choline has been researched along with ethylcholine aziridinium in 272 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 101 (37.13) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 123 (45.22) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 40 (14.71) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 8 (2.94) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Butula, I; Fernandes, LG; Leavitt, BR; Maysinger, D; Ribeiro-da-Silva, A; Zorc, B | 1 |
| Abe, E; Itoh, T; Masuda, Y; Murai, S; Saito, H | 3 |
| Gobert, J; Gower, AJ; Hanin, I; Lamberty, Y; Wulfert, E | 1 |
| Fredholm, BB; Goiny, M; Herrera-Marschitz, M; Johansson, B; Meana, JJ; O'Connor, WT; Parkinson, FE; Ungerstedt, U | 1 |
| Atterwill, CK; Johnston, HB | 1 |
| Hiraga, Y; Ikeda, Y; Kobayashi, N; Nakata, N; Ogishima, M; Washizuka, M | 1 |
| Bronzetti, E; Felici, L; Ferrante, F; Valsecchi, B | 1 |
| Bongrani, S; Bronzetti, E; Mancini, M; Ricci, A; Strocchi, P | 1 |
| Opello, KD; Walsh, TJ | 1 |
| Atterwill, CK; Johnston, H; Thomas, SM | 1 |
| Cohen, S; Fisher, A; Heldman, E; Pittel, Z | 1 |
| Corey, J; el Tamer, A; Hanin, I; Wülfert, E | 1 |
| Ishihara, T; Maezono, Y; Nakamura, S; Ohno, T; Tani, Y | 1 |
| Gáspár, E; Heeringa, M; Luiten, PG; Markel, E; Nyakas, C | 1 |
| Barnes, DM; Erickson, LC; Futscher, BW; Hanin, I; Pieper, RO | 1 |
| Kerkerian-Le Goff, L; Nieoullon, A; Reine, G; Samuel, D | 1 |
| Black, BA; Cotman, CW; Emerich, DF; Kesslak, JP; Walsh, TJ | 1 |
| Bonaventure, N; Jardon, B; Scherrer, E | 1 |
| Bardgett, ME; Gray, BC; Miller, JW | 1 |
| Hanin, I | 3 |
| Berger, ML; Hornykiewicz, O; Hörtnagl, H; Reither, H | 1 |
| Bohnett, M; Messer, WS; Stibbe, JR | 1 |
| Chrobak, JJ; Hanin, I; Napier, TC; Walsh, TJ | 1 |
| Armstrong, JN; Pappas, BA | 1 |
| Chrobak, JJ; Walsh, TJ | 1 |
| Hashimoto, M; Hashimoto, T; Kuriyama, K | 1 |
| Javel, E; Morley, BJ; Schneider, BL; Spangler, KM | 1 |
| Ikegami, S; Kawamura, H; Nihonmatsu, I | 1 |
| Ando, K; Hironaka, N; Miyata, H | 1 |
| Dong, XW; Hanin, I; Kindel, G; Lee, JM; Lorens, SA | 1 |
| Hörtnagl, H; Maas, D; Sobal, G; Sperk, G | 1 |
| Kato, K; Kurihara, E; Nagaoka, A; Yamazaki, N | 1 |
| Noda, Y; Ochi, Y; Oka, M; Shimada, E | 1 |
| Hata, F; Kataoka, T; Takeuchi, T; Yagasaki, O; Yamano, N | 1 |
| Ishii, T; Miwa, T; Nishio, H; Yagasaki, O | 1 |
| Dawson, TM; Dawson, VL; Wamsley, JK | 1 |
| Speth, RC; Walters, DE | 1 |
| Estrada, C; Galea, E; Gómez-Ramos, P | 1 |
| Dawson, VL; Wamsley, JK | 1 |
| Emerich, DF; Walsh, TJ | 1 |
| Corey, J; Hanin, I; Laganiere, S; Marinko, M; Wulfert, E | 1 |
| Furuya, Y; Kitajima, I; Ohno, M; Ueki, S; Yamamoto, T; Yatsugi, S | 1 |
| Hadjiconstantinou, M; Moroi-Fetters, SE; Neff, NH | 1 |
| Arendash, GW; Mouton, PR | 1 |
| Atterwill, CK; Meakin, JM | 1 |
| Garner, LL; Morley, BJ | 1 |
| Kessler, JA | 1 |
| Hanin, I; Kása, P | 1 |
| Costa, E; Eva, C; Fabrazzo, M | 1 |
| Hanin, I; Hörtnagl, H; Potter, PE | 2 |
| Fertel, R; Hadjiconstantinou, M; Neff, NH; Qu, ZX | 1 |
| Allen, YS; Marchbanks, RM; Sinden, JD | 1 |
| Atterwill, CK; Collins, P; Meakin, J; Pillar, AM; Prince, AK | 1 |
| Hanin, I; Kindel, G; Potter, PE; Tedford, CE | 1 |
| Morio, Y; Yagasaki, O | 1 |
| Callahan, JW; Mount, RJ; Smith, DW | 1 |
| Morley, BJ | 1 |
| Morley, BJ; Murrin, LC | 1 |
| Chrobak, JJ; Spates, MJ; Stackman, RW; Walsh, TJ | 1 |
| Iga, Y; Kawanishi, G; Mizobe, F; Nakahara, N; Saito, Y | 1 |
| Cohen, S; Gitter, S; Reicher, S; Speiser, Z | 1 |
| Hiraga, Y; Jossan, SS; Oreland, L | 1 |
| Hanin, I; Hörtnagl, H; Kindel, G; Potter, PE | 1 |
| Fisher, A; Heldman, E; Pittel, Z | 2 |
| Hatanaka, H; Ikegami, S; Kawamura, H; Nihonmatsu, I; Takei, N | 2 |
| Gobert, J; Gower, AJ; Hanin, I; Jamsin, P; Rousseau, D; Wülfert, E | 1 |
| Arendash, GW; Meyer, EM; Mouton, PR | 1 |
| Brandeis, R; Dachir, S; Fisher, A; Heldman, E; Karton, I; Levy, A; Pittel, Z; Sapir, M | 1 |
| Atterwill, CK; Pillar, AM; Prince, AK | 2 |
| Boelen, M; Epstein, ML; Ishimoto, I; Johnson, CD; Millar, TJ; Morgan, IG | 1 |
| Gaál, G; Hanin, I; Kakucska, I; Potter, PE; Vizi, ES | 1 |
| Estrada, C; Gomez Ramos, P; Martin del Río, R; Triguero, D | 1 |
| Hanin, I; Hörtnagl, H; Kindel, G; Potter, PE; Singer, EA | 1 |
| Dawson, TM; Dawson, VL; Filloux, FM; Wamsley, JK | 1 |
| Burnstock, G; Hoyle, CH; Moss, HE | 1 |
| Fisher, A; Hanin, I | 1 |
| Amitzi-Sonder, J; Cohen, S; Gitter, S; Speiser, Z | 1 |
| Johnson, GV; Jope, RS; Simonato, M | 1 |
| Chrobak, JJ; Hanin, I; Schmechel, DE; Walsh, TJ | 1 |
| Iga, Y; Kawanishi, G; Mizobe, F; Nakahara, N | 2 |
| Kelley, MC; Meyer, EM; Raizada, MK | 1 |
| Morio, Y; Nishio, H; Noda, A; Yagasaki, O | 1 |
| Goldstein, S; Grimee, R; Hanin, I; Wulfert, E | 1 |
| Goldstein, S; Hanin, I; Happe, K; Hörtnagl, H; Leventer, S; Potter, PE; Wulfert, E | 1 |
| Arendash, GW; Dunn, AJ; Meyer, EM; Millard, W; Mouton, PR | 1 |
| Kása, P; Szerdahelyi, P | 1 |
| Cohen, S; Eliash, S; Urca, G | 1 |
| Furuya, Y; Ueki, S; Yamamoto, T; Yatsugi, S | 1 |
| Battistini, S; Bissoli, R; Contestabile, A; Garolini, S; Guarnieri, T; Saverino, O; Villani, L | 1 |
| Ishihara, T; Kawai, M; Nakagawa, Y; Nakamura, S; Tohyama, M | 1 |
| Amir, A; Fisher, A; Heldman, E; Pittel, Z; Shahar, A | 1 |
| Fuentes, C; König, N; Roch, G | 3 |
| Honda, K; Kamiya, H; Kamiya, Y; Takano, Y; Tateishi, N; Yamada, K | 1 |
| Ikeda, H; Okano, T; Yamashita, M; Yoshimura, K | 1 |
| Amir, A; Fisher, A; Heldman, E; Korczyn, AD; Pittel, Z; Shahar, A | 1 |
| Kása, P | 1 |
| Marchbanks, RM; Uney, JB | 1 |
| Hanin, I; Leventer, SM; Stewart, DJ; Vanderwolf, CH | 1 |
| Ho, BT; Pope, CN; Wright, AA | 1 |
| Hanin, I; Leventer, SM; Wulfert, E | 1 |
| Cuello, AC; Stephens, PH; Tagari, P | 1 |
| Chrobak, JJ; Hanin, I; Walsh, TJ | 1 |
| Butcher, LL; Gordon, MN; Hartgraves, SL; Kelly, PH; McGurk, SR | 1 |
| Ogura, H; Yamanishi, Y; Yamatsu, K | 1 |
| Blaker, WD; Goodwin, SD | 1 |
| Lammers, AJ; Steinbusch, HW; Tonnaer, JA; Wieringa, JH | 1 |
| Arbogast, RE; Kozlowski, MR | 1 |
| Bailey, EL; Crocker, AD; Overstreet, DH | 1 |
| Davies, DL; Sakellaridis, N; Valcana, T; Vernadakis, A | 1 |
| Contestabile, A; Fonnum, F; Migani, P; Poli, A; Villani, L | 1 |
| Cuello, AC; Maysinger, D; Tagari, PC | 1 |
| Koppenaal, DW; Meyer, EM; Momol, EA; Morgan, E; Raizada, MK | 1 |
| Hanin, I; McArdle, JJ | 1 |
| Coyle, JT; Fisher, A; Hanin, I; McKinney, M; Sandberg, K; Schnaar, RL | 1 |
| Clancy, M; Hanin, I; Leventer, S; McKeag, D; Wulfert, E | 1 |
| Coyle, JT; Sandberg, K; Schnaar, RL | 1 |
| Hanin, I; Leventer, SM; Roeske, WR; Vickroy, TW; Watson, M; Yamamura, HI | 1 |
| Jarrard, LE; Kant, GJ; Levy, A; Meyerhoff, JL | 3 |
| Barlow, P; Marchbanks, RM | 2 |
| Berger, P; Janowsky, A; Long, R; Paul, SM; Schweri, MM; Skolnick, P | 1 |
| Chrobak, JJ; Dehaven, DL; Hanin, I; Tilson, HA; Walsh, TJ | 1 |
| Abraham, DJ; Hanin, I; Mistry, JS | 1 |
| Dutar, P; Jobert, A; Lamour, Y; Rascol, O | 1 |
| Olson, GL; Stwertka, SA | 1 |
| Englert, LF; Ho, BT; Pope, CN | 1 |
| Coyle, JT; Fisher, A; Hanin, I; Sandberg, K | 1 |
| Contestabile, A; Migani, P; Poli, A; Villani, L | 1 |
| deGroat, WC; Fisher, A; Hanin, I; Mantione, CR | 1 |
| Coyle, JT; Sanberg, PR; Sandberg, K | 1 |
| Fisher, A; Hanin, I; Mantione, CR | 2 |
| Coyle, JT; Fisher, A; Hanin, I; Sanberg, PR; Sandberg, K | 1 |
| DeHaven, DL; Fisher, A; Hanin, I; Mailman, RB; Tilson, HA; Walsh, TJ | 1 |
| Fisher, A; Hanin, I; Kása, P; Szerdahelyi, P | 1 |
| Curti, D; Marchbanks, RM | 1 |
| Fisher, A; Hanin, I; Mantione, CR; Zigmond, MJ | 1 |
| Abraham, DJ; Fisher, A; Hanin, I; Mantione, CR | 1 |
| Ackerman, S; Opello, KD; Stackman, RW; Walsh, TJ | 1 |
| Amoroso, D; Hanin, I; Kindel, G; Wülfert, E | 1 |
| Masuda, Y; Murai, S | 1 |
| Potter, PE; Thorne, B | 1 |
| Hanin, I; Willson, CA | 2 |
| Abraham, S; Brandeis, R; Fisher, A; Hafif, N; Oz, N; Sapir, M; Stein, E | 1 |
| Berger, ML; Havelec, L; Hornykiewicz, O; Hörtnagl, H | 1 |
| Brake, WG; Pappas, BA | 1 |
| Abe, E; Itoh, T; Masuda, Y; Murai, S; Odashima, J; Saito, H | 1 |
| Hanin, I; Hoffer, B; Luthman, J; Willson, CA | 1 |
| Itoh, T; Masuda, Y; Murai, S; Odashima, J; Saito, H | 1 |
| Carraso, RL; Mostofsky, DI; Yehuda, S | 1 |
| Dong, XW; Hanin, I; Lorens, SA | 1 |
| Borisenko, SA; Kutepova, O; Männistö, PT; Tuomainen, P; Voronina, T; Zolotov, N | 1 |
| el-Tamer, A; Ginzberg, D; Grifman, M; Hanin, I; Lev-Lehman, E; Soreq, H; Yaron, A | 1 |
| Kelly, RM; Stackman, RW; Walsh, TJ | 1 |
| Abe, E; Itoh, T; Masuda, Y; Murai, S; Saito, H; Shiotani, T; Tachizawa, H; Takasu, Y | 1 |
| Hörtnagl, H | 1 |
| Isaacson, RL; Maier, DL | 1 |
| Kaneko, S; Maeda, T; Satoh, M | 1 |
| Inagawa, K | 1 |
| Endoh, H; Ohyama, M; Okada, M; Sasamata, M; Takahashi, K; Yamamoto, M; Yatsugi, S | 1 |
| Connell, TA; Weiss, B; Zhang, SP; Zhou, LW | 2 |
| el Tamer, A; Hanin, I; Hansen, L; Hörtnagl, H; Kindel, G; Schneider, B | 1 |
| Jones, HB; Pillar, AM; Prince, AK | 1 |
| Fischer-Colbrie, R; Hörtnagl, H; Mahata, M; Mahata, SK; Winkler, H | 1 |
| Alburges, ME; Hunt, ME; Narang, N; Pundt, LL; Wamsley, JK | 1 |
| Stackman, RW; Walsh, TJ; Wörtwein, G | 1 |
| Nitta, S; Potter, PE | 1 |
| Mount, RJ; Smith, DW | 1 |
| Endo, H; Okada, M; Ooyama, M; Ozawa, Y; Tada, S; Yamaguchi, T; Yamamoto, M | 1 |
| Hardwick, EO; Judkins, JH; Meyer, EM | 1 |
| Hirai, K; Kato, K; Miyamoto, M; Nagaoka, A; Nishiyama, M; Okada, H; Takahashi, H | 1 |
| Estrada, C; Galea, E; Gómez, C; Martín, C | 1 |
| Kodama, K; Koga, Y; Shibata, S; Ueki, S; Watanabe, S | 1 |
| Govitrapong, P; Maneesub, Y; Sanvarinda, Y | 1 |
| Nakamura, S; Ohno, T | 1 |
| Bardea, A; Brenneman, DE; Fridkin, M; Gozes, I; Reshef, A; Rubinraut, S; Zamostiano, R; Zhukovsky, S | 1 |
| Stackman, RW; Walsh, TJ | 1 |
| XI, CT; Yi, FH; Zhi, QX | 1 |
| Bessho, T; Chaki, H; Egawa, M; Ohshima, C; Saito, K; Tabata, R; Takashina, K; Tobe, A; Yamabe, H | 1 |
| Dong, XW; Shan, HY; Yu, FL | 1 |
| El Tamer, A; Hanin, I; Wülfert, E | 1 |
| Chernysevskaya, IA; Gulyaeva, NV; Lazareva, NA; Libe, ML; Mitrokhina, OS; Onufriev, MV; Walsh, TJ | 1 |
| Gaughan, C; Potter, PE; Thorne, B | 1 |
| Khromova, I; Kraineva, VA; Männistö, PT; Voronina, T; Zolotov, N | 1 |
| Hellweg, R; Hörtnagl, H; Humpel, C; Löwe, A | 1 |
| Clero, E; Costentin, J; Dourmap, N | 1 |
| Hörtnagl, H; Lassmann, H; Pifl, C; Rinner, WA | 1 |
| Ichitani, Y; Kawai, N; Maeshima, T; Matsukawa, M; Nakadate, K; Ogawa, M; Okado, N | 1 |
| Gálosi, R; Hajnal, A; Lénárd, L | 1 |
| Elliott, CJ; Vehovszky, A | 1 |
| Bartolomeo, AC; Boast, CA; Morris, H | 1 |
| González-Hernández, T; Mantolán-Sarmiento, B; Rodríguez, M | 1 |
| Bachurin, S; Lermontova, N; Lukoyanov, N; Lukoyanova, E; Serkova, T | 1 |
| Abdala, P; González-Hernández, T; Rodríguez, M | 1 |
| Akin, SB; Berkman, K; Erin, N; Oktay, S; Tellioğlu, T | 1 |
| Bachar, M; Bardea, A; Davidson, A; Fridkin, M; Gozes, I; Rubinraut, S | 1 |
| Erickson, LC; Hanin, I; Santiago, LR | 1 |
| Ikarashi, Y; Ishimaru, H; Maruyama, Y; Shiobara, T; Takahashi, A; Yuzurihara, M | 1 |
| Fischer, AJ; Miethke, P; Morgan, IG; Stell, WK | 1 |
| Cheng, DH; Tang, XC | 1 |
| Ichitani, Y; Iwasaki, T; Nonaka, H | 1 |
| Furusawa, K; Hirooka, H; Hirooka, K; Kanda, K; Suzuki, T | 1 |
| Giordano, M; Prado-Alcalá, RA; Salado-Castillo, R; Sánchez-Alvarez, M | 1 |
| Ikarashi, Y; Maruyama, Y; Shiobara, T; Takahashi, A; Yuzurihara, M | 1 |
| Ayala-Grosso, CA; Urbina-Paez, R | 1 |
| Fan, QI; Hanin, I | 1 |
| Liao, HB; Luo, XD; Sun, JH; Wang, YL; Wu, YH; Xiong, YL; Zhou, ZM | 1 |
| Ikarashi, Y; Ishimaru, H; Maruyama, Y; Takahashi, A; Yuzurihara, M | 1 |
| Abou-Gharbia, M; Bartolomeo, AC; Boast, CA; Buccafusco, JJ; Husbands, MG; Kille, N; Morris, H; Moyer, JA; Rosenzweig-Lipson, S; Sabb, AL | 1 |
| Afanasiev, A; Bachurin, S; Beznosko, B; Lermontova, N; Mukhina, T; Oxenkrug, G; Serkova, T; Shevtzova, E; Vankin, G | 1 |
| Carlier, PR; Han, Y; Ho, W; Lee, NT; Liu, J; Pang, Y | 1 |
| Adamson, KL; Chow, BL; Coen, KM; Corrigall, WA; Lança, AJ | 1 |
| Arnswald, A; Dirnagl, U; Freyer, D; Gulyaeva, NV; Harms, C; Hörtnagl, H; Lautenschlager, M; Moiseeva, YV; Onufriev, MV; Ruscher, K; Sehmsdorf, U; Victorov, I; Weber, JR | 1 |
| Bardea, A; Brenneman, DE; Giladi, E; Gozes, I; Pinhasov, A | 1 |
| Kubo, T; Nakamura, S; Nishiike, S; Takeda, N; Uno, A; Yamatodani, A | 2 |
| Bergk, A; Dirnagl, U; Freyer, D; Harms, C; Hörtnagl, H; Lautenschlager, M; Weber, JR; Weih, M | 1 |
| Furuta, M; Ikeno, N; Imaizumi, Y; Ohya, S; Watanabe, M; Yamahara, NS | 1 |
| Bachurin, SO; Lermontova, NN; Lukoyanov, NV; Lukoyanova, EA; Serkova, TP | 1 |
| Endo, Y; Fueta, Y; Yamauchi, K | 1 |
| Iwasaki, T; Kobayashi, T | 1 |
| Fukushima, M; Kitahara, T; Kubo, T; Saika, T; Takeda, N; Uno, A | 1 |
| Bergk, A; Dirnagl, U; Freyer, D; Harms, C; Herwig, U; Hörtnagl, H; Kapinya, K; Katchanov, J; Lautenschlager, M; Megow, D; Weber, JR | 1 |
| Arnswald, A; Fink, H; Hellweg, R; Hörtnagl, H; Kay, S; Morgenstern, R; Thomas, H; von Richthofen, S | 1 |
| Kim, HS; Lim, DK; Oh, YH | 1 |
| Bachurin, S; Baskin, I; Grigoriev, V; Lermontova, N; Lukoyanov, N; Mukhina, T; Palyulin, V; Petrova, L; Proshin, A; Tkachenko, S; Ustinov, A; Zefirov, N | 1 |
| Bantel, C; Eisenach, JC; Li, X; Paqueron, X; Tobin, JR; Voytko, ML | 1 |
| Chen, SR; Pan, HL | 1 |
| Endo, Y; Fueta, Y; Irie, M; Shinohara, K | 1 |
| Hiramatsu, M; Kameyama, T; Nabeshima, T; Yamatsu, T | 1 |
| Abe, K; Ishida, K; Kato, M; Miyatake, T; Shigenaga, T; Taguchi, K | 1 |
| Dudas, B; Hanin, I; Rose, M | 1 |
| Blei, K; Dirnagl, U; Harms, C; Harms, U; Hörtnagl, H; Kapinya, KJ; Katchanov, J | 1 |
| Bachurin, SO; Lermontova, NN; Mukhina, TV; Serkova, TP; Van'kin, GI | 1 |
| Conklin, D; Eisenach, JC; Paqueron, X | 1 |
| Bösel, J; Braun, JS; Dirnagl, U; Endres, M; Fink, K; Harms, C; Harms, U; Hörtnagl, H; Kwiatkowski, DJ; Lautenschlager, M | 1 |
| Dudas, B; Hanin, I; Rose, M; Wülfert, E | 1 |
| Bachurin, SO; Lermontova, NN; Mukhina, TV; Oettel, M; P'chev, VK; Van'kin, GI | 1 |
| Cornelli, U; Dudas, B; Hanin, I; Rose, M | 2 |
| Dudas, B; Hanin, I; Semeniken, K | 1 |
| Kusumoto, H; Minami, A; Shimazu, S; Takahata, K; Yoneda, F | 1 |
| Daniel, C; Geisslinger, G; Radeke, HH; Sartory, N; Stein, JM; Zahn, N | 1 |
| Berdiev, RK; Chepurnov, SA; Chepurnova, NE; van Luijtelaar, G; Veening, JG | 1 |
| Chakravarti, S; Wu, F | 1 |
| Bessho, T; Eguchi, J; Mori, R; Saito, K; Takashina, K | 1 |
| Bessho, T; Eguchi, J; Komatsu, T; Saito, K; Takashina, K | 1 |
| Bessho, T; Eguchi, J; Kawai, K; Mori, R; Saito, K; Takashina, K | 1 |
| Inoue, H; Kuwagata, Y | 1 |
| Furukawa, S; Ichitani, Y; Iwasaki, T; Yamada, K | 1 |
| Chonpathompikunlert, P; Muchimapura, S; Wattanathorn, J | 1 |
| Lim, DK; Park, SH | 1 |
| Kolyasnikova, KN; Nazarova, GA; Zolotov, NN | 1 |
| Alam, M; Jin, X; Krauss, JK; Schwabe, K | 1 |
| Ban, YH; Cha, Y; Choi, EK; Guo, H; Jang, GY; Jang, SK; Jeong, HS; Joo, SS; Kim, YB; Lee, JY; Lee, SH; Park, D; Yeon, S | 1 |
| Côté, PD; Smith, BJ; Tremblay, F | 1 |
| Bachurin, SO; Lermontova, NN; Nikolaeva, NS; Serkova, TP; Shevtsova, EF; Van'kin, GI; Vasilieva, NA | 1 |
9 review(s) available for choline and ethylcholine aziridinium
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Neuroplasticity, the aging brain, and Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Brain; Brain Tissue Transplantation; Choline; Gangliosides; Humans; Nerve Growth Factors; Neuronal Plasticity | 1992 |
Cholinergic toxins and Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Neurotoxins; Parasympathomimetics | 1992 |
The pharmacology of basal forebrain involvement in cognition.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; beta-Endorphin; Bicuculline; Cerebral Ventricles; Choline; Cognition; Muscimol; Naloxone; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Prosencephalon; Rats; Substance P | 1991 |
AF64A-induced cholinergic hypofunction.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Brain; Choline; Parasympatholytics | 1990 |
Potential animal models for senile dementia of Alzheimer's type, with emphasis on AF64A-induced cholinotoxicity.
Topics: Aged; Aging; Aluminum; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Disease Models, Animal; Haplorhini; Hemicholinium 3; Humans; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurotoxins; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Scopolamine | 1986 |
The cholinergic systems in brain and spinal cord.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Brain; Brain Mapping; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Corpus Striatum; Histocytochemistry; Interneurons; Microscopy, Electron; Nerve Crush; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Spinal Cord; Visual Pathways | 1986 |
Recent advances in the use of selective neuron-destroying agents for neurobiological research.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Colchicine; Folic Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Kainic Acid; Lectins; Mitogens; Mustard Compounds; Nerve Degeneration; Nervous System; Neurons; Piperidines; Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids | 1984 |
Strategies to limit brain injury and promote recovery of function.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Brain Diseases; Choline; Hippocampus; Humans; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Receptors, GABA | 1994 |
The AF64A model of cholinergic hypofunction: an update.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Brain; Choline; Choline Deficiency; Cholinergic Antagonists; Disease Models, Animal; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Synaptic Transmission | 1996 |
263 other study(ies) available for choline and ethylcholine aziridinium
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Inhibition of high affinity choline uptake in the rat brain by neurotoxins: effect of monosialoganglioside GM1.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Biological Transport; Biphenyl Compounds; Brain; Choline; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; G(M1) Ganglioside; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Kinetics; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Molecular Structure; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurotoxins; Nitrogen Mustard Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptosomes; Tritium | 1992 |
Reversal by 3,3',5-triido-L-thyronine of the working memory deficit, and the decrease in acetylcholine, glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid induced by ethylcholine aziridinium ion in mice.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Choline; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Hippocampus; Male; Memory; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Taurine; Triiodothyronine | 1992 |
Behavioural, biochemical and histological effects of AF64A following injection into the third ventricle of the mouse.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Mapping; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Escape Reaction; Exploratory Behavior; Female; Frontal Lobe; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Learning; Memory; Mental Recall; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Motor Activity; Neurotransmitter Agents; Orientation; Psychomotor Performance; Reflex | 1992 |
Effect of the neurotoxin AF64A on intrinsic and extrinsic neuronal systems of rat neostriatum measured by in vivo microdialysis.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Corpus Striatum; Dialysis; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ibotenic Acid; Male; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1992 |
Nerve growth factor (NGF) receptors on mast cells: effects of the cholinergic neurotoxin ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion (ECMA).
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Histamine Release; Male; Mast Cells; Nerve Growth Factors; Nervous System; Parasympatholytics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor | 1992 |
A simple T-maze method for estimating working memory in mice. Effect of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion (AF64A).
Topics: Animals; Association Learning; Aziridines; Choline; Male; Memory; Mice; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neuropsychology | 1992 |
Differential effects of intracerebroventricular AF64A injection, nucleus basalis of Meynert lesion, and scopolamine on place navigation and open-field behavior of rats.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Motor Activity; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Scopolamine; Substantia Innominata | 1992 |
Effect of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium (AF64A) and of the monoamine oxidase-B-inhibitor L-deprenyl on the morphology of the rat hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Neostriatum; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Selegiline; Toxins, Biological | 1992 |
Deficits in cholinergic neurotransmission markers induced by ethylcholine mustard aziridinium (AF64A) in the rat hippocampus: sensitivity to treatment with the monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor L-deprenyl.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Neostriatum; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Muscarinic; Selegiline; Toxins, Biological | 1992 |
Models for the in vitro assessment of neurotoxicity in the nervous system in relation to xenobiotic and neurotrophic factor-mediated events.
Topics: Aluminum; Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Aziridines; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Chlorides; Choline; Hormones; Humans; Mesencephalon; Models, Biological; Nerve Growth Factors; Nervous System; Neurons; Vincristine; Xenobiotics | 1992 |
Differential long-term effect of AF64A on [3H]ACh synthesis and release in rat hippocampal synaptosomes.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptosomes; Time Factors; Toxins, Biological; Tritium | 1992 |
Reversible cholinergic changes induced by AF64A in rat hippocampus and possible septal compensatory effect.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aziridines; Biological Transport; Cerebral Ventricles; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Time Factors | 1992 |
Learning deficits after unilateral AF64A lesions in the rat basal forebrain: role of cholinergic and noncholinergic systems.
Topics: Animals; Autonomic Nervous System; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Brain Chemistry; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Learning; Male; Memory; Monoamine Oxidase; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parasympathomimetics; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344 | 1992 |
Behavioral and biochemical effects of early postnatal cholinergic lesion in the hippocampus.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aziridines; Biomarkers; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Conditioning, Operant; Exploratory Behavior; Hippocampus; Histocytochemistry; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spatial Behavior; Time Factors | 1992 |
DNA-damaging and transcription-terminating lesions induced by AF64A in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Base Sequence; Choline; DNA; DNA Damage; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Molecular Sequence Data; Transcription, Genetic; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1992 |
Effects of lesion of the cholinergic basal forebrain nuclei on the activity of glutamatergic and GABAergic systems in the rat frontal cortex and hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Basal Ganglia; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamates; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Injections, Intraventricular; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1992 |
Transplantation of fetal cholinergic neurons into the hippocampus attenuates the cognitive and neurochemical deficits induced by AF64A.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aziridines; Cerebral Ventricles; Choline; Cognition; Female; Fetal Tissue Transplantation; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Learning; Male; Motor Activity; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1992 |
Possible involvement of cholinergic and glycinergic amacrine cells in the inhibition exerted by the ON retinal channel on the OFF retinal channel.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Glycine; Immunohistochemistry; Injections; Neural Pathways; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Rana esculenta; Receptors, Muscarinic; Retina; Vitreous Body | 1992 |
Effects of selective toxic lesions of cholinergic neurons of the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus on experimental seizures.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Female; Histocytochemistry; NADPH Dehydrogenase; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Tegmentum Mesencephali | 1992 |
Cholinergic deficit induced by ethylcholine aziridinium (AF64A) in rat hippocampus: effect on glutamatergic systems.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Pilocarpine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Toxins, Biological | 1991 |
Involvement of the septohippocampal cholinergic system in representational memory.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Hippocampus; Male; Memory; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parasympathomimetics; Phosphatidylinositols; Pilocarpine; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Stereotaxic Techniques; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1991 |
The histopathological, behavioral and neurochemical effects of intraventricular injection of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium (AF64A) in the neonatal rat.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Biogenic Monoamines; Brain; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Female; Injections, Intraventricular; Learning; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Pregnancy; Rats; Space Perception | 1991 |
Dose- and delay-dependent working/episodic memory impairments following intraventricular administration of ethylcholine aziridinium ion (AF64A).
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Conditioning, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Memory; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Cholinergic; Task Performance and Analysis; Time Factors | 1991 |
Protective effect of WEB 1881 FU on AF64A (ethylcholine aziridinium ion)-induced impairment of hippocampal cholinergic neurons and learning acquisition.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Hippocampus; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Learning; Learning Disabilities; Male; Neurons; Pyrrolidinones; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1991 |
Selective degeneration of a putative cholinergic pathway in the chinchilla cochlea following infusion with ethylcholine aziridinium ion.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Axons; Aziridines; Chinchilla; Choline; Cochlea; Hair Cells, Auditory; Infusions, Parenteral; Microscopy, Electron; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Synapses | 1991 |
Transplantation of ventral forebrain cholinergic neurons to the hippocampus ameliorates impairment of radial-arm maze learning in rats with AF64A treatment.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aziridines; Brain Tissue Transplantation; Choline; Corpus Striatum; Hippocampus; Learning; Male; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Olivary Nucleus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Transplantation, Heterotopic | 1991 |
[Effects of cholinergic drugs on delayed discrimination disruption by AF64A in rats].
Topics: Animals; Arecoline; Aziridines; Choline; Discrimination Learning; Male; Memory; Nicotine; Parasympathomimetics; Physostigmine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reaction Time | 1991 |
Septal choline acetyltransferase immunoreactive neurons: dose-dependent effects of AF64A.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Brain; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Reference Values | 1991 |
Cholinergic deficit induced by ethylcholine aziridinium (AF64A) transiently affects somatostatin and neuropeptide Y levels in rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Brain; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Hippocampus; Immunologic Techniques; Male; Neuropeptide Y; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parietal Lobe; Pilocarpine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Somatostatin; Time Factors; Toxins, Biological | 1990 |
Cholinergic drugs reverse AF64A-induced impairment of passive avoidance learning in rats.
Topics: Animals; Arecoline; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Biogenic Amines; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Choline; Electroshock; Male; Memory; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Nociceptors; Oxotremorine; Parasympathomimetics; Physostigmine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sensory Thresholds | 1991 |
Involvement of central cholinergic mechanism in RU-24969-induced behavioral deficits.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Choline; Indoles; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Motor Activity; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parasympathomimetics; Scopolamine; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists | 1991 |
Differences in control of descending inhibition in the proximal and distal regions of rat colon.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Aziridines; Choline; Colon; Electric Stimulation; Guanethidine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Relaxation; Muscle, Smooth; Neural Pathways; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin | 1990 |
The biochemical and ultrastructural examinations in central cholinergic damage of the rat induced by the intraperitoneal administration of AF64A.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Corpus Striatum; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1990 |
Muscarinic and dopaminergic receptor subtypes on striatal cholinergic interneurons.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Corpus Striatum; Interneurons; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Nucleus Accumbens; Olfactory Bulb; Pirenzepine; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Muscarinic; Sulpiride; Tritium | 1990 |
Loss of striatal angiotensin-converting enzyme following intrastriatal AF64A is not related to destruction of cholinergic interneurons.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Corpus Striatum; Dipeptides; Interneurons; Male; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1990 |
Neuronal and microvascular alterations induced by the cholinergic toxin AF64A in the rat retina.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Capillaries; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Photoreceptor Cells; Pinocytosis; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Synaptosomes | 1990 |
Hippocampal muscarinic supersensitivity after AF64A medial septal lesion excludes M1 receptors.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Brain; Choline; Hippocampus; Male; Neurotoxins; Pyramidal Tracts; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Up-Regulation | 1990 |
Ganglioside AGF2 promotes task-specific recovery and attenuates the cholinergic hypofunction induced by AF64A.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aziridines; Cerebral Ventricles; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; G(M1) Ganglioside; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Learning; Male; Memory; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Space Perception | 1990 |
Sector-dependent neurotoxicity of ethylcholine aziridinium (AF64A) in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Hippocampus; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Organ Specificity; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values | 1990 |
Minaprine improves impairment of working memory induced by scopolamine and cerebral ischemia in rats.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Benzoquinones; Brain Ischemia; Choline; Hippocampus; Injections; Male; Memory; Physostigmine; Psychomotor Performance; Pyridazines; Quinones; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Scopolamine; Ubiquinone | 1990 |
Ethylcholine aziridinium ion depletes acetylcholine and causes muscarinic receptor supersensitivity in rat retina.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Injections; Inositol Phosphates; Male; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Retina; Vitreous Body | 1990 |
Atrophy of cholinergic neurons within the rat nucleus basalis magnocellularis following intracortical AF64A infusion.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Atrophy; Aziridines; Basal Ganglia; Cell Count; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Male; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1990 |
Delayed treatment with nerve growth factor (NGF) reverses ECMA-induced cholinergic lesions in rat brain reaggregate cultures.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Nerve Growth Factors; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats | 1990 |
AF64A depletes hippocampal high-affinity choline uptake but does not alter the density of alpha-bungarotoxin binding sites or modify the effect of exogenous choline.
Topics: alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Animals; Aziridines; Body Weight; Bungarotoxins; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebral Ventricles; Choline; Hippocampus; Infusions, Parenteral; Rats; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reference Values | 1990 |
Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensory interactions in the iris: nerve growth factor regulates cholinergic ciliary ganglion innervation in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Denervation; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Hydroxydopamines; Iris; Nerve Growth Factors; Oxidopamine; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sensation; Substance P; Sympathetic Nervous System; Trigeminal Nerve; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1985 |
Ethylcholine mustard aziridinium blocks the axoplasmic transport of acetylcholinesterase in cholinergic nerve fibres of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Axonal Transport; Aziridines; Azirines; Biological Transport, Active; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Hippocampus; Histocytochemistry; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sciatic Nerve | 1985 |
Changes of cholinergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic synaptic transmission indices elicited by ethylcholine aziridinium ion (AF64A) infused intraventricularly.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Binding Sites; Choline; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Hippocampus; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Injections, Intraventricular; Norepinephrine; Prazosin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serotonin; Synaptic Transmission | 1987 |
Effect of cholinergic deficit induced by ethylcholine aziridinium on serotonergic parameters in rat brain.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Corpus Striatum; Hippocampus; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Hypothalamus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin | 1987 |
Pharmacological characterization of muscarinic receptors mediating inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity in the rat retina.
Topics: (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride; Acetylcholine; Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; Animals; Arecoline; Aziridines; Carbachol; Choline; Colforsin; Cyclic AMP; Male; Oxotremorine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Retina | 1988 |
Non-specific effects of the putative cholinergic neurotoxin ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion in the rat brain examined by autoradiography, immunocytochemistry and gel electrophoresis.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Corpus Striatum; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Myelin Basic Protein; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1988 |
Effect of nerve growth factor and thyrotropin releasing hormone on cholinergic neurones in developing rat brain reaggregate cultures lesioned with ethylcholine mustard aziridinium.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Nerve Growth Factors; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 1989 |
Inhibition of high affinity choline transport attenuates both cholinergic and non-cholinergic effects of ethylcholine aziridinium (AF64A).
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Biogenic Amines; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Hemicholinium 3; Hippocampus; Male; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1989 |
Effects of AF64A on cholinergic neurotransmission in the sixth abdominal ganglion of the cockroach.
Topics: Abdomen; Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Cockroaches; Electric Stimulation; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Hemicholinium 3; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Synaptic Transmission | 1989 |
Selective damage to cochlear efferents by the choline neurotoxin ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion (AF64A) in the chinchilla.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Chinchilla; Choline; Cochlea; Efferent Pathways; Hair Cells, Auditory; Microscopy, Electron; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotoxins | 1989 |
Alpha-bungarotoxin receptors in the CNS.
Topics: alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Animals; Aziridines; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Bungarotoxins; Choline; Nicotine; Parasympathomimetics; Rats; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Nicotinic | 1989 |
AF64 depletes hypothalamic high-affinity choline uptake and disrupts the circadian rhythm of locomotor activity without altering the density of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Bungarotoxins; Choline; Circadian Rhythm; Hypothalamus; Male; Motor Activity; Rats; Receptors, Nicotinic | 1989 |
Hemicholinium-3 prevents the working memory impairments and the cholinergic hypofunction induced by ethylcholine aziridinium ion (AF64A).
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Hemicholinium 3; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Memory Disorders; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1989 |
Beneficial effects of FKS-508 (AF102B), a selective M1 agonist, on the impaired working memory in AF64A-treated rats.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Hippocampus; Learning; Male; Memory; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Oxotremorine; Parasympathomimetics; Quinuclidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Thiophenes | 1989 |
Tacrine or arecoline mediates reversal of anoxia- or AF64A-induced behavioural disorders in the developing rat.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Suckling; Arecoline; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Choline; Female; Hypoxia; Male; Motor Activity; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Parasympathomimetics; Pupil; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Tacrine | 1989 |
The cholinergic neurotoxin ethylcholine mustard aziridinium (AF64A) induces an increase in MAO-B activity in the rat brain.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Dopamine; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Monoamine Oxidase; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors | 1989 |
Noradrenaline depletion protects cholinergic neurons in rat hippocampus against AF64A-induced damage.
Topics: Adrenergic Fibers; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Benzylamines; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Hippocampus; Male; Neurotoxins; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1989 |
Cholinotoxicity induced by ethylcholine aziridinium ion after intracarotid and intracerebroventricular administration.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Biological Transport; Brain; Carotid Arteries; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Corpus Striatum; Hippocampus; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Injections, Intraventricular; Kinetics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptosomes | 1989 |
Recovery of hippocampal cholinergic activity by transplantation of septal neurons in AF64A treated rats.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Transplantation, Homologous | 1989 |
Behavioural and histological effects of low concentrations of intraventricular AF64A.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Choline; Injections, Intraventricular; Learning; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Swimming | 1989 |
Intracortical AF64A: memory impairments and recovery from cholinergic hypofunction.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Biological Transport; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Disease Models, Animal; Memory; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors | 1989 |
Transplantation of septal cholinergic neurons to the hippocampus improves memory impairments of spatial learning in rats treated with AF64A.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Embryo, Mammalian; Hippocampus; Male; Memory; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Septal Nuclei; Spatial Behavior | 1989 |
(+-)-cis-2-methyl-spiro(1,3-oxathiolane-5,3') quinuclidine (AF102B): a new M1 agonist attenuates cognitive dysfunctions in AF64A-treated rats.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Choline; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Design; Male; Molecular Structure; Parasympathomimetics; Quinuclidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Thiophenes | 1989 |
The neurotoxicity of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium (ECMA) in rat brain reaggregate cultures.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; In Vitro Techniques; Intermediate Filaments; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase | 1988 |
The toxic effects of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion on cholinergic cells in the chicken retina.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Chickens; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Colchicine; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Histocytochemistry; Neurotransmitter Agents; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 1987 |
Effects of intracerebroventricular AF64A administration on cholinergic, serotoninergic and catecholaminergic circuitry in rat dorsal hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Biogenic Amines; Catecholamines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Hippocampus; Male; Nerve Fibers; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serotonin; Synaptic Transmission; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1986 |
Biochemical and histological modifications of the rat retina induced by the cholinergic neurotoxin AF64A.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parasympatholytics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Retina | 1988 |
Clonidine prevents transient loss of noradrenaline in response to cholinergic hypofunction induced by ethylcholine aziridinium (AF64A).
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Clonidine; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Kinetics; Male; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1989 |
Evidence for dopamine D-2 receptors on cholinergic interneurons in the rat caudate-putamen.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Caudate Nucleus; Choline; Hemicholinium 3; Interneurons; Male; Putamen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Sulpiride | 1988 |
Ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion (AF64A) impairs cholinergic neuromuscular transmission in the guinea-pig ileum and urinary bladder, and cholinergic neuromodulation in the enteric nervous system of the guinea-pig distal colon.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Carbachol; Choline; Colon; Female; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neuromuscular Junction; Synaptic Transmission; Urinary Bladder | 1986 |
Behavioral differences in the developing rat following postnatal anoxia or postnatally injected AF-64A, a cholinergic neurotoxin.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Azirines; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Choline; Female; Fetal Hypoxia; Male; Motor Activity; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Cholinergic; Stereotyped Behavior | 1988 |
Dose- and time-dependent hippocampal cholinergic lesions induced by ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion: effects of nerve growth factor, GM1 ganglioside, and vitamin E.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; G(M1) Ganglioside; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Nerve Growth Factors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors; Vitamin E | 1988 |
AF64A-induced working memory impairment: behavioral, neurochemical and histological correlates.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Memory Disorders; Rats | 1988 |
Effects of intracerebroventricular injection of AF64A on learning behaviors in rats.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amnesia; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Disease Models, Animal; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Learning; Male; Physostigmine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1988 |
Pharmacological characterization of high affinity choline transporters in primary neuronal cultures in rat brain.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Biological Transport, Active; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Hemicholinium 3; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptosomes | 1988 |
Amelioration of experimental amnesia (passive avoidance failure) in rodents by the selective M1 agonist AF102B.
Topics: Amnesia; Animals; Arecoline; Aziridines; Choline; Male; Memory; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Oxotremorine; Parasympathomimetics; Quinuclidines; Retention, Psychology; Scopolamine; Thiophenes | 1988 |
[Effects of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion (AF64A) administered intraperitoneally on cholinergic nerves in rat brain].
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Brain; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1988 |
Formation and degradation of 1-(ethyl)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl) aziridinium chloride in aqueous media--a comparative NMR study.
Topics: Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Drug Stability; Kinetics; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Solutions | 1988 |
Role of the aziridinium moiety in the in vivo cholinotoxicity of ethylcholine aziridinium ion (AF64A).
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Biological Transport, Active; Choline; Hippocampus; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurotoxins; Physostigmine; Rats; Structure-Activity Relationship; Synaptosomes | 1988 |
Induction of cortical cholinergic hypofunction and memory retention deficits through intracortical AF64A infusions.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Azirines; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Infusions, Parenteral; Male; Memory; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1988 |
Intraventricular administration of the cholinotoxin AF64A increases the accumulation of aluminum in the rat parietal cortex and hippocampus, but not in the frontal cortex.
Topics: Aluminum; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Cerebral Ventricles; Choline; Female; Frontal Lobe; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurotoxins; Parietal Lobe; Rats | 1988 |
The antihypertensive effect of ethylcholine aziridinium (AF64A), a cholinergic neurotoxin, in spontaneously hypertensive rats, following administration into the posterior hypothalamus.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Blood Pressure; Choline; Heart Rate; Hypertension; Hypothalamus; Hypothalamus, Posterior; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Toxins, Biological | 1988 |
A new method for studying working memory by using the three-panel runway apparatus in rats.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Memory; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Scopolamine | 1988 |
Effect of AF64A on the cholinergic systems of the retina and optic tectum of goldfish.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Eye; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Goldfish; Injections; Microscopy, Electron; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotoxins; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Superior Colliculi | 1988 |
AF64A(ethylcholine aziridinium ion)-induced basal forebrain lesion impairs maze performance.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Basal Ganglia; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Discrimination Learning; Hippocampus; Male; Mental Recall; Motor Activity; Neural Pathways; Orientation; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Receptors, Cholinergic; Retention, Psychology; Substantia Innominata; Thermosensing | 1988 |
Cholinotoxicity of the ethylcholine aziridinium ion in primary cultures from rat central nervous system.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Dopamine; Nerve Degeneration; Rats | 1988 |
[Morphological study of the temporal cerebral cortex, the hippocampus and the basal nucleus of Meynart, by light and electron microscopy, after injection of a cholinotoxin in the rat].
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Basal Ganglia; Choline; Hippocampus; Microscopy, Electron; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substantia Innominata; Temporal Lobe; Toxins, Biological | 1987 |
Light and electron microscopical observations in the nucleus basalis of Meynert and in hippocampus of the rat after injection of a cholinotoxin: degeneration and reorganization.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Basal Ganglia; Choline; Hippocampus; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substantia Innominata; Toxins, Biological | 1987 |
Effects of intrahippocampal injections of the cholinergic neurotoxin AF64A on presynaptic cholinergic markers and on passive avoidance response in the rat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Azirines; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Corpus Striatum; Hippocampus; Male; Neurotoxins; Rats | 1987 |
Regional and laminar distribution of nodules in rat cerebral cortex after injection of the cholinergic neurotoxin: AF64A.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Computer Graphics; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Software | 1987 |
Neurochemical effects following AF64A injection into the basal nuclei of rats.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Basal Ganglia; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Neural Pathways; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Septal Nuclei; Substantia Innominata | 1987 |
The effect of the cholinergic neurotoxin ECMA on neural function in brain reaggregate cultures.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1987 |
Selective lesion of neurons in primary cell cultures by MPTP and ethylcholine aziridinium ion (AF64A).
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Autoradiography; Aziridines; Azirines; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Dopamine; Embryo, Mammalian; Mesencephalon; Mice; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Pyridines; Rats; Tritium | 1987 |
Specificity of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium as an irreversible inhibitor of choline transport in cholinergic and noncholinergic tissue.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Erythrocytes; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Kidney; Rats; Synaptosomes | 1987 |
Hippocampal electrical activity in relation to behavior following ethylcholine aziridinium ion (AF64A) treatment.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Cerebral Ventricles; Choline; Electric Conductivity; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Toxins, Biological | 1987 |
Neurochemical and behavioral effects of N-ethyl-acetylcholine aziridinium chloride in mice.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Cerebral Ventricles; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Learning; Male; Memory; Mice; Toxins, Biological | 1987 |
Time course of ethylcholine aziridinium ion (AF64A)-induced cholinotoxicity in vivo.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Corpus Striatum; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors | 1987 |
Reversible and irreversible inhibition of high-affinity choline transport caused by ethylcholine aziridinium ion.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Corpus Striatum; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Neurotoxins; Organ Specificity; Rats; Synaptosomes | 1987 |
Ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion lesions of the rat cortex result in retrograde degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons: implications for animal models of neurodegenerative disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Basal Ganglia; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Cholinergic; Retrograde Degeneration; Substantia Innominata | 1987 |
AF64A (ethylcholine aziridinium ion), a cholinergic neurotoxin, selectively impairs working memory in a multiple component T-maze task.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Memory; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344 | 1987 |
Is ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion a specific cholinergic neurotoxin?
Topics: Animals; Axons; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Brain Mapping; Caudate Nucleus; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Putamen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Cholinergic; Substantia Innominata | 1987 |
Effects of physostigmine on AF64A-induced impairment of learning acquisition in rats.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Physostigmine; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344 | 1987 |
Biochemical and behavioral effects of intrahippocampal AF64A in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Extinction, Psychological; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Hippocampus; Learning; Male; Memory; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spatial Behavior; Superior Colliculi | 1987 |
Effect of cholinergic deficit induced by ethylcholine aziridinium (AF64A) on noradrenergic and dopaminergic parameters in rat brain.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Dopamine; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Microwaves; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1987 |
Immunohistochemical evidence for degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the forebrain of the rat following injection of AF64A-picrylsulfonate into the dorsal hippocampus.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Diencephalon; Disease Models, Animal; Hippocampus; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serotonin; Telencephalon; Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid | 1986 |
Specific toxic effects of ethylcholine nitrogen mustard on cholinergic neurons of the nucleus basalis of Meynert.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Basal Ganglia; Brain Chemistry; Brain Mapping; Catecholamines; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substantia Innominata | 1986 |
Effects of intrahippocampal injections of the cholinergic neurotoxin AF64A on open-field activity and avoidance learning in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Azirines; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Corpus Striatum; Hippocampus; Male; Memory; Motor Activity; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1986 |
Cholinergic neurotoxicity induced by ethylcholine aziridinium (AF64A) in neuron-enriched cultures.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; DNA; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroglia; Telencephalon | 1986 |
Ultrastructural and neurochemical effects of the presumed cholinergic toxin AF64A in the rat interpeduncular nucleus.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain Chemistry; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mesencephalon; Microscopy, Electron; Nerve Degeneration; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptosomes; Time Factors | 1986 |
Hemicholinium mustard derivatives: preliminary assessment of cholinergic neurotoxicity.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Corpus Striatum; Hemicholinium 3; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mechlorethamine; Rats | 1986 |
Effects of AF64A on [3H]acetylcholine synthesis in neuron-enriched primary brain cell cultures.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aziridines; Azirines; Biological Transport; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1986 |
Acute in vivo exposure to ethylcholine aziridinium (AF64A) depresses the secretion of quanta from motor nerve terminals.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Electric Stimulation; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Motor Endplate; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neuromuscular Junction | 1986 |
AF64A: an active site directed irreversible inhibitor of choline acetyltransferase.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Cell Line; Choline; Choline Kinase; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Glioma; Kinetics; Neuroblastoma; Thiosulfates | 1985 |
Intracerebroventricular administration of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion (AF64A) reduces release of acetylcholine from rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Corpus Striatum; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Intraventricular; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rats | 1985 |
Method for the quantitation and characterization of the cholinergic neurotoxin, monoethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion (AF64A).
Topics: Aziridines; Azirines; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Choline; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Drug Stability; Methods | 1985 |
Regional differences in ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion (AF64A)-induced deficits in presynaptic cholinergic markers for the rat central nervous system.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Hemicholinium 3; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Muscarinic; Tritium | 1985 |
Intracerebral injections of AF64A: an animal model of Alzheimer's disease?
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Injections, Intraventricular; Mental Recall; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats | 1985 |
The effects of inhibiting choline dehydrogenase on choline metabolism in mice.
Topics: Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Biological Transport; Brain; Choline; Choline Dehydrogenase; Female; Hexanols; Kidney; Liver; Mice; Oxidation-Reduction | 1985 |
The effects of surgical and chemical lesions on striatal [3H]threo-(+/-)-methylphenidate binding: correlation with [3H]dopamine uptake.
Topics: 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Hydroxydopamines; Kinetics; Male; Methylphenidate; Oxidopamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reserpine; Stereotaxic Techniques; Synaptosomes | 1985 |
AF64A produces long-term cognitive impairments following infusion into the lateral cerebral ventricles or the dorsal hippocampus: involvement of hippocampal cholinergic processes in learning and memory.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Azirines; Benzylamines; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Discrimination Learning; Hippocampus; Hydroxydopamines; Male; Memory; Mental Recall; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Oxidopamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344 | 1985 |
Neurochemistry of aging. 1. Toxins for an animal model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Binding, Competitive; Biological Transport; Brain Chemistry; Choline; Disease Models, Animal; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Models, Molecular; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Receptors, Muscarinic; Structure-Activity Relationship; Synaptosomes; Toxins, Biological | 1986 |
Septohippocampal neurons after intraventricular AF64A administration in rats: an electrophysiological study.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Electrophysiology; Hippocampus; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Septal Nuclei | 1986 |
Neuropathology and amphetamine-induced turning resulting from AF64A injections into the striatum of the rat.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Behavior, Animal; Choline; Corpus Striatum; Male; Motor Activity; Necrosis; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1986 |
Passive avoidance deficits in mice following ethylcholine aziridinium chloride treatment.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Memory; Mice | 1985 |
Selective cholinergic neurotoxin: AF64A's effects in rat striatum.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptic Transmission; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1984 |
Selective inhibition of peripheral cholinergic transmission in the cat produced by AF64A.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Cats; Choline; Electric Stimulation; Female; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Hypoglossal Nerve; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Norepinephrine; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1983 |
Effects of intrastriatal injections of the cholinergic neurotoxin AF64A on spontaneous nocturnal locomotor behavior in the rat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Corpus Striatum; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Humans; Locomotion; Motor Activity; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stereotyped Behavior; Synaptic Transmission | 1984 |
Possible mechanisms involved in the presynaptic cholinotoxicity due to ethylcholine aziridinium (AF64A) in vivo.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Cats; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Choline; Mice; Neurotoxins; Rats; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1984 |
Effect of ethyl choline mustard on choline dehydrogenase and other enzymes of choline metabolism.
Topics: Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Choline Dehydrogenase; Choline Kinase; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Kinetics | 1984 |
Cholinergic lesion of the striatum impairs acquisition and retention of a passive avoidance response.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Corpus Striatum; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Memory; Mental Recall; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Cholinergic; Retention, Psychology | 1984 |
Non-cholinergic neurotoxic effects of AF64A in the substantia nigra.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Aziridines; Azirines; Choline; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Male; Movement; Nucleus Accumbens; Olfactory Bulb; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substantia Nigra | 1984 |
Behavioral and neurochemical effects of intraventricular AF64A administration in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Catecholamines; Choline; Drinking; Eating; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors | 1984 |
AF64A, a cholinergic neurotoxin, selectively depletes acetylcholine in hippocampus and cortex, and produces long-term passive avoidance and radial-arm maze deficits in the rat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Azirines; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Choline; Hippocampus; Male; Memory; Motor Activity; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Retention, Psychology; Space Perception | 1984 |
Effects of the cholinotoxin, AF64A, on neuronal trace-metal distribution in the rat hippocampus and neocortex.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Copper; Female; Functional Laterality; Hippocampus; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Trace Elements; Zinc | 1984 |
Kinetics of irreversible inhibition of choline transport in synaptosomes by ethylcholine mustard aziridinium.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Binding, Competitive; Biological Transport, Active; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Guinea Pigs; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Membrane Transport Proteins; Synaptosomes | 1984 |
Selective presynaptic cholinergic neurotoxicity following intrahippocampal AF64A injection in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Biological Transport; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sodium; Synapses | 1983 |
The AF64a-treated mouse: possible model for central cholinergic hypofunction.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Azirines; Biological Transport; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Corpus Striatum; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Mice; Sodium; Synaptosomes | 1981 |
Long-term central cholinergic hypofunction induced in mice by ethylcholine aziridinium ion (AF64A) in vivo.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Aziridines; Azirines; Brain; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Female; Mice; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate | 1982 |
AF64A (ethylcholine mustard aziridinium) impairs acquisition and performance of a spatial, but not a cued water maze task: relation to cholinergic hypofunction.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Cues; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Escape Reaction; Hippocampus; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Male; Mental Recall; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Norepinephrine; Orientation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Septum Pellucidum; Serotonin; Swimming; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Long-term exposure to high levels of corticosterone aggravates AF64A-induced cholinergic hypofunction in rat hippocampus in vivo.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Adrenalectomy; Animals; Aziridines; Body Weight; Cerebral Ventricles; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Corticosterone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Implants; Drug Synergism; Female; Hippocampus; Hydrocortisone; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Infusions, Parenteral; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin; Stereotaxic Techniques; Time Factors | 1994 |
[Three simple maze tests employing mice housed in maze apparatuses].
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Male; Maze Learning; Methods; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Trimethyltin Compounds | 1995 |
Lesion with the neurotoxin AF64A alters hippocampal cholinergic receptor function.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Neurotoxins; Nicotine; Oxotremorine; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Cholinergic; Stimulation, Chemical | 1995 |
Effect of nerve growth factor in ethylcholine mustard aziridinium (AF64A)-treated rats: sensitization of cholinergic enzyme activity in the septohippocampal pathway.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Body Weight; Choline; Hippocampus; Male; Nerve Growth Factors; Neural Pathways; Neurotoxins; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reference Values; Septum Pellucidum | 1995 |
AF150(S): a new functionally selective M1 agonist improves cognitive performance in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Choline; Cognition; Exploratory Behavior; Ibuprofen; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Muscarinic Agonists; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stimulation, Chemical | 1995 |
Role of glucocorticoids in the cholinergic degeneration in rat hippocampus induced by ethylcholine aziridinium (AF64A).
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenalectomy; Animals; Aziridines; Cerebral Ventricles; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Corticosterone; Dexamethasone; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Hippocampus; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotoxins; Norepinephrine; Organ Specificity; Parietal Lobe; Pyramidal Tracts; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reference Values; Serotonin | 1993 |
Hemicholinium-3 (HC3) blocks the effects of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium (AF64A) in the developing rat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Hemicholinium 3; Male; Rats | 1994 |
MKC-231, a choline uptake enhancer, ameliorates working memory deficits and decreased hippocampal acetylcholine induced by ethylcholine aziridinium ion in mice.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Amnesia; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Choline Deficiency; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Hippocampus; Indoles; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Pyridines; Quinolines; Synaptic Transmission; Tacrine | 1994 |
The use of the rat iris as a model system to evaluate the effect of the cholinotoxin, AF64A, in vivo.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Iris; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Pupil; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1995 |
AF64A disrupts retrieval processes in long-term memory of mice.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Mental Processes; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neurotoxins; Time Factors | 1995 |
Essential fatty acid preparation (SR-3) rehabilitates learning deficits induced by AF64A and 5,7-DHT.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Fatty Acids; Learning Disabilities; Male; Maze Learning; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors; Tryptamines | 1995 |
AF64A affects septal choline acetyltransferase but not parvalbumin immunoreactive cells.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Cerebral Ventricles; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Frontal Lobe; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Infusions, Parenteral; Limbic System; Male; Neurons; Parvalbumins; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Septum Pellucidum; Toxins, Biological | 1994 |
Effects of bilateral cholinotoxin infusions on the behavior and brain biochemistry of the rats.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Catecholamines; Choline; Emotions; Ibotenic Acid; Injections; Kainic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Substantia Innominata | 1994 |
Cholinotoxic effects on acetylcholinesterase gene expression are associated with brain-region specific alterations in G,C-rich transcripts.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aziridines; Base Sequence; Brain; Butyrylcholinesterase; Cerebral Ventricles; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; DNA Primers; Gene Expression; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Time Factors; Transcription, Genetic | 1994 |
Effects of nefiracetam on deficits in active avoidance response and hippocampal cholinergic and monoaminergic dysfunctions induced by AF64A in mice.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Biogenic Monoamines; Brain Chemistry; Choline; Electroshock; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Learning Disabilities; Male; Mice; Motor Activity; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Phosphatidylcholines; Pyrrolidinones; Random Allocation; Retention, Psychology; Single-Blind Method; Synaptic Transmission | 1994 |
AF64A-induced brain damage and its relation to dementia.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Brain Damage, Chronic; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Corticosterone; Feedback; Female; Glucocorticoids; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurotoxins; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin; Sex Characteristics; Somatostatin; Synaptic Vesicles | 1994 |
Behavioral and neuroanatomical consequences of a unilateral intraventricular infusion of AF64A and limitations on the neuroprotective effects of nimodipine.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Choline; Emotions; Hippocampus; Histocytochemistry; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Maze Learning; Motor Activity; Neural Pathways; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Nimodipine; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor | 1994 |
Roles of endogenous cholinergic neurons in the induction of long-term potentiation at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Carbachol; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Agents; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Nerve Fibers; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Pirenzepine; Synapses | 1994 |
Impairment of spatial working memory of rats in radial maze performance induced by ethylcholine mustard aziridinium picrylsulfonate (AF64A-P): retention curve analysis.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Hippocampus; Learning; Male; Memory; Oxotremorine; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Retention, Psychology | 1994 |
Possible involvement of central cholinergic system in ameliorating effects of indeloxazine, a cerebral activator, on disturbance of learning behavior in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Basal Ganglia; Brain Chemistry; Choline; Male; Microdialysis; Morpholines; Motor Activity; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Pain Measurement; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Scopolamine | 1994 |
AF64A lesions of mouse striatum result in ipsilateral rotations to D2 dopamine agonists but contralateral rotations to muscarinic cholinergic agonists.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Atropine; Aziridines; Benzazepines; Choline; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine Agents; Functional Laterality; Male; Mice; Motor Activity; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Oxotremorine; Parasympathomimetics; Pergolide; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Muscarinic; Rotation; Sulpiride | 1993 |
Sex differences and estrous cycle-variations in the AF64A-induced cholinergic deficit in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Estrus; Female; Hippocampus; Male; Neurotoxins; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sex Characteristics | 1993 |
Morphological assessment of ethyl choline mustard aziridinium-induced neurotoxicity in rat brain reaggregate cultures.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Female; Microscopy, Electron; Nervous System Diseases; Neuroglia; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Pregnancy; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Synaptic Vesicles | 1993 |
Messenger RNA levels of chromogranin B, secretogranin II, and VGF in rat brain after AF64A-induced septohippocampal cholinergic lesions.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amygdala; Animals; Autoradiography; Aziridines; Brain; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Chromogranin B; Chromogranins; Gene Expression; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Organ Specificity; Protein Biosynthesis; Proteins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Sulfur Radioisotopes | 1993 |
Reduction in striatal D2 dopamine receptor mRNA and binding following AF64A lesions.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Aziridines; Base Sequence; Benzazepines; Caudate Nucleus; Choline; In Situ Hybridization; Molecular Sequence Data; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Putamen; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; RNA, Messenger | 1993 |
Vitamin E prevents the place learning deficit and the cholinergic hypofunction induced by AF64A.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Learning Disabilities; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Space Perception; Vitamin E | 1994 |
Alterations in modulation of acetylcholine release following lesion of hippocampal cholinergic neurons with the neurotoxin AF64A.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Electric Stimulation; Hippocampus; Male; Neurons; Physostigmine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1993 |
Damage to cochlear efferents following AF64A intoxication.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Cell Membrane; Cell Survival; Chinchilla; Choline; Cochlea; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hair Cells, Auditory; Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner; Mitochondria; Nerve Degeneration; Nerve Endings; Nerve Fibers; Neural Pathways; Neurons, Efferent; Organ of Corti; Spiral Ganglion; Synapses; Toxins, Biological; Vacuoles | 1993 |
Effects of indeloxazine hydrochloride, a cerebral activator, on passive avoidance learning impaired by disruption of cholinergic transmission in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Basal Ganglia; Brain Chemistry; Choline; Dialysis; Male; Morpholines; Motor Activity; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Pain; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Scopolamine; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Recovery of [3H]acetylcholine synthesis after AF64A-treatment in primary, neuron-enriched, rat septal-hippocampal and striatal cultures.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Cell Count; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Corpus Striatum; Glycosylation; Hippocampus; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Septum Pellucidum; Tritium | 1993 |
Effects of sustained release formulation of thyrotropin-releasing hormone on learning impairments caused by scopolamine and AF64A in rodents.
Topics: Amnesia; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Brain; Choline; Delayed-Action Preparations; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Learning; Male; Memory; Mice; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Scopolamine; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 1993 |
Cholinergic lesions of mouse striatum induced by AF64A alter D2 dopaminergic behavior and reduce D2 dopamine receptors and D2 dopamine receptor mRNA.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Choline; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Hemicholinium 3; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Receptors, Dopamine D2; RNA, Messenger; Stereotyped Behavior; Toxins, Biological | 1993 |
Alpha-sialyl cholesterol reverses AF64A-induced deficit in passive avoidance response and depletion of hippocampal acetylcholine in mice.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Cholesterol Esters; Choline; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Motor Activity; Scopolamine; Sialic Acids; Toxins, Biological | 1993 |
Direct cytotoxicity of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium in cerebral microvascular endothelial cells.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Biological Transport; Brain; Cattle; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Endothelium, Vascular; Hemicholinium 3; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Microcirculation; Neuroblastoma; Toxins, Biological; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1993 |
Improving effect of acetylcholine receptor agonists on a deficit of 2-deoxyglucose uptake in cerebral cortical and hippocampal slices in aged and AF64A-treated rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Aging; Animals; Aziridines; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebral Ventricles; Choline; Deoxyglucose; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Nicotine; Oxotremorine; Parasympathomimetics; Physostigmine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Cholinergic; Scopolamine | 1993 |
Partial restoration of choline acetyltransferase activities in aging and AF64A-lesioned rat brains by vitamin E.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Aziridines; Brain; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Corpus Striatum; Frontal Lobe; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Vitamin E | 1993 |
Spatial learning impairment in aged rats: comparing between aged basal forebrain lesioned and normal aged rats.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Aging; Animals; Aziridines; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Coloring Agents; Kinetics; Male; Maze Learning; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Piperidines; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Space Perception | 1995 |
Neuroprotective strategy for Alzheimer disease: intranasal administration of a fatty neuropeptide.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Aziridines; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Learning; Lipids; Male; Memory; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Parasympatholytics; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Solubility; Structure-Activity Relationship; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1996 |
Distinct profile of working memory errors following acute or chronic disruption of the cholinergic septohippocampal pathway.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Brain Mapping; Chlordiazepoxide; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; GABA Modulators; Hippocampus; Male; Maze Learning; Mental Recall; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Retention, Psychology; Septum Pellucidum | 1995 |
Huperzine A ameliorates the spatial working memory impairments induced by AF64A.
Topics: Alkaloids; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Neurotoxins; Psychomotor Performance; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sesquiterpenes | 1995 |
Effect of the novel high affinity choline uptake enhancer 2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-N-(2,3-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b] quinolin-4-yl)acetoamide on deficits of water maze learning in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aziridines; Body Temperature; Choline; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Maze Learning; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Nootropic Agents; Quinolines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic; Salivation; Tacrine; Tremor | 1996 |
[Effects of AF64A on neurons containing both nitric oxide synthase and choline acetyltransferase in the rat septal complex].
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Hippocampus; Male; Neurons; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Septal Nuclei | 1996 |
Age-dependent effect of AF64A on cholinergic activity in the septo-hippocampal pathway of the rat brain: decreased responsiveness in aged rats.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Antagonists; Cholinergic Fibers; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Induction; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Septum Pellucidum | 1996 |
Oxidative stress in the brain following intraventricular administration of ethylcholine aziridinium (AF64A).
Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Aziridines; Biological Transport; Brain; Choline; Free Radicals; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Iron; Male; Models, Neurological; Neurotoxins; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances | 1996 |
Modulation of hippocampal norepinephrine release by cholinergic agonists is altered by AF64A lesion.
Topics: (4-(m-Chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyl)trimethylammonium Chloride; Animals; Aziridines; Binding Sites; Choline; Cholinergic Agonists; Cholinergic Antagonists; Electric Stimulation; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nicotine; Norepinephrine; Oxotremorine; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1997 |
Effects of selective catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors on single-trial passive avoidance retention in male rats.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Benzophenones; Brain Mapping; Catechol O-Methyltransferase; Catechol O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors; Catechols; Choline; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extinction, Psychological; Male; Mental Recall; Neural Pathways; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Nitriles; Nitrophenols; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Retention, Psychology; Scopolamine; Substantia Innominata; Tolcapone | 1997 |
Moderate lesion of the rat cholinergic septohippocampal pathway increases hippocampal nerve growth factor synthesis: evidence for long-term compensatory changes?
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Cerebral Ventricles; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Dentate Gyrus; Hippocampus; In Situ Hybridization; Infusions, Parenteral; Male; Nerve Growth Factors; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Time Factors; Transcription, Genetic | 1997 |
Involvement of cholinergic neurons in the release of dopamine elicited by stimulation of mu-opioid receptors in striatum.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Analgesics; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Corpus Striatum; Diamines; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Homovanillic Acid; Infusions, Parenteral; Interneurons; Kinetics; Male; Microdialysis; Neurotoxins; Parasympatholytics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Synaptosomes | 1997 |
Induction of apoptosis in vitro and in vivo by the cholinergic neurotoxin ethylcholine aziridinium.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Aziridines; Cells, Cultured; Choline; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1997 |
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor induced stimulation of septal choline acetyltransferase activity in ethylcholine mustard aziridinium treated rats.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Microinjections; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Septal Nuclei; Toxins, Biological | 1997 |
Serotonin and acetylcholine are crucial to maintain hippocampal synapses and memory acquisition in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Electric Stimulation; Fenclonine; Hippocampus; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Synapses | 1997 |
Nucleus accumbens and body weight regulation: neurochemical lesions.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Body Weight; Catecholamines; Choline; Dopamine; Feeding Behavior; Ibotenic Acid; Neurotoxins; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats | 1997 |
The hybrid modulatory/pattern generating N1L interneuron in the buccal feeding system of Lymnaea is cholinergic.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Cheek; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Eating; Electrophysiology; Hexamethonium; Interneurons; Lymnaea; Neural Pathways; Nicotinic Antagonists; Synapses; Toxins, Biological; Tubocurarine | 1995 |
Arecoline via miniosmotic pump improves AF64A-impaired radial maze performance in rats: a possible model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Arecoline; Aziridines; Brain; Brain Mapping; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hippocampus; Infusion Pumps, Implantable; Male; Maze Learning; Mental Recall; Muscarinic Agonists; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retention, Psychology | 1997 |
Effects of ethylcholine mustard azirinium ion (AF64A) on the choline acetyltransferase and nitric oxide synthase activities in mesopontine cholinergic neurons of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Male; NADPH Dehydrogenase; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Pons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1998 |
Effects of tacrine on deficits in active avoidance performance induced by AF64A in rats.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Choline; Hippocampus; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Nootropic Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tacrine | 1998 |
NOS expression in nigral cells after excitotoxic and non-excitotoxic lesion of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Biomarkers; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Microinjections; NADP; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Pons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substantia Nigra | 1997 |
Alteration of cholinergic pressor and antinociceptive responses in rats pretreated with the cholinergic toxin AF64A.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Choline; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Female; Male; Maze Learning; Muscarinic Agonists; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Oxotremorine; Pain Measurement; Physostigmine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1998 |
Protection against developmental deficiencies by a lipophilic VIP analogue.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Hypoxia; Intellectual Disability; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Space Perception; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1998 |
AF64A-induced changes in N-myc expression in the LA-N-2 human neuroblastoma cell line are modulated by choline and hemicholinium-3.
Topics: Aziridines; Cell Division; Cell Survival; Choline; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Hemicholinium 3; Humans; Kinetics; Neuroblastoma; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1998 |
Direct regulation of acetylcholine release by N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors in rat striatum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Interneurons; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Piperazines; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tritium | 1998 |
Cholinergic amacrine cells are not required for the progression and atropine-mediated suppression of form-deprivation myopia.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Aziridines; Cell Survival; Chickens; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Depression, Chemical; DNA Fragmentation; Form Perception; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myopia; Quisqualic Acid; Retina; Toxins, Biological | 1998 |
Comparative studies of huperzine A, E2020, and tacrine on behavior and cholinesterase activities.
Topics: Alkaloids; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterases; Donepezil; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Indans; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Memory, Short-Term; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Piperidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sesquiterpenes; Tacrine | 1998 |
Effects of early postnatal AF64A treatment on passive avoidance response and radial maze learning in rats.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Corpus Striatum; Dentate Gyrus; Female; Hippocampus; Learning; Male; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344 | 1998 |
Effects of N-[2-(1-azabicyclo[3,3,0]octan-5-yl)ethyl]2-nitroaniline fumarate (SK-946), a novel cognition activator, on learning and memory in rodent models.
Topics: Aging; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Choline; Electric Stimulation; Learning; Male; Memory; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Motor Activity; Muscarinic Agonists; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Nootropic Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Muscarinic | 1998 |
Striatal transplants prevent AF64A-induced retention deficits.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Brain Tissue Transplantation; Choline; Fetal Tissue Transplantation; Male; Memory Disorders; Memory, Short-Term; Motor Activity; Neostriatum; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Transplantation, Homologous | 1998 |
Modulation of acetylcholine release via GABAA and GABAB receptors in rat striatum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Bicuculline; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Corpus Striatum; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Protein Binding; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B; Toxins, Biological; Tritium | 1999 |
Septohippocampal adaptive GABAergic responses by AF64A treatment.
Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Aziridines; Binding, Competitive; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Flunitrazepam; GABA Modulators; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Kinetics; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Septal Nuclei | 1999 |
Effects of AF64A on gene expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the septo-hippocampal pathway and striatum in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Base Sequence; Cerebral Ventricles; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Corpus Striatum; Gene Expression Regulation; Hippocampus; Infusions, Parenteral; Models, Neurological; Molecular Sequence Data; Neural Pathways; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Septum Pellucidum; Transcription, Genetic | 1999 |
Effects of aluminum potassium sulfate on learning, memory, and cholinergic system in mice.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alum Compounds; Aluminum; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Male; Memory; Mice; Retention, Psychology | 1998 |
Neurochemical determination of the location of NMDA and GABA receptors on rat striatal cholinergic neurons.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Bicuculline; Binding, Competitive; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Corpus Striatum; Cytological Techniques; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Piperazines; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tritium | 1999 |
The preclinical pharmacological profile of WAY-132983, a potent M1 preferring agonist.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cognition; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Female; Frontal Lobe; Hippocampus; Hypothermia; Macaca mulatta; Male; Mice; Muscarinic Agonists; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Pyrazines; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Salivation; Scopolamine; Thiadiazoles; Time Factors; Visual Cortex | 2000 |
N-acetylserotonin, melatonin and their derivatives improve cognition and protect against beta-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Choline; Cognition; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Male; Melatonin; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Nootropic Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin | 1999 |
Bis(7)-tacrine, a novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, reverses AF64A-induced deficits in navigational memory in rats.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Escape Reaction; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Tacrine; Toxins, Biological | 2000 |
The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and the role of cholinergic neurons in nicotine self-administration in the rat: a correlative neuroanatomical and behavioral study.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Denervation; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Ibotenic Acid; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Pons; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Self Administration; Tegmentum Mesencephali; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2000 |
Role of nitric oxide in the ethylcholine aziridinium model of delayed apoptotic neurodegeneration in vivo and in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Aziridines; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebral Ventricles; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Fetus; Frontal Lobe; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Septum of Brain; Toxins, Biological | 2000 |
Activity-dependent neurotrophic factor: intranasal administration of femtomolar-acting peptides improve performance in a water maze.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Animals; Aziridines; Biological Availability; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Drug Stability; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Nerve Growth Factor; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2000 |
Cholinergic influence on vestibular stimulation-induced locus coeruleus inhibition in rats.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Caloric Tests; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Disease Models, Animal; Electrodes, Implanted; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Motion Sickness; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Scopolamine; Time Factors; Vestibule, Labyrinth | 2000 |
Melatonin is protective in necrotic but not in caspase-dependent, free radical-independent apoptotic neuronal cell death in primary neuronal cultures.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Aziridines; Caspase Inhibitors; Caspases; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Cyclic N-Oxides; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Inhibitors; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Glucose; Hypoxia; Melatonin; Necrosis; Neurons; Nitrogen Oxides; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Staurosporine; Thiourea | 2000 |
Molecular analysis of non-specific supersensitivity induced by AF64A in rat iris smooth muscle.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Calcium; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Calmodulin; Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; Calponins; Choline; Iris; Microfilament Proteins; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Signal Transduction | 2000 |
Dimebon improves learning in animals with experimental Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Choline; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Disease Models, Animal; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Indoles; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tacrine | 2000 |
Glucocorticoid hypersecretion following intracerebroventricular injection of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion in rats.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Corticosterone; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Organ Size; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Restraint, Physical; Stress, Physiological | 2001 |
Functional dissociation of striatal and hippocampal cholinergic systems in egocentric and allocentric localization: effect of overtraining.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Conditioning, Operant; Corpus Striatum; Depression, Chemical; Hippocampus; Male; Memory; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Space Perception | 2000 |
Role of cholinergic mossy fibers in medial vestibular and prepositus hypoglossal nuclei in vestibular compensation.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Cerebellum; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Immunohistochemistry; Nerve Fibers; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Recovery of Function; Vestibular Diseases; Vestibular Nuclei; Vestibule, Labyrinth | 2001 |
Effect of AF64A, a cholinergic neurotoxin, on footshock stimulation-induced locus coeruleus excitation in rats.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Electric Stimulation; Learning; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2001 |
Differential mechanisms of neuroprotection by 17 beta-estradiol in apoptotic versus necrotic neurodegeneration.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Aziridines; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Estradiol; Estrogen Antagonists; Estrogen Receptor alpha; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Necrosis; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Estrogen; Septum of Brain; Staurosporine; Time Factors | 2001 |
Serotonergic lesion of median raphe nucleus alters nerve growth factor content and vulnerability of cholinergic septohippocampal neurons in rat.
Topics: 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine; Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Biomarkers; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Drug Resistance; Hippocampus; Male; Nerve Growth Factors; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Septum Pellucidum; Serotonin; Serotonin Agents | 2001 |
Impairments of learning and memory following intracerebroventricular administration of AF64A in rats.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Choline; Injections, Intraventricular; Learning; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2001 |
Neuroprotective and cognition-enhancing properties of MK-801 flexible analogs. Structure-activity relationships.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Dizocilpine Maleate; Learning; Male; Mice; Motor Activity; Neuroprotective Agents; Nootropic Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2001 |
An obligatory role for spinal cholinergic neurons in the antiallodynic effects of clonidine after peripheral nerve injury.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Choline; Clonidine; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Rats; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Spinal Cord; Yohimbine | 2001 |
Spinal endogenous acetylcholine contributes to the analgesic effect of systemic morphine in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Atropine; Aziridines; Carrier Proteins; Choline; Cholinergic Agents; Hemicholinium 3; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mecamylamine; Membrane Transport Proteins; Morphine; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Pain Measurement; Protein Binding; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Spinal Cord | 2001 |
Influences of cholinergic neurotoxin ethylcholine aziridinium ion on circadian rhythms in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Aging; Animals; Aziridines; Body Temperature Regulation; Choline; Cholinergic Fibers; Circadian Rhythm; Injections, Intraventricular; Motor Activity; Neurotoxins; Rats; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus | 2001 |
Effects of repeated administration of (-)-nicotine on AF64A-induced learning and memory impairment in rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Hippocampus; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Memory Disorders; Motor Activity; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neuroprotective Agents; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2002 |
Effect of morphine-induced antinociception is altered by AF64A-induced lesions on cholinergic neurons in rat nucleus raphe magnus.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Male; Morphine; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Pain; Pain Threshold; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2002 |
Dose-dependent effect of cholinotoxin AF64A on the cholinergic elements of the cingulum bundle in rat.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gyrus Cinguli; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Toxins, Biological | 2003 |
Role of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase in the progression of neuronal cell death in vitro and following cerebral ischaemia in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Aziridines; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Dicumarol; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Drug Synergism; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hydroquinones; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); NADPH Dehydrogenase; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2003 |
Comparison of the effect of NT-0409 and antidementia drugs on learning and memory in rats with chronic cerebral cholinergic deficiency.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Brain; Choline; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Male; Maze Learning; Memantine; Memory; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA | 2003 |
Plasticity in action of intrathecal clonidine to mechanical but not thermal nociception after peripheral nerve injury.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics; Animals; Atropine; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Choline; Clonidine; Hot Temperature; Injections, Spinal; Ligation; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurotoxins; Pain; Pain Measurement; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Pressure; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2003 |
Neuronal gelsolin prevents apoptosis by enhancing actin depolymerization.
Topics: Actin Cytoskeleton; Animals; Apoptosis; Aziridines; Calcium Channels; Calcium Signaling; Caspase 3; Caspases; Cells, Cultured; Choline; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Fetus; Gelsolin; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mitochondria; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Polymers | 2004 |
Protection against inflammatory neurodegeneration and glial cell death by 7beta-hydroxy epiandrosterone, a novel neurosteroid.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Aziridines; Cell Death; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalitis; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Gliosis; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroglia; Neuroprotective Agents; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Septal Nuclei; tau Proteins | 2004 |
The effects of estrogens on learning in rats with chronic brain cholinergic deficiency in a Morris water test. Identification of the "passive swimming" component.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; Aziridines; Brain; Castration; Choline; Cholinergic Antagonists; Estradiol; Estradiol Congeners; Free Radical Scavengers; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Memory Disorders; Organ Size; Prostate; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Receptors, Cholinergic; Seminal Vesicles; Swimming; Thymus Gland | 2004 |
Glycosaminoglycan C3 protects against AF64A-induced cholinotoxicity in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Cell Death; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cholinergic Fibers; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Glycosaminoglycans; Heparinoids; Hippocampus; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344 | 2004 |
Low molecular weight glycosaminoglycan C3 attenuates AF64A-stimulated, low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor-immunoreactive axonal varicosities in the rat septum.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Aziridines; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Complement C3; Drug Interactions; Gene Expression Regulation; Glycosaminoglycans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Neural Inhibition; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; Septum of Brain | 2005 |
Low intracerebroventricular doses of cholinotoxin AF64A do not affect the morphology of gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone (GnRH)-immunoreactive fibers in the rat septum.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Cell Size; Choline; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Septum Pellucidum; Toxins, Biological | 2005 |
Effects of selegiline alone or with donepezil on memory impairment in rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Choline; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Donepezil; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Escape Reaction; Fenclonine; Indans; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Piperidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Reaction Time; Scopolamine; Selegiline; Time Factors | 2005 |
FTY720 ameliorates Th1-mediated colitis in mice by directly affecting the functional activity of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, CD; Antigens, Differentiation; Aziridines; Cell Differentiation; Choline; Colitis; CTLA-4 Antigen; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Fingolimod Hydrochloride; Forkhead Transcription Factors; Immunosuppressive Agents; Inflammation; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Propylene Glycols; Sphingosine; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory; Th1 Cells | 2007 |
The role of the nucleus basalis of Meynert and reticular thalamic nucleus in pathogenesis of genetically determined absence epilepsy in rats: a lesion study.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Aziridines; Basal Nucleus of Meynert; Behavior, Animal; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Absence; Functional Laterality; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1; Saporins; Thalamic Nuclei | 2007 |
Differential expression of inflammatory and fibrogenic genes and their regulation by NF-kappaB inhibition in a mouse model of chronic colitis.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Choline; Chronic Disease; Colitis, Ulcerative; Crohn Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Matrix; Female; Fibrosis; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation; Inflammation; Macrophages; Mice; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neutrophil Infiltration; Neutrophils; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Time Factors; Transcription Factor RelA | 2007 |
MKC-231, a choline uptake enhancer: (2) Effect on synthesis and release of acetylcholine in AF64A-treated rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Microdialysis; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Potassium; Quinolines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptosomes; Tacrine; Tritium | 2008 |
MKC-231, a choline-uptake enhancer: (1) long-lasting cognitive improvement after repeated administration in AF64A-treated rats.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Carbon Isotopes; Choline; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Interactions; Hippocampus; Learning Disabilities; Male; Maze Learning; Quinolines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptosomes; Time Factors | 2008 |
MKC-231, a choline uptake enhancer: (3) Mode of action of MKC-231 in the enhancement of high-affinity choline uptake.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Cell Membrane; Chlorocebus aethiops; Choline; COS Cells; Drug Interactions; Hemicholinium 3; Hippocampus; Male; Membrane Transport Proteins; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Protein Binding; Quinolines; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptosomes; Transfection; Tritium | 2008 |
Effects of estrogen on AF64A-induced apoptosis in NG108-15 cells.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Apoptosis; Aziridines; Cell Line, Tumor; Choline; Cholinergic Agents; Estradiol; Hemicholinium 3; Hybridomas; MAP Kinase Kinase 1; Mice; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; Rats; Receptors, Estrogen; Signal Transduction | 2009 |
Nicotine improves AF64A-induced spatial memory deficits in Morris water maze in rats.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Escape Reaction; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Spatial Behavior | 2010 |
Piperine, the main alkaloid of Thai black pepper, protects against neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment in animal model of cognitive deficit like condition of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alkaloids; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Benzodioxoles; Choline; Cognition Disorders; Donepezil; Hippocampus; Indans; Injections, Intraventricular; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Malondialdehyde; Maze Learning; Nerve Degeneration; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neuroprotective Agents; Nootropic Agents; Piper nigrum; Piperidines; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Rats; Space Perception; Thailand | 2010 |
Increases in serotonergic neuronal activity following intracerebroventricular administration of AF64A in rats.
Topics: Animals; Aziridines; Brain; Choline; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Monoamine Oxidase; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Tryptophan Hydroxylase | 2010 |
Changes in activity of proline-specific peptidases in rat model for dementia of Alzheimer's type.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amnesia; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4; Hippocampus; Male; Prolyl Oligopeptidases; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Scopolamine; Serine Endopeptidases; Statistics, Nonparametric | 2012 |
The anterior and posterior pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus are involved in behavior and neuronal activity of the cuneiform and entopeduncular nuclei.
Topics: Action Potentials; Alpha Rhythm; Animals; Aziridines; Beta Rhythm; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Electrocorticography; Electrodes, Implanted; Entopeduncular Nucleus; Gait; Male; Microelectrodes; Motor Activity; Motor Cortex; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Neurons; Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus; Posture; Random Allocation; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rotarod Performance Test | 2016 |
A silk peptide fraction restores cognitive function in AF64A-induced Alzheimer disease model rats by increasing expression of choline acetyltransferase gene.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Aziridines; Cell Line, Tumor; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Insect Proteins; Male; Maze Learning; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Silk | 2017 |
Contribution of Na
Topics: Action Potentials; Aniline Compounds; Animals; Aziridines; Choline; Cholinergic Antagonists; Electroretinography; Furans; Glycine Agents; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microelectrodes; NAV1.8 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel; Neurons; Periodicity; Photic Stimulation; Retina; Sodium Channel Blockers; Strychnine; Tissue Culture Techniques; Vision, Ocular | 2017 |
Wave-Like Dose-Dependence of the Stimulating Effects of Dimebon on Cognition in a Wide Dose Range.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aziridines; Biological Clocks; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Choline; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Indoles; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pattern Recognition, Physiological; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2019 |