buprenorphine and flunixin-meglumine

C57BL/6NCrl male mice (n = 60; age, 6 to 7 wk) underwent partial hepatectomy or no surgery and were given 1 of 3 analgesics pre- and postoperatively. Food and water consumption, body weight, running wheel activity, locomotor activity, and serum corticosterone concentrations were measured before and after surgery. Mice that were surgically manipulated weighed significantly less on days 1 through 3 after surgery than did mice not manipulated surgically. On the day of surgery, the surgery groups consumed significantly less feed (-1.5±0.35 g) than did nonsurgery groups. There were no differences in water consumption on any day between surgery and nonsurgery groups or among the 3 analgesic groups. For running wheel activity, significant decreases in the surgery groups were seen at day 1 after surgery compared with baseline. Surgery groups that received buprenorphine and meloxicam returned to baseline activity levels on day 2 after surgery. Open-field testing revealed no significant differences in locomotor activity in any groups; however, posttreatment locomotor activity in the buprenorphine nonsurgery group was increased compared with baseline, and posttreatment locomotor activity in the flunixin meglumine surgery group was decreased compared with baseline. Serum corticosterone concentrations were within normal limits regardless of treatment in all groups. Comparison of the overall results indicated that meloxicam and buprenorphine, at the dose given, appear to be suitable postoperative analgesics for partial hepatectomy in mice. Flunixin meglumine at the given dosage (2.5 mg/kg) may not provide adequate analgesia for partial hepatectomy.

Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Behavior, Animal; Buprenorphine; Clonixin; Drinking; Eating; Hepatectomy; Male; Meloxicam; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Models, Animal; Pain, Postoperative; Postoperative Period; Thiazines; Thiazoles

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect on litter size of 2 analgesics used perioperatively during mouse embryo transfer surgery. Day 2.5 pseudopregnant CD1 mice (n = 96) were divided equally into 2 analgesic treatment groups and a saline control group. Each mouse received a single, subcutaneous dose of buprenorphine hydrochloride (0.1 mg/kg), flunixin meglumine (2.5 mg/kg), or saline immediately after induction of anesthesia with 2.5% isoflurane. Each mouse then was prepared for aseptic surgery. Blastocysts had previously been collected from C57BL/6NCrl female mice that were synchronized and superovulated by using pregnant mare serum gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin and mated with C57BL/6NTac male mice 3.5 d before collection. Viable blastocysts were pooled, and 8 were selected arbitrarily and transplanted into the right uterine horn of each pseudopregnant CD1 mouse. Mice were monitored throughout pregnancy, and the number of pups at birth was documented. No statistically significant difference was found between the 3 groups. These results indicate that perioperative analgesic treatment with buprenorphine or flunixin in the CD1 mouse undergoing embryo transfer is not associated with increased embryonic loss.

Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Buprenorphine; Clonixin; Embryo Transfer; Female; Litter Size; Maternal Exposure; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Perioperative Care; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Rate

The study examined the efficacy of preemptive or postoperative analgesia on surgical pain in the mouse. Radiotelemetry transmitters were surgically implanted in 28 female ICR mice. A mock ova implantation surgery was then performed. Mice were treated with a single dose of buprenorphine or flunixin meglumine prior to or after surgery, three doses of buprenorphine, or were untreated. Heart rate, blood pressure, home cage activity, food and water consumption, and body weight were measured. The no-analgesia group showed no significant differences between any parameters collected prior to surgery and those collected at similar times during the day of surgery. Significant increases in mouse activity on the day of surgery occurred with all analgesic treatments, compared with pre-surgical activity. There were no consistent significant changes in any other telemetry parameter after treatment with analgesics compared with no analgesia. Food consumption and body weight the day after surgery were reduced significantly in the animals treated with three doses of buprenorphine compared with untreated mice and mice given a single dose of buprenorphine. We conclude that the mock ova implant procedure does not induce sufficient pain to cause alterations in heart rate and blood pressure in the mouse. Activity was significantly reduced in the first 6 h after surgery in mice without analgesia, compared with activity prior to surgery. There were no significant differences between pre-emptive and postoperative analgesia. Body weight and food and water consumption were poor measures of pain because analgesia alone affected these parameters.

Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Body Weight; Buprenorphine; Clonixin; Drinking; Eating; Female; Mice; Narcotics; Pain; Postoperative Period; Telemetry