pathways; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 1987 |
L-glutamate increases internal free calcium levels in synaptoneurosomes from immature rat brain via quisqualate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Calcimycin; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Isradipine; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Oxadiazoles; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Stereoisomerism; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1988 |
Transmitter release at mouse motor nerve terminals mediated by temporary accumulation of intracellular barium.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Aminopyridines; Animals; Barium; Egtazic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Mice; Motor Endplate; Muscles; Neomycin; Neuromuscular Junction; Neurotransmitter Agents; Ranidae; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1988 |
The effects of extracellular calcium removal on sino-atrial node cells treated with potassium-depleted solutions.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; Extracellular Space; Potassium; Rabbits; Sinoatrial Node; Tetrodotoxin | 1986 |
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone and histidyl-proline diketopiperazine: stimulation of secretion from hypothalamic fragments in vitro by depolarizing agents.
Topics: Animals; Egtazic Acid; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Ouabain; Peptides, Cyclic; Piperazines; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Verapamil; Veratridine | 1987 |
Inhibitory effects of amphetamine on potassium-stimulated release of [3H]dopamine from striatal slices and synaptosomes.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Calcium; Cobalt; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Egtazic Acid; Nifedipine; Potassium; Rats; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1987 |
Veratridine-induced activation of choline-O-acetyltransferase activity in rat hippocampal tissue: relationship to the veratridine-induced release of acetylcholine.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Egtazic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Rats; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine; Veratrine | 1987 |
Mechanisms of excitatory actions of neurotensin on canine small intestinal circular muscle in vivo and in vitro.
Topics: 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic Acid; Acetylcholine; Animals; Dogs; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Intestine, Small; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neurotensin; Tetrodotoxin | 1987 |
Effects of ethylene glycol-bis-(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N'-tetraacetic acid on rabbit sinoatrial node cells treated with cardiotonic steroids.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Cardiotonic Agents; Egtazic Acid; Female; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro Techniques; Lithium; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nifedipine; Ouabain; Rabbits; Sinoatrial Node; Sodium; Strontium; Tetrodotoxin; Verapamil | 1988 |
Calcium-dependent action potentials in rat supraoptic neurosecretory neurones recorded in vitro.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Egtazic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Supraoptic Nucleus; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1985 |
Development of a high-affinity GABA uptake system in embryonic amphibian spinal neurons.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media; Egtazic Acid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Magnesium; Neurons; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin; Thymidine; Time Factors; Xenopus laevis | 1985 |
Adenosine actions on CA1 pyramidal neurones in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adenosine; Animals; Cadmium; Cadmium Chloride; Egtazic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Pyramidal Tracts; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1985 |
Intrinsic inhibition in magnocellular neuroendocrine cells of rat hypothalamus.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Chlorides; Egtazic Acid; Hypothalamus; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Neurosecretion; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1984 |
Spontaneous [3H]noradrenaline release from the main pulmonary artery of the rabbit induced by sodium-pump inhibition.
Topics: Animals; Calcimycin; Calcium; Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone; Egtazic Acid; Female; Ion Channels; Male; Norepinephrine; Ouabain; Potassium; Pulmonary Artery; Rabbits; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1984 |
Poststimulation catecholamine synthesis and tyrosine hydroxylase activation in central noradrenergic neurons. II. Depolarized hippocampal slices.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Catecholamines; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Phosphates; Rats; Sodium Chloride; Solutions; Tetrodotoxin; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1980 |
Stimulation of [3H]gamma-aminobutyric acid release by calcium chelators in synaptosomes.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Brain; Calcium; Dopamine; Edetic Acid; Egtazic Acid; Ethylene Glycols; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Magnesium; Mice; Sodium; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1984 |
Gonadotropin release from pituitary cultures following activation of endogenous ion channels.
Topics: Aconitine; Animals; Batrachotoxins; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Egtazic Acid; Female; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Ion Channels; Luteinizing Hormone; Pituitary Gland; Rats; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1980 |
Human ileal ion transport in vitro: changes with electrical field stimulation and tetrodotoxin.
Topics: Atropine; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Humans; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Absorption; Ion Channels; Tetrodotoxin | 1982 |
Post-tetanic potentiation at an identified synapse in Aplysia is correlated with a Ca2+-activated K+ current in the presynaptic neuron: evidence for Ca2+ accumulation.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Aplysia; Biological Transport, Active; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; Ganglia; Ion Channels; Muscle Contraction; Neurons; Potassium; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 1982 |
Voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel and Na+ channel in frog taste cells.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cobalt; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Rana catesbeiana; Sodium; Taste Buds; Tetrodotoxin | 1983 |
Inhibition by sulfur-containing amino acids and GABA of sympathetic neurotransmission in guinea-pig vas deferens.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acids, Sulfur; Animals; Atropine; Bretylium Compounds; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guanethidine; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Norepinephrine; Sympathetic Nervous System; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Vas Deferens | 1983 |
Prolonged action potential of frog skeletal muscle membrane in Ca-free EGTA solution.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; Electric Conductivity; Gallopamil; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Muscles; Ranidae; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin | 1983 |
Ca-dependent outward currents in bullfrog myocardium.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Barium; Calcium; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cesium; Cobalt; Egtazic Acid; Electric Conductivity; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Potassium; Rana catesbeiana; Rats; Tetrodotoxin | 1983 |
Ion channels and membrane potential in stimulus-secretion coupling in adrenal paraneurons.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Calcium Radioisotopes; Cattle; Chromaffin System; Egtazic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Veratridine | 1984 |
Calcium-dependent after-potentials in visceral afferent neurones of the rabbit.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Cobalt; Cold Temperature; Egtazic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurons, Afferent; Nodose Ganglion; Potassium; Rabbits; Sodium Cyanide; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Vagus Nerve | 1984 |
The roles of stored calcium in contractions of cat tracheal smooth muscle produced by electrical stimulation, acetylcholine and high K+.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Caffeine; Calcium; Cats; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neuroeffector Junction; Potassium; Procaine; Propranolol; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin; Trachea | 1984 |
Evoked release of tissue-bound exogenous [1--14C]acetylcholine from rat brain cortex slices.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Egtazic Acid; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Ouabain; Potassium; Protoveratrines; Rats; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin | 1980 |
Dual effects of veratridine on glucagon and insulin secretion: dependence upon extracellular and intracellular calcium.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Egtazic Acid; Glucagon; Glucose; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Islets of Langerhans; Ouabain; Rats; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine; Veratrine | 1981 |
Early effect of glucose and oxygen deprivation on the spontaneous acetylcholine release from the myenteric plexus of the guinea pig ileum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Calcium; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egtazic Acid; Glucose; Guinea Pigs; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Male; Morphine; Myenteric Plexus; Potassium; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1981 |
Carnosine release from olfactory bulb synaptosomes is calcium-dependent and depolarization-stimulated.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Carnosine; Dipeptides; Dopamine; Egtazic Acid; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Intracellular Membranes; Kinetics; Leucine; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Olfactory Bulb; Potassium; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1982 |
Effects of tityustoxin (TsTX) from scorpion venom on the release and synthesis of acetylcholine in brain slices.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Brain; Egtazic Acid; Neurotoxins; Potassium; Rats; Scorpion Venoms; Tetrodotoxin | 1982 |
Origin of delayed outward ionic current in charge movement traces from frog skeletal muscle.
Topics: 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid; 4-Aminopyridine; Amifampridine; Animals; Anions; Calcium; Cesium; Chloride Channels; Egtazic Acid; Furosemide; Gluconates; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Muscle, Skeletal; Rana temporaria; Rubidium; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1994 |
Effects of galanin on short circuit current and electrolyte transport in rabbit ileum.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cell Membrane; Chlorides; Egtazic Acid; Electric Conductivity; Epithelium; Galanin; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Mucosa; Kinetics; Male; Neuropeptides; Peptides; Rabbits; Receptors, Galanin; Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin | 1994 |
Synaptic excitation of individual rat cerebellar granule cells in situ: evidence for the role of NMDA receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Cerebellum; Egtazic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1995 |
Palmitoylcarnitine increases [Na+]i and initiates transient inward current in adult ventricular myocytes.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; Electrophysiology; Female; Heart; Heart Ventricles; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Myocardium; Nickel; Ouabain; Palmitoylcarnitine; Rabbits; Sarcolemma; Sodium; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1995 |
Overexpression of potassium channel RNA: in vivo development rescues neurons from suppression of morphological differentiation in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Blastomeres; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Egtazic Acid; Embryo, Nonmammalian; Gene Expression; Heart; Immunohistochemistry; Neurons; omega-Conotoxins; Peptides; Potassium Channels; RNA, Messenger; Tetrodotoxin; Xenopus | 1995 |
Electrogenic Na-Ca exchange clears Ca2+ loads from retinal amacrine cells in culture.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Calcium; Carrier Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; Egtazic Acid; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Sodium; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1995 |
Functional coupling of Ca2+ channels and ryanodine receptors in cardiac myocytes.
Topics: Animals; Barium; Caffeine; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Carrier Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Fluorescent Dyes; Heart; Heart Ventricles; Kinetics; Male; Membrane Potentials; Muscle Proteins; Nickel; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Ryanodine; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Tetrodotoxin | 1995 |
Studies on the contracture inducing action of triphenyltin in the mouse diaphragm.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Caffeine; Calcium; Calcium Radioisotopes; Diaphragm; Dithiothreitol; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Female; Glycerol; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Muscle Contraction; Neuromuscular Junction; Organotin Compounds; Potassium; Ryanodine; Tetrodotoxin; Trypsin; Veratridine | 1994 |
In vitro GnRH release from the isolated medial basal hypothalamus of the male guinea pig: evidence for the existence of two pools of releasable GnRH.
Topics: Animals; Egtazic Acid; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Guinea Pigs; Hypothalamus, Middle; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Radioimmunoassay; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin; Verapamil; Veratridine | 1994 |
Extracellular somatostatin measured by microdialysis in the hippocampus of freely moving rats: evidence for neuronal release.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Dialysis; Egtazic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microchemistry; Neurons; Ouabain; Potassium Chloride; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Somatostatin; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1993 |
Glutamate iontophoresis induces long-term potentiation in the absence of evoked presynaptic activity.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adenosine; Animals; Calcium; Dizocilpine Maleate; Egtazic Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Iontophoresis; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Chloride; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Neuronal release of somatostatin in the rat striatum: an in vivo microdialysis study.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dialysis; Egtazic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Membranes, Artificial; Neurons; Perfusion; Potassium Chloride; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channels; Somatostatin; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine | 1993 |
The effects of thiamin and its phosphate esters on dopamine release in the rat striatum.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Egtazic Acid; Homovanillic Acid; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Microdialysis; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Peptides; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Thiamine; Thiamine Pyrophosphate; Thiamine Triphosphate; Vagus Nerve | 1993 |
Mechanisms of oscillatory activity in guinea-pig nucleus reticularis thalami in vitro: a mammalian pacemaker.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Biological Clocks; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; Female; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Picrotoxin; Potassium; Receptors, GABA; Serotonin; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin; Thalamic Nuclei | 1993 |
Luminal bile salts and neurotensin release in the isolated vascularly perfused rat jejuno-ileum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bile Acids and Salts; Cattle; Cholic Acid; Cholic Acids; Egtazic Acid; Glycocholic Acid; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Jejunum; Kinetics; Male; Neurotensin; Oleic Acid; Oleic Acids; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Taurine; Taurocholic Acid; Taurodeoxycholic Acid; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Verapamil | 1994 |
Ionic mechanisms underlying the depolarizing and hyperpolarizing afterpotentials of single spike in guinea-pig cingulate cortical neurons.
Topics: 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid; 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid; Action Potentials; Animals; Cadmium; Calcium; Cations; Chlorides; Cobalt; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Gyrus Cinguli; Isethionic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Potassium; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Voltage-dependent intracellular calcium release from mouse islets stimulated by glucose.
Topics: Animals; Caffeine; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cells, Cultured; Egtazic Acid; Fura-2; Glucose; Islets of Langerhans; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Potassium Chloride; Ryanodine; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Inhibition of the Na(+)-Ca++ exchanger enhances anoxia and glucopenia-induced [3H]aspartate release in hippocampal slices.
Topics: Amiloride; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Carrier Proteins; Cell Hypoxia; Egtazic Acid; Glucose; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Lanthanum; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Tetrodotoxin | 1993 |
Involvement of intrahepatic innervation in caesium-induced haemodynamic oscillations in the rat liver.
Topics: Animals; Cesium; Egtazic Acid; Liver; Male; Oxygen; Perfusion; Portal Pressure; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Regional Blood Flow; Tetrodotoxin; Verapamil | 1993 |
Inhibition of calcium channel activation in GH3 cells by static magnetic fields.
Topics: Calcium Channels; Cell Line; Egtazic Acid; Electric Conductivity; Magnetics; Membrane Potentials; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pituitary Gland; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Calcium-dependent, slowly inactivating potassium currents in cultured neurons of rat neocortex.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channels; Rats; Tetrodotoxin | 1995 |
Enhancement of 3[H]D-aspartate release during ischemia like conditions in rat hippocampal slices: source of excitatory amino acids.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Rats; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Effect of modulating voltage-dependent calcium channels on cholecystokinin and acetylcholine-induced contractions of the guinea pig gallbladder.
Topics: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Chelating Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egtazic Acid; Extracellular Space; Gallbladder; Gastrointestinal Agents; Guinea Pigs; Hexamethonium; Isometric Contraction; Muscarinic Antagonists; Muscle, Smooth; Nifedipine; Potassium; Sincalide; Tetrodotoxin | 1996 |
Muscarinic depolarization of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells as determined using oxonol V.
Topics: Egtazic Acid; Electrophysiology; Fluorescent Dyes; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Isoxazoles; Membrane Potentials; Muscarine; Muscarinic Agonists; Neuroblastoma; Receptors, Muscarinic; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1996 |
Nitric oxide production in rat thalamus changes with behavioral state, local depolarization, and brainstem stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Stem; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology; Male; Microdialysis; Nitric Oxide; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sleep Stages; Tetrodotoxin; Thalamus; Wakefulness | 1997 |
Neurotransmitter release from growth cones of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons in culture.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ganglia, Spinal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Spontaneous and repetitive calcium transients in C2C12 mouse myotubes during in vitro myogenesis.
Topics: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Apamin; Caffeine; Calcium; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Cytosol; Egtazic Acid; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Microscopy, Confocal; Microscopy, Video; Muscle, Skeletal; Oscillometry; Potassium Chloride; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin; Verapamil | 1997 |
Bidirectional regulation of DARPP-32 phosphorylation by dopamine.
Topics: 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Calcineurin; Calcineurin Inhibitors; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Colforsin; Corpus Striatum; Cyclosporine; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; Egtazic Acid; Fenoldopam; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurotoxins; Nucleus Accumbens; Phosphoproteins; Phosphorylation; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Quinpirole; Raclopride; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Salicylamides; Signal Transduction; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Decreased frequency but not amplitude of quantal synaptic responses associated with expression of corticostriatal long-term depression.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Chelating Agents; Corpus Striatum; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Microdialysis; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurotoxins; Neurotransmitter Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Secretory Rate; Strontium; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptic Vesicles; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Sr2+ supports depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition and provides new evidence for a presynaptic expression mechanism in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Strontium; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 1997 |
Ionic mechanisms of intrinsic oscillations in neurons of the basolateral amygdaloid complex.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amygdala; Animals; Apamin; Barium; Calcium; Cations, Divalent; Cesium; Charybdotoxin; Egtazic Acid; Evoked Potentials; Fourier Analysis; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Oscillometry; Peptides; Sodium; Tetraethylammonium; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Evidence for neuronal origin and metabotropic receptor-mediated regulation of extracellular glutamate and aspartate in rat striatum in vivo following electrical stimulation of the prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Benzoates; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Cycloleucine; Dicarboxylic Acids; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 1998 |
Suppression of sprouting: An early function of NMDA receptors in the absence of AMPA/kainate receptor activity.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Axons; Cells, Cultured; Chelating Agents; Dizocilpine Maleate; Egtazic Acid; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Magnesium; Membrane Proteins; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Qa-SNARE Proteins; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Superior Colliculi; Synapses; Synaptophysin; Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25; Tetrodotoxin; Xenopus | 1998 |
Peroxynitrite causes aspartate release from dissociated rat cerebellar granule neurones.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cerebellar Cortex; Dithiothreitol; Egtazic Acid; Glutamic Acid; Ion Transport; Kainic Acid; Membrane Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Superoxides; Tetrodotoxin | 1998 |
Involvement of intracellular Ca2+ stores in inhibitory effects of NO donor SIN-1 and cGMP.
Topics: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Apamin; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Carbachol; Charybdotoxin; Cyclic GMP; Egtazic Acid; Glyburide; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Kinetics; Male; Molsidomine; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Peptides; Potassium Channels; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetraethylammonium; Tetrodotoxin; Thionucleotides | 1998 |
Post- and presynaptic GABA(B) receptor activation in neonatal rat rostral ventrolateral medulla neurons in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Baclofen; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; Guanosine Diphosphate; In Vitro Techniques; Medulla Oblongata; Neurons; Organophosphorus Compounds; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-B; Tetraethylammonium; Tetrodotoxin; Thionucleotides | 1998 |
Effects of hypoxia, calcium, carbachol, atropine and tetrodotoxin on the filling of the in-vitro rabbit whole bladder.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Carbachol; Egtazic Acid; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Rabbits; Tetrodotoxin; Urinary Bladder | 1998 |
In vivo signal transduction of tetrodotoxin-sensitive nociceptive responses by substance P given into the planta of the mouse hind limb.
Topics: Action Potentials; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Biphenyl Compounds; Calcium Signaling; Egtazic Acid; Estrenes; GTP-Binding Proteins; Hindlimb; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Ion Transport; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Models, Neurological; Muscle Contraction; Neurons, Afferent; Neurotoxins; Nociceptors; Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Pyrrolidinones; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Reflex; Signal Transduction; Substance P; Tetrodotoxin; Type C Phospholipases | 1998 |
Spontaneous and neurally activated depolarizations in smooth muscle cells of the guinea-pig urethra.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Caffeine; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Female; Guanethidine; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Membrane Potentials; Microelectrodes; Muscle, Smooth; Neuromuscular Junction; Nifedipine; Niflumic Acid; Phenylephrine; Stochastic Processes; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Urethra | 1999 |
Sodium influx plays a major role in the membrane depolarization induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation in rat striatal spiny neurons.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Cerebral Cortex; Chelating Agents; Corpus Striatum; Egtazic Acid; Glucose; Glyburide; Hypoglycemic Agents; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Oxygen; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin; Tolbutamide | 1999 |
Subthalamic nucleus neurons switch from single-spike activity to burst-firing mode.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Nickel; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channels; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin; Thalamic Nuclei | 1999 |
The pH-sensitive dye acridine orange as a tool to monitor exocytosis/endocytosis in synaptosomes.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Acids; Acridine Orange; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biological Transport; Cadmium; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Chelating Agents; Dimerization; Egtazic Acid; Endocytosis; Exocytosis; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Macrolides; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Synaptic Vesicles; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Mechanisms involved in the metabotropic glutamate receptor-enhancement of NMDA-mediated motoneurone responses in frog spinal cord.
Topics: Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Benzoates; Calcium; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Chlorpromazine; Cycloleucine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Egtazic Acid; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glycine; GTP-Binding Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroprotective Agents; Pertussis Toxin; Rana pipiens; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Reflex; Resorcinols; Second Messenger Systems; Spinal Cord; Sulfonamides; Tetrodotoxin; Thapsigargin; Virulence Factors, Bordetella | 1999 |
Cholinergic and GABAergic regulation of nitric oxide synthesis in the guinea pig ileum.
Topics: Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Cholinergic Agonists; Cholinergic Antagonists; Citrulline; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Female; GABA Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Isometric Contraction; Male; Mecamylamine; Muscimol; Muscle, Smooth; Myenteric Plexus; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; Oxotremorine; Scopolamine; Tetrodotoxin; Tubocurarine | 1999 |
Electrophysiological recordings and calcium measurements in striatal large aspiny interneurons in response to combined O2/glucose deprivation.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Chelating Agents; Corpus Striatum; Egtazic Acid; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glucose; Hypoxia; Interneurons; Male; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Effect of calcium on the uptake of glutamate by synaptosomes: possible involvement of two different mechanisms.
Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; Animals; Calcium; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Calmodulin; Cerebral Cortex; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Electrophysiology; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Trifluoperazine | 1999 |
Ionic basis for plateau potentials in deep dorsal horn neurons of the rat spinal cord.
Topics: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Barium; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Evoked Potentials; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Manganese; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Fibers; Neurons; Pain; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin | 1999 |
Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors mediate an inward current in rat substantia nigra dopamine neurons that is independent from calcium mobilization.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Calcium; Chromones; Cycloleucine; Egtazic Acid; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Resorcinols; Substantia Nigra; Tetrodotoxin; Thapsigargin | 1999 |
The effect of GHRP-6 on the intracellular Na+ concentration of rat pituitary cells in primary culture.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cells, Cultured; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extracellular Space; Gadolinium; Hormones; Intracellular Fluid; Male; Oligopeptides; Ouabain; Pituitary Gland, Anterior; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium; Somatostatin; Tetrodotoxin; Thapsigargin | 1999 |
Trimethyltin and triethyltin differentially induce spontaneous noradrenaline release from rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid; Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; Animals; Biological Transport; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cell Membrane; Chelating Agents; Chlorides; Desipramine; Egtazic Acid; Environmental Pollutants; Hippocampus; Ions; Male; Norepinephrine; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Tetrodotoxin; Triethyltin Compounds; Trimethyltin Compounds; Tritium | 2000 |
Beat-to-beat repolarization variability in ventricular myocytes and its suppression by electrical coupling.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cell Communication; Egtazic Acid; Electric Conductivity; Electric Impedance; Electrophysiology; Guinea Pigs; Heart; Heart Rate; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperidones; Spiro Compounds; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Ventricular Function | 2000 |
Role of calcium stores and membrane voltage in the generation of slow wave action potentials in guinea-pig gastric pylorus.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cadmium; Caffeine; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cell Membrane; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Heparin; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Membrane Potentials; Muscle, Smooth; Nifedipine; Pyloric Antrum; Ryanodine; Stomach; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Slowly inactivating sodium current (I(NaP)) underlies single-spike activity in rat subthalamic neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; Biological Clocks; Calcium; Cesium; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Male; Neurons; Nickel; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periodicity; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium; Subthalamic Nucleus; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
The effect of isoflurane on the release of [(3)H]-acetylcholine from rat brain cortical slices.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Cadmium; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cerebral Cortex; Dantrolene; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egtazic Acid; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Isoflurane; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium; Tetracaine; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 2000 |
Ionic mechanisms underlying repetitive high-frequency burst firing in supragranular cortical neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Aging; Animals; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Cycloleucine; Egtazic Acid; Female; Ferrets; In Vitro Techniques; Lidocaine; Male; Neurons; Phenytoin; Potassium; Potassium Channels; Pyramidal Cells; Sodium; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin; Visual Cortex | 2000 |
Pharmacological characterization of the effects of methylmercury and mercuric chloride on spontaneous noradrenaline release from rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; Amiloride; Animals; Caffeine; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chelating Agents; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cobalt; Desipramine; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hippocampus; Male; Mercuric Chloride; Methylmercury Compounds; Norepinephrine; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reserpine; Ruthenium Red; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Thapsigargin | 2000 |
Plateau potential-dependent windup of the response to primary afferent stimuli in rat dorsal horn neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Cell Membrane; Chelating Agents; Cycloleucine; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Nifedipine; Nociceptors; Organ Culture Techniques; Posterior Horn Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Facilitation of plateau potentials in turtle motoneurones by a pathway dependent on calcium and calmodulin.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Calmodulin; Dopamine Antagonists; Egtazic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Intracellular Fluid; Membrane Potentials; Motor Neurons; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, Muscarinic; Sodium; Spinal Cord; Tetraethylammonium; Tetrodotoxin; Trifluoperazine; Turtles | 2000 |
Slow synaptic inhibition mediated by metabotropic glutamate receptor activation of GIRK channels.
Topics: Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic; Animals; Baclofen; Chelating Agents; Cycloleucine; Egtazic Acid; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels; GABA Agonists; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Guanosine Diphosphate; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neural Inhibition; Neuroprotective Agents; Potassium Channels; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Songbirds; Synapses; Tetraethylammonium; Tetrodotoxin; Thionucleotides | 2000 |
Formation of sarcomeres in developing myotubes: role of mechanical stretch and contractile activation.
Topics: Actinin; Animals; Blotting, Western; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cells, Cultured; Chelating Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egtazic Acid; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Development; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; Muscle, Skeletal; Myosin Heavy Chains; Nifedipine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sarcomeres; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin; Verapamil | 2000 |
alpha-Latrotoxin releases calcium in frog motor nerve terminals.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Estrenes; Exocytosis; Fluorescent Dyes; In Vitro Techniques; Intracellular Fluid; Mitochondria; Neuromuscular Junction; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Pyridinium Compounds; Pyrrolidinones; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rana pipiens; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Spider Venoms; Tetrodotoxin; Type C Phospholipases; Uncoupling Agents | 2000 |
Mechanisms governing dendritic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release in the rat olfactory bulb.
Topics: Animals; Cadmium; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Dendrites; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Exocytosis; Feedback; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Magnesium; Olfactory Bulb; omega-Conotoxins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Photolysis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Protein kinase C regulation of dopamine transporter initiated by nicotinic receptor activation in slices of rat prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Alkaloids; Amphetamine; Animals; Benzophenanthridines; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Carrier Proteins; Dopamine; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Indoles; Male; Maleimides; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nicotine; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Phenanthridines; Potassium; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Nicotinic; Second Messenger Systems; Sodium Channels; Staurosporine; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium; Veratridine | 2001 |
A use-dependent tyrosine dephosphorylation of NMDA receptors is independent of ion flux.
Topics: Adaptor Protein Complex 1; Adaptor Protein Complex 2; Adaptor Protein Complex 3; Adaptor Protein Complex mu Subunits; Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; Bicuculline; Calcium; CD4 Antigens; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Cloning, Molecular; Dizocilpine Maleate; Down-Regulation; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Magnesium; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phosphoproteins; Phosphotyrosine; Protein Subunits; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Recombinant Proteins; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Transfection; Up-Regulation | 2001 |
Extracellular calcium modulates persistent sodium current-dependent burst-firing in hippocampal pyramidal neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Cell Membrane; Chelating Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme Activators; Extracellular Space; Gap Junctions; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Lysine; Nickel; Phenytoin; Phorbol Esters; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Protein Kinase C; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Sensory Thresholds; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Spontaneous changes in mitochondrial membrane potential in cultured neurons.
Topics: Animals; Benzimidazoles; Calcium; Carbocyanines; Cells, Cultured; Chelating Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorescent Dyes; Intracellular Membranes; Light; Membrane Potentials; Microscopy, Video; Mitochondria; Neurons; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Rhodamines; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Ionic mechanisms underlying burst firing of layer III sensorimotor cortical neurons of the cat: an in vitro slice study.
Topics: Action Potentials; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Apamin; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cats; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Electrophysiology; Lidocaine; Manganese; Motor Cortex; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Periodicity; Sodium; Somatosensory Cortex; Tetraethylammonium; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Compartmentalized and binary behavior of terminal dendrites in hippocampal pyramidal neurons.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Animals; Cadmium; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Calcium Signaling; Cesium; Dendrites; Egtazic Acid; Glutamates; Hippocampus; Light; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Photolysis; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Beta-scorpion toxin induces the release of gamma-[3 H]aminobutyric acid in rat brain slices.
Topics: Animals; beta-Alanine; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Organ Culture Techniques; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Scorpion Venoms; Sodium Channels; Synaptic Membranes; Tetrodotoxin; Tritium | 2001 |
Excitatory postsynaptic potentials trigger a plateau potential in rat subthalamic neurons at hyperpolarized states.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Neurons; Nifedipine; Organ Culture Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Subthalamic Nucleus; Temperature; Tetraethylammonium; Tetrodotoxin | 2001 |
Effect of short-chain fatty acids on contraction of smooth muscle in the canine colon.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Animals; Atropine; Butyrates; Choline; Colon; Dietary Fiber; Dogs; Egtazic Acid; Fatty Acids; Female; Fermentation; Gastrointestinal Motility; In Vitro Techniques; Isometric Contraction; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Nifedipine; Propionates; Ryanodine; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
Control of the propagation of dendritic low-threshold Ca(2+) spikes in Purkinje cells from rat cerebellar slice cultures.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Agatoxins; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Cadmium; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, P-Type; Calcium Channels, Q-Type; Cerebellum; Chelating Agents; Dendrites; Egtazic Acid; Evoked Potentials; Organ Culture Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Purkinje Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spider Venoms; Tetraethylammonium; Tetrodotoxin | 2002 |
Transmitter-evoked local calcium release stabilizes developing dendrites.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amacrine Cells; Animals; Atropine; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cell Size; Chick Embryo; Dendrites; Egtazic Acid; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Indoles; Neurites; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nicotinic Antagonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Ryanodine; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Thapsigargin | 2002 |
Distinct contributions of small and large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels to rat Purkinje neuron function.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Apamin; Cadmium; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, P-Type; Egtazic Acid; Electrophysiology; In Vitro Techniques; Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels; Membrane Potentials; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Peptides; Potassium Channels; Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated; Purkinje Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin | 2003 |
Role and regulation of p53 in depolarization-induced neuronal death.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Catalase; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Electrophysiology; Embryo, Mammalian; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorometry; Free Radical Scavengers; Fura-2; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Membrane Potentials; Metalloporphyrins; Mitochondria; N-Methylaspartate; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Oxygen; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channels; Staurosporine; Superoxides; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Veratridine; Vitamin E | 2003 |
Retrograde activation of presynaptic NMDA receptors enhances GABA release at cerebellar interneuron-Purkinje cell synapses.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cadmium; Calcium; Cerebellum; Chelating Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Isoenzymes; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neural Inhibition; Neuronal Plasticity; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperidines; Presynaptic Terminals; Purkinje Cells; Pyrazoles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Rimonabant; Ryanodine; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptophysin; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2004 |
Sodium-activated potassium conductance participates in the depolarizing afterpotential following a single action potential in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Female; GABA Antagonists; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Lithium; Male; Neural Conduction; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Picrotoxin; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Pyramidal Cells; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetraethylammonium; Tetrodotoxin | 2004 |
Effects of nanomolar concentration dihydroouabain on calcium current and intracellular calcium in guinea pig ventricular myocytes.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Heart Ventricles; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Myocytes, Cardiac; Nisoldipine; Ouabain; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Tetrodotoxin | 2004 |
Strong calcium entry activates mitochondrial superoxide generation, upregulating kinase signaling in hippocampal neurons.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme Activation; Gene Expression Regulation; Hippocampus; Mitochondria; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Okadaic Acid; Oligomycins; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; Phosphorylation; Protein Kinase C; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Protein Transport; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Rotenone; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Tetrodotoxin; Transfection | 2004 |
Intraglomerular inhibition: signaling mechanisms of an olfactory microcircuit.
Topics: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Cadmium; Calcium; Calcium Channel Agonists; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Signaling; Chelating Agents; Dendrites; Diagnostic Imaging; Dihydropyridines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neural Conduction; Neural Inhibition; Neural Networks, Computer; Neurons; Nickel; Nimodipine; Olfactory Bulb; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phosphinic Acids; Potassium; Propanolamines; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Valine | 2005 |
The Rac1-GEF Tiam1 couples the NMDA receptor to the activity-dependent development of dendritic arbors and spines.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blotting, Western; Brain; Calcium; Cell Line; Cell Size; Cloning, Molecular; Dendritic Spines; DNA-Binding Proteins; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Ephrin-B1; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Immunoprecipitation; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Models, Neurological; Neoplasm Proteins; Neurons; p21-Activated Kinases; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Proteins; rac1 GTP-Binding Protein; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Antisense; RNA, Small Interfering; Synaptosomes; T-Lymphoma Invasion and Metastasis-inducing Protein 1; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Transcription Factors; Transfection; Valine | 2005 |
Metabotropic P2Y purinoceptor-mediated presynaptic and postsynaptic enhancement of cerebellar GABAergic transmission.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Calcium; Cerebellar Cortex; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Interneurons; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Neuroglia; Neuronal Plasticity; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Purkinje Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Presynaptic; Receptors, Purinergic P2; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Thionucleotides; Xanthines | 2005 |
Neurosteroid-induced plasticity of immature synapses via retrograde modulation of presynaptic NMDA receptors.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antibodies; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chelating Agents; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neuronal Plasticity; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperidines; Pregnenolone; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinolinic Acids; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2005 |
Regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase by homocysteine in hippocampus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blotting, Western; Chelating Agents; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Gene Expression Regulation; Glycine; Hippocampus; Homocysteine; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Signal Transduction; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2005 |
Physiological role for casein kinase 1 in glutamatergic synaptic transmission.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Bicuculline; Casein Kinase 1 epsilon; Casein Kinase I; Casein Kinase Ialpha; Casein Kinase Idelta; Corpus Striatum; Egtazic Acid; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; N-Methylaspartate; Neocortex; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Okadaic Acid; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; Protein Phosphatase 1; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2005 |
Nonsynaptic GABA signaling in postnatal subventricular zone controls proliferation of GFAP-expressing progenitors.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Botulinum Toxins; Bromodeoxyuridine; Cadmium; Cell Count; Cell Proliferation; Chelating Agents; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Lateral Ventricles; Meclofenamic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Nickel; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Spider Venoms; Stem Cells; Tetrodotoxin | 2005 |
Modulation of transmitter release by presynaptic resting potential and background calcium levels.
Topics: Agatoxins; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Stem; Cadmium Chloride; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chelating Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Fura-2; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nickel; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Spider Venoms; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2005 |
Na+-dependent sources of intra-axonal Ca2+ release in rat optic nerve during in vitro chemical ischemia.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Axons; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fluorescent Dyes; Glucose; In Vitro Techniques; Ischemia; Male; Microscopy, Confocal; Nitrogen; Optic Nerve; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Veratridine | 2005 |
Stimulated release of exogenous GABA and glutamate from cerebral cortical synaptosomes and brain slices by bis(acetato)tetrakis(imidazole) copper(II) complex.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egtazic Acid; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Organometallic Compounds; Rats; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 2005 |
Differential responses to NMDA receptor activation in rat hippocampal interneurons and pyramidal cells may underlie enhanced pyramidal cell vulnerability.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Cell Communication; Cell Survival; Chelating Agents; Diagnostic Imaging; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Interneurons; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrodotoxin | 2005 |
Calcium concentration changes during sensory transduction in spider mechanoreceptor neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Ionomycin; Ionophores; Mechanoreceptors; Neurons; Nickel; Signal Transduction; Spiders; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2005 |
Fundamental importance of Na+-Ca2+ exchange for the pacemaking mechanism in guinea-pig sino-atrial node.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Male; Pyrimidines; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum; Sinoatrial Node; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Tetrodotoxin; Thiourea | 2006 |
Bilirubin potentiates inhibitory synaptic transmission in lateral superior olive neurons of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Bilirubin; Chelating Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Female; GABA Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Olivary Nucleus; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Strychnine; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2006 |
Vesicular glutamate release from axons in white matter.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antigens; Axons; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Corpus Callosum; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Neuroglia; Nicotinic Antagonists; O Antigens; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Polyamines; Proteoglycans; Pyridinium Compounds; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Tetrodotoxin | 2007 |
Characterization of Na+-activated K+ currents in larval lamprey spinal cord neurons.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Catechols; Chelating Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Lampreys; Larva; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channels; Sodium; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin | 2007 |
Nonselective cation channels are essential for maintaining intracellular Ca2+ levels and spontaneous firing activity in the midbrain dopamine neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apamin; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Dopamine; Egtazic Acid; Imidazoles; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Nifedipine; Nimodipine; Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Substantia Nigra; Tetrodotoxin | 2007 |
An increase of late sodium current induces delayed afterdepolarizations and sustained triggered activity in atrial myocytes.
Topics: Acetanilides; Action Potentials; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Calcium; Cardiotonic Agents; Chelating Agents; Cnidarian Venoms; Egtazic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Heart Atria; Heart Conduction System; Myocytes, Cardiac; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperazines; Ranolazine; Ryanodine; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; Sodium; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Tachycardia, Supraventricular; Tetrodotoxin; Thiourea; Time Factors; Up-Regulation | 2008 |
Postsynaptic action of brain-derived neurotrophic factor attenuates alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated responses in hippocampal interneurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetylcholine; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Bungarotoxins; Chelating Agents; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Male; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Pyrimidines; Rats; Receptors, Nicotinic; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Triazoles; Valine | 2008 |
Illumination controls differentiation of dopamine neurons regulating behaviour.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cell Count; Cell Differentiation; Chelating Agents; Dopamine; Egtazic Acid; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Larva; Light; Lighting; Melanotrophs; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Photic Stimulation; Skin Pigmentation; Sodium Channel Blockers; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Tetrodotoxin; Xenopus laevis | 2008 |
Properties of a T-type Ca2+channel-activated slow afterhyperpolarization in thalamic paraventricular nucleus and other thalamic midline neurons.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Barium; Cadmium; Calcium; Calcium Channels, T-Type; Chelating Agents; Cyclic AMP; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Isoproterenol; Membrane Potentials; Midline Thalamic Nuclei; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Signal Transduction; Sodium Channel Blockers; Strontium; Tetrodotoxin | 2009 |
Otoferlin is critical for a highly sensitive and linear calcium-dependent exocytosis at vestibular hair cell ribbon synapses.
Topics: Acceleration; Action Potentials; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biophysics; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Exocytosis; Hair Cells, Vestibular; Linear Models; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Microscopy, Confocal; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Myosin VIIa; Myosins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Reaction Time; Receptors, AMPA; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Vestibular Nerve | 2009 |
Cardiac basal metabolism: energetic cost of calcium withdrawal in the adult rat heart.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Carrier Proteins; Chelating Agents; Clonazepam; Egtazic Acid; Energy Metabolism; GABA Modulators; Heart; Heart Rate; Homeostasis; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Ruthenium Compounds; Sodium; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Tetrodotoxin; Thermogenesis; Thiourea | 2010 |
Basal GABA regulates GABA(B)R conformation and release probability at single hippocampal synapses.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Baclofen; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Agents; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Microscopy, Confocal; Neurons; Nipecotic Acids; Organophosphorus Compounds; Potassium Chloride; Presynaptic Terminals; Probability; Protein Conformation; Pyridinium Compounds; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-B; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2010 |
Pregnenolone sulfate enhances spontaneous glutamate release by inducing presynaptic Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biophysics; Cadmium Chloride; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chelating Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Piperazines; Pregnenolone; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2010 |
Pacemaker neurons within newborn spinal pain circuits.
Topics: Action Potentials; Age Factors; Amino Acids; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chelating Agents; Chi-Square Distribution; Egtazic Acid; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Flufenamic Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; In Vitro Techniques; Lysine; Male; Nerve Net; Neural Pathways; Neurons; omega-Conotoxin GVIA; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periaqueductal Gray; Periodicity; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Spinal Cord; Statistics, Nonparametric; Tetraethylammonium; Tetrodotoxin; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2011 |
Role of P2X4 receptors in synaptic strengthening in mouse CA1 hippocampal neurons.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Purinergic P2X4; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2011 |
Epigenetics: DNA demethylation promotes skeletal myotube maturation.
Topics: Animals; Azacitidine; Calcium Signaling; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Chelating Agents; DNA Methylation; Egtazic Acid; Epigenesis, Genetic; Gene Expression Profiling; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Mice; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Development; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; Muscle, Skeletal; Nifedipine; Ryanodine; Sarcomeres; Tetrodotoxin | 2011 |
Cell-type-specific CCK2 receptor signaling underlies the cholecystokinin-mediated selective excitation of hippocampal parvalbumin-positive fast-spiking basket cells.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Benzodiazepines; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Cholecystokinin; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Estrenes; Guanosine Diphosphate; Hippocampus; Hormone Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Parvalbumins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Pyrrolidinones; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Cholecystokinin B; Signal Transduction; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Thionucleotides | 2011 |
Opposing synaptic regulation of amyloid-β metabolism by NMDA receptors in vivo.
Topics: Action Potentials; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain Waves; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egtazic Acid; Electroencephalography; Enzyme Inhibitors; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Extracellular Space; Flavones; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; N-Methylaspartate; Piperazines; Piperidines; Pregnanolone; Presenilin-1; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serotonin; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2011 |
Local Ca2+ detection and modulation of synaptic release by astrocytes.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Biophysics; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cell Communication; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gene Expression Regulation; Heparin; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Models, Biological; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sucrose; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Thapsigargin | 2011 |
Short-term synaptic plasticity regulates the level of olivocochlear inhibition to auditory hair cells.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biophysics; Chelating Agents; Cochlea; Cochlear Nerve; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Female; Glycine Agents; Hair Cells, Auditory; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neural Inhibition; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Peptides; Serotonin Antagonists; Sodium Channel Blockers; Strychnine; Synapses; Temperature; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Tropisetron | 2011 |
Effects of axonal topology on the somatic modulation of synaptic outputs.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Axons; Biophysics; Calcium; Computer Simulation; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Hippocampus; Male; Models, Neurological; Nerve Net; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin | 2012 |
Regulation of neuronal mRNA translation by CaM-kinase I phosphorylation of eIF4GII.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Bicuculline; Calcium Signaling; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 1; Cells, Cultured; Chelating Agents; Dendrites; Egtazic Acid; Embryo, Mammalian; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4G; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Hippocampus; Humans; Immunoprecipitation; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mutation; Neurons; Phosphorus Isotopes; Phosphorylation; Pyridazines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA Caps; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Small Interfering; Serine; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; Transfection | 2012 |
Corticotropin-releasing factor and urocortin regulate spine and synapse formation: structural basis for stress-induced neuronal remodeling and pathology.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cerebellum; Chelating Agents; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Dendritic Spines; Egtazic Acid; Fluorescent Dyes; Gene Expression Regulation; Membrane Potentials; Microscopy, Confocal; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Peptide Fragments; Peptide Hormones; Post-Synaptic Density; Purkinje Cells; Pyrimidines; Rats; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein; Sodium Channel Blockers; Stress, Psychological; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2013 |
Rapid homeostatic plasticity of intrinsic excitability in a central pattern generator network stabilizes functional neural network output.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brachyura; Chelating Agents; Cyclosporine; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Ganglia, Invertebrate; Homeostasis; Male; Motor Neurons; Nerve Net; Neuronal Plasticity; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; RNA, Messenger; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetraethylammonium; Tetrodotoxin | 2012 |
Characterization of basal and morphine-induced uridine release in the striatum: an in vivo microdialysis study in mice.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Western; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egtazic Acid; Mice; Microdialysis; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Neostriatum; Nucleotide Transport Proteins; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Uridine | 2013 |
Presynaptic α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors increase glutamate release and serotonin neuron excitability in the dorsal raphe nucleus.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Acetylcholine; Aconitine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Atropine; Bicuculline; Cadmium Chloride; Chelating Agents; Cholinergic Agonists; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Egtazic Acid; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Physostigmine; Presynaptic Terminals; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Nicotinic; Ryanodine; Serotonergic Neurons; Serotonin; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2012 |
Calcium-induced calcium release and gap junctions mediate large-scale calcium waves in olfactory ensheathing cells in situ.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Boron Compounds; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cytosol; Egtazic Acid; Gap Junctions; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; Mice; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Olfactory Bulb; Tetrodotoxin; Xanthenes | 2015 |
Hesperidin inhibits glutamate release and exerts neuroprotection against excitotoxicity induced by kainic acid in the hippocampus of rats.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hesperidin; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 2015 |
Tonic Local Brain Blood Flow Control by Astrocytes Independent of Phasic Neurovascular Coupling.
Topics: Animals; Arterioles; Astrocytes; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Chelating Agents; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Egtazic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Neurons; Neurovascular Coupling; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Physical Stimulation; Prostaglandins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Somatosensory Cortex; Tetrodotoxin; Vasoconstriction; Vibrissae | 2015 |
Regulation of developing myelin sheath elongation by oligodendrocyte calcium transients in vivo.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Axons; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats; Egtazic Acid; Luminescent Proteins; Mivacurium; Myelin Basic Protein; Myelin Sheath; Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents; Neurons; Oligodendroglia; Sodium Channel Blockers; SOXE Transcription Factors; Spinal Cord; Tetrodotoxin; Zebrafish; Zebrafish Proteins | 2018 |
Maladaptive cortical hyperactivity upon recovery from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Carbazoles; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cuprizone; Disease Models, Animal; Egtazic Acid; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Freund's Adjuvant; Hyperkinesis; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microglia; Myelin Proteolipid Protein; Peptide Fragments; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Quinoxalines; Recovery of Function; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2018 |
Suppression of Presynaptic Glutamate Release by Postsynaptic Metabotropic NMDA Receptor Signalling to Pannexin-1.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Chelating Agents; Connexins; Egtazic Acid; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Sodium Channel Blockers; src-Family Kinases; Synapses; Tetrodotoxin; TRPV Cation Channels | 2020 |