crocin and 2-keto-4-methylthiobutyric-acid

Aqueous solutions of engine exhaust condensation products were derived from cars powered by diesel or four-stroke gasoline engines (with and without three-way catalytic converter). The cars were operated on a static test platform. Samples of the different exhaust solutions accumulated in a Grimmer-type distillation trap (VDI 3872) during standard test programs (Federal Test Procedure) were incubated with important biomolecules. As indicators of reactive oxygen species or oxidative destruction, ascorbic acid, cysteine, glutathione, serum albumin, the enzymes glycerinaldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase, and the oxygen free-radical indicator keto-methylthiobutyrate were used. During and after the incubations, oxygen activation (consumption) and oxidative destruction were determined. Comparison of the oxidative activities of the different types of exhaust condensates clearly showed that the exhaust condensate derived from the four-stroke car equipped with a three-way catalytic converter exhibited by far the lowest oxidative and destructive power.

Topics: Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Automobiles; Carotenoids; Ethylenes; Gasoline; Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases; Methionine; Oxidation-Reduction; Reactive Oxygen Species; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Vehicle Emissions; Xanthine Oxidase