cytellin and n-hexane

A comparative study on the phytochemical composition of the n-hexane and chloroform extracts from Wisteria sinensis leaves collected in June and October is described. Continuous extraction in Soxhlet apparatus, as well as ultrasound-assisted technique, was used for the preparation of the extracts. All the extracts were analysed by GC/MS method. As a result, α-tocopherol was identified as the main component (56%) of the extracts from October leaves, whereas, β-sitosterol was identified as the main compound (47%) in the extracts from the June leaves. Additionally, pure α-tocopherol was isolated from n-hexane extract of the October leaves using column chromatography. A total of 6.25 mg of α-tocopherol was isolated from 1 g of dried leaves. The presence of the vitamin E in extracts from W. sinensis leaves is described here for the first time.

Topics: alpha-Tocopherol; Chloroform; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hexanes; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Seasons; Sitosterols; Solvents; Vitamin E; Wisteria

Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. This illness is found mainly in 21 Latin American countries and an estimated 8 million people are infected worldwide. The unsatisfactory chemotherapy provokes severe toxicity and resistant strains. Medicinal plants constitute a promising source of new drugs and remedies against all kinds of disorders, mainly infectious diseases arousing interest worldwide.. The aim of this study is the isolation, structural identification and evaluation of the trypanocidal activity of samples present in the Excoecaria lucida Sw. leaves.. Total extract (TE) of E. lucida Sw. leaves was obtained by ethanol extract therefore fractionated sequentially with hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol, to obtain three phases: Hex, EA and But, respectively. Ellagic acid (EL1) was purified from both EA and But phases, while EL2; a 1:1 stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside plus sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside mixture was obtained from the Hex phase. Activity assays were performed using bloodstream and intracellular forms of T. cruzi and cytotoxicity assays using L929 fibroblasts.. The EL1 and EL2 samples were more active against bloodstream trypomastigote forms with EC50 of 53.0±3.6 and 58.2±29.0 µg/mL, respectively; at 100 µg/mL. These samples also showed 70% of inhibition of L929 cells infection. Toxicity assays demonstrated that after 96 h of treatment only the fractions Hex and EA presented detectable cytotoxicity.. Ellagic acid, stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and sitosterol-3-O-β-Dglucopyranoside are reported for the first time in E. lucida Sw. leaves as well as their biological activity studies supporting further investigations for Chagas disease treatment.

Topics: 1-Butanol; Acetates; Animals; Ellagic Acid; Euphorbiaceae; Fibroblasts; Glucosides; Hexanes; Mice; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Sitosterols; Stigmasterol; Trypanocidal Agents; Trypanosoma cruzi

Phytochemical investigation of n-hexane extract of Salvia sahendica by normal phase column chromatography resulted in the isolation of six compounds. Structures were established by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and HRMS, as a new norditerpene 1, and known terpenoids, sclareol (2), oleanolic acid (3), β-sitosterol (4), salvigenin (5) and 3α-hydroxy-11α,12α-epoxyoleanan-28,13β-olide (6). The absolute configuration of 1 was confirmed by a combination of X-ray single crystal analysis and electronic circular dichroism spectroscopy. In vitro cytotoxic activity on breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) and also the antimicrobial activity of the pure compounds were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacilus cereus and Escherichia coli.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Crystallography, X-Ray; Diterpenes; Female; Flavones; Hexanes; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Structure; Oleanolic Acid; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Salvia; Sitosterols; Staphylococcus aureus

A three-phase solvent system was efficiently applied for high-speed counter-current chromatography to separate secondary metabolites with a wide range of hydrophobicity in Dicranostigma leptopodum. The three-phase solvent system of n-hexane/methyl tert-butyl ether/acetonitrile/0.5% triethylamine (2:2:3:2, v/v/v/v) was selected for high-speed counter-current chromatography separation. The separation was initiated by filling the column with a mixture of intermediate phase and lower phase as a stationary phase followed by elution with upper phase to separate the hydrophobic compounds. Then the mobile phase was switched to the intermediate phase to elute the moderately hydrophobic compounds, and finally the polar compounds still retained in the column were fractionated by eluting the column with the lower phase. In this research, 12 peaks were eluted out in one-step operation within 110 min, among them, eight compounds with acceptable purity were obtained and identified. The purities of β-sitosterol, protopine, allocryptopine, isocorydione, isocorydine, coptisine, berberrubine, and berberine were 94.7, 96.5, 97.9, 86.6, 98.9, 97.6, 95.7, and 92.8%, respectively.

Topics: Acetonitriles; Berberine; Chromatography; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Countercurrent Distribution; Ethylamines; Hexanes; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Methyl Ethers; Papaveraceae; Plant Extracts; Sitosterols; Solvents

Scorzonera latifolia (Asteraceae) is a plant widely distributed in Central and East Anatolia. A mastic, named yaki sakizi, is prepared from the latex and roots of S. latifolia and similar species. This latex is used in Turkish folk medicine for its analgesic activity, as anthelmintic and against infertility. The aim of this study was to isolate the compounds responsible for the antinociceptive activity of S. latifolia using bioassay-guided fractionation. The methanolic extract of the S. latifolia roots was prepared and subjected to chromatographic purification. Isolated active compounds were identified by means of MS and NMR techniques. Writhing and tail-flick tests were used to determine antinociceptive activity. Motiol and beta-sitosterol were isolated as compounds with promising antinociceptive activity. It is suggested that antinociceptive activity of the plant extract is probably caused by the synergic interaction of the isolated compounds.

Topics: Acetic Acid; Analgesics; Animals; Hexanes; Hot Temperature; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Pain Measurement; Plant Extracts; Plant Roots; Reaction Time; Scorzonera; Sitosterols; Solvents; Triterpenes

The chemical constituents of a lipophilic extract from quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.), obtained by supercritical fluid CO(2) extraction of the dried fruit pomace were investigated. Solvent partition of quince wax with n-hexane or acetone yielded an insoluble (crystalline) and a soluble (oily) fraction. Both fractions were analyzed separately using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The insoluble fraction consisted of saturated n-aldehydes, n-alcohols and free n-alkanoic acids of carbon chain lengths between 22 and 32, with carbon chain lengths of 26 and 28 dominating. Also odd-numbered unbranched hydrocarbons, mainly C27, C29 and C31, were detected particularly in the acetone-insoluble fraction (total, 15.8%). By means of vacuum liquid chromatography, triterpenoic acids were separated from the hexane-insoluble matter and identified as a mixture of ursolic, oleanolic and betulinic acids. The major constituents of the hexane-soluble fraction were glycerides of linoleic [Δ(9,12), 18:2] and oleic [Δ(9), 18:1] acids, accompanied by free linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids (C16). Moreover β-sitosterol, Δ(5)-avenasterol as well as trace amounts of other sterols were assigned. Finally the carotenoids phytoene and phytofluene were identified and quantified by UV/vis and high-performance liquid chromatography/MS techniques, yielding 1.0 and 0.3% of the quince wax, respectively. It is anticipated that the complex of lipid constituents from quince wax may exert interesting biological activities, the elucidation of which awaits further studies.

Topics: Acetone; Alcohols; Alkanes; Carotenoids; Chemical Fractionation; Fatty Acids; Fruit; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hexanes; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Plant Extracts; Rosaceae; Sitosterols; Triterpenes; Waxes