calcimycin and dithiadene

Contradictory data published on histamine-PMN leukocyte interactions stimulated us to study to the role of histamine and H1-antagonist Dithiaden in generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and aggregation of human neutrophils.. Whole blood or isolated PMN-leukocytes were exposed in a dose-dependent way to histamine or H1-antagonist Dithiaden and subsequently stimulated. Whole blood was stimulated with opsonised zymosan (OZ). Isolated cells were stimulated with membrane stimuli (OZ, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine--fMLP), or membrane bypassing stimuli (Ca2+-ionophore A23187, phorbol-myristate-acetate--PMA). The luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) was measured separately (whole blood) in a luminometer or simultaneously with neutrophil aggregation in a whole blood lumiaggregometer.. Depending on the concentration used, Dithiaden" was 1.5- to 25.0-times more effective in inhibiting activated CL of whole blood than histamine. In isolated neutrophils both histamine and Dithiaden inhibited OZ- and A23187-stimulated CL dose-dependently, with potentiation observed after stimulation with PMA and fMLP. Histamine did not alter aggregation with any of the stimuli tested. Dithiaden inhibited A23187-, OZ- and PMA-stimulated PMN-leukocytes but potentiated fMLP-induced aggregation of isolated neutrophils. Simultaneous application of Dithiaden and histamine abolished the effect of Dithiaden on fMLP-stimulated CL.. Dithiaden, depending on the stimuli applied, inhibited human neutrophils, both isolated or in whole blood, more markedly than histamine. The inhibition of aggregation and CL was dose- and stimulus-dependent. Histamine administered simultaneously abolished the effect of Dithiaden on fMLP-stimulated PMN-leukocytes. It seems likely that the interaction of Dithiaden with neutrophils operated both at an extra- and intracellular level.

Topics: Benzothiepins; Calcimycin; Cell Aggregation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Histamine; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Ionophores; Luminescent Measurements; Luminol; N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; Neutrophils; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Zymosan

On the basis of values corresponding to concentrations exhibiting 50% inhibition of platelet aggregation induced with different stimuli and 50% inhibition of arachidonic acid liberation and thromboxane generation, we compared the antiplatelet effect of two cationic amphiphilic drugs--chloroquine and dithiaden. Compared to chloroquine, dithiaden was much more effective in inhibiting platelet aggregation, A-23187 induced arachidonic acid liberation and thromboxane generation. Chloroquine, on the other hand, was more effective in the inhibition of thrombin-induced arachidonic acid liberation.

Topics: Adult; Arachidonic Acid; Benzothiepins; Blood Platelets; Calcimycin; Chloroquine; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Middle Aged; Phospholipases A; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Thrombin; Thromboxane B2

Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Benzothiepins; Blood Platelets; Calcimycin; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Ionophores; Malondialdehyde; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Thrombin; Thromboxane B2

Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Benzothiepins; Calcimycin; Histamine H1 Antagonists; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Malondialdehyde; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Thrombin; Thromboxane B2