disulfiram and dihydroxyphenylalanine

disulfiram has been researched along with dihydroxyphenylalanine in 43 studies

Research

Studies (43)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	42 (97.67)	18.7374
1990's	1 (2.33)	18.2507
2000's	0 (0.00)	29.6817
2010's	0 (0.00)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80

Authors

Authors	Studies
Homma, M; Ishii, Y; Yoshikawa, A	1
Borisenko, SA	1
Glogner, P	1
Andersen, JV; Birket-Smith, E	1
Leppäluoto, J; Männistö, P; Ranta, T; Saarinen, A; Tuomisto, J	1
Lotti, VJ; Stone, CA; Torchiana, ML	1
Kashiwagi, M; Norton, TR; Shibata, S; Turlapaty, P	1
Kadzielawa, K; Widy-Tyszkiewicz, E	1
Gerardy, J	1
Dominguez, M; Longo, VG	1
Butcher, LL; Liebman, JM	1
Maj, J; Przegaliński, E	1
Maj, J; Przegaliński, E; Wielosz, M	1
Merlino, N; Moorhead, DT; Reis, DJ	1
Porter, CC; Torchiana, ML	1
Henning, M; Rubenson, A	1
Giardina, WJ; Myles, SB; Sabelli, HC; Vazquez, AJ	1
Grahame-Smith, DG; Green, AR	1
Fujii, T; Kato, J	1
Israelstam, DM	1
Presthus, J	1
Goldstein, M	1
Bruno, SJ; Landsberg, L	1
Blum, K; Calhoun, W; Merritt, J; Wallace, JE	1
Pearce, LA; Waterbury, LD; Wendel, OT	1
Calesnick, B; Irvin, JD; Mathews, GJ; Osterholm, JL	1
Duvoisin, RC; Marsden, CD	1
Ber, A; Singer, R	1
Gajda, L; Grabowska, M; Maj, J	1
Koe, BK; Weissman, A	1
Brown, RM; Lal, H	1
Talalaenko, AN	1
Feer, H; Wirz-Justice, A	1
Braham, J	1
Kadzielawa, K; Widy, E	1
Dorman, RM; Harner, RN	1
Bhargava, KP; Kar, K; Parmar, S	1
Peterson, DD; Seiden, LS	1
Weber, LJ	1
Bhagat, B; Dhalla, NS; Gray, L	1
Goldstein, M; Nakajima, K	1
Fieschi, L; Mora, S; Nasello, AG	1
Garibova, TL; Voronina, TA	1

Reviews

2 review(s) available for disulfiram and dihydroxyphenylalanine

Article	Year
[Other trials with drug therapy in parkinsonism]. Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke, 1973, Oct-10, Volume: 93, Issue:28 Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Amitriptyline; Animals; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Imipramine; Methyldopa; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Parkinson Disease; Picolinic Acids; Rats; Serine; Time Factors; Tryptophan; Tyrosine	1973
Brain research and violent behavior. A summary and evaluation of the status of biomedical research on brain and aggressive violent behavior. Archives of neurology, 1974, Volume: 30, Issue:1 Topics: Aggression; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidepressive Agents; Behavior, Animal; Bipolar Disorder; Brain; Brain Mapping; Brain Neoplasms; Brain Stem; Cerebral Cortex; Crime; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Hormones; Humans; Hypothalamus; Limbic System; Mesencephalon; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Neural Pathways; Optic Lobe, Nonmammalian; Sex Chromosome Aberrations; Social Behavior Disorders; Suicide; Tranquilizing Agents; Violence	1974

Article

Year

[Other trials with drug therapy in parkinsonism].

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke, 1973, Oct-10, Volume: 93, Issue:28

Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Amitriptyline; Animals; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Imipramine; Methyldopa; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Parkinson Disease; Picolinic Acids; Rats; Serine; Time Factors; Tryptophan; Tyrosine

1973

Brain research and violent behavior. A summary and evaluation of the status of biomedical research on brain and aggressive violent behavior.

Archives of neurology, 1974, Volume: 30, Issue:1

Topics: Aggression; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidepressive Agents; Behavior, Animal; Bipolar Disorder; Brain; Brain Mapping; Brain Neoplasms; Brain Stem; Cerebral Cortex; Crime; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Hormones; Humans; Hypothalamus; Limbic System; Mesencephalon; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Neural Pathways; Optic Lobe, Nonmammalian; Sex Chromosome Aberrations; Social Behavior Disorders; Suicide; Tranquilizing Agents; Violence

1974

Other Studies

41 other study(ies) available for disulfiram and dihydroxyphenylalanine

Article	Year
Effect of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase inhibitors on thermoregulation in reserpine-treated rats. Neuropharmacology, 1976, Volume: 15, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Body Temperature Regulation; Brain; Catecholamines; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Ditiocarb; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Picolinic Acids; Pimozide; Rats; Reserpine; Thiocarbamates	1976
Effects of drugs on blood-brain barrier permeability in rats chronically intoxicated by ethanol. Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita, 1990, Volume: 26, Issue:1 Topics: Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Ethanol; Pinocytosis; Psychotropic Drugs; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tryptophan; Tyrosine	1990
[Unfavorable and problematic drug combinations. IV]. Der Internist, 1970, Volume: 11, Issue:11 Topics: Amphetamine; Ataxia; Bone Marrow; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Depression, Chemical; Dicumarol; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Drug Antagonism; Ephedrine; Humans; Hypertension; Hypotension; Isoniazid; Mercaptopurine; Methamphetamine; Microsomes, Liver; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Norepinephrine; Phenethylamines; Phenytoin; Reserpine; Stimulation, Chemical; Thiazines; Thiopental; Tyramine	1970
Treatment of side-effects of levodopa. Lancet (London, England), 1973, Feb-24, Volume: 1, Issue:7800 Topics: Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Humans; Hyperkinesis; Hypertension; Parkinson Disease	1973
Neurotransmission and secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone. Lancet (London, England), 1973, Sep-01, Volume: 2, Issue:7827 Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Hypothalamus; Methyltyrosines; Phentolamine; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Reserpine; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Thyrotropin; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone	1973
The anticonvulsant effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors in mice--a noradrenergic mechanism of action. European journal of pharmacology, 1973, Volume: 21, Issue:3 Topics: Acetazolamide; Amino Acids; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; Carboxy-Lyases; Dichlorphenamide; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroshock; Female; Hydrazines; Methazolamide; Methyldopa; Mice; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Picolinic Acids; Reserpine	1973
A possible mechanism of action of a central stimulant substance isolated from the sea anemone Stoichactis kenti. European journal of pharmacology, 1973, Volume: 24, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aggression; Amino Acids; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chlorpromazine; Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatography, Paper; Cnidaria; Competitive Behavior; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Drug Interactions; Humans; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Methocarbamol; Methyltyrosines; Mice; Molecular Weight; Peptides; Phenobarbital; Reserpine; Sympathetic Nervous System; Tetrabenazine; Time Factors; Tissue Extracts	1973
The influence of various pharmacological agents on the desynchronization produced by DOPA in the cerveau isolé preparation. Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology, 1970, Volume: 28, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Cats; Chlorpromazine; Decerebrate State; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Electroencephalography; Heart Rate; Hydrazines; Imipramine; Phenoxybenzamine; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Reserpine	1970
[Influence of disulfiram on rat spontaneous motor activity]. Comptes rendus des seances de la Societe de biologie et de ses filiales, 1969, Apr-03, Volume: 162, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Brain; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Drug Synergism; Male; Motor Activity; Rats; Reserpine; Tranylcypromine	1969
Effects of p-chlorophenylalanine, -methylparatyrosine and of other indol-and catechol-amine depletors on the hyperirritability syndrome of septal rats. Physiology & behavior, 1970, Volume: 5, Issue:5 Topics: Aggression; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Fenclonine; Humans; Limbic System; Methyltyrosines; Phenylalanine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains	1970
Effects on self-stimulation behavior of drugs influencing dopaminergic neurotransmission mechanisms. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 1973, Volume: 277, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Behavior, Animal; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Dopamine; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes, Implanted; Male; Pimozide; Rats; Receptors, Drug; Reward; Self Stimulation; Synaptic Transmission	1973
Disulfiram and the effect of catecholamines on neuroleptic-induced catalepsy in mice and rats. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 1967, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain; Catalepsy; Chlorpromazine; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Drug Antagonism; Haloperidol; Humans; Mice; Nialamide; Norepinephrine; Rats; Reserpine	1967
Disulfiram and the drug-induced effects on motility. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 1968, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Cocaine; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Methyltyrosines; Motor Activity; Nialamide; Norepinephrine; Pargyline; Rats; Reserpine	1968
Dopa-induced excitement in the cat. Its relationship to brain norepinephrine concentrations. Archives of neurology, 1970, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Stem; Cats; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Hostility; Hydrazines; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Norepinephrine; Reserpine	1970
4,4,6-trimethyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2-thiol, an effective inhibitor of dopamine-beta-hydroxylation in vivo. Biochemical pharmacology, 1971, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Acetaldehyde; Amino Alcohols; Animals; Benzyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Brain Chemistry; Carbon Isotopes; Cattle; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Dopamine; Ethanol; Ethylamines; Female; Heart; Hydrazines; Iodine; Male; Metaraminol; Methyldopa; Methyltyrosines; Mice; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Myocardium; Norepinephrine; Normetanephrine; Propylthiouracil; Pyrimidines; Rats; Reserpine; Stereoisomerism; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Thyroid Gland; Tyramine	1971
Evidence for a centrally mediated hypotensive effect of L-dopa in the rat. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 1970, Volume: 22, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Central Nervous System; Depression, Chemical; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfides; Disulfiram; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; Hydrazines; Imidazoles; Male; Methyldopa; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains	1970
The effects of DOPA on the visual-evoked potentials in rabbit and on mouse motor behavior following inhibition of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase. Arzneimittel-Forschung, 1974, Volume: 24, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain; Depression, Chemical; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfides; Disulfiram; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethanolamines; Evoked Potentials; Imidazoles; Male; Mice; Motor Activity; Norepinephrine; Phenethylamines; Rabbits; Time Factors; Vision, Ocular	1974
The role of brain dopamine in the hyperactivity syndrome produced by increased 5-hydroxytryptamine synthesis in rats. Neuropharmacology, 1974, Volume: 13, Issue:10-11 Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Dopamine; Methyltyrosines; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Motor Activity; Rats; Serotonin; Stimulation, Chemical; Time Factors; Tranylcypromine; Tryptamines; Tryptophan	1974
Proceedings: Effects of L-DOPA, disulfiram and haloperidol on reappearance of cyclicity in androgen-sterilized rats (ASR). Japanese journal of pharmacology, 1974, Volume: 24, Issue:0 Topics: Androgens; Animals; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Estrus; Female; Haloperidol; Infertility, Female; Pregnancy; Rats	1974
From medical physicist to psychopharmacologist: a neo-renaissance interdisciplinary evolution of. Perspectives in biology and medicine, 1972,Spring, Volume: 15, Issue:3 Topics: Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Enzyme Induction; History, 20th Century; Humans; Lysergic Acid Diethylamide; Memory; Methylation; Psychopharmacology; Psychotic Disorders; Schizophrenia; Stress, Physiological; Tryptamines; United States; Wit and Humor as Topic	1972
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa), dopamine and norepinephrine storage in the rat heart after L-dopa--further evidence for norepinephrine release. Biochemical pharmacology, 1973, Feb-01, Volume: 22, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Dopamine; Female; Heart; Microsomes; Myocardium; Norepinephrine; Rats; Reserpine; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Subcellular Fractions; Tritium	1973
L-DOPA: effect on ethanol narcosis and brain biogenic amines in mice. Nature, 1973, Apr-06, Volume: 242, Issue:5397 Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Animals; Biogenic Amines; Brain Chemistry; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Dopamine; Drug Synergism; Ethanol; Humans; Mice; Norepinephrine	1973
Drug-induced alterations of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethanol (MHPE) in rat brain. Biochemical medicine, 1973, Volume: 8, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Stem; Catechols; Chromatography, Gas; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Ethanol; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Methods; Rats; Reserpine	1973
Chapter 29. Anti-norepinephrine therapy against traumatic hemorrhagic necrosis of the spinal cord: preliminary report. Clinical neurosurgery, 1973, Volume: 20 Topics: Animals; Bretylium Compounds; Cats; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disease Models, Animal; Disulfiram; Guanethidine; Hemorrhage; Hydroxydopamines; Methyldopa; Necrosis; Norepinephrine; Phenoxybenzamine; Reserpine; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries; Sympatholytics	1973
Reversal of reserpine-induced bradykinesia by alpha-methyldopa--new light on its modus operandi. Brain research, 1974, May-10, Volume: 71, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Carbidopa; Chlorpromazine; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disease Models, Animal; Disulfiram; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Methyldopa; Mice; Movement Disorders; Parkinson Disease; Phenoxybenzamine; Pimozide; Reserpine	1974
Mydriatic response to phenylalanine, tyrosine, dopa, and dopamine in Bufo viridis. Comparative and general pharmacology, 1970, Volume: 1, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anura; Bufonidae; Chelating Agents; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Dopamine; Drug Interactions; Edetic Acid; Eye; Female; Fentanyl; In Vitro Techniques; Iris; Male; Mydriatics; Phenylalanine; Time Factors; Tyrosine	1970
Effect of apomorphine on motility in rats. European journal of pharmacology, 1972, Volume: 17, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Behavior, Animal; Benzoates; Benzyl Compounds; Brain Chemistry; Catecholamines; Cocaine; Desipramine; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Drug Antagonism; Esters; Fluorine; Haloperidol; Hydrazines; Male; Motor Activity; Nialamide; Nortriptyline; Phenoxybenzamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reserpine; Serine; Spiro Compounds; Stimulation, Chemical; Thiocarbamates; Tranquilizing Agents; Tyrosine	1972
m-Fluorotyrosine convulsions and mortality: relationship to catecholamine and citrate metabolism. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1967, Volume: 155, Issue:1 Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Amphetamine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; Azoles; Brain; Chlordiazepoxide; Chlorpromazine; Citrates; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Drug Antagonism; Drug Synergism; Kidney; Lysergic Acid Diethylamide; Male; Methyldopa; Mice; Morphine; Nialamide; Norepinephrine; Pargyline; Phenobarbital; Phenytoin; Reserpine; Seizures; Serotonin; Strychnine; Tetrabenazine; Trimethadione; Tyrosine; Urea	1967
A possible relationship between catecholamines and acute toxicity of desipramine. Psychopharmacologia, 1968, Volume: 12, Issue:4 Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Catecholamines; Chlorpromazine; Desipramine; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Male; Methyldopa; Mice; Mortality; Phenylalanine; Reserpine	1968
[Analysis of adreno- and serotonin-sensitive structures of central links of the shaking and flexor reflexes in rabbits]. Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1971, Volume: 72, Issue:7 Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Ergot Alkaloids; Morphine; Parasympatholytics; Propranolol; Rabbits; Reaction Time; Reflex; Reserpine	1971
The effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan on the efflux of noradrenaline from brain slices. Experientia, 1971, Volume: 27, Issue:8 Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Aromatic Amino Acid Decarboxylase Inhibitors; Diencephalon; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Fluorescence; Histidine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mesencephalon; Methods; Norepinephrine; Rats; Serotonin; Tryptophan	1971
Adjuvants to L-dopa for Parkinsonism. British medical journal, 1970, May-30, Volume: 2, Issue:5708 Topics: Animals; Cats; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Drug Synergism; Humans; Isoniazid; Parkinson Disease	1970
The influence of imipramine on the central effects of dihydroxyphenylalanine. Neuropharmacology, 1970, Volume: 9, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain; Cats; Chlorpromazine; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Gallamine Triethiodide; Heart Rate; Imipramine; Phenoxybenzamine; Phentolamine; Propranolol; Pupil; Rabbits; Reserpine	1970
A role for dopamine in control of sleep and wakefulness. Transactions of the American Neurological Association, 1970, Volume: 95 Topics: Animals; Arousal; Blood Pressure; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Cats; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Dopamine; Electroencephalography; Eye Movements; Heart Rate; Sleep; Wakefulness	1970
Mechanism of action of dopamine and other precursors of noradrenaline on the guinea-pig isolated hypogastric nerve vas deferens preparation. European journal of pharmacology, 1968, Volume: 3, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Cocaine; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Dopamine; Guinea Pigs; Hypogastric Plexus; Male; Norepinephrine; Phenoxybenzamine; Reserpine; Tyramine; Tyrosine; Vas Deferens	1968
Blockade of L-dopa reversal of reserpine-induced conditioned avoidance response suppression by disulfiram. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1968, Volume: 163, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Brain Chemistry; Conditioning, Psychological; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Dopamine; Drug Antagonism; Male; Mice; Norepinephrine; Reserpine	1968
Drug interactions between disulfiram and alpha-methyldopa and related agents in reserpine-pretreated rats. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.), 1966, Volume: 123, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Carbamates; Catecholamines; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Dopamine; Methyldopa; Norepinephrine; Rats; Reserpine; Tyramine	1966
Restoration of the response of the isolated atria of guinea-pigs to tyramine and possible significance of beta-hydroxylation. Nature, 1966, May-21, Volume: 210, Issue:5038 Topics: Amines; Animals; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Dopamine; Guinea Pigs; Heart Atria; Heart Conduction System; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Methyldopa; Myocardium; Norepinephrine; Rats; Reserpine; Sinoatrial Node; Tritium; Tyramine	1966
The effects of disulfiram on the repletion of brain catecholamine stores. Life sciences, 1966, Volume: 5, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Brain; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Dopamine; Hydrazines; Male; Norepinephrine; Rats; Reserpine; Tranquilizing Agents	1966
TRH on rat conditioned avoidance behavior: interaction with brain catecholamines. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1980, Volume: 13, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Brain Chemistry; Catecholamines; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Methyltyrosines; Rats; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone	1980
[Role of GABA-ergic and dopaminergic mechanisms in the withdrawal syndrome after discontinuation of long-term phenazepam administration]. Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1980, Volume: 89, Issue:7 Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzodiazepinones; Brain; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male; Methyldopa; Rats; Semicarbazides; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Valproic Acid	1980