cytellin and taraxasterol

Substantial attention has been given to primary cancer prevention in daily life. Dietary factors are through to contribute to as much as one-third of the factors influencing the development of cancer. Ones of the components of a plant-based diet are beta-sitosterol and taraxasterol, compounds attracting our specific attention. This review summarizes the biological activities of presented phytosterols (anti-inflammatory, cholesterol-lowering, anti-microbial, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal effects). Our interest has been focussed especially on their anti-tumor and chemopreventive activity. They have been shown experimentally to inhibit colon and breast cancer development. They act at various stages of tumor development, including inhibition of tumorigenesis, inhibition of tumor promotion, and induction of cell differentiation. They effectively inhibit invasion of tumor cells and metastasis. With regard to toxicity, no obvious side effects of phytosterols have been observed in studies to date, with the exception of individuals with phytosterolemia. The exact mechanism by which dietary phytosterols act is not fully understood. However, some mechanisms have been offered. Therefore, they have a bright future in clinical application. Further investigation to explore their potential in tumor treatment may prove to be worthwhile.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anticarcinogenic Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Antioxidants; Breast Neoplasms; Colonic Neoplasms; Diet; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Humans; Phytosterols; Sitosterols; Sterols; Triterpenes

Luehea species are found in almost all Central and South American countries. The present work describes the phytochemical study, isolation, and structural characterisation of friedelin, β-friedelinol, lupeol, pseudotaraxasterol, β-sitosterol, betulinic acid, taraxasterol, (-)-epicatechin, β-sitosterol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, and (+)-epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin from stem barks of Luehea ochrophylla Mart. The structural identification of the isolated compounds was mainly performed by NMR analyses and comparison with the data from literature. These compounds were isolated for the first time in the genus Luehea, except β-sitosterol glucopyranoside, (-)-epicatechin, and lupeol. Hexane extract (HE) and dichloromethane (DF) and ethyl acetate (AF) fractions exhibited antiparasitic activity against amastigote (intracellular) and trypomastigote culture forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. The ethanol extract (EE), DF, and ethanol fraction (EF) exhibited considerable antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Moreover, extracts and fractions exhibited significant percentage of capture free radicals of 2,2-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) when compared to the standard of ascorbic acid.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Antioxidants; Antiparasitic Agents; Betulinic Acid; Chlorocebus aethiops; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Glucosides; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Malvaceae; Pentacyclic Triterpenes; Plant Bark; Plant Extracts; Sitosterols; Sterols; Triterpenes; Vero Cells

To study the chemical constituents from the rhizome of Rabdosia flavida.. The compounds were isolated and purified by various chromatographic methods, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data and physicochemical properties.. Ten compounds were obtained from ethyl acetate fraction of the 70% acetone extract of Rabdosia flavida rhizome and identified as ferruginol (1), dehydrocostuslactone (2), taraxasterol (3), oleic acid (4), ursolic cid (5), coniferyl aldehyde (6), oleanolic acid (7), 6,12, 15-trihydroxy-5, 8,11, 13-abietetra-7-one (8), 5α, 8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (9), and daucosterol (10).. All the compounds are isolated from Rabdosia flavida for the first time.

Topics: Isodon; Oleanolic Acid; Rhizome; Sitosterols; Sterols; Triterpenes

To study the chemical constituents of Cirsium pendulum Fisch. ex DC. Thirteen compounds were obtained from ethanol extract of Cirsium pendulum Fisch. ex DC. These compounds were characterized by spectroscopic analysis and comparison with published data to be beta-sitosterol(1), alpha-spinastenorl(2), taraxasterol(3), triacontanol(4), chlorophylla(5), lutein(6), linarin(7), 3-sitosterol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8), 3', 4'-dihydroxy phenylethanol glucoside(9),3-(4'-methoxy-3',5'-dihydroxyphenyl)-allyl alcohol glucoside (10), uracil (11), methyl chlorogenate (12), chlorogenic (13). All of them were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Topics: Cirsium; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Glucosides; Glycosides; Sitosterols; Sterols; Triterpenes

To separate and identify the chemical constituents of the whole plant.. The compounds were extracted with solvents, isolated by column chromatography and identified by spectroscopic methods, such as IR, MS and 1H NMR.. Five compounds were identified as hentriantane I, taraxasteryl acetate II, taraxasterol III, beta-sitosterol IV, and stigmasterol V.. The compounds III and V were obtained from the plant for the first time.

Topics: Asteraceae; Plants, Medicinal; Sitosterols; Sterols; Stigmasterol; Triterpenes

The paper deals with the isolation of constituents from light petrol and methanol extracts of the leaves of Holodiscus discolor (PURSH) MAXIM., Rosaceae. beta-sitosterol and taraxasterol were isolated from the light petrol extract, luteolin-7-O-glucoside was isolated from the methanol extract. The isolated compounds were identified by spectroscopic means and by comparison with authentic samples.

Topics: Flavonoids; Glucosides; Luteolin; Plant Leaves; Plants, Medicinal; Rosaceae; Sitosterols; Sterols; Triterpenes