boron and phenothiazine

Fluorescent hypochlorite probes with ratiometric imaging ability are highly desirable for imaging hypochlorite in biological systems. However, it is still challenging to develop new scaffolds for these probes. In this study, we demonstrate that phenothiazine-fused boron complexes are promising scaffolds for the design of ratiometric fluorescent hypochlorite probes. The synthesized complexes based on the scaffold show ultrafast and ratiometric absorption/fluorescence changes for hypochlorite. We also developed an endoplasmic reticulum-targeting probe and demonstrated that it has excellent real-time imaging ability for both endogenous and exogenous hypochlorite in the endoplasmic reticulum of living cells.

Topics: Boron; Fluorescent Dyes; Hypochlorous Acid; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Optical Imaging; Phenothiazines

Novel, sensitive and rapid electrochemical methods for the determination of phenothiazine and azaphenothiazine derivatives were developed. A boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode was used for electrochemical oxidation of levomepromazine, promazine and prothipendyl. The electrooxidation of these substances demonstrated reversible peaks of oxidation at the potential range 0.55 - 0.75 V vs. SCE. Examining the influence of scan rate allowed is to demonstrate that the currents registered typical of the diffusion-controlled process. Determinations of the studied analytes were carried out by means of a square wave voltammetry (SWV) method and a differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method. Linear ranges of determination with the use of the BDD electrode and the SWV method were obtained in the ranges: from 4 × 10(-7) to 1.38 × 10(-4) mol L(-1) for levomepromazine, from 4 × 10(-7) to 1.17 × 10(-5) mol L(-1) for promazine and from 4.95 × 10(-7) to 4.54 × 10(-5) mol L(-1) for prothipendyl. The influence of interferences on the voltammetric signal of the studied analytes was also checked. The proposed procedures were used for quantitative determination of the studied compounds in pharmaceutical preparations. The measurements showed high accuracy. The recovery values obtained ranged from 98.52 to 99.57%. The developed procedures were compared with pharmacopoeial reference methods.

Topics: Boron; Diamond; Electrochemistry; Electrodes; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Limit of Detection; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phenothiazines; Reproducibility of Results; Time Factors

Previously, we have reported on the quantitative self-assembly of a series of interpenetrated double-cages [Pd4Ligand8] with ligands based on various organic backbones. For dibenzosuberone-based cages it was shown that anion binding in the outer two pockets follows an allosteric mechanism. Herein we wish to report the anion binding capabilities of three related phenothiazine cages. We present a systematic comparison of the relative halide (Cl(-) and Br(-)) binding affinities and the structural rearrangements of four double-cages based on NMR titrations, NOESY experiments and electronic structure calculations.

Topics: Anions; Boron; Chlorine; Coordination Complexes; Ligands; Models, Molecular; Phenothiazines