cardamonin and pinocembrin

Topics: Alpinia; Antimutagenic Agents; Chalcones; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Flavanones; Flavonoids; Furylfuramide; Mutagenicity Tests; Mutagens; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Quinolines; Salmonella typhimurium; Seeds; SOS Response, Genetics

The total flavonoids (TFs) were isolated from the leaves of Carya cathayensis Sarg. (LCC), a well-known Chinese medicinal herb commercially cultivated in Tianmu Mountain district, a cross area of Zhejiang and Anhui provinces in China. Five flavonoids, i.e. cardamonin, pinostrobin chalcone (PC), wogonin, chrysin, and pinocembrin were the main components of the TFs. The TFs and these pure compounds suppressed vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis as detected in the mouse aortic ring assay, and cardamonin showed the best effect among them. To further elucidate the mechanisms for suppressing angiogenesis of these flavonoids, assays of VEGF-induced proliferation and migration in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were performed. The TFs, cardamonin, pinocembrin, and chrysin obviously suppressed both VEGF-induced HUVEC proliferation and migration. However, PC and wogonin not only slightly inhibited VEGF-induced proliferation but also remarkably suppressed those of migration in HUVECs. Our further study showed that cardamonin decreased the phosphorylation of ERK and AKT induced by VEGF with a dose-dependent manner in HUVECs. Our findings indicate that the TFs and these pure flavonoids may become potential preventive and/or therapeutic agents against angiogenesis-related diseases.

Topics: Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Animals; Carya; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Chalcones; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Flavanones; Flavonoids; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Humans; Male; Mice; Plant Leaves; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

In the present study, we investigated the effects of Alpinia katsumadai H(AYATA) (Zingiberaceae) seed ethanolic extract (AKEE) and its three components on the production of inflammatory mediators and some potential underlying mechanisms in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation RAW264.7 cells. The whole formula, AKEE, and three major component compounds were then evaluated for their effects on inflammation-related parameters using LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Production of namely nitric oxide (NO) and cytokine levels were measured by the Griess reagent and ELISA, respectively. To investigate the underlying mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activities of AKEE, protein expression of nitric oxide synthase (inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) were evaluated by western blot analysis. AKEE and the major group of compounds in AKEE (alpinetin, cardamonin, and pinocembrin) complement exert anti-inflammatory effects for NO and PGE(2) production. In addition, AKEE treatment significantly inhibited the LPS-induced production of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, as well as the expression of iNOS. AKEE also induced HO-1 expression in RAW264.7 cells and inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB by preventing degradation of the inhibitor kappa B-alpha. We also demonstrated that the effects of AKEE on TNF-α production were partially reversed by the HO-1 inhibitor tin protoporphyrin. These results indicate that AKEE and its major component may have anti-inflammatory activity via induction of HO-1 expression was partly responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects.

Topics: Alpinia; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cell Line; Chalcones; Enzyme Induction; Flavanones; Heme Oxygenase-1; I-kappa B Proteins; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators; Interleukin-6; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages; Metalloporphyrins; Mice; NF-kappa B; NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Plant Extracts; Prostaglandins; Protoporphyrins; Seeds; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

To study the chemical constituents from the ethanolic extract of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata.. The compounds were separated with the column chromatographic, and their structures were identified by chemical and spectroscopic methods.. Eight compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract. On the basis of their physical and chemical properties and spectroscopic analysis, the structures of seven compounds were identified. They were 1,7-Diphenyl-5-hydroxy-4, 6-heptadien-3-one(I), 1,7-Diphenyl4, 6-heptadien-3-one(II), Pinocembrin (III), Cardamomin (IV), Alpinetin (V), 7,4'-Dihydroxy-5-methoxy flavanones(VI) and beta-Sitosterol(VIII), respectively.. Compounds I , II and VII are separated from this plant for the first time. Compounds I and II are also obtained from this genus of Alpinetin for the first time.

Topics: Chalcones; Flavanones; Plants, Medicinal; Seeds; Sitosterols; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Zingiberaceae

Twelve compounds isolated from Alpinia mutica Roxb., Kaempferia rotunda Linn., Curcuma xanthorhiza Roxb., Curcuma aromatica Valeton and Zingiber zerumbet Smith (Family: Zingiberaceae) and three synthesized derivatives of xanthorrhizol were evaluated for their ability to inhibit arachidonic acid- (AA), collagen- and ADP-induced platelet aggregation in human whole blood. Antiplatelet activity of the compounds was measured in vitro by the Chrono Log whole blood aggregometer using an electrical impedance method. Among the compounds tested, curcumin from C. aromatica, cardamonin, pinocembrine and 5,6-dehydrokawain from A. mutica and 3-deacetylcrotepoxide from K. rotunda showed strong inhibition on platelet aggregation induced by AA with IC(50) values of less than 84 microM. Curcumin was the most effective antiplatelet compound as it inhibited AA-, collagen- and ADP-induced platelet aggregation with IC(50) values of 37.5, 60.9 and 45.7 microM, respectively.

Topics: Chalcones; Curcumin; Flavanones; Fruit; Humans; Plant Extracts; Platelet Aggregation; Pyrones; Rhizome; Structure-Activity Relationship; Zingiberaceae