cadinol and aromadendrene

The essential oils from leaves, twigs and trunk bark of Onychopetalum amazonicum R.E. Fr. (Annonaceae), obtained by hydrodistillation, were analysed by GC and GC-MS, and also were evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activity. Forty-one compounds, which correspond to 75.0-92.2% of the oil components, were identified. Major compounds were sesquiterpenes, including (E)-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, spathulenol, α-gurjunene, allo-aromadendrene and α-epi-cadinol. The oils were evaluated for antimicrobial activities against four bacteria strains and five pathogenic fungi. The oil of the trunk bark exhibited good activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Escherichia coli ATCC 10538 and Kocuria rhizophila ATCC 9341, with a minimal inhibitory concentration of 62.5 μg/mL. The essential oil composition and the antimicrobial evaluation are reported for the first time for the genus Onychopetalum.

Topics: Annonaceae; Anti-Infective Agents; Azulenes; Escherichia coli; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Oils, Volatile; Plant Leaves; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Terpenes

Essential oils hydrodistilled from the leaves and stem barks of Goniothalamus macrocalyx Ban., Goniothalamus albiflorus Ban. and Goniothalamus tamirensis Pierre ex Fin. & Gagnep. growing in Vietnam were analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-coupled with mass spectrometry. α-Pinene (1.7-50.0%), β-pinene (tr-6.8%), β-myrcene (tr-1.5%), (E)-β-ocimene (tr-4.6%), β-caryophyllene (9.9-12.8%), aromadendrene (0.2-6.0%), α-humulene (1.7-6.9%), α-cadinol (1.2-14.5%), δ-cadinene (0.1-10.3%) and n-hexadecanoic acid (0.2-1.9%) were common to the oil samples. α-Pinene (50.0%) was the most abundant single constituent of the leaf oil of G. macrocalyx, whereas the major compounds of the stem were α-cadinol (14.5%), β-caryophyllene (10.3%) and octadecanoic acid (8.2%). Benzoic acid (18.4%), β-caryophyllene (12.4%) and α-pinene (10.3%) were present in the leaf of G. albiflorus, whereas limonene (21.2%), β-caryophyllene (12.8%) and α-phellandrene (9.3%) were identified in the stem. The leaf oil of G. tamirensis was characterised by abundance of α-pinene (33.4%), viridiflorol (18.5%) and β-caryophyllene (12.4%), whereas γ-gurjunene (11.2%), β-caryophyllene (10.9%) and δ-cadinene (10.3%) predominates in the stem oil.

Topics: Acyclic Monoterpenes; Alkenes; Azulenes; Bicyclic Monoterpenes; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Chromatography, Gas; Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Goniothalamus; Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; Monoterpenes; Oils, Volatile; Plant Bark; Plant Leaves; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes; Terpenes