cyanidin-3-o-beta-glucopyranoside and peonidin

1. Anthocyanins are a subgroup of flavonoids responsible for the blue, purple and red color of many fruits, flowers and leaves. Consumption of foods rich in anthocyanins is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Most food intervention studies employ once or twice per day dose schedules. 2. The current study demonstrated that plasma concentrations of cyanidin-3-galactoside and cyanidin-3-xyloside, the two major components of saskatoon berries, were significantly increased following three consecutive saskatoon berry supplements 4 hours apart. This accumulation is due to the residual concentrations of anthocyanins at the time of second and third supplements. 3. Accumulation was especially pronounced for peonidin-3-glucoside and peonidin-3-galactoside, the methylated metabolites of cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-galactoside, respectively. Little or no accumulation was observed for cyanidin-3-arabinoside and cyanidin-3-glucoside, two other components of saskatoon berries, possibly due to their short half-lives. 4. Thus, taking anthocyanin supplements with every meal would provide higher plasma concentrations for some anthocyanins and their metabolites than the once or twice-a-day dose regimens.

Topics: Anthocyanins; Dietary Supplements; Galactosides; Glucosides; Humans; Plasma; Rosaceae

Purple sweet potato was fermented into alcoholic beverage. By using LC-MS analysis, 12 types of anthocyanins were found in the purple sweet potato alcoholic beverage (PSPFAB); these were based on cyanidin and peonidin as aglycones. The anthocyanins in young PSPFAB mainly consisted of acylates. The acylated anthocyanins, however, degraded gradually with aging. Cyanidin 3-sophoroside-5-glucoside and peonidin 3-sophoroside-5-glucoside were found to be major anthocyanins in the PSPFAB after two years of aging. Moreover, 52 kinds of volatile components were detected in PSPFAB by GC-MS analysis. Alcohol and ester substances constituted a major proportion of these volatile components of PSPFAB. After two years of aging, levels of high-alcohols such as 1-pentanol remarkably decreased to below the detection limit, while the level of total esters increased significantly. Such variation of aromas enriched and improved the flavor of PSPFAB.

Topics: Alcoholic Beverages; Anthocyanins; Chromatography, Liquid; Fermentation; Food Analysis; Food Handling; Glucosides; Ipomoea batatas; Mass Spectrometry; Plant Extracts; Volatile Organic Compounds