cellulase and sinapinic-acid

Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is the preferred method of enhancing the phenolic content of oats, while scientific optimization for improving specific phenolic compounds is limited. In this study, sequential targeting of phenolic conversion in simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) of oats was investigated. The results revealed that SHF with adding cellulase at 0, 6 and 12 days could increase the total phenolic content by 4.4%, 67.8% and 59.1%, respectively, over that of SSF. The α-amylase and CMCase activity were highly correlated with the soluble and insoluble phenolic contents in SHF (-6 and -12) systems (r > 0.8, p < 0.05). Interestingly, the content of phenolic fraction, such as ferulic acid, was up-regulated, whereas sinapic acid was down-regulated. These results indicated that the phenolic conversion occurred in SHF, resulting in variation in DPPH and ABTS

Topics: Amylases; Antioxidants; Avena; Cellulase; Coumaric Acids; Edible Grain; Fermentation; Hydrolysis; Phenols

Graphene oxide (GO)-modified sinapinic acid (3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid, SA) (SA@GO) was synthesized and characterized; it was then investigated as a new surface assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) for proteomics and pathogenic bacteria biosensing. SA@GO could effectively decrease the time necessary for sweet spotting searching, reducing the amount of organic matrix and solvent and enhance the sensitivity. SA@GO shows high performance as a matrix alone without the need to add trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). However, the analysis of the intact bacteria cells shows improvement in the signal intensity (2-5 fold) and offers a low limit of detection. All these analyses could be performed with low concentrations (1-10 fmol) and tiny volumes (0.5-1 μL). This study demonstrated that the exploration of new hybrid materials is pivotal to achieve high performance and high ionization. Because of the plane of GO, it assists protein-protein interactions that make it undergo softer ionization.

Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Cellulase; Coumaric Acids; Fluorescence; Graphite; Humans; Lactalbumin; Lasers; Muramidase; Nanocomposites; Proteomics; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Trypsin