curcumin and trimethyltin

Aromatic turmerone, a major constituent of turmeric oil, has been recently reported for proliferation of neural stem cell showing great potential for effective treatment in neurodegenerative disorders. However, its effect as oral brain targeted formulation for neuroprotection has not yet reported. The objective of the study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic of curcumin loaded turmeric oil microemulsion for brain targeting and probing the protective effect against trimethyltin induced neurodegeneration in adult zebrafish.. Initially, in vivo plasma and brain pharmacokinetics was performed to determine improvement in relative bioavailability in rats followed by biodistribution and histopathological evaluation. Furthermore, the neuroprotective effect of the formulation was assessed in trimethyltin induced neurodegeneration model using adult zebrafish by behavioral analysis and biochemical analysis.. The in vivo plasma and brain pharmacokinetics showed 2-fold and 1.87-fold improvement respectively. Biodistribution study revealed significantly lower concentration in organs other than brain. Furthermore, curcumin microemulsion exhibited improved spatial memory by remembering the training and made correct choices after curcumin microemulsion treatment than other treatment groups. Histopathological evaluation confirmed neuroprotective effect on zebrafish brains. The biochemical analysis revealed reduced oxidative stress in curcumin microemulsion treated group.. Overall results showed a great potential of curcumin microemulsion for brain targeting in the effective treatment of neurological ailments.

Topics: Animals; Brain; Curcuma; Curcumin; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Tissue Distribution; Zebrafish

Protection of neurons from degeneration is an important preventive strategy for dementia. Much of the dementia pathology implicates oxidative stress pathways. Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) contains curcuminoids which has anti-oxidative and neuro-protective effects. These effects are considered to be similar to those of citicoline which has been regularly used as one of standard medications for dementia.. This study aimed at investigating the effects of turmeric rhizome extract on the hippocampus of trimethyltin (TMT)-treated Sprague-Dawley rats.. The rats were divided randomly into six groups, i.e., a normal control group (N); Sn group, which was given TMT chloride; Sn-Cit group, which was treated with citicoline and TMT chloride; and three Sn-TE groups, which were treated with three different dosages of turmeric rhizome extract and TMT chloride. Morris water maze test was carried out to examine the spatial memory. The estimated total number of CA1 and CA2-CA3 pyramidal cells was calculated using a stereological method.. The administration of turmeric extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg bw has been shown to prevent the deficits in the spatial memory performance and partially inhibit the reduction of the number of CA2-CA3 regions pyramidal neurons.. TMT-induced neurotoxic damage seemed to be mediated by the generation of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species. Turmeric extract might act as anti inflammatory as well as anti-oxidant agent.. The effects of turmeric extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg bw seem to be comparable to those of citicoline.

Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Curcuma; Cytidine Diphosphate Choline; Disease Models, Animal; Hippocampus; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Nootropic Agents; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Pyramidal Cells; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Nitrogen Species; Reactive Oxygen Species; Rhizome; Spatial Memory; Time Factors; Trimethyltin Compounds

The aim of the present study was to reveal the possible antiapoptotic effect of turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) on the hippocampal neurons of rats exposed to trimethyltin (TMT).. Oxidative damage in the hippocampus can induce the apoptosis of neurons associated with the pathogenesis of dementiaMETHODS. The ethanolic turmeric extract and a citicoline (as positive control) solution were administered to the TMT-exposed rats for 28 days. The body weights of rats were recorded once a week. The hippocampal weights and imumunohistochemical expression of caspase 3 proteins in the CA1 and CA2-CA3 regions of the hippocampi were examined at the end of the experiment.. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the injection of TMT increased the expression of caspase 3 in the CA1 and CA2-CA3 regions of hippocampus. TMT also decreased the body and hippocampal weights. Furthermore, the administration of 200 mg/kg bw dose of turmeric extract decreased the caspase 3 expression in the CA2-CA3 pyramidal neurons but not in the CA1 neurons. It also prevented the decrease of the body and hippocampal weights.. We suggest that the 200 mg/kg bw dose of turmeric extract may exert antiapoptotic effect on the hippocampal neurons of the TMT-exposed rats (Tab. 1, Fig. 3, Ref. 49).

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Body Weight; Caspase 3; Curcuma; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Neurons; Organ Size; Plant Extracts; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Trimethyltin Compounds