curcumin and caryophyllene

A challenging and promising new branch of aging-related research fields is the identification of natural compounds able to modulate the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which characterizes senescent cells and can contribute to fuel the inflammaging. We investigated both the anti-SASP and anti-inflammatory activities of a nutritional supplement, namely Fenoxidol™, composed of turmeric extract bioCurcumin (bCUR), Polydatin (the natural glycosylated precursor of Resveratrol-RSV), and liposomal β-caryophyllene (BCP), in two human cellular models, such as the primary endothelial cell line, HUVECs and the monocytic cell line, THP-1. Replicative and Doxorubicin-induced senescent HUVECs, both chosen as cellular models of SASP, and lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated THP-1, selected as a model of the inflammatory response, were treated with the three single natural compounds or with a combination of them (MIX). In both senescent HUVEC models, MIX treatment significantly reduced IL-1β and IL-6 expression levels and p16

Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Curcumin; Humans; MicroRNAs; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Resveratrol

Due to the diversity of the ingredients, the complexity of the mechanism of action, the uncertainty of the effective ingredients, coupled with the multiple species and multiple growing areas, the quality control (QC) of Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) is challenging. Discovering and identifying effective compounds from the complex extracts of TCMs and then establishing a scientific QC method is the key to the holistic QC of TCMs.. To develop an anti-lung-cancer-guided spectrum-effect relationship approach for the discovery of QC markers of the rhizome of Curcuma wenyujin (WEZ) and establish a bioactive compounds-based holistic QC method.. The chemical profiling of the volatile oil (WVO) from 42 batches of WEZ collected from different growing areas was performed by GC-MS. The anti-lung cancer activity of different WVO samples was determined by CCK-8 assay against human lung cancer cells (A549). The apoptosis and cell cycle analysis under different concentrations of WVO were detected by flow cytometry. SIMCA-P software was used to perform multivariate statistical analysis on the chemical composition of different WVO samples and to find the different components. Active compounds were screened using a PLSR model of the spectrum-effect relationship. Bioactive compounds-based fingerprint and quantification of the leading bioactive compounds were developed by GC-MS and GC-FID, respectively.. Based on an anti-lung-cancer-guided spectrum-effect relationship approach, the bioactive compounds-based holistic QC method was successfully developed for WEZ, which could provide a valuable reference for the QC of TCMs.

Topics: A549 Cells; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Apoptosis; Biomarkers; Curcuma; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Oils, Volatile; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Quality Control; Rhizome; Sesquiterpenes

Curcumin (CUR) and β-caryophellene (BCP) are well known bioactive phytomolecules which are known to reduce oxidative stress in living organisms. Therefore, the present study was envisaged to explore the possible effects of CUR and BCP in suppression of cadmium quantum dots (CdTe QDs) induced toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. CdTe QD are luminescent nanoparticles extensively exploited for in vivo imaging, but long term bioaccumulation confer deleterious effects on living organisms. The 24-h LC50 and LC100 of CdTe QD were found to be 18.40 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml respectively. The CdTe QD exposure elevated HSP-16.2 expression mediating induction of the stress response. The CdTe QD lethality was due to increment in ROS and decline in SOD and GST expression. The present study demonstrates improved survival in BCP (50 μM) and CUR (20 μM) treated worms by over 60% (P<0.01) and 50% (P<0.029) in CdTe QD (100 μg/ml) exposed worms. Furthermore, BCP and CUR attenuate oxidative stress triggered by QD. The present study for the first time demonstrates CdTe QD toxicity remediation via BCP and CUR. The future investigations can unravel underlying protective effects of phytomolceules for remediating cyotoxicolgical effects of QDs.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cadmium; Caenorhabditis elegans; Curcumin; Models, Biological; Oxidative Stress; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Quantum Dots; Sesquiterpenes

The therapeutic agents for dementia are limited due to the complex system underlying the mechanisms. Taking a preventive point of view, we focused on the inhibition of β-secretase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). In addition, plant resources including herbs and spices have been widely consumed, and further, may be consumed for a long period over a lifetime. Considering this background, we screened β-secretase and AChE inhibitors from curry spices. Amongst them, curry leaf, black pepper, and turmeric extracts were effective to inhibit β-secretase. Furthermore, black pepper and turmeric extracts were also effective to inhibit AChE. Having these results in hand, we focused on the investigation of β-secretase inhibitors since the inhibitor of this enzyme has not previously been well investigated. As a result, α- and β-caryophyllene, β-caryophyllene oxide (from curry leaf), piperine (from black pepper), curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin (from turmeric) were successfully identified as low molecular inhibitors. This is the first report to determine α- and β-caryophyllene, β-caryophyllene oxide, and piperine as β-secretase inhibitors. These compounds may pass through the blood brain barrier since their molecular weights are relatively low.

Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alkaloids; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; Benzodioxoles; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Curcuma; Curcumin; Diarylheptanoids; Murraya; Piper nigrum; Piperidines; Plant Extracts; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Sesquiterpenes

Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae) is a native plant of southern Asia and is cultivated extensively throughout the warmer parts of the world. Jianghuang and Yujin are rhizome and tuberous root of C. longa, respectively, which were traditionally used as two Chinese medicines. In this paper, pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were developed for quantitative determination/estimation of eight characteristic compounds including beta-caryophyllene, ar-curcumene, zingiberene, beta-bisabolene, beta-sesquiphellandrenendrene, ar-turmerone, alpha-turmerone and beta-turmerone in Jianghuang and Yujin. A HP-5MS capillary column (30 m x 0.25 mm i.d.) coated with 0.25 microm film 5% phenyl methyl siloxane was used for separation and selected ion monitoring (SIM) method was used for quantitation. Hierarchical cluster analysis based on characteristics of eight identified peaks in GC-MS profiles showed that 10 samples were divided into two main clusters, Jianghuang and Yujin, respectively. Four components such as ar-curcumene, ar-turmerone, alpha-turmerone and beta-turmerone were optimized as markers for quality control of rhizome (Jianghuang) and tuberous root (Yujin), which are two traditional Chinese medicines, from Curcuma longa.

Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cluster Analysis; Curcuma; Curcumin; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Ketones; Molecular Structure; Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; Plant Tubers; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Quality Control; Rhizome; Sesquiterpenes; Technology, Pharmaceutical; Toluene