cytellin and ethyl-acetate

Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. This illness is found mainly in 21 Latin American countries and an estimated 8 million people are infected worldwide. The unsatisfactory chemotherapy provokes severe toxicity and resistant strains. Medicinal plants constitute a promising source of new drugs and remedies against all kinds of disorders, mainly infectious diseases arousing interest worldwide.. The aim of this study is the isolation, structural identification and evaluation of the trypanocidal activity of samples present in the Excoecaria lucida Sw. leaves.. Total extract (TE) of E. lucida Sw. leaves was obtained by ethanol extract therefore fractionated sequentially with hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol, to obtain three phases: Hex, EA and But, respectively. Ellagic acid (EL1) was purified from both EA and But phases, while EL2; a 1:1 stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside plus sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside mixture was obtained from the Hex phase. Activity assays were performed using bloodstream and intracellular forms of T. cruzi and cytotoxicity assays using L929 fibroblasts.. The EL1 and EL2 samples were more active against bloodstream trypomastigote forms with EC50 of 53.0±3.6 and 58.2±29.0 µg/mL, respectively; at 100 µg/mL. These samples also showed 70% of inhibition of L929 cells infection. Toxicity assays demonstrated that after 96 h of treatment only the fractions Hex and EA presented detectable cytotoxicity.. Ellagic acid, stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and sitosterol-3-O-β-Dglucopyranoside are reported for the first time in E. lucida Sw. leaves as well as their biological activity studies supporting further investigations for Chagas disease treatment.

Topics: 1-Butanol; Acetates; Animals; Ellagic Acid; Euphorbiaceae; Fibroblasts; Glucosides; Hexanes; Mice; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Sitosterols; Stigmasterol; Trypanocidal Agents; Trypanosoma cruzi

Increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance has led research to focus on discovering new antimicrobial agents derived from the marine biome. Although ample studies have investigated sponges for their bioactive metabolites with promising prospects in drug discovery, the potentiating effects of sponge extracts on antibiotics still remains to be expounded. The present study aimed to investigate the antibacterial capacity of seven tropical sponges collected from Mauritian waters and their modulatory effect in association with three conventional antibiotics namely chloramphenicol, ampicillin and tetracycline. Disc diffusion assay was used to determine the inhibition zone diameter (IZD) of the sponge total crude extracts (CE), hexane (HF), ethyl acetate (EAF) and aqueous (AF) fractions against nine standard bacterial isolates whereas broth microdilution method was used to determine their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) and antibiotic potentiating activity of the most active sponge extract. MIC values of the sponge extracts ranged from 0.039 to 1.25mg/mL. Extracts from Neopetrosia exigua rich in beta-sitosterol and cholesterol displayed the widest activity spectrum against the 9 tested bacterial isolates whilst the best antibacterial profile was observed by its EAF particularly against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus with MIC and MBC values of 0.039mg/mL and 0.078mg/mL, respectively. The greatest antibiotic potentiating effect was obtained with the EAF of N. exigua (MIC/2) and ampicillin combination against S. aureus. These findings suggest that the antibacterial properties of the tested marine sponge extracts may provide an alternative and complementary strategy to manage bacterial infections.

Topics: Acetates; Ampicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aquatic Organisms; Biological Products; Chloramphenicol; Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; Drug Agonism; Drug Discovery; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Indian Ocean; Mauritius; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Porifera; Sitosterols; Solvents; Tetracycline

To study the chemical consituents of Hypericum ascyron.. The constituents were isolated and purified by chromatography on silica gel; the structure of the compound was determined by MS and NMR spectral analysis.. On the basis of spectroscopic analysis and comparison with the reported data, they were identified as hyperoside( 1),hypercalin B( 2),hypercalin C( 3),1,7-dihydroxyxanthone( 4),2,3-dimethoxyxanthone( 5),1-hydroxy-7-methoxyxanthone( 6),rutin( 7),kaempferol( 8),toxyloxanthone B( 9),quercetin( 10),quercitrin( 11),β-daucosterol( 12) and β-sitosterol( 13).. Compounds 2,3,6 and 9 are obtained from this plant for the first time.

Topics: Acetates; Hypericum; Kaempferols; Quercetin; Rutin; Sitosterols

To isolate the chemical constituents of ethyl acetate extract from Viola biflora.. Isolation and purification were carried out on repeated silica gel column chromatography,PTLC,and Sephadex LH-20. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by physico-chemical properties and spectral analyses.. Twelve compounds were isolated from Viola biflora,which identified as aurantiamide acetate( 1),solalyratin B( 2),esculetin( 3),scopoletin( 4),lupeol( 5),132S-hydroxypheophytin a( 6),vomifoliol( 7),dibutyl phthalate( 8),(-)-dihydrovomifoliol( 9),grasshopper ketone( 10),crassifol( 11) and β-sitosterol( 12).. All the compounds are isolated from Viola biflora for the first time. Compounds 2,7,9 ~ 11 are isolated from Viola genus for the first time.

Topics: Acetates; Plant Extracts; Scopoletin; Sitosterols; Viola

To study the chemical constituents of Suaeda glauca.. The chemical constituents were isolated and purified with several separation and purification techniques. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and various spectroscopic methods.. Ten compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction as lignoceric acid (1), β-amyrin-n-nonyl ether(2), β-sitosterol(3), β-daucosterol(4), quercetin(5), luteolin(6), luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside(7), isorhamnetin(8), scopoletin (9) and stigmasterol(10).. Compounds 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 are isolated from Suaeda genus for the first time and compounds 3 - 5 are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Topics: Acetates; Chenopodiaceae; Glucosides; Luteolin; Oleanolic Acid; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Quercetin; Sitosterols; Stigmasterol

To study the chemical constituents of the aerial part of Stauntonia obovatifoliola.. The chemical constituents of ethyl acetate fraction were isolated and purified by several chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by their physiochemical properties and spectral methods.. Six known compounds were isolated and identified as lupeone(1), lupeol(2), stigmasterol(3),3beta-O-acetyloleanolic acid(4), resinone(5) and daucosterol(6).. Compounds 1-6 are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Topics: Acetates; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Molecular Structure; Pentacyclic Triterpenes; Plant Components, Aerial; Rosaceae; Sitosterols; Stigmasterol; Triterpenes

To study the chemical constituents of Dryopteris fragrans.. The constituents of CHCl3-soluble portion and ethyl acetate-soluble portion from the alcohol extract were isolated and purified by means of chromatography. All the compounds were identified by their physical characteristics and spectral features.. Five compounds were isolated and identified as beta-sitosterol (I), rutin (II), quercetin (III), quercetin-3-O-beta-D-pyranglucoside (IV) and 5,7-dihydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl chromone (V).. Compounds II - V are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Topics: Acetates; Dryopteris; Ethanol; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Structure; Plants, Medicinal; Quercetin; Rutin; Sitosterols

To study the chemical constituents of Reineckea carnea.. The compounds were isolated by extraction, silica gel and reversed phase silica gel column chromatography. The structures were identified by various spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D-NMR spectrum, MS, IR, etc.. Six compounds were isolated and identified as beta-sitosterol (1), isorhodeasapogenin (2), isorhodeasapogenin (3), (25S)-1beta,3beta,4beta-trihydroxyspirotan-5beta-yl-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), kitigenin-5-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5) and nicotianoside B (6).. Compounds 4, 6 are obtained from this plant for the first time.

Topics: Acetates; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Glucosides; Liliaceae; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Plants, Medicinal; Rhizome; Saponins; Sitosterols; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Steroids

To study the chemical constituents of ethyl acetate extract from the roots of Actinidia chrysantha.. Chromatographic methods were used to isolate the compounds from ethyl acetate extract from the roots of Actinidia chrysantha and chemical and spectral methods were used to elucidate the structures of the isolated compounds.. Five compounds were identified as stigmast-3, 6-dione (I), beta-sitosterol (II), ursolicacid (III), beta-daucosterol (IV), 2alpha, 3beta, 23-triol-12-en-28-ursolic acid (V).. Those compounds are obtained from the plant for the first time.

Topics: Acetates; Actinidia; Cholestenones; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Structure; Plant Roots; Plants, Medicinal; Sitosterols

To study the ethyl acetate soluble constituents from the water extractive of Huanglian Jiedutang decoction, which are composed of Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Scutellariae, Cortex Phellodendri and Fructus Gardeniae, and provide substances foundation for its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic investigation.. The chemical constituents were isolated by various column chromatographic methods and structurally elucidated by NMR and MS techniques.. Thirty-five compounds were isolated, among which twenty compounds have been identified as beta-sitosterol (1), oroxylin A (2), wogonin (3), ursolic acid (4), skullcapflavone I (5), tenaxin I (6), skullcapflavone II (7), limonin (8), 5, 2'-dihydroxy-6, 7, 8, 3'-tetramethoxyflavone (9), chrysin (12), baicalein (17), tenaxin II (19), 5, 7, 2'-trihydroxy-6, 8-dimethoxyflavone (21), shihulimonin A (22), 6, 2'-dihydroxy-5, 7, 8, 6'-tetramethoxyflavone (26), viscidulin II (28), 5, 7, 4'-trihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone (29), 5, 7, 2', 6'-tetrahydroxyflavone (30), wogonin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronide methyl ester (31) and daucosterol (34).. On the basis of reported results of the chemical constituents of Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Scutellariae, Cortex Phellodendri and Fructus Gardeniae, it was estimated that all flavonoid compounds rised from the Radix Scutellariae, and compounds 8 and 22 rised from Cortex Phellodendri. Compound 22 was identified in the Cortex Phellodendri for the first time.

Topics: Acetates; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Flavones; Flavonoids; Limonins; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Sitosterols; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Triterpenes; Ursolic Acid

Aim of this study is to identify and characterize the bioactive principles from the root bark of Calotropis gigantea. It has wide folk medicinal use. For isolation of the compounds, the dried root bark's powder of Calotropis gigantea were subjected to hot extraction and then the crude methanol (MeOH) extract was fractionated with petroleum ether, chloroform and ethyl acetate. Two compounds were isolated and purified from petroleum ether fraction of crude methanol extract and the structures were determined as stigmasterol and beta-sitosterol by analysis of physical, chemical and spectral characteristics (1D NMR and mass spectrometry).

Topics: Acetates; Alcohols; Alkanes; Calotropis; Chloroform; Hot Temperature; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mass Spectrometry; Methanol; Models, Chemical; Plant Roots; Sitosterols; Spectrophotometry; Stigmasterol

7 compounds were isolated from the ethyl-acetate extract of Vaccinium iteophyllum Hance by using repeated silical gel column chromatography. These 7 compounds were identified by means of physico-chemical propertic and spectroscopic analysis as beta-sitosterol (I), ursolic acid (II), taraxerol (III), taraxerone (IV), friedelin (V), friedelinol (VI), 19,24-dihydroxyurs-12-en-3-one-28-oic acid (VII). The chemical constituents from this plant were reported here for the first time.

Topics: Acetates; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Oleanolic Acid; Plant Leaves; Plant Stems; Plants, Medicinal; Sitosterols; Triterpenes; Vaccinium

To study the chemical constituents of the ethyl acetate portion in the herb of Nervilia fordii from guangxi.. The constituents were separated and purified by using column chromatography with silica gel. These compounds were identified by their physical and spectral data.. Five compounds were isolated and identified as norleucine (crystal I), 24 (S/beta)-dihydrocycloeucalenol-(E)-p-hydroxy cinnamate (crystal II) , rhamnocitrin (crystal III), rhamnazin (crystal IV), daucosterol (crystal V).. Compounds I , II, III, IV, V were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Topics: Acetates; Flavonoids; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Structure; Norleucine; Orchidaceae; Plants, Medicinal; Sitosterols

From Valeriana officinalis L., 4 compounds were isolated and identified by various spectral analysis and chemical conversion, as valerenic acid, beta-sitosterol, ursolic acid, 4, 4', 8, 8'-tetrahydroxy-3, 3'-dimethoxyl-dibenzyl-ditetrahydrofuran and caryophyllene acide,valerane, naphthalene, linoleic acid, ethyl ester, myrtenyl acetate were identified by GC-MS. Ursolic acid and 4, 4', 8, 8'-tetrahydroxy-3, 3'-dimethoxyl-dibenzyl-ditetrahydrofuran were discovered in this plant for the first time.

Topics: Acetates; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Indenes; Linoleic Acid; Naphthalenes; Plant Roots; Plants, Medicinal; Rhizome; Sesquiterpenes; Sitosterols; Triterpenes; Ursolic Acid; Valerian