caryophyllene-oxide and hexahydrofarnesylacetone

The chemical composition of volatile oil obtained from aerial parts of Pavonia odorata were investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Its aroma-active compounds were identified using gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) and aroma extraction dilution analysis (AEDA). In order to determine the relative contribution of each compound to the aroma of P. odorata, relative flavour activity (RFA) was calculated. The hydrodistillation of P. odorata afforded yellowish oil and the yield was 0.009% (w/w) with a spicy, sweet, and green odour. Eighty-five compounds were identified in the oil by GC-MS; the major constituents of the volatile oil were ageratochromene (11.95%), palmitic acid (9.95%), hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (5.96%), β-eudesmol (4.53%) and β-caryophyllene oxide (3.08%). The most characteristic aroma compounds in the volatile oil were identified for β-caryophyllene oxide (FD-factor = 128, spicy), (E)-pinocarveol (FD-factor = 64, sweet), 3-butylpyridine (FD-factor = 64, spicy), and 2-nonanone (FD-factor = 32, green) by GC-MS, GC-O and AEDA. It seems that these compounds are responsible for the spicy, sweet and green odour of the aerial parts of P. odorata. The antioxidant activity of the volatile oil was also investigated by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay using fluorescein (FL) as the fluorescent probe. The ORAC value of the oil was 594.2 ± 25.9 μM TE/g. The results indicated that the volatile oil from the aerial parts of P. odorata could be considered as a natural antioxidant effect agent.

Topics: Antioxidants; Benzopyrans; Bicyclic Monoterpenes; Distillation; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Indicator Dilution Techniques; Ketones; Malvaceae; Medicine, Ayurvedic; Monoterpenes; Odorants; Oils, Volatile; Olfactometry; Palmitic Acid; Plant Components, Aerial; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes, Eudesmane; Terpenes

The chemical composition of the essential oil from aerial parts of L. nepetaefolia (L.) R. Br. collected in Nicaragua was evaluated by GC and GC-MS. The main components were (Z)-phytol (22.8%), caryophyllene oxide (18.9%) and hexahydrofarnesylacetone (9.0%). The antibacterial activity against several Gram + and Gram - bacteria, including Bacillus cereus and B. subtilis, both infesting historical cellulosic material, was also determined. B. cereus, B. subtilis and Staphylococcus epidermis were the most affected by the action of the oil.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacillus cereus; Bacillus subtilis; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Lamiaceae; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nicaragua; Oils, Volatile; Phytol; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Terpenes

Chemical compositions of the essential oil of Sedum pallidum Bieb. var. bithynicum (Boiss.) and S. spurium Bieb. (Crassulaceae) from Turkey were investigated by GC-MS, and antimicrobial activity of the oil samples were assessed against Gram-positive/negative bacteria and yeast-like fungi. Thirty-eight and thirty-five components were identified in the essential oils and the main components of these species were found to be caryophyllene oxide from S. pallidum var. bithynicum and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone from S. spurium in the ratios of 12.8% and 15.7%, respectively. The isolated essential oils of the plants showed low antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative/positive bacteria and yeast-like fungi, having the MIC values of 500-2000 microg/mL. Antibacterial activity was not observed against Bacillus cereus.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Fungi; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Medicine, Traditional; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Structure; Oils, Volatile; Phytotherapy; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sedum; Sesquiterpenes; Terpenes; Turkey

The volatile constituents of the flowerheads of Centaurea nicaeensis All., C. parlatoris Helder and C. solstitialis L. ssp. schouwii (DC.) Dostál were extracted by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC and GC-MS. Altogether 113 components were identified. Fatty acids and hydrocarbons were the most abundant components in the oils. Caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide were the main compounds of the sesquiterpene fraction. The study on the biological activity of the oils shows no significant activity.

Topics: Bacillus subtilis; Candida albicans; Centaurea; Chromatography, Gas; Flowers; Fusarium; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Italy; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Oils, Volatile; Palmitic Acid; Plant Extracts; Plant Oils; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Sesquiterpenes; Terpenes