caryophyllene and geraniol

Compounds having insecticidal activity can be used to control Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, a major worldwide vector, and several plants have a source of such molecules. A principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out to determine the criterion to select larvicidal metabolites. The insecticidal activity of seven selected metabolites by PCA was validated by determining its lethal concentrations 50 (LC

Topics: Acetates; Acyclic Monoterpenes; Aedes; Animals; Insecticides; Mitochondria; Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; Mosquito Control; Oxidation-Reduction; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Secondary Metabolism

Bearded irises are ornamental plants with distinctive floral fragrance grown worldwide. To identify the floral scent profiles, twenty-seven accessions derived from three bearded iris, including

Topics: Acyclic Monoterpenes; Flowers; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Iris Plant; Monoterpenes; Odorants; Perfume; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Solid Phase Microextraction; Terpenes; Volatile Organic Compounds

The essential oil constituents of the leaves of Jasminum subtriplinerve (Oleaceae) and Vitex quinata (Verbanaceae) cultivated in Vietnam were analysed by gas chromatography--flame ionisation detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography--mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. The main constituents identified in J. subtriplinerve were mainly oxygenated monoterpenes represented by linalool (44.2%), α-terpineol (15.5%), geraniol (19.4%) and cis-linalool oxide (8.8%). The quantitative significant components of V. quinata were terpene hydrocarbons comprising of β-pinene (30.1%), β-caryophyllene (26.9%) and β-elemene (7.4%). The chemical compositions of the essential oils are being reported for the first time.

Topics: Acyclic Monoterpenes; Bicyclic Monoterpenes; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; Cyclohexenes; Flame Ionization; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Jasminum; Monoterpenes; Oils, Volatile; Plant Leaves; Plant Oils; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Terpenes; Vietnam; Vitex

Absorption of hop volatiles by crown cork liner polymers and can coatings was investigated in beer during storage. All hop volatiles measured were prone to migrate into the closures, and the absorption kinetics was demonstrated to fit Fick's second law of diffusion well for a plane sheet. The extent and rate of diffusion were significantly dissimilar and were greatly dependent upon the nature of the volatile. Diffusion coefficients ranged from 1.32 × 10(-5) cm(2)/day (limonene) to 0.26 × 10(-5) cm(2)/day (α-humulene). The maximum amounts absorbed into the material at equilibrium were in the following order: limonene > α-humulene > trans-caryophyllene > myrcene ≫ linalool > α-terpineol > geraniol. With the application of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) liners with oxygen-scavenging functionality, oxygen-barrier liners made up from high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or liner polymers from a different manufacturer had no significant effect on the composition of hop volatiles in beers after prolonged storage of 55 days; however, significantly higher amounts of myrcene and limonene were found in the oxygen-barrier-type crown cork, while all other closures behaved similarly. Can coatings were demonstrated to absorb hop volatiles in a similar pattern as crown corks but to a lesser extent. Consequently, significantly higher percentages of myrcene were found in the beers.

Topics: Acyclic Monoterpenes; Alkenes; Beer; Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; Cyclohexenes; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humulus; Limonene; Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; Monoterpenes; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Polyethylene; Polymers; Sesquiterpenes; Terpenes

The present study focuses on the volatile compounds with characteristic odor of essential oil from the leaves of Magnolia obovata by hydrodistillation (HD) and solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) method. Eighty-seven compounds, representing 98.0% of the total oil, were identified using HD. The major compounds of HD oil were (E)-β-caryophyllene (23.7%), α-humulene (11.6%), geraniol (9.1%), and borneol (7.0%). In SAFE oil, fifty-eight compounds, representing 99.7% of the total oil, were identified. The main compounds of SAFE oil were (E)-β-caryophyllene (48.9%), α-humulene (15.7%), and bicyclogermacrene (4.2%). In this study, we newly identified eighty-five compounds of the oils from M. obovata leaves. These oils were also subjected to aroma evaluation by gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) and aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA). As a result, twenty-four (HD) and twenty-five (SAFE) aroma-active compounds were detected. (E)-β-Caryophyllene, α-humulene, linalool, geraniol, 1,8-cineole, and bicyclogermacrene were found to impart the characteristic odor of M. obovata leaves. These results imply that the oils of M. obovata leaves must be investigated further to clarify their potential application in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

Topics: Acyclic Monoterpenes; Camphanes; Chromatography, Gas; Cyclohexanols; Distillation; Eucalyptol; Magnolia; Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; Monoterpenes; Odorants; Oils, Volatile; Olfactometry; Plant Leaves; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Solvents; Terpenes; Volatilization; Water

Solid-phase microextraction technique coupled with gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to investigate the inter- and intra-population chemical polymorphism in volatile constituents of three populations of Thymus pannonicus growing in Slovakia. To have an idea on what really the plant emits under different environmental and physiological conditions, a total of 86 individuals were separately analysed using low extraction temperatures (30°C). Data were analysed using a chemometric approach such as the principal component analysis which revealed a significant intra-population variability with the existence of up to four chemotypes: the most abundant is the p-cymene/γ-terpinene chemotype, followed by the geraniol and linalool chemotypes, and, only in one population, by the γ-muurolene/(E)-caryophyllene chemotype. This differentiation of individual plants inside the populations allows better adaptation to ecological conditions of localities and is probably connected with intrinsic genetic diversity of the species.

Topics: Acyclic Monoterpenes; Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; Cymenes; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Monoterpenes; Oils, Volatile; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Principal Component Analysis; Sesquiterpenes; Slovakia; Solid Phase Microextraction; Terpenes; Thymus Plant

The bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) causes major losses during the storage of cowpea seeds [Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walp.] in Sri Lanka. Essential oil isolated from Plectranthus zeylanicus plant was tested for potential insecticidal activity against C. maculatus. The gas chromatography studies of the essential oil of P. zeylanicus showed that ρ-cymene (3.5%), β-caryophyllene (0.2%), geranyl acetate (9.3%) and geraniol (7.2%) were the major constituents. The adults of C. maculatus were susceptible to both fumigant and contact toxicity of P. zeylanicus plant oil. LC(50) values of 0.927 and 0.010 g L(-1) were obtained for fumigant toxicity and contact toxicity assays, respectively. Oviposition and F(1) adult emergence were significantly inhibited by P. zeylanicus plant oil at a concentration higher than 0.001 g L(-1) in both fumigant and contact toxicities. The analysis of olfactometer and choice camber bioassays revealed the repellent effects of the oil of P. zeylanicus plant.

Topics: Acetates; Acyclic Monoterpenes; Animals; Chromatography, Gas; Coleoptera; Cymenes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Edible Grain; Female; Insect Repellents; Insecticides; Monoterpenes; Mortality; Oils, Volatile; Oviposition; Plectranthus; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Sri Lanka; Terpenes