cedrene and cadinol

The composition of essential oil isolated from Senecio nudicaulis Wall. ex DC. growing wild in Himachal Pradesh, India, was analysed, for the first time, by capillary gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry. A total of 30 components representing 95.3% of the total oil were identified. The essential oil was characterised by a high content of oxygenated sesquiterpenes (54.97%) with caryophyllene oxide (24.99%) as the major component. Other significant constituents were humulene epoxide-II (21.25%), α-humulene (18.75%), β-caryophyllene (9.67%), epi-α-cadinol (2.90%), epi-α-muurolol (2.03%), β-cedrene (1.76%), longiborneol (1.76%), 1-tridecene (1.16%) and citronellol (1.13%). The oil was screened for antioxidant activity using DPPH, ABTS and nitric oxide-scavenging assay. The oil was found to exhibit significant antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH, ABTS and nitric oxide radicals with IC50 values of 10.61 ± 0.14 μg mL(- 1), 11.85 ± 0.28 μg mL(- 1) and 11.29 ± 0.42 μg mL(- 1), respectively.

Topics: Acyclic Monoterpenes; Alkenes; Antioxidants; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; India; Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; Monoterpenes; Oils, Volatile; Plant Oils; Plants, Medicinal; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Senecio; Sesquiterpenes; Terpenes

Essential oils of Schisandra chinensis seeds and berries without seeds were separately extracted. A total of 55 compounds were identified in the essential oil of berries without seeds (EOB), representing 85.75% of the total content. A total of 52 compounds were identified in the essential oil of seeds (EOS), representing 89.74% of the total content. For EOB, the top three content compounds were α-cis-bergamotene (10.79%), 4,11-selinadiene (5.28%) and α-cadinol (5.19%), while the top three content compounds of EOS were ylangene (10.16%), β-himachalene (9.46%) and di-epi-α-cedrene (8.92%). The antioxidant activity of the essential oil was tested using the DPPH radical-scavenging method. The antioxidant activity of EOB was higher than EOS. The IC(50) values of EOB and EOS were 8.4 and 15.8 mg/mL, respectively. This study concluded that EOB and EOS were not only different in extraction yield but also in chemical composition and antioxidant activity.

Topics: Antioxidants; Biphenyl Compounds; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Free Radical Scavengers; Fruit; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Oils, Volatile; Picrates; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Schisandra; Seeds; Sesquiterpenes; Terpenes